Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| characterization of toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from amazon, brazil. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 50 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from amazon, brazil, was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat) and found in 33 (66%) chickens with titers of 1:5 in 3, 1:10 in 2, 1:20 in 1, 1:40 in 1, 1:80 in 2, 1:160 in 5, 1:200 in 9, 1:400 in 5, 1:80 ... | 2006 | 16629312 |
| characterization of toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from portugal. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 225 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from portugal was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat) and found in 61 chickens with titers of 1:5 in 8, 1:10 in 6, 1:20 in 3, 1:40 in 23, 1:80 in 5, 1:160 in 4, 1:320 in 8, and 1:640 or higher in 4. h ... | 2006 | 16629334 |
| toxoplasma gondii and chlamydophila abortus in caprine abortions in tobago: a sero-epidemiological study. | a sero-epidemiological study was conducted on a goat farm that experienced an abortion epidemic in the 2005 breeding season in tobago. serum samples of goats (aborting and non-aborting) and cats were collected, in addition to the use of stored sera from the farm sampled in 2003 and 2004. farm records on the reproductive and mortality rates for year 2003, 2004 and 2005 were also reviewed. the sera were screened for toxoplasma gondii antibodies using the latex agglutination test (lat), chlamydophi ... | 2006 | 16629987 |
| comparative infectivity of oocysts and bradyzoites of toxoplasma gondii for intermediate (mice) and definitive (cats) hosts. | tachyzoites, bradyzoites (in tissue cysts), and sporozoites (in oocysts) are the three infectious stages of toxoplasma gondii. the prepatent period (time to shedding of oocysts after primary infection) varies with the stage of t. gondii ingested by the cat. the prepatent period (pp) after ingesting bradyzoites is short (3-10 days) while it is long (18 days or longer) after ingesting oocysts or tachyzoites. the conversion of bradyzoites to tachyzoites and tachyzoites to bradyzoites is biologicall ... | 2006 | 16647212 |
| characterization of toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from chile, south america. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 85 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from chile was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat), and found in 47 of 85 (55.3.9%) chickens with titers of 1:5 in six, 1:10 in four, 1:20 in four 1: 40 in three, 1: 80 in nine, 1: 160 in four 1:320 in ... | 2006 | 16672177 |
| serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in the common brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula) from urban sydney, australia. | the common brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula) has well adapted to increasing urbanization, resulting in greater interaction with humans and their domestic pets. wildlife species in urban areas face a higher risk of exposure to zoonotic pathogens and may be affected by parasites hosted by cats (toxoplasma gondii) or dogs (neospora caninum), yet it is unknown to what extent urban t. vulpecula are exposed to these parasites. antibodies to t. gondii and n. caninum were assayed in sera of 142 a ... | 2006 | 16729682 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) from mexico. | antibodies to toxoplasma gondii were determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples from domestic rabbits from 3 rabbit farms in mexico. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 77 (26.9%) of 286 animals. on the farm with the higher rearing standards, the seroprevalence was 18.7%, whereas on the farm with medium standards and another managed by a family, seroprevalence was 39.7 and 33.3%, respectively. this report is the first report concerning the prevalence of antibodie ... | 2006 | 16729701 |
| a probable outbreak of toxoplasmosis among boarding school students in turkey. | in total, 171 students from a boarding school in izmir, turkey, with mild and non-specific symptoms of toxoplasmosis, were screened during september-october 2002. all 171 students were seropositive for toxoplasma gondii igg and igm. of 43 students tested, 40 (93%) had low igg avidity. none showed evidence of ophthalmic involvement. the data suggest that t. gondii may spread rapidly in close living conditions, possibly following exposure to cat litter. this is the largest recent outbreak of toxop ... | 2006 | 16774565 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in cats from colombia, south america and genetic characterization of t. gondii isolates. | cats are important in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection because they are the only hosts that can excrete the environmentally-resistant oocysts. in the present study, prevalence of t. gondii was determined in serum, feces, and tissues of 170 unwanted cats from colombia, south america. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test and found in 77 of 170 (45.2%) cats with titers of <1:5 in 93, 1:5 in eight, 1:10 in 17, 1:20 in 10, 1:40 in seven, 1:80 in four, ... | 2006 | 16797845 |
| comparison of detection methods for toxoplasma gondii in naturally and experimentally infected swine. | results from recent serological surveys and epidemiological studies show that pigs raised in a variety of management systems can be carriers of the tissue cyst stage of toxoplasma gondi. this parasite can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of improperly prepared pork, making detection and removal of infected swine carcasses from the food chain an important food safety issue. several methods are available for detection of t. gondii infected swine, including serological assays, polym ... | 2006 | 16815636 |
| detection of toxolasma gondii in captive wild felids. | toxoplasma gondii can infect all species of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and causes serious diseases in immunocompromized hosts. live tachyzoites derived from serial passage in hela culture were used in the sabin-feldman dye test for detection of toxoplasma gondii antibody in serum samples of 21 captive wild felids including one fishing cat (prion nailurus viverrina), one leopard (panthera pardus), two flat-headed cats (prion nailurus planiceps), 6 tigers (panthera tigris), two leopar ... | 2006 | 17547043 |
| parasites of free-ranging small canids and felids in the bolivian chaco. | parasite surveys of free-ranging wildlife provide important information for monitoring population health. between march 2001 and march 2003, we sampled 10 ocelots (leopardus pardalis), eight geoffroy's cats (oncifelis geoffroyi), a jaguarundi (herpailurus yaguarondi), five pampas foxes (pseudalopex gymnocercus), and three crab-eating foxes (cerdocyon thous) at three sites in the bolivian chaco. the objective of the study was to survey the parasite fauna of these carnivores and compare prevalence ... | 2006 | 17312790 |
| [toxoplasmosis in french guiana. atypical (neo-)tropical features of a cosmopolitan parasitosis]. | toxoplasmosis, a typical cosmopolitan parasitosis, is a major health problem in french guiana. three factors account for this situation, i.e., (1) severity of toxoplasmosis in patients with hiv infection that is particularly prevalent in the area, (2) high risk of congenital transmission as shown by the steadily increasing prevalence of seropositivity in function of age in most of the guianese population and (3) recent identification of severe primary toxoplasmosis infection in immunocompetent p ... | 2006 | 17201300 |
| toxoplasma gondii: partial cross-protection among several strains of the parasite against congenital transmission in a rat model. | rats were immunized with cysts of two toxoplasma strains or with rh strain tachyzoites prior to pregnancy. the litters of the 13 rats that received homologous challenges with cysts during pregnancy, were all protected, whereas of 173 rats that received heterologous challenges with cysts or oocysts, only 21 protected their litters. 38.3 and 17% of rats immunized with the rh and with complete strains respectively, and 57% of control rats challenged with cysts, transmitted the infection congenitall ... | 2006 | 16202411 |
| cyclic nucleotide kinases and tachyzoite-bradyzoite transition in toxoplasma gondii. | the ability of toxoplasma gondii to cycle between the tachyzoite and bradyzoite life stages in intermediate hosts is key to parasite survival and the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis. studies from a number of laboratories indicate that differentiation in t. gondii is a stress-induced phenomenon. the signalling pathways or molecular mechanisms that control formation of the latent bradyzoite stage are unknown and specific effectors of differentiation have not been identified. we engineered a reporter ... | 2006 | 16216248 |
| toxoplasma gondii infection in cats from são paulo state, brazil: seroprevalence, oocyst shedding, isolation in mice, and biologic and molecular characterization. | cats are the most important hosts in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infections in humans and animals. serologic and parasitological prevalence of t. gondii were determined in 237 cats from 15 counties in são paulo state, brazil. antibodies to t. gondii were found in a 1:25 dilution of serum of 84 (35.4%) out of 237 cats by the modified agglutination test (mat). samples of brain, heart, tongue, and limb muscles (total 50 g) of 71 of the seropositive cats were pooled for each cat, digested ... | 2006 | 16289158 |
| direct genotyping of animal and human isolates of toxoplasma gondii from colombia (south america). | genetic analysis of the sag2 locus was performed to determine the prevalence of the main genotypes of toxoplasma gondii (sag2 types i, ii, and iii) associated with humans, cats, birds and guinea pig toxoplasmosis in colombia. this typing was directly performed on clinical samples and autopsy material from human or animals. a total of 50 from 146 samples were positive by specific b1 toxoplasma pcr assay and then were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism in pcr-amplified sag2 produ ... | 2006 | 16310753 |
| prevalence of viable toxoplasma gondii in beef, chicken, and pork from retail meat stores in the united states: risk assessment to consumers. | the prevalence of viable toxoplasma gondii was determined in 6,282 samples (2,094 each of beef, chicken, and pork) obtained from 698 retail meat stores from 28 major geographic areas of the united states. each sample consisted of a minimum of 1 kg of meat purchased from the retail meat case. to detect viable t. gondii, meat samples were fed to t. gondii-free cats and feces of cats were examined for oocyst shedding. initially, 100 g of meat from 6 individual samples of a given species were pooled ... | 2005 | 16419752 |
| exploring the ecologic basis for extreme susceptibility of pallas' cats (otocolobus manul) to fatal toxoplasmosis. | recent efforts by north american zoos to establish a genetically viable captive population of pallas' cats (otocolobus manul) have been compromised by high newborn mortality (approximately 60%), primarily because of toxoplasmosis. the basis for this extreme susceptibility to toxoplasmosis is unknown. in the present study, the general health status of wild pallas' cats in mongolia was evaluated, including assessment of basal hematologic parameters and fecal corticoid metabolite concentrations. th ... | 2005 | 16456157 |
| a serological and fecal parasitologic survey of the critically endangered pygmy raccoon (procyon pygmaeus). | the pygmy raccoon (procyon pygmaeus) of cozumel island, mexico, is among the most endangered carnivores in the world, and causes of its decline are unclear. during 2002 and 2003, we sampled approximately 10% of the remaining population to survey exposure to viral and parasitic pathogens that may have contributed to population decline. we found evidence of exposure to infectious canine hepatitis, canine distemper, feline panleukopenia virus, and toxoplasma gondii. the latter is suggestive of spil ... | 2005 | 16244074 |
| seroprevalence of acquired toxoplasmosis in hiv-infected and apparently healthy individuals in jos, nigeria. | toxoplasma gondii igg antibody seroprevalence was studied in two different populations of 219 hiv-infected patients and 144 apparently healthy individuals (ahis). clinical toxoplasmosis was assessed among the hiv-infected patients. antibodies to t. gondii were detected in 85 (38.8%, 95% ci: 32.36%-45.26%) of the hiv-infected patients and in 30 (20.8%, 95% ci: 14.20%-27.46%) of the ahis. among the aihs, males represented 22.0% of infections compared to females (20.0%) and individuals within age g ... | 2005 | 16252478 |
| attachment and invasion of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum to epithelial and fibroblast cell lines in vitro. | attachment and invasion of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum to a cat and a dog fibroblast cell line and 2 epithelial cell lines (a cat kidney and vero) were compared in vitro using fluorescence antibody methodology. in addition, trypsin treatment of tachyzoites was used to determine whether protein molecules were essential to the process of invasion. the results show that both t. gondii and n. caninum invaded all 4 cell lines, and that pre-treatment of t. gondii tachyzoites with trypsin ca ... | 2005 | 16255816 |
| [toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic animals in the town of vologda]. | 2005 | 16212091 | |
| risk factors for toxoplasma gondii infection in mothers of infants with congenital toxoplasmosis: implications for prenatal management and screening. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether demographic characteristics, history of exposure to recognized transmission vehicles, or illness that was compatible with acute toxoplasmosis during gestation identified most mothers of infants with congenital toxoplasmosis. | 2005 | 15696004 |
| enteric protozoal diseases. | the most common protozoal agents infecting the gastrointestinal tract of cats are giardia spp, cryptosporidium spp, cystoisospora spp, sarcocystis spp, besnoitia spp, hammondia spp, toxoplasma gondii, entamoeba histolytica, and tritrichomonas fetus. | 2005 | 15627628 |
| toxoplasma gondii-like organisms in skin aspirates from a cat with disseminated protozoal infection. | an 8-year-old, male domestic shorthair cat was referred to the matthew j. ryan veterinary hospital of the university of pennsylvania with a 3-day history of lethargy, inappetance, hyperemic skin nodules, coughing, and vomiting. laboratory results included nonregenerative anemia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, and increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. cytology of the skin nodules revealed many spindle- to crescent-shaped proto ... | 2005 | 15902669 |
| intracranial toxoplasma gondii granuloma in a cat. | an 8-year-old cat with recent-onset generalized seizures was diagnosed with a right forebrain mass using magnetic resonance imaging. the mass was excised and upon histologic and immunohistochemical examination shown to be a toxoplasma gondii granuloma. serology supported active t gondii infection. the cat was treated with phenobarbital to control seizures. after definitive diagnosis of toxoplasma granuloma, clindamycin was administered for approximately 1 month. seizures recurred 8 months after ... | 2005 | 15914056 |
| suspected toxoplasma-associated myocarditis in a cat. | clinical toxoplasmosis is commonly reported in the cat, with the most consistent findings being ocular, pulmonic, hepatic, neurological, gastrointestinal and muscular abnormalities. myocarditis, whilst frequently identified at post-mortem examination, has not been identified ante-mortem. in immunocompromised humans, myocarditis associated with toxoplasmosis is not an uncommon complication. in such cases, lymphocytic myocardial infiltration can lead to depressed myocardial function, which can be ... | 2005 | 15922227 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in clinically ill cats in the united states. | to determine regional seroprevalence estimates of toxoplasma gondi-specific igm and igg in clinically ill cats throughout the united states. sample population-sera from 12,628 clinically ill, client-owned cats. | 2005 | 15934615 |
| unexpected oocyst shedding by cats fed toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites: in vivo stage conversion and strain variation. | tachyzoites, bradyzoites (in tissue cysts), and sporozoites (in oocysts) are the three infectious stages of toxoplasma gondii. the prepatent period (time to shedding of oocysts after primary infection) varies with the stage of t. gondii ingested by the cat. the prepatent period (pp) after ingesting bradyzoites is short (3-10 days) while it is long (18 days or longer) after ingesting oocysts or tachyzoites, irrespective of the dose. the conversion of bradyzoites to tachyzoites and tachyzoites to ... | 2005 | 16024176 |
| genetic and biologic characteristics of toxoplasma gondii infections in free-range chickens from austria. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from 11 bio-farms in austria was determined. antibodies to t. gondii assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat) were found in 302 of 830 (36.3%) chickens with titers of 1:10 in 50, 1:20 in 69, 1:40 in 53, 1:80 in 40, 1:160 or higher in 90. hearts of 21 ... | 2005 | 16039065 |
| a decade of discoveries in veterinary protozoology changes our concept of "subclinical" toxoplasmosis. | one of the most compelling topics to emerge from the last decade of veterinary protozoology is disease caused by a zoonotic pathogen, toxoplasma gondii, in otherwise healthy people. these findings may catch the health professions by surprise, because veterinary and medical courses and textbooks typically emphasize that t. gondii infections are subclinical, unless acquired in utero or the patient has a serious immunosuppressive condition. nevertheless, numerous reports in the last decade associat ... | 2005 | 16095840 |
| genetic and biologic characteristics of toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from colombia, south america. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 77 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from colombia, south america was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat), and found in 32 (44.4%) of 72 chickens with titers of 1:5 in 4, 1:10 in 3, 1:20 in 1, 1:40 in 1, 1:80 in 8, 1:160 in 8, 1:320 in 3, ... | 2005 | 16105721 |
| isolation, tissue distribution, and molecular characterization of toxoplasma gondii from chickens in grenada, west indies. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-range chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 102 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from grenada was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat). antibodies were found in 53 (52%) chickens with titers of 1:5 in 6, 1:10 in 4, 1:20 in 4, 1:40 in 4, 1:80 in 15, 1:160 in 9, 1: 320 in 5, 1:640 in 4 ... | 2005 | 16108546 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in raccoons (procyon lotor) from an urban area of northern virginia. | raccoons (procyon lotor) are intermediate hosts for toxoplasma gondii, and clinical toxoplasmosis in raccoons has been reported. a 2-yr serological survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of antibodies to t. gondii in raccoons collected from fairfax county, virginia, a suburban/urban area outside washington, d.c. serum samples from 256 raccoons were examined for t. gondii antibodies at a 1:50 dilution using the modified direct agglutination test. results indicated that 216 (84.4%) of th ... | 2005 | 16108570 |
| effects of high pressure processing on infectivity of toxoplasma gondii oocysts for mice. | high pressure processing (hpp) has been shown to be an effective non-thermal method of eliminating non-spore forming bacteria from a variety of food products. the shelf-life of the products is extended and the sensory features of the food are not or only minimally effected by hpp the present study examined the effects of hpp using a commercial scale unit on the viability of toxoplasma gondii oocysts. oocysts were exposed from 100 to 550 mpa for 1 min in the hpp unit and then hpp treated oocysts ... | 2005 | 16110575 |
| prevention of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: knowledge of risk factors. | infection with toxoplasma gondii is common and usually asymptomatic, although it can have catastrophic consequences in a pregnant woman if passed to her developing fetus. counseling of pregnant women about risk factor reduction may reduce the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis. this study was undertaken to assess and compare the knowledge of obstetricians and internists or family practitioners regarding well-established risk factors for toxoplasmosis infection. | 2005 | 16126501 |
| [risk factors for toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women in armenia, colombia]. | to determine the risk factors associated with acute toxoplasmosis during pregnancy in armenia. | 2005 | 16149277 |
| differential detection of hammondia hammondi from toxoplasma gondii using polymerase chain reaction. | hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii are two related coccidian parasites, with cats as definitive hosts and warm-blooded animals as intermediate hosts. it is difficult to differentiate them by morphological and serological parameters. in the present study, primers were designed to specifically amplify the its-1 region of h. hammondi to differentiate it from t. gondii. attempts were made to detect the presence of h. hammondi dna in the tissues of mice infected with h. hammondi alone, as well ... | 2005 | 16153883 |
| ultrastructural findings in feline corneal sequestra. | (1) to describe the ultrastructural features of corneal sequestra in cats; and (2) to enhance our understanding regarding the pathogenesis of feline corneal sequestration. | 2005 | 16178839 |
| a novel rhoptry protein in toxoplasma gondii bradyzoites and merozoites. | the secretory organelles of toxoplasma gondii orchestrate invasion of the host cell and establish the parasitophorous vacuole. although much has been learned about the roles played by these organelles in invasion by the tachyzoite stage, little is known about the contents or functions of these organelles during bradyzoite development or pathogenesis. we identified a novel protein that localizes to the rhoptries of the bradyzoite stage, but is absent from the tachyzoite stage. this protein, brp1, ... | 2005 | 16182390 |
| oocysts of neospora caninum, hammondia heydorni, toxoplasma gondii and hammondia hammondi in faeces collected from dogs in germany. | faecal samples of 24,089 dogs were examined coproscopically in two veterinary laboratories in germany between march 2001 and october 2004. in 47 dogs, oocysts of 9-14 microm size were found. their morphology was similar to those of hammondia heydorni and neospora caninum. samples of 28 of these dogs were further examined by inoculation into gerbils: seven isolates induced a specific antibody response against antigens of n. caninum nc-1 tachyzoites. this response suggests that the isolates contai ... | 2005 | 16197949 |
| comparison of a commercial elisa with the modified agglutination test for detection of toxoplasma infection in the domestic pig. | the modified agglutination test (mat) and a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were compared for detection of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in naturally-infected market-aged pigs. infected pigs were obtained from commercial slaughter facilities and from farms where infection had previously been detected. infection was confirmed by bioassay in cats. for 70 bioassay positive pigs, 60 were positive by mat (85.7% sensitivity) and 62 were positive by elisa (88.6% sensi ... | 2005 | 15740853 |
| toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. | pregnant women who acquire infection from toxoplasma gondii usually remain asymptomatic, although they can still transmit the infection to their fetuses with severe consequences. given the asymptomatic nature of most toxoplasma infections, primary prevention in pregnant women may lower the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis. both consumption of undercooked meat and unprotected contact with soil are independent risk factors for t. gondii seroconversion during pregnancy, while contact with cat litte ... | 2005 | 15745715 |
| toxoplasma gondii infection in rural guatemalan children. | to determine the prevalence and risk factors for toxoplasma gondii infection in guatemalan children, in 1999 and 2003 we surveyed caretakers and serologically tested children in the san juan sacatepequez area using platelia toxo igg tmb enzyme immunoassay kits. in 1999, of 532 children six months to two years old, 66 (12.4%) were antibody positive. in 2003, in 500 children 3-10 years old antibody prevalence increased from 24% to 43% at age five years then leveled off. by multivariate analysis, d ... | 2005 | 15772325 |
| toxoplasmosis in pallas' cats (otocolobus manul) raised in captivity. | manuls or pallas' cats (felis manul, syn. otocolobus manul) are endangered wild cats from central asia kept and bred in many zoos. despite good breeding success young cats frequently die from acute toxoplasmosis. from 1998 to 2002, a breeding pair in the schönbrunn zoo in vienna, austria, gave birth to 24 kittens; 58 % of kittens died between the 2nd and the 14th week of life, mostly due to acute toxoplasmosis. the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in pallas' cats was examined and a control strategy ... | 2005 | 15796012 |
| differential localization of alternatively spliced hypoxanthine-xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase isoforms in toxoplasma gondii. | a unique feature of the toxoplasma gondii purine salvage pathway is the expression of two isoforms of the hypoxanthine-xanthine-guanine phosophoribosyltransferase (hxgprt) of the parasite encoded by a single genetic locus. these isoforms differ in the presence or absence of a 49-amino acid insertion (which is specified by a single differentially spliced exon) but exhibit similar substrate specificity, kinetic characteristics, and temporal expression patterns. to examine possible functional diffe ... | 2005 | 15814612 |
| maternal inheritance and stage-specific variation of the apicoplast in toxoplasma gondii during development in the intermediate and definitive host. | the structure and location of toxoplasma gondii apicoplasts were examined in intermediate and definitive hosts and shown to vary in a stage-specific manner. immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy studies were used to identify changes in the morphology of apicoplasts and in their enoyl reductase (enr) content during asexual and sexual development. apicoplasts in tachyzoites were small, multimembraned organelles anterior to nuclei that divided and segregated with the nuclei during endodyogeny ... | 2005 | 15821140 |
| effects of cd28 blockade on subsets of naïve t cells in cats. | to determine whether human ctla4-ig ([hu]ctla4-ig) inhibits costimulation-dependent lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, compare the effects of (hu)ctla4-ig with cyclosporine and steroids on cd4+ and cd8+ t-cell lymphocyte proliferation, and determine whether memory t-cell function remains intact in the presence of (hu)ctla4-ig. | 2005 | 15822594 |
| parasitic zoonoses in papua new guinea. | relatively few species of zoonotic parasites have been recorded in humans in papua new guinea. a greater number of potentially zoonotic species, mostly nematodes, occur in animals but are yet to be reported from humans. protozoa is the best represented group of those infecting man, with giardia duodenalis, cryptosporidium parvum, cyclospora cayetanesis, toxoplasma gondii, sarcocystis spp., entamoeba polecki, balantidium coli and, possibly, blastocystis hominis. the only zoonotic helminths infect ... | 2005 | 15831107 |
| feline cutaneous toxoplasmosis: a case report. | a 9-year-old female, domestic short hair cat was presented with sudden onset of polyuria/polydipsia, and hundreds of cutaneous nodules. prior to referral, the cat had had four skin nodules that were treated with steroids. the four skin nodules then multiplied to form more than 100 ulcerated and nonulcerated nodules located all over the trunk. clinical evaluation revealed hypothermia and respiratory distress. cytology from both skin nodules and bronchoalveolar lavage showed macrophages and small ... | 2005 | 15842545 |
| first biologic and genetic characterization of toxoplasma gondii isolates from chickens from africa (democratic republic of congo, mali, burkina faso, and kenya). | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens (gallus domesticus) is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. in the present study, prevalence of t. gondii in chickens from democratic republic of congo, mali, burkina faso, and kenya is reported. the prevalence of t. gondii antibodies in sera of 50 free-range chickens from congo was 50% based on the modified agglutination test (mat); antibody titers were 1:5 in 7, 1: ... | 2005 | 15856874 |
| serologic survey of domestic felids in the petén region of guatemala. | blood samples were analyzed from 30 domestic cats (felis domesticus) from the petén region of guatemala to determine the seroprevalence of common pathogens that may pose a potential risk to native wild felids. eight of the cats had been vaccinated previously; however, owners were unable to fully describe the type of vaccine and date of administration. in addition, blood samples were obtained from two captive margays (leopardus wiedii). samples were tested for antibodies to feline immunodeficienc ... | 2005 | 17315469 |
| toxoplasma gondii infections in chickens from venezuela: isolation, tissue distribution, and molecular characterization. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii, in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 46 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from venezuela was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat). antibodies were found in 16 (32%) chickens with titers of 1:5 in 1, 1:10 in 2, 1:40 in 2, 1:80 in 2, 1:160 in 2, 1:320 in 3, 1: 640 in 2, and 1: ... | 2005 | 16539013 |
| characterization of toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from argentina. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 61 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from provinces of santiago del estero and entre rios, argentina was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat) and were found in 25 chickens; titers were 1:5 in 6 chickens, 1:10 in 1 chicken, 1:20 in 2 chicke ... | 2005 | 16539014 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of toxoplasma gondii from chickens from sri lanka. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 100 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from sri lanka was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat). antibodies were found in 39 chickens with titers of 1:5 in 8, 1:10 in 8, 1:20 in 4, 1:40 in 5, 1:80 in 5, 1:160 in 5, 1:320 in 2, 1:640 or more ... | 2005 | 16539035 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in goats and sheep in zimbabwe. | seroprevalence rates of toxoplasma gondii anti-antibodies in adult goats and sheep from different parts of zimbabwe were determined. a total of 225 (67.9%) of the 335 serum samples tested were positive for anti-t. gondii igg antibodies with the indirect fluorescent antibody test. there were differences in antibody seroprevalences among communal land goats from the different agro-ecological zones (natural regions llb and iii: 80 and 96.7%, respectively; natural region iv: 65.9%; natural region v: ... | 2005 | 16562728 |
| isolation, tissue distribution, and molecular characterization of toxoplasma gondii from free-range chickens from guatemala. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii in 50 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from guatemala was determined. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat). antibodies were found in 37 (74%) chickens with titers of 1:5 (11), 1:10 (7), 1:20 (11), 1:40 (1), 1:80 (1), 1:160 (3), 1:1,280 (2), and 1:2,560 ... | 2005 | 17089774 |
| [prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in cats from olsztyn city]. | 17 serum samples from cats after surgery operations in one of veterinary clinic in olsztyn have been examined. the study on anti-toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin igg presence was carried out by direct agglutination method using the toxo-screen da test. 70.6% positive samples in 1:40 titration, 58.8% in 1:4000 titration and 5.9% questionable result in both dilutions were obtained. | 2004 | 16859040 |
| [selected problems in laboratory diagnostics of toxoplasma gondii infections]. | the article presents chosen problems concerning laboratory recognition of toxoplasma gondii infections. | 2004 | 16862803 |
| seroepidemiology of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in dogs from the state of paraíba, northeast region of brazil. | a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of anti-toxoplasma gondii and anti-neospora caninum antibodies and to investigate the risk factors related to antibodies against t. gondii and n. caninum in dogs of the city of campina grande, state of paraiba, northeast region of brazil. for this purpose, 286 blood samples were collected from dogs during the rabies vaccination campaign, in september 2003, and on this occasion questionnaires addressing epidemiological aspects ... | 2004 | 15894024 |
| [infections with helminths and/or protozoa in cats in animal shelters in the netherlands]. | to determine the prevalence of infections with helminths and protozoa in cats in animal shelters, faecal samples from 305 cats from 22 animal shelters in the netherlands were examined, using a centrifugation-sedimentation-flotation-technique. the association between potential risk factors and the occurrence of an infection was also tested. infections with helminths and/or protozoa were found in 160 samples (52.5%). toxocara cati was found in 86 cats (28.2%), cystoisospora felis in 59 cats (19.3% ... | 2004 | 14737808 |
| detection of high levels of congenital transmission of toxoplasma gondii in natural urban populations of mus domesticus. | the relative importance of different transmission routes of toxoplasma gondii has been a matter for debate. this ubiquitous parasite is generally thought to be transmitted by infective oocysts excreted by the definitive host, the cat. ingestion of undercooked meat has also been considered an important route of transmission in many mammals while congenital transmission has generally been considered relatively rare. experimental studies demonstrate the ability of t. gondii to be transmitted congen ... | 2004 | 15002902 |
| use of molecular and ultrastructural markers to evaluate stage conversion of toxoplasma gondii in both the intermediate and definitive host. | toxoplasma gondii has a complex life cycle involving definite (cat) and intermediate (all warm blooded animals) hosts. this gives rise to four infectious forms each of which has a distinctive biological role. two (tachyzoite and merozoite) are involved in propagation within a host and two (bradyzoite and sporozoite) are involved in transmission to new hosts. the various forms can be identified by their structure, host parasite relationship and distinctive developmental processes. in the present ... | 2004 | 15003495 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in american free-ranging or captive pumas (felis concolor) and bobcats (lynx rufus). | toxoplasma gondii is a major zoonotic agent infecting a wide range of mammals, including wild felids. like domestic cats, wild felids are involved in the complete infective cycle of t. gondii, as they can host in their gastrointestinal tract sexually mature parasites and shed infective oocysts in their feces. in order to evaluate the importance of this wildlife reservoir, 438 serum samples collected between 1984 and 1999 from 438 pumas (felis concolor) and from 58 bobcats (lynx rufus) from north ... | 2004 | 15019138 |
| first cases of animal diseases published since 2000. 6. first update of dog diseases. | in 2003, veterinary quarterly started with the publication of a series of articles reviewing first reports on animal diseases. the articles are arranged in order of animal species. they are regularly updated adding overlooked as well as new first reports. this article is the first update of a review on "first cases" of dog diseases. the following five cases are discussed: dermatitis in a dog associated with an unidentified toxoplasma gondii-like parasite. gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis in a ... | 2004 | 15072137 |
| prevalence of anti-toxoplasma gondii antibody in hunter-killed wild boars, sus scrofa leucomystax, on amakusa island, kumamoto prefecture, japan. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii was surveyed in wild boars (sus scrofa leucomystax) and domiciled cats obtained in various areas of amakusa island, kumamoto prefecture, japan. the antibody titers against t. gondii were measured with a latex agglutination test. among specimens taken from 90 wild boars, 1 (1.1%) was positive and 3 (3.3%)were doubtfully positive. among the specimens from 50 cats, none were positive and 1 (3.3%) was doubtfully positive. these results suggest that the wild boars ... | 2004 | 15107568 |
| rapid immunochromatographic test using recombinant sag2 for detection of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in cats. | an immunochromatographic test using recombinant truncated surface antigen 2 for detection of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii was developed. evaluation of detection of the antibody in mice and cats suggests that this test is rapid, simple, accurate, relatively inexpensive, and suitable for use under field conditions. | 2004 | 14715776 |
| detection of toxoplasma oocysts from soil by modified sucrose flotation and pcr methods. | a detection method of toxoplasma gondii oocysts from soil was evaluated using the sucrose flotation technique with modification involving addition of 0.1% gelatin into washing and floating solutions. pcr was performed on untreated samples and after treatment with polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp), heating and cooling, and nacl. the addition of gelatin in the sucrose solution yielded a higher number of oocysts. a very thin band was observed when dna extract was diluted to 1:1024, indicating the presence ... | 2004 | 15691123 |
| natural igm antibodies in sera from various animals but not the cat kill toxoplasma gondii by activating the classical complement pathway. | sera from swine, rabbit, and dog, that had never been exposed to toxoplasma gondii, demonstrated significant killing of t. gondii tachyzoites in vitro, while cat serum did not. swine and rabbit sera contained natural igm antibody against the tachyzoites, and the classical complement pathway was activated by the binding of natural igm antibody to the tachyzoites, leading to lysis. anti-t. gondii antibodies, induced in swine or cat infected with t. gondii, had no killing effect by themselves but k ... | 2004 | 15029999 |
| molecular and biologic characteristics of toxoplasma gondii isolates from wildlife in the united states. | toxoplasma gondii isolates can be grouped into 3 genetic lineages. type i isolates are considered more virulent in outbred mice and have been isolated predominantly from clinical cases of human toxoplasmosis, whereas types ii and iii isolates are considered less virulent for mice and are found in humans and food animals. little is known of genotypes of t. gondii isolates from wild animals. in the present report, genotypes of isolates of t. gondii from wildlife in the united states are described. ... | 2004 | 15040668 |
| ultrastructural differentiation of toxoplasma gondii schizonts (types b to e) and gamonts in the intestines of cats fed bradyzoites. | the ultrastructural characterisitics of four types of toxoplasma gondii schizonts (types b, c, d and e) and their merozoites, microgamonts and macrogamonts were compared in cats killed at days 1, 2, 4 and 6 after feeding tissues cysts from the brains of mice. schizonts, merozoites and gamonts contained most of the ultrastructural features characteristic of the phylum apicomplexa. all four types of schizonts developed within enterocytes or intraepithelial lymphocytes. occasionally, type b and c s ... | 2004 | 15710440 |
| risk factors for feline coronavirus seropositivity in cats relinquished to a uk rescue charity. | two thousand, two hundred and seven cats from 14 shelters of a major uk cat charity were blood tested for feline coronavirus (fcov) antibodies. data was collated on breed, sex, age, number of cats at original location, outdoor access, health status, and time spent in the shelter prior to sampling (range 0 to 4 years). some cats were also tested for feline leukaemia virus antigen, feline immunodeficiency virus, and toxoplasma gondii antibodies. the effect of these variables on fcov seropositivity ... | 2004 | 15123148 |
| failure of fiv-infected cats to control toxoplasma gondii correlates with reduced il2, il6, and il12 and elevated il10 expression by lymph node t cells. | increased susceptibility to intracellular pathogens in hiv-infected individuals and fiv-infected cats is attributed to a defective t-helper 1 (th1) immune response. however, little is known about specific cytokine responses to secondary pathogens. to address this question, control and fiv-infected cats were challenged with toxoplasma gondii, and lymph node cells analyzed for cytokine mrna expression. twenty-four weeks post-fiv infection, prior to t. gondii challenge, il2 and il12 mrnas were depr ... | 2004 | 15127847 |
| lower respiratory tract infections in cats: 21 cases (1995-2000). | twenty-one lower respiratory tract infections diagnosed in cats at university of sydney veterinary centre between 1995 and 2000 were identified retrospectively. patient records were analysed to determine historical, clinical, clinicopathologic and radiographic features of lower respiratory tract infections. response to therapy was also assessed. infectious agents identified were mycoplasma spp., pasteurella spp., bordetella bronchiseptica, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas sp., mycobacterium t ... | 2004 | 15135354 |
| high prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in a commercial flock of chickens in israel, and public health implications of free-range farming. | little is known of the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in commercially raised chickens. in the present study, the prevalence of t. gondii in 96 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from a commercial farm in israel was assessed. blood, heart, and brain from each chicken were examined for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii, assayed with the modified agglutination test (mat > or = 1:5), were found in 45 of the 96 chickens. hearts and brains of seropositive (mat > or = 1:5) chickens wer ... | 2004 | 15135872 |
| exposure to feline and canine pathogens in bobcats and gray foxes in urban and rural zones of a national park in california. | exposure of bobcats (lynx rufus) and gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) to a range of common canine and feline pathogens was assessed in urban and rural zones of golden gate national recreation area, a national park in the san francisco bay area, (california, usa) from 1992 to 1995. testing included serology for canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus (cpv), canine adenovirus, leptospira interrogans, feline calicivirus (fcv), feline panleukopenia virus, feline herpesvirus, feline enteric co ... | 2004 | 15137484 |
| mva rop2 vaccinia virus recombinant as a vaccine candidate for toxoplasmosis. | toxoplasma gondii is the aetiological agent of toxoplasmosis and is the most frequent and best known of the parasitic diseases. in the united states, a serological survey from the third national health and nutrition examination survey found that an estimated 23% of adolescents and adults have laboratory evidence of infection with t. gondii. although toxoplasmosis is asymptomatic or shows self-limited symptoms in adults, in pregnant women infections can cause severe health problems to the fetus i ... | 2004 | 15151145 |
| variation in the structure of toxoplasma gondii and the roles of selfing, drift, and epistatic selection in maintaining linkage disequilibria. | previous studies of toxoplasma gondii, based on samples dominated by clinical isolates, have concluded that its population structure is clonal, despite the sexual reproduction that occurs in cats. to determine whether this applies to non-clinical isolates, we compared patterns of linkage disequilibrium (ld) among seven loci in samples of t. gondii from brazil and the us. ld was detected in both locations, but it was substantially lower in brazil. the lower ld in brazil can be explained by a high ... | 2004 | 15157628 |
| experimental toxoplasma gondii infection in grey seals (halichoerus grypus). | laboratory-reared animals were used to assess the susceptibility of seals (halichoerus grypus) to toxoplasma gondii infection. four seals were each orally inoculated with 100 or 10,000 oocysts of t. gondii (veg strain), and another 4 seals served as negative controls. occasionally, mild behavioral changes were observed in all inoculated seals but not in control animals. a modified agglutination test revealed the presence of antibodies to t. gondii in sera collected from inoculated seals and mice ... | 2004 | 15165046 |
| isolation and genotyping of toxoplasma gondii from free-ranging chickens from mexico. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the presence of t. gondii oocysts in the environment because chickens feed from the soil. in the present study, prevalence of t. gondii in 208 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from mexico was investigated. blood, heart, and brain from each animal were obtained to test for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii, assayed with the modified agglutination test (1:10 or higher), were found in 13 (6.2%) chi ... | 2004 | 15165070 |
| toxoplasmosis. | toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects up to a third of the world's population. infection is mainly acquired by ingestion of food or water that is contaminated with oocysts shed by cats or by eating undercooked or raw meat containing tissue cysts. primary infection is usually subclinical but in some patients cervical lymphadenopathy or ocular disease can be present. infection acquired during pregnancy may cause severe damage to the fetus. in immunocompromised patients, reactivati ... | 2004 | 15194258 |
| an investigation of sterile immunity against toxoplasmosis in rats. | the non-persistent bk strain was examined for its ability to induce sterile immunity in wistar rats. groups of 2-9 wistar rats were inoculated subcutaneously with 5 x 10(4) bk strain tachyzoites per rat. two months later, 46 rats were dosed by gavage with 2 x 10(1) cysts of the c, me-49, prugniaud, c-56, elg, m-7741 or m3 strains. another 26 rats were inoculated with 10(3) oocysts of the me49, m7741, bear or hopa-hopa strains of toxoplasma gondii. after 2 months, the rats were euthanized and the ... | 2004 | 15208033 |
| massive excystation of toxoplasma gondii sporozoites. | in the present study, several stimuli were tested to liberate toxoplasma gondii sporozoites from oocysts. incubation in na(2)co(3)-co(2) buffer at 40 degrees c with ultrasound, followed by incubation at 40 degrees c with bile or deoxycholic acid, was the only method that resulted in 95% liberation of motile infective sporozoites. a protocol of reproducibly high efficiency is provided, that compares favorably with any of the methods previously published. | 2004 | 15208040 |
| a case of fatal systemic toxoplasmosis in a cat being treated with cyclosporin a for feline atopy. | acute systemic toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in a 4-5-year-old, male, domestic short hair cat, which had been on cyclosporine a immunomodulatory therapy for feline atopy, over an 8-month period. cyclosporin a (csa) has shown promising results as a immunosuppressive agent in the cat for the treatment of eosinophilic plaque and granulomas, allergic cervico-facial pruritus, feline atopy and other immune-mediated dermatoses. however, inhibition of t-lymphocyte function by csa is believed to have predi ... | 2004 | 15214957 |
| cpg-oligodeoxynucleotides enhance porcine immunity to toxoplasma gondii. | protection against a challenge infection with toxoplasma gondii veg strain oocysts was examined in pigs after vaccination with t. gondii rh strain tachyzoites with or without a porcine specific synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) containing immunostimulatory cpg motifs. six groups of pigs were immunized with incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa) and either vehicle, tachyzoites alone or in combination with three different doses of cpg odn or with cpg odn alone. protection from challenge was signif ... | 2004 | 15265571 |
| toxoplasma gondii spreading in an urban area evaluated by seroprevalence in free-living cats and dogs. | infection by the protozoan parasite, toxoplasma gondii is widely prevalent in humans and animals throughout the world. transmission takes place mainly by ingestion of raw or undercooked meat that contains parasite cysts or by ingestion of oocysts excreted in cat faeces, which can contaminate water and raw vegetables. the incidence of toxoplasmosis in urban areas can thus be also related to environmental contamination with oocysts. a direct measure of this environmental contamination by oocyst co ... | 2004 | 15303992 |
| development of a sensitive polymerase chain reaction method for the detection of toxoplasma gondii in water. | toxoplasma gondii is becoming a potential threat for public water supplies worldwide, as demonstrated by the occurrence of waterborne toxoplasmosis outbreaks in developing countries as well as industrialised countries. the aim of the present study was to develop a sensitive molecular approach (pcr) for the detection of toxoplasma oocysts in water. sporulated and unsporulated t. gondii oocysts (strains dx and ahc1) were isolated from faeces of laboratory-infected cats. after purification and enum ... | 2004 | 15318524 |
| prevalence of anti-toxoplasma gondii and anti-neospora caninum antibodies in ovine from são paulo state, brazil. | serum samples from 597 sheep from são paulo state, in the southeastern region of brazil, were tested to determine the prevalence of antibodies directed against toxoplasma gondii (> or = 1:64) and neospora caninum (> or = 1:50) using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). the animals were divided into three groups based on their age: < or = 1 year, 1-4 years, and > or = 4 years. antibodies to t. gondii were observed in 34.7% of the samples with titers ranging from 64 to 16,384 and igg ant ... | 2004 | 15325042 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in wild toque macaques (macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, sri lanka. | from a natural population that inhabits the dry evergreen forest at polonnaruwa, serum samples of 170 toque macaques were examined for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii by the modified agglutination test. of these, 21 (12%) were found with titers of 1:16 in 9, 1:32 in 9, 1:256 in 1, 1:1,024 in 1, and 1:4,096 in 1. there was no evidence of maternal transmission of antibodies or congenital toxoplasmosis. none of the infected macaques died within 1 yr after sampling. toxoplasma gondii infection was c ... | 2004 | 15357087 |
| disseminated toxoplasmosis in a captive ring-tailed lemur (lemur catta). | a 3-yr-old secundiparous female ring-tailed lemur presented to the auburn university small animal clinic with signs of dyspnea, lethargy, and anorexia. the animal died before she could be examined, and a full necropsy was immediately performed. provisional necropsy findings included moderate pneumonia and hepatopathy. acute interstitial pneumonia and focal hepatocellular necrosis were confirmed histologically. lung impression smears, histopathology, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and ... | 2004 | 15357101 |
| toxoplasma gondii infections in cats from paraná, brazil: seroprevalence, tissue distribution, and biologic and genetic characterization of isolates. | cats are important in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii because they are the only hosts that can excrete environmentally resistant oocysts. the prevalence of t. gondii was determined in 58 domestic cats from 51 homes from santa isabel do ivai, parana state, brazil where a water-associated outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis had occurred in humans. antibodies to t. gondii were found with the modified agglutination test in 49 of 58 (84.4%) cats at a serum dilution of 1:20. tissues (brain, heart, a ... | 2004 | 15359466 |
| a cross-sectional survey of anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies in jerusalem cats. | a cross-sectional seroprevalence study of anti-toxoplasma gondii igg antibodies was performed in jerusalem domestic and stray cats. an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) immunodiagnostic technique was used and results analyzed according to specific variables. the overall seroprevalence was 16.8%. after an initial high seroprevalence of 29.7% in kittens after 1-10 days of age, average positive titers dropped to a low of 7.0% at ages 11-60 days. thereafter, average positivity increased cont ... | 2004 | 15381297 |
| [screening for antibodies against zoonotic agents among employees of the zoological garden of vienna, schönbrunn, austria]. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against zoonotic agents in employees of the zoological garden of vienna, schönbrunn, austria. sixty out of 120 employees participated in the study. in 97% of them antibodies to at least one zoonotic agent were identified. only two participants were free of antibodies to the zoonotic agents tested. the following seroprevalences (in brackets) were obtained: viral zoonotic (and potentially zoonotic) agents: influenzavirus a/h1n1 ... | 2004 | 15495931 |
| the roles of cats and dogs in the transmission of toxoplasma infection in kuna and embera children in eastern panama. | to examine the relationship between antibody status and various hypothesized risk factors for toxoplasma gondii infection among two different amerindian populations in eastern panama. following up on earlier research that we conducted, we now explore the role of dogs in the natural transmission of toxoplasma, the role that dogs play in promoting transmission, the interactive effect of cats and dogs, and the accessibility of infective material to children. | 2004 | 15507185 |
| effect of commonly used enhancement solutions on the viability of toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts in pork loin. | retail meat cuts of pork are frequently enhanced with salt solutions to improve flavor and texture and to extend shelf life through reductions in microbial contamination. a study of the effect of commonly used meat enhancement solutions on the viability of toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts was performed using tissues from experimentally infected mice and pigs. brains of t. gondii-infected mice were injected to 110% of the original weight of the brain with solutions containing sodium chloride (1 and ... | 2004 | 15508634 |
| socioeconomic conditions as determining factors in the prevalence of systemic and ocular toxoplasmosis in northeastern brazil. | to determine the prevalence of systemic and ocular toxoplasmosis among 1024 students in the city of natal, northeastern brazil, and correlate it with demographic, socioeconomic and epidemiological risk factors. | 2004 | 15512992 |
| seroprevalences of antibodies against bartonella henselae and toxoplasma gondii and fecal shedding of cryptosporidium spp, giardia spp, and toxocara cati in feral and pet domestic cats. | to compare seroprevalences of antibodies against bartonella henselae and toxoplasma gondii and fecal shedding of cryptosporidium spp, giardia spp, and toxocara cati in feral and pet domestic cats. | 2004 | 15552314 |
| tissue distribution and molecular characterization of chicken isolates of toxoplasma gondii from peru. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of t. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. the prevalence of t. gondii antibodies in sera of 50 free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from peru was 26% on the basis of the modified agglutination test (mat). hearts, pectoral muscles, and brains of seropositive (mat > or =1:5) chickens were bioassayed individually in mice. tissues from the remaining 37 seronegative chic ... | 2004 | 15562600 |
| antigenic evaluation of a recombinant baculovirus-expressed sarcocystis neurona sag1 antigen. | sarcocystis neurona is the primary parasite associated with equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (epm). this is a commonly diagnosed neurological disorder in the americas that infects the central nervous system of horses. current serologic assays utilize culture-derived parasites as antigen. this method requires large numbers of parasites to be grown in culture, which is labor intensive and time consuming. also, a culture-derived whole-parasite preparation contains conserved antigens that could cr ... | 2004 | 15562602 |