Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| intracellular ca2+ storage sites in the carp heart: comparison with the rat heart. | the ca(2+)-releasing mechanisms of the sarcoplasmic reticulum responsible for cardiac muscle contraction in carp were examined and compared with these mechanisms in rats. morphologically, the ventricular muscles of the carp heart are composed of an outer compact and an inner spongy layer. in the present study, ventricular muscle preparations were obtained from the compact layer of the carp heart, because the spongy layer does not contribute significantly to the overall force of contraction. elec ... | 1999 | 10425730 |
| molecular cloning of interleukin 1beta from rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss reveals no evidence of an ice cut site. | the complete coding sequence of rainbow trout il-1beta has been obtained. the gene contains a short 5' utr (97 bp), a 780 bp open reading frame and a 466 bp 3' utr, which includes a polyadenylation signal, 7 attta motifs and an 18 bp poly a tail. the predicted amino acid sequence (260 amino acids) contains 3 potential glycosylation sites, with a predicted molecular weight of 29 kda, and shows between 49 and 56% amino acid similarity to mammalian il-1betas and 57% similarity to carp il-1beta. gre ... | 1999 | 10433801 |
| molecular cloning of carp (cyprinus carpio) cc chemokine, cxc chemokine receptors, allograft inflammatory factor-1, and natural killer cell enhancing factor by use of suppression subtractive hybridization. | 1999 | 10436187 | |
| fathead minnow (pimephales promelas) vitellogenin: purification, characterization and quantitative immunoassay for the detection of estrogenic compounds. | the egg yolk precursor protein, vitellogenin (vtg), was purified from blood plasma of 17beta-estradiol (e2)-treated male fathead minnows (pimephales promnelas) by anion-exchange chromatography on deae-agarose. a rabbit antiserum was raised against their blood plasma and then adsorbed with plasma from untreated (control) males to render the antiserum specific to vtg. the adsorbed antiserum was used to detect fathead minnow vtg (fvtg) in western and dot blotting experiments and in an enzyme-linked ... | 1999 | 10442820 |
| carp liver actin: isolation, polymerization and interaction with deoxyribonuclease i (dnase i). | the aim of this study was to isolate and to characterize actin from the carp liver cytosol and to examine its ability to polymerize and interact with bovine pancreatic dnase i. carp liver actin was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography, followed by gel filtration and a polymerization/depolymerization cycle or by affinity chromatography using dnase i immobilized to agarose. the purified carp liver actin was a cytoplasmic beta-actin isoform as verified by immunoblotting using isotype specific an ... | 1999 | 10446396 |
| nuclear localization of a new c-cbl related protein, carp 90, during in vivo thymic apoptosis in mice. | this study investigates the involvement of the c-cbl protooncogene in thymocyte apoptosis occurring in vivo after hydrocortisone treatment. in the thymus of untreated mice, a few medullary and cortical thymocytes expressed p120cbl, mainly in the cytoplasm. in the cortex, their number and distribution resemble that of apoptotic cells evidenced by tunel staining. the expression of cbl is rapidly increased when apoptosis is triggered by hydrocortisone. this cbl-specific immunostaining was detected ... | 1999 | 10453080 |
| establishment and characterization of 13 cell lines from a green turtle (chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas. | thirteen cell lines were established and characterized from brain, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, liver, gall bladder, urinary bladder, pancreas, testis, skin, and periorbital and tumor tissues of an immature male green turtle (chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomas. cell lines were optimally maintained at 30 degrees c in rpmi 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. propagation of the turtle cell lines was serum dependent, and plating efficiencies ranged from 13 to 37%. the cell lines, ... | 1999 | 10462202 |
| control of segmental expression of the cardiac-restricted ankyrin repeat protein gene by distinct regulatory pathways in murine cardiogenesis. | although accumulating evidence suggests that the heart develops in a segmental fashion, the molecular mechanisms that control regional specification of cardiomyocytes in the developing heart remain largely unknown. in this study, we have used the mouse cardiac-restricted ankyrin repeat protein (carp) gene as a model system to study these mechanisms. the carp gene encodes a nuclear co-regulator for cardiac gene expression, which lies downstream of the cardiac homeobox gene, nkx 2.5, and is an ear ... | 1999 | 10477291 |
| epitheliocystis disease in cultured pacu (piaractus mesopotamicus) in brazil. | epitheliocystis disease was diagnosed in a cultured pacu (piaractus mesopotamicus holmberg, 1893) stock on the basis of gross pathological (greyish-white, pinpoint- or pinhead-sized focal areas, connected strongly to the gill lamellae) and histopathological examinations (hypertrophic cells 10-40 microns in size, having a well-defined wall and a central inclusion or characteristic granular content stained with giemsa). the disease did not occur among fishes (cyprinus carpio l., ctenopharyngodon i ... | 1999 | 10497824 |
| detection of spring viremia of carp virus isolates by hybridization with non-radioactive probes and amplification by polymerase chain reaction. | for detection of spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) dna probes have been constructed using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) amplification technique and cdna cloning in plasmid and phage vectors. the specific primers for amplification of svcv m and g genes were chosen and synthesized. studies were carried out to establish the sensitivity and specificity of viral rna detection in infected cell culture and pathogenic material from fish by the use of non-radioactive prob ... | 1999 | 10509710 |
| nutritional studies on rats and fish (carp cyprinus carpio) fed diets containing unheated and heated jatropha curcas meal of a non-toxic provenance. | unheated and heated (121 degrees c, 66% moisture; 15, 30 and 45 min) jatropha meals of non-toxic provenance from veracruz state in mexico were evaluated using rats and fish. with rats, the weight gain was highest for the casein diet followed by heated (30 min; only this treatment was studied using rats) and unheated jatropha meal containing diets. the protein efficiency ratio (per) for unheated and heated jatropha meal containing diets was 37 and 86%, respectively, of the casein diet. on the oth ... | 1999 | 10517277 |
| molecular characterization of the glycoproteins from two warm water rhabdoviruses: snakehead rhabdovirus (shrv) and rhabdovirus of penaeid shrimp (rps)/spring viremia of carp virus (svcv). | we have determined the complete coding sequences for the glycoprotein (g) genes from two rhabdoviruses that infect warm water aquatic animals, the snakehead rhabdovirus (shrv) and rhabdovirus of penaeid shrimp (rps). surprisingly, the g nucleotide sequence from rps, a virus which has been isolated from diseased shrimp in hawaii on numerous occasions, was over 99% identical to the g nucleotide sequence from spring viremia of carp virus (svcv), a fish virus from europe and asia. this is the first ... | 1999 | 10518707 |
| the possible role of isoforms of cytochrome c oxidase subunit via in mammalian thermogenesis. | a single cdna of cytochrome c oxidase subunit via was characterised from liver, heart and the thermogenic organ of the partially endotherm tuna fish. the amino acid sequence revealed high identity with subunit via from carp and trout, but low identity to subunits vial (liver type) and viah (heart type) of mammalian cytochrome c oxidase. in reconstituted cytochrome c oxidase from bovine heart, the h+/e- stoichiometry is decreased from 1.0 to 0.5 at high intraliposomal atp/adp ratios via exchange ... | 1999 | 10518994 |
| identification and characterization of a fish natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (nramp) cdna. | the mouse lsh/ity/bcg locus regulates natural resistance to intracellular pathogens, and the nramp1 gene was isolated as its candidate. nramp is part of a small family of at least two genes, nramp1 and nramp2. in the present study, a full-length cdna for carp nramp has been isolated and characterized. nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence analysis indicate that the carp nramp encodes a 548 amino acid membrane protein with 12 putative transmembrane domains, two n-linked glycosylation sites ... | 1999 | 10541807 |
| molecular cloning of rabbit carp cdna and its regulated expression in adriamycin-cardiomyopathy. | a full-length rabbit cdna of cardiac adriamycin responsive protein (carp) has been cloned. it shows high levels of identity at the amino acid sequence level (>86%) with the rat, mouse and human homologues. carp mrna levels are highly regulated in adriamycin-cardiomyopathy in rabbits. | 1999 | 10542334 |
| de novo highly complex chromosome rearrangement (ccr) involving five breakpoints with congenital anomalies analyzed by fish. | we report on a child with ptosis, epicanthal folds, depressed nasal bridge, carp-shaped mouth, low set ears, hirsutism, pectus excavatum, and developmental and language delay presenting with a balanced complex chromosomal rearrangement (ccr). r- and g-banding methods and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to document that this is a complex translocation with five breakpoints involving chromosomes 1, 7, 10 and 21. | 1999 | 10546097 |
| investigating site-specific effects of the -x glutamate in a parvalbumin cd site model peptide. | the -x glutamate in a 33-residue model peptide comprising the cd site of carp parvalbumin 4.25 (parvcd) was replaced with aspartate (parvcd-xd) and the effect on calcium-dependent dimerization and calcium affinity assessed. the peptide parvcd demonstrates a 10(5)-fold lower calcium affinity than the same site in the native protein. both the parvcd and parvcd-xd model peptides fail to bind magnesium. the low calcium affinity and failure of the model parvcd site to bind magnesium may be due to hig ... | 1999 | 10562419 |
| seasonal response of carp (cyprinus carpio) ovarian cells to stimulation by various hormones as measured by steroid secretion: tissue culture approach. | to study seasonal variation of steroid secretion by dispersed carp ovarian follicular cells as influenced by carp pituitary homogenate (cph), human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) or 17alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17 alpha,20 betaoh-p). | 1999 | 10571964 |
| detection of casein fragments in an invertebrate and in a vertebrate using in situ hybridization. | using a non-radioactive in situ hybridization procedure it has been demonstrated that both invertebrates such as the mollusc mytilus galloprovincialis and lower vertebrates such as the fish cyprinus carpio express bovine alphas1- and kappa-casein homologous mrnas. in particular, positive results were found in molluscan immunocytes, and in cells located in different fish tissues: intestine, endocrine pancreas and kidney. these findings suggest that the casein genes are highly conserved throughout ... | 1999 | 10573188 |
| cleavage specificity of a myofibril-bound serine proteinase from carp (cyprinus carpio) muscle. | previously, we reported the purification and characterization of a myofibril-bound serine proteinase (mbp) from carp muscle (osatomi k, sasai h, cao m-j, hara k, ishihara t. comp biochem physiol 1997;116b:159-66). in the present study, the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme was determined, which showed high identity with those of other trypsin-like serine proteases. the cleavage specificity of mbp for dibasic and monobasic residues was investigated using various fluorogenic substrates ... | 1999 | 10582314 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes in con a-activated carp (cyprinus carpio l.) leucocytes. | a cdna library was constructed from the message rna (mrna) obtained from con a-induced head kidney (hk) leucocytes of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). differential screening of the cdna was carried out by hybridization against the total cdna probes from normal, con a-uninduced hk leucocytes or con a-induced hk leucocytes of carp. the differential expression patterns of certain cdna clones were confirmed by southern-blot and northern-blot analysis. single-pass of the sequencing analysis and homology se ... | 1999 | 10582319 |
| studies on the effect of growth hormone in vivo and in vitro on lipogenic enzymes and transaminases in a teleost anabas testudineus (bloch). | the specific activities of three lipogenic enzymes, malic enzyme (me), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pdh) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (icdh), in liver and heart and two transaminases (ast & alt) in liver and muscle, were studied in response to the in vivo and in vitro administration of growth hormone (gh) in a teleost anabas testudineus. ovine growth hormone (ogh) in vivo significantly reduced the activities of lipogenic enzymes, except for heart g6pdh, which showed an increase at the hi ... | 1999 | 10596727 |
| evaluation of eukaryotic promoters for the construction of dna vaccines for aquaculture. | we evaluated fish promoters as an alternative to viral promoters in the construction of dna vaccines for aquaculture. a carp beta-actin promoter drove expression of the luciferase gene in live fish tissue to levels comparable to the cmvtk promoter. | 1999 | 10596750 |
| genetic diversity in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | a survey of restriction fragment polymorphism in mitochondrial dna of three subspecies of carassius auratus throughout four provinces in china was undertaken using 17 restriction enzymes. two carp, cyprinus carpio rubbrofuscus and cyprinus carpio carpio, were included as the outgroup. a total of 16 haplotypes was observed: 5 in tetraploids of c. auratus auratus; 8 in hexaploids of c. auratus auratus; and 2 in c. auratus gibelio and c. auratus cuvieri, respectively. the tetraploids and hexaploids ... | 1999 | 10626035 |
| ahtn and hhcb show weak estrogenic--but no uterotrophic activity. | the ubiquitous presence of the polycyclic musks ahtn (6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetraline) and hhcb (1,2,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-b enzopyreen) in surface waters and their identification in human milk fat together with their polycyclic nature, which makes them potential candidates for interference with estrogen receptors, prompted us to assess these compounds for their potential estrogenic effects. we therefore investigated the effects of ahtn and hhcb in era ... | 1999 | 10630711 |
| classification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the intestines of common carp and freshwater prawns. | fifty-four isolates of lactic acid bacteria were obtained from the intestines of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) and freshwater prawns (macrobrachium rosenbergii) in nakorn-pathom province, thailand. all isolates were gram-positive and catalase-negative cocci that did not produce gas from glucose and formed dl or l(+) lactic acid only. most isolates were able to grow in broth at ph 9.6, in 6.5% nacl (w/v) and 40% (w/v) bile. these isolates were divided into six groups (a-f) by sugar fermentati ... | 1999 | 12501375 |
| [comparative study of the crystallin supramolecular structure in the carp, frog, and rat lenses by small-angle roentgen ray scattering]. | the supramolecular structure of crystallins in intact ocular lenses of carp, frog and rat as well as in the interior (nuclear) and outer (cortical) parts of these lenses was studied by the small-angle x-ray scattering method. the results show that the supramolecular structure of crystallins substantially varies both in lenses of different vertebrate species and in various parts of the same lens. in carp lens and in the cortical part of rat lens, crystallins have an ordered supramolecular structu ... | 1999 | 10707284 |
| closed water recirculating system for fish rearing equipped with bioreactor capable of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. | five crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfiicarps had been reared in a closed water recirculating system. the system was equipped with the compact bioreactor using the plate gels capable of both nitrification and denitrification in a single unit. ammonia and nitrite concentrations in the rearing water had been maintained below 0.05 mg-n/l, and nitrate concentration also controlled between 2 and 8 mg-n/l with the bioreactor. as concerns nitrogen budget in the closed system, 95.0% of nitrogen ... | 1999 | 11542800 |
| tgf-beta3 exists in bony fish. | a partial nucleotide sequence of transforming growth factor-beta3 (tgf-beta3) has been isolated from the siberian sturgeon (acipenser baeri), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and european eel (anguilla anguilla), confirming a ubiquitous presence in the ray-finned (actinopterygian) bony fish. the bony fish tgf-beta3 is highly conserved, with some 83-84% nucleotide identity (coding region) and 90-95% predicted amino acid identity to known homeotherm tgf-beta3's. far lower homologies are apparen ... | 1999 | 10614492 |
| electrophoretic determination of estrogen-induced protein in fish exposed to synthetic and naturally occurring chemicals. | in a first step we investigated whether leuciscus idus, a fish routinely used to assess the quality of surface water in germany, is suitable to indicate the presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. an electrophoretic method was used to determine estrogen-induced protein in fish serum (presumed vitellogenin). this method was tested by exposing juvenile l. idus to 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol, 17 beta-estradiol and estrone. nominal concentrations of the steroid were compared with concentrations de ... | 1999 | 10492896 |
| in vitro effects of cadmium and ddvp (dichlorvos) on intestinal carbohydrase and protease activities in freshwater teleosts. | in vitro effects of cadmium (0.5-50 mg/l) and ddvp (0.2-100 mg/l) on the total amylolytic, sucrase and protease activities of intestinal mucosa have been studied for the first time in 11 freshwater teleosts. total amylolytic activity in burbot, crucian carp and common carp, sucrase activity in blue bream and total proteolytic activity in burbot and pike were significantly decreased by cadmium at 50 mg/l. ddvp (at 0.2 mg/l) caused a significant decrease in total proteolytic activity in pike but h ... | 1999 | 10190024 |
| skin grafting in gynogenetic common carp (cyprinus carpio, l.). the development of histocompatible clones. | the fate of skin allografts exchanged among heterozygous and homozygous gynogenetic common carp siblings, and among newly developed inbred strains and f1 hybrids, is described. heterozygous gynogenetic offspring were produced by fertilizing eggs with uv-irradiated sperm and by treating the resulting zygote with a cold shock (0 degree c, 45 min). the temperature shock causes retention of the second polar body, which allows the eggs to develop into normal diploid fry. homozygous gynogenetic offspr ... | 1999 | 2326872 |
| [immunocytology of alpha-endorphin positive hypothalamic fibers of carassius auratus l. and cyprinus carpio l]. | an immunocytological study of the basal hypothalamus of carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio with an alpha-endorphin antiserum shows the different nerve processes belonging probably to the immunoreactive cells of the lateral part of the n.l.t. according to their pathways, two main fibre tracts have been distinguished: many fluorescent fibres converge towards the pituitary gland into which they enter, other fibres run caudally through the tuber towards the nucleus tuberis inferior (baumgarten an ... | 1999 | 97002 |
| effects of variations in the perfusate on the erg and discharge of ganglion cells in carp retina. | 1999 | 25193 | |
| treatment of aquarium water by denitrifying photosynthetic bacteria using immobilized polyvinyl alcohol beads. | during the purification of an aquarium for carp breeding, a relatively high level of chemical oxygen demand (cod) was removed by filtration systems packed with both alginate- and polyvinyl alcohol (pva)-immobilized gel beads of rhodobacter sphaeroides s. low nitrate accumulation was observed in the alginate gel beads packed system due to denitrification, but high levels of nitrate and nitrite accumulation were observed in the pva gel beads packed system. this phenomenon was caused by the inhibit ... | 1999 | 16232449 |
| characterization of ampa receptors on isolated amacrine-like cells in carp retina. | in amacrine-like cells freshly dissociated from crucian carp (carassius auratus) retina, we recorded whole-cell responses to rapid application of glutamate and kainate. currents induced by glutamate, but not kainate, usually showed extremely rapid desensitization, and the mean time constant for the decay of the responses to 10 mm glutamate was 2.77 ms. n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) failed to induce any current even with coapplication of glycine and removal of extracellular mg2 +. 1-(4-aminophenyl) ... | 1999 | 10594649 |
| cytological and biochemical alterations in carassius auratus hepatocytes from exposure to sediment containing dioxins and related compounds. | cytological and biochemical alterations of crucial carp (carassius auratus) hepatocytes were characterized after exposure to sediments from a lake contaminated with dioxins and other industrial chemicals. carp were exposed in 20 l water containing 25, 50, or 100 g of contaminated sediment for 2 and 4 weeks. ultrastructural changes in the liver were characterized by severe enlargement of hepatocytes. alterations in the cell included formation of condensed and irregular cell nucleus, polynuclei, d ... | 1999 | 10473792 |
| 11-ketotestosterone induces male-type sexual behavior and gonadotropin secretion in gynogenetic crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii. | to determine if a gynogenetic teleost might have a sexually bipotential brain, we tested whether implantation of 11-ketotestosterone (kt) induces male-type sexual behavior and gonadotropin (gth) secretion in adult gynogenetic crucian carp, "ginbuna," carassius auratus langsdorfii. kt-implanted female ginbuna were tested for male spawning behavior by pairing them with a stimulus female in which sexual receptivity and attractivity were induced by prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pg) injection. when kt-imp ... | 1999 | 10417231 |
| modulation of desensitization at glutamate receptors in isolated crucian carp horizontal cells by concanavalin a, cyclothiazide, aniracetam and pepa. | in horizontal cells freshly dissociated from crucian carp (carassius auratus) retina, we examined the effects of modulators of glutamate receptor desensitization, concanavalin a, cyclothiazide, aniracetam and 4-[2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio]-2,6-difluoro-phenoxyacetam ide (pepa), on responses to rapid application of glutamate and kainate, using whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. incubation of concanavalin a suppressed the peak response but weakly potentiated the equilibrium response of hor ... | 1999 | 10199629 |
| enantiomeric composition of the polycyclic musks hhcb and ahtn in different aquatic species | synthetic polycyclic musk fragrances are mainly represented by the compounds hhcb (galaxolide(tm)) and ahtn (tonalide(tm)). because of their volume of use and their bioaccumulation potential, there is concern with respect to their environmental safety. hhcb and ahtn are chiral compounds, and gas chromatography using modified cyclodextrins as chiral stationary phases coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry enabled enantioselective analysis even under unfavorable matrix conditions. the gas ch ... | 1999 | 10561711 |
| energetic consequences of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp. | crucian carp (carassius carassius) increases in body depth in response to chemical cues from piscivores and the deeper body constitutes a morphological defence against gape-limited piscivores. in the field, deep-bodied individuals suffer a density-dependent cost when competing with shallow-bodied conspecifics. here, we use hydrodynamic theory and swimming respirometry to investigate the proposed mechanism underlying this effect, high drag caused by the deep-bodied morphology. our study confirms ... | 1999 | 28307880 |
| effects of acute anoxia on heart function in crucian carp: importance of cholinergic and purinergic control. | the objective of this study was to characterize the effects of acute anoxia on contractile and electrical activity in the heart of an anoxia-tolerant fish species, the crucian carp (carassius carassius l.). responses of atrial and ventricular tissue or isolated cells to nacn, adenosine, and carbachol were determined to examine the effects of anoxia on cardiac performance and to clarify the possible role of local purinergic modulation and parasympathetic nervous control in the function of the ano ... | 1999 | 10444553 |
| na+/ca2+ exchange current in ventricular myocytes of fish heart: contribution to sarcolemmal ca2+ influx | influx of extracellular ca2+ plays a major role in the activation of contraction in fish cardiac cells. the relative contributions of na+/ca2+ exchange and l-type ca2+ channels to ca2+ influx are, however, unknown. using a physiological action potential as the command pulse in voltage-clamped heart cells, we examined sarcolemmal ca2+ influx through na+/ca2+ exchange and l-type ca2+ channels in crucian carp (carassius carassius l.) ventricular myocytes. when other cation conductances were blocked ... | 1999 | 10359679 |
| suppression of sustained and transient on signals of amacrine cells by gaba is mediated by different receptor subtypes. | intracellular recordings were made from amacrine cells in the isolated, superfused carp retina, and the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) on sustained and transient on signals of these cells were studied. exogenous gaba application partially suppressed the sustained response of on amacrine cells, which could be completely reversed by picrotoxin (ptx), a chloride channel blocker, and by bicuculline (bcc), a specific gaba(a) receptor antagonist. on the other hand, suppression by gaba of th ... | 1999 | 18763130 |
| [glycine modulates the erg b-waves and on-type bipolar cells in carp retina]. | in the present work we investigated the effects of glycine on the electroretinograms (erg) and light responses of on-type bipolar cells under dark- and light-adapted conditions in superfused, isolated crucian carp retinas. it was revealed that application of 4 mmol/l glycine significantly suppressed the b-waves and the responses of on-type bipolar cells and the effects were blocked by co-application of 20 mumol/l strychnine. in addition, glycine had no apparent action on the piii component (phot ... | 1999 | 11499004 |
| [light and electron microscopic observation of zinc distribution in the carp retina]. | localization of zinc in the carp retina in both light and dark adaptation was investigated using neo-timm sulfate silver method. the results showed that in light adaptation, zinc was preponderantly present in the outer plexiform layer (opl). both terminals of zinc containing photoreceptors and dendrites of bipolar cells usually extend into zinc staining areas in opl. in dark adaptation, zinc staining in retina is blanched or only appeared in cytoplasmic bodies of few cones. there is no significa ... | 1999 | 11498989 |
| interaction of cone signals on l-type horizontal cell in carp retina: experiments and modeling. | intracellular recordings were made from the luminosity type cone driven horizontal cells (lhcs) in the isolated carp retina and model analysis was performed to investigate possible mechanisms underlying the interaction of different cone signals converging onto these cells. it was observed that a green background light enhanced the lhc's red response, and such enhancement was closely related to the activation of green cones. model analysis showed that the activity of both glutamate- and gaba-rela ... | 1999 | 11498964 |
| nasda aquatic animal experiment facilities for space shuttle. | national space development agency of japan (nasda) has been developed aquatic animal experiment facilities for space experiments using nasa space shuttle. vestibular function experiment unit (vfeu) has been firstly designed and developed for spacelab-j mission (sts-47), and 8 days space experiment with carp has been performed. following, the vfeu, aquatic animal experiment unit (aaeu) has been developed to accommodate small aquatic animals second international microgravity laboratory mission (im ... | 1999 | 11542796 |
| hematology and clinical chemistry of cyprinid fish. common carp and goldfish. | evaluation of the clinical status in aquatic species is compromised by the limited diagnostic techniques that can be performed in these species. the hematologic and plasma chemistry parameters can provide predictive information, although these parameters can be highly variable owing to the influence of various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. however, these parameters are fairly stable in acclimated, well-managed fish if stress is reduced during collection and samples are properly collected and ... | 1999 | 11229053 |
| kinematics and muscle dynamics of c- and s-starts of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | an analysis is presented of body curvature, acceleration and muscle strain during fast-starts in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). c- and s-starts were filmed at 200 frames s-1 at 23 degreesc. curvatures and accelerations of mid-body axes were calculated from digitised outlines. maximum accelerations at 0.3 fl (fork length) from the snout were 54 m s-2 for c-starts and 40 m s-2 for s-starts. the total turning angle was approximately 150 degrees in c-starts. this angle was 70 degrees during e ... | 1999 | 9914147 |
| changes in the odorants of boiled carp fillet (cyprinus carpio l.) as affected by increasing methionine levels in feed. | sixty common carp in groups of five in four tanks per treatment were given three diets containing different increasing amounts of methionine. the aroma extract dilution analysis (aeda) of the boiled carp fillets resulted in 32 odorants, of which 26 were identified. ten compounds were quantified using an internal standard (is), and the very low concentrations of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, (z)-1, 5-octadien-3-one, and methional were calculated by the nasally determined detection limit. the concentratio ... | 1999 | 10606586 |
| [reaction to purchase of infected koi carp]. | 1999 | 10596402 | |
| relationship between the structure of some humic compounds and their inhibitory effects on carp catalase. | 1999 | 10594149 | |
| the biomechanics of fast-starts during ontogeny in the common carp cyprinus carpio | common carp cyprinus carpio l. were reared a constant temperature of 20 degrees c from the larval (7 mm total length) to the juvenile (80 mm) stage. body morphology and white muscle mass distribution were measured. fast-start escape responses were recorded using high-speed cinematography from which the velocities, accelerations and hydrodynamic power requirements were estimated. all three measures of fast-start performance increased during development. white muscle contraction regimes were calcu ... | 1999 | 10539954 |
| in vivo bafilomycin-sensitive na(+) uptake in young freshwater fish | in vivo treatment with external bafilomycin a(1), a selective inhibitor of v-atpase h(+) pumps, reduced whole-body na(+) influx by up to 90 % in young tilapia and 70 % in young carp. the inhibition was rapidly reversible, with whole-body na(+) influx rebounding to 280 % of pre-treatment values within 20 min of removal from the bafilomycin. this rebound effect is consistent with the prior accumulation of protons during the period when the cells were exposed to bafilomycin. bafilomycin also inhibi ... | 1999 | 10574743 |
| zn2+ differentially modulates kinetics of gaba(c) vs gaba(a) receptors in carp retinal bipolar cells. | gaba(c) and gaba(a) receptors co-exist in retinal bipolar cells. in the present study the effects of zinc on the kinetics of currents mediated by gaba(c) and gaba(a) receptors were investigated in isolated carp bipolar cells, using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. we observed for the first time that zinc exerted opposite effects on kinetics of the gaba(c) and gaba(a) responses: zinc significantly slowed down activation and desensitization of the gaba(c) response, but accelerated those of the ga ... | 1999 | 10574375 |
| transcription factor pit-1 expression is modulated upon seasonal acclimatization of eurythermal ectotherms: identification of two pit-1 genes in the carp. | a second pit-1 gene in carp (cyprinus carpio), including the complete structural gene and 1.1 kb of promoter region, was identified and completely sequenced. the exon-intron structure was determined, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) experiments suggest that only one pit-1 splice variant is present in carp pituitary. the effect of seasonal acclimatization on the extent of pit-1 gene expression was studied in summer- and winter-acclimatized carp. quantitative rt-pcr ana ... | 1999 | 10572243 |
| effect of zinc on carp (cyprinus carpio l.) erythrocytes. | the effect of zinc exposure on some properties of the carp erythrocyte membrane was studied in vitro. red blood cells plasma membranes were separated from other cellular membranes using a combination of differential and density gradient centrifugation. the purity of obtained plasma membrane preparations was determined by measuring the activity of the marker enzymes. electrophoretic patterns of the main erythrocyte membrane proteins excluded their degradation during the isolation and purification ... | 1999 | 10530892 |
| uncoupling protein 2 from carp and zebrafish, ectothermic vertebrates. | uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) is of demonstrated importance in mammalian thermogenesis, and early hypotheses regarding the functions of the newly discovered ucp homologues, ucp2, ucp3 and others, have focused largely on their potential roles in thermogenesis. here we report the amino acid sequences of two new ucps from ectothermic vertebrates. ucps from two fish species, the zebrafish (danio rerio) and carp (cyprinus carpio), were identified in expressed sequence tag databases at the european mole ... | 1999 | 10524261 |
| cold-induced ependymin expression in zebrafish and carp brain: implications for cold acclimation. | cold acclimation has been suggested to be mediated by alternations in the gene expression pattern in the cold-adapted fish. to investigate the mechanism of cold acclimation in fish brain at the molecular level, relevant subsets of differentially expressed genes of interest were identified and cloned by the pcr-based subtraction suppression hybridization. characterization of the selected cold-induced cdna clones revealed one encoding ependymin. this gene was shown to be brain-specific. the expres ... | 1999 | 10508924 |
| impact of mixture of nickel and chromium on the protein content of flesh and liver of cyprinus carpio during spawning and post-spawning phases. | 1999 | 10501728 | |
| impact of moderate silver carp biomass gradient on zooplankton communities in a eutrophic reservoir. consequences for the use of silver carp in biomanipulation. | we examined the impacts of moderate gradient silver carp biomass (five levels from 0 to 36 g.m-3, i.e. about 0-792 kg.ha-1) on zooplankton communities of the eutrophic villerest reservoir (france). during our mesocosm experiment changes in zooplankton assemblages were dependent on silver carp biomass. in the fishless and low fish biomass treatments, zooplankton abundance increased through time, owing to a peak in cladoceran density, but decreased (mainly cladocerans) at highest fish biomass. cop ... | 1999 | 10488436 |
| tissue-specific changes in rna synthesis in vivo during anoxia in crucian carp. | the overall energy budget for protein synthesis (i.e., transcription plus translation) is thought to consist of fixed and variable components, with rna synthesis accounting for the former and protein synthesis the latter. during anoxia, the downregulation of protein synthesis (i.e., the variable component), to reduce energetic demand, is an important aspect of survival in crucian carp. the present study examines rna synthesis during anoxia by labeling with [(3)h]uridine. a novel synthesis rate c ... | 1999 | 10484485 |
| rodlet cells in the head and trunk kidney of the domestic carp (cyprinus carpio): enigmatic gland cells or coccidian parasites? | rodlet cells have been found in the head and trunk kidneys of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l). from an experimental sample of 50 carps of various ages, we detected these cells in only seven fishes, contradicting the hypothesis that they constitute a normal component of the fish epithelia. the rodlet cells have a typical structure: 12-16 microns in diameter, with a basal nucleus various in form, and an encasing layer of fibrillar structure. the cells contain rodlets, composed of elongated, op ... | 1999 | 10481827 |
| estrogenic potencies of several environmental pollutants, as determined by vitellogenin induction in a carp hepatocyte assay. | estrogenic potencies of several xenoestrogens were determined in vitro, using cultured hepatocytes from a genetically uniform male carp strain (cyprinus carpio). estrogenicity was measured as induction of the yolk protein precursor vitellogenin (vtg), and compared to vtg induction by 17beta-estradiol (e2). the order of estrogenic potency was: methoxychlor (mxcl) > o,p-ddt > chlordecone approximately/= bisphenol-a approximately/= 4-t-pentylphenol. estrogenic potencies of these compounds varied fr ... | 1999 | 10478856 |
| purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of an outer layer protein of carp fertilization envelope. | an outer layer protein of carp fertilization envelope (fe), feo-1, was purified from carp oocytes. the cdnas encoding feo-1 were cloned. the mature protein of feo-1 is 21 kda in molecular weight and contains 177 amino acid residues whose sequence has 58% identity to the outer layer protein of chick vitelline membrane. in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry show that feo-1 is expressed in oocytes and liver. in oocytes, feo-1 is stored in the cortical granules. during cortical reaction, it ... | 1999 | 10471479 |
| radionuclides and trace elements in fish collected upstream and downstream of los alamos national laboratory and the doses to humans from the consumption of muscle and bone. | the purpose of this study was to determine radionuclide and trace element concentrations in bottom-feeding fish (catfish, carp, and suckers) collected from the confluences of some of the major canyons that cross los alamos national laboratory (lanl) lands with the rio grande (rg) and the potential radiological doses from the ingestion of these fish. samples of muscle and bone (and viscera in some cases) were analyzed for 3h, 90sr, 137cs, totu, 238pu, 239,240pu, and 241am and ag, as, ba, be, cr, ... | 1999 | 10466108 |
| effects of synthetic pyrethroids and methidation on activities of some digestive enzymes in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the effects of pyrethroid pesticides (deltamethrin, permethrin and cypermethrin) and an organophosphate ester (methidation) on the activities of carp trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase a and lipase were studied. the enzymes were isolated from the gastrointestinal tract and the effects of the pesticides were investigated during incubation for 5 min. the activity of trypsin was influenced only slightly by the presence of deltamethrin and methidation, whereas permethrin and cypermethrin ... | 1999 | 10466103 |
| simultaneous acute renal and hepatic failure after ingesting raw carp gall bladder. | 1999 | 10462287 | |
| zn2+ differentially modulates glycine receptors versus gaba receptors in isolated carp retinal third-order neurons. | it was previously reported that strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors and gabaa receptors co-existed on carp retinal third-order neurons (amacrine/ganglion cells) (li, p. and yang, x.-l., strong synergism between gabaa and glycine receptors on isolated carp third-order neurons. neuroreport, 9 (1998) 2785-2789.). in this study, the effects of the divalent cation zn2+ on these two receptors were studied in amacrine/ganglion cells acutely isolated from carp, with the use of the whole-cell patch cl ... | 1999 | 10430508 |
| a 30-residue fragment of the carp granulin-1 protein folds into a stack of two beta-hairpins similar to that found in the native protein. | upon air oxidation, a peptide corresponding to the 30-residue n-terminal subdomain of carp granulin-1 spontaneously formed the disulfide pairing observed in the native protein. structural characterization using nmr showed the presence of a defined secondary structure within this peptide. the chemical shifts for most of the alphach protons of the peptide and the protein are very similar, and the observed noe contacts of the peptide strongly resemble those in the protein. a structure calculation o ... | 1999 | 10424355 |
| comparative investigation on spindle behavior and mpf activity changes during oocyte maturation between gynogenetic and amphimictic crucian carp. | the spindle behavior and mpf activity changes in the progression of oocyte maturation were investigated and compared with cytological observation and kinase assay between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimictic colored crucian carp. mpf activity was measured by using histone h1 as phosphorylation substrate. there were two similar oscillatory mpf kinase activity changes during oocyte maturation in two kinds of fishes with different reproductive modes, but there existed some subtle differe ... | 1999 | 10418734 |
| trk-neurotrophin receptor-like immunoreactivity in the gut of teleost species. | neurotrophins, acting through their high-affinity signal-transducing trk receptors, are involved in the development, differentiation and maintenance of discrete neuron populations in the higher vertebrates. furthermore, the presence of trk receptors in some non-neuronal tissues, including the endocrine cells of the gut, could indicate an involvement of neurotrophins also in these tissues. recently, neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptor proteins have been identified in the lower vertebrates and ... | 1999 | 10408916 |
| ultrastructural alterations in the liver and intestine of carp cyprinus carpio induced orally by ultra-low doses of endosulfan. | in order to elucidate the importance of food-borne chemical contamination in fish, cytological and ultrastructural alterations in hepatocytes and enterocytes of common carp cyprinus carpio l. exposed for 5 wk to 0.5 microgram endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzo- dioxyanthiepin-3-oxide) kg-1 food dry weight, equivalent to an ultra-low dosis of 15 ng kg-1 fish d-1, were investigated by means of light and electron microscopy. observations on liver alte ... | 1999 | 10401584 |
| characterization of two zebrafish cdna clones encoding egg envelope proteins zp2 and zp3. | two zebrafish cdna clones encoding homologs of mammalian zona pellucida proteins zp2 and zp3 were isolated from a whole adult cdna library. the zp2 clone encodes a protein of 428 amino acids. unlike other teleost zp2s that contain an n-terminal repetitive domain enriched with prolines and glutamines, the zebrafish zp2 has no such repetitive domain. in the c-terminal non-repetitive domain, the zebrafish zp2 shares 55-76% sequence identity with other teleost zp2s. the zp3 cdna clone encodes a prot ... | 1999 | 10395930 |
| a model for circular dichroism monitored dimerization and calcium binding in an ef-hand synthetic peptide. | ef-hand peptides have been shown to bind calcium and dimerize to form an intact protein domain [shaw, g.s., hodges, r.s. & sykes, b.d. (1990). science, 249, 280-283]. a synthetic 33-residue ef-hand peptide with the sequence of carp parvalbumin cd site demonstrated a seven-fold increase in the apparent calcium dissociation constant with a eight-fold decrease in peptide concentration when fit to a single-site calcium-binding model. this observation is consistent with ef-hand dimerization. this pap ... | 1999 | 10395814 |
| effects of trifluralin on carp: biochemical and histological evaluation. | acute and subacute toxicity of the herbicide trifluralin on fish was investigated in laboratory toxicity tests with carp. median lethal concentrations were determined in acute tests. the 96-h lc50 value was 0.045 (0.036-0.051)mg/l. fish were exposed to subacute concentrations of the herbicide (0.005, 0.01, and 0.02 mg/l trifluralin) in the 14-day toxicity tests and the effects on the relative growth rate, some biochemical parameters [alkaline phosphatase (alp), aspartate aminotransferase (ast), ... | 1999 | 10375424 |
| zebrafish cth1, a c3h zinc finger protein, is expressed in ovarian oocytes and embryos. | the zfcth1 gene is, as the previously cloned carp cth1 gene, related to the mammalian tis 11 family of primary response genes and encodes a protein with two putative ccch zinc fingers. this report describes the rna expression of this gene during oogenesis and early embryogenesis up to gastrulation in the zebrafish (danio rerio). maternal cth1 message is present in the ovary of 1-month-old fish and of adult fish in oocytes at all stages of maturation. in the youngest oocytes the message is locali ... | 1999 | 10370129 |
| size limitations in semicircular duct systems | the present article discusses mechanical requirements and limitations which are applicable to the construction of the system of semicircular ducts, especially to its size. the simplified case of a single, uniform duct system has been considered which can be described by a second order equation of motion. the principal functional quantities for this rotation-sensor are: (1) response speed; (2) sensitivity; and (3) regular flow. the response speed of a single, uniform semicircular duct is characte ... | 1999 | 10366494 |
| recovery of acetylcholinesterase activity in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) after inhibition by organophosphate and carbamate compounds. | 1999 | 10353999 | |
| kinetics of cadmium accumulation and elimination in carp cyprinus carpio tissues. | carp (cyprinus carpio) were tested for cadmium accumulation and elimination during and after a simulated pollution exposure. fish were distributed in two 1000-l indoor concrete aquaria supplied with a continuous flow (8 l min(-1)) of well water. the cadmium concentration was maintained at 53 microg l(-1) in one aquarium and 443 microg l(-1) in the other aquarium for 127 days. the exposure phase was followed by a 43-day depuration period. the cadmium accumulation in liver, kidney and muscle was m ... | 1999 | 10336095 |
| in vitro vitellogenin production by carp (cyprinus carpio) hepatocytes as a screening method for determining (anti)estrogenic activity of xenobiotics. | the yolk protein precursor vitellogenin (vtg) is secreted by the liver of female as well as male fish, in response to estrogenic compounds. in this study, an in vitro assay was developed for measuring vtg induction, using cultured primary hepatocytes from genetically uniform strains of carp (cyprinus carpio). vtg production was measured by indirect competitive elisa, using a polyclonal antiserum against goldfish vtg that cross-reacts with carp vtg. vtg was dose-dependently induced by 17beta-estr ... | 1999 | 10329509 |
| pore-forming properties and antibacterial activity of proteins extracted from epidermal mucus of fish. | among several biological functions, the epidermal mucus of fish may play an important role in host defense, particularly in the prevention of colonization by parasites, bacteria and fungi. in previous work, two hydrophobic proteins of 27 and 31 kda were isolated from carp mucus. this study identified a strong antibacterial activity (0.16-0.18 microm) well correlated with pore-forming properties. here this work was extended to other fish species, four fresh water fish and one sea water fish. afte ... | 1999 | 10327617 |
| direct electrospray-ionization mass spectrometric analysis of the major ganglioside from crucian carp liver after thin layer chromatography. | ganglioside patterns from crucian carp brain, muscle, and liver as well as liver gangliosides of roach, carp, the cichlid oreochromis mossambicus, pigeon, dwarf hamster, and calf were comparatively analyzed by high performance thin layer chromatography (hptlc). to achieve a rapid estimation on potentially interesting ganglioside compounds, electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ms) was directly applied to a chloroform/methanol extract of the major tlc band of crucian carp liver. the spectrum ... | 1999 | 10327597 |
| frontonasal dysplasia, macroblepharon, eyelid colobomas, ear anomalies, macrostomia, mental retardation, and cns structural anomalies. a new syndrome? | we report a brazilian girl, born to normal and non-consanguineous parents and presenting, among other signs, brachyacrocephaly, a wide forehead, hypertelorism, wide palpebral fissures with multiple eyelid colobomas, a broad and high nasal root, an absent nasal tip, a wide columella, a long and smooth philtrum, a carp-like mouth, macrostomia, a thin upper lip with midline notching, submucous cleft of the soft palate, a small and grooved chin, ear anomalies, dandy-walker anomaly, a structural anom ... | 1999 | 10327243 |
| purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of carp hyosophorin. | carp hyosophorin (hsp) is purified from oocytes. it is a highly glycosylated protein (10% protein and 90% carbohydrate) of high molecular weight (>100 kda) and is localized in the cortical granules of oocytes. during cortical reaction carp hsp is exocytosed into the perivitelline space and is rapidly cleaved to the low-molecular-weight forms of 20 to 30 kda. the major part of carp hsp cdna is composed of tandem repeats, the repetitive domain. a repeat is 36 base pairs (bp) in length, which encod ... | 1999 | 10206660 |
| identification and expression analysis of two developmentally regulated myosin heavy chain gene transcripts in carp (cyprinus carpio). | whilst developmentally regulated genes for the myosin heavy chain (myohc) have been characterised in mammalian, avian and amphibian species, no developmental myohc gene has previously been characterised in a species of fish. in this study, we identify two developmentally regulated myohc gene transcripts (named eggs22 and eggs24) in carp (cyprinus carpio) and characterise their expression patterns during embryonic and larval development. the transcripts showed an identical temporal pattern of exp ... | 1999 | 10101107 |
| extracellular levels of amino acid neurotransmitters during anoxia and forced energy deficiency in crucian carp brain. | the crucian carp is one of the few vertebrates that has the ability to survive long periods of anoxia. a devastating event in the anoxic mammalian brain is a massive release of excitatory neurotransmitters, particularly glutamate. using microdialysis to measure extracellular levels of several amino acid neurotransmitters and related compounds in the telencephalon of crucian carp in vivo, we show here that this species avoids a release of glutamate during anoxia, which is probably related to its ... | 1999 | 10095011 |
| zinc-induced damage to carp (cyprinus carpio l.) erythrocytes in vitro. | fish erythrocytes were used to elucidate the effect of zinc ions on the cell antioxidant defence system. it was detected that an increase of the zn2+ concentration (0.01-1 mm) leads to a marked decrease (p < 0.05) in the catalase and the glutathione peroxidase activities. we observed a loss of 14-39% activity of glutathione peroxidase, and 16-20% diminution for catalase. no significant changes were found in case of the superoxide dismutase. incubation of red blood cells with zinc brought about a ... | 1999 | 10092948 |
| characterization of the carp myosin heavy chain multigene family. | we isolated partial coding sequences for 29 carp myosin heavy chain genes (myohcs) and determined the nucleotide sequences around the region encoding the loop 2 of the myosin molecule. the predicted amino acid sequences from the isolated genes all showed very high similarity to those of skeletal and cardiac muscles from higher vertebrates, but not to those of smooth and non-muscle counterparts. among all clones isolated, carp myohc10, myohci-1-3 and myohc30 showed exon-nucleotide sequences ident ... | 1999 | 10072772 |
| lethal effects of mexel 432, an antifouling agent, on embryolarval development of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | embryolarval lethal effects of mexel 432, an antifouling agent, were determined in the laboratory during continuous exposure, beginning at fertilization, under various experimental conditions in eight different spawns of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l). in synthetic water at 24 degrees c and without larval feeding, correlations between lc50 values and the various experimental conditions tested, except mexel 432 concentration, were low. the mean lc50 values were 1.13+/-0.35 mg/liter after 3 d ... | 1999 | 10051358 |
| zinc modulation of ampa receptors may be relevant to splice variants in carp retina. | with the use of the whole-cell patch clamp technique, we examined effects of zinc on ampa receptors of isolated carp retinal horizontal cells, predominantly consisting of flop splice variants. we found that zinc ranging from 30 microm to 1 mm failed to modulate glutamate-induced currents of these cells, which is clearly distinct from the results previously obtained in superior colliculus neurons and xenopus ooctyes. furthermore, glutamate responses remained unchanged when zinc was co-applied wit ... | 1999 | 10025587 |
| body bending during fast-starts in fish can be explained in terms of muscle torque and hydrodynamic resistance | fish fast-starts are rapid events caused by the simultaneous onset of muscle activity along one side of the body. spine curvature and the strain and electromyographic activity in white muscle were measured for fast-starts in the common carp cyprinus carpio. the first bend of the fast-start was powered by muscle on the concave side: muscle fibres on this side were activated and began shortening simultaneously between the length-specific longitudinal sites 0.3l and 0.56l, where l is total body len ... | 1999 | 10021321 |
| estimated intakes of trans fatty and other fatty acids in the us population. | to estimate mean level of trans fatty acid intakes using a representative sample of the us population. | 1999 | 9972183 |
| sublethal effects of phenol on the phospholipid fatty acid composition of carp erythrocyte plasma membrane. | the effect of different concentrations (5, 10, and 20 ppm) of phenol on the carp erythrocyte plasma membrane was examined following exposures of 48 and 96 h. the results indicated that the high concentrations of phenol pollutant led to an increase in phosphatidylcholine (pc) and eliminated phosphatidylinositol (pi), phosphatidylserine (ps), and phosphatidic acid (pa). the data also revealed that arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) was present in the greatest amounts; its quantity in both low and high do ... | 1999 | 9931236 |
| white muscle strain in the common carp and red to white muscle gearing ratios in fish | white muscle strains were recorded using sonomicrometry techniques for 70 fast-starts in the common carp cyprinus carpio l. high-speed cine images were recorded simultaneously for 54 of these starts, and muscle strain was calculated independently from the digitized outlines of the fish. sonomicrometry measurements of superficial muscle strain were not significantly different from the strain as calculated from the theory of simple bending of a homogeneous material: superficial muscle strain thus ... | 1999 | 9929455 |
| the impact of rice pesticides on the aquatic ecosystems of the sacramento river and delta (california). | since the early 1980s, when molinate was demonstrated to have killed carp in agricultural drains, an intensive research effort has been undertaken to assess the impact of rice pesticides on aquatic ecosystems in the sacramento river and delta. no impact has been found that can be clearly attributed to rice pesticides. however, the rice insecticides methyl parathion and carbofuran, and probably also bufencarb, reached levels in the river and delta that, based on laboratory bioassays, would have b ... | 1999 | 9921140 |
| caffeine-sensitive ca2+ stores in carp retinal bipolar cells. | high k+- or caffeine-induced ca2+ signal was studied in freshly dissociated carp retinal on-type bipolar cells using a confocal laser-scanning microscope. in response to 35 mm k+ exposure, a rise in [ca2+]i appeared in both the terminal and soma, but was absent after removal of external ca2+ or in the presence of 100 microm nifedipine. it is indicated that, for high k+-induced increase of [ca2+]i, ca2+ influx through voltage-gated l-type ca2+ channels is essential and ca2+ entry through reversed ... | 1999 | 10716230 |
| freshwater fish trypanosomes: definition of two types, host control by antibodies and lack of antigenic variation. | haemoflagellates of the genus trypanosoma are prevalent in freshwater fishes and are transmitted by leeches as vectors. as demonstrated by sequence comparisons of nuclear small subunit rrna genes, trypanosomes isolated from several fish species at different localities can be divided into at least 2 closely related types, designated type a and type b. a clone derived from a type a isolate from carp (cyprinus carpio) was used to study the anti-parasite immune response in specified pathogen-free ou ... | 1999 | 10633921 |
| the anti-estrogenicity of ah receptor agonists in carp (cyprinus carpio) hepatocytes. | cultured hepatocytes of female carp (cyprinus carpio) were coexposed for 4 days to 200 nm 17beta-estradiol (e2), and concentration ranges of nine known ah receptor (ahr) agonists: 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd), 3,3'4,4'5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 126), 2,3'4,4'5-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb 118), beta-naphthoflavone (bnf), benzo(a)pyrene (bap), benzo(a)anthracene (baa), diindolylmethane (dim), 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzofuran (mcdf) and hexachlorobenzene (hcb). tcdd caused a greater ... | 1999 | 10630570 |