Publications

rapid assessment of insect fragments in flour milled from wheat infested with known densities of immature and adult sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae).	milling wheat, triticum aestivum l., infested with low densities of internal feeding insects can result in flour containing insect fragments. the food and drug administration (fda) enforces a standard or defect action level stating that a maximum of 75 insect fragments per 50 g of flour is allowed. however, the relationship between level of infestation and number of resulting fragments is not well documented, and a more rapid method for enumerating insect fragments is needed. we characterized th ...	2007	17972652
transcriptome analysis of trichothecene-induced gene expression in barley.	fusarium head blight, caused primarily by fusarium graminearum, is a major disease problem on barley (hordeum vulgare l.). trichothecene mycotoxins produced by the fungus during infection increase the aggressiveness of the fungus and promote infection in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). loss-of-function mutations in the tri5 gene in f. graminearum result in the inability to synthesize trichothecenes and in reduced virulence on wheat. we examined the impact of pathogen-derived trichothecenes on viru ...	2007	17977148
a set of modular binary vectors for transformation of cereals.	genetic transformation of crop plants offers the possibility of testing hypotheses about the function of individual genes as well as the exploitation of transgenes for targeted trait improvement. however, in most cereals, this option has long been compromised by tedious and low-efficiency transformation protocols, as well as by the lack of versatile vector systems. after having adopted and further improved the protocols for agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation of barley (hordeum vulgare) ...	2007	17981986
photorespiratory and respiratory decarboxylations in leaves of c3 plants under different co2 concentrations and irradiances.	we used an advanced radiogasometric method to study the effects of short-term changes in co2 concentration ([co2]) on the rates and substrates of photorespiratory and respiratory decarboxylations under steady-state photosynthesis and in the dark. experiments were carried out on plantago lanceolata, poa trivialis, secale cereale, triticum aestivum, helianthus annuus and arabidopsis thaliana plants. rates of photorespiration and respiration measured at a low [co2] (40 micromol mol(-1)) were equal ...	2007	17986155
fusarium graminearum-induced changes in gene expression between fusarium head blight-resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars.	fusarium head blight (fhb), primarily caused by fusarium graminearum schw., is a destructive disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). although several genes related to fhb resistance have been reported, global analysis of gene expression in response to fhb infection remains to be explored. the expression patterns of transcriptomes from wheat spikes of fhb-resistant cultivar ning 7840 and susceptible cultivar clark were monitored during a period of 72 h after inoculation (hai) with f. graminearum ...	2007	16636822
the promoter of the wheat puroindoline-a gene (pina) exhibits a more complex pattern of activity than that of the pinb gene and is induced by wounding and pathogen attack in rice.	puroindolines form the molecular basis of wheat grain hardness. however, little is known about puroindoline gene regulation. we previously reported that the triticum aestivum puroindoline-b gene (pinb) promoter directs beta-glucuronidase gene (uida) seed-specific expression in transgenic rice. in this study, we isolated a puroindoline-a gene (pina), analyzed pina promoter activity by 5' deletions and compared pina and pinb promoters in transgenic rice. seeds of pina-1214 and pinb-1063 transgenic ...	2007	16845527
bioavailability of selenium to forage crops in a sandy loam soil amended with se-rich plant materials.	greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the bioavailability of selenium (se) to sorghum (sorghum bicolor l.), maize (zea mays l.) and berseem (trifolium alexandrinum l.) fodders in a sandy loam soil amended with different levels of se-rich wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and raya (brassica juncea l. czern) straw containing 53.3 and 136.7microg seg(-1), respectively. each of the fodder crops was grown after incorporation of se-rich materials either individually or in a sequence - sorghum-maiz ...	2007	16919705
active carbon-pools in rhizosphere of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration in a typic haplustept in sub-tropical india.	study on active and labile carbon-pools can serve as a clue for soil organic carbon dynamics on exposure to elevated level of co2. therefore, an experimental study was conducted in a typic haplustept in sub-tropical semi-arid india with wheat grown in open top chambers at ambient (370 micromol mol-1) and elevated (600 micromol mol-1) concentrations of atmospheric co2. elevated atmospheric co2 caused increase in yield and carbon uptake by all plant parts, and their preferential partitioning to ro ...	2007	17055632
low-energy ion beam promotes the transcription and transposition of the copia-retrotransposons in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	ltr-retrotransposons are genetic elements having the direct long terminal repeats (ltrs). it can move via an rna intermediate within genomes and is an important fraction of eukaryote genomes. low-energy n(+) ion beam promoted the transcription of the copia-retransposons in those wheat (cv. 'zhoumai 16', which were radiated and allowed to grow for 24 h and 48 h from the planting. relative expression ratio of the copia-retransposons was elevated in different degrees (with a max 40 fold) in wheat p ...	2007	18349504
association analysis of historical bread wheat germplasm using additive genetic covariance of relatives and population structure.	linkage disequilibrium can be used for identifying associations between traits of interest and genetic markers. this study used mapped diversity array technology (dart) markers to find associations with resistance to stem rust, leaf rust, yellow rust, and powdery mildew, plus grain yield in five historical wheat international multienvironment trials from the international maize and wheat improvement center (cimmyt). two linear mixed models were used to assess marker-trait associations incorporat ...	2007	17947425
comparison of newly synthetic hexaploid wheat with its donors on ssr products.	microsatellites or ssrs as powerful genetic markers have widely been used in genetics and evolutionary biology in common wheat. because of the high polymorphism, newly synthesized hexaploid wheat has been used in the construction of genetic segregation population for ssr markers. however, data on the evolution of microsatellites during the polyploidization event of hexaploid wheat are limited. in this study, 66 pairs of specific to a/b genome ssr patterns among newly synthesized hexaploid wheat, ...	2007	17945172
application of the anova-pca method to stability studies of reference materials.	near infrared spectroscopy (nirs) is an analytical technique that can be very useful for stability studies in particular because of its non destructive analytical capability. however, the spectral interpretation and treatment of this kind of multivariate data remains difficult without the use of chemometrics. in this article, a recent chemometrics method, analysis of variance--principal component analysis (anova-pca), was used for nirs stability studies of sunflower and bread wheat external refe ...	2007	17963834
[production of wheat-rye substitution lines based on winter rye cultivars with karyotype identification by means of c-banding, gish, and ssr markers].	the study presents a continuation of the research aimed at producing of wheat-rye substitution lines based on the cross (triticum aestivum l. x secale sereale l.) x triticum aestivum l., and using winter rye cultivars vyatka and vietnamskaya mestnaya. in bc1f5 two lines were identified, having karyotypes in which a pair of homologous wheat chromosomes was substituted by a homeologous pair of rye chromosomes. the chromosome composition of these lines was analyzed using c-banding, gish, and ssr ma ...	2007	17958318
[phytopathological and molecular genetic identification of brown rust resistance genes in common wheat accessions with alien genetic material].	brown rust resistance genes were sought in 23 resistant common wheat accessions with alien genetic material of aegilops speltoides, ae. triuncialis, and triticum kiharae from the arsenal collection. the genes were identified by common phytopathological tests and pcr analysis with sts markers directed to the known lr genes. none of the methods identified the resistance genes in two accessions. in the other accessions, the combination of the two methods broadened the spectrum of detectable genes a ...	2007	17958305
effects of reciprocal crosses on agronomic performance of tritordeum.	tritordeums (tritordeum ascherson et graebner) are the amphiploids derived from the crosses between hordeum chilense and durum or bread wheats. primary tritordeums are obtained using h. chilense as female parent and therefore they exhibit h. chilense cytoplasm. the effect of wheat cytoplasm on agronomic performance of tritordeums was investigated. we developed four pairs of reciprocal f1 lines only differing in their cytoplasm, donated from wheat or h. chilense alternatively. the agronomic perfo ...	2007	17958303
qtl analysis for some quantitative traits in bread wheat.	quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis was conducted in bread wheat for 14 important traits utilizing data from four different mapping populations involving different approaches of qtl analysis. analysis for grain protein content (gpc) suggested that the major part of genetic variation for this trait is due to environmental interactions. in contrast, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (phst) was controlled mainly by main effect qtl (m-qtl) with very little genetic variation due to environmental int ...	2007	17973342
identification of a major quantitative trait locus conditioning resistance to greenbug biotype e in sorghum pi 550610 using simple sequence repeat markers.	greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rondani), represents the most important pest insect of sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.) moench, in the great plains of the united states. biotype e is the most widespread and dominant type not only in sorghum and wheat, triticum aestivum l., fields, but also on many noncultivated grass species. this study was designed to determine sorghum accession pi 550610 resistance to greenbug biotype e, to map the resistance quantitative trait loci (qtls) by using an established ...	2007	17972647
effect of water deficit on carbohydrate status and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in seedlings of wheat cultivars.	the effect of water deficit on carbohydrate status and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (alpha and beta amylases, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, acid and alkaline invertases) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated in the seedlings of drought-sensitive (pbw 343) and drought-tolerant (c 306) cultivars. the water deficit was induced by adding 6% mannitol (water potential -0.815 mpa) in the growth medium. the water deficit reduced starch content in the shoots of tolerant s ...	2007	17970280
the membrane topology of almt1, an aluminum-activated malate transport protein in wheat (triticum aestivum).	the wheat almt1 gene encodes an aluminum (al)-activated malate transport protein which confers al-resistance. we investigated the membrane topology of this plasma-membrane localized protein with immunocytochemical techniques. several green fluorescent protein (gfp)-fused and histidine (his)-tagged chimeras of almt1 were prepared based on a computer-predicted secondary structure and transiently expressed in cultured mammalian cells. antibodies raised to polypeptide epitopes of almt1 were used in ...	2007	19517008
preferential elimination of chromosome 1d from homoeologous group-1 alien addition lines in hexaploid wheat.	alien chromosome addition lines are useful genetic material for studying the effect of an individual chromosome in the same genetic background. however, addition lines are sometimes unstable and tend to lose the alien chromosome in subsequent generations. in this study, we report preferential removal of chromosome 1d rather than the alien chromosome from homoeologous group-1 addition lines. the agropyron intermedium chromosome 1agi (1e) addition line, created in the background of 'vilmorin 27', ...	2007	17991995
[genetic analysis of contribution of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits to dough strength in common wheat].	locus-specific primers of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes and gliadin bands tightly linked to lmw-gs genes were analyzed to evaluate the effect of lmw-gs genes on dough strength in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). analysis of the f9 progeny from two crosses '99g45/jing771' and 'pm97034/j771' showed that the lmw-gs genes located at the glu-b3 locus from the three parents had six cysteine, but 'pb' (define) had a seven amino-acid deletion in the repetitive to 'gb' and 'jb' ...	2007	17989052
[the influence of elicitor on the distribution pattern of microtubule and the cytosolic calcium in mesophyll protoplast of wheat].	by using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the fluo-3 am of ca2+ fluorescein, wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars lovrin 10 and 5389 were selected as mesophyll protoplast material interaction with elicitor in this paper for studying the relationship between the pattern of microtubule and [ca2+]cyt. confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) was used and pharmacologic examination was set. the results indicated: when treated with elicitor, the cytosolic calcium in the protoplasts ...	2007	17966457
inheritance and expression of copies of transgenes 1dx5 and 1ax1 in elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties transferred from transgenic wheat through conventional crossing.	to study the inheritance and expression of multiple copies of transgenes from transgenic wheat lines, three crosses between transgenic wheat lines b72-8-11b and b102-1-2 and chinese elite wheat varieties chuan89-107 and emai18 were carried out. chuan89-107x72-8-11b, chuan89-107x102-1-2 and emai18x72-8-11b, and f(1) plants were selfed or backcrossed to obtain different generation populations. protein analysis in grains of f(1) and f(2) and backcross progenies of bc(1)f(1), bc(1)f(2), bc(1)f(3), b ...	2007	17492135
response of photosynthetic apparatus to moderate high temperature in contrasting wheat cultivars at different oxygen concentrations.	the photosynthetic responses to moderately high temperatures (38 degrees c, imposed at 21% or 2% o(2) in air and 1500 mumol m(-2) s(-1)) were compared in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars grown in northern regions of ukraine and expected to be relatively sensitive to high temperatures ('north' cultivars) and in cultivars grown in southern regions and expected to be relatively heat-tolerant ('south' cultivars). heating intact leaves in 21% o(2) for 1 h decreased co(2) assimilation by c. 63% ...	2007	17490996
kraft mill sludge to improve vegetal production in chilean andisol.	the effect of kraft mill sludge addition (25 to 75 ton/ha) to soil derived from volcanic ashes (andisol) on wheat (triticum aestivum l.cv. puken) biomass production, and in the nutrient absorption by the plants was evaluated. respiration activity and seed germination tests were carried out on the soil/sludge mixtures, in order to evaluate possible toxic effects due to the sludge addition to the soil. soil without sludge was used as a control treatment. the plants were grown in a greenhouse (25 d ...	2007	17486832
[introgression of aegilops genetic material into the genome of hexaploid triticale].	cytological analysis of different meiosis stages was performed in f4 hybrids in comparison with the f1 hybrids obtained through crosses between the hexaploid triticale and genome-substitution forms of aurolata (aabbuu) and aurosis (aabbs(sh)s(sh)) wheat, in which d genome of common wheat aurora was substituted for the genomes of aegilops umbellulata and ae. sharonensis, respectively. it was demonstrated that in f4 the level of bivalent conjugation was substantially higher than the expected one. ...	2007	17486755
hemi-nested touchdown pcr combined with primer-template mismatch pcr for rapid isolation and sequencing of low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene family from a hexaploid wheat bac library.	hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) possesses a large genome that contains 1.6 x 1010 bp of dna. isolation of a large number of gene sequences from complex gene families with a high level of gene sequence identity from genomic dna is therefore difficult and time-consuming. bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries can be useful for such work. here we report on an efficient approach for rapid isolation and sequencing of the low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene family from the 'glen ...	2007	17480230
physical mapping and identification of a candidate for the leaf rust resistance gene lr1 of wheat.	lr1 is a dominant leaf rust resistance gene located on chromosome 5dl of bread wheat and the wild species aegilops tauschii. in this study, three polymorphic markers (wr001, wr002, and wr003) were developed from resistance gene analogs (rgas) clustering around the lr1 locus. using these and other markers, lr1 was mapped to a genetic interval of 0.79 cm in ae. tauschii and 0.075 cm in wheat. the caps marker wr003, derived from lr1rga1, co-segregated with lr1 in both mapping populations of wheat a ...	2007	17479240
molecular rearrangement in por macrodomains as a reason for the blue shift of chlorophyllide fluorescence observed after phototransformation.	the activation energy and activation volume of the spectral blue shift subsequent to protochlorophyllide phototransformation (called shibata shift in intact leaves) were studied in prolamellar body (plb) and prothylakoid-(pt)-enriched membrane fractions prepared from dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum, l.) leaves. the measurements were done at 20, 30 and 40 degrees c and at various pressure values. the activation energy values were 181+/-8 kj mol(-1) and 188+/-6 kj mol(-1) for the plbs and the ...	2007	17459331
d hordeins of hordeum chilense: a novel source of variation for improvement of wheat.	the high molecular weight subunits of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) glutenin (hmw-gs) are important in determining the bread-making quality of flour and dough. there is therefore interest in transferring orthologous hmw-gs present in other grass species into wheat by wide crossing in order to extend the range of end use properties. in this work, we have isolated and characterized two genes encoding d hordeins from hordeum chilense (roem. et schult.) lines h1 and h7, representing two ecotypes. the ...	2007	17458535
role of hydrogen peroxide during the interaction between the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen septoria tritici and wheat.	hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) is reported to inhibit biotrophic but benefit necrotrophic pathogens. infection by necrotrophs can result in a massive accumulation of h(2)o(2) in hosts. little is known of how pathogens with both growth types are affected (hemibiotrophs). the hemibiotroph, septoria tritici, infecting wheat (triticum aestivum) is inhibited by h(2)o(2) during the biotrophic phase, but a large h(2)o(2) accumulation occurs in the host during reproduction. here, we infiltrated catalase, ...	2007	17447918
grinding up wheat: a massive loss of nucleotide diversity since domestication.	several demographic and selective events occurred during the domestication of wheat from the allotetraploid wild emmer (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides). cultivated wheat has since been affected by other historical events. we analyzed nucleotide diversity at 21 loci in a sample of 101 individuals representing 4 taxa corresponding to representative steps in the recent evolution of wheat (wild, domesticated, cultivated durum, and bread wheats) to unravel the evolutionary history of cultivated w ...	2007	17443011
a qtl on chromosome 6a in bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is associated with longer coleoptiles, greater seedling vigour and final plant height.	wheat crops with greater early vigour shade the soil surface more rapidly and reduce water loss. evaporative losses affect water-use efficiency particularly in drier regions where most of the rainfall occurs early in the growing season before canopy closure. greater seedling leaf area and longer coleoptiles are major determinants of increased vigour and better crop establishment. a previously developed high vigour breeding line 'vigour 18' was used to establish a large recombinant inbred family ...	2007	17429602
allelic variation of polyphenol oxidase (ppo) genes located on chromosomes 2a and 2d and development of functional markers for the ppo genes in common wheat.	polyphenol oxidase (ppo) activity is highly related to the undesirable browning of wheat-based end products, especially asian noodles. characterization of ppo genes and the development of their functional markers are of great importance for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. in the present study, complete genomic dna sequences of two ppo genes, one each located on chromosomes 2a and 2d and their allelic variants were characterized by means of in silico cloning and experimental validati ...	2007	17426955
using genotype x nitrogen interaction variables to evaluate the qtl involved in wheat tolerance to nitrogen constraints.	lower market prices and environmental concerns now orientate wheat (triticum aestivum l.) breeding programs towards low input agricultural practices, and more particularly low nitrogen (n) input management. such programs require knowledge of the genetic determination of plant reaction to n deficiency. our aim was to characterize the genetic basis of n use efficiency and genotype x n interactions. the detection of qtl for grain yield, grain protein yield and their components was performed on a ma ...	2007	17569029
high salt stress induces swollen prothylakoids in dark-grown wheat and alters both prolamellar body transformation and reformation after irradiation.	high salinity causes ion imbalance and osmotic stress in plants. leaf sections from 8-d-old dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum cv. giza 168) were exposed to high salt stress (600 mm) and the native arrangements of plastid pigments together with the ultrastructure of the plastids were studied using low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. although plastids from salt-treated leaves had highly swollen prothylakoids (pts) the prolamellar bodies (plbs) were reg ...	2007	17562691
genetic analysis of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the study was carried out to investigate the nature of gene action determining the inheritance pattern of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in eight wheat varieties (pak 81, pothowar 93, parwaz 94, shahkar 95, suleiman 96, chakwal 97, kohistan 97 and mh 97) selected on the basis of phenotypic diversity. in order to ascertain the gene action involved in the inheritance of these characters, the techniques like analysis of variance of hayman model and genetic component analysis were employed. ...	2007	19093437
priming of seeds with nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (snp) alleviates the inhibition on wheat seed germination by salt stress.	the effect of snp, an no donor, on seed germination of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. 'dk961') under salt stress was studied. the results showed that priming of seeds with 0.06 mmol/l snp for 24 h markedly alleviated the decrease of the germination percentage, germination index, vigor index and imbibition rate of wheat seeds under salt stress. snp significantly alleviated the decrease of the beta-amylase activity but almost did not affect the alpha-amylase activity of wheat seeds under salt str ...	2007	17556812
[the mechanisms of variation of subtelomeric repeats speltl in the progeny of introgressive line triticum aestivum l. x aegilops speltoides tausch].	quantitative variation of species-specific subtelomeric repeat speltl was studied in the progeny of an individual accession from the introgressive line triticum aestivum x aegilops speltoides. in the progeny, no cases of the speltl increased content were observed. on the contrary, in some cases statistically significant decrease of the repeat copy number was detected. it seems likely that the mechanisms of the spelt1 elimination involve either the selection at the gamete level versus the increas ...	2007	17555135
[genetic control of the spring habit in old local cultivars and landraces of common wheat from siberia].	the inheritance of the spring habit was studied in 63 old local cultivars and landraces of common wheat from eastern and western siberia and the tyva republic. minimal polymorphism was observed for the dominant vrn genes, controlling the spring habit in landraces of these regions. the control was digenic and involved the vrnl and vrn2 dominant genes in the majority (95%) of cultivars and was monogenic in three cultivars. none of the cultivars had the vrn3 dominant gene, characteristic of the nei ...	2007	17555122
comparison between gradient-dependent hydraulic conductivities of roots using the root pressure probe: the role of pressure propagations and implications for the relative roles of parallel radial pathways.	hydrostatic pressure relaxations with the root pressure probe are commonly used for measuring the hydraulic conductivity (lp(r)) of roots. we compared the lp(r) of roots from species with different root hydraulic properties (lupinus angustifolius l. 'merrit', lupinus luteus l. 'wodjil', triticum aestivum l. 'kulin' and zea mays l. 'pacific dk 477') using pressure relaxations, a pressure clamp and osmotic gradients to induce water flow across the root. only the pressure clamp measures water flow ...	2007	17547657
cloning and characterization of micrornas from wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small, non-coding regulatory rnas that regulate gene expression by guiding target mrna cleavage or translational inhibition. so far, identification of mirnas has been limited to a few model plant species, such as arabidopsis, rice and populus, whose genomes have been sequenced. wheat is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide. to date, only a few conserved mirnas have been predicted in wheat and the computational identification of wheat mirnas requires ...	2007	17543110
factors contributing to enhanced freezing tolerance in wheat during frost hardening in the light.	the interaction between light and temperature during the development of freezing tolerance was studied in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. mv emese). ten-day-old plants were cold hardened at 5 degrees c for 12 days under normal (250 micromol m(-2)s(-1)) or low light (20 micromol m(-2)s(-1)) conditions. some of the plants were kept at 20/18 degrees c for 12 days at high light intensity (500 micromol m(-2)s(-1)), which also increased the freezing tolerance of winter wheat. the freezing surv ...	2007	17537468
the einkorn wheat (triticum monococcum) mutant, maintained vegetative phase, is caused by a deletion in the vrn1 gene.	the einkorn wheat (triticum monococcum) mutant, maintained vegetative phase (mvp), was induced by nitrogen ion-beam treatment and was identified by its inability to transit from the vegetative to reproductive phase. in our previous study, we showed that wap1 (wheat apetala1) is a key gene in the regulatory pathway that controls phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in common wheat. wap1 is an ortholog of the vrn1 gene that is responsible for vernalization insensitivity in einko ...	2007	17507783
dissection of barley chromosome 5h in common wheat.	we dissected barley chromosome 5h added to common wheat by a genetic method or the gametocidal system. firstly, we induced chromosomal breaks in the offspring of a 5h addition line of common wheat carrying a gametocidal chromosome and cytologically screened for plants with structural chromosomal changes involving 5h, such as deletions and translocations. secondly, we screened the progeny of such plants to establish common wheat lines carrying structurally changed chromosomes containing single se ...	2007	17507778
generation of novel high quality hmw-gs genes in two introgression lines of triticum aestivum/agropyron elongatum.	high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) have been proved to be mostly correlated with the processing quality of common wheat (triticum aestivum). but wheat cultivars have limited number of high quality hmw-gs. however, novel hmw-gs were found to be present in many wheat asymmetric somatic hybrid introgression lines of common wheat/agropyron elongatum.	2007	17502002
vacuolar cysteine proteases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) are common to leaf senescence induced by different factors.	cellular proteins are extensively degraded during leaf senescence, and this correlates with an up-regulation of protease gene expression, particularly cysteine proteases. the objectives of this work were (i) to detect cysteine proteases associated with senescence of wheat leaves under different conditions and (ii) to find out their subcellular location. activity labelling of cysteine proteases with the biotinylated inhibitor dcg-04 detected five bands at 27, 36, 39, 42, and 46 kda in leaves of w ...	2007	17218544
a decapeptide from durum wheat prevents celiac peripheral blood lymphocytes from activation by gliadin peptides.	identifying antagonist peptides able to inhibit the abnormal immune response triggered by gliadin peptides in celiac disease (cd) is an alternative therapeutic strategy for cd. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonist effect of 10mer, a decapeptide (sequence qqpqdavqpf) from alcohol-soluble protein fraction of durum wheat, assessing its ability to prevent celiac peripheral blood lymphocytes from activation by gliadin peptides. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were obtained f ...	2007	17211143
transcriptome analysis of senescence in the flag leaf of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the senescence process in wheat flag leaves was investigated over a time course from ear emergence until 50% yellowing of harvested leaf samples using an in-house fabricated cdna microarray based on a 9k wheat unigene set. the top 1000 ranked differentially expressed probes were subjected to a cluster analysis and, from these, we selected 140 up-regulated genes with informative annotations. there was a considerable overlap between this list of genes and genes previously observed to be associated ...	2007	17207268
sage of the developing wheat caryopsis.	understanding the development of the cereal caryopsis holds the future for metabolic engineering in the interests of enhancing global food production. we have developed a serial analysis of gene expression (sage) data platform to investigate the developing wheat (triticum aestivum) caryopsis. longsage libraries have been constructed at five time-points post-anthesis to coincide with key processes in caryopsis development. more than 90,000 longsage tags have been sequenced generating 29,261 uniqu ...	2007	17207258
localization of water-soluble carbohydrates in wheat stems using imaging matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry.	the pool of endogenous water-soluble oligosaccharides found in the stems of wheat (triticum aestivum) is being investigated as a potential indicator of grain yield. techniques such as liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (lc-ms) can profile these analytes but provide no spatial information regarding their distribution in the wheat stem. the imaging matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (maldi) mass spectrometry technique has not been utilized for the analysis of oligosaccharides in ...	2007	17204089
chromosomal location of pm35, a novel aegilops tauschii derived powdery mildew resistance gene introgressed into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	a single gene controlling powdery mildew resistance was identified in the north carolina germplasm line nc96bgtd3 (ncd3) using genetic analysis of f(2) derived lines from a ncd3 x saluda cross. microsatellite markers linked to this pm gene were identified and their most likely order was xcfd7, 10.3 cm, xgdm43, 8.6 cm, xcfd26, 11.9 cm, pm gene. these markers and the pm gene were assigned to chromosome 5dl by means of chinese spring nullitetrasomic (nulli5d-tetra5a) and ditelosomic (dt5dl) lines. ...	2007	17356863
evaluation of screening techniques for heat tolerance in wheat.	cell membrane thermal stability, antioxidant activity, phenolics content, paraquat tolerance and kernel weight were compared for their ability to identify heat tolerant genotypes. four wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, kauz, mtrwa116, opata and w7984 were used in this study, kauz and mtrwa116 being thermotolerant and thermosensitive, respectively. plants were exposed to high temperatures of 39 and 35 degrees c and then their measurements form different techniques were compared to each othe ...	2007	19069883
wheat genotypes show contrasting abilities to recover from anoxia in spite of similar anoxic carbohydrate metabolism.	physiological and metabolic responses to anoxia and reaeration were compared for 4-7-day-old seedlings of 11 genotypes of wheat (triticum aestivum) with reputed differences in waterlogging tolerance. genotypes differed in seminal root elongation, and recovery of root tissue k(+) concentration, during reaeration following 72 h anoxia. post-anoxic recovery ranged from complete (100% retention of seminal root elongation potential) to almost nil (death of all seminal root apices and inability to rec ...	2007	17349715
[the effect of intercultivar substitution of wheat triticum aestivum l. chromosomes on lipoxygenase activity and its correlation with the technological properties of flour].	the effects of intercultivar substitution of individual chromosome pairs (except for 1b, 6d, and 7a) in the wheat cultivars saratovskaya 29 and janetzkis probat, differing in quality, on specific lipoxygenase activity, the grain yield per spike, and the main technological properties of flour and dough were studied. it was demonstrated that the substitution of individual chromosomes of the recipient cultivar saratovskaya 29 with the homologous chromosomes of the donor cultivar janetzkis probat ca ...	2007	17345867
probing the effects of light and temperature on diurnal rhythms of phytosiderophore release in wheat.	* the existing literature is ambiguous as to whether the diurnal pulse in phytosiderophore (ps) release in the poaceae is mediated by light or temperature, or both. * here, wheat (triticum aestivum cv. yecora rojo) seedlings were grown in fe-sufficient (pfe = 16.5) and fe-deficient (pfe = 17.8) chelator-buffered nutrient solutions. six different light/temperature regimes were tested over 8 d in paired growth chambers. * phytosiderophore release patterns under a square-wave light regime were simi ...	2007	17335501
glutathione reductase activity and isoforms in leaves and roots of wheat plants subjected to cadmium stress.	the behavior of glutathione reductase (gr, ec 1.6.4.2) activity and isoforms were analyzed in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves and roots exposed to a chronic treatment with a toxic cadmium (cd) concentration. a significant growth inhibition (up to 55%) was found in leaves at 7, 14 and 21 days, whereas roots were affected (51%) only after three weeks. wheat plants grown in the presence of 100microm cd showed a time-dependent accumulation of this metal, with cd concentration being 10-fold highe ...	2007	17174990
most significant genome regions involved in the control of earliness traits in bread wheat, as revealed by qtl meta-analysis.	earliness is one of the most important adaptation traits in plant breeding. our purpose was to identify the genome regions of bread wheat involved in the control of earliness and its three components: photoperiod sensitivity (ps), vernalization requirement (vr) and intrinsic earliness (ie). a qtl meta-analysis was carried out to examine the replicability of qtl across 13 independent studies and to propose meta-qtl (mqtl). initial qtl were projected on a recent consensus map (2004). quality crite ...	2007	17171391
the effect of environment on endosperm cell-wall development in triticum aestivum during grain filling: an infrared spectroscopic imaging study.	one of the major factors contributing to the failure of new wheat varieties is seasonal variability in end-use quality. consequently, it is important to produce varieties which are robust and stable over a range of environmental conditions. recently developed sample preparation methods have allowed the application of ft-ir spectroscopic imaging methods to the analysis of wheat endosperm cell wall composition, allowing the spatial distribution of structural components to be determined without the ...	2007	17151887
improving rock phosphate availability through feeding, mixing and processing with composting manure.	the objective of this study was to improve the availability of phosphorus (p) from rock phosphate (rp) through feeding, mixing and composting manure. the experiment was conducted as a 3 x 2 split-plot design. manure was collected from 12 boran steers (200+/-4.5 kg live weight) fed a basal diet of napier grass (pennisetum purpureum) at 2.5% body weight on a dry matter (dm) basis. the main plot treatments were (i) manure from steers supplemented with 113 g busumbu rock phosphate (brp) per day (fbr ...	2007	17150355
transcriptional profiling of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots identifies novel, dehydration-responsive genes.	we used a long-oligonucleotide microarray to identify transcripts that increased or decreased in abundance in roots of dehydration-tolerant hexaploid bread wheat, in response to withholding of water. we observed that the major classes of dehydration-responsive genes (e.g. osmoprotectants, compatible solutes, proteases, glycosyltransferases/hydrolases, signal transducers components, ion transporters) were generally similar to those observed previously in other species and osmotic stresses. more s ...	2007	17407540
characterization of wheat germin (oxalate oxidase) expressed by pichia pastoris.	high-level secretory expression of wheat (triticum aestivum) germin/oxalate oxidase was achieved in pichia pastoris fermentation cultures as an alpha-mating factor signal peptide fusion, based on the native wheat cdna coding sequence. the oxalate oxidase activity of the recombinant enzyme is substantially increased (7-fold) by treatment with sodium periodate, followed by ascorbate reduction. using these methods, approximately 1 g (4x10(4) u) of purified, activated enzyme was obtained following e ...	2007	17399681
[effects of free-air co2 enrichment (face) on yield formation of wheat].	to investigate the effects of predicted higher co2 levels on the growth duration, plant height, yield, and yield components of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), a free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiment with weak gluten variety ningmai 9 was conducted at anzhen of wuxi in jiangsu province in 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 growth seasons. the target [co2] in face plots was 200 microl x l(-1) above that in ambient air. three levels of n were supplied, i.e., 90 kg x hm(-2) (2001-2002) and 125 kg x hm(-2)(20 ...	2007	17396503
evaluation of some drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars.	this research was conducted to evaluate some of the drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat. a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (crd) was used with two factors consisted of stress levels (0, -5 and -8 bar) using peg 6000 and genotypes (10 genotypes of bread wheat; azar 2, gahar, koohdasht, bow, zagros, cham, niknejad, e1 neilairi, bohoih and giza 164) in three replications in a hydroponic condition. stress tolerance index (sti), water use efficiency (wue), bi ...	2007	19070061
detection of soft wheat in semolina and durum wheat bread by analysis of dna microsatellites.	the aim of this work was to evaluate the analysis of dna microsatellites for the detection of soft wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in semolina and durum wheat bread (prepared from triticum turgidum l. var. durum). the results enabled selection of an efficient d-genome-specific repetitive dna sequence to detect common wheat in semolina and breads by qualitative pcr with a threshold of 3 and 5%, respectively, lowered to 2.5% by real-time pcr. this is of major importance for checking during production ...	2007	17394336
varying patterns of protein synthesis in bread wheat during heat shock.	high temperatures during seedling growth are considered as one of the factors that can modify surviving properties in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plant. this work attempts to evaluate the heat shock responses of seedling of winter wheat (bezostaya-1) using growth parameters (seedling length, embryonal root length and embryonal root number), membrane stability index (msi) and two dimensional (2d) gel electrophoresis analysis of heat shock proteins (hsps) during heat shock. seedlings grown until ...	2007	17385547
[chromosomal location of genes for vernalization duration (vrd) in winter bread wheat].	in this study, we carried out monosomic analysis of two isogenic lines of cultivar mironovskaya 808, monogenically dominant for genes vrd1 and vrd2 reducing the cultivar vernalization requirement duration from 50 to respectively 35 and 45 days, as well as analysis of substitution lines cappelle desperez/bezostaya 1. gene vrdl is localized on chromosome 4a; vrd2, on chromosome 5d. the third gene, which is not allelic to the former two, is present in cultivar cappelle desperez on either the ia, 6a ...	2007	17385319
effect of wheat stem sawfly damage on yield and quality of selected canadian spring wheat.	the wheat stem sawfly, cephus cinctus norton (hymenoptera: cephidae), has reached outbreak status at most locations in the southern canadian prairies. solid-stemmed wheat, triticum aestivum l., cultivars, which are less susceptible to damage, remain the primary management option. this article quantifies the effect of wheat stem sawfly damage on grain yield and quality at harvest and determines how cultivar selection affects harvest losses. solid-stemmed cultivars were compared with hollow-stemme ...	2007	17370813
metal ion binding properties of triticum aestivum ec-1 metallothionein: evidence supporting two separate metal thiolate clusters.		2007	27519017
the structure of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-4e from wheat reveals a novel disulfide bond.	eukaryotic translation initiation factor-4e (eif4e) recognizes and binds the m(7) guanosine nucleotide at the 5' end of eukaryotic messenger rnas; this protein-rna interaction is an essential step in the initiation of protein synthesis. the structure of eif4e from wheat (triticum aestivum) was investigated using a combination of x-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) methods. the overall fold of the crystallized protein was similar to eif4e from other species, with eight beta ...	2007	17322339
hkt1;5-like cation transporters linked to na+ exclusion loci in wheat, nax2 and kna1.	bread wheat (triticum aestivum) has a greater ability to exclude na+ from its leaves and is more salt tolerant than durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. subsp. durum [desf.]). a novel durum wheat, line 149, was found to contain a major gene for na+ exclusion, nax2, which removes na+ from the xylem in the roots and leads to a high k+-to-na+ ratio in the leaves. nax2 was mapped to the distal region on chromosome 5al based on linkage to microsatellite markers. the nax2 locus on 5al coincides with the ...	2007	17322337
structural-functional state of thylakoid membranes of wheat genotypes under water stress.	plants were grown in field conditions in the wide area under normal water supply and severe water deficit. two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes contrasting by architectonics and differing in drought-resistance were used: giymatli-2/17, short stature, with broad and drooping leaves, drought-sensitive, and azamatli-95, short stature, with vertically oriented small leaves, drought-tolerant). it was found out that giymatli-2/17 was characterized by relatively low content of chl a-protein of ps ...	2007	17321491
a worldwide bread wheat core collection arrayed in a 384-well plate.	bread wheat (triticum aestivum), one of the world's major crops, is genetically very diverse. in order to select a representative sample of the worldwide wheat diversity, 3,942 accessions originating from 73 countries were analysed with a set of 38 genomic simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. the number of alleles at each locus ranged from 7 to 45 with an average of 23.9 alleles per locus. the 908 alleles detected were used together with passport data to select increasingly large sub-samples th ...	2007	17318494
cadmium uptake and interaction with phytochelatins in wheat protoplasts.	in order to investigate the role of phytochelatins in short-time uptake of cd(2+) into the cytosol of wheat protoplasts, a new method was applied, using fluorescence microscopy and the heavy metal-specific fluorescent dye, 5-nitrobenzothiazole coumarin, btc-5n. the uptake of cd(2+) into protoplasts from 5- to 7-day-old wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum, l. cv. kadett) was lower in protoplasts from seedlings raised in the presence of 1 microm cdcl(2), than in the absence. presence of cdcl(2) in ...	2007	17303432
the gametocidal chromosome as a tool for chromosome manipulation in wheat.	many alien chromosomes have been introduced into common wheat (the genus triticum) from related wild species (the genus aegilops). some alien chromosomes have unique genes that secure their existence in the host by causing chromosome breakage in the gametes lacking them. such chromosomes or genes, called gametocidal (gc) chromosomes or gc genes, are derived from different genomes (c, s, s(l) and m(g)) and belong to three different homoeologous groups 2, 3 and 4. the gc genes of the c and m(g) ge ...	2007	17295127
molecular mapping of genes for coleoptile growth in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	successful plant establishment is critical to the development of high-yielding crops. short coleoptiles can reduce seedling emergence particularly when seed is sown deep as occurs when moisture necessary for germination is deep in the subsoil. detailed molecular maps for a range of wheat doubled-haploid populations (cranbrook/halberd, sunco/tasman, cd87/katepwa and kukri/janz) were used to identify genomic regions affecting coleoptile characteristics length, cross-sectional area and degree of sp ...	2007	17294164
functional markers in wheat.	wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important staple crops world-wide. gene-derived 'functional' markers (fms, also called perfect or diagnostic markers elsewhere) would be the ideal tools for marker-assisted breeding of wheat but, at present, their utility is restricted by the limited availability of genes that control agronomic characters. this bottleneck will be overcome in the next decade by ongoing genomics projects. another obstacle for assigning sequence to trait variation is ...	2007	17292659
identification of quantitative trait loci and environmental interactions for accumulation and remobilization of water-soluble carbohydrates in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) stems.	genetic analyses of nine traits associated with stem water-soluble carbohydrate (swsc) accumulation and remobilization at grain-filling period under drought stress (ds) and well-watered (ww) conditions were undertaken using doubled haploid lines (dhls) derived from two chinese common wheat cultivars. some significantly and very significantly positive correlation was observed among nine traits associated with swsc. higher phenotypic values for most traits were detected under ds. broad sense herit ...	2007	17287530
screening of underivatized oligosaccharides extracted from the stems of triticum aestivum using porous graphitized carbon liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.	highly polar oligosaccharide analytes are notoriously difficult to separate by hplc without prior derivatization or the use of highly alkaline eluent systems. using a porous graphitic carbon (pgc) hplc column, we have studied a pool of endogenous underivatized water-soluble oligosaccharides that were extracted from the stems of a range of wheat cultivars. the aqueous/organic eluents that are used with this stationary phase are ideal electrospray solvents and hence facilitate the on-line coupling ...	2007	17284013
salt tolerance in a hordeum marinum-triticum aestivum amphiploid, and its parents.	growth, grain production, and physiological traits were evaluated for hordeum marinum, triticum aestivum (cv. chinese spring), and a h. marinum-t. aestivum amphiploid, when exposed to nacl treatments in a nutrient solution. h. marinum was more salt tolerant than t. aestivum and the amphiploid was intermediate, both for vegetative growth and relative grain production. h. marinum was best able to 'exclude' na(+) and cl(-), particularly at high external nacl. at 300 mm nacl, concentrations of na(+) ...	2007	17283374
identification and quantification of seed carotenoids in selected wheat species.	selected primitive and modern wheat species were evaluated on the basis of their carotenoid composition and effects of the genotype and environment on lutein using spectrometry and liquid chromatography. carotenoids in the wheat extracts were identified and confirmed on the basis of their uv/vis and mass spectra compared with those of authentic standards. the protonated molecule (m + 1)+ at m/z 569 was the predominant ion for zeaxanthin compared to the fragment ion at m/z 551 for lutein. a simil ...	2007	17263475
wheat (triticum aestivum l.) root proteome and differentially expressed root proteins between hybrid and parents.	to better understand the development of wheat roots, a reference map of the major soluble proteins of wheat roots was established using a combination of 2-de and maldi tof ms and ms/ms, and a total of 450 protein spots were detected with silver staining in a ph ranges of 4-7, of which 282 spots corresponding to 240 proteins were identified. these identified proteins were grouped into diverse functional categories. in comparison with a wheat leave proteome, in root, proteins involved in metabolis ...	2007	17722204
diversity of acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase mutations in resistant lolium populations: evaluation using clethodim.	the acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase)-inhibiting cyclohexanedione herbicide clethodim is used to control grass weeds infesting dicot crops. in australia clethodim is widely used to control the weed lolium rigidum. however, clethodim-resistant lolium populations have appeared over the last 5 years and now are present in many populations across the western australian wheat (triticum aestivum) belt. an aspartate-2078-glycine (gly) mutation in the plastidic accase enzyme has been identified as ...	2007	17720757
purification of antifreeze protein from wheat bran (triticum aestivum l.) based on its hydrophilicity and ice-binding capacity.	wheat-bran ( triticum aestivum l.) antifreeze protein ( taafp) was purified 323-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity with an overall yield of 1.64% from wheat-bran protein by a specific three-step procedure. the three-step procedure was quicker, cheaper, and more effective than the five-step procedure we used earlier. first, taafp was concentrated by a phosphate buffer, on the basis of its strong hydrophilicity that was validated by thermal gravimetric analyses and a surface hydrophobicity analys ...	2007	17715897
genetic dissection of grain yield in bread wheat. i. qtl analysis.	grain yield forms one of the key economic drivers behind a successful wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cropping enterprise and is consequently a major target for wheat breeding programmes. however, due to its complex nature, little is known regarding the genetic control of grain yield. a doubled-haploid population, comprising 182 individuals, produced from a cross between two cultivars 'trident' and 'molineux', was used to construct a linkage map based largely on microsatellite molecular makers. 'tr ...	2007	17713755
development and validation of a viviparous-1 sts marker for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in chinese wheats.	pre-harvest sprouting (phs) of wheat reduces the quality of wheat grain, and improving phs tolerance is a priority in certain wheat growing regions where conditions favorable for phs exist. two new viviparous-1 allelic variants related to phs tolerance were investigated on b genome of bread wheat, and designated as vp-1bb and vp-1bc, respectively. sequence analysis showed that vp-1bb and vp-1bc had an insertion of 193-bp and a deletion of 83-bp fragment, respectively, located in the third intron ...	2007	17712543
genetic dissection of grain yield in bread wheat. ii. qtl-by-environment interaction.	the grain yield of wheat is influenced by genotype, environment and genotype-by-environment interaction. a mapping population consisting of 182 doubled haploid progeny derived from a cross between the southern australian varieties 'trident' and 'molineux', was used to characterise the interaction of previously mapped grain yield quantitative trait locus (qtl) with specific environmental covariables. environments (17) used for grain yield assessment were characterised for latitude, rainfall, vari ...	2007	17712541
identification of a protein kinase gene associated with pistillody, homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures, in alloplasmic wheat.	homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (called pistillody) has been reported in cytoplasmic substitution (alloplasmic) lines of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) having the cytoplasm of a wild relative species, aegilops crassa. our previous studies indicated that pistillody is caused by alterations of the class b mads-box gene expression pattern associated with mitochondrial gene(s) in the ae. crassa cytoplasm. to elucidate the nuclear gene involved in the cross-talk betwee ...	2007	17704940
powdery mildew resistance in 155 nordic bread wheat cultivars and landraces.	the occurrence and distribution of seedling resistance genes and the presence of adult plant resistance to powdery mildew, was investigated in a collection of 155 nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars by inoculation with 11 powdery mildew isolates. eighty-nine accessions were susceptible in the seedling stage, while 66 accessions showed some resistance. comparisons of response patterns allowed postulation of combinations of genes pm1a, pm2, pm4b, pm5, pm6, pm8 and pm9 in 21 lines. seedling ...	2007	17663702
alteration of respiration capacity and transcript accumulation level of alternative oxidase genes in necrosis lines of common wheat.	mitochondrial alternative oxidase (aox) is the terminal oxidase responsible for cyanide-insensitive and salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive respiration in plants. aox is a key enzyme of the alternative respiration pathway. to study the effects of necrotic cell death on the mitochondrial function, production of reactive oxygen species (ros), respiration capacities and accumulation patterns of mitochondria-targeted protein-encoding gene transcripts were compared between wild-type, lesion-mimic mutant ...	2007	17660693
the use of plant waxes as templates for micro- and nanopatterning of surfaces.	small wax sculptures on plant surfaces are responsible for a variety of functions, including the maintenance of sability, self-cleaning properties, prevention of insect attachment and reflection of light. here we report on a method for using recrystallized plant wax crystals on flat technical surfaces for generating micro- and nanopatterned polymers with particular functions. therefore a more than 4-thousand year old replica technique called the "lost wax technique" has been adapted for reproduc ...	2007	17656166
microsatellite mapping of adult-plant leaf rust resistance gene lr22a in wheat.	this study was conducted to identify microsatellite markers (ssr) linked to the adult-plant leaf rust resistance gene lr22a and examine their cross-applicability for marker-assisted selection in different genetic backgrounds. lr22a was previously introgressed from aegilops tauschii coss. to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and located to chromosome 2ds. comparing ssr alleles from the donor of lr22a to two backcross lines and their recurrent parents showed that between two and five ssr markers were c ...	2007	17646964
molecular mapping of kernel shattering and its association with fusarium head blight resistance in a sumai3 derived population.	kernel shattering (ks) can cause severe grain yield loss in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the introduction of genotypes with fusarium head blight (fhb) resistance has elevated the ks importance. 'sumai3,' the most commonly used fhb-resistant germplasm worldwide, is reported to be ks susceptible. the objectives of this study were to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) for ks and to determine the relationship between ks and fhb. a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between s ...	2007	17646963
natural variation for fertile triploid f1 hybrid formation in allohexaploid wheat speciation.	the tempo, mode, and geography of allopolyploid speciation are influenced by natural variation in the ability of parental species to express postzygotic reproductive phenotypes that affect hybrid fertility. to shed light on the impact of such natural variations, we used allohexaploid triticum aestivum wheats' evolution as a model and analyzed the geographic and phylogenetic distributions of aegilops tauschii (diploid progenitor) accessions involved in the expression of abnormality and fertility ...	2007	17639301
a pseudo-response regulator is misexpressed in the photoperiod insensitive ppd-d1a mutant of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	ppd-d1 on chromosome 2d is the major photoperiod response locus in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum). a semi-dominant mutation widely used in the "green revolution" converts wheat from a long day (ld) to a photoperiod insensitive (day neutral) plant, providing adaptation to a broad range of environments. comparative mapping shows ppd-d1 to be colinear with the ppd-h1 gene of barley (hordeum vulgare) which is a member of the pseudo-response regulator (prr) gene family. to investigate the relati ...	2007	17634915
genome-wide linkage disequilibrium analysis in bread wheat and durum wheat.	bread wheat and durum wheat were examined for linkage disequilibrium (ld) using microsatellite markers distributed across the genome. the allele database consisted of 189 bread wheat accessions genotyped at 370 loci and 93 durum wheat accessions genotyped at 245 loci. a significance level of p < 0.001 was set for all comparisons. the bread and durum wheat collections showed that 47.9% and 14.0% of all locus pairs were in ld, respectively. ld was more prevalent between loci on the same chromosome ...	2007	17632577
isolation and characterization of viviparous-1 genes in wheat cultivars with distinct aba sensitivity and pre-harvest sprouting tolerance.	pre-harvest sprouting (phs) of wheat reduces the quality and economic value of grain, and increasing phs tolerance is one of the most important traits in wheat breeding. two new vp-1b alleles related to phs tolerance were identified on the 3bl chromosome of bread wheat and were designated vp-1bb and vp-1bc. sequence analysis showed that vp-1bb has a 193 bp insertion and vp-1bc has a 83 bp deletion located in the third intron region of the vp-1b gene, and that they shared 95.43% and 97.89% simila ...	2007	17630295
effect of cadmium toxicity on the level of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity in wheat plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil have an adverse effect on micro-organisms and microbial processes. mycorrhizas are among the extracellular strategies to avoid metal toxicity. in the present study, the effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity of am (with glomus veruciforme, g. intraradices and g. etunicatum) and non-am wheat plants was investigated. wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) which have been colonized by above species, were used ...	2007	19070166
soil water availability modulation over estimated relative yield losses in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) due to ozone exposure.	the approach developed by fuhrer in 1995 to estimate wheat yield losses induced by ozone and modulated by the soil water content (swc) was applied to the data on catalonian wheat yields. the aim of our work was to apply this approach and adjust it to mediterranean environmental conditions by means of the necessary corrections. the main objective pursued was to prove the importance of soil water availability in the estimation of relative wheat yield losses as a factor that modifies the effects of ...	2007	17619747
molecular characterization of vernalization response genes in canadian spring wheat.	vernalization response (vrn) genes play a major role in determining the flowering/maturity times of spring-sown wheat. we characterized a representative set of 40 western canadian adapted spring wheat cultivars/lines for 3 vrn loci. the 40 genotypes were screened, along with 4 genotypes of known vrn genes, using previously published genome-specific polymerase chain reaction primers designed for detecting the presence or absence of dominant or recessive alleles of the major vrn loci: vrn-a1, vrn- ...	2007	17612620