Publications

ampicillin-dextrin agar medium for the enumeration of aeromonas species in water by membrane filtration.	published selective media were evaluated for the isolation of aeromonas spp. from environmental samples by membrane filtration. satisfactory recoveries were obtained only with ma agar (rippey & cabelli) and dextrin-fuchsin-sulphite agar (schubert), but neither was sufficiently selective. the positive aspects of these two media were combined in a new medium, ampicillin-dextrin agar. recovery from pure cultures and environmental samples was optimal at an ampicillin concentration of 10 mg/l and inc ...	1987	3597206
hydroxamate-induced spectral perturbations of cobalt aeromonas aminopeptidase.	the absorption spectrum of cobalt(ii)-substituted aeromonas aminopeptidase is markedly perturbed by the presence of equimolar concentrations of d-amino acid hydroxamates and acyl hydroxamates that have previously been shown to be powerful inhibitors of this enzyme (wilkes, s. h., and prescott, j. m. (1983) j. biol. chem. 258, 13517-13521). d-valine hydroxamate produces the most distinctive perturbation, splitting the characteristic 527 nm absorption peak of the cobalt enzyme to form peaks at 564 ...	1987	3597389
[aeromonas hydrophila as an autochthonous causative agent of infectious enteritis in germany].	aeromonas hydrophila was identified by culture technique in diarrhoeal stools and ascites in a patient of 57 years of age who suffered from known alcoholic cirrhosis and additional acute gastroenteritis. no other pathogens that would produce acute diarrhoea were found. the isolated aeromonas hydrophila strain was characterised by the pathogenic properties known to date as pertaining to this species (formation of haemolysin and enterotoxins). hence it is evident that aeromonas hydrophila occurs i ...	1987	3608836
differentiation of motile and mesophilic aeromonas strains into species by testing for a camp-like factor.	motile and mesophilic aeromonas strains can presumptively be differentiated into species in 18 to 24 h by testing the isolates for the production of a camp-like factor. aeromonas hydrophila strains were positive either aerobically or anaerobically, aeromonas sobria strains were positive only aerobically, and aeromonas caviae strains were always negative.	1987	3611325
pyomyositis and hepatic abscess in association with aeromonas hydrophila sepsis.	this report describes a patient with chronic liver disease in whom aeromonas hydrophila sepsis developed following ingestion of fresh lake water. a hepatic abscess and bilateral calf pyomyositis, an extremely rare and previously fatal complication of a. hydrophila septicemia, subsequently developed. the patient recovered following bilateral fasciotomies and systemic antibiotic therapy with gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. no previous survivors of a. hydrophila pyomyositis secondary ...	1987	3618636
enlarging erythematous macule: a cutaneous sign for fatal aeromonas hydrophila septicemia.		1987	3625077
detection of fish antibody against protein antigen of aeromonas salmonicida by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using biotin-avidin system.	antibody against aeromonas salmonicida was detected in sera from immunised or experimentally infected rainbow trout by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using the biotin-avidin system. the elisa titre correlated well with the agglutinin titres of the sera, but the elisa was found to be more sensitive than the agglutination test. when the rainbow trout serum was separated by column chromatography, antibody activity (determined by elisa and agglutination test) was detected in the igm fract ...	1987	3628989
bacteriology of the freshwater environment: implications for clinical therapy.	water and animal tissue samples were obtained from sources in tennessee, california, and florida. purified bacterial colonies were isolated and organisms identified. fifty-eight isolates were recovered. twenty-seven gram-negative isolates were identified. gram-positive organisms were of the coryneform group or bacillus species. antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that aeromonas species were relatively resistant to a wide variety of antimicrobials, which included trimethoprim, cefazolin, and ...	1987	3631666
[vibrio and aeromonad sensitivity to the vibriostatic o 129].	sensitivity of vibrios and aeromonads to vibriostatic o129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropyl pteridine) was studied. the vibrios and aeromonads were isolated in the ussr. the tests were performed with disks made in the ussr and great britain. the content of the drug in the disks was 10 and 150 micrograms. it was shown that v. cholerae o1 v. cholerae not o1 and v. albensis were highly sensitive to vibriostatic o129 and produced no growth in the presence of either low or high concentrations of the drug ...	1987	3631937
class d tetracycline resistance determinants of r plasmids from the fish pathogens aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda, and pasteurella piscicida.	tetracycline resistance determinants of r plasmids from the fish pathogens aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda, and pasteurella piscicida were classified as class d by their expression of resistance to tetracycline and minocycline and through their dna structure.	1987	3631946
plasmids and resistance to antimicrobial agents in aeromonas sobria and aeromonas hydrophila clinical isolates.	the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 75 aeromonas isolates were determined by agar dilution. differences in resistance patterns were observed between strains isolated from different geographic locations and between a. sobria and a. hydrophila isolates. multiple resistance was common; however, only one conjugative plasmid was detected. this 110-megadalton plasmid mediated resistance to eight antibiotics.	1987	3631947
aeromonas hydrophila-associated colitis in a male homosexual.	a 37-year-old homosexual man was evaluated for a one-week history of hematochezia. results of a physical examination were remarkable only for grossly bloody stool. sigmoidoscopy to 30 cm showed a friable mucosa compatible with an acute colitis, and a rectal biopsy specimen demonstrated an increased plasma cell infiltrate. stool cultures subsequently yielded aeromonas hydrophila; serum human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii antibody titer was positive. the patient responded to a course of treat ...	1987	3632156
typing of aeromonas species by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of radiolabelled cell proteins.	a method for typing species of aeromonas by 35s-labelling and sodium-dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of total soluble proteins is described. radiolabelled-protein profiles from different strains were compared by use of the dice coefficient. typability was 100% and discrimination of pairs of differing strains was satisfactory with acceptable reproducibility. the results also yielded information on subgroups of phenotypic species.	1987	3656393
l-methionine gamma-lyase from pseudomonas putida and aeromonas.		1987	3657560
seafood shucking as an etiology for aeromonas hydrophila infection.	aeromonas hydrophila has been increasingly documented as a hardy organism responsible for severe infection in the compromised host. this case report illustrates how a hydrophila may survive prolonged freezing and how seafood shucking may cause sepsis. this report serves as a caution to the immunocompromised seafood lover.	1987	3662710
detection, quantitation and stability of the beta haemolysin of aeromonas spp.	amongst 58 isolates of motile aeromonads evaluated for the ability to produce beta haemolysin, haemolytic activity was significantly associated with strains belonging to the aeromonas hydrophila and a. sobria groups. of erythrocytes from nine animal species tested, mouse red blood cells provided the best indicator system for detection of beta-haemolysin activity. furthermore, differences in the stability of the beta haemolysins of selected a. sobria and a. hydrophila isolates at different temper ...	1987	3669057
the bacteriological quality of bottled natural mineral waters.	fifty-eight bottles of natural mineral water, taken from the point of sale, were bacteriologically examined. no coliforms or aeromonas sp. were isolated from any sample. high total bacterial counts were found particularly in the still waters. most of the organisms isolated in the total counts were gram-negative rods, but gram-positive organisms were also isolated. gram-positive cocci were further identified, some of which were known human commensals suggesting contamination of the waters prior t ...	1987	3678404
virulence markers of mesophilic aeromonads: association of the autoagglutination phenomenon with mouse pathogenicity and the presence of a peripheral cell-associated layer.	autoagglutination (aa phenotype) of mesophilic aeromonads in broth was found to be a virulence-associated marker. there were two kinds of aa+ strains: those that spontaneously pelleted (sp+), and those that pelleted only after boiling (pab+). of 79 strains tested, 24 (30%) were aa+, and 18 of these were recovered from clinical specimens. most of the aa+ strains (n = 21) were identified as either aeromonas sobria or aeromonas hydrophila. of the well-documented clinical isolates of a. sobria and a ...	1987	3679544
acute diarrhoea in adults: a prospective study.	a prospective study of 74 adults with acute diarrhoea was carried out in sydney in 1984-1985 to determine the infective agents that were involved and their relationship to clinical, epidemiological and laboratory features. thirty-four potential pathogens were identified in 32 (43.2%) patients. these included, in order of frequency: campylobacter spp., rotavirus, clostridium difficile, salmonella enteritidis, aeromonas hydrophila, vibrio parahaemolyticus, adenovirus, a small round virus and giard ...	1987	3683260
in vitro and in vivo study of an antimicrobial activity displayed by the redmouth disease agent, yersinia ruckeri.	a soluble antimicrobial product has been detected in yersinia ruckeri cultures. the contract droplets technique and the double agar layer method allowed to assess its bacteriostatic effect and the high susceptibility of other bacterial fish pathogens like vibrio and aeromonas. but it did not inhibit other strains of y ruckeri. no correlation was found between the antimicrobial activity and the virulence of the strains. as mixed infections with a salmonicida and y ruckeri could be obtained experi ...	1987	3579181
nucleotide sequence of the gene for the hole-forming toxin aerolysin of aeromonas hydrophila.	the gene for the hole-forming toxin aerolysin from aeromonas hydrophila was sequenced. although most of the sequence seems unrelated to that of staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin, both proteins are very hydrophilic, and they each contain a nearly identical string of 10 amino acids.	1987	3584074
congo red uptake by motile aeromonas species.	virulence of several species of enteropathogenic bacteria has been correlated with the ability of isolates to take up the dye congo red. to determine whether congo red uptake might be a useful marker for virulence of motile aeromonas species, we examined 50 strains of diverse clinical origin on a medium containing 50 micrograms of congo red per ml. all of the strains took up the dye to various degrees. for most strains, uptake was greatest at 37 degrees c and least at 22 degrees c. production of ...	1987	3584422
aeromonas veronii, a new ornithine decarboxylase-positive species that may cause diarrhea.	in 1983, the vernacular name enteric group 77 was coined for a group of strains that had been referred to our laboratory as "possible vibrio cholerae except for gas production." by dna-dna hybridization (hydroxyapatite, 32p), 8 of 10 strains of enteric group 77 were very highly related to the labeled strain 1169-83 (74 to 100% at 60 degrees c and 75 to 100% at 75 degrees c; percent divergence, 0.0 to 2.5). type strains of six other aeromonas species were 45 to 66% related (60 degrees c) to strai ...	1987	3584425
clinical and biochemical significance of toxin production by aeromonas hydrophila.	production of cytotoxin and enterotoxin by aeromonas strains obtained from stools of 50 children in mexico and texas and from blood of 9 children with sepsis was determined. results were correlated with clinical features of infected children as well as with biochemical traits of aeromonas strains. cytotoxin was produced by 40 of 42 aeromonas strains (95%) isolated from stools of children with diarrhea, by all 8 isolates from stools of well children, and by all 9 isolates from children with sepsi ...	1987	3584426
research on aeromonas and plesiomonas. iv. virulence factors.		1987	3552716
importance of aeromonas sobria in aeromonas bacteremia.		1987	3805781
comparative study of the biotype, hemolysin-producing capability and antibiogram of the aquatic and the clinical strains of aeromonas hydrophila.	one hundred and seventy-two aeromonas hydrophila strains were isolated from aquatic hosts including fish, turtle, frogs, shellfish and water itself. the aquatic organisms were compared with 45 clinical strains with regard to biotype, hemolysin, and antibiogram. the carrier rate of a. hydrophila in the aquatic environment was 61.7%. of the aquatic strains 51% were hemolysin producers, equivalent to a capability for producing enterotoxin. the hemolysin-producing capability of aquatic strains was n ...	1986	3816361
characteristics of aeromonas species and their association with human diarrhoeal disease.		1986	3553304
haemagglutination patterns of aeromonas spp. related to species and source of strains.	the study included 138 a. sobria and 182 a. hydrophila isolated in perth from samples of diarrhoeal or non-diarrhoeal faeces or from domestic water. strains were grouped in relation to agglutination of human, horse, rat and guinea pig erythrocytes and the effect of sugars on haemagglutination. agglutination of red cells of all four species (primary group 1) was most commonly associated with a. sobria, particularly those strains isolated from faeces of patients with diarrhoea. most a. hydrophila ...	1986	3593124
[aeromonas hydrophila in waters of lake san roque and its tributaries].	the presence of aeromonas hydrophila in 72 samples of water of lake san roque and two rivers that flow into it, situated in punilla valley, córdoba was investigated. water-peptone alkaline (enrichment medium) and rippey cabelli agar without ampicillin (selective and differential medium for aeromonas hydrophila) were used for isolation. the colonies obtained were assayed by oxidase test and subsequent oxidation-fermentation of hugh leifson, motility, urease, mannitol and trehalose fermentation, o ...	1986	3685388
phenotypic characteristics of aeromonas species isolated from adult humans.	the phenotypic characteristics of 89 aeromonas strains, most of which had been isolated from feces, were examined. eighty-two percent of the isolates could be placed into one of four groups on the basis of five tests. the relationship of these groups to the three motile species of aeromonas (aeromonas caviae, a. hydrophila, and a. sobria) that have been isolated from humans is unclear. because the means for identification of aeromonas strains to the species level appear to be imprecise and becau ...	1986	3635534
effects of paraquat and glyphosate on growth, respiration, and enzyme activity of aquatic bacteria.		1986	3940567
[the significance of various aeromonas species in the feces of patients with and without diarrhea].		1986	3951634
mercury resistant bacteria isolated from sediment.		1986	3955253
two patterns in the aeromonas salmonicida a-layer may reflect a structural transformation that alters permeability.	electron micrographs of negatively stained regular surface layers (a-layers) of aeromonas salmonicida showed two square patterns having p4 symmetry. computer image processing demonstrated that, at a resolution of 2.3 nm, both square arrays were composed of two different morphological units arranged alternatively to give a face-centered lattice in which the four nearest neighbors of each unit were the other type of unit. the lattice constant was slightly but significantly different in the two pat ...	1986	3957865
prevalence, species differentiation, and toxigenicity of aeromonas strains in cases of childhood gastroenteritis and in controls.	in a 1-year period (january to december 1984), aeromonas strains were isolated from feces of 21 of 561 (3.7%) children with gastroenteritis and from 12 of 576 (2.1%) children without intestinal disturbances (controls). the difference between the two isolation rates was not significant (x2 = 2.2; p greater than 0.05). in five cases of illness other intestinal pathogens were isolated together with aeromonas in the same stool sample. a total of 39 aeromonas strains were detected since in some cases ...	1986	3958147
focal hepatic necrosis in young ferrets infected with aeromonas species.		1986	3959372
nosocomial pneumonia due to a. hydrophila.		1986	3960539
heme requirement for growth of fastidious atypical strains of aeromonas salmonicida.	the growth of fastidious atypical strains of the fish pathogen aeromonas salmonicida on both solid and liquid media was dependent specifically on a source of heme which was apparently required for initiation of growth at low inoculum densities. thus, hemin enhanced the plating efficiencies of such strains on solid medium and significantly reduced their inoculum-size-dependent lag times in broth. the heme requirement could also be satisfied by hematoporphyrin and, less effectively, by hemoglobin. ...	1986	3963814
the interaction of complement components with aeromonas species.	the interaction of seven serum-sensitive aeromonas strains with the complement system was investigated using a 2-h quantitative assay. of the strains tested, four isolates activated both the alternative and classical pathways, two activated only the alternative pathway, and one strain was sensitive to the bactericidal action of complement through the classical pathway only. two of the four aeromonas caviae strains were such efficient activators of the complement system that when challenged with ...	1986	3697841
pediatric gastroenteritis associated with aeromonas sobria and campylobacter jejuni.		1986	3703054
growth of aeromonas species on enteric agars.	the efficacy of eight routine enteric agars for supporting the growth of 32 strains of aeromonas spp. (17 a. hydrophila strains, 8 a. sobria strains, and 7 a. caviae strains) was investigated. the plating efficiency of aeromonas spp. on these media varied greatly (range, 0 to 100%), as did their colony size when compared with that on noninhibitory medium (5% sheep blood agar). plating efficiency on seven of these eight media appeared to be strain- and not species dependent. overall, eosin-methyl ...	1986	3711297
production of "asao toxin" by aeromonas strains isolated from feces and drinking water.	cultures of aeromonas species were tested for production of a toxin recently purified by asao et al. (t. asao, y. kinoshita, s. kozaki, t. uemura, and g. sukaguchi, infect. immun. 46:122-127, 1984) and described as a hemolysin with enterotoxic and cytotoxic activity. the toxin was produced by only 63% of aeromonas sobria strains and by 93% of aeromonas hydrophila strains. also, 54% of a. hydrophila strains produced another cytotoxic entity.	1986	3711306
bacteria in enteric lesions of horses.	thirty-three species of bacteria were isolated from the gastrointestinal mucosa of 23 adult horses and two foals. the bacteria isolated could be related to gross and microscopical lesions in some cases. clostridium perfringens type a, actinobacillus equuli, salmonella typhimurium and campylobacter coli biotype 1 could all be associated with gastrointestinal lesions. c jejuni biotype 1 and aeromonas hydrophila were both recovered in this study and have been identified as causes of enteritis in ho ...	1986	3716108
aeromonas-related diarrhea.		1986	3718119
[isolation and identification of aeromonas hydrophila from diarrhea patients and its pathogenicity].		1986	3719695
pathophysiology of experimental aeromonas hydrophila infection in mice.	a virulent fish strain of aeromonas hydrophila was inoculated intramuscularly into laboratory mice (b10.g strain). histological, biochemical and haematological changes during the first 36 h of the infection were measured. inoculation led to septicaemia, tissue damage, endotoxic shock and death. histological examination revealed: (1) severe muscle necrosis at the injection site; (2) oedema, haemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration of the lung; and (3) focal parenchymal necrosis in the liver. signi ...	1986	3723583
partial characterisation of a soluble haemagglutinin from human diarrhoeal isolates of aeromonas.	a soluble haemagglutinin has been identified in cell-free culture supernates of human diarrhoeal isolates of aeromonas sobria, a. hydrophila and a. caviae. it was oligomeric; a major peak of haemagglutinating activity had an apparent mol. wt of 780,000 but there was haemagglutinating activity throughout the mol. wt range less than 40,000- greater than 10(6). human group o, a and b, horse, rabbit, chicken and rat erythrocytes, but not those of sheep and cow, were agglutinated by the soluble haema ...	1986	3723584
epidemiology of aeromonas hydrophila stool isolates in a pediatric population.		1986	3725668
biochemical characteristics, enterotoxigenicity and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of clinical isolates of aeromonas species encountered in the western region of saudi arabia.	the biochemical characteristics, enterotoxigenicity and susceptibility to antibiotics are reported for 22 strains of aeromonas species isolated from clinical specimens in the western region of saudi arabia. aeromonas caviae was the species most frequently observed; a high proportion of these strains fermented lactose, whereas lactose fermentation was not observed in strains of a. hydrophila and a. sobria. enterotoxigenicity, as judged by cytotoxicity in tissue culture was observed in three of fo ...	1986	3735390
quantitative and qualitative studies of gut flora in striped bass from estuarine and coastal marine environments.	examination of the intestinal contents of 130 striped bass (morone saxatilis) collected from the hudson river and long island sound during may to october 1981 showed that opportunistic fish pathogens--especially aeromonas hydrophila--predominated in samples from both locations. other isolates from both groups of striped bass included vibrio, pseudomonads, flavo-bacteria, alcaligenes, and enterics. small numbers of micrococcus, bacillus, corynebacterium, and acinetobacter were also isolated. tota ...	1986	3735580
pathogenesis of aeromonas hydrophilia induced diarrhoea.		1986	3741302
incidence and virulence of aeromonas species in feces of children with diarrhea.	aeromonas spp. occurring in feces of children with diarrhea were studied. forty-eight strains were isolated from 2,025 specimens during a one year period. only 11 of 44 strains tested yielded virulence factors (cytotoxin, hemolysin and hemagglutinin). six strains were identified as aeromonas sobria and five as aeromonas hydrophila. the other strains isolated were identified as aeromonas caviae. the biochemical characteristics associated with virulence factors were a positive voges-proskauer reac ...	1986	3743554
purification and characterization of an aeromonas hydrophila hemolysin.	a hemolysin produced by aeromonas hydrophila ca-11, isolated from an environmental source, was purified by sulfopropyl-sephadex c-25 chromatography at ph 5.0. this hemolysin caused fluid accumulation in infant mouse intestines and rabbit intestinal loops and killed vero cells, as did the hemolysin produced by strain ah-1, isolated from a diarrheal case. in polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses at phs 4.0 and 9.4 and in thin-layer isoelectric focusing, ca-11 hemolysin migrated as a single band to a ...	1986	3745420
isolation of aeromonas hydrophila from a case of neonatal diarrhoea (a case report).		1986	3746714
[aeromonas hydrophila--the causative agent of 2 episodes of acute diarrheal disease in small children].		1986	3749728
the clinical significance of stool isolates of aeromonas.	the purpose of this study was to determine the clinical significance of different aeromonas species isolated from stool. during a 17-month period, 29 strains of aeromonas were isolated and identified to species with the following results: 22, a. caviae, 5, a. hydrophila, and 2, a. sobria. clinical significance was determined independently of knowledge of speciation result. nineteen isolates represented colonization, implying that aeromonas can be recovered from the gastrointestinal tract without ...	1986	3751983
potential enteropathogens in fish from lake kivu.		1986	3753053
clinical associations of aeromonas spp. in fecal specimens from children.	human infections caused by aeromonas spp. are being reported with increased frequency. we examined 1012 unselected stool specimens from 799 children for various pathogens, including aeromonas spp., to evaluate the clinical associations of aeromonas spp. in the stools of children in the east end of london. a total of 33 children had positive cultures for aeromonas spp. these were identified as: aeromonas hydrophila (16), a. sobria (9), a. caviae (8). aeromonas spp. were identified by being oxidas ...	1986	3757397
[aeromonas hydrophila--causative agent of severe enterocolitis?].		1986	3757818
new unusual forms of colitis. report of four cases with known and unknown etiology.	four patients with colitis, in two of whom the etiology was unknown, are presented. one patient with discontinuous segmental colitis was infected by aeromonas hydrophila, and another with presumed idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease was superinfected by this pathogen. although aeromonas hydrophila has been known as a rare cause of diarrhea in our region, it is in the first instance reported to cause severe long-lasting colitis as well as superinfection of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease ...	1986	3758910
bacterial flora associated with an organic manure-aquaculture system in kainji lake basin area, nigeria.	studies on poultry-cum fish integrated aquaculture system showed contamination of water and fish by faecal and streptococci coliform, with most probable numbers of 10(5) fc/100 ml and 10(3) fc/100 ml respectively. it was also found that both water and fish muscles are contaminated with pseudomonas sp, escherichia sp., aeromonas sp. and staphylococcus sp. which are of public health significance and could play primary role as occupational disease of fish handlers.	1986	3759357
[effect of cefminox on bacterial flora in human adult feces].	cefminox (cmnx), a new cephamycin, was administered by one shot intravenous injection twice daily with a dose of 1,000 mg each time for 5 days to seven healthy male volunteers whose ages ranged from 21 to 28 years (mean: 25 years) and body weights were from 60 to 92 kg mean: 72 kg). the effect of the drug on fecal bacterial flora was investigated and the concentrations of the drug in feces were measured on 5th day before the treatment, on 0, 3rd, and 5th day (the final day of the treatment) duri ...	1986	3761549
more on pathogenic mechanisms of aeromonas-related diarrhea.		1986	3763428
pronephric leucocytes of cyprinus carpio: isolation, separation and characterization.	since the teleost pronephros is an important source of diverse immunocytes, suspensions of pronephric cells from young adult carp have been characterized. in freshly prepared suspensions, adherent, spreading cells (macrophages?) constituted less than 3% of the total population. granulocytes and lymphocytes were co-dominant (less than 80%) leucocyte types. continuous percoll density gradient centrifugation yielded discrete subpopulations with these rho values and cytological characteristics: frac ...	1986	3765337
interaction between aeromonas salmonicida and peritoneal macrophages of brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis).	the phagocytic and bactericidal properties of peritoneal macrophages obtained from brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis), injected with either glycogen or a modified freund's complete adjuvant (mfca), were evaluated against an avirulent and a virulent strain of aeromonas salmonicida. avirulent bacteria were effectively phagocytized and killed by macrophages obtained from fish injected with both irritants. with glycogen-elicited macrophages, no enhancement of killing was observed following opsoniza ...	1986	3765344
effects of metals on the chemiluminescent response of rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri) phagocytes.	quantification of an induced chemiluminescent (cl) response in phagocytes is currently being evaluated as an indicator system for determining those environmental pollutants that may predispose fish to disease. a cl assay was developed using phagocytes from the pronephros of rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri). the cl response of phagocytes to phorbol myristate acetate, a chemical inducer of cl, was shown to be dose-dependent. the response to five species of bacteria was also evaluated. staphylococcu ...	1986	3765345
effect of an immunopotentiator on aeromonas salmonicida infection in rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri).	the immunoactive peptide fk-565 (heptanoyl-y-d-glutamyl-(l)-mesodiaminopimelyl-(d)-alanine) was found to induce protection against intraperitoneal aeromonas salmonicida infection in rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri richardson). the survival rate was as high as 60% when fk-565 was given intraperitoneally as a single dose (1mg/kg) one day before bacterial challenge. a non-specific stimulation of phagocytic cells by fk-565 at an early stage of the bacterial infection may contribute to the resistance ...	1986	3765348
blood changes in carp (cyprinus carpio) induced by ulcerative aeromonas salmonicida infections.	only recently aeromonas salmonicida has been recognized as a significant bacterial pathogen in ulcerative disease of cyprinid fish. our attempts to formulate a vaccine based on bacterial surface antigens were unsuccessful in conferring reliable protection against lethal challenge. this lead us to study pathological changes in the humoral defense system during ulcerative a. salmonicida infection in carp. high numbers of opportunist pathogens such as a. hydrophila and pseudomonas sp. were frequent ...	1986	3765352
does aeromonas salmonicida affect the immune system of carp, cyprinus carpio l.?	aeromonas salmonicida is a significant bacterial pathogen of cyprinid and salmonid fishes causing the systemic disease furunculosis. several observations led us to believe that a. salmonicida was able to evade or suppress the immune system of the fish: injection of whole bacteria or surface antigens was unsuccessful at protecting fish against lethal challenges; memory did not develop in survivors of sublethal infections; diseased fish often carried other opportunistic bacterial pathogens in addi ...	1986	3765353
surface antigens of virulent strains of aeromonas hydrophila.	antiserum was raised in rabbits to whole cells of a representative strain from a group of a. hydrophila strains exhibiting enhanced virulence for fish. the major surface antigens of the strain were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and western blotting. the lipopolysaccharide (lps) was examined using sds-page and silver staining. it was found to possess o polysaccharide chains of homogeneous length that were highly immunogenic. the lps was conserv ...	1986	3765354
protective efficacy of aeromonas hydrophila vaccines in nile tilapia.	protection and serum antibody production against aeromonas hydrophila was examined in nile tilapia, tilapia nilotica (l.). intraperitoneally injected formal in-killed and freunds complete adjuvant vaccines were compared using different doses (2.9 x 10(7) and 2.9 x 10(9) cfu/ml). upon challenge, the protective ability and antibody titers resulting were significantly different between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. a relative level of protection of 100% was obtained within two-weeks, and a ma ...	1986	3765355
[hygienic basis for using fish treated with crotonolactone as human food].	a hygienic evaluation has been presented of fish bred in pools and treated with commercial crotopolactone for the therapy and prevention of aeromonosis, which was not previously used for this purpose. basing on the study of the residual amounts of crotonolactone in the fish, of the organoleptic properties, chemical composition and biological value of the fish, as well as on the results of a chronic (12 months) experiment on test animals, the authors have made a conclusion on the possibility of u ...	1986	3765543
aeromonas intestinal infections in the united states.	to evaluate the clinical and epidemiologic aspects of aeromonas enteritis, we studied the cases of 34 persons nationwide from whom aeromonas hydrophila had been isolated in large numbers from stool in 1984. compared with 68 control subjects, these patients were more likely to have drunk untreated water, usually from private wells (odds ratio = 20.9; p less than 0.01). eighteen of the isolates belonged to a single dna-relatedness group of the eight described for aeromonas species, but no clear co ...	1986	3767148
cadmium-nickel toxicity interactions towards a bacterium, filamentous fungi, and a cultured mammalian cell line.		1986	3768552
improved bacterial growth test for rapid water toxicity screening.		1986	3768554
a modified enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for monitoring antibody production during experimental aeromonas salmonicida infection in rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri)		1986	3770272
evidence for production of an enterotoxin and cholera toxin cross-reactive factor by aeromonas hydrophila.	the enterotoxins produced by aeromonas hydrophila were examined for biological activity by the rabbit ileal loop and suckling mouse assays, as well as by elongation of cho cells. antigenic evaluation of the culture filtrates from various isolates of a. hydrophila was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with anti-cholera toxin and anti-aeromonas enterotoxin. heat stability data demonstrated the presence of a heat-labile cholera toxin cross-reactive factor and a heat stable non-cholera ...	1986	3771756
in vitro activities of ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074, new oral cephalosporins.	the in vitro activities of two new oral cephalosporins, ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074, were compared with the in vitro activities of cefuroxime, cefaclor, amoxicillin-clavulanate, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz), and doxycycline against a variety of bacterial species. mic50s (mics required to inhibit 50% of strains) of ro 19-5247 were less than or equal to 0.13 micrograms/ml for streptococci (except streptococcus faecalis) and haemophilus influenzae; 0.25 to 2 micrograms/ml for most strains ...	1986	3777906
the structure of the heptose-3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic-acid region in a mutant form of aeromonas salmonicida lipopolysaccharide.	lipopolysaccharide was isolated from a phage-selected mutant of a wild strain of aeromonas salmonicida by the aqueous phenol method. the lipopolysaccharide consisted of the r form, containing per mole, three moles of l-glycero-d-manno-heptopyranose, one mole of 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (docla) and lipid a. the docla was not fully assayable by the thiobarbituric acid methods usually used, but its degradation product was detected, after smith degradation of the lipopolysaccharide, either ...	1986	3780744
isolation and characterization of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria from natural spring waters in the lanjaron area (spain).	aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from nine natural mineral water springs in the lanjaron area of spain over the period july 1980 to may 1981. the mineral waters contained few bacteria (mean counts 26-5275 cfu per 100 ml) and the bacterial flora of all nine springs was very similar. most of the isolates were gram-negative rods (90%), and among these pseudomonas spp. and members of the flavobacterium-cytophaga-flexibacter group were numerically dominant. aeromonas-vibrio and enterobac ...	1986	3781942
the relative importance of various enteropathogens as a cause of diarrhoea in hospitalized children in chiang mai, thailand.	a study of 208 children aged under 15 hospitalized with diarrhea and 108 matched controls was conducted at chiang mai university hospital, chiang mai, thailand from may 1983 to april 1984 to investigate the incidence, seasonal distribution, and causative agents of diarrhea. 1 or more enteropathogens were isolated from 121 (58%) diarrhea patients and from 32 (30%) controls. in diarrhea patients, shigella spp. were most frequently isolated (22%) followed by enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epe ...	1986	3794260
toxin production by aeromonas spp. from different sources.	one hundred and eleven isolates of aeromonas from water and from human sources were identified to species level and tested for the production of cytotoxin. these results were correlated with the source of each isolate and, for those from human faeces, with the clinical history of diarrhoea. a. caviae predominated in water, comprising 16 of 32 isolates; only one isolate from water was a. sobria. in human faecal samples 21 of 76 isolates were a. sobria; this was a significant difference. cytotoxin ...	1986	3795251
comparison of direct plating with the use of enrichment culture for isolation of aeromonas spp. from faeces.	direct plating of faecal specimens on blood agar was compared with the use of enrichment culture for isolation of aeromonas spp. from faeces during a large epidemiological study. of enterotoxigenic strains isolated by direct plating, 89% were associated with acute diarrhoea and 7% with an episode of diarrhoea during the month before collection, but 79% of enterotoxigenic strains isolated only after enrichment were not associated with acute diarrhoea. with aeromonas spp., as with intestinal patho ...	1986	3795252
aeromonas hydrophila-associated diarrhea in a neonate.		1986	3797303
antimicrobial susceptibility of aeromonas species isolated from patients with diarrhea.	in vitro susceptibility to 17 antimicrobial agents was determined for aeromonas caviae, a. hydrophila, and a. sobria isolated from feces of patients with diarrhea. the three aeromonas species shared a similar susceptibility pattern, except to cephalothin. of the oral antimicrobial agents, the quinolones, followed by chloramphenicol, were most active; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline had good but variable activity.	1986	3800356
modified activity of aeromonas aminopeptidase: metal ion substitutions and role of substrates.	aeromonas aminopeptidase contains two nonidentical metal binding sites that have been shown by both spectroscopy and kinetics to be capable of interacting with one another [prescott, j.m., wagner, f.w., holmquist, b., & vallee, b.l. (1985) biochemistry 24, 5350-5356]. the effects of metal ion substitutions on the susceptibility of the p-nitroanilides of l-alanine, l-valine, and l-leucine--substrates that are hydrolyzed at widely differing rates by native aeromonas aminopeptidase--were studied by ...	1986	3801458
ribosomal rna phylogenies for the vibrio-enteric group of eubacteria.	comparisons between the ribonucleotide sequences of 5s rrnas of the gram-negative eubacteria indicate that several families, namely enterobacteriaceae, vibrionaceae and aeromonadaceae possess remarkably similar evolutionary histories. a study of the phylogenetic relationships among these groups, through cluster analysis and construction of evolutionary trees, suggests the existence of dissimilar rates of evolution along the several lineages. these dissimilarities are most evident in comparisons ...	1986	2484672
electrostatic mechanism of survival of virulent aeromonas salmonicida strains in river water.	the ecological mechanism of survival of aeromonas salmonicida, the bacterial pathogen of fish furunculosis, in river water was investigated by laboratory-based experiments with two virulent strains (which were autoagglutinating) and two virulent strains (which were nonagglutinating). a difference in net electrical charge of a. salmonicida cells was detected by electrophoresis; cells of the virulent strains were negative, whereas cells of the avirulent strains were positive. despite the loss of v ...	1986	2942106
applicability of coagglutination test for detecting aeromonas salmonicida antigens from extracts of bacterial cultures and experimentally infected tissues of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).		1986	2953200
infections of the gastrointestinal tract in the immunocompromised patient.	immunocompromised patients are susceptible to a variety of serious gastrointestinal infections. among the most common or most severe are mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, herpes simplex, candidiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and salmonellosis. some of these infections are difficult or impossible to treat successfully. the correct diagnosis often can only be established if it is first suspected and the appropriate studies are performed.	1986	3010805
pathogens that cause travelers' diarrhea in latin america and africa.	with the advent of rapid and convenient means of transportation, millions of persons travel each year from industrialized to developing countries in the tropics and subtropics. these travelers are at risk for a variety of infectious diseases that are endemic in these areas; the most frequently occurring of these is diarrhea. studies of groups of travelers to latin america and africa have found that approximately one-half develop diarrhea during their stay abroad. etiologic investigations of thes ...	1986	3014633
comparative activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors ytr 830, clavulanate, and sulbactam combined with ampicillin and broad-spectrum penicillins against defined beta-lactamase-producing aerobic gram-negative bacilli.	the in vitro synergistic activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors ytr 830, clavulanate, and sulbactam, combined with ampicillin, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, and apalcillin, were determined against 34 strains of members of the enterobacteriaceae family, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aeromonas hydrophila, and haemophilus influenzae with characterized plasmid or chromosomal beta-lactamases or both. strains were tested against fixed concentrations of beta-lactamase inhibitors (8 ...	1986	3015017
a spectral study of cobalt(ii)-substituted bacillus cereus phospholipase c.	the coordination sphere of both the structural and catalytic zinc ions of bacillus cereus phospholipase c has been probed by substitution of cobalt(ii) for zinc and investigation of the resultant derivatives by a variety of spectroscopic techniques. the electronic absorption, circular dichroic, magnetic circular dichroic, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra were found to be strikingly similar when cobalt(ii) was substituted into either site and are consistent with a distorted octahedral ...	1986	3019384
molecular cloning and expression in escherichia coli of the structural gene for the hemolytic toxin aerolysin from aeromonas hydrophila.	the structural gene for the hemolytic toxin aerolysin has been cloned into the plasmid vectors pbr322 and pembl8+. the gene was localized on the hybrid plasmids by analysis of plasmids generated by transposon mutagenesis. the sequence of the first 683 bases of an insert in pembl8+ was determined and shown to encode the amino terminus of the protein as well as a typical signal sequence of 23 amino acids. aerolysin is produced by e. coli cells containing the cloned aerolysin gene and it is process ...	1986	3020368
[diarrhea caused by aeromonas in ivory coast].	the authors drawn epidemiological, clinical conclusions, and the geographical data concerning the diarrheas with aeromonas in ivory-coast. the results relate to a study realized from january 1982 to july 1985. out of the 1,594 excrements 627 germes have been isolated and among which 153 strains of aeromonas if for instance 24.4% of the whole germs. aeromonas caviae is the most frequent species (50%) compared to 27.3% for aeromonas sobria, and 22.7% for aeromonas hydrophila.	1986	3026671
the characterization of a conjugative r-plasmid isolated from aeromonas salmonicida.	we have analyzed two related r-plasmids isolated from aeromonas salmonicida: par32 and pja8102-1, which encode resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and sulfonamides (su). the genetic map of pja8102-1 indicated that this plasmid consists of at least three functionally different regions. one is the region conferring ability to transfer (tra), one is the region coding for drug resistance genes (r-det), and one is the region encoding the replication functions (rep). both plasmids contain rep ...	1986	3027727
fatal infection with aeromonas sobria and plesiomonas shigelloides.		1986	3081156
[transmission of vibrio cholerae. possible role of the camel].	choleraic vibrio uses the moving means that man discovers to his own use. camels (passive and active vehicles of large quantity of crude water) were experimentally infected with a vibrio (tox. +) and an aeromonas (tox. +). suckling young camels eliminate them for 6 days and grown-up camels for 25 days. this experience, associated with the discovery of vibrio non 01 and shigella in the caravan camel dungs, lead them to become a potential vector of spreading from one oasis to another.	1986	3096512
melanogenesis in murine b16 cells exposed to aeromonas hydrophila cytotoxic enterotoxin.	specific markers (growth, melanogenesis) of b16 murine melanoma cells in culture were used as indicators of toxin production by aeromonas hydrophila. cytotonic enterotoxinlike activity (inhibited growth, raised tyrosinase activity, and melanin accumulation) occurred at cytotoxic end points of purified beta-hemolysin and several culture filtrates. antihemolysin rabbit serum inhibited this activity. a hemolysin-neutralized culture filtrate concentrate (10x) failed to elevate tyrosinase relative to ...	1986	3098398