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[indices of immunologic reactivity in the diagnosis of the post-infarct syndrome]. 20133630085
citation for the award of merit to victor a. hill. 20134550093
creatinine clearance: enzymatic vs jaffé determinations of creatinine in plasma and urine.we measured creatinine in plasma and urine samples from 17 normal subjects and 10 renally impaired subjects by four different methods: two enzymatic--ektachem iminohydrolase and boehringer mannheim amidohydrolase--and two jaffé reaction based--beckman astra 8 and technicon autoanalyzer i. creatinine clearances, standardized for body surface area, were also calculated. in both groups of subjects plasma creatinine values were significantly (p less than 0.05) lower, by 3 to 4 mg/l, when measured en ...20133943207
abdominal pregnancy: mother and infant survival. 20133613898
psychosocial childbearing stress and metabolic control in pregnant diabetics.the authors tested the relationship between psychosocial childbearing stress factors and metabolic control in a research sample of 39 pregnant insulin-dependent diabetic women. subjects were selected using rigorous exclusion criteria from a population of more than 200 pregnant diabetic patients assessed in a university national institutes of health center. metabolic control was determined by plasma levels of preprandial day, night, and early morning fasting glucose, urinary ketones, and glycosyl ...20134031839
ranitidine and leukocytosis.ranitidine has been used extensively in a variety of gastrointestinal illnesses. to date only scattered reports of hematological side effects have appeared in the literature. we present a case report of leukocytosis and eosinophilia occurring in a patient receiving ranitidine therapy.20133740030
polymyositis-dermatomyositis and malignant lesions: does an association exist?to examine the purported association between polymyositis-dermatomyositis and malignant lesions, we identified all patients with histopathologically proven polymyositis-dermatomyositis examined at our institution from 1965 to 1974. for each patient, a control subject was selected, matched for age, sex, race, year and department of clinical evaluation, and geographic area of residence. although the proportion of patients who ever had a diagnosis of malignant disease (25%) was greater than that fo ...20133724244
education for excellent care. 20133641871
the presentation of laryngeal tuberculosis.laryngeal tuberculosis is now a rare disease. we report 6 patients presenting within a 10-year period (1976-1986). symptoms and signs often mimic carcinoma or chronic non-specific laryngitis. greater clinical awareness and a chest radiograph prior to direct laryngoscopy may alert the clinician to the possibility of tuberculosis. the diagnosis is established by laryngeal biopsy.20133608210
employed or self-employed? 20133660544
dapsone therapy for oral-genital ulceration. 20133718857
[intracavitary administration of recombinant interferon in cancer patients with malignant effusions].interferon-beta (ifn-beta), 6 x 10 units/body, was administered intraperitoneally and intrapericardially daily to five recurrent cancer patients with malignant effusion. two of them showed complete response with a disappearance of effusion and cytological negative. however, three patients showing a decrease in effusion and cytological negative were regarded as no change because of the short duration of the response (less than four weeks). intracavitary administrations of ifn-beta were well toler ...20133773273
the radioprotective effect of n-acetylcysteine in thorax irradiation of mice. 20133671774
circadian change of dichlorvos lethality (ld 50) in the cockroach in ld 14:10 and continuous red light.to examine a possible circadian change in ld 50, male, nonvirgin female, and virgin female american cockroaches, periplaneta americana, were standardized on a regimen of light for 14 hr, alternating with darkness for 10 hr (ld 14:10); they were tested for their sensitivity to an organophosphorus insecticide, dichlorvos, on this regimen and on a regimen providing for 1 added day's maintenance in continuous red light (rr). a marker rhythm in locomotor activity was established using running wheels ...20133601964
cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy secondary to athetoid cerebral palsy.radiculopathy or myelopathy often occurs during adult life in patients who have athetosis. herniation of an intervertebral disc, spondylosis, malalignment or instability of the cervical spine, or a combination of these lesions, can develop because of the athetoid hyperactivity. we reviewed the cases of ten patients who had cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy, or both, secondary to athetosis and who were surgically treated between the ages of thirty and fifty-eight years. the surgery consisted o ...20133597493
men in nursing. 20134493890
pneumocephalus after ventriculoperitoneal shunting. 20133587566
the labeling problem in aphasia: an illustrative case.twenty-five "experts" on neurogenic motor speech disorders participated in a tutorial exercise. each was given information on m, a patient who had communication difficulties as the result of stroke, and asked to complete a questionnaire about his problem. the information included a detailed case description, an audiotape of m's speech obtained at 4, 9, 13, and 17 days post-stroke, and test results from the western aphasia battery, the token test, and a battery for apraxia of speech. the experts ...20133702366
[function of the hypophyseal-ovarian and thyroid systems in the dynamics of the menstrual cycle]. 20133592088
open dorsal metacarpophalangeal dislocations of the index, long, and ring fingers.an open dorsal dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joints of the index, long, and ring fingers was treated satisfactorily by early reduction.20133584896
[aids is no prairie fire. interview by gunnar bolstad]. 20133686365
review of a hospital experience of breast abscesses.a retrospective review of breast abscesses during a 10-year period was performed. only 8.5 per cent (6/72) of patients were in the puerperium. peripherally sited abscesses were predominantly staphylococcal in origin, incision and drainage was effective treatment in all. by contrast, a subareolar abscess yielded a higher proportion of anaerobic bacteria and 46 per cent (13/28) of these patients had duct ectasia. we conclude that in present day practice a breast abscess is more likely to be relate ...20133607400
thyroid-function testing with the tdx: interference from endogenous fluorophore. 20133608170
pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect in adult patients.hemodynamic data and angiograms of 15 adult patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect were reviewed to assess the pulmonary circulation and other associated features. the most common variety of pulmonary atresia was that of pulmonary valve, main pulmonary artery, and the confluence of pulmonary arteries (6 cases, 40%). the collateral vessels to the lungs were well developed in all cases; selective injections into the collateral vessels were of great value in their delineation ...20133594946
adrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the smooth and striated muscle components of the urethra from patients with spinal cord injury.the adrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the smooth and striated muscle components of the urethra from spinal cord injury patients with detrusor sphincter dyssynergia were investigated neurochemically and histochemically. catecholamine fluorescence histochemistry provided no evidence for the presence of adrenergic nerves associated with the skeletal muscle. the noradrenaline content of this region probably reflects the endogenous levels in adrenergic nerves associated with the blood vessels ...20133944881
adrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the smooth and striated muscle components of the urethra from patients with spinal cord injury.the adrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the smooth and striated muscle components of the urethra from spinal cord injury patients with detrusor sphincter dyssynergia were investigated neurochemically and histochemically. catecholamine fluorescence histochemistry provided no evidence for the presence of adrenergic nerves associated with the skeletal muscle. the noradrenaline content of this region probably reflects the endogenous levels in adrenergic nerves associated with the blood vessels ...20133944881
[demonstration of the helix structure of agar solutions by a new rheologic method]. 20133602084
folie à deux revisited.folie à deux (shared paranoid disorder) is misleadingly defined in dsm-iii. it is not an illness in itself, but a phenomenon associated with delusional psychiatric illnesses. there are two main types of folie à deux. an updated nomenclature is proposed.20133708516
[carcinoembryonic antigen assay in serum and pleural effusion of pulmonary malignancies and benign lesions].levels of carcinoembryonic antigen(cea)in the serum and pleural effusion in malignancies (65) and benign (25) of lung were determined. there are 20 cases of adenocarcinoma, 16 undifferentiated carcinoma, 7 squamous cell carcinoma, 4 alveolar carcinoma, 12 unclassified carcinoma, 1 polymorphous adenoma, 1 mesothelioma, 1 thymoma, 1 metastatic cancer from kidney and 2 metastatic breast cancer. in the benign lesions, there are 20 tuberculosis, 2 heart failure, 1 pneumonia, 1 empyema and 1 cirrhosis ...20133582109
[blood lead and air lead. the lead content of donor blood in arhus 1977-1986 in relation to the lead content of air measured in gladsaxe and tange]. 20133603770
pediatric chest trauma.blunt and penetrating chest trauma in children results from many causes but the major cause is motor vehicle accidents. the trauma induces a variety of injuries to the bony thorax, the pulmonary parenchyma, and mediastinal structures. in recent years, a disturbing increase in iatrogenic chest trauma has occurred in patients, particularly small infants, receiving intensive hospital care. radiologic evaluation plays an important role in documenting and diagnosing these traumatic and iatrogenic inj ...20133612922
[surgical approach in recurrent varicosis of the stump of the great saphenous vein]. 20133581986
[evaluation of pulmonary involvement in collagen-vascular diseases]. 20133575933
leadership development at the clinical unit level. 20134154366
stopped-flow kinetic studies of metal ion dissociation or exchange in a tryptophan-containing parvalbumin.the rates of dissociation of 2 equiv of various metal ions [ca(ii), cd(ii), pr(iii), nd(iii), sm(iii), eu(iii), gd(iii), tb(iii), dy(iii), ho(iii), er(iii), yb(iii), and lu(iii)] from the primary cd and ef metal ion binding sites of parvalbumin (isotype pi = 4.75) from codfish (gadus callarius l) were measured by stopped-flow techniques. the removal or replacement of metal ions was monitored by changes in sensitized tb(iii) luminescence or in intrinsic protein tryptophan fluorescence as quenchin ...20134074672
[preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with ceftriaxone in elective appendectomy]. 20133631814
current indications for axillounifemoral and axillobifemoral bypass grafts.revascularization of the lower extremities may require an axillofemoral bypass when an aortobifemoral bypass is contraindicated. thirty-one patients underwent axillounifemoral and 59 had an axillobifemoral bypass, with a mortality rate of 9%. the indication for operation was limb salvage in 67%, intra-abdominal sepsis in 21%, and disabling claudication in 12%. cumulative survival, patency, and limb salvage rates were determined by life-table analysis. the cumulative patency and limb salvage rate ...20133586180
the moshe prywes lecture in medical education. medical education and medical services--the search for balance. 20133583694
[alcoholism and heredity: clinico-genetic aspect]. 20133553911
management of the intensive care unit. 20133646551
[stenosing laryngotracheitis (pseudocroup). current review of etiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and therapy--air pollutants: an etiologic factor?]. 20133557257
[risk of spontaneous abortions and abnormalities in laboratory personnel]. 20133824296
[contributions from a colloquium held on the 20th anniversary of the institute for child and adolescent public health. 26 june 1986, berlin]. 20133604306
a simple enzymatic differential assay for diamines, spermidine, and spermine in urine and blood.this rapid, reliable enzymatic differential assay method for diamines (putrescine plus cadaverine), spermidine, and spermine in urine and blood is suitable for practical routine use and does not require special and expensive equipment. the method is based on a combination of the substrate specificities of two amine oxidases, i.e., polyamine oxidase from a. terreus and putrescine oxidase from m. rubens. quinone dye, derived from hydrogen peroxide generated in each of three end-point reactions, is ...20133566974
antenatal sonographic appearance of omphalomesenteric duct cyst. 20133543394
movement of newly synthesized membrane by fast transport along the axon of an identified aplysia neuron.in order to ascertain the form in which newly synthesized membrane is moved by fast axonal transport, we examined the distribution of label along an axon of the identified giant serotoninergic neuron (gcn) in the cerebral ganglion of aplysia californica. membrane glycoproteins were labeled by intrasomatic injection of 3h-fucose, and segments of gcn's axon in the posterior lip nerve containing the transported organelles were examined at 1, 5, 15, and 24 hours by quantitative electron-microscopic ...20133667973
[obstetric aspects of pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus in the perinatal period]. 20133557164
[the intensity of pain and pleasure in childbirth as factors in the quality of childbirth]. 20133959733
[should pulmonary embolism be treated with thrombolytic agents?]. 20133589210
esophageal ulceration associated with oral penicillin in marfan's syndrome. 20133859761
alcohol-use patterns through medical school. a longitudinal study of one class.we describe the patterns of alcohol use of one medical school class assessed repeatedly over time from the first day of medical school to a point several months short of graduation. although male students consistently drank more than their female counterparts during the preclinical years, the men reduced their alcohol intake during the clinical years to converge on the lower, more consistent intake rates of their female classmates. over the four years of medical school, 11% of the students met c ...20133573290
a neuropeptide (calfluxin) is involved in the influx of calcium into mitochondria of the albumen gland of the freshwater snail lymnaea stagnalis.in the course of a study on the role of ca2+ in the regulation of the secretion process in a female accessory sex gland, the albumen gland of the freshwater snail lymnaea stagnalis, it appeared that the percentage of mitochondria containing ca2+ deposits varied significantly in the successive stages of the egg-laying process. ca2+ was demonstrated at the ultrastructural level with the pyroantimonate precipitation technique. a significant increase of the percentage can be correlated with the onse ...20133557101
the vitamin k derivatives of some skin-mucins. i. properties and vitamin k origin. 20135001491
problems and prognosis of the developmental glaucomas. 20133975982
an evaluation of the relationship between receptive speech skills and expressive signing.we examined the effects of receptive speech on the acquisition of manual signing among three mentally retarded children. in an alternating treatments design, we compared the acquisition of expressive signs that were, versus were not, in a child's receptive vocabulary. the children were trained via total communication in which pictorial referents were named during sign training. signs corresponding to known words were generally acquired faster and retained better than signs corresponding to unkno ...20133771416
brittle books and journals. 20133672110
relationship of employee turnover to exercise adherence in a corporate fitness program.the life table method of analysis was used to study the differences in turnover during a 4-year period among employees who participated in a corporate health and fitness program and those who did not. the study population consisted of 1,360 workers hired between jan 1, 1982, and dec 31, 1985, of whom 747 were exercisers; and 1,788 persons hired between jan 1, 1978, and dec 31, 1981, of whom 869 were exercisers. age, sex, general job category, and duration of employment were taken into account in ...20133612332
indomethacin for prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage. 20133525793
silica desiccant packets for storage and transport of streptococcus pneumoniae and other clinically relevant species.bacterial isolates are often transported between laboratories for research and diagnostic purposes. silica desiccant packets (sdps), which are inexpensive and do not require freezing, were evaluated for storage and recovery of bacterial isolates. conditions such as inoculum size, swab type and temperature of storage were investigated using ten streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. the optimized protocol was then tested using 49 additional s. pneumoniae isolates representing 40 serogroups. overall, ...201323940811
safety and immunological outcomes following human inoculation with nontypeable haemophilus influenzae.nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) exclusively infects humans, causing significant numbers of upper respiratory tract infections. the goal of this study was to develop a safe experimental human model of nthi nasopharyngeal colonization.201323715660
toll-like receptor 2-dependent activity of native major outer membrane protein proteosomes of chlamydia trachomatis.chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen and the etiologic agent of blinding trachoma. intracellular signaling pathways leading to host cell inflammation and innate immunity to chlamydia include those mediated by toll-like receptors (tlrs) and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain 1 (nod1) protein. in epithelial cells, tlr-dependent signaling contributes to local immune responses via induction of inflammatory mediators. there is evidence that tlr3, tlr ...201323132491
phenotypic characterization and antibiogram of csf isolates in acute bacterial meningitis.acute bacterial meningitis (abm) is a medical emergency, which warrants an early diagnosis and an aggressive therapy. despite the availability of potent newer antibiotics, the mortality rate caused by acute bacterial meningitis remains significantly high in india and in other developing countries, which ranges from 16 - 32%. there is a need of a periodic review of bacterial meningitis worldwide, since the pathogens which are responsible for the infection may vary with time, geography and the age ...201324551618
a practical method for preparation of pneumococcal and nontypeable haemophilus influenzae inocula that preserves viability and immunostimulatory activity.convenience is a major reason for using killed preparations of bacteria to investigate host-pathogen interactions, however, host responses to such preparations can result in different outcomes when compared to live bacterial stimulation. we investigated whether cryopreservation of streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) permitted investigation of host responses to infection without the complications of working with freshly prepared live bacteria on the day of exper ...201324321049
superior sensitivity and decreased time to detection with the bactec peds plus/f system compared to the bact/alert pediatric fan blood culture system.here, we compare the sensitivities and times to detection (ttd) of bact/alert pediatric fan (pf) and bactec peds plus blood culture bottles. test bottles were inoculated with 2 ml of banked whole blood, 1-ml aliquots of antibiotic suspension, and organisms diluted to simulate a bacteremia level of 10 to 100 cfu/ml. the control bottles were inoculated with 3 ml of banked blood and organism suspensions only. the organism-drug combinations were staphylococcus epidermidis and vancomycin, methicillin ...201324088854
vaccination of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: perspective in korea.antibody titers to vaccine-preventable diseases such as tetanus, polio, measles, mumps, and rubella decline within 1-10 years after allogeneic or autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (sct) if the recipient is not vaccinated. vaccine-preventable diseases such as pneumococcal diseases, haemophilus influenzae type b infections, influenza, measles, and varicella can pose an increased risk for sct recipients. therefore, after sct, the recipients should be routinely revaccinated. vaccina ...201324396628
broadly protective protein-based pneumococcal vaccine composed of pneumolysin toxoid-cbpa peptide recombinant fusion protein.pneumococcus, meningococcus, and haemophilus influenzae cause a similar spectrum of infections in the ear, lung, blood, and brain. they share cross-reactive antigens that bind to the laminin receptor of the blood-brain barrier as a molecular basis for neurotropism, and this step in pathogenesis was addressed in vaccine design.201324041791
portrait: coincidences, convergences and opportunities.born in 1944, i grew up in a world in which polio was both a gripping fear and real threat. then in a matter of a few years-polio was eradicated by a vaccine developed by jonas salk. later i learned that salk's efforts were built on pioneering work of many others, including john enders, thomas weller and frederick robbins (nobelists, 1954), and david bodian, who pioneered studies of polio pathogenesis and immunity. bodian became my teacher in medical school, and robbins became a colleague. later ...201323807081
the impact of protein-conjugate polysaccharide vaccines: an endgame for meningitis?the development and implementation of conjugate polysaccharide vaccines against invasive bacterial diseases, specifically those caused by the encapsulated bacteria neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae, has been one of the most effective public health innovations of the last 25 years. these vaccines have resulted in significant reductions in childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide, with their effectiveness due in large part to their ability to induce lon ...201323798695
bacterial meningitis in brazil: baseline epidemiologic assessment of the decade prior to the introduction of pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines.bacterial meningitis is associated with significant burden in brazil. in 2010, both 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and meningococcal capsular group c conjugate vaccine were introduced into the routine vaccination schedule. haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine was previously introduced in 1999. this study presents trends in demographics, microbiological characteristics and seasonality patterns of bacterial meningitis cases in brazil from 2000 to 2010.201323823579
the role of the rna chaperone hfq in haemophilus influenzae pathogenesis.the rna binding protein hfq of haemophilus influenzae is highly homologous to hfq from other bacterial species. in many of these other bacteria, hfq affects the expression of a broad range of genes and enhances the ability to respond to stressful environments. however, the role of hfq in h. influenzae is unknown.201323767779
a licensed combined haemophilus influenzae type b-serogroups c and y meningococcal conjugate vaccine.the highest incidence of meningococcal disease occurs in infants younger than 1 year of age. however, in the us, prior to june 2012, there was no meningococcal vaccine licensed for use in this age group. in the us, where both serogroups c and y contribute substantially to the overall epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease, a vaccine combining these capsular polysaccharides was developed. we review the newly licensed hibmency-tt (menhibrix™, glaxosmithkline biologicals, rixensart, belgium ...201325135819
analysis of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae phase-variable genes during experimental human nasopharyngeal colonization.studies of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) have demonstrated that a number of genes associated with infectivity have long repeat regions associated with phase variation in expression of the respective gene. the purpose of this study was to determine the genes that underwent phase variation during a 6-day period of experimental human nasopharyngeal colonization.201323715658
anatomical asplenia in cat eye syndrome: an expansion of the disease spectrum.we report a patient with cat eye syndrome (ces) associated with anatomical asplenia. to the best of our knowledge, there have been no prior reports of this association. screening for asplenia in ces is potentially important, as asplenia places patients at increased risk for life-threatening bacterial infections. hence patients with ces without a spleen may require the same routine precautions as any other asplenic patients, with penicillin prophylaxis and immunizations to protect against encapsu ...201323691403
prospective multi-centre sentinel surveillance for haemophilus influenzae type b & other bacterial meningitis in indian children.haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) is one of the leading bacterial causes of invasive disease in populations without access to hib conjugate vaccines (hib-cv). india has recently decided to introduce hib-cv into the routine immunization programme in selected states. longitudinal data quantifying the burden of bacterial meningitis and the proportion of disease caused by various bacteria are needed to track the impact of hib-cv once introduced. a hospital-based sentinel surveillance network was e ...201323703338
ferric uptake regulator and its role in the pathogenesis of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae.nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is a commensal microorganism of the human nasopharynx, and yet is also an opportunistic pathogen of the upper and lower respiratory tracts. host microenvironments influence gene expression patterns, likely critical for nthi persistence. the host sequesters iron as a mechanism to control microbial growth, and yet iron limitation influences gene expression and subsequent production of proteins involved in iron homeostasis. careful regulation of iron uptake ...201323381990
emergence of non-serotype b encapsulated haemophilus influenzae as a cause of pediatric meningitis in northwestern ontario.before the introduction of the conjugate vaccine, haemophilus influenzae serotype b (hib) was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children. although successful in reducing hib cases, the vaccine confers no protection against other serotypes of h influenzae, such as a (hia), or f (hif). the emergence of invasive disease caused by non-hib in northwestern ontario (38 cases between 2002 and 2008) with predominance of hia was previously reported by the authors. at that time, no cases of pedi ...201324421786
accuracy of real-time pcr, gram stain and culture for streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria meningitidis and haemophilus influenzae meningitis diagnosis.although cerebrospinal fluid (csf) culture is the diagnostic reference standard for bacterial meningitis, its sensitivity is limited, particularly when antibiotics were previously administered. csf gram staining and real-time pcr are theoretically less affected by antibiotics; however, it is difficult to evaluate these tests with an imperfect reference standard.201323339355
current status of registry of vaccine clinical trials conducted by korean investigators in clinicaltrials.gov, database of us national institutes of health.pubmed is not only includes international medical journals but also has a registration site for the ongoing clinical trials, such as clinicaltrials.gov, under the supervision of us national institutes of health. we analyzed current status of vaccine clinical trials conducted by korean investigators in database of clinicaltrial.gov.201323596590
epidemiology of vaccine-preventable invasive diseases in catalonia in the era of conjugate vaccines.we investigated the incidence and distribution of cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd), invasive meningococcal disease (imd) and invasive hemophilus influenzae disease (ihid) notified by hospital laboratories to the microbiological reporting system of catalonia between 2005 and 2009. incidence rates were compared using the rate ratio (rr) and 95% ci were calculated. a value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. of the 6,661 cases, 6,012 were ipd, 436 imd and 213 ihid. the ...201323303166
epidemiologic pattern of meningococcal meningitis in northern cameroon in 2007-2010: contribution of pcr-enhanced surveillance.monitoring acute bacterial meningitis in northern cameroon.201323432859
antimicrobial activity of the pleuromutilin antibiotic bc-3781 against bacterial pathogens isolated in the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program in 2010.bc-3781 is a novel semisynthetic pleuromutilin antibiotic inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. bc-3781 has completed a phase 2 clinical trial in acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (absssi). its antibacterial spectrum additionally covers the predominant pathogens causing community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (cabp). in this study, the antibacterial activity of bc-3781 was evaluated against a contemporary collection of 10,035 bacterial isolates predominately causing absssi and ...201323836172
secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (sesi-ms) breathprinting of multiple bacterial lung pathogens, a mouse model study.bacterial pneumonia is one of the leading causes of disease-related morbidity and mortality in the world, in part because the diagnostic tools for pneumonia are slow and ineffective. to improve the diagnosis success rates and treatment outcomes for bacterial lung infections, we are exploring the use of secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (sesi-ms) breath analysis as a rapid, noninvasive method for determining the etiology of lung infections in situ. using a murine lung infection ...201323519230
co-colonization by haemophilus influenzae with streptococcus pneumoniae enhances pneumococcal-specific antibody response in young children.streptococcus pneumoniae (spn), haemophilus influenzae (hi) and moraxella catarrhalis (mcat) are common bacterial pathogens of respiratory infections and common commensal microbes in the human nasopharynx (np). the effect of interactions among theses bacteria during co-colonization of the np on the host immune response has not been evaluated. the objective of this study was to assess the impact of co-colonization by hi or mcat on the systemic antibody response to vaccine protein candidate antige ...201324355091
high nasopharyngeal carriage of non-vaccine serotypes in western australian aboriginal people following 10 years of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination.invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) continues to occur at high rates among australian aboriginal people. the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vpcv) was given in a 2-4-6-month schedule from 2001, with a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vppv) booster at 18 months, and replaced with 13vpcv in july 2011. since carriage surveillance can supplement ipd surveillance, we have monitored pneumococcal carriage in western australia (wa) since 2008 to assess the impact of the 10- ...201324349245
nontypeable haemophilus influenzae inhibits autolysis and fratricide of streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro.streptococcus pneumoniae (sp) and nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) are common commensals of the human airway and major bacterial pathogens of otitis media (om) and other upper airway infections. the interaction between them may play an important role in the pathogenesis of polymicrobial infections. although previous studies suggested nthi could promote pneumococcal survival and biofilm formation, how nthi affects pneumococcal activities has not been defined. our data in the present stud ...201324269704
mailed versus frozen transport of nasal swabs for surveillance of respiratory bacteria in remote indigenous communities in australia.surveillance programs and research for acute respiratory infections in remote australian communities are complicated by difficulties in the storage and transport of frozen samples to urban laboratories for testing. this study assessed the sensitivity of a simple method for transporting nasal swabs from a remote setting for bacterial polymerase chain reaction (pcr) testing.201324228701
detection of viral and bacterial pathogens in acute respiratory infections.the role of bacteria in acute respiratory illnesses (ari) of adults and interactions with viral infections is incompletely understood. this study tested the hypothesis that bacterial co-infection during ari adds to airway inflammation and illness severity.201324211414
interrelationship of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and staphylococcus aureus colonization within and between pneumococcal-vaccine naïve mother-child dyads.a high prevalence of bacterial nasopharyngeal co-infections has been reported in children, however, such data is limited in adults. we examined the interaction of haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae pharyngeal colonization in mother-child dyads.201324134472
dominance of haemophilus influenzae in ear discharge from indigenous australian children with acute otitis media with tympanic membrane perforation.indigenous australian children living in remote communities experience high rates of acute otitis media with tympanic membrane perforation (aomwip). otitis media in this population is associated with dense nasopharyngeal colonization of three primary otopathogens; haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. little is known about the relative abundance of these pathogens during infection. the objective of this study was to estimate the abundance and concordance of ...201324099576
improving patient care via development of a protein-based diagnostic test for microbe-specific detection of chronic rhinosinusitis.the hypothesis is that signature bacterial proteins can be identified in sinus secretions via high-throughput, proteomic based techniques. nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is the most common bacterial pathogen associated with sinusitis and serves as proof of principle pathogen for identifying biomarkers.201323904321
comparison of the prevalence of common bacterial pathogens in the oropharynx and nasopharynx of gambian infants.crm- based pneumococcal conjugate vaccines generally have little impact on the overall prevalence of pneumococcal carriage because of serotype replacement. in contrast, protein vaccines could substantially reduce the overall prevalence of pneumococcal carriage with potential microbiological and clinical consequences. therefore, trials of pneumococcal protein vaccines need to evaluate their impact on carriage of other potentially pathogenic bacteria in addition to the pneumococcus.201324086570
does a 10-valent pneumococcal-haemophilus influenzae protein d conjugate vaccine prevent respiratory exacerbations in children with recurrent protracted bacterial bronchitis, chronic suppurative lung disease and bronchiectasis: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.recurrent protracted bacterial bronchitis (pbb), chronic suppurative lung disease (csld) and bronchiectasis are characterised by a chronic wet cough and are important causes of childhood respiratory morbidity globally. haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae are the most commonly associated pathogens. as respiratory exacerbations impair quality of life and may be associated with disease progression, we will determine if the novel 10-valent pneumococcal-haemophilus influenzae protein ...201324010917
carcinoembryonic antigen (cea)-related cell adhesion molecules are co-expressed in the human lung and their expression can be modulated in bronchial epithelial cells by non-typable haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, tlr3, and type i and ii interferons.the carcinoembryonic antigen (cea)-related cell adhesion molecules ceacam1 (bgp, cd66a), ceacam5 (cea, cd66e) and ceacam6 (nca, cd66c) are expressed in human lung. they play a role in innate and adaptive immunity and are targets for various bacterial and viral adhesins. two pathogens that colonize the normally sterile lower respiratory tract in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) are non-typable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and moraxella catarrhalis. both pathogens bind t ...201323941132
longitudinal nasopharyngeal carriage and antibiotic resistance of respiratory bacteria in indigenous australian and alaska native children with bronchiectasis.indigenous children in australia and alaska have very high rates of chronic suppurative lung disease (csld)/bronchiectasis. antibiotics, including frequent or long-term azithromycin in australia and short-term beta-lactam therapy in both countries, are often prescribed to treat these patients. in the bronchiectasis observational study we examined over several years the nasopharyngeal carriage and antibiotic resistance of respiratory bacteria in these two pcv7-vaccinated populations.201323940582
phagocytic dysfunction of human alveolar macrophages and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.alveolar macrophages in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) have fundamental impairment of phagocytosis for nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi). however, relative selectivity of dysfunctional phagocytosis among diverse respiratory pathogens: nthi, moraxella catarrhalis (mc), streptococcus pneumoniae (sp), and nonbacterial particles, as well as the contribution of impaired phagocytosis to severity of copd, has not been explored.201323908477
acute otitis media otopathogens during 2008 to 2010 in rochester, new york.the otopathogen distribution colonizing the nasopharynx (np) and causing acute otitis media (aom) is in flux following the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 7 (pcv7) and will continue to change.201323860479
association between ocular bacterial carriage and follicular trachoma following mass azithromycin distribution in the gambia.trachoma, caused by ocular chlamydia trachomatis infection, is the leading infectious cause of blindness, but its prevalence is now falling in many countries. as the prevalence falls, an increasing proportion of individuals with clinical signs of follicular trachoma (tf) is not infected with c. trachomatis. a recent study in tanzania suggested that other bacteria may play a role in the persistence of these clinical signs.201323936573
incidence survey of acute otitis media in children in sado island, japan--sado otitis media study (sadoms).acute otitis media (aom) is one of the most common forms of bacterial infection and cause for clinic visits in children. the incidence of aom was 0.9-1.2 episodes per person-year during the first 2 years of life in previous reports conducted before 2000. the aim of this study was to 1) evaluate the latest aom incidence in pediatric outpatients and 2) identify the bacterial pathogens from these patients and ascertain their serotypes and resistance.201323844235
use of the chinchilla model to evaluate the vaccinogenic potential of the moraxella catarrhalis filamentous hemagglutinin-like proteins mhab1 and mhab2.moraxella catarrhalis causes significant health problems, including 15-20% of otitis media cases in children and ~10% of respiratory infections in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the lack of an efficacious vaccine, the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates, and high carriage rates reported in children are cause for concern. in addition, the effectiveness of conjugate vaccines at reducing the incidence of otitis media caused by streptococcus pneumoniae a ...201323844117
the incidence and aetiology of hospitalised community-acquired pneumonia among vietnamese adults: a prospective surveillance in central vietnam.lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) including community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is a common infectious disease that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. the patterns of aetiological pathogens differ by region and country. special attention must be paid to cap in southeast asia (sea), a region facing rapid demographic transition. estimates burden and aetiological patterns of cap are essential for the clinical and public health management. the purposes of the study are to ...201323815298
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