Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| effects of crude red kidney bean lectin (phytohemagglutinin) exposure on performance, health, feeding behavior, and gut maturation of pigs at weaning. | the aim of this study was to obtain information that could help to ease the weaning transition in commercial pig production. before weaning, phytohemagglutinin (pha) in the form of a crude preparation of red kidney bean lectin was fed by gavage to 24 crossbred [(swedish landrace x yorkshire) x hampshire] piglets, whereas 24 control piglets were fed alpha-lactalbumin by gavage, to study the effect on growth, occurrence of postweaning diarrhea, feeding behavior, and some anatomical and physiologic ... | 2007 | 17040948 |
| identification of the actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae leucine-responsive regulatory protein and its involvement in the regulation of in vivo-induced genes. | actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen that causes a severe hemorrhagic pneumonia in swine. we have previously shown that the limitation of branched-chain amino acids (bcaas) is a cue that induces the expression of a subset of a. pleuropneumoniae genes identified as specifically induced during infection of the natural host animal by using an in vivo expression technology screen. leucine-responsive regulatory protein (lrp) is a global regulator and has been shown in ... | 2007 | 17060463 |
| expression of porcine circovirus 2 orf2 gene requires codon optimized e. coli cells. | expression and purification of whole and nuclear localization signal (nls) deleted orf2 capsid protein of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) is demonstrated in the present study. gene coding for both protein forms were cloned into pdest17 vector and expressed in bl21 (de3)ai cells and in bl21-codonplus (de3)-ripl e. coli cells. the later cells were used to overcome difficulties with the heterologous expression of viral proteins in prokaryotic systems. whole 30 kda recombinant orf2 protein was successfu ... | 2007 | 17139551 |
| high-viscosity carboxymethylcellulose reduces carbachol-stimulated intestinal chloride secretion in weaned piglets fed a diet based on skimmed milk powder and maltodextrin. | high-viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) promotes gastrointestinal disorders, tissue alterations and bacterial overgrowth in pigs. the impact of cmc on intestinal absorptive and secretory physiology is not known. we hypothesised that cmc consumption alters intestinal na-dependent glucose absorption and stimulates electrogenic chloride secretion. for testing this hypothesis, twenty-four piglets were weaned at 21 d of age and pair-fed for 13 d a starter diet based on skimmed milk powder and mal ... | 2006 | 16512934 |
| [cloning and characterization of the gene encoding impdh of streptococcus suis serotype 2]. | given the lack of effective vaccines to control streptococcus suis infection and the lack of a rapid and reliable molecular diagnostic assay to detect its infection, s. suis serotype 2 was sequenced partly in an effort to identify important virulence factors. two new open reading frames were found located between orf2 and mrp. one of new open reading frame (2738 - 3694) that encoded a polypeptide of 319 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 33.5kda was identified by western blo ... | 2006 | 17172018 |
| pretreatment with n-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester improved oxygenation after inhalation of nitric oxide in newborn piglets with escherichia coli pneumonia and sepsis. | we evaluated the effects of a combined therapy of pre-blockade endogenous nitric oxide synthase (nos) with n-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name) and continuous inhaled no (ino) on the gas exchange and hemodynamics of escherichia coli pneumonia and sepsis in newborn piglets. seven to ten day old ventilated newborn piglets were randomized into 5 groups: control, e. coli pneumonia control, pneumonia with ino 10 ppm, pneumonia pre-treated with l-name 10 mg/kg, and pneumonia with the combined ther ... | 2006 | 17179670 |
| characterization of macrolide-resistant campylobacter coli isolates from food-producing animals on farms across japan during 2004. | we investigated the susceptibilities against 7 antimicrobial agents in campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolates from food-producing animals in 2004. in comparison with the results of past surveillance, no significant difference was observed in resistance rates against all of the antimicrobials tested in campylobacter isolates. however, slight increase of erythromycin (em) resistance was found in c. coli isolates from pigs. we examined the mutation of the 23s rrna gene and their susceptibilities ... | 2006 | 17085893 |
| [combined expression of tso45w-4bx from taenia solium and porcine cd58 in escherichia coli]. | to express the tso45w-4bx of taenia solium in combination with cd58 as a molecular adjuvant for improving the protective efficacy of the tso45w-4bx recombinant vaccine. | 2006 | 17094600 |
| detection and distribution of probiotic escherichia coli nissle 1917 clones in swine herds in germany. | to verify the presence of escherichia coli nissle 1917 as a natural isolate in swine and to characterize in vitro probiotic properties as well as in vivo persistence in a feeding experiment. | 2006 | 17105567 |
| mouse stefins a1 and a2 (stfa1 and stfa2) differentiate between papain-like endo- and exopeptidases. | stefin a (stfa) acts as a competitive inhibitor of intracellular papain-like cysteine proteases which play important roles in normal cellular functions such as general protein turnover, antigen processing and ovarian follicular growth and maturation. in the mouse there are at least three different variants of stfa (stfa1, stfa2 and stfa3). recent genetic studies identified structural polymorphisms in stfa1 and stfa2 as candidates for aod1b, a locus controlling susceptibility to day three thymect ... | 2006 | 16831429 |
| detection of sul1, sul2 and sul3 in sulphonamide resistant escherichia coli isolates obtained from healthy humans, pork and pigs in denmark. | the occurrence of sulphonamide resistance was investigated in 998 escherichia coli isolates, obtained from pig faeces collected at slaughter, danish pork collected at retail outlets and from faeces from healthy persons in denmark. in total 18% (n=35), 20% (n=38) and 26% (n=161) of the e. coli isolates obtained from humans, pork and pigs, respectively, were resistant to sulphonamide. all sulphonamide resistant e. coli isolates were investigated for the presence of sul1, sul2, sul3 and inti1 genes ... | 2006 | 16216373 |
| major role for feob in campylobacter jejuni ferrous iron acquisition, gut colonization, and intracellular survival. | to assess the importance of ferrous iron acquisition in campylobacter physiology and pathogenesis, we disrupted and characterized the fe2+ iron transporter, feob, in campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168, 81-176, and atcc 43431. the feob mutant was significantly affected in its ability to transport 55fe2+. it accumulated half the amount of iron than the wild-type strain during growth in an iron-containing medium. the intracellular iron of the feob mutant was localized in the periplasmic space versus t ... | 2006 | 16988218 |
| detection of human-derived fecal pollution in environmental waters by use of a pcr-based human polyomavirus assay. | regulatory agencies mandate the use of fecal coliforms, escherichia coli or enterococcus spp., as microbial indicators of recreational water quality. these indicators of fecal pollution do not identify the specific sources of pollution and at times underestimate health risks associated with recreational water use. this study proposes the use of human polyomaviruses (hpyvs), which are widespread among human populations, as indicators of human fecal pollution. a method was developed to concentrate ... | 2006 | 16997988 |
| differential effects of clathrin and actin inhibitors on internalization of escherichia coli and salmonella choleraesuis in porcine jejunal peyer's patches. | peyer's patches constitute both an inductive immune site and an enteropathogen invasion route. peyer's patch mucosae from porcine jejunum were mounted in ussing chambers, and either salmonella choleraesuis vaccine strain sc-54 or non-pathogenic rodent and porcine escherichia coli strains contacted the peyer's patch mucosa for 90 min. internalized bacteria were quantified by a gentamicin resistance assay. monodansylcadaverine (300 microm, luminal addition), an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endoc ... | 2006 | 16326046 |
| virulence factor gene profiles of escherichia coli isolates from clinically healthy pigs. | nonpathogenic, intestinal escherichia coli (commensal e. coli) supports the physiological intestinal balance of the host, whereas pathogenic e. coli with typical virulence factor gene profiles can cause severe outbreaks of diarrhea. in many reports, e. coli isolates from diarrheic animals were classified as putative pathogens. here we describe a broad variety of virulence gene-positive e. coli isolates from swine with no clinical signs of intestinal disease. the isolation of e. coli from 34 pigs ... | 2006 | 17021219 |
| ctx-m-1- and ctx-m-15-type beta-lactamases in clinical escherichia coli isolates recovered from food-producing animals in france. | clinical escherichia coli strains with resistance or variable susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins were detected in cattle, swine and poultry in france. these strains were shown to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls), with ctx-m-1- and ctx-m-15-type beta-lactamases being responsible for this phenotype. the bla(ctx-m-1) gene was encountered most commonly and was characterised in seven e. coli strains isolated from cattle, swine and poultry, whereas bla(ctx-m-15) was ide ... | 2006 | 17027237 |
| the ul4 gene of pseudorabies virus encodes a minor infected-cell protein that is dispensable for virus replication. | although homologues of the open reading frame (orf) ul4 of herpes simplex virus 1 (human herpesvirus 1) have been found in the genomes of all hitherto-analysed alphaherpesviruses, little is known about their function. in a project to analyse systematically, in an isogenic and standardized assay system, the gene products of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv; suid herpesvirus 1), the prv ul4 gene product was identified using a monospecific rabbit antiserum prepared against a bacterial f ... | 2006 | 16894189 |
| consumption of milk from transgenic goats expressing human lysozyme in the mammary gland results in the modulation of intestinal microflora. | lysozyme is a key antimicrobial component of human milk that has several health-promoting functions including the development of a healthy intestinal tract. however, levels of lysozyme in the milk of dairy animals are negligible. we have generated transgenic dairy goats that express human lysozyme (hlz) in their milk in an attempt to deliver the benefits of human milk in a continual fashion. to test the feasibility of this transgenic approach to achieve a biological impact at the level of the in ... | 2006 | 16906451 |
| iodotyrosine deiodinase is the first mammalian member of the nadh oxidase/flavin reductase superfamily. | the enzyme responsible for iodide salvage in the thyroid, iodotyrosine deiodinase, was solubilized from porcine thyroid microsomes by limited proteolysis with trypsin. the resulting protein retained deiodinase activity and was purified using anion exchange, dye, and hydrophobic chromatography successively. peptide sequencing of the final isolate identified the gene responsible for the deiodinase. the amino acid sequence of the porcine enzyme is highly homologous to corresponding genes in a varie ... | 2006 | 16316988 |
| identification by mass spectroscopy of f4ac-fimbrial-binding proteins in porcine milk and characterization of lactadherin as an inhibitor of f4ac-positive escherichia coli attachment to intestinal villi in vitro. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) must attach to the intestinal surface to cause diarrhea. milk and colostrum play an important role in protecting suckling piglets against etec through their constituent antibodies as well as non-immunoglobulin factors. we used affinity chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify lactadherin, beta-casein, whey acidic protein, lipoprotein lipase, and several structural cellular proteins as non-immunoglobulin f4ac fimbriae-binding p ... | 2006 | 16321438 |
| dynamics of a pig slurry microbial community during anaerobic storage and management. | the microbial community of a pig slurry on a farm was monitored for 6 months using both molecular and cultural approaches. sampling was carried out at all the different stages of effluent handling, from the rearing build-up to slurry spreading. total dna of each sample was extracted and analyzed by pcr-single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis using primers targeting the 16s rrna genes from the archaeal and bacterial domains and also the eubacterium-clostridium, bacillus-streptococ ... | 2006 | 16672505 |
| soybean atp sulfurylase, a homodimeric enzyme involved in sulfur assimilation, is abundantly expressed in roots and induced by cold treatment. | soybeans are a rich source of protein and a key feed ingredient in livestock production, but lack sufficient levels of cysteine and methionine to meet the nutritional demands of swine or poultry as feed components. although engineering the sulfur assimilatory pathway could lead to increased sulfur-containing amino acid content, little is known about this pathway in legumes. here, we describe the cloning and characterization of soybean atp sulfurylase (atps), which acts as the metabolic entry poi ... | 2006 | 16684499 |
| chloramphenicol and kanamycin resistance among porcine escherichia coli in ontario. | the purpose of this study was to compare the distribution of chloramphenicol and kanamycin resistance genes across three populations of porcine escherichia coli. | 2006 | 16720568 |
| efficacy of an alcohol-based healthcare hand rub containing synergistic combination of farnesol and benzethonium chloride. | healthcare workers are required to disinfect the hands several times a day using hand disinfectants, which leads to chronic hand exposure to high levels of antimicrobials contained in the disinfectants, which could compromise the skin integrity. this problem may be addressed by developing hand disinfectants containing synergistic combinations of small amounts of antimicrobials and other agents. the synergistic effect of farnesol and essential oils with several antimicrobials was studied in vitro ... | 2006 | 16750419 |
| development of bacteroides 16s rrna gene taqman-based real-time pcr assays for estimation of total, human, and bovine fecal pollution in water. | bacteroides species are promising indicators for differentiating livestock and human fecal contamination in water because of their high concentration in feces and potential host specificity. in this study, a real-time pcr assay was designed to target bacteroides species (allbac) present in human, cattle, and equine feces. direct pcr amplification (without dna extraction) using the allbac assay was tested on feces diluted in water. fecal concentrations and threshold cycle were linearly correlated ... | 2006 | 16751534 |
| expression of synthetic neutralizing epitope of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus fused with synthetic b subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin in tobacco plants. | the pentameric b subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (ltb) can be used as an efficient mucosal carrier of either immunogenic or tolerogenic t-cell epitopes. co-delivery of therapeutic proteins with carrier proteins could increase the effectiveness of the antigen. this paper reports the ability of transgenic tobacco plants to express a fusion protein consisting of the synthetic ltb and a synthetic neutralizing epitope of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), causing an enteric d ... | 2006 | 16174563 |
| post-natal development of the porcine microbiota composition and activities. | the current study describes the development of the porcine microbiota and its metabolic activities during the neonatal and weaning period. using 16s rrna-based approaches, we first analysed the ileal and colonic microbiota of neonatal piglets at days 2, 5 and 12 after birth. to further investigate the effect of weaning at 3 weeks of age, 19-day-old piglets (n = 64) were randomly allocated into two groups. half of the piglets remained with their sows throughout the study, while the remaining pigl ... | 2006 | 16817927 |
| comparison of faecal and optimal growth conditions on in vitro pharmacodynamic activity of marbofloxacin against escherichia coli. | the objective of the study was to compare the in vitro activity of marbofloxacin against escherichia coli (e. coli) strains with differing marbofloxacin susceptibility levels under optimal growth conditions and under condition mimicking faecal environment in time-kill kinetic studies. under optimal growth conditions, marbofloxacin exerted a bactericidal concentration-dependent activity against all e. coli strains with bactericidal concentrations equal to 1 or 4 times mic. under faecal growth con ... | 2006 | 16126240 |
| geographical variation in antibiotic resistance profiles of escherichia coli isolated from swine, poultry, beef and dairy cattle farm water retention ponds in florida. | the aim of this study was to assess geographical variation in multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) profiles of livestock escherichia coli as well as to evaluate the ability of mar profiles to differentiate sources of faecal pollution. | 2006 | 16405684 |
| role of coresistance in the development of resistance to chloramphenicol in escherichia coli isolated from sick cattle and pigs. | to determine the cause of persistent resistance to chloramphenicol (cp) after the ban on its use in food-producing animals in several countries. | 2006 | 16454626 |
| characterization of a porcine intestinal epithelial cell line for in vitro studies of microbial pathogenesis in swine. | in vitro studies on the pathogenesis in swine have been hampered by the lack of relevant porcine cell lines. since many bacterial infections are swine-specific, studies on pathogenic mechanisms require appropriate cell lines of porcine origin. we have characterized the permanent porcine intestinal epithelial cell line, ipec-j2, using a variety of methods in order to assess the usefulness of this cell line as an in vitro infection model. electron microscopic analyses and histochemical staining re ... | 2006 | 16215741 |
| antimicrobial resistance in commensal escherichia coli isolated from muscle foods as related to the veterinary use of antimicrobial agents in food-producing animals in austria. | controversy exists on veterinary drug application in food animal production and the relevance for human health of antimicrobial resistant commensals isolated from food. the aim of this study was to analyze antimicrobial resistance in escherichia coli isolated from retail meat of various animal species (including wild roe deer) in austria. our results were analyzed taking into consideration the current practices of austrian veterinarians with regard to their use of antibiotic drugs during pig, po ... | 2006 | 17227214 |
| frequency of enteropathogen detection in suckling and weaned pigs with diarrhea in japan. | fecal samples from suckling (n=153) and weaned (n=116) piglets with diarrhea in japan were examined for shedding of viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens using culture, microscopic, and polymerase chain reaction methods. in suckling piglets, diarrhea was attributed to infection with a single etiologic agent in 60.8% of cases and with combinations of agents in 22.2%. in weaned piglets, diarrhea was attributed to a single etiologic agent in 43.1% and to combinations of agents in 47.4% of cases ... | 2006 | 16921873 |
| correlation of near-infrared spectroscopy with perfusion parameters at the hepatic and systemic levels in an endotoxemic shock model. | to determine the correlation of near-infrared spectrophotometry (nirs) readings from the liver surface with invasive measurements of blood flow and tissue perfusion parameters in an animal model of endotoxemic shock. | 2006 | 17006393 |
| concurrent pathological and bacteriological findings in the urogenital organs and mammary glands of sows culled because of chronic vulvovaginal discharge and swine urogenital disease (sugd): a case study. | the urogenital organs and mammary glands of sows, culled because of excessive vulval discharge, milking problems, and urogenital infections (swine urogenital disease, sugd) in their history (n=1070 sows) were examined. the culled sows were assigned to three groups according to parity: parity 1 (n=356); 2-6 (n=354); and >6 (n=360). necropsy findings associated with these groups were analysed separately. bacteriological examination of vulval discharges was performed. escherichia coli and a large n ... | 2006 | 17052075 |
| a serpin from the gut bacterium bifidobacterium longum inhibits eukaryotic elastase-like serine proteases. | serpins form a large class of protease inhibitors involved in regulation of a wide spectrum of physiological processes. recently identified prokaryotic members of this protein family may provide a key to the evolutionary origins of the unique serpin fold and the associated inhibitory mechanism. we performed a biochemical characterization of a serpin from bifidobacterium longum, an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium that naturally colonizes human gastrointestinal tract. the b. longum serpin was sh ... | 2006 | 16627467 |
| improved multiplex pcr method for the rapid detection of beta-lactamase genes in escherichia coli of animal origin. | we developed 2 variants, a and b, of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method for detecting the beta-lactam resistance genes bla(tem), bla(shv), and bla(oxa) in 122 uropathogenic escherichia coli animal strains. method b yielded 98% specificity and 100% sensitivity, and method a yielded 100% and 89%, respectively. variant b was more accurate (99%) than a (94%). | 2006 | 16678992 |
| cynomolgus monkey cytochrome p450 2c43: cdna cloning, heterologous expression, purification and characterization. | the cdna of cytochrome p450 (cyp) 2c43 was cloned from cynomolgus monkey liver by rt-pcr. the deduced amino acid sequence showed 93% and 91% identity to human cyp2c9 and cyp2c19, respectively. the cdna was expressed in escherichia coli and purified by a series of chromatography steps, yielding a specific content of 11.5 nmol p450/mg protein. the substrate specificity of the purified cyp2c43 was examined in a reconstitution system comprising nadph-p450 reductase, lipid, cytochrome b(5) and cyp2c ... | 2006 | 16751594 |
| dietary probiotic supplementation and resulting effects on performance, health status, and microbial characteristics of primiparous sows. | in an experiment with 33 first-litter sows from day 90 of pregnancy to day 28 of lactation, the influence of a probiotic supplementation on weight performance, feed intake, litter sizes, litter weights, health status and microbiological profile was tested. enterococcus faecium dsm 7134 was supplemented in a concentration of 5 x 10(8) cfu/kg feed to the gestation and lactation diets of gilts. the supplemented sows showed a significant higher improvement of feed intake (4.16 vs. 3.71 kg/day), litt ... | 2006 | 16867076 |
| hlya knock out yields a safer escherichia coli a0 34/86 variant with unaffected colonization capacity in piglets. | escherichia coli a0 34/86 (o83:k24:h31) has been successfully used for prophylactic and therapeutic intestinal colonization of premature and newborn infants, with the aim of preventing nosocomial infections. although e. coli a0 34/86 was described as a nonpathogenic commensal, partial sequencing revealed that its genome harbours gene clusters highly homologous to virulence determinants of different types of e. coli, including closely linked genes of the alpha-haemolysin operon (hlycabd) and for ... | 2006 | 17064280 |
| isolation and characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli from precooked sausages (morcillas). | the aim of the study was to establish the microbiological quality of morcillas, typical argentine sausages, and to investigate the presence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). between october 2001 and october 2002, a total of 100 morcilla samples were analysed. several samples showed high levels of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts, molds and yeasts. the samples analysed contained enterobacteriaceae (100%) and fecal coliforms (81%), indicating inadequate application of the t ... | 2006 | 16943015 |
| design of immunogens that present the crown of the hiv-1 v3 loop in a conformation competent to generate 447-52d-like antibodies. | gp120 is a subunit of the envelope glycoprotein of hiv-1. the third variable loop region of gp120 (v3 loop) contains multiple immunodominant epitopes and is also functionally important for deciding cell-tropism of the virus. 447-52d is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the conserved tip of the v3 loop in a beta-turn conformation. this antibody has previously been shown to neutralize diverse strains of the virus. in an attempt to generate an immunogen competent to generate 447-52d-like antibo ... | 2006 | 16827663 |
| gunshot-related transport of micro-organisms from the skin of the entrance region into the bullet path. | the skin defect of a gunshot entrance wound is caused by the retrograde and anterograde displacement of skin particles. in the present study, we investigated whether gunshots to bacterially contaminated skin are associated with the transport of micro-organisms into the bullet path. the shots were fired into composite models of pig skin and gelatin blocks. the outer surface of the skin was covered with a thin layer of a defined bacterial suspension [green fluorescent protein-labelled escherichia ... | 2006 | 16604364 |
| preventive effects of the probiotic escherichia coli strain nissle 1917 on acute secretory diarrhea in a pig model of intestinal infection. | pretreatment with the probiotic escherichia colistrain nissle 1917 (ecn) was assessed in a pig model of intestinal infection to prevent acute secretory diarrhea. in the model 10(10) colony forming units of the porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli abbotstown (eca) was given via orogastric tube to weaned piglets at day 21 postpartum (-ecn/+eca group, n = 7). forty-eight hours after challenge electrophysiological parameters of isolated intact jejunal epithelia were characterized in ussing chamb ... | 2006 | 16614995 |
| pathotypes and serogroups of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from pre-weaning pigs in north vietnam. | the contribution of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) to pre-weaning diarrhoea was investigated over a 6 month period at five selected commercial piggeries (cps) in north vietnam with at least 100 sows each. diarrhoea was found to affect 71.5% of the litters born during the period of study. of 406 faecal specimens submitted for bacteriological culture, 200 (49.3%) yielded a heavy pure culture of e. coli and 126 (31%) were confirmed by pcr to carry at least one of eight porcine etec virulen ... | 2006 | 16388036 |
| comparison of the compact dry ec with the most probable number method (aoac official method 966.24) for enumeration of escherichia coli and coliform bacteria in raw meats. performance-tested method 110402. | compact dry e. coli/coliform count (ec) is a ready-to-use test method for the enumeration of escherichia coli and coliform bacteria in food. the plates are presterilized and contain culture medium and a cold water-soluble gelling agent. the medium should be rehydrated with 1 ml diluted sample inoculated onto the center of the self-diffusible medium, allowing the solution to diffuse by capillary action. the plate can be incubated at 35 degrees c for 20-24 h and the colonies counted without any fu ... | 2006 | 16512235 |
| oral immunization of mice with plant-derived fimbrial adhesin faeg induces systemic and mucosal k88ad enterotoxigenic escherichia coli-specific immune responses. | the importance of adhesins in pathogenicity has resulted in them being useful targets in the defense against bacterial infections. to produce edible vaccines against piglet diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), plants were genetically engineered to produce recombinant fimbrial adhesin faeg. to evaluate the efficacy of the edible vaccine faeg in mice, the soluble protein extracts were examined by about 15 microg recombinant faeg for each oral immunization dose per mouse. aft ... | 2006 | 16553813 |
| the influence of intramammary lipopolysaccharide infusion on serum ca, p, vitamin d, cytokines and cortisol concentrations in lactating sows. | ten multiparous lactating sows were used to investigate whether intramammary infusion of lipopolysaccharides (lps; escherichia coli 0111:b4; 2.0 microg/kg of body weight) would affect the circulating concentrations of ca, p, 25-hydroxyvitamin d (25-ohd), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), interleukin-6 (il-6) and cortisol. the sows were randomly allotted to either control group (control) or lps-treated group with five individuals per group and were infused with either physiological saline ... | 2006 | 16533325 |
| characterization of fimbriae extracts from porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains carrying f6 (987p) antigen. | fimbrial extracts from porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains carrying f6 (987p) intestinal colonization factor antigen wereobtained using the thermal shock method. the extracts were analyzed by sdspage and immunoblotting using different fimbriae-specific antisera. two major protein bands with molecular masses of 17.5 and 21.9 kda were detected. the 21.9-kda band was identified as the major subunit of f6 fimbrial antigen in strains of serogroups o9 and o141. the 17.5-kda band wa ... | 2006 | 17236156 |
| f4 (k88) fimbrial adhesin faeg expressed in alfalfa reduces f4+ enterotoxigenic escherichia coli excretion in weaned piglets. | transgenic plants are attractive bioreactors to large-scale production of recombinant proteins because of their relatively low cost. this study reports for the first time the use of transgenic plants to reduce enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) excretion in its natural host species. the dna sequence encoding the major subunit and adhesin faeg of f4+ etec was transformed into edible alfalfa plants. targeting of faeg production to chloroplasts led to faeg levels of up to 1% of the total solub ... | 2006 | 16378664 |
| survey on the prevalence of diarrhoea in pre-weaning piglets and on feeding systems as contributing risk factors in smallholdings in central vietnam. | a cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of diarrhoea in pre-weaning piglets, and on management and feeding systems under farm conditions was carried out in thua thien hue province. faecal samples were collected from 63 piglets without, and 90 piglets with diarrhoea to determine the occurrence of salmonella, escherichia coli (e. coli) and different e. coli antigens (k88, k99 and 987p). the prevalence of diarrhoea was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season (33% vs 18%) and the result ... | 2006 | 17165611 |
| correlation of transcutaneous hepatic near-infrared spectroscopy readings with liver surface readings and perfusion parameters in a piglet endotoxemic shock model. | to determine whether transcutaneous liver near-infrared spectrophotometry (nirs) measurements correlate with nirs measurements taken directly from the liver surface, and invasive blood flow measurements. | 2006 | 17105594 |
| reconstruction of a swine sla-i protein complex and determination of binding nonameric peptides derived from the foot-and-mouth disease virus. | no experimental system to date is available to identify viral t-cell epitopes in swine. in order to reconstruct the system for identification of short antigenic peptides, the swine sla-2 gene was linked to the beta(2)m gene via (g4s)3, a linker encoding a 15-amino acid glycine-rich sequence (g4s)3, using splicing overlap extension-pcr (soe-pcr). the maltose binding protein (mbp)-sla-2-(g4s)3-beta(2)m fusion protein was expressed and purified in a pmal-p2x/escherichia coli tb1 system. the purifie ... | 2006 | 16870265 |
| [cloning and expression of the alpha-amylase gene from a bacillus sp. ws06, and characterization of the enzyme]. | a bacillus sp. ws06, which produces an extracellular alpha-amylase, was isolated from the cecum in a piglet. an amyf gene from this bacillus strain was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. an open reading frame composed of 1581 bases, which encodes 526 amino acid residues was found. the amyf gene shows high sequence homologies with other microbial amylase genes, such as bacillus megaterium and bacillus polymyxa (93% and 53% identity). the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that f ... | 2005 | 16496695 |
| missing effects of zinc in a porcine model of recurrent endotoxemia. | chronic human sepsis often is characterised by the compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (cars). during cars, anti-inflammatory cytokines depress the inflammatory response leading to secondary and opportunistic infections. proved in vitro as well as in vivo, zinc's pro-inflammatory effect might overcome this depression. | 2005 | 16242024 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of escherichia coli isolates from swine in ontario. | a total of 318 escherichia coli isolates obtained from diarrheic and healthy pigs in ontario from 2001 to 2003 were examined for their susceptibility to 19 antimicrobial agents. they were tested by pcr for the presence of resistance genes for tetracycline, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and apramycin and of 12 common virulence genes of porcine e. coli. antimicrobial resistance frequency among e. coli isolates from swine in ontario was moderate in comparison with other countries and was higher in is ... | 2005 | 16269706 |
| interaction of enteropathogenic and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli and porcine intestinal mucosa: role of intimin and tir in adherence. | the ileal in vitro organ culture (ivoc) model using tissues originating from colostrum-deprived newborn piglets has proven to be an effective way to study the attaching and effacing (a/e) phenotype of porcine enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) ex vivo. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of intimin subtype and tir in the adherence of epec and shiga-toxin-producing e. coli (stec), isolated from different animal species, to porcine intestinal ivoc. moreover, the role of intimin ... | 2005 | 16113321 |
| experimental infection of enterotoxemic escherichia coli associated with porcine edema disease and its pathologic characteristics in the intestine. | edema disease (ed) has become frequent in japan, but no effective method for experimental infection has been developed. we report here the use of a capsule that resistant against gastric digestion to induce the ed in piglets. four 21-day-old piglets were used. shiga toxin 2e-producing escherichia coli (stec) cell pellet was encapsulated and administered orally. two pigs received 1.0x10(10) cfu for two days, and the others received 3.9x10(8) cfu for three days. the high-dose group caused the typi ... | 2005 | 16327230 |
| adrenocorticotrophic hormone modulates escherichia coli o157:h7 adherence to porcine colonic mucosa. | exposure to stress is associated with susceptibility to disease and one stress mediator, norepinephrine, has been reported to enhance the adherence of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 (ehec) to the colonic mucosa. we tested the hypothesis that adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) and other stress-related hormones may act in a similar fashion. explants of distal colonic mucosa from young pigs were mounted in ussing chambers and their luminal aspect was exposed to ehec strain 700728 for 30 ... | 2005 | 16329163 |
| shiga toxin 2e-producing escherichia coli isolates from humans and pigs differ in their virulence profiles and interactions with intestinal epithelial cells. | thirteen escherichia coli strains harboring stx2e were isolated from 11,056 human stools. this frequency corresponded to the presence of the stx2e allele in 1.7% of all shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) strains. the strains harboring stx2e were associated with mild diarrhea (n = 9) or asymptomatic infections (n = 4). because stec isolates possessing stx2e are porcine pathogens, we compared the human stec isolates with stx2e-harboring e. coli isolated from piglets with edema disease and postwe ... | 2005 | 16332882 |
| inheritance of the f4ab, f4ac and f4ad e. coli receptors in swine and examination of four candidate genes for f4acr. | susceptibility to enterotoxigenic escherichia coli with fimbriae f4ac is dominantly inherited in the pig. a three-generation pedigree was created to refine the position of f4acr on chromosome 13 comprising 202 pigs: eight parents, 18 f1 and 176 f2 pigs. the 17-point analysis indicates that f4acr lies between sw207 and s0283. recombinant offspring specify that the most probable order is sw207-s0075-f4acr-sw225-s0283. we observed six phenotypes for the three fimbrial variants f4ab, f4ac and f4ad. ... | 2005 | 16130451 |
| effects of perfluorohexan vapor on gas exchange, respiratory mechanics, and lung histology in pigs with lung injury after endotoxin infusion. | inhaled perfluorohexan vapor has been shown to improve gas exchange and pulmonary mechanics in oleic acid- and ventilator-induced lung injury. however, in the clinical setting, lung injury frequently occurs in the context of systemic inflammation and consecutive lung injury, which may be induced experimentally by intravenous administration of endotoxin. the authors studied whether vaporized perfluorohexan is efficacious during endotoxin-induced lung injury in domestic pigs. | 2005 | 16129984 |
| virulence characteristics of escherichia coli isolates obtained from broiler breeders with salpingitis. | thirty isolates of escherichia coli from broiler breeders with salpingitis were studied. using the slide agglutination test, the isolates were found to belong to serogroups o1, o2, o5, o36, o45, o53 and o78. pathogenicity for day-old chicks was determined by air sac inoculation and isolates were categorized as having high, intermediate or low virulence. growth on iron starvation medium was observed together with aerobactin production. based on the results of in vitro adherence tests, attachment ... | 2005 | 15563950 |
| cholera toxin improves the f4(k88)-specific immune response following oral immunization of pigs with recombinant faeg. | oral immunization of both humans and animals with non-replicating soluble antigens often results in the induction of oral tolerance. however, receptor-dependent uptake of orally administered soluble antigens can lead to the induction of an antigen-specific immune response. indeed, oral immunization of pigs with recombinant faeg (rfaeg), the adhesin of the f4(k88) fimbriae of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), induces an f4-specific humoral and cellular immune response. this response is acc ... | 2005 | 15626459 |
| assessment of the fitness impacts on escherichia coli of acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes encoded by different types of genetic element. | little is known of the fitness cost that antibiotic resistance exerts on wild-type bacteria, especially in their natural environments. we therefore examined the fitness costs that several antibiotic resistance elements imposed on a wild-type escherichia coli isolate, both in the laboratory and in a pig gut colonization model. | 2005 | 16040624 |
| effects of nitric oxide in 5-hydroxytryptamine-, cholera toxin-, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli- and salmonella typhimurium-induced secretion in the porcine small intestine. | the effects of nitric oxide (no) in the secretory response to the endogenous secretagogue 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht), the enterotoxins heat-labile enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) toxin (lt) and cholera toxin (ct), and various cultures of etec and salmonella serotype typhimurium in the porcine small intestine (sus scrofa) were investigated. in anaesthetized pigs, jejunal tied-off loops were instilled with 5-ht, lt, ct, various cultures of etec or s. typhimurium. pigs were given intravenou ... | 2005 | 16098780 |
| heterologous expression of biologically active porcine lactoferrin in pichia pastoris yeast. | 2005 | 16244999 | |
| experimental comparison of excision and swabbing microbiological sampling methods for carcasses. | bovine sides, ovine carcasses, and porcine carcasses were individually inoculated by dipping in various suspensions of a marker organism (escherichia coli k-12 or pseudomonas fluorescens), alone or in combination with two meat-derived bacterial strains, and were sampled by two standard methods: cotton wet-dry swabbing and excision. the samples were examined for bacterial counts on plate count agar (pca plate counts) and on violet red brilliant green agar (vrbga plate counts) by standard internat ... | 2005 | 16245724 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 does not require intimin to persist in pigs. | 2005 | 15731090 | |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic escherichia coli isolated from sick cattle and pigs in japan. | we examined the 12 antimicrobial susceptibilities of 175 e. coli isolates from sick cattle and pigs by an agar dilution method. resistance was found in 78.3% of isolates for oxytetracycline, 70.3% of isolates for dihydrostreptomycin, and 49.1% of isolates for ampicillin. when compared with healthy animals reported by kijima-tanaka et al., resistance rates for 11 antimicrobial agents were higher in sick cattle than in healthy cattle, and resistance rates for all antimicrobial agents were higher i ... | 2005 | 16276055 |
| identification of the outer-membrane protein pagc required for the serum resistance phenotype in salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis. | serum resistance is a crucial virulence factor for the development of systemic infections, including bacteraemia, by many pathogenic bacteria. salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis is an important enteric pathogen that causes serious systemic infections in swine and humans. here, it was found that, when introduced into escherichia coli, a recombinant plasmid carrying the pagc gene from a plasmid-based genomic library of s. enterica serovar choleraesuis conferred a high-level resistance to the ... | 2005 | 15758232 |
| different effects of surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide in modulation of inflammatory injury in ventilated piglet lungs. | septic acute lung injury (ali) causes high morbidity and mortality in intensive care service as a result of biotrauma and dysfunction in the lungs and other organ systems. we hypothesized that surfactant and/or inhaled nitric oxide (ino) may have different effects in modulation of inflammatory injury in septic ali. twenty-four healthy, 6-9 kg piglets were anesthetized, and intraperitoneally injected with escherichia coli, followed by a low tidal volume ventilation until sepsis and ali developed ... | 2005 | 15777614 |
| effects of ifn-alpha on the inflammatory response of swine leukocytes to bacterial endotoxin. | because low-dose interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) treatment had proved effective in several models of chronic inflammation and autoimmune disease, a possible role of ifn-alpha in modulating the response of swine leukocytes to bacterial endotoxin was investigated in this study. exposure of swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) to low concentrations of human ifn-alpha caused a strong, dose-dependent decrease in cd14 expression, the lowest level being observed at 5 u/ml ifn-alpha. this result ... | 2005 | 15812246 |
| flexibility of prolyl oligopeptidase: molecular dynamics and molecular framework analysis of the potential substrate pathways. | the flexibility of prolyl oligopeptidase has been investigated using molecular dynamics (md) and molecular framework approaches to delineate the route of the substrate to the active site. the selectivity of the enzyme is mediated by a seven-bladed beta-propeller that in the crystal structure does not indicate the possible passage for the substrate to the catalytic center. its open topology however, could allow the blades to move apart and let the substrate into the large central cavity. flexibil ... | 2005 | 15971204 |
| two-cistronic expression plasmids for high-level gene expression in escherichia coli preventing translational initiation inhibition caused by the intramolecular local secondary structure of mrna. | two-cistronic expression plasmids for the wild-type solubilized domain of porcine nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (pscpr) gene in escherichia coli were systematically constructed using a solubilized domain of porcine cytochrome b5 gene (psb5 gene) or a derivative of it as the first cistron to examine their utility for second gene expression preventing the translational inhibition caused by the intramolecular local secondary structure of mrna at the ribosome-binding site (rbs). the mrnas from the ... | 2005 | 15858177 |
| effect of zinc pretreatment on pulmonary endothelial cells in vitro and pulmonary function in a porcine model of endotoxemia. | during endotoxemia, the systemic inflammatory response often leads to severe pulmonary damages. destruction of endothelial cells, interstitial edema, and interstitial alveolitis depress pulmonary circulation and raise extravascular lung water and intrapulmonary shunt. as protective effects of zinc are described in vitro as well as in vivo, this study investigates its impact on septic porcine pulmonary endothelial monolayers as well as on the pulmonary function of endotoxemic pigs. | 2005 | 15680386 |
| structural model of human gad65: prediction and interpretation of biochemical and immunogenic features. | the 65 kda human isoform of glutamate decarboxylase, gad65, plays a central role in neurotransmission in higher vertebrates and is a typical autoantigen in several human autoimmune diseases, such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm), stiff-man syndrome and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type i. in autoimmune diabetes, an attack of inflammatory cells to endocrine pancreatic beta-cells leads to their complete destruction, eventually resulting in the inability to produce sufficient insu ... | 2005 | 15690345 |
| effect of glutamine and spray-dried plasma on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and immune responses of escherichia coli k88+-challenged weaned pigs. | forty weaned barrows (5.32 +/- 0.3 kg bw) at 17 +/- 2 d of age were used to investigate the effects of feeding glutamine and spray-dried plasma on the growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and immune responses of escherichia coli k88-challenged pigs. pigs were allotted to four treatments including: 1) nonchallenged control (nonc); 2) challenged control (chac); 3) 7% (as-fed basis) spray-dried plasma (sdp); and 4) 2% (as-fed basis) glutamine (gln). on d 11 after weaning, all pigs were ... | 2005 | 15705760 |
| impact of dried skim milk in production diets on lactobacillus and pathogenic bacterial shedding in growing-finishing swine. | to determine the possible effects of inclusion of dried skim milk (dsm) in swine diets on indigenous lactobacillus spp. and escherichia coli, and its potential for controlling pathogen shedding and affect animal growth in growing-finishing swine. | 2005 | 16033472 |
| a gntr family transcriptional regulator (pigt) controls gluconate-mediated repression and defines a new, independent pathway for regulation of the tripyrrole antibiotic, prodigiosin, in serratia. | biosynthesis of the red, tripyrrole antibiotic prodigiosin (pig) by serratia sp. atcc 39006 (39006) is controlled by a complex regulatory network involving an n-acyl homoserine lactone (n-ahl) quorum-sensing system, at least two separate two-component signal transduction systems and a multitude of other regulators. in this study, a new transcriptional activator, pigt, and a physiological cue (gluconate), which are involved in an independent pathway controlling pig biosynthesis, have been charact ... | 2005 | 16339930 |
| host immune status influences the development of attaching and effacing lesions in weaned pigs. | attaching and effacing escherichia coli (aeec) has been associated with naturally occurring attaching and effacing (a/e) lesions in weaned pigs, and although a/e lesions have been experimentally reproduced in newborn piglets, such lesions have been much more difficult to induce in older conventional pigs. hence, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of oral administration of dexamethasone on the development of a/e lesions in weaned pigs challenged with a porcine enteropathogenic e. col ... | 2005 | 16113267 |
| two-step enzymatic synthesis of udp-n-acetylgalactosamine. | udp-galnac has been synthesised with high yield from galnac, utp and atp using recombinant human galnac kinase gk2 and udp-galnac pyrophosphorylase agx1. both enzymes have been prepared in one step from 1l cultures of transformed escherichia coli and the udp-galnac produced has been purified by a simple procedure. the method described is a rapid and efficient means to produce udp-galnac as well as analogues like udp-n-azidoacetylgalactosamine (udp-galnaz). | 2005 | 16203137 |
| macrolides and lincomycin susceptibility of mycoplasma hyorhinis and variable mutation of domain ii and v in 23s ribosomal rna. | a total of 151 strains of mycoplasma hyorhinis isolated from porcine lung lesions (weaned pigs, n=71, and finishers, n=80) were investigated for their in vitro susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents. thirty-one strains (28 from weaned pigs and 3 from finishers) showed resistance to 16-membered macrolide antibiotics and lincomycin. the prevalence of the 16-membered macrolide-resistant m. hyorhinis strain in weaned pigs from japanese herds has approximately quadrupled in the past 10 years. seve ... | 2005 | 16141666 |
| changes in patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility and class 1 integron carriage among escherichia coli isolates. | the worldwide use of antimicrobials in different fields has created enormous pressure for the selection of resistance among opportunistic bacterial pathogen. one hundred four e. coli isolates were collected and identified from swine with diarrhea in korea during the period of 2002. the isolates showed highly resistant to streptomycin (99.0%), tetracycline (97.1%), neomycin (91.3%) and carbenicillin (84.6%) in antimicrobial susceptibility test. moreover, all of the isolates showed multiple antimi ... | 2005 | 16131822 |
| attachment strength to pork skin and resistance to quaternary ammonium salt and heat of escherichia coli isolates recovered from a pork slaughter line. | the aim of this study was to determine whether the attachment strength to pork skin, quaternary ammonium salt resistance, and thermal inactivation kinetics (at 65 degrees c) of a range of escherichia coli isolates could be correlated with their temporal stability (persistence) within a pork slaughter line. the genetic lineage of the e. coli isolates was determined using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-pcr. the genotypes were divided into transient and endemic populations based on ... | 2005 | 16300087 |
| [expression of recombinant vp6 gene of porcine rotavirus a with non-antibiotic lactobacillus vector in escherichia coli]. | the antigenic determinants of vp6 gene of porcine rotavirus a was amplified from infected ma 104 cell by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), the product of which was a 1194bp cdna segment. using t-a cloning technique, the pcr product was cloned into pgem-t vector. cloning plasmid pgem-t-vp6 and the prokaryotic shuttle expression vector pw425t between e. coli and lactobacillus, were digested by saci and kpni double enzymes, respectively. the purified vp6 gene was subclon ... | 2005 | 16342756 |
| in vitro evaluation of the binding capacity of saccharomyces cerevisiae sc47 to adhere to the wall of salmonella spp. | saccharomyces cerevisiae sc47 (biosaf) is a commercially available baker's yeast strain (lesaffre, france) that has been used as a probiotic in animal nutrition. it has been previously reported that animals fed with the yeast showed an improved resistance to several enteric infectious diseases. some of the s. cerevisiae strains adhere potentially pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli and salmonella spp. this could be a mechanism through which animals fed with the yeast may become more res ... | 2005 | 17061530 |
| enteroaggregative escherichia coli an emergent pathogen with different virulence properties. | enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) is an emergent bacterial pathogen. the first studies in developing countries with eaec strains, showed that this bacterium was associated with persistent diarrhea. however, new studies showed that eaec may be associated also with acute diarrhea, with both nosocomial and community outbreaks worldwide, and as an important pathogen of diarrheal disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. eaec strains are recognized by their characteristic aggre ... | 2005 | 17061538 |
| structural aspects and biological properties of the cathelicidin pmap-36. | pmap-36 is a cathelicidin-derived host defence peptide originally deduced by a transcript from pig bone marrow rna. the expression of the propeptide in leukocytes, and the structure, antimicrobial activity, and mechanism of action of the mature peptide were investigated. the proform is stored as a dimeric precursor of 38 kda formed by a dimerization site at its c-terminal cysteine residue; it is likely that the mature peptide is dimeric when released. monomeric and dimeric forms of pmap-36 were ... | 2005 | 16128809 |
| susceptibility of escherichia coli from growing piglets receiving antimicrobial feed additives. | concerns regarding an apparent association between the use of antimicrobial feed additives (afas) in food animal production and a concomitant increase in antimicrobial drug resistance among zoonotic enteropathogens have provided the impetus to propose cessation of their use. while afas have been used in food animal production for nearly 50 years, the future use of afas will require an understanding of the effects of different classes of antimicrobials on the antimicrobial resistance of commensal ... | 2005 | 16366853 |
| antibody responses of pigs to defined erns fragments after infection with classical swine fever virus. | antibody responses of pigs to defined erns fragments, after classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection, were studied by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). selection of various e(rns) fragments was based on an immunodominant erns region encompassing three overlapping antigenic regions, amino acids 65 to 145 (erns(aa)65-145) (ar1), 84 to 160 (erns(aa)84-160) (ar2), and 109 to 220 (erns(aa)109-220) (ar3), identified earlier by our group (m. lin, e. trottier, j. pasick, and m. sab ... | 2005 | 15643004 |
| attaching-effacing bacteria in animals. | enteric bacteria with a demonstrable or potential ability to form attaching-effacing lesions, so-called attaching-effacing (ae) bacteria, have been found in the intestinal tracts of a wide variety of warm-blooded animal species, including man. in some host species, for example cattle, pigs, rabbits and human beings, attaching-effacing escherichia coli (aeec) have an established role as enteropathogens. in other host species, ae bacteria are of less certain significance. with continuing advances ... | 2005 | 15629476 |
| conformation and activity of delta-lysin and its analogs. | delta-lysin is a 26-residue hemolytic peptide secreted by staphylococcus aureus. unlike the bee venom peptide melittin, delta-lysin does not exhibit antibacterial activity. we have synthesized delta-lysin and several analogs wherein the n-terminal residues of the toxin were sequentially deleted. the toxin has three aspartic acids, four lysines and no prolines. analogs were also generated in which all the aspartic acids were replaced with lysines. a proline residue was introduced in the native se ... | 2005 | 15629533 |
| investigation of domestic animals and pets as a reservoir for intimin- (eae) gene positive escherichia coli types. | domestic animals belonging to seven different species (cattle, sheep, dogs, cats, pigs, chicken and goats) were investigated as natural reservoirs for attaching and effacing escherichia coli (aeec). for this, 2165 e. coli strains from faeces of 803 animals were examined for the presence of the intimin -(eae) gene as a characteristic of aeec strains. ten percent of the animals were found to excrete aeec, most frequently found in sheep (19.2%) and pigs (17.6), followed by cattle (10.4%), dogs (7.2 ... | 2005 | 15737477 |
| analyses of livestock production, waste storage, and pathogen levels and prevalences in farm manures. | survey results describing the levels and prevalences of zoonotic agents in 1,549 livestock waste samples were analyzed for significance with livestock husbandry and farm waste management practices. statistical analyses of survey data showed that livestock groups containing calves of <3 months of age, piglets, or lambs had higher prevalences and levels of campylobacter spp. and escherichia coli o157 in their wastes. younger calves that were still receiving milk, however, had significantly lower l ... | 2005 | 15746323 |
| antimicrobial-resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli in retail foods. | extraintestinal escherichia coli infections are associated with specialized extraintestinal pathogenic e. coli (expec) strains and, increasingly, with antimicrobial resistance. the food supply may disseminate expec and antimicrobial-resistant e. coli. | 2005 | 15747237 |
| prevalence of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) 0157 in swedish dairy herds. | a prevalence study of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157 (vtec o157) was performed in 371 randomly selected dairy herds distributed throughout sweden. faecal and manure samples were collected and analysed by immunomagnetic separation and culturing. data were recorded for each herd regarding herd size, age of sampled animals and whether, in addition to cattle, the farm kept other animals. vtec o157 was isolated from 33 (8.9%) of the 371 investigated herds. the prevalence was higher (23.3%) ... | 2005 | 15816162 |
| the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in domestic animals and food in serbia. | faecal samples of 2660 domestic animals from 116 farms and 956 samples of food were examined for the presence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). stec was recovered from 126 (15.3%) cattle, 135 (11.3%) pigs, 135 (66.8%) sheep, 31 (73.8%) goats, 4 (1%) chicken, and 15 (1.6%) food samples. of all stec isolates, 21.5, 25.8 and 15% produced enterohaemolysin, alpha-haemolysin, and aerobactin respectively, 1.6% displayed localized adherence (la) to hep-2 cells, 27.6% were sorbitol negati ... | 2005 | 15816163 |
| investigation and application of methods for enumerating heterotrophs and escherichia coli in the air within piggery sheds. | to investigate methods for the recovery of airborne bacteria within pig sheds and to then use the appropriate methods to determine the levels of heterotrophs and escherichia coli in the air within sheds. | 2005 | 15836483 |
| novel preharvest strategies involving the use of experimental chlorate preparations and nitro-based compounds to prevent colonization of food-producing animals by foodborne pathogens. | foodborne diseases caused by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, salmonella, and campylobacter species are of public health and economic significance. shedding of these pathogens during production and slaughter are risks for contamination of products for human consumption. consequently, strategies are sought to prevent or reduce the carriage of these pathogens in food animals before slaughter. experimental products containing chlorate salts have been proven efficacious in reducing concentrations ... | 2005 | 15844824 |