Publications

[present status and perspectives of the study of "inflammation of the air bladder" in carp].		2003	5761132
[mechanisms of discriminating elementary and complex components in form recognition by carp (cyprinus carpio)].		2003	5379421
[study on intestinal microflora in carp with infectious dropsy].		2003	5752917
[a change in the sign of the local electroretinogram of isolated carp retinas].		2003	5741479
the infective agent in carp pox.		2003	4290775
[injuries to carp embryos caused by residual waters].		2003	6007052
electrophoretic blood protein research in healthy and infected carp.		2003	5963320
experimental transmission of infectious dropsy of carp.		2003	5963319
quantification of common carp (cyprinus carpio) igf-i and igf-ii mrna by real-time pcr: differential regulation of expression by gh.	igfs are potent mitogens for many different cell types and play important roles in growth and development. a multitude of regulatory factors modulate the expression of igfs. in some teleosts, liver igf-i expression has been demonstrated to depend on the presence of gh. however, the gh dependence of igf-ii expression in teleosts is controversial. moreover, most igf expression studies in bony fish have been focused on the liver, and information on extrahepatic tissues are conflicting and inconsist ...	2003	12967342
alkylphenol and alkylphenol-ethoxylates in carp, water, and sediment from the cuyahoga river, ohio.	the occurrence of alkylphenol and alkylphenol ethoxylates (apes) was determined over a 74-mile length of the cuyahoga river, ohio. measurable levels of both the octyl and nonyl forms of these abundantly used nonionic surfactants were observed with the nonylphenol (np) plus nonylphenol ethoxylates (npes) typically accounting for greater than 90% of the total apes in each sample. for all media (water, fish, and sediment) the total npe (np + npe) concentrations were higher in the more urbanized dow ...	2003	12967092
from aquaculture goals to real social and ecological impacts: carp introduction in rural central mexico.	aquaculture has been seen as a solution to food/protein availability in rural populations of poor countries. it is mainly based on exotic species, that produce changes in host system dynamics once introduced. aquaculture not only changes the ecology of freshwater systems, but can also lead to modification of social relations. until now, aquaculture programs have not been adequately analyzed no questioned enough. we evaluate both ecological effects and local social benefits of common carp aquacul ...	2003	12956589
comparative responses of molluscs and fish to environmental estrogens and an estrogenic effluent.	it is now well established that there is a diverse array of chemicals discharged into the environment that can mimic or antagonise the action of hormones. these endocrine-disrupting chemicals (edcs) can thus interact with physiological systems and cause alterations in development, growth and reproduction in wildlife that are exposed to them. as yet, however, there is little information on the relative sensitivities of different wildlife groups to these chemicals and/or mixtures of them (e.g. est ...	2003	12946619
molecular cloning of a novel bactericidal permeability-increasing protein/lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (bpi/lbp) from common carp cyprinus carpio l. and its expression.	a novel bactericidal permeability-increasing protein/lipopolysaccharide (lps)-binding protein (bpi/lbp) was isolated from common carp cyprinus carpio l. by est analysis. this gene showed structural similarity with bpi/lbp gene in mammals. the isolated gene was composed of 1638 bp, which translated to a protein of 473 amino acid residues. the predicted signal peptide was 18 amino acid residues and the lps-binding domain is conserved in this sequence consisted of residues 57-121 amino acid residue ...	2003	12943799
[excitatory postsynaptic potential evoked by stimulation of the ventrolateral region of the cerebellum in crucian carp mauthner cell].	in the present experiments, the characteristics of the electrical responses to stimulation of the cerebellum in crucian carp mauthner cell were explored with microeletrode intracellular recording technique. a composite excitatory postsynaptic potential (cerebellum-evoked epsp) could be induced from the soma, the ventral dendrite and the proximal end of the lateral dendrite in crucian carp mauthner cell (m-cell) on either side by stimulation of the ventrolateral region of the cerebellum. the cere ...	2003	12937828
short-term storage of oocytes from the neotropical teleost fish prochilodus marggravii.	the loss of oocyte viability after ovulation is one of the limiting factors in controlled reproduction of several fish species. experiments were performed with 15 feral prochilodus marggravii female fish induced to spawn with crude carp pituitary extract to evaluate the viability of oocytes retained within the ovarian cavity (in situ storage) and outside of the ovarian cavity (ex situ storage). because fertility rates rapidly declined after ovulation, simultaneously with an increase in the numbe ...	2003	12935846
tissue- and stressor-specific differential expression of two hsc70 genes in carp.	two genes expressing 70 kda heat shock proteins were identified in cyprinus carpio. the sequence similarities and the intron-interrupted structure of the coding regions indicate that carp hsc70-1 and hsc70-2 belong to the hsp70 cognate subfamily. the expressions of the two hsc70 genes were followed by semi-quantitative rt-pcr. both genes are expressed under unstressed conditions in a characteristic tissue-specific manner. inducibility of the response to elevated temperature, cold shock, and cd t ...	2003	12893250
molecular cloning of g type lysozyme cdna in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).		2003	12892747
molecular identification and expression analysis of tumor necrosis factor in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus).	a tumor necrosis factor (tnf) alpha-like gene, encoding a propeptide of 230 amino acids and a mature (soluble) peptide of 162 amino acids, was identified in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). while the catfish protein shared features in common with both mammalian tnfalpha and tnfbeta homologs, overall sequence identity/similarity was slightly higher vs. tnfalpha genes when mature tnf sequences were compared. phylogenetic analysis placed catfish and other fish tnf sequences within their own c ...	2003	12880635
stability and emulsion-forming ability of water-soluble fish myofibrillar protein prepared by conjugation with alginate oligosaccharide.	carp myofibrillar protein (mf) was conjugated with alginate oligosaccharide (ao) through the maillard reaction under low relative humidity, and the functional properties of the mf-ao conjugate were investigated under different nacl concentrations and ph levels. mf became highly solubilized at lower nacl concentrations by conjugation with ao, with a slight loss of available lysine. the thermal stability of mf was effectively improved by conjugation with ao. heat treatment at 80 degrees c for 2 h ...	2003	12848513
myocardial revascularization before carotid endarterectomy.	diffuse atherosclerosis involving more than 1 vascular bed is a challenging problem. the natural histories of carotid and coronary atherosclerosis are clearly intertwined. the optimal strategies for treatment of patients who present with carotid artery stenoses and co-existent coronary artery disease (cad) remain controversial. minimally invasive screening tests for cad are often unreliable, and patients presenting with significant extracranial carotid artery stenoses should usually be assumed t ...	2003	12832990
clonal diversity in the japanese silver crucian carp, carassius langsdorfii inferred from genetic markers.	the japanese silver crucian carp, carassius langsdorfii, is a naturally polyploid fish that reproduces by gynogenesis, resulting in a geographically clustered clonal population. to determine the amount of clonal diversity in this species, we used genetic markers to compare fish from several japanese locations. samples were collected from lake kasumigaura (ibaraki pref.), lake imba (chiba pref.), lake fukushimagata (niigata pref.), lake biwa (shiga pref.), lake koyama (tottori pref.), and the niy ...	2003	12832833
recent duplication of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) genome as revealed by analyses of microsatellite loci.	genome duplications may have played a role in the early stages of vertebrate evolution, near the time of divergence of the lamprey lineage. additional genome duplication, specifically in ray-finned fish, may have occurred before the divergence of the teleosts. the common carp (cyprinus carpio) has been considered tetraploid because of its chromosome number (2n = 100) and its high dna content. we studied variation using 59 microsatellite primer pairs to better understand the ploidy level of the c ...	2003	12832638
the effect of high dose of cortisol on glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activity, and glucose and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate concentration in carp tissues (cyprinus carpio l.).	the effect of a high dose of cortisol (200 mg kg(-1) body mass) on juvenile carp was investigated. the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in liver and of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in liver, kidney and muscle, the serum glucose and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate concentration as well as the serum concentration of the injected hormone were measured after 24, 72 and 216 h after intraperitoneal cortisol injection. the activities of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in liver and kidney and glucose-6-phosphatas ...	2003	12831768
study of estrogenic effects on carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to sewage treatment plant effluents.	to investigate whether male carp (cyprinus carpio) are really feminized by estrogen-like substances in effluent from sewage treatment plants (stps) in japan, exposure tests were performed using carp in water tanks that were receiving effluent from a stp. during eight weeks of exposure, we had measured their serum vitellogenin (vtg), a precursor of yolk protein specific for females that is synthesized in their liver by estrogen-like substances and that is, therefore, a biomarker of feminization. ...	2003	12830946
effects of fish introduction on the length of the tail of cryptomonads in mesocosm experiments.	two different morphs of the small cryptomonad, plagioselmis prolonga var. nordica with a posterior tail, were observed during summer and fall in the hypertrophic lake, lake kasumigaura, japan. the tail shortened in mesocosms stocked with planktivorous silver carp ( hypophthalmichthys molitrix val.) and elongated by more than 50% in mesocosms from which silver carp were removed. the density of plagioselmis cells increased significantly upon fish stocking and decreased upon fish removal. the tail ...	2003	12820066
expansion of genes encoding complement components in bony fish: biological implications of the complement diversity.	the complement system is a major humoral component of vertebrate defenses for tagging and killing target microorganisms. recent molecular analyses have uncovered a striking feature of bony fish complement, namely that several complement components are encoded by multiple genes. in this review, the structural diversity of c3, c4, c5, factor b, c2, c1r/s and masp are discussed with special reference to their functional differentiation, mainly focusing on the common carp (cyprinus carpio), a tetrap ...	2003	12818633
autoradiographic distribution of neuropeptide y binding sites in the brain of the carp cyprinus carpio l. (cyprinidae, teleostei).	the present study reports the distribution of neuropeptide y (npy)-binding sites in the brain of the adult carp cyprinus carpio l. radioiodinated npy was used as tracer in the autoradiographic procedure. the npy-binding sites (npy-bs) were widely distributed in the carp brain. generally, a good match was observed between the distribution of npy-bs and the distribution of npy-immunoreactive (npy-ir) elements previously reported in the forebrain of the carp. low to moderate concentration of npy-bs ...	2003	12814784
vitellogenin in carp (cyprinus carpio) and perch (perca fluviatilis): purification, characterization and development of an elisa for the detection of estrogenic effects.	vitellogenin (vtg), a phospholipoglycoprotein precursor of egg yolk is synthesized and secreted in the liver in response to circulating estrogens in female fish. thus, the presence of vtg in male fish is a useful biomarker to identify estrogenic activity of natural or anthropogenic substances in sewage effluents. we report the purification of carp (cyprinus carpio) and perch (perca fluviatilis) vtg with the subsequent development and characterization of a specific elisa for vtg measurement. vtg ...	2003	12798095
glycinergic input to carp retinal ganglion cells may be mediated by glycine receptors with homologous kinetics.	current responses of carp retinal ganglion cells (rgcs) retrogradely labeled and freshly dissociated to rapid application of glycine were recorded by whole-cell patch clamp techniques and effects of glycine antagonists on these responses were analyzed. the current response to maintained application of glycine at a concentration higher than 30 microm exhibited desensitization, which was well fitted to a monoexponential function. strychnine (1 microm), a glycine receptor antagonist, completely blo ...	2003	14575889
long-term exposure effects in vitellogenin, sex hormones, and biotransformation enzymes in female carp in relation to a sewage treatment works.	in the present study, the estrogenic response in the reproductive cycle of female carp, cyprinus carpio, in relation to a sewage treatment works (stws) was measured as: alterations in plasmatic and hepatic vitellogenin (vtg) content, plasma levels of testosterone (t) and estradiol (e2), and effects on key enzymes of phases i and ii biotransformation, ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) and glutathione s-transferase (gst). low plasma vtg content in females collected 4 km downstream of an effluent ...	2003	14575677
a study of 110mag in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.	experiments on a simulated terrestrial agricultural ecosystem were carried out using the pot culture approach. the most representative plants in local vegetable gardens were selected to investigate the root uptake of (110m)ag. the results show that carrot, kale and flowering cabbage have the largest transfer factor values among the vegetables. flowering cabbage, as the most popular leafy vegetable in hong kong and the south china area, can be used as a biomonitor for radioisotope contamination i ...	2003	12720001
effect of sub-lethal concentrations of endosulfan on hematological and serum biochemical parameters in the carp cyprinus carpio.		2003	12719826
3-methylcholanthrene inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and increases intracellular calcium levels in common carp (cyprinus carpio l).	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are an important class of environmental pollutants that are known to be carcinogenic and immunotoxic. many authors have focused on macrophage activities in fish exposed to pahs. however, fewer studies have reported decrease in specific immunity in such fish. we investigated the intracellular mechanisms by which the 3-methylcholanthrene (3-mc) decreased lymphocyte proliferation in carp. t- and b-lymphocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin a (con a) and ...	2003	12711420
head kidney neutrophils of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) are functionally modulated by the haemoflagellatetrypanoplasma borreli.	in the present work responses of carp (cyprinus carpio) head kidney-derived neutrophils to the blood parasite t. borreli, and the consequences of these responses for parasite survival and other host response mechanisms, were studied. in co-cultures of head kidney leucocytes (hkl) with viable and lysed t. borreli a prominent shape change of neutrophilic granulocytes towards increased size and complexity was observed. in addition, the longevity of neutrophils in vitro was prolonged in the presence ...	2003	12711273
regulation of branchial na(+)/k(+)-atpase in common carp cyprinus carpio l. acclimated to different temperatures.	isogenic carp cyprinus carpio l. were acclimated to water temperatures of 15, 22 and 29 degrees c for at least 8 weeks. the acclimations consistently resulted in slightly, but significantly, different plasma osmolality, sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations between the groups studied. plasma total and ionic calcium levels were unaffected, indicating successful adaptation. the apparent changes in set point for plasma ion levels are explained by altered sodium pump activity and hormonal co ...	2003	12771175
dopamine effect on the stimulus pattern related changes in response characteristics of r/g horizontal cells in carp retina.	repetitive red flashes increased the r/g horizontal cells' red response amplitude and induced a hyperpolarization of the cells' dark membrane potential. these phenomena were eliminated in 6-ohda pretreated retinas and restored by exogenous dopamine, which suggests the involvement of dopamine receptor activity changes instead of dopamine release changes. furthermore, the phenomena persisted on d(1) receptor antagonist (skf-83566) application, whereas they diminished on d(2) receptor antagonist (e ...	2003	12738062
functional changes of the lh-immunoreactive cells in adenohypophysis of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) from rivers contaminated with estrogenic chemicals.	the adverse effect of estrogenic chemicals on luteinizing hormone-immunoreactive (lh-ir) cells in the adenohypophysis of common carp (cyprinus carpio) was examined using immunocytochemical and morphometric methods. adult male fish were collected from two contaminated sites (ishizu and wada rivers) and from a control pond at agriculture, food and environmental sciences, research center of osaka prefecture. the concentration of nonylphenol, bisphenol a and 17beta-estradiol in the ishizu river was ...	2003	12736431
adenophostin a and imipramine are two activators of the olfactory inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated channel in fish olfatory cilia.	binding of an odorant to its receptor activates the camp-dependent pathway, and also leads to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp(3)) production. this induces opening of a plasma membrane channel in olfactory receptor cells (orcs). we investigated single-channel properties of this channel in the presence of a phospholipase c (plc) activator (imipramine) and of a potent activator of the insp(3)/ca(2+) release channel (adenophostin a) by reconstituting carp olfactory cilia into planar lipid bilayer ...	2003	12734698
investigation of acute toxicity and the effect of 2,4-d (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) herbicide on the behavior of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l., 1758; pisces, cyprinidae).	a 96-h lc(50) values of 2,4-d [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], a common contaminating agricultural herbicide, were determined on the adult common carp (cyprinus carpio l., 1758; pisces, cyprinidae). the study was conducted in two stages using 130 carp. the data obtained were statistically evaluated by the use of the epa computer program based on finney's probit analysis method and a 96-h lc(50) value for c. carpio l., 1758 was found to be 63.24 mg/l in a static bioassay test system. 95% lower ...	2003	12729702
effect of cortisol treatment and/or sublethal copper exposure on copper uptake and heat shock protein levels in common carp, cyprinus carpio.	this study compared the effects of increased endogenous cortisol levels and/or sublethal cu exposure on cu accumulation and stress protein levels (hsp70) in the freshwater common carp, cyprinus carpio. fish were exposed to either increased levels of endogenous cortisol (200 ng/ml) or sublethal cu concentrations (1.9 microm, approximately 20% of the acute 96-h median lethal concentration [lc50]) alone or were pretreated by elevating plasma cortisol levels prior to cu exposure to evaluate whether ...	2003	12729223
metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated hetero-synaptic interaction of red- and green-cone inputs to lhc of carp retina.	the role of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor (mglur) on the interaction of red- and green-cone signals was investigated in luminosity-type horizontal cell (lhc) of isolated carp retina. it was found that a dim red background could enhance lhc's light response to green stimulus, and a dim green background was also able to increase the cell's response to red flash. such mutual color enhancement was eliminated by application of groups ii and iii mglur antagonist (s)-methyl-4-carboxypheny ...	2003	12725894
immunomodulatory effects of alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone on common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the immunomodulatory effects of phagocytic cells in common carp cyprinus carpio l., by alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-msh) was analyzed in vitro. carp head kidney leucocytes were cultured in rpmi 1640 medium containing 0.05, 0.1, 1 and 10 nm alpha-msh and the production of superoxide anion was measured via the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) in vitro. macrophages incubated with alpha-msh showed an increase in the production of superoxide anion in comparison to control macro ...	2003	12543549
distribution and characteristics of d-amino acid and d-aspartate oxidases in fish tissues.	the distributions of d-amino acid oxidase (d-aao, ec 1.4.3.3) and d-aspartate oxidase (d-aspo, ec 1.4.3.1) activities were examined on several tissues of various fish species. both enzyme activities were commonly high in kidney and liver and low in intestine with some exceptions. after oral administration of d-alanine at 5 micromol /g body weight(-1)day(-1) to carp for 30 days, d-aao activity increased by about 8-, 3-, and 1.5-fold in intestine, hepatopancreas, and kidney, respectively, whereas ...	2003	12541299
an increased expression of nucleolin is associated with a physiological nucleolar segregation.	nucleolar segregation is the most striking cellular phenotypic feature of cold-acclimatized carp and depicts the cyclical reprogramming that the physiology of the fish undergoes between summer and winter, where a clear differential expression of some nucleolar related genes occurs. we characterized carp nucleolin, a nucleolar protein involved in multiple steps of ribosome biogenesis, and evaluated its expression upon fish acclimatization. we show that the carp cdna deduced amino acid sequence ex ...	2003	12535655
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.	at least 14 different carbonic anhydrase (ca, ec 4.2.1.1) isoforms were isolated in higher vertebrates, where these zinc enzymes play crucial physiological roles. some of these isozymes are cytosolic (ca i, ca ii, ca iii, ca vii), others are membrane-bound (ca iv, ca ix, ca xii, and ca xiv), ca v is mitochondrial and ca vi is secreted in saliva. three acatalytic forms are also known, which are denominated ca related proteins (carp), carp viii, carp x, and carp xi. several important physiological ...	2003	12500287
characterization of carbonic anhydrases from riftia pachyptila, a symbiotic invertebrate from deep-sea hydrothermal vents.	the symbiotic hydrothermal vent tubeworm riftia pachyptila needs to supply its internal bacterial symbionts with carbon dioxide, their inorganic carbon source. our aim in this study was to characterize the carbonic anhydrase (ca) involved in co(2) transport and conversion at various steps in the plume and the symbiotic tissue, the trophosome. a complete 1209 kb cdna has been sequenced from the trophosome and identified as a putative alpha-ca based on blast analysis and the similarities of total ...	2003	12696045
aquatic hypoxia is an disrupter and impairs fish reproduction.	there is increasing concern that certain chemicals in the aquatic environment can disrupt endocrine systems, leading to reproductive impairment and threatening survival of wild populations of invertebrates, fish, bird, reptiles, and wildlife. for the first time, we report that hypoxia is also an endocrine disruptor and poses a significant threat to the reproduction and hence sustainability of fish populations. serum levels of testosterone, estradiol, and triiodothyronine significantly decreased ...	2003	12680666
growth retardation and histopathology of common carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to gallium.		2003	14560373
analysis of genes expressed in head kidney of common carp cyprinus carpio l treated with cortisol.	we analyzed genes expressed from head kidney of common carp cyprinus carpio l. treated with cortisol. the results of single-pass sequencing of expressed sequence tags (ests) from 188 clones (au240288-au240367, au301120-au301227) from kidney cdna are presented. one-hundred-twenty-seven clones (67.6%) were completely unknown and are likely to represent newly described genes, whereas 61 clones (32.4%) were identified based on matches to sequences in the database. the putative genes contain several ...	2003	14662309
in vitro modulation of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) phagocytic cells by di-n-butyl phthalate and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate.	the modulation of common carp, cyprinus carpio l. phagocytic cells by di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (dehp) were analyzed in vitro. carp head kidney leucocytes were cultured in a rpmi 1640 medium containing dbp or dehp at concentration of 1-1000 nm and the production of superoxide anion was measured via the in vitro reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt). macrophages incubated with 100 up to 1000 nm of dbp showed an increase in their production of superoxide anion in ...	2003	12657487
a double staining flow cytometric assay for the detection of steroid induced apoptotic leucocytes in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	steroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of the immune system through different ways. in this in vitro study, the effects of steroid hormones on the apoptosis of leucocytes were evaluated to understand the involvement of this process in the immunocompetence of common carp. prior to the investigation, a double staining flow cytometric assay using fluorescein diacetate (fda), which reacts with esterases of viable cells, and propidium iodide (pi), an acid dye that binds with nuclea ...	2003	12631518
contamination of fish in streams of the mid-atlantic region: an approach to regional indicator selection and wildlife assessment.	the extent of contamination of fish in the mid-atlantic region was evaluated as part of the u.s. environmental protection agency's monitoring and assessment program's regional assessment in 1993 through 1994. fish assemblages from wadeable streams were dominated by small, short-lived fishes (e.g., minnows, darters, and sculpins) that were more widely distributed and abundant than large fishes typically chosen for tissue contaminant studies (e.g., trout, black bass, sunfish, common carp). chemica ...	2003	12627641
the complement component c5 of the common carp (cyprinus carpio): cdna cloning of two distinct isotypes that differ in a functional site.	the complement component c5 plays important roles in inflammatory responses and complement-mediated cytolysis. in bony fish, although c5 has been identified at the dna or the protein level in trout, carp and gilthead seabream, only partial c5 sequences are available. the present study was designed to obtain the complete primary structure of c5 from the common carp ( cyprinus carpio) and to examine its possible structural diversity. reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction amplification from ...	2003	12618914
genotoxicity of a polluted river system measured using the alkaline comet assay on fish and earthworm tissues.	monitoring genotoxicity in the environment by using endemic organisms as sentinels requires sensitive assays. in this study the genotoxic properties of water and sediment collected from the noyyal river, which is polluted with industrial effluent and sewage, was determined in fish (cyprinus carpio) and earthworms (eisenia foetida) using the alkaline comet assay. upon electrophoresis, extensive dna damage, measured as the dna length:width ratio of the dna mass, was observed in erythrocytes, liver ...	2003	12605376
comparison of elisas for detecting vitellogenin in the fathead minnow (pimephales promelas).	measurement of vitellogenin (vtg) concentrations in the fathead minnow (pimephales promelas) is currently being considered and evaluated for screening of endocrine active substances. one of the proposed methods, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on vtg from carp (cyprinus carpio), was recently evaluated in an inter-laboratory ring test using whole body homogenates from juvenile fathead minnows. the objective of the current study was to compare the performance of three different ...	2003	12600685
carp (cyprinus carpio) vitellogenin: purification and development of a simultaneous chemiluminescent immunoassay.	vitellogenin (vg) was purified from the serum of vitellogenic female carp (cyprinus carpio) by hydroxylapatite column chromatography and gel filtration. vg had an apparent molecular mass of 490 kda and appeared as two bands corresponding to 190 and 156 kda after sds-page under reducing conditions. these bands were immunoreacted in western blotting using antiserum against carp lipovitellin (anti-lv) which is an egg yolk protein derived from vg. the amino acid composition of carp vg was similar to ...	2003	12600670
evaluation of the toxicological effects of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid in the common carp (cyprinus carpio).	in the present study we evaluated the toxicological effects of a scarcely documented environmental pollutant, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (pfos), on selected biochemical endpoints in the common carp, cyprinus carpio. juvenile organisms were exposed to pfos through a single intraperitoneal injection (liver concentrations ranging from 16 to 864 ng/g after 5 days of exposure) and after 1 and 5 days effects were assessed in liver and serum of the exposed organisms. the investigation of the hepatot ...	2003	12595174
unique bioconcentration characteristics of new aryl fluoroalkyl ethers in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	the bioconcentration factors (bcfs) of seven new aryl fluoroalkyl ethers--four bis-4-tetrafluoroethoxyphenyl-type (bis-type) compounds and three mono-4-tetrafluoroethoxyphenyl-type (mono-type) compounds--were obtained by bioconcentration tests using common carp. the bcfs of 4 of the 7 ethers were higher than 5000, indicating their high bioconcentration potential. the bioconcentration characteristics of the bis-type compounds were different from those of the mono-type compounds and non-fluoro dip ...	2003	12586148
determination of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and chlorinated pesticides in a fish tissue standard reference material.	the concentrations of a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (pcbs) and chlorinated pesticides in a fish tissue standard reference material (srm) have been determined using multiple methods of analysis. this material, srm 1946, lake superior fish tissue, was recently issued by the national institute of standards and technology (nist) and complements a suite of marine environmental natural-matrix srms that are currently available from nist for the determination of organic contaminants ...	2003	12560966
membrane chromatographic method for the rapid purification of vitellogenin from fish plasma.	a membrane chromatographic method was developed for the rapid purification of vitellogenin (vtg) from the plasma of 17beta-estradiol induced loach (misgurnus angaillicaud atus) and carp (cyprinus carpio). the time required for the proposed procedure is less then 10 min at a flow-rate of 5 ml/min of the mobile phase, and 0.5 ml of fish plasma could be separated in one cycle. multistep gradient elution was more suitable for the separation than linear gradient elution. under optimized conditions, a ...	2003	12554150
feeding mechanisms in carp: crossflow filtration, palatal protrusions and flow reversals.	it has been hypothesized that, when engulfing food mixed with inorganic particles during benthic feeding, cyprinid fish use protrusions of tissue from the palatal organ to retain the food particles while the inorganic particles are expelled from the opercular slits. in crossflow filtration, the particle suspension is pumped parallel to the filter surface as filtrate exits through the filter pores, causing the suspension to become more concentrated as it travels downstream along the filter. we us ...	2003	12547943
stimulation of antioxidant enzymes levels in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) infected by ptychobothrium sp. (cestoda).	increased antioxidant enzymatic activities were observed in carp parasitised by ptychobothrium sp. when compared with healthy fish. this antioxidant response could contribute to neutralise the oxidative stress normally induced by parasitism.	2003	14550672
multiple acute temperature stress affects leucocyte populations and antibody responses in common carp, cyprinus carpio l.	stress is a potential factor causing increased susceptibility of fish to pathogens. in this study, stress-induced immunological changes that may contribute to a decreased immune status were investigated. a 3 h drop in ambient water temperature of 9 degrees c was used as a relative mild and acute stress model for carp. effects of this stressor on the dynamics of leucocyte populations were determined with specific monoclonal antibodies. the relative number of circulating b-lymphocytes in the total ...	2003	14550666
the changes in common carp blood after short-term zinc exposure.	blood zinc level, hematological parameters and blood cell morphology were evaluated in common carp immediately after 3 h exposure to 20 mg dm(-3) of zinc (zn0), and in 24, 48 and 96 hours after the end of it (zn24, zn48, zn96). blood zinc level in the non-exposed fish was 8 mg dm(-3), reached a maximum of 20 mg dm(-3) in zn48, while it dropped to 9 mg dm(-3) in zn96. zinc caused a stress reaction in fish indicated by an increase in hematocrit value in zn0, and elevated plasma glucose level and t ...	2003	14535641
hatching of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) embryos stored at 4 and -2 degrees c in different concentrations of methanol and sucrose.	the hatching performance of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) embryos was examined after 12-72-h storage at 4 and -2 degrees c using different concentrations of sucrose (0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 m or 3.42, 8.55, 17.10 and 34.2%), methanol (meoh) (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 m or 1.6, 3.2, 4.8, 6.4, 8.0, 9.6 and 11.2%), or varying concentrations of methanol in 0.5 m (17.10%) sucrose. for sucrose, 0.5 m (17.10%) showed the maximum survival (41+/-1% (12 h) to 11+/-1.5% (72 h)) at 4 degrees c. ...	2003	14519463
asymmetric temporal properties in the receptive field of retinal transient amacrine cells.	the speed of signal conduction is a factor determining the temporal properties of individual neurons and neuronal networks. we observed very different conduction velocities within the receptive field of fast-type on-off transient amacrine cells in carp retina cells, which are tightly coupled to each other via gap junctions. the fastest speeds were found in the dorsal area of the receptive fields, on average five times faster than those detected within the ventral area. the asymmetry was similar ...	2003	14517270
genomic organization of the rdna cistron of the teleost fish cyprinus carpio.	the seasonal adaptation of the teleost cyprinus carpio to the cyclical changes of its habitat demands physiological compensatory responses. the process involves profound nucleolar adjustments and remarkable changes in rrna synthesis, which affects ribosomal biosynthesis. in this context, we have demonstrated that the synthesis of several proteins involved in ribosomal biogenesis as protein kinase ck2, ribosomal protein l41 and nucleolin, as well as u3 snornp, are differentially regulated in summ ...	2003	14513719
immunomodulatory activity of the dimerized lysozyme klp-602 after earlier suppression by atrazine in carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of modulation of the cellular immune response with the dimer of lysozyme klp-602 in fish after suppression induced by atrazine. in the in vivo studies fish were intoxicated with atrazine at a dose of 1/4 ld50, then after 48 hours the dimer of lysozyme klp-602 was administerd at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg of body weight. after 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after intoxication cells from the blood and pronephros of carp were isolated. in the study we de ...	2003	14509361
effects of gallium on common carp (cyprinus carpio): acute test, serum biochemistry, and erythrocyte morphology.	gallium (ga) is one of the intermetallic elements that are increasingly being used in making high-speed semiconductors such as gallium arsenide. the purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of gallium on acute toxicity, on serum biochemical variables as well as on erythrocyte morphological changes in the blood stream of common carp (cyprinus carpio). median lethal concentrations were determined in acute tests. the 96-h lc50 value was 19.78 (18.49-21.16) mgl(-1). common carp were ex ...	2003	14505709
expression of fmrfamide gene encoded peptides by identified neurons in embryos and juveniles of the pulmonate snail lymnaea stagnalis.	immunoreactivity to antibodies (abs) against fmrfamide, carp, and three fmrfamide gene encoded peptides, i.e., eflriamide, the non-fmrfamide peptide "seeply," and the 35-amino-acid "acidic peptide," were investigated in developing embryos and juveniles of lymnaea stagnalis. five early transient embryonic neurons revealed immunoreactivity to eflriamide. one of the early neurons, the central posterior, also expressed seeply and carp immunoreactivity. two neurons in the anlage of the left and right ...	2003	14505033
another activity for the cardiac biologist: carp fishing.		2003	14499851
isolation of a zn-binding protein mediating cell adhesion from common carp.	extraordinarily high concentrations of zn (300-500 microg/[g fresh tissue]) are often found in the digestive tract tissue of common carp cyprinus carpio, and most of the zn is bound to membrane protein located on plasma membranes that are attached to basal laminae. to isolate the zn-binding protein, the basolateral plasma membranes were separated from the extracellular matrix by treating the nuclei/cell debris fraction of the tissue with collagenase type iv and arg-gly-asp (rgd) peptide. the zn- ...	2003	13679033
complete sequencing and expression of three complement components, c1r, c4 and c1 inhibitor, of the classical activation pathway of the complement system in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss.	three complement components, c1r, c4 and c1 inhibitor, of the classical activation pathway have been fully sequenced and their expression investigated in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). trout c1r cdna encodes a 707-amino-acid (aa) protein with a theoretical m(r) of 77,200. the trout translation shows highest homology with carp c1r/s, and lower, equal homologies to mammalian c1r and c1s, and masps from other vertebrate species. however, phylogenetic analysis and structural features suggest t ...	2003	14628103
uncoupling of horizontal cells alters the receptive fields of retinal bipolar cells.	effects of uncoupling of horizontal cells by 1-octanol, a non-specific gap junction uncoupling agent, on the receptive field organization of cone-dominant bipolar cells were investigated in isolated, superfused carp retina, using intracellular recording techniques. at 1 mm, 1-octanol increased responses of cone driven horizontal cells to light spots, but decreased those to light annuli, indicating a reduction of the receptive field size of these cells by uncoupling. furthermore, 1-octanol elimin ...	2003	14625439
[geese, carp, honey cakes, stollen. history, medicine and magic around the christmas feast].		2003	14681776
variation of microcystins in a lake for water supply.	a site investigation was conducted to correlate the relationships between microcystins (mc) concentration and algal growth in dianchi lake in china. laboratory experiments were undertaken to test the effects of sediment adsorption, photoirradiation and biodegradation on microcystins removal. bioaccumulation of microcystins was also determined using silver carp fish. it was observed that mc concentrations varied in accordance with algae growth in dianchi lake. the results obtained in the laborato ...	2003	14672320
small indigenous fish species in bangladesh: contribution to vitamin a, calcium and iron intakes.	fish play an important role in the bangladeshi diet, constituting the main and often irreplaceable animal source food in poor rural households. fish consumption is dominated by wild small (length <25 cm) indigenous fish species (sis). the vitamin a content in sis varies, from <100 microg of retinol equivalents (re)/100 g raw edible parts, to >2,500 microg re/100 g raw edible parts in mola (amblypharyngodon mola). the study addressed the dietary contribution of fish to vitamin a, calcium and iron ...	2003	14672305
computational tools for modeling electrical activity in cardiac tissue.	computer models offer many attractive benefits. however, the modeling of cardiac tissue is computationally expensive due to several physical constraints which result in fine spatiotemporal discretization over large spatiotemporal regions. our laboratory has been actively trying to develop new techniques to make large scale cardiac simulations tractable over the past 15 years. this paper describes the latest modeling software that our group has developed, called carp (cardiac arrhythmias research ...	2003	14716595
identification and induction of hsp70 gene by heat shock and cadmium exposure in carp.	a member of the multi-gene family, encoding 70 kd stress proteins, was identified from the common carp (cyprimus carpio). homologies, observed at both nucleic acid and amino acid levels, and also the intronless structure of this gene, strongly suggest that it corresponds to a heat-inducible hsp70 gene in carp. gene-specific primers were selected and used in rt-pcr reactions to measure the basal hsp70 mrna levels and to follow the inducer-specific expression of this gene in different tissues duri ...	2003	14711036
functional asymmetry estimated by measurements of otolith in fish.	it is widely accepted that the incidence of space adaptation syndrome (sas) is due to a mismatch of sensory information from various receptors to the central nervous system. we investigated the functional asymmetry of vestibular organ, which may caused sensory conflict in space, by measuring the weight difference of otolith between left and right side in goldfish and carp. in the goldfish utricular otolith, the maximum difference was 0.8 mg and the mean difference was 0.091 mg. the percentage of ...	2003	15136751
isolation and characterisation of tilapia beta-actin promoter and comparison of its activity with carp beta-actin promoter.	the regulatory sequence including proximal promoter, untranslated exon 1 and intron 1 of the beta-actin gene from tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) has been isolated and spliced to a beta-galactosidase reporter gene to test its activity. comparisons of promoter activity have been carried out with three different constructs: (1) 1.6 kb tilapia beta-actin regulatory sequence, (2) 1.5 kb carp beta-actin regulatory sequence, and (3) 4.7 kb carp beta-actin regulatory sequence. although the 1.6 kb tilap ...	2003	12527420
starvation-induced pathobiology in the gut of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	in order to assess the effects of starvation on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-iel) count and histological changes of the carp gut mucosa, one group of fish (n = 10) were fed commercially prepared standard diets and another group of fish (n = 10) were starved for 4 weeks. carp starved for 4 weeks developed enteropathy, comprising folds atrophy, stratum compactum hyperplasia, significant periodic-acid-schiff (pas)-positive (p < 0.00001), but not alcian blue (alb)-positive, goblet cell ...	2003	11314585
effects of phase iii cardiac rehabilitation programs on health-related quality of life in elderly patients with coronary artery disease: juntendo cardiac rehabilitation program (j-carp).	the purpose of this prospective randomized controlled trial was to assess the impact of phase iii comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (cr) on health-related quality of life (hrqol) in elderly patients with coronary artery disease (cad). thirty-eight elderly males (mean age, 70 years) with cad were stratified as the intervention group (n=20) and the control group (n=18). in the intervention group, patients participated in cr for 6 months, whereas in the control group, they received standard care ...	2003	12520156
structure, activity, and distribution of fish osteocalcin.	osteocalcin (bone gla protein) is an extracellular matrix protein synthesized by osteoblasts that is a marker of bone. osteocalcin probably originated in the ancestors of teleostei or bony fish and of the tetrapoda or amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. we have characterized the cyprinus carpio (carp) osteocalcin for mineral binding to hydroxyapatite, amino acid sequence, and extent of secondary structure. hydroxyapatite binding is enhanced in the presence of calcium. the alpha-helical con ...	2003	12517753
water quality, biofilm production and growth of fringe-lipped carp (labeo fimbriatus) in tanks provided with two solid substrates.	the effects of two substrates, sugarcane bagasse (t(1)) and paddy straw (t(2)) on water quality and growth of labeo fimbriatus were studied in mud-bottomed, manured cement tanks, in triplicate; a set of three tanks without substrate served as control (t(3)). addition of manure and substrate brought about a decrease in dissolved oxygen level, but it stabilized after 15 days, when the tanks were stocked with 30 fish each, fed at 3% body weight daily and reared for 90 days. total ammonia content in ...	2003	12507865
changes of carp fof1-atpase in association with temperature acclimation.	previously we have shown, using two-dimensional electrophoresis, that mitochondrial atp synthase (f(o)f(1)-atpase) beta-subunit is the 55-kda protein increased in cold-acclimated carp cyprinus carpio (kikuchi k, itoi s, and watabe s. fisheries sci 65: 629-636, 1999). to clarify the coordinate expression in various subunits of carp f(o)f(1)-atpase with temperature acclimation, we examined the differences in mrna levels of mitochondrial proteins encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial genes in f ...	2003	12388464
polymorphism and estimation of the number of mhccyca class i and class ii genes in laboratory strains of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) have been identified in the mhc of the carp (mhccyca) using class i (cyca-z) and class ii (cyca-yb) specific probes. the k1-5 and k2-1 probes were obtained as pcr products after amplification of genomic dna from a european carp using primers deduced from genomic sequences, and were shown to be 90% and 80% similar to cyca-z exon 3 and cyca-yb exon 2 sequences, respectively. six carp strains of different geographical origins and genomic status were ...	2003	8099021
differences in mucus and serum immunoglobulin of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	electrophoretic analysis did not reveal clear differences between skin mucus and serum immunoglobulin (ig) of carp. the majority of both igs were tetrameric (+/- 760 kda) and composed of 25 kda light (l) chains and 70 kda heavy (h) chains, but dimeric and monomeric forms were found as well. monoclonal antibody (mab) wci 12 produced from serum ig appeared to react with the h chain of both molecules. after immunisation of mice with purified mucus ig, mabs could be selected that were reactive with ...	2003	8375566
antioxidant response modulated by copper in healthy or parasitized carp (cyprinus carpio l.) by ptychobothrium sp. (cestoda).	an increased antioxidant response (catalase, glutathione s-transferase (gst) and glutathione reductase (grd) activities in liver and gst activity in head kidney) was observed in carp parasitized by ptychobothrium sp. compared to healthy fish. in case of a copper contamination of these fish, the decrease in enzymatic activities observed was less pronounced in parasitized than in healthy carp.	2002	12383935
influence of the polyphenolic tannic acid on the toxicity of the insecticide deltametihrin to fish. a comparative study examining both biochemical and cytopathological parameters.	humics and pesticides are present in aquatic environment and the toxicological consequences of their chemical interaction is well studied. however, data concerning the mechanism of the biochemical action of humic-pesticide combinations are scarce, especially in vertebrates. thus we have chosen to study the in vivo effects of the plant polyphenolic tannic acid and the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin [decis] alone or in combination on hepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities and the a ...	2002	12371615
differential regulation of the two metallothionein genes in common carp.	the expression of two metallothionein (mt) genes was followed in carp (cyprimus carpio) in vivo during exposure to as and cu. changes in the levels of mt-1 and mt-2 mrna in the liver and kidney were detected by semi-quantitative rt-pcr. the inducibility of the two mt isoforms was tissue- and metal-specific. regardless of whether as or cu was applied, the liver was more responsive than the kidney. copper influenced the expression of both isoforms: the mt-1 and mt-2 mrna levels increased in both t ...	2002	12371614
evaluation of the tissue reactions in the skin and body wall of koi (cyprinus carpio) to five suture materials.	five different suture materials (silk, monofilament nylon, polyglyconate, polyglactin 910, and chromic gut) were placed in the skin and body wall of 10 doitsu (scaleless) koi (cyprinus carpio). after seven days the sutures were retrieved from five of the fish in 5 mm and 6 mm punch biopsies, and after 14 days they were retrieved in the same way from the other five. the tissue reactions were evaluated by gross visual inspection and by histological examination. the total inflammatory reaction was ...	2002	12356236
copper speciation in the gill microenvironment of carp (cyprinus carpio) at various levels of ph.	the fish gill microenvironment of cyprinus carpio under stress of copper exposure was investigated. ph and other parameters including free copper activity, alkalinity, and inorganic and organic carbons in the surrounding water (inspired water) and in the gill microenvironment (expired water) were measured or calculated at various levels of ph and varying total copper concentrations. the chemical equilibrium calculation (from mineqa2) and complexation modeling (mucus-copper) were coupled to calcu ...	2002	12297083
marker enzyme assessment in the liver of cyprinus carpio (l.) exposed to 2,4-d and azinphosmethyl.	the potential utility of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation as indicators of exposure to 2,4-d and azinphosmethyl together with the toxic effects of these compounds in freshwater fish cyprinus carpio were evaluated. biochemical parameters were recorded spectrophotometrically in fish liver, which were exposed to a single dose of 2,4-d and azinphosmehtyl (1/3 lc(50)), and their mixture at 1:1 ratio for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. the most sensitive parameter was glutathione s-transferase (gst) a ...	2002	12242687
zn(2+) modulates light responses of color-opponent bipolar and amacrine cells in the carp retina.	the effects of zn(2+) on color-opponent bipolar cells (bcs) and amacrine cells (acs) were studied in the isolated superfused carp retina using intracellular recording techniques. bath-applied zn(2+) (25 micro m) depolarized r(+)g(-)-type bcs and suppressed both depolarizing responses of these cells to red (680 nm) flashes and hyperpolarizing ones to green (500 nm) flashes. following zn(2+) application, g(+)r(-)-type bcs were hyperpolarized, which was accompanied by a potentiation of their depola ...	2002	12242098
the carp muscle-specific sub-isoenzymes of creatine kinase form distinct dimers at different temperatures.	we have previously cloned three muscle-specific sub-isoforms of creatine kinase (ck, ec 2.7.3.2) from the common carp ( cyprinus carpio ), designated m1-ck, m2-ck, and m3-ck. the enzyme has a key role in maintaining the energy homoeostasis of cells with fluctuating energy requirements. in the present paper, we report that all three m-cks in the red and white muscle of different temperature-acclimatized carp were ubiquitously distributed in the cytosol and along membranes. in addition, the expres ...	2002	12213085
cross-linking of zp2 and zp3 by transglutaminase is required for the formation of the outer layer of fertilization envelope of carp egg.	a transglutaminase (tgase) cdna was cloned from carp ovary. it was highly homologous to zebrafish tgase. immunoblot and enzymatical assay showed that tgase was present on the chorion and in the cytoplasm of carp eggs. addition of tgase inhibitor, cadaverine or ethylene diaminetetracetic acid (edta) to the cortical reaction medium impaired the formation of the outer layer of fertilization envelope (fe(o)), the adhesive structure of carp egg. fibroin-like substance (fls), cystatin, cathepsin-like ...	2002	12203834
seasonal variation of plasmatic and hepatic vitellogenin and erod activity in carp, cyprinus carpio, in relation to sewage treatment plants.	concern about the health of aquatic fauna living in waters containing biologically active levels of estrogenic compounds is particularly focused on the effects on their reproductive success. to that end, carp, cyprinus carpio, a feral fish living in warm waters of southern europe (ne spain), were selected for signs of estrogenicity. the study area covered two tributaries (the anoia and the cardener) of the llobregat river both known to be polluted by estrogenic compounds. the estrogenicity in th ...	2002	12200088
bioavailability and toxicity of dietborne copper and zinc to fish.	to date, most researchers have used dietborne metal concentrations rather than daily doses to define metal exposure and this has resulted in contradictory data within and between fish species. it has also resulted in the impression that high concentrations of dietborne cu and zn (e.g. > 900 mg kg(-1) dry diet) are relatively non-toxic to fish. we re-analyzed existing data using rations and dietborne metal concentrations and used daily dose, species and life stage to define the toxicity of dietbo ...	2002	12161165
the hatching of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) embryos in response to exposure to different concentrations of cryoprotectant at low temperatures.	the hatching performance of embryos of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) was examined after 1, 7, 14, 21, or 28 days of storage at -8, -6, -4, -2, 0, 2, or 4 degrees c with different concentrations of methanol (0.5-7.0 m in 0.5 m steps) or varying concentrations of methanol in 0.1 m sucrose or trehalose. preserved embryos failed to hatch after storage at -8 and -6 degrees c, regardless of the duration of storage or the concentrations tested. likewise, there was no hatching out above 5.0 m con ...	2002	12151266