Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| serum protein from leishmania brasiliensis infected hamster that suppress lymphocyte response of normal hamster lymphocytes. | immunosuppression in leishmania brasiliensis (lb) or l. donovani (ld) infected hamsters is correlated with the appearance of two serum protein bands found at 21, 60, 68 and 76 days post lb-infection and with eight bands at 21 days post-ld-infection probably of host origin. a protein band from lb-infected hamster serum isolated by electrofocusing, suppressed the blastogenic response of normal lymphocytes to t and b cell mitogens. | 1986 | 3716539 |
| three-dimensional reconstructions of the mitotic spindle and dense plaques in three species of leishmania. | the ultrastructure of the mitotic nucleus in leishmania braziliensis braziliensis, l. mexicana and l. donovani was studied by serial thin sections and three-dimensional reconstructions of each divisional stage. the structures of the interphase and four stages of dividing nuclei were described. attention was paid to dense plaques and spindle microtubules. at the beginning of the nuclear division, a set of six dense plaques was found in association with spindle microtubules in the vicinity of the ... | 1986 | 3716540 |
| intestinal amyloidosis in hamsters with visceral leishmaniasis. | thirty hamsters about 10 weeks old were inoculated intraperitoneally with leishmania donovani amastigotes and were serially killed after 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 85-90 days. both the small and large intestines were examined grossly, and the histopathology was assessed by light and electron microscopy. the lamina propria and the submucosa of the whole length of the intestinal tract showed a progressive deposition of amyloid, selectively identified by optical and ultrastructural techniques. the pres ... | 1986 | 3718842 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 1986 | 3718868 | |
| leishmaniasis in brazil. xxii: characterization of leishmania from man, dogs and the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) isolated during an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in santarém, pará state. | during epidemiological studies on an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in santarém, pará state, north brazil, isolates of leishmania from two children, three dogs and six naturally infected specimens of the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis were compared, biochemically, by starch-gel enzyme electrophoresis. they have proved to be indistinguishable from each other, and from a reference strain of leishmania chagasi cunha & chagas, 1937 from a case of human visceral leishmaniasis from bahia state, nor ... | 1986 | 3726975 |
| experimental visceral leishmaniasis in the owl monkey. | visceral leishmaniasis developed in eight owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus) after intravenous inoculation with a khartoum strain (wr378) of leishmania donovani. six monkeys died within 93 days, and two monkeys recovered from the disease. clinically, signs were weight loss, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. hematologic findings included anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and lymphocytosis. analysis of serum or plasma revealed hyperbilirubinemia, azotemia, hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, ... | 1986 | 3727315 |
| suppression of lymphocyte proliferative responses by sera from patients with american visceral leishmaniasis. | we examined the effect of sera from 11 patients with american visceral leishmaniasis on mitogen-driven lymphocyte proliferative capacity. all sera inhibited lymphocyte proliferation of patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) when stimulated by either phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin a or pokeweed mitogen. serum was also strongly inhibitory for concanavalin a-pulsed normal volunteers' pmbc. the effect of the serum was not due to cytotoxicity, inadequate nutritional support or altered ... | 1986 | 3728795 |
| effect of monosaccharides on uptake of leishmania donovani promastigotes by murine macrophages. | 1986 | 3733134 | |
| mechanism of action of amphotericin b on leishmania donovani promastigotes. | the growth of leishmania donovani promastigotes in a liquid medium was completely inhibited by amphotericin b at a concentration of 0.3 microgram ml-1 (0.3 microm). continuous release of small molecules that absorb at 260 nm and 280 nm was observed after contact with the drug. uptake of [u-14c]glucose was inhibited in cells treated with the drug. an immediate release of isotopic glucose and its metabolites from preloaded cells could be demonstrated after incubation with amphotericin b (0.4 micro ... | 1986 | 3736592 |
| [experimental assessment of the ability of different species of sandfly to transmit the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis]. | the authors succeeded in transmission of the visceral leishmaniasis agent (kazakh strain of leishmania infantum) through the sand flies phlebotomus longiductus, p. smirnovi and p. papatasi under experimental conditions. infected p. longiductus and p. smirnovi are capable of preserving the agent and infecting the susceptible mammals after the cessation of the 1st and 2nd gonotrophic cycles. p. papatasi transmitted the agent of visceral leishmaniasis only after the cessation of the 2nd gonotrophic ... | 1986 | 3737235 |
| inhibition of lymphokine-induced macrophage microbicidal activity against leishmania major by liposomes: characterization of the physicochemical requirements for liposome inhibition. | resident peritoneal macrophages from untreated mice develop potent microbicidal activity against amastigotes of leishmania major after in vitro treatment with lymphokine (lk) from mitogen-stimulated spleen cells. lk-induced macrophage microbicidal activity was completely and selectively abrogated by treatment with phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidylserine (pc/ps) liposomes. other macrophage effector functions (phagocytosis, tumoricidal activity) were unaffected, as was cytotoxicity by macrophages a ... | 1986 | 3745916 |
| a prospective study of visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area of brazil. | the epidemiology, clinical patterns, and risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis were prospectively studied in an endemic area of brazil. the prevalence of disease was 3.1% for children less than 15 years of age, and the annual incidence was 4.3 cases per 1,000 children. the number of children with disease fluctuated yearly and seasonally, and distribution of the disease varied within the endemic area. risk factors included young age (median, three years) and malnutrition before the onset of dis ... | 1986 | 3745974 |
| susceptibility of cebus nigrivittatus to leishmania infantum. | 1986 | 3746568 | |
| carbocyclic inosine as a potent anti-leishmanial agent: the metabolism and selective cytotoxic effects of carbocyclic inosine in promastigotes of leishmania tropica and leishmania donovani. | carbocyclic inosine is a potent inhibitor for the growth of the promastigote form of leishmania tropica and leishmania donovani. in culture, the ec50 values of carbocyclic inosine are 8.3 x 10(-8) and 1.3 x 10(-7) m for the promastigotes of l. tropica and l. donovani, respectively. on the other hand, it is less toxic towards mouse mammary tumor fm3a cells: the ec50 value is 2.7 x 10(-4) m. carbocyclic inosine is metabolized by leishmania promastigotes to give carbocyclic adenosine-5'-triphosphat ... | 1986 | 3753868 |
| purification and characterization of the extracellular acid phosphatase of leishmania donovani. | a tartrate sensitive acid phosphatase activity was purified from culture supernatants of leishmania donovani promastigotes grown in a macromolecule-free defined medium. purification was accomplished by ultrafiltration, lentil lectin affinity chromatography, and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. this enzyme was determined to be an acid glycoprotein containing 0.37 mg hexose per mg protein. a molecular weight of 134 000 by sucrose density gradient centrifugation was observed, although ... | 1986 | 3762593 |
| molecular karyotype of species and subspecies of leishmania. | the dna karyotypes of three species and several subspecies of new world leishmania were found to be distinct. the karyotypes were more similar among closely related isolates than among more distantly related groups. two classes of chromosomal dna differences were detected among stocks; +/- 50 kb size differences among dnas, some of which were shown to contain homologous sequences, and dnas having no obvious corresponding chromosomal dna in other isolates. a total of 14-24 chromosomal dna bands w ... | 1986 | 3762594 |
| adenine phosphoribosyltransferase-deficient leishmania donovani. | mutant promastigotes of leishmania donovani deficient in adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (aprtase) have been isolated in medium containing 4-aminopyrazolopyrimidine. the generation of aprtase-deficient mutants occurred in two discrete steps. in the first step, clones were isolated with 50% of wildtype levels of aprtase activity. these cells were reselected and colonies totally deficient in aprtase were isolated. partially and totally aprtase-deficient cells exhibited intermediate and complete ... | 1986 | 3766243 |
| 6-thiopurine riboside analogs: their toxicity and metabolism in leishmania donovani and mammalian cells. | 1986 | 3766244 | |
| anti-leishmanial activity of methyl glyoxal. | 1986 | 3770819 | |
| identification and biochemical characterization of the plasma membrane glucose transporter of leishmania donovani. | the plasma membrane glucose transporter of leishmania donovani, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of humans, was specifically labeled, identified, and biochemically characterized. cytochalasin b, a known inhibitor of d-glucose transport in mammalian cells, but not cytochalasin e inhibited the transport of 2-deoxy-d-glucose in the extracellular promastigote form of this organism. hydroxysuccinimidyl-4-azido-benzoate was used to photochemically cross-link [3h] cytochalasin b to the gluc ... | 1986 | 3771563 |
| protein methylation and protein methylases in leishmania donovani and leishmania tropica promastigotes. | we studied the content of acid-stable methylated amino acids of soluble proteins in promastigotes of leishmania donovani and l. tropica. epsilon-n-trimethyllysine and ng,ng-dimethylarginine were found in both leishmania species after culture in the presence of [methyl-14c]methionine. in addition, 3-n-methylhistidine was found only in l. tropica and epsilon-n-dimethyllysine only in proteins of l. donovani. as sinefungin, an antileishmanial nucleoside antibiotic, is a known transmethylase inhibito ... | 1986 | 3773934 |
| leishmania major and l. donovani: effects on proteolytic enzymes of phlebotomus papatasi (diptera, psychodidae). | phlebotomus papatasi is susceptible to leishmania major which it transmits in nature, but is resistant to l. donovani. the present study compares the effect of l. major and l. donovani on the proteolytic activity of p. papatasi gut enzymes. the experiments measured digestion of c14-labeled globin by gut homogenates of flies. homogenates were prepared from flies fed on serum only (controls) or from flies fed serum containing promastigotes or their dried culture overlayer. in other experiments, th ... | 1986 | 3780930 |
| toxic effects of fatty acids on leishmania donovani promastigotes. | 1986 | 3781591 | |
| new perspectives on a subclinical form of visceral leishmaniasis. | during an epidemiological study of visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic region of brazil, new perspectives emerged on a subclinical form of the disease. a group of 86 children with antibody to leishmania were identified. none of these children had a history of leishmaniasis. the children were segregated into four groups: one group remained asymptomatic (n = 20), whereas another developed classic kala-azar within weeks of the index serology (n = 15). the remaining 51 patients initially had subcli ... | 1986 | 3782864 |
| immunological investigation of visceral leishmaniasis among school children in alexandria. | 1986 | 3782899 | |
| chromosome location of four genes in leishmania. | chromosome-sized dna molecules from leishmania isolates (l. mexicana amazonensis, l. mexicana mexicana, l. chagasi, l. major, l. donovani, and l. braziliensis) were separated by orthogonal field alternation gel electrophoresis. the chromosome locations of four genes were mapped. the alpha-tubulin and rrna genes each mapped to a single chromosome size class. the beta-tubulin and the 5'-spliced-leader-sequence genes were found on more than one chromosome size class and showed variation of hybridiz ... | 1986 | 3785294 |
| leishmania donovani: immunization against infection as a function of parasite growth phase. | c57bl/6 mice were immunized against leishmania donovani infection with a subcutaneous vaccination protocol. groups received 3 injections at 4-day intervals combining glucan and killed promastigotes harvested from either logarithmic or stationary phase cultures. controls were immunized with glucan alone, stationary or log phase promastigotes alone, or were untreated. all groups were challenged intravenously with stationary phase promastigotes at day 45 post-immunization. results revealed that ani ... | 1986 | 3789267 |
| comparison of extracellular acid phosphatases from various isolates of leishmania. | forty isolates of leishmania, representing all major species infecting humans and one parasite of lizards, were examined for their ability to secrete an extracellular acid phosphatase activity. this enzyme, which was originally described and characterized from a sudanese strain of l. donovani, was detected in the culture supernatants of all species of promastigotes examined except for l. major and l. tarentolae. there were quantitative differences among species in their levels of enzyme activity ... | 1986 | 3789268 |
| humoral factors during south american visceral leishmaniasis. | 1986 | 3789849 | |
| studies on exoantigens of leishmania donovani. | 1986 | 3793129 | |
| sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) associated with visceral leishmaniasis in el agamy, alexandria governorate, egypt. i. population ecology. | 1986 | 3795230 | |
| sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) associated with visceral leishmaniasis in el agamy, alexandria governorate, egypt. iii. experimental leishmania infections and vector status. | 1986 | 3795232 | |
| leishmania in the old world: 4. the distribution of l. donovani sensu lato zymodemes. | isoenzyme profiles of 67 stocks of leishmania donovani sensu lato from across the old world were compared with those of reference strains of l. donovani sensu stricto, l. infantum, l. major, l. tropica and l. aethiopica using starch-gel electrophoresis of 13 enzymes (gpi, gd, es, pgm, pepd, nh, asat, alat, pk, mpi, 6pgd, sod, mdh). 12 zymodemes were seen. isolates from man, canis familiaris, vulpes vulpes, rattus rattus, arvicanthis sp. and phlebotomus martini were examined. several zymodemes co ... | 1986 | 3798531 |
| leishmaniasis in sardinia: ii. natural infection of phlebotomus perniciosus newstead, 1911, by leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, in the province of cagliari. | two promastigote-infected specimens of phlebotomus perniciosus newstead, 1911, were found in the province of cagliari, italy. the parasites from one specimen were successfully cultured in a hamster. the isolate was typed on 11 enzymes and shown to be identical with the reference strain of leishmania infantum s.st. this is the first typing of a leishmanial organism from naturally infected p. perniciosus. | 1986 | 3798544 |
| [serological, clinical and epidemiologic analysis of 53 cases of kala-azar in the arab republic of yemen]. | the visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is present in republic arab of yemen. on 53 cases diagnosed during 21 months in taez republican hospital the disease is affecting essentially children (55 under five years old) with predominant focus in the area of charaab and qobeita. serology using passive hemagglutination is helpful for the diagnosis when the rate is higher or equal to 1/64e. the problem of wrong positive reaction in cases of lymphoblastic leukemia and hodgkin is noticed. | 1986 | 3802310 |
| concurrent human infection with leishmania donovani and leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. | in the suburban district of campo grande, municipality of rio de janeiro (brazil) cases of both leishmania domovani and l. b. braziliensis infections occur. in march 1982 we examined a white male child, five years old, with fever, weight loss and distended abdomen, symptoms said to have started three months before. after the first month a papular lesion appeared on his forehead, rapidly increasing in size and becoming ulcerated: parasites were isolated from both the ulcer and the bone marrow by ... | 1986 | 3675032 |
| leishmania infantum, causative organism of visceral leishmaniasis at biskra (algeria) | 1986 | 3603629 | |
| two episodes of cutaneous leishmaniasis in man caused by different zymodemes of leishmania infantum s.l. | 1986 | 3603630 | |
| elisa titres to polysaccharide antigens of leishmania donovani promastigotes in kala-azar. | 1986 | 3603654 | |
| active cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil, induced by leishmania donovani chagasi. | l.d. chagasi was isolated from active cutaneous leishmaniasis in both human and canine infections in an endemic area in rio de janeiro, brazil. both isolates were identified by molecular and immunological characterization of the parasite using three different methods: electrophoretic mobility of isoenzymes; restriction endonuclease fragment analysis of kdna and serodeme analysis using monoclonal antibodies. this seems to be the first well documented case in the new world of a "viscerotropic" lei ... | 1986 | 3574128 |
| characterization of inositol lipids from leishmania donovani promastigotes: identification of an inositol sphingophospholipid. | inositol lipids account for 15% of the total cellular phospholipids of leishmania donovani promastigotes. four major inositol lipids were identified and characterized: phosphatidylinositol (pi), phosphatidylinositol phosphate (pi-p), phosphatidylinositol diphosphate (pi-p2), and an inositol sphingophospholipid (insl). diacyl and alkyl acyl pi were identified. the major esterified fatty acids of pi, pi-p, and pi-p2 were similar and unlike those of mammalian inositol glycerolipids. leishmania inos ... | 1986 | 3559392 |
| anti-parasite activity of nucleoside analogues: the metabolism of carbocyclic inosine in promastigotes of leishmania tropica and leishmania donovani and its activity against amastigotes of leishmania donovani in vitro. | carbocyclic inosine is a potent inhibitor for the growth of the promastigote form of leishmania tropica and leishmania donovani. in culture, the ec50 values of carbocyclic inosine are 8.3 x 10(-8) and 1.3 x 10(-7) m for the promastigotes of l. tropica and l. donovani, respectively. on the other hand, it is less toxic towards mouse mammary tumor fm3a cells: the ec50 value is 2.7 x 10(-4)m. carbocyclic inosine is metabolized by leishmania promastigotes to give carbocyclic adenosine-5'-triphosphate ... | 1986 | 3562260 |
| the agglutination of erythrocytes and leishmania parasites by sandfly gut extracts: evidence for lectin activity. | lysates of heads, hind- and midguts of male and female phlebotomus papatasi were found to contain lectins or lectin-like molecules capable of agglutinating human red blood cell types of the abo(h) system and promastigotes of leishmania aethiopica, l. major and l. donovani but not l. hertigi hertigi promastigotes or crithidia fasciculata choanomastigotes. the agglutination of erythrocytes from the human o rhesus positive blood group by sandfly midgut extracts was inhibited by two disaccharides; t ... | 1986 | 3563322 |
| [detection of circulating antigens by mcab-ast for evaluation of the therapeutic effect of kala-azar cases]. | 1986 | 3557420 | |
| a new medium for large scale production of leishmania donovani promastigotes for biochemical studies. | 1986 | 3557564 | |
| nutrition of leishmania donovani donovani: growth in new semidefined & completely chemically defined media. | 1986 | 3557565 | |
| the role of phlebotomus alexandri sinton, 1928 in the transmission of kala-azar. | since 1968, kala-azar has been occurring sporadically in meiyaogou, turfan county, xinjiang-uygur autonomous region, where four species of sandflies are known to exist. the present study of sandflies collected in this area from may to august 1983 shows that phlebotomus alexandri is the only anthropophilic and predominant species, accounting for 81.1% (7716/8843) of the sandfly population. after having been fed on cotton rats or hamsters infected with leishmania donovani, 93.9% (230/245) of p. al ... | 1986 | 3488133 |
| occurrence of autoantibodies to intermediate filament proteins in human visceral leishmaniasis and their induction by experimental polyclonal b-cell activation. | fifteen sera of patients with visceral leishmaniasis were investigated for the occurrence of autoantibodies. they were found in high incidence and titre, and with specificity to the intermediate filament (infil) proteins vimentin (12 out of 15 with a titre higher than 1:10) and keratin (9 out of 15 with a titre higher than 1:10) as well as to speckled anti-nuclear antigens (ana). additionally, supernatants of leishmania major and leishmania donovani cultures containing soluble parasite-derived a ... | 1986 | 3492440 |
| a spectrum in the susceptibility of leishmanial strains to intracellular killing by murine macrophages. | the susceptibility of 26 strains and clones of leishmania to in vitro killing by lymphokine (lk)-activated macrophages was determined. a spectrum in the susceptibility of leishmania to macrophage killing was observed. some leishmanias were completely resistant to killing, including some but not all of the l. mexicana strains studied. this resistance was expressed in amastigotes and stationary growth-phase promastigotes, but not in logarithmic promastigotes. in contrast, some l. braziliensis para ... | 1986 | 3511147 |
| a protein a-binding, polyethylene glycol precipitation-based immunoradiometric assay. application to the detection of immune complexes and c3 in human sera and of private antigens in cross-reacting parasite extracts. | an immunoradiometric assay, based on the precipitation of antigen-antibody complexes by polyethylene glycol (peg) and on the subsequent binding of peg-soluble radiolabelled staphylococcal protein a to the peg-insoluble complexes, is described. the assay can be applied to the detection of naturally occurring, circulating immune complexes, and of complexes artificially created by mixing antigen and antibody solutions, which makes it of potential use for the detection of either antigen or antibody ... | 1986 | 3517172 |
| phagocytosis of leishmania infantum promastigotes by monocytes isolated from leishmania-infected dogs. | fifteen dogs with generalised leishmaniasis have been evaluated for their monocyte capacity to ingest leishmania promastigotes. these cells displayed a lower phagocytic ability when compared to monocytes recovered from normal dogs. moreover, sera from leishmania-infected dogs caused a remarkable decrease of monocyte phagocytic ability in healthy dogs, whereas sera from healthy dogs could restore monocyte phagocytosis in sick animals. similar results were seen when candida albicans was used as st ... | 1986 | 3520243 |
| leishmania mexicana: amastigote hydrolases in unusual lysosomes. | leishmania mexicana mexicana (m379) amastigotes were found to contain much higher activities than cultured promastigotes of five putative lysosomal enzymes: cysteine proteinase; arylsulfatase (ec 3.1.6.1); beta-glucuronidase (ec 3.2.1.31); dnase (ec 3.1.22.1), and rnase (ec 3.1.27.1). the release profiles of the first three of these enzymes from digitonin-permeabilized amastigotes suggests that they are located within organelles. cytochemical staining for cysteine proteinase, using gold labeled ... | 1986 | 3522261 |
| leishmaniasis donovani presenting as an isolated lesion in the larynx. | a case of leishmaniasis of the larynx caused by leishmania donovani occurring in a 42-year-old man is reported. the oral cavity and the upper respiratory tract are commonly involved in mucocutaneous american leishmaniasis, but are less frequently reported in the 'old world'. the primary and isolated location in the larynx is exceptional. the immunoperoxidase technique using antisera to anti-l. donovani is a useful method to identify the parasite. | 1986 | 3523370 |
| reciprocal relationships between undernutrition and the parasitic disease visceral leishmaniasis. | little is known about the interrelationship between undernutrition and parasitic infections in areas of the world where both are prevalent. the associations between undernutrition and visceral leishmaniasis, an important protozoal disease, were assessed in a study of residents of an area in brazil with endemic leishmaniasis. mid-arm anthropometry was used to assess fat and muscle area. children with visceral leishmaniasis came from large families (9.6 +/- 1.1 members vs. 6.8 +/- 0.7 members in n ... | 1986 | 3523702 |
| expression of the natural resistance gene (lsh) in wild mice infected experimentally with leishmania donovani or salmonella typhimurium. | 1986 | 3525014 | |
| macrophage type 3 complement receptors mediate serum-independent binding of leishmania donovani. detection of macrophage-derived complement on the parasite surface by immunoelectron microscopy. | in this study, direct visual evidence for local opsonization of l. donovani by macrophage (m phi)-derived complement components was obtained using immunoelectron microscopy. c3 deposition was detected on the surface of both promastigotes and amastigotes after 20 min serum-free incubation with murine resident peritoneal m phi (rpm), followed by fixation and incubation first with specific antibody directed against c3 and then with gold-labelled protein a. gold deposition was not observed around ei ... | 1986 | 3531384 |
| a new liquid medium without blood and serum for culture of hemoflagellates. | a liquid medium without blood or serum was developed for cultivation of hemoflagellates. to a basic lit medium containing liver infusion broth and tryptose, a mixture of rpmi 1640 and medium 199 was added. this combination permitted high parasite yields useful for biochemical and immunological studies. | 1986 | 3532849 |
| biosynthetic preparation of radioactively labelled ethanolamine plasmalogen (1-o-[1'-14c]octadec-1'-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanola mine) using a protozoan cell culture. | ethanolamine plasmalogen radiolabelled mainly in the o-alkenyl moiety was prepared from cell suspension cultures of the flagellate leishmania donovani previously incubated with [1-14c]octadecanol over one growth period. the optimal concentration of [1-14c]octadecanol for labelling was shown to be 1 microm, when 60% of total lipid radioactivity appeared in the 1,2-diradyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine fraction, with an overall yield of approx. 35%. analysis of this fraction revealed that 93% o ... | 1986 | 3536139 |
| a simple procedure for the preparation of pure kinetoplast dna network free of nuclear dna from the kinetoplast hemoflagellate leishmania donovani. | a simple, inexpensive procedure for preparing pure kinetoplast dna network from leishmania donovani is described. l. donovani promastigotes were lysed by incubating with pronase in presence of sodium dodecylsulfate. crude kinetoplast dna networks were obtained by centrifugation of the lysate through a 20% sucrose solution. the pellet containing kinetoplast dna was deproteinized by phenol extraction. contaminating nuclear dnas were removed by denaturation with alkali, neutralization, and addition ... | 1986 | 3026202 |
| a cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase in leishmania donovani. | leishmania donovani promastigotes labelled for 2 h with 32pi incorporated radioactivity into at least 21 different proteins, as determined by sds/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. pulse-chase studies with 32pi demonstrated that the labelled proteins were in a dynamic state: some radiolabelled proteins rapidly disappeared and others appeared after the chase. the possibility of an ectokinase on the parasite was examined; incubation of intact parasites for 10 min at 25 degrees c in an osmotically ... | 1986 | 3030283 |
| comparative study of the virulence of two leishmania donovani isolates of different origin. | the virulence of two isolates of leishmania donovani (lmu-6 isolated from a human case in ethiopia and lmu-16 isolated from an asymptomatic dog in the south-east of spain) in balb/c and c57bl/6 mice and in hamsters was observed over a period of 14 weeks. regular measurements of the liver parasite burdens and observations of external signs of infection were made, and the humoral and delayed type hypersensitivity responses were tested. no major differences were observed in the infection patterns p ... | 1986 | 3307656 |
| a sensitive staining technique for the detection of phosphohydrolase activities after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | a sensitive colorimetric method for the determination of pi in the range 0.5-10 nmol has been adapted for detection of several phosphohydrolase activities in polyacrylamide gels. this procedure, which leads to the formation of a malachite green-phosphomolybdate complex, may be used with many commonly studied enzymes, such as acid and alkaline phosphatases, nucleotidases, and atpases. since detergents do not interfere with color development, this assay is useful for monitoring the activity of det ... | 1986 | 2421605 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies to metacyclic trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi. | monoclonal antibodies were produced and characterized to the metacyclic trypomastigotes stage of trypanosoma cruzi. all the monoclonal antibodies (gr-12c/5; gr-p2b/5; gr-f2b/1; gr-j2c/6; gr-e6b/3; gr-a5b/5) also recognized antigens of epimastigotes of t. cruzi. these antigens are associated with the plasma membrane, flagellum, and an intracellular structure located by the nucleus. immunoprecipitation using the monoclonal antibodies gr-j2c/6 and gr-e6b/3 followed by sds-page analysis has led to t ... | 1986 | 2424824 |
| mechanisms of action of pyrazolopyrimidines in leishmania donovani. | we investigated the antileishmanial actions of the pyrazolopyrimidines allopurinol (4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine), thiopurinol (4-thiopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine), and aminopurinol (4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine). these compounds affect several metabolic processes. the first is the inhibition of gmp reductase by the imp analogues allopurinol ribonucleoside monophosphate and thipurinol ribonucleoside monophosphate which reduces the organism's ability to synthesize atp from guanine. second, ... | 1986 | 2424909 |
| [a method of determining anti-dna antibodies using leishmania donovani diagnosticum]. | 1986 | 2429059 | |
| [comparative study of the membrane and cytoplasmic antigens of 2 species of leishmania (trypanosomatidae, leishmania)]. | 1986 | 2429168 | |
| [preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against leishmania donovani]. | 1986 | 2431807 | |
| detection of microtubules of the flagellate trichomonas vaginalis by monoclonal antibodies specific for beta-tubulin. | monoclonal antibodies specific for mammalian beta-tubulin recognized the microtubule cytoskeleton of the flagellated protozoon trichomonas vaginalis. of seven antibodies, two demonstrated the axostyle, costa, recurrent flagellum, and anterior flagella by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. the remaining five stained a hazy reticular pattern in the cytoplasm of formaldehydefixed, detergent-extracted organisms. western immunoblots of whole t. vaginalis extracts treated with protease inhibitors ... | 1986 | 2432269 |
| effect of hydroxyethyl starch (hes) in reducing parasite load in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. | leishmania donovani primarily infects phagocytic cells of the reticuloendothelial system. hydroxyethyl starch (hes) has been shown to concentrate transiently in these organs. the effect of hes administration was assessed upon infection and also upon vaccination against this parasite. animals received hes intraperitoneally thrice weekly, either alone (hes) or with a subcutaneous immunization protocol utilizing aluminum hydroxide and killed parasites (alp-hes). controls were untreated (nt) or rece ... | 1986 | 2432827 |
| leishmania donovani: an opportunistic microbe associated with progressive disease in three immunocompromised patients. | three cases are described showing that leishmania donovani can cause progressive disease in immunocompromised hosts. the first patient was receiving corticosteroid therapy for ulcerative colitis and the second corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide for proliferative glomerulonephritis; in the third patient, leishmaniasis occurred after a long episode of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and salmonella bacteraemia which was treated with chloramphenicol. in two cases, the patients had moved away from ar ... | 1986 | 2869348 |
| visceral leishmaniasis as an opportunistic infection. | 1986 | 2871358 | |
| non-ionic surfactant vesicles, niosomes, as a delivery system for the anti-leishmanial drug, sodium stibogluconate. | liver and serum concentrations of antimony in the mouse have been determined after administration of sodium stibogluconate in the free, liposomal and niosomal form. high liver and low serum values were attained by the use of both vesicular formulations. niosomal sodium stibogluconate was shown to be more active than free drug against experimental murine visceral leishmaniasis, an effect apparently dependent on maintaining high drug levels in the infected reticuloendothelial system. | 1986 | 2875149 |
| immunization of hamsters with tlck-killed parasites induces protection against leishmania infection. | hamsters immunized with n-p-tosyl-l-lysine-chloromethyl ketone tlck-treated l. brasiliensis brasiliensis (lb) from culture, infected with lb amastigotes presented: a gradual increase in t and b cell responsiveness to mitogens by lymph node lymphocytes, and an increased response to concanavalin a with no changes for dextran sulphate and pokeweed mitogen in splenocytes. absence of parasites in lymph nodes after 6 weeks post-infection and a nodule 4 times smaller than that of infected control anima ... | 1986 | 2877549 |
| characterization of cellular immune response to chemically defined glycoconjugates from leishmania mexicana subsp. amazonensis. | two defined glycoconjugates (gp-10/20 and fr ii phe) purified from leishmania mexicana subsp. amazonensis were analyzed with respect to their ability to induce cellular responses in immunized and infected mice. each glycoconjugate was recognized by specific immune cells, as assessed by the proliferative response of lymph node cells of immunized mice. the response to gp-10/20 depended on helper t cells and antigen-presenting cells and was restricted by a major histocompatibility complex class ii ... | 1986 | 2416692 |
| somatic and excretory polysaccharide antigens of leishmania donovani promastigotes. | leishmania donovani promastigotes were found to release excretory-secretory antigens (esa) in the culture medium which reacted against rabbit antiserum to live promastigotes (ra-lp). the active material was purified and found to contain mainly polysaccharides with about 23% of protein. a polysaccharide-rich antigen (pra) was also isolated from the promastigote debris by the phenol-water extraction procedure. when tested against ra-lp in agar gel diffusion, both the preparations were found to be ... | 1985 | 2417581 |
| [characterization of antigens recognized by mcabs against promastigotes of l. donovani xinjian strain]. | 1985 | 2426814 | |
| subcellular and taxonomic specificity of monoclonal antibodies to new world leishmania. | murine monoclonal antibodies to flagellar, surface membrane and cytoplasmic antigens of new world leishmania were assessed for their taxonomic specificity in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with three genera of the family trypanosomatidae and three species and seven subspecies of the genus leishmania. antibodies exhibiting exclusive reactivity with either the flagellum, flagellar pocket, kinetoplast, or nucleus lacked specificity at all phylogenetic levels and, in fact, recognized epitopes co ... | 1985 | 2422966 |
| immune responses to t-dependent and t-independent antigens during visceral leishmaniasis in mice: evidence for altered t-cell regulation of immune responses to non-parasite antigens. | antibody responses to t-dependent and t-"independent" antigens were studied in disease-susceptible (balb/c and c57bl/10) and disease-resistant (a/j) mice infected with leishmania donovani chagasi. disease-susceptible mice but not disease-resistant mice showed a transient decrease in pfc responses to tnp on a t-dependent carrier (bgg) during the period of 4-8 weeks after infection. infected disease-susceptible animals also showed increased responses to tnp on a type ii t-independent carrier (fico ... | 1985 | 2424616 |
| macromolecular synthesis in leishmania donovani amastigotes. | 1985 | 2409259 | |
| antigen recognition by effector t cells in antileishmanial defense. | we have observed that t cells (ly1+2-) from draining lymph nodes of mice that have footpad infections with leishmania major activate macrophages for antileishmanial effects in vitro in an apparently contact-dependent, noncytotoxic manner. the nature of antigenic specificity in this system was investigated. whereas lymphocytes sensitized to l. major induced antileishmanial effects in macrophages infected with l. major, lymphocytes sensitized to listeria monocytogenes were ineffective. when macrop ... | 1985 | 2413143 |
| bulk production and comparison of promastigote and amastigote antigens of leishmania donovani for serodiagnosis and value of serum protein and immunoglobulin changes in diagnosis of kala-azar cases. | 1985 | 3831071 | |
| immunoprophylaxis against kala-azar egg homogenate (eh9) cultured l. donovani--a probable prophylactic. | 1985 | 3831072 | |
| monoclonal antibodies to leishmania parasite (a preliminary report). | 1985 | 3831073 | |
| cell cycle of leishmania donovani. | 1985 | 3833679 | |
| brazilian leishmania stocks phenotypically similar to leishmania major. | screening by enzyme electrophoresis of isolates of new world leishmania from different geographic areas revealed a number of stocks with enzyme profiles different from those produced by reference strains of described subspecies of l. mexicana, l. braziliensis, and l. donovani. analysis by six enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase; alanine aminotransferase; malate dehydrogenase; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; phosphoglucomutase; and glucose-phosphate isomerase) showed that these stocks have ide ... | 1985 | 3834794 |
| adoptive transfer of vaccine-induced resistance to leishmania donovani. | balb/c mice were immunized with three subcutaneous injections combining killed parasites and glucan, or were untreated. spleen cells were transferred to syngeneic recipients. mice which received 5 x 10(8) spleen cells from vaccinated donors demonstrated significant protection against leishmania donovani challenge as compared to untreated mice receiving immune sera, or mice which received untreated spleen cells. | 1985 | 3834795 |
| the activity of plumbagin and other electron carriers against leishmania donovani and leishmania mexicana amazonensis. | 1985 | 3834847 | |
| observations on the role of vespertilionid bats in relation to non-human vertebrate reservoir in indian kala-azar. | 1985 | 3835116 | |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to leishmania donovani. | 1985 | 3836561 | |
| the retained capacity of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) to transmit leishmania chagasi (cunha & chagas) after eight years (64 generations) in a closed laboratory colony. | a closed lutzomyia longipalpis colony, from ceará has been used to transmit leishmania chagasi isolated from a fox in pará state. the last time this colony was successfully used in similar transmission experiments was eight years (64 generations) ago indicating that this colony of lu. longipalpis has fully maintained its vectorial capacity in spite of such a long period of maintainance in the laboratory. | 1985 | 3837170 |
| canine visceral leishmaniasis in rio de janeiro, brazil. clinical, parasitological, therapeutical and epidemiological findings (1977-1983). | forty dogs from the periphery of the city of rio de janeiro were studied. all dogs where diagnosed as positive for leishmaniasis either parasitologically and/or serologically. among them, 19 came from areas where only visceral leishmaniasis (vl) occurs (realengo, bangu, senador camará). clinical signs of the disease were seen in 36.8% of the cases, including emaciation - 100%, lymphadenopathy and depilation - 85.7%. the other 21 dogs came from an area (campo grande) where both diseases (vl, and ... | 1985 | 3837171 |
| [observation on susceptibilities and immune responses of four strains of mice to the infection of a leishmania donovani chinese strain]. | 1985 | 3837361 | |
| [studies on monoclonal antibodies against leishmania donovani xinjiang strain]. | 1985 | 3837707 | |
| [the genus leishmania in italy]. | seventy-four leishmania isolates collected in italy from six different regions where leishmaniases are endemic, have been typed. parasites have been isolated from: man (vl and cl), dog, black rat (rattus rattus), fox (vulpes vulpes) and geckoes (tarentola mauritanica and cyrtodactylus kotschyi). the isolates have been characterized by starch-gel electrophoresis for 9-16 enzymes whose mobility was compared with that of international reference strains for l. infantum, l. tropica, l. major, l. dono ... | 1985 | 3870639 |
| hypergammaglobulinaemia in leishmania donovani infected hamsters: possible association with a polyclonal activator of b cells and with suppression of t cell function. | studies were carried out on the mechanisms by which b lymphocytes are polyclonally activated to secrete antibodies during visceral leishmaniasis. crude extracts of leishmania donovani, the aetiological agent of this disease, of leishmania mexicana amazonensis, the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and of herpetomonas muscarum, a related non-pathogenic organism, all contain components which cause strong in vitro polyclonal activation of hamster spleen cells leading to the production o ... | 1985 | 3872189 |
| macrophage complement and lectin-like receptors bind leishmania in the absence of serum. | we have examined the relative roles of the macrophage (m phi) plasma membrane receptor for the cleaved third complement component (ic3b, cr3) and of the mannosyl/fucosyl receptor (mfr) in binding and ingestion of leishmania donovani. in the absence of exogenous complement, the binding and ingestion of promastigotes, which are good activators of the alternative complement pathway, were inhibited by the anti-cr3 monoclonal antibody m1/70, by the fab portion of an anti-c3 antibody, or by the nucleo ... | 1985 | 3891904 |
| subspecies-specific surface antigens of promastigotes of the leishmania donovani complex. | sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns of proteins and externally exposed labeled surface constituents were analyzed in promastigotes of three etiological agents of kala azar (leishmania donovani, hs70 strain from india; l. chagasi, imperatriz strain from brazil; l. infantum, itmpa k263 strain from morocco and mo strain from france). coomassie blue-stained gels showed similar protein patterns for l. donovani and l. chagasi and a more distinct one for l. infantum. surf ... | 1985 | 3899930 |
| detection of the microtubule cytoskeleton of the coccidian toxoplasma gondii and the hemoflagellate leishmania donovani by monoclonal antibodies specific for beta-tubulin. | seven monoclonal antibodies specific for mammalian beta-tubulin demonstrate the microtubule cytoskeleton of toxoplasma gondii and leishmania donovani by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. immunoblots of t. gondii and l. donovani proteins separated by sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis confirm the specificity of the monoclonal antibodies for tubulin. differential staining of flagellar and subpellicular microtubule populations was not seen in l. donovani with these antibodies. all seven a ... | 1985 | 3906104 |
| the potential role of leishmania antigens and immunoglobulins in the pathogenesis of glomerular lesions of hamsters infected with leishmania donovani. | 1985 | 3909974 | |
| role of macrophage complement and lectin-like receptors in binding leishmania parasites to host macrophages. | this paper reviews briefly work carried out in our laboratory on the relative roles of the macrophage plasma membrane receptor (cr3) for the cleaved third complement component (ic3b) and the mannosyl/fucosyl receptor (mfr) in binding, ingestion and respiratory burst (rb) response elicited by promastigotes versus amastigotes of leishmania donovani. in the absence of serum soluble inhibitors (mannan, ribonuclease b) of the mfr cause a dose-dependent reduction in the numbers of promastigotes bindin ... | 1985 | 3910569 |