Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [epidemiology of hepatitis a in sardinia: prevalence of anti-hav in a sample of junior and senior high school students]. | in the developing countries, where socioeconomic and hygienic conditions are inadequate, hepatitis a is mainly a childhood infection. improvements in environmental conditions cause a decline in the exposure to hepatitis a virus and a change in the age-distribution of the incidence. in the sardinian population 3-11 years old a study conducted in 1987 showed that 3.8 percent of children were anti-hav positive. in this research work we studied the anti-hav prevalence in the population 13-20 years o ... | 1989 | 2483894 |
| [the fate of pathogens in waste-waters]. | a large variety of pathogenic organisms capable of transmission by the faecal-oral route may be found in wastewaters. among the bacteria salmonella, shigella, vibrio cholerae, yersinia and campylobacter are the important agents of concern. also the human enteric viruses (poliovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, hepatitis a virus, rotavirus) have been shown to be present in domestic waste and may not be completely removed by conventional sewage treatment processes, including chlorination. discharge ... | 1989 | 2484470 |
| transfusion-associated hepatitis c virus (non-a, non-b) infection. | non-a, non-b (nanb) is a term used to describe viral hepatitis not due to hepatitis b virus or hepatitis a virus. two forms of nanb hepatitis have been identified: (1) an epidemic type usually transmitted enterically and (2) a parenterally transmitted form caused by hepatitis c virus. while the latter often is assumed to be transfusion transmitted, data from surveillance programs suggest that the incidence of nanb transfusion-associated hepatitis (tah) is decreasing. strategies for preventing ta ... | 1989 | 2493234 |
| the etiology of acute hepatitis superimposed upon previously unrecognized asymptomatic hbsag carriers. | to study the etiology of acute hepatitis superimposed upon previously unrecognized asymptomatic hbsag carriers, paired sera were collected in acute and convalescence phases for measurement of hbeag, anti-hbe, hepatitis b virus dna and anti-delta from 76 adult patients with acute hepatitis who were hbsag positive but igm anti-hbc negative or positive only at low titer. none of them were igm anti-hepatitis a virus positive on admission. of the 34 patients who were hbeag positive initially, two (5. ... | 1989 | 2493416 |
| liver-derived cytotoxic t cells in hepatitis a virus infection. | an autologous in vitro model was developed to analyze the immunologic cause of liver tissue injury during hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. human t lymphocytes infiltrating the livers of two patients with acute hav infection were isolated from liver biopsy cores, cloned, and expanded in vitro. procedures using a cell culture system with hav-infected autologous skin fibroblasts demonstrated that 42% and 53% of the liver-infiltrating cd8+ clones were hav-specific and that they kill hav-infected s ... | 1989 | 2503564 |
| etiologic spectrum of acute sporadic viral hepatitis in children in india. | the relative magnitude by hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis non-a, non-b virus (hnanbv) was determined in 496 children from three different parts of india suffering from acute viral hepatitis by tests for specific igm class anti-hav and anti-hbv antibodies in the serum. hav, hbv and nanb infections accounted for 55.8 per cent, 20.2 per cent and 23.2 per cent of cases respectively. hepatitis a largely (59.5%) affected younger children of 1-5 yr. nearly a third of chil ... | 1989 | 2508281 |
| cloning of a cdna associated with acute and chronic hepatitis c infection generated from patients serum rna. | in order to clone hepatitis c (blood-borne non-a, non-b hepatitis) virus, lambda gt11-cdna library was constructed from rna extracted from 100 liters serum collected from 1,047 donors with elevated alt levels and negative for hepatitis b virus-dna. the library was immunoscreened on y1090 cells with pooled serum obtained from patients with acute hepatitis c or chronic hepatitis c. by screening 29 clones specific for japanese hepatitis c infection were isolated. the specificity of these clones for ... | 1989 | 2509278 |
| an outbreak of suspected water-borne epidemic non-a non-b hepatitis in northern botswana with a high prevalence of hepatitis b carriers and hepatitis delta markers among patients. | from june to december 1985 273 cases of hepatitis and jaundice were diagnosed in maun, northern botswana. it was known before the outbreak that most adults were immune to hepatitis a virus, most had markers indicating past infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv), there was a mean prevalence of 13.6% (57/418) hbsag carriers, and a proportion of people had antibodies to hepatitis delta virus (hdv). there was evidence that faecal contamination of water supplies preceded the outbreak; the epidemic cu ... | 1989 | 2513670 |
| acute viral hepatitis: an aetiological study of 253 patients. | two hundred and fifty-three cases of acute viral hepatitis admitted to ibn al-khateeb infectious disease hospital, baghdad, were studied prospectively regarding the viral aetiological agent. the most common cause was infection with one of the non-a, non-b viruses (51%). the second most common cause was infection with the hepatitis b virus (32%); two of these patients had hepatitis delta-co-infection. hepatitis a virus was responsible for 15% of the cases, and hepatitis delta-virus superinfection ... | 1989 | 2518790 |
| fulminant viral hepatitis: indian experience. | thirty-six patients with fulminant viral hepatitis were studied. enzyme immunoassay was used to detect the presence of hbsag, igm anti-hbc, and igm anti-hav. non-a, non-b virus was the most common aetiological agent (61.1%) followed by hepatitis b virus (hbv; 30.6%) and hepatitis a virus (8.3%). presence of igm anti-hbc confirmed the diagnosis of hbv infection in three cases who were negative for hbsag. similarly, in one case who was positive for hbsag, absence of igm anti-hbc suggested superinf ... | 1989 | 2518791 |
| epidemiology of non a non b hepatitis in jeddah, ksa with special reference to aminotransferases as a prognostic criterion. | viral hepatitis is still a major public health problem all over the world. the introduction of recent methods for diagnosis, improved hygienic and health standards, screening of blood donors together with the availability of vaccines helped greatly in reduction of viral hepatitis in some countries. however, nanb hepatitis is still widespread and constitutes a medical challenge. since long time, epidemiologic speculation of the presence of more than one virus causing the disease was put forward. ... | 1989 | 2520146 |
| [prevalence of serologic markers of viral hepatitis in various population groups in peru]. | a review was undertaken of 7,521 serum samples that had been tested to detect or confirm the presence of different hepatitis a, b, and delta serologic markers. the sources of the samples included a national reference laboratory, several outbreaks of viral hepatitis in civilian and military populations, and a serologic survey. they were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus was very high (means = 92.2%), and it was uniform. p ... | 1989 | 2525393 |
| designation of a test strain of hepatitis a virus. | 1989 | 2535866 | |
| effect of cellular function inhibitors on the infection of frp/3 cells by hepatitis a virus. | the effect of some cellular function inhibitors on hepatitis a virus (hav) adsorption and on the successive events of infection in a monkey cell line (frp/3 cells) was investigated. treatments of frp/3 cells with colcemide, vinblastine and cytochalasin d, which affect cytoskeleton organization, indicated that neither microtubules nor microfilaments play an important role in the early events of hav infection. monensin, which acts as an ionophore on intracellular vesicle compartments inhibited hav ... | 1989 | 2535886 |
| studies of gb hepatitis agent in tamarins. | three tamarins (saguinus labiatus), two of which had previously been infected with hepatitis a virus and parenteral non-a, non-b hepatitis, were inoculated intravenously with the agent of gb hepatitis. all three animals developed alanine aminotransferase abnormalities 2 weeks after inoculation. peak alanine aminotransferase levels were recorded 4 weeks postinoculation. these declined thereafter but continued to fluctuate at abnormal levels for 32 weeks. liver biopsies showed liver cell swelling ... | 1989 | 2536347 |
| ultrafiltration: an efficient second step for hepatitis a virus and poliovirus concentration. | the efficiency of seeded hepatitis a virus and poliovirus recovery from 1 l of dechlorinated tap water or different buffer was evaluated using a molecular filtration system. all the experiments were performed using a polysulfonate membrane of 10,000 molecular weight limit. under standard conditions hepatitis a virus recovery was 100% of the input, but the percentage was reduced dramatically when the inflow pressure was increased. in contrast, poliovirus recovery was low under standard conditions ... | 1989 | 2536381 |
| primary study of attenuated live hepatitis a vaccine (h2 strain) in humans. | strain h2, an attenuated live hepatitis a virus (hav), was derived from the fecal specimen of a patient with hepatitis a in hangzhou, china. after isolation and passage in a culture of newborn monkey kidney cells, adaptation to grow in human lung diploid cells (kmb17), and serial passage at a low temperature (32 degrees c) in kmb17 cells, this strain became the master seed virus for h2-strain vaccine. twelve human volunteers received the experimental vaccine subcutaneously and were closely obser ... | 1989 | 2538518 |
| variations in genome fragments coding for rna polymerase in human and simian hepatitis a viruses. | the genome of hepatitis a virus (hav) isolated from spontaneously infected african vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) has been cloned and partially sequenced. comparison of genome fragments (1248 and 162 bp) from the 3d (rna polymerase) region with the corresponding parts of human hav genomes revealed a high degree of heterogeneity: there were altogether 257 nucleotide changes leading to 44 substitutions in predicted amino acid sequence, i.e. 89% amino acid identity. this divergence is consi ... | 1989 | 2541023 |
| hepatitis a virus: insights from molecular biology. | 1989 | 2541060 | |
| nucleotide sequence of the vp1 gene from a chinese strain of hepatitis a virus (hav) | 1989 | 2542903 | |
| [study of human and simian hepatitis a virus isolated by an immunoenzyme method using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies]. | hepatitis a viruses (hav) isolated from man and old world monkeys varied in their interaction with monoclonal antibodies (mca) in enzyme immunoassay. all human hav isolates reacted with the mca under study (hic19, h7c27, and k3-4c8), whereas the viruses isolated directly from monkeys did not react with h7c27 mca and some of them also with h1c19 mca. simian hav strains became capable of reacting with h7c27 mca and h1c19 mca after adaptation to cell culture. in tests with human and simian immune s ... | 1989 | 2543140 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus rna and capsid antigen in individual cells. | the replication of hepatitis a virus (hav) rna and the production of hav vp1 protein were examined in cultures of bs-c-1 cells under one-step growth conditions by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. individual cells that had undergone active viral rna replication were detectable at 24 h post-infection. during subsequent days, increasing numbers of cells began replicating viral rna, so that by seven days post-infection, all cells had accumulated significant amounts of viral rna. the res ... | 1989 | 2543159 |
| sensitivity of the old world monkeys to hepatitis a virus (spontaneous and experimental infection) | 1989 | 2543591 | |
| chronic infection with epstein-barr virus, chlamydia and hepatitis a virus, terminating in cirrhosis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | we describe a 27-year-old woman who presented with infertility, and over the subsequent 7 years developed chronic epstein-barr virus infection, hepatitis a, cirrhosis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. serological evidence of chronic infection with chlamydia, epstein-barr virus and hepatitis a virus was documented. | 1989 | 2544539 |
| in situ hybridization for quantitative assay of infectious hepatitis a virus. | a method of in situ hybridization using single-stranded rna probes of opposite polarity for quantitative enumeration of hepatitis a virus (hav) in infected cells has been developed. kinetic experiments showed that foci of infected cells appeared as early as day 2 postinfection. the absence of foci in cells examined immediately after virus adsorption indicated that foci detected subsequently were related to viral replication. foci were detected by hybridization with rna probes complementary to ha ... | 1989 | 2545742 |
| [a case of severe hepatitis a with positive igm antibody to hepatitis a virus of long duration, monoclonal gammopathy (igg.lambda) and hemolytic anemia]. | 1989 | 2545803 | |
| hepatitis a virus hemagglutination and a test for hemagglutination inhibition antibodies. | like enteroviruses, hepatitis a virus (hav) hemagglutinated various species of erythrocytes under similar conditions. hav-specific antibodies in both acute- and convalescent-phase sera were found to inhibit hemagglutination. the hav hemagglutination inhibition test can be used for diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, and vaccine assessment. | 1989 | 2546979 |
| prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus in the santa cruz region of bolivia. | several epidemiological studies have shown the worldwide distribution of hepatitis a with the highest prevalence of anti-hav antibodies in developing countries (papaevangelou 1984). there is no information about the epidemiology of hepatitis a in bolivia. the goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-hav antibody prevalence in the santa cruz region, southeastern bolivia. | 1989 | 2547983 |
| [serological proof of the existence of a variety of non-a, non-b hepatitis with a fecal-oral transmission mechanism]. | an outbreak of hepatitis in one of siberian regions mainly among adults of 19-35 years of age was studied. the epidemiological studies showed the infection to spread by the fecal-oral mechanism of transmission. in 90% of the patients the disease was mild, in 10% of moderate severity; no severe forms or fatal outcomes were observed. this refers also to pregnant women irrespective of the term of pregnancy. among 78 subjects examined, antibody to hepatitis a virus of the igm class (anti-hav-igm) we ... | 1989 | 2548344 |
| characteristics of different solid-phase immunoassay formats for the measurement of bk virus immunoglobulin m in sera of patients on renal dialysis or with kidney allografts. | solid-phase immunoglobulin m (igm) antigen capture enzyme immunoassay (agceia) and antibody capture enzyme immunoassay (abceia) were developed for the diagnosis of bk virus (bkv) infections. of 37 serum samples from renal allograft recipients, 15 were positive for bkv igm antibody by either agceia, abceia, or antigen capture radioimmunoassay. false-positive igm results were observed in the agceia in the presence of high levels of bkv igg antibody (titers greater than or equal to 1:51,200), when ... | 1989 | 2549091 |
| replication kinetics and cytopathic effect of hepatitis a virus. | the replication kinetics and c.p.e. of hepatitis a virus (hav) strain hm-175 were shown to depend upon the passage level of the cell line, and the passage level and method of selection of the virus population. maximum virus production under single-step growth curve conditions occurred as early as 24 to 28 h or as late as 10 days post-infection. although rapid replication of an isolate of hm-715 (phm-175) occurred initially in bs-c-1 cells, its most pronounced c.p.e. was induced in frhk-4 cells. ... | 1989 | 2549182 |
| altered hepatitis a vp1 protein resulting from cell culture propagation of virus. | the published sequence of hepatitis a virus (hav), strain has-15, after 20-30 cell culture passages contains an 18 nucleotide deletion (ovchinnikov et al., 1985) within the vp1 genome region. this results in a significant amino acid difference of the vp1 protein when this strain of hav is compared with other published hav sequences. comparison of the polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic migration of has-15 hav and two other strains of hav revealed that the has-15 vp1 molecule migrated faster than ... | 1989 | 2549747 |
| use of immunogold preembedding technique to detect hepatitis a viral antigen in infected cells. | localization of virus and viral antigen in cell cultures infected with a rapidly replicating isolate of strain hm-175 of hepatitis a virus (hav; phm-175) was accomplished by using immunogold probes. cells infected under one-step growth curve conditions were prefixed with 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.1-0.001% saponin at appropriate times postinfection for detection of maximum virus and viral antigen. an indirect labeling technique was employed using monoclonal antibody to hav followed by 5 nm gold-a ... | 1989 | 2549778 |
| acid stability of hepatitis a virus. | the acid stability of unpurified and highly purified hepatitis a virus (hav) was tested and compared with that of poliovirus type 1, coxsackievirus types a9 and b1 and echovirus type 9. only hav had a high residual infectivity after 2 h of exposure to ph 1 at room temperature, remaining infectious for up to 5 h. at 38 degrees c, ph 1, hav remained infectious for 90 min. highly purified hav was found to be infectious for 8 h at ph 1 and room temperature. this indicates that the increased stabilit ... | 1989 | 2550575 |
| propagation of hepatitis a virus in hybrid cell lines derived from marmoset liver and vero cells. | to establish monkey liver cell lines with a high susceptibility to hepatitis a virus (hav), marmoset (saguinus labiatus) liver cells were fused with vero cells deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase and the resulting hybrid cells were selected in hat medium. of four hybrid cell lines obtained (s. 1a/ve-1 to -4), three (s. 1a/ve-1, -3 and -4) were equally susceptible to hav infection. when inoculated with a virus isolated from marmoset liver tissue (10% liver tissue extract) ... | 1989 | 2550576 |
| diagnosis of hepatitis a and b by testing saliva. | the use of salivary samples to diagnose acute viral hepatitis was investigated. tests for igm antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) on 29 acute-phase samples from serologically confirmed cases of hepatitis a were strongly reactive. follow-up samples indicated that igm anti-hav persisted at moderate levels for 2-4 months and was not usually detectable thereafter. the ratio of igm to igg anti-hav (ria index) correlated closely with the interval from onset of infection. significant levels of igm ... | 1989 | 2550585 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus rna in serum from patients with acute hepatitis. | hepatitis a virus (hav) rna was extracted from the sera of patients with acute hepatitis and then detected by molecular hybridization using cloned hav complementary dna (cdna). hav rna was detected in 20 of 85 patients with acute hav infection, mainly during the prodromal stage, or early during the icteric phase of the disease; it was detected as long as 21 days after its initial detection. patients with hav rna in the serum had a significantly higher titer of anti-hav igm. | 1989 | 2550586 |
| membrane lipid components interacting with hepatitis a virus. | the involvement of lipid components in hepatitis a virus (hav) attachment to host cells has been investigated. isolated frp/3 cell membranes and whole lipids, phospholipid and glycolipid fractions extracted from them were able to bind the virus and to prevent infection. treatment of virus with various phospholipids or glycolipids demonstrated the participation of phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine and galactose in hav binding. results obtained added further information on the receptor ... | 1989 | 2550740 |
| [the territorial and age-related characteristics of the distribution of patients with non-a, non-b viral hepatitis infected via the fecal-oral mechanism in foci of elevated viral hepatitis morbidity in the uzbek ssr]. | the study of patients from 10 foci of acute viral hepatitides for the presence of hbsag (in the passive reverse hemagglutination test) and anti-hepatitis a virus igm (in the radioimmunoassay) has shown high frequency and variability in the spread of hepatitis non-a, non-b, the prevalence of adults aged 20-29 years and children aged 2-4 years among persons involved into the epidemic process and the tendency towards an increase in the proportion of hepatitis non-a, non-b in the total number of cas ... | 1989 | 2551112 |
| nucleotide sequence of high-passage hepatitis a virus strain hm175: comparison with wild-type and cell culture-adapted strains. | the nucleotide sequence of cdna from a high-passage, cell culture-adapted variant of hepatitis a virus strain hm175 was compared with the previously determined sequences of wild-type virus and two other cell culture-adapted variants. a total of 42 nucleotide changes were detected when the sequence was compared with wild-type virus. five of these changes were common to all cell culture-adapted strains and a further two changes were shared by the strains that had experienced the greatest number of ... | 1989 | 2552009 |
| characterization of a simian hepatitis a virus (hav): antigenic and genetic comparison with human hav. | pa21, a strain of hepatitis a virus (hav) recovered from a naturally infected captive owl monkey, is indistinguishable from human hav in polyclonal radioimmunoassays and cross-neutralization studies. however, cdna-rna hybridization has suggested a significant difference at the genomic level between pa21 and a reference human virus, hm175. further characterization of this unique hav was undertaken in an effort to determine the extent of genetic divergence from human hav and its relation to the co ... | 1989 | 2552172 |
| [modern achievements in the study of hepatitis a virus and in the development of a vaccine against this infection]. | 1989 | 2552681 | |
| [epizootic hepatitis a among african green monkeys kept in a vivarium]. | the results of observations on the pattern of spread of hepatitis a virus and immune response to it in african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) kept in the animal house are presented. the infection in the monkeys was found to be characterized by all virological, serological, and biochemical parameters inherent in hepatitis a virus. the results indicated that hepatitis a in monkeys may run both asymptomatic and clinically manifest course, and the spread of infection in the animal house sequ ... | 1989 | 2552683 |
| hepatitis b virus markers in patients with schistosomiasis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in khartoum, sudan. | markers of hepatitis a and b virus were tested in 88 adult sudanese subjects in khartoum, sudan. the subjects consisted of 25 control hospitalized patients, 21 volunteer blood donors, 23 patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, 13 patients with liver cirrhosis and 6 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). antibody to hepatitis a virus was detected in 96% of the total. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was positive in 4, 24, 22, 31, and 67% of the subject groups, respectively. antibod ... | 1989 | 2552752 |
| effect of isoflavans and isoflavenes on the infection of frp/3 cells by hepatitis a virus. | the effect of 6,4'-dichloroflavan and of isoflavan and isoflavene derivatives on hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in a monkey cell line (frp/3 cells) was studied. these compounds were not virucidal and had no measurable effect on the adsorption of virus to the cells at 0 degrees c, whereas they exerted an inhibitory effect on viral antigen synthesis when incubated with the infected cells during hav multiplication. among the substances tested, 6,4'-dichloroflavan and 6,4'-dichloroisoflavan showe ... | 1989 | 2552913 |
| investigation of an outbreak of hepatitis a simplified by salivary antibody testing. | in march 1988 a general practitioner notified two cases of hepatitis a in a private boarding school. epidemiological investigation, including testing for salivary antibodies revealed a further five cases and established immunity to, and recent infection with, hepatitis a virus (hav). the pattern of the outbreak was described. a number of practices which would encourage cross-infection were corrected. normal human immunoglobulin was given to contacts. repeat salivary testing 10 weeks later reveal ... | 1989 | 2553465 |
| attenuation and cell culture adaptation of hepatitis a virus (hav): a genetic analysis with hav cdna. | rna transcripts of hepatitis a virus (hav) hm-175 cdna from attenuated, cell culture-adapted hav were infectious in cell culture. a full-length hav cdna from wild-type hav (propagated in marmosets in vivo) was constructed. chimeric cdnas that contained portions of both wild-type and attenuated genomes were produced. oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis was used to engineer a point mutation into the vp1 gene of attenuated hav cdna, so that the sequence of this capsid protein would be identical to ... | 1989 | 2555561 |
| recovery of viruses and bacteria in waters off bondi beach: a pilot study. | a pilot study was conducted between february and april, 1989, on the occurrence of sewage-derived viruses and bacteria in the beach and nearshore waters off bondi, sydney. enteroviruses were isolated from 41% of a total of 66 sewage, sea-water, grease and sediment samples. poliovirus vaccine strains accounted for 78% of the isolates. adenoviruses were isolated four times and coxsackievirus b was isolated twice in samples that were collected away from the bathing area. rotavirus and hepatitis a v ... | 1989 | 2556634 |
| [the possibility of using an indirect method of fluorescent antibodies to the hepatitis a virus in epidemic control practice]. | 1989 | 2556858 | |
| detection of defective genomes in hepatitis a virus particles present in clinical specimens. | hepatitis a virus (hav) particles harbouring a physically defective rna genome have been reported to occur in all hav-infected cell culture systems analysed so far. the most prominent defects consist of three distinct overlapping deletions in the region of the hav genome encoding the structural proteins. by probing for the endpoints of these deletions in rna samples using s1 nuclease and exonuclease vii mapping, we obtained suggestive evidence for the existence also of defective genomes in hav p ... | 1989 | 2558163 |
| hepatitis a antibodies: prevalence in saudi arabia. | hepatitis caused by hepatitis a virus (hav) occurs at a variable prevalence in different countries, and the exposure to hav is as high as 100% in some areas. there appears to be a close association between the prevalence of anti-hav and socioeconomic status and age. in this paper, we report the prevalence of antibody to hav (anti-hav) in five regions covering different parts of saudi arabia. the results of this study show that the overall prevalence of anti-hav is 96% and 95.1% in the total male ... | 1989 | 2558227 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis a, b, and d viruses and human t-lymphocyte tropic viruses in japanese drug abusers. | to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis virus markers and human t-cell lymphotropic virus infections among drug abusers in japan, serum samples were collected from 91 male drug abusers at the shinshu university hospital and the rehabilitation facility in matsumoto and from 519 healthy male blood donors as controls. sera were tested for antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav), hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs), antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc), immu ... | 1989 | 2559157 |
| comparison of ozone inactivation, in flowing water, of hepatitis a virus, poliovirus 1, and indicator organisms. | in steadily flowing water at 20 degrees c and ph 7, five organisms had the following order of resistance to ozone (at constant levels of ozone): poliovirus 1 (pv1) less than escherichia coli less than hepatitis a virus (hav) less than legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 less than bacillus subtilis spores. the tests were repeated at 10 degrees c with hav, pv1, and e. coli. ozone inactivation of hav and e. coli was faster at 10 degrees c than at 20 degrees c. at 20 degrees c, 0.25 to 0.38 mg of o3 ... | 1989 | 2560362 |
| [incidence of markers of hbv and hav infections in workers of the departments and clinics of anesthesiology and intensive care at the medical academy in wrocław]. | the frequency of markers of infection by hepatitis virus a and b was studied among the workers (physicians, nurses, auxiliary personnel) of the chair and department of anaesthesiology and intensive therapy, medical academy in wroclaw. serological tests were done by the immunoenzymatic method using kits of abbott diagnostics division. igg anti-hav antibodies were found in 62.8% of the tested subjects. hbv markers were present in 44.3% of the subjects, that is several times more frequently than in ... | 1989 | 2561863 |
| [seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis a virus among children of maracaibo, venezuela]. | with the purpose of determining the incidence of hepatitis a virus infection, we determined the presence of antibodies against this virus (anti-vha) with the elisa technique in 209 children from maracaibo city of different socioeconomic levels, ages ranging from 6 months to 12 years. at the same time, we investigated the incidence of a recent infection through igm antibodies for hepatitis a (anti-vha igm) using the same elisa technique. we found a global positive incidence of 46.4% for all ages. ... | 1989 | 2562223 |
| immunogenicity of a killed hepatitis a vaccine in seronegative volunteers. | 32 volunteers who lacked antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav) received, at intervals of one month, three injections of a killed vaccine made from hav propagated in diploid human fibroblast cell cultures. in 16 the vaccine was coupled with aluminium hydroxide as adjuvant. the serconversion rates measured by radioimmunoassay, with and without adjuvant respectively, were 13% and 25% at four weeks, 81% and 89% at eight weeks, and 94% and 100% at twelve weeks. four weeks after the third injection all ... | 1989 | 2565998 |
| hepatitis a virus infection in a chimpanzee: duration of viremia and detection of virus in saliva and throat swabs. | the pathogenesis of hepatitis a virus was studied by orally inoculating a chimpanzee with wild-type virus. the virus was initially detected in the animal's serum (day 14 after inoculation); then viral antigen was detected in the tonsils (day 16), virus in the saliva and throat swabs (day 18), and viral antigen in the liver (day 21). the animal was viremic for 2 w. while this study involved a single animal, the presence of hepatitis a virus in saliva and throat swabs suggests a possible oropharyn ... | 1989 | 2572653 |
| differential diagnosis of viral hepatitis based on hepatitis viral markers. | 192 patients of acute viral hepatitis (avh) from three different hospitals of madras metropolitan area during november 1985 to january 1986 were investigated for serologic markers of hepatitis a virus (anti havigm) and hepatitis b virus (hbsag, hbeag, anti hbcigm and anti hbs) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). while the overall pattern of avh in madras as revealed from the study showed hepatitis a to be 36.4%, hepatitis b 34.4% and non-a non-b 29.1%, the pattern differed significantl ... | 1989 | 2592031 |
| apparent effect of immune serum globulin prophylaxis in the military on viral hepatitis incidence in the civilian population in israel. | since 1969, extensive use of immune serum globulin in the israel defence force for prophylaxis against hepatitis a virus (hav) infection has produced a sharp decline in the incidence of the disease. however, it is not clear whether this policy has affected the susceptibility of israeli adults to hav infection. in this study, we examined the effect of the immunisation policy on the incidence of hepatitis a virus infection in the civilian population in the 15-44 year age group, which includes all ... | 1989 | 2592909 |
| the lexington addicts, 1971-1972: demographic characteristics, drug use patterns, and selected infectious disease experience. | the demographics, drug habits, and medical complications of a cohort of 1,129 addicts treated at lexington in the period 1971-1972 were studied. these patients, admitted from 41 different states, had a mean period of addiction of 5.4 years. over one-third of the sample had engaged in pimping or prostitution, and there were no differences by gender in terms of involvement. eight-eight percent had shared injection equipment, and surprisingly, 78% admitted to some effort at sterilizing their "works ... | 1989 | 2599682 |
| hepatitis a in mauritius: an apparent transition from endemic to epidemic transmission patterns. | between january 1984 and december 1985 a large outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred in the island nation of mauritius (population 986,000). no hepatitis epidemics had occurred there since the 1930s. the outbreak involved 2428 reported cases; however, reporting levels were thought to be extremely low. all of the island's nine geographical districts were affected, but cases were concentrated in five districts mostly in the central and northern parts of the island. the highest attack rate occurred ... | 1989 | 2604458 |
| hepatitis a virus infection in children in sardinia, italy. | the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) in a sample of 1662 sardinian children aged 3 to 11 years was estimated by elisa. the overall anti-hav prevalence was 3.8 per cent; it increased from zero among children of 3 to 7.2 per cent in children of 11 years. a slight male predominance was observed (4 versus 3.6 per cent). anti-hav prevalence was inversely related to the number of years of education received by the father and positively related to the number of households in the s ... | 1989 | 2634514 |
| inactivation of hepatitis viruses and hiv in plasma and plasma derivatives by treatment with beta-propiolactone/uv irradiation. | a combined treatment of plasma or plasma derivatives by beta-propiolactone (beta-pl)/uv irradiation is in use at biotest for the preparation of the virus-safe, stabilized serum (biseko) and coagulation factor concentrates. the efficacy of this sterilization procedure has been demonstrated for hav (greater than 8.2 log10), hbv (6.9 log10), nanbhv (greater than 4.5 log10) and hiv (greater than 6.0 log10). the methods used in these studies (titration in chimpanzees or cell cultures) are not applica ... | 1989 | 2642784 |
| nucleosomal fragments in serum may directly reflect cell-mediated cytotoxic activity in vivo. | in in vitro experiments the activity of cytotoxic t-cells and natural killer cells has been shown to cause nuclear dna fragmentation leading to the release of nucleosomal multimers from the target cells. these multimers form a ladder-like pattern with a periodicity of approximately 200 bp during gel electrophoresis. the objective of the present study was to show the relevance of the presence of these nucleosomal multimers in vivo during diseases that show cell-mediated cytotoxicity. nucleosomal ... | 1989 | 2670364 |
| development of an enzyme immunoassay using recombinant expressed antigen to detect hepatitis delta virus antibodies. | two generic enzyme immunoassays (eias) were developed for detection of anti-hepatitis delta virus antibodies (anti-hd) and compared with a commercially available radioimmunoassay. both generic assays were configured as blocking assays and used hepatitis delta antigen (hdag) derived from infected chimpanzee liver (eia-1) or from escherichia coli transformed with a plasmid containing an insert from within an open reading frame encoding hdag (eia-2). absolute sensitivity was ascertained by endpoint ... | 1989 | 2685022 |
| [outbreaks of pseudotuberculosis and intestinal yersiniosis among soviet specialists and members of their families in the mongolian people's republic]. | in summer and winter of 1986 two outbreaks of alimentary enteric diseases occurred among soviet specialists and members of their families in ulan bator. these diseases were identified as yersinia infections registered in mongolia for the first time. in july 114 children in a kindergarten fell ill after being fed with salad prepared from vegetables and spring onions supplied from a nearby state farm. 20 y. pseudotuberculosis cultures, serovar 1, were isolated, and in 25 persons antibodies to the ... | 1989 | 2686302 |
| [the hiv patient in the surgical emergency unit]. | at the emergency station of the surgical department of the university hospital in zurich, 90% of the group with high risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus are intravenous drug abusers and 10% are promiscuous homosexuals. when compared with the group of i.v. drug addicts, the group of homosexual patients is small, as homosexual behaviour is not recognised and drug consumption and surgical emergency cases occur more often with i.v. drug addicts than with homosexuals. surgical ill ... | 1989 | 2704921 |
| [fulminant hepatic failure due to hepatitis a]. | fulminant hepatic failure accompanied by encephalopathy is a rare complication of acute liver disease, especially infection due to hepatitis a virus. we describe a 24-year-old woman and a 27-year-old man who developed this complication. one case presented with loss of consciousness and ended fatally. in the other the presenting symptoms were mental confusion and transient asterixis. although hepatitis due to virus a is usually mild and the course favorable, one should be aware of the possibility ... | 1989 | 2707677 |
| viral hepatitis. an important sexually transmitted disease. | hepatitis b is an important sexually transmitted disease. the availability of a safe and effective vaccine has unfortunately had little impact on controlling this disease nationwide or in north carolina, chiefly because target groups have proven difficult to reach. both hav and nanb can be transmitted sexually, but are much less important than hbv. | 1989 | 2710226 |
| antibodies to glutaraldehyde-polymerized human albumin (anti-phsa) in viral hepatitis. | the antibody to polymerized human albumin (anti-phsa) was studied in normal subjects and in the course of infection from hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis non-a, non-b virus. results show that anti-phsa antibody was never found in normal subjects, but it appeared during virus liver pathologies. the behavior of anti-phsa differs in acute type a hepatitis that does not change to chronic form and in those forms which tend to become chronic (b and nona, nonb). in the type-a infecti ... | 1989 | 2766911 |
| hepatitis a and b infections in yaoundé, cameroon. | hepatitis a and b virus infections are common in the tropics. there is, however, no information concerning hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in cameroon, while data on the hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection are incomplete. sera from 272 subjects attending the central hospital, yaoundé, for blood donations or mild ailments were tested by an elisa technique for the presence of anti-hav total antibody; antibody was found in 217 (79.8%). when 188 subjects (randomly chosen from the 272) were further t ... | 1989 | 2787924 |
| biochemical and clinical response of fulminant viral hepatitis to administration of prostaglandin e. a preliminary report. | the effect of pg on patients with fulminant and subfulminant viral hepatitis (fhf) was studied. 17 patients presented with fhf secondary to hepatitis a (n = 3), hepatitis b (n = 6), and non-a, non-b (nanb) hepatitis (n = 8). 14 of the 17 patients had stage iii or iv hepatic encephalopathy (he). at presentation the mean aspartate transaminase (ast) was 1,844 +/- 1,246 u/liter, bilirubin 232 +/- 135 mumol/liter, prothrombin time (pt) 34 +/- 18, partial thromboplastin time (ptt) 73 +/- 26 s, and co ... | 1989 | 2794044 |
| [hepatitis a--results of the analysis of 3,111 hospitalized patients]. | the results of the analysis of 3.111 patients admitted to the hospital with hepatitis a (ha) were reported. the serodiagnosis of acute type a hepatitis was confirmed by presence of igm antibody to hepatitis a virus (igm anti-hav) detected by solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria havab-m, abbott). the majority of patients were between 11-15 (24%) and 21-30 (25%) years of age and even 15% of a total number were older than 30 years. the number of males and females with ha was not significantly differen ... | 1989 | 2796573 |
| decline in the exposure to hepatitis a and b infections in children in naples, italy. | in may 1988, the hepatitis a antibody (anti-hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers were studied by radioimmunoassay in 484 apparently healthy children between the ages of 7 and 12, attending a primary school in naples, italy. the overall anti-hav prevalence was 11.2%, increasing from 5.2 in 7-year-old children to 28.2% in children between the ages of 11 and 12 years old. the overall prevalence of the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and of other hbv markers were 0.8 and 6.8 respectively. co ... | 1989 | 2798751 |
| [acute hepatitis a in pregnancy: a report of 43 cases]. | forty-three cases of pregnancy associated with acute hepatitis treated in our hospital from february to june 1988 were analysed. eighteen cases got hepatitis a in the second trimester and 25 cases in the third trimester. all the patients had symptoms and signs of hepatitis, increased level of serum glutamine pyruvic transaminase and the diagnosis was confirmed by antihepatitis a virus igm (anti hav-igm) assay. 1-3 of markers hbsag, anti-hbs, hbeag, anti-hbe and anti-hbc were positive in 31 cases ... | 1989 | 2805935 |
| structure of the hepatitis a virion: identification of potential surface-exposed regions. | iodination of highly purified hepatitis a (hav) virus results in the selective labeling of two viral polypeptides, which are identified as the the vp 1 and vp 2 capsid polypeptides. based upon the kinetics of labeling, the exposed region of vp 1 appears to be more accessible to iodination, although the ultimate proportion of label present within vp 1 and vp 2 is approximately equal. by utilizing iodinated whole virions, isolated vp 1, vp 2, and the tryptic digest derived from vp 1 and vp 2, bind ... | 1989 | 2466453 |
| morphological changes in hav-infected frp/3 cells and immunolocalization of haag. | electron and immunoelectron microscopic studies were carried out on hav-infected frp/3 cells. the infection led to a distinctive cytopathic effect (cpe) arising on day 3 up to the complete detachment of monolayers on day 7. infected cells exhibited progressive modifications, beginning from the formation of long helical polyribosomes. subsequently, hypertrophy, cisternal dilatation and degranulation of the rer could be observed. furthermore, the formation of concentric membranous bodies (cmb), la ... | 1989 | 2468326 |
| interferon treatment in acute progressive and fulminant hepatitis. | a small proportion of patients with acute viral hepatitis run a progressive fulminant course ending in acute liver failure with encephalopathy, and with a mortality rate of 75-80%. in small children and pregnant women mortality is even higher. we have treated 32 patients of all ages with acute progressive and fulminant hepatitis over the last 7 years in an uncontrolled trial with human interferon-alpha (hulfn-alpha), with i.m. doses of 3 x 10(6) u/day (70,000 u/kg per day for infants) for 8 +/- ... | 1989 | 2474521 |
| cytoplasmic antigen in hepatocytes of chimpanzees infected with non-a, non-b hepatitis virus or hepatitis delta virus: relationship to interferon. | we previously described a cytoplasmic antigen, detected by monoclonal antibodies, in hepatocytes of chimpanzees experimentally infected with the parenterally transmitted form of non-a, non-b hepatitis virus or with the hepatitis delta virus. the expression of this antigen appears to be a host-specified response to infection with these two hepatitis viruses but not with hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus or enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis virus. to determine whether this antigen, ... | 1989 | 2478436 |
| insertion of short hepatitis virus a amino acid sequences into poliovirus antigenic determinants results in viable progeny. | in an infectious poliovirus cdna construct, the determinant encoding antigenic epitope n-ag1 (in a loop located between two beta-strands in poly-peptide vp1) was altered by site-directed mutagenesis, to be partially similar with the determinants for presumptive epitopes in polypeptides vp1 or vp3 of hepatitis a virus (hav). the modified constructs proved to be infectious. however, another construct, in which the same locus encoded a 'nonsense' and a relatively hydrophobic amino acid sequence, ex ... | 1989 | 2479578 |
| enzootic hepatitis a infection in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). | during a toxicology study in cynomolgus (long-tailed or crab-eating) monkeys (macaca fascicularis), a randomly distributed incidence of significantly increased hepatic enzyme activity was observed. premedication hepatic enzyme activity in all monkeys of this study was normal, but increased alanine aminotransferase (alt) activity was found in 4 of the 24 animals 2 weeks after initiation of the study and in 10 of 24 at 4 weeks. a drug-related effect was considered unlikely initially because the in ... | 1988 | 32093430 |
| acute delta superinfection in a previously unrecognised hbsag carrier with transient loss of hbsag simulating acute non-a, non-b hepatitis. | an 18 yr old previously well male taiwanese was admitted with malaise, anorexia, and jaundice for two weeks. results of liver tests were compatible with acute hepatitis. on day 1, he was seronegative for hbsag, igm anti-hav, igm anti-hbc, igm anti-cmv, and igm ebv capsid ab, but positive for anti-delta in association with anti-hbc and anti-hbs. at follow up on day 5 hbsag converted to positive with decreasing titre of anti-hbs. on day 19, the titre of hbsag increased concomitantly with loss of a ... | 1988 | 3135251 |
| hepatitis a virus and non-a, non-b virus superinfections in hbsag chronic carriers. | clinical course, morphologic changes, immunohistochemical localization of hbv-associated markers (hbsag, hbcag), and serum hbv-dna production are described in 2 chronic hbsag carriers superinfected with hav and hepatitis non-a, non-b virus. our data suggest that the superinfections do not cause more severe disease and do not influence the clinical course of the hbsag chronic carriers. our observations indicate that a careful diagnosis of hepatocytolysis is necessary in hbv chronic infection, in ... | 1988 | 3146516 |
| fulminant viral hepatitis in kuwait. | this study describes the aetiology and clinical course of fulminant viral hepatitis in 34 patients. sixteen of 34 (47%) patients presented with serological evidence that indicated that hepatitis b virus (hbv) was the cause of fulminant hepatitis, while in 13 of 34 (38%) non-a, non-b (nanb) virus was implicated as the cause. further, in three cases (9%) and two cases (6%) the patients' serological data indicated that hepatitis a (hav) and the delta agent superinfection, respectively, were the cau ... | 1988 | 3151428 |
| spontaneous and experimental hepatitis a in old world monkeys. | virologic, serologic, biochemical, and morphological data characterizing spontaneous hepatitis a (ha) in cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) and green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) are reported. experimental ha was induced in macaques as a result of infection with human hepatitis a virus (hav-h). disease similar to human ha was induced in cynomolgus macaques by hav isolates from spontaneously sick rhesus (m. mulatta) and green monkeys. this experimental model of ha in macaques can be us ... | 1988 | 3193448 |
| an outbreak of foodborne hepatitis a in a factory: a possible shift in age of patients in japan. | we investigated extensively an outbreak of hepatitis a at a factory in suburban nagoya. epidemiological study indicated a foodborne outbreak by a supplier of lunches. serologically, all the employees younger than 30 years of age had been susceptible to hepatitis a virus, but the highest morbidity was observed in the 40-44 age group. the age difference in morbidity from foodborne hepatitis and susceptible populations suggests a shift in mean patient age linked to a shift in antibody prevalence to ... | 1988 | 3225097 |
| increasing age--an important adverse prognostic factor in hepatitis a virus infection. | 1988 | 3230539 | |
| [prevalence of hepatitis caused by a, b and d virus in children]. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence due to hepatitis a, b and d viruses infection in children. a total of 286 children from madrid area with ages ranging between 0 and 13 years were included. the sample was randomized with respect to the sex and age referring to the total population of madrid. the anti-hav was positive in 15.16% of cases, with an increasing lineal correlation with age. any marker of hbv infection was found in 6.6% and hbsag in 1.4%. there was an exponential cor ... | 1988 | 3232891 |
| influenza-like syndrome in homosexual men: a prospective diagnostic study. | in the course of a prospective study of the prevalence and incidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and risk factors for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome among 961 homosexual men, 97 initially hiv antibody seronegative men reported a febrile period lasting at least three days. in 60 of these men serological evidence for an infection was found: influenza a or b virus (17 men), hiv (14), epstein-barr virus (seven), parainfluenza virus type i, 11 or ill (five), hepa ... | 1988 | 3256668 |
| the seroepidemiology of hepatitis a virus infection in jordan. | 1988 | 3262944 | |
| sexually transmitted diseases, antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, and subsequent development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. visitors of homosexual sauna clubs in copenhagen: 1982-1983. | sera from 260 men from denmark and elsewhere attending two copenhagen sauna clubs for homosexual men during nine months of 1982-1983 were investigated for markers for syphilis, hepatitis a and b, and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). five per cent (12 men) had active syphilis, and another 35% (92) had a history of and/or serologic markers for syphilis. ninety-four men (36%) were positive for antibodies to hepatitis a virus, ten (4%) were positive for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), and 15 ... | 1988 | 3358236 |
| reactivation of hepatitis b virus in anti-hbe-positive chronic active type b hepatitis: molecular and immunohistochemical studies. | the causes of acute clinical exacerbations, and the role of reactivation of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in 16 non-cirrhotic patients with chronic active type b hepatitis (cah-b) negative for serum hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) but positive for anti-hbe, were studied by molecular hybridization and immunohistochemical methods. igm antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav igm) and antibody to delta agent (anti-delta) were negative in all. hbeag reappeared transiently in only two patients. serum hepatiti ... | 1988 | 3360397 |
| prevalence of hepatitis a virus infection in spain. | 1988 | 3363302 | |
| a prospective study of viral hepatitis a and the question of chronicity. | in a prospective study, the author followed up the course of hepatitis a (ha) in 451 patients, predominantly schoolchildren, who were treated in the years 1982-1985 in the department for infectious diseases of the celje municipal hospital. ha was identified by the present of hepatitis a virus igm class (anti-hav-iggm) in the serum, and in one-third of the patients (38.6%) also with serological proof of the presence of the hepatitis a virus antigen (haag) in the feces. other liver diseases which ... | 1988 | 3371849 |
| studies of prototype live hepatitis a virus vaccines in primate models. | we have prepared two prototype live hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccines by serial passage of the hm-175 strain of hav in african green monkey kidney cells. passage 21 (p-21) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for chimpanzees but not for marmosets; passage 32 (p-32) hm-175 virus shows evidence of attenuation for both species. animals that received p-32 hav had fewer elevations in levels of liver enzyme activity and evidence of less virus replication in the liver and excretion of virus in sto ... | 1988 | 2826614 |
| biphasic form of hepatitis a virus infection: a frequent variant in argentina. | in a retrospective study, we review here the clinical presentation of patients with the biphasic form of hepatitis a, a variant of viral hepatitis characterised by an increase in alat levels after an initial recovery in clinical condition and laboratory tests. twenty-one patients were diagnosed as having a biphasic form; they represent about 10% of a selected population of hepatitis a cases. six patients were asymptomatic. eleven patients were jaundiced, nine of them showing a "cholestatic" patt ... | 1988 | 2452950 |
| [comparative study of a diagnostic agent for detecting the antigen of the hepatitis a virus: dried erythrocyte immunoglobulin]. | the results of the trials of dried erythrocyte immunoglobulin immunodiagnosticum for the detection of hepatitis a virus antigen, developed by a group of scientists at the tashkent research institute for vaccines and sera, are presented. the immunodiagnosticum is specific to hepatitis a virus antigen and suitable for the detection of this antigen in fecal and urine samples from patients with viral hepatitis a in the acute stage of the disease. | 1988 | 2455395 |
| identification of an immunodominant antigenic site involving the capsid protein vp3 of hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus, an hepatotropic picornavirus, is a common cause of acute hepatitis in man for which there is no available vaccine. competitive binding studies carried out in solid phase suggest that neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis a virus recognize a limited number of epitopes on the capsid surface, although the polypeptide locations of these epitopes are not well defined. neutralization-escape mutants, selected for resistance to monoclonal antibodies, demonstrate broad cross- ... | 1988 | 2460866 |
| inapparent infection of hepatitis a virus. | to detect inapparent infection with hepatitis a virus, serial sera were collected from patients with hepatitis a and their contacts in two waterborne epidemics in china. epidemic 1 occurred in a rural village near hangzhou during august 1978-january 1979, and epidemic 2 took place in a rural primary school in pinghu county in zhejiang in april-may 1985. these sera were tested for antibodies against hepatitis a virus (anti-hav), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sgpt) activity, and icteric ind ... | 1988 | 2829622 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of a cell culture-adapted variant of hepatitis a virus: comparison with wild-type virus with restricted capacity for in vitro replication. | to determine the molecular changes associated with adaptation of hepatitis a virus (hav) to growth in cell culture, the genome of a cell culture-adapted variant of hm175 strain hav (p16 hm175, 16th in vitro passage level) was molecularly cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence of the virus was determined. compared with wild-type virus, p16 hm175 replicates efficiently in monkey kidney (bs-c-1) cells (approximately 58 rna-containing particles per one infectious unit, compared with 2.4 x 10(5) ... | 1988 | 2833008 |