Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
mitochondrial regulation of flower development.flower development in plants depends not only on a set of nuclear genes but also on the coordinate action of the mitochondrion. certain mitochondrial genomes in combination with certain nuclear genomes lead to the expression of cytoplasmic male-sterility (cms). both mitochondrial genes that determine male-sterility and nuclear restorer-of-fertility genes that suppress the male-sterile phenotype have been cloned. lately, the interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genes through retrograde ...200818054525
the genetic diversity of uk, us and australian cultivars of triticum aestivum measured by dart markers and considered by genome.the genetic diversity of uk, us and australian wheat varieties over the period of modern plant breeding is estimated using diversity array technology markers. diversity is assessed by both genetic distance between varieties, by amova and as the volumes of multi-dimensional convex hulls estimated from principal co-ordinate analysis. at the whole genome level the three populations are genetically distinct; this is also true of the b genome. however, the us and australian d genomes are found to occ ...200818060539
increased freezing tolerance through up-regulation of downstream genes via the wheat cbf gene in transgenic tobacco.the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cbf gene family is assumed to play important roles in development of low-temperature and freezing tolerance through activation of the downstream cor/lea genes. however, no direct evidence shows association of the wheat cbf genes with stress tolerance or any interaction between wheat cbf transcription factors and cor/lea gene activation. here, we introduced wcbf2, one of the wheat cbf genes, into the tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) genome. expression of wcbf2 signi ...200818061465
fine scale genetic and physical mapping using interstitial deletion mutants of lr34 /yr18: a disease resistance locus effective against multiple pathogens in wheat.the lr34/yr18 locus has contributed to durable, non-race specific resistance against leaf rust (puccinia triticina) and stripe rust (p. striiformis f. sp. tritici) in wheat (triticum aestivum). lr34/yr18 also cosegregates with resistance to powdery mildew (pm38) and a leaf tip necrosis phenotype (ltn1). using a high resolution mapping family from a cross between near-isogenic lines in the "thatcher" background we demonstrated that lr34/yr18 also cosegregated with stem rust resistance in the fiel ...200818074114
autoinfection in wheat leaf rust epidemics.autoinfection (within-host inoculum transmission) allows plant pathogens locally to increase their density on an infected host. estimating autoinfection is of particular importance in understanding epidemic development in host mixtures. more generally, autoinfection influences the rate of host colonization by the pathogen, as well as pathogen evolution. despite its importance in epidemiological models, autoinfection has not yet been directly quantified. it was measured here on wheat (triticum ae ...200818179605
fusarium graminearum gene deletion mutants map1 and tri5 reveal similarities and differences in the pathogenicity requirements to cause disease on arabidopsis and wheat floral tissue.the ascomycete pathogen fusarium graminearum can infect all cereal species and lower grain yield, quality and safety. the fungus can also cause disease on arabidopsis thaliana. in this study, the disease-causing ability of two f. graminearum mutants was analysed to further explore the parallels between the wheat (triticum aestivum) and arabidopsis floral pathosystems. wild-type f. graminearum (strain ph-1) and two isogenic transformants lacking either the mitogen-activated protein kinase map1 ge ...200818179606
evolutionary and functional study of the cdpk gene family in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) are crucial sensors of calcium concentration changes in plant cells under diverse endogenous and environmental stimuli. we identified 20 cdpk genes from bread wheat and performed a comprehensive study on their structural, functional and evolutionary characteristics. full-length cdna sequences of 14 cdpks were obtained using various approaches. wheat cdpks were found to be similar to their counterparts in rice in genomic structure, gc content, subcellular ...200818185910
differential y-chromosome anatolian influences on the greek and cretan neolithic.the earliest neolithic sites of europe are located in crete and mainland greece. a debate persists concerning whether these farmers originated in neighboring anatolia and the role of maritime colonization. to address these issues 171 samples were collected from areas near three known early neolithic settlements in greece together with 193 samples from crete. an analysis of y-chromosome haplogroups determined that the samples from the greek neolithic sites showed strong affinity to balkan data, w ...200818269686
drought tolerance through overexpression of monoubiquitin in transgenic tobacco.ubiquitin (ub) is present in all eukaryotic species examined. it is a multifunctional protein and one of its main known functions is to tag proteins for selective degradation by the 26s proteasome. in this study, ta-ub2, a cdna sequence containing a single ub repeat and a 3' non-coding region of a polyubiquitin gene, was isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). a pbi sense vector with ta-ub2 was constructed and transformed into tobacco ...200818280007
animal performance and economic comparison of novel and toxic endophyte tall fescues to cool-season annuals.increased costs of annual establishment of small grain pasture associated with fuel, machinery, and labor are eroding the profitability of stocker cattle enterprises. interest has therefore increased in development of cool-season perennial grasses that are persistent and high quality. this study occurred on 24 ha (divided into thirty 0.81-ha paddocks) located at the university of arkansas division of agriculture livestock and forestry branch station, near batesville. two tall fescue (festuca aru ...200818310498
transcriptome analysis of grain development in hexaploid wheat.hexaploid wheat is one of the most important cereal crops for human nutrition. molecular understanding of the biology of the developing grain will assist the improvement of yield and quality traits for different environments. high quality transcriptomics is a powerful method to increase this understanding.200818325108
development of abiotic stress tolerance via bzip-type transcription factor lip19 in common wheat.cereal lip19 genes encoding bzip-type transcription factors are assumed to play a regulatory role in gene expression during the cold acclimation process. however, no direct evidence shows an association of lip19-type bzips with stress tolerance or activation of stress-responsive cor/lea genes. to understand the molecular basis of development of abiotic stress tolerance through the lip19 transcription factor, a wheat lip19 homologue, wlip19, was isolated and characterized. wlip19 expression was a ...200818326864
biodegradation of direct red 5b, a textile dye by newly isolated comamonas sp. uvs.soil samples collected from the vicinity of "manpasand textile industry", located near ichalkaranji, india were studied for screening and isolation of bacterial strains capable of degradation of textile dyes. a potential strain was selected on the basis of rapid dye degradation and later identified as comamonas sp. uvs. comamonas sp. uvs showed 100% decolorization of direct red 5b (dr5b) dye at 40 degrees c and ph 6.5. the maximum direct red 5b concentration decolorized was 1,100 mg/l in nutrien ...200818329800
fertilizer-dependent efficiency of pseudomonads for improving growth, yield, and nutrient use efficiency of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).acquisition of nutrients by plants is primarily dependent on root growth and bioavailability of nutrients in the rooting medium. most of the beneficial bacteria enhance root growth, but their effectiveness could be influenced by the nutrient status around the roots. in this study, two 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc)-deaminase containing plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr), pseudomonas fluorescens and p. fluorescens biotype f were tested for their effect on growth, yield, and nutr ...200818340443
purification, cloning and functional differences of a third fructan 1-exohydrolase (1-fehw3) from wheat (triticum aestivum).a third fructan exohydrolase isoform (1-fehw3) was purified from wheat stems by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, cona affinity and ion-exchange chromatography. homogeneity of the preparation was indicated by the presence of a single band (70 kda) after sds-page. the enzyme hydrolyzed mainly beta2-1 linkages in fructans and was inhibited by sucrose. a cdna could be obtained after reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based strategies and screening of a cdna libr ...200818346083
the adult plant rust resistance loci lr34/yr18 and lr46/yr29 are important determinants of partial resistance to powdery mildew in bread wheat line saar.powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is a major disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that can be controlled by resistance breeding. the cimmyt bread wheat line saar is known for its good level of partial and race non-specific resistance, and the aim of this study was to map qtls for resistance to powdery mildew in a population of 113 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between saar and the susceptible line avocet. the population was tested over 2 years in field trials ...200818347772
molecular cloning and characterization of wheat calreticulin (crt) gene involved in drought-stressed responses.calreticulin (crt) is a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed ca(2+)-binding protein in multicellular eukaryotes. crt plays a crucial role in many cellular processes including ca(2+) storage and release, protein synthesis, and molecular chaperone activity. to elucidate the function of crts in plant responses against drought, a main abiotic stress limiting cereal crop production worldwide, a full-length cdna encoding calreticulin protein namely tacrt was isolated from wheat (triticum aestiv ...200818349049
characterizing the glycocalyx of poultry spermatozoa: ii. in vitro storage of turkey semen and mobility phenotype affects the carbohydrate component of sperm membrane glycoconjugates.the turkey sperm glycocalyx is known to contain residues of sialic acid, alpha-mannose/alpha-glucose, alpha- and beta-galactose, alpha-fucose, alpha- and beta-n-acetyl-galactosamine, monomers and dimers of n-acetyl-glucosamine, and n-acetyl-lactosamine. potential changes in these carbohydrates during in vitro semen storage at 4 degrees c were evaluated using males of both high- and low-sperm-mobility phenotypes. changes in carbohydrate residues were quantified by flow cytometry analysis using a ...200818359756
udp-xylose-stimulated glucuronyltransferase activity in wheat microsomal membranes: characterization and role in glucurono(arabino)xylan biosynthesis.microsomal membranes from etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings cooperatively incorporated xylose (xyl), arabinose, and glucuronic acid residues from their corresponding uridine 5'-diphosphosugars into an ethanol-insoluble glucurono(arabino)xylan (gax)-like product. a glucuronyltransferase activity that is enhanced by the presence of udp-xyl was also identified in these microsomes. wheat glucuronyltransferase activity was optimal at ph 7 and required manganese ions, and several lines of ...200818359844
mapping qtls with epistatic effects and qtl x environment interactions for plant height using a doubled haploid population in cultivated wheat.quantitative trait loci (qtls) for plant height in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were studied using a set of 168 doubled haploid (dh) lines, which were derived from the cross huapei 3/yumai 57. a genetic linkage map was constructed using 283 ssr and 22 est-ssr markers. the dh population and the parents were evaluated for wheat plant height in 2005 and 2006 in tai'an and 2006 in suzhou. qtl analyses were performed using the software of qtlnetwork version 2.0 based on the mixed linear model. four a ...200818407059
[high molecular weight protein detected in higher plant cells by antibodies against dynein is associated with vesicular organelles including golgi apparatus].the cytoplasmic dynein is a multisubunit complex driving organelles along microtubules to their minus-end. we used antibodies against two functional domains (motor and microtubule-binding) of one of principal components of the complex--dynein heavy chain of slime mould dictyostelium discoideum--to test root meristem cells of wheat triticum aestivum. the antibodies reacted with a high molecular weight protein (> 500 kda) in the total cell extract and the band recognized by the antibodies in plant ...200818409378
[mapping of the quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with grain quality characteristics of the common wheat grown under different environmental conditions].the quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with individual characteristics of grain and flour quality in wheat lines grown under contrasting environmental conditions were mapped. overall, 22 qtl that manifested under contrasting environmental conditions with various significances were detected on 10 chromosomes. grain hardness and vitreousness were associated with three loci on chromosomes 5d, 6a, and 3a, while the gluten content, with two loci on chromosomes 5b and 7a. dough extensibility was ...200818409391
retroelement insertional polymorphisms, diversity and phylogeography within diploid, d-genome aegilops tauschii (triticeae, poaceae) sub-taxa in iran.the diploid goat grass aegilops tauschii (2n = 2x = 14) is native to the middle east and is the d-genome donor to hexaploid bread wheat. the aim of this study was to measure the diversity of different subspecies and varieties of wild ae. tauschii collected across the major areas where it grows in iran and to examine patterns of diversity related to the taxa and geography.200818411258
expression of the novel wheat gene tm20 confers enhanced cadmium tolerance to bakers' yeast.cadmium causes the generation of reactive oxygen species, which in turn causes cell damage. we isolated a novel gene from a wheat root cdna library, which conferred cd(ii)-specific tolerance when expressed in yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). the gene, which we called tatm20, for triticum aestivum transmembrane 20, encodes a putative hydrophobic polypeptide of 889 amino acids, containing 20 transmembrane domains arranged as a 5-fold internal repeating unit of 4 transmembrane domains each. expres ...200818411273
determination of trace alkaline phosphatase by solid-substrate room-temperature phosphorimetry based on triticum vulgare lectin labeled with fullerenol.fullerenol (f) shows a strong and stable room-temperature phosphorescence (rtp) signal on the surface of nitrocellulose membrane (ncm) at lambda ex max/ lambda em max =542.0/709.4 nm. when modified by dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt (dbs), fullerenol emits a stronger signal. it was also found that quantitative specific affinity-adsorption reaction can be carried out between triticum vulgare lectin (wga) labeled with dbs-f and alkaline phosphatase (alp) on the surface of ncm, and the prod ...200818421752
positive role of a wheat hvabi5 ortholog in abiotic stress response of seedlings.aba-responsive element binding protein (areb) and aba-responsive element binding factor (abf), members of the basic region/leucine zipper (bzip)-type protein family, act as major transcription factors in aba-responsive gene expression under abiotic stress conditions in arabidopsis. barley hvabi5 and rice transcription factor responsible for aba regulation 1 (trab1) are homologues of areb/abf and are expressed in drought- and aba-treated seedlings. however, no direct evidence has shown an associa ...200818433415
cereal cyst nematode resistance conferred by the cre7 gene from aegilops triuncialis and its relationship with cre genes from australian wheat cultivars.cereal cyst nematode (ccn; heterodera avenae woll.) is a root pathogen of cereal crops that can cause severe yield losses in wheat (triticum aestivum). differential host-nematode interactions occur in wheat cultivars carrying different ccn resistance (cre) genes. the objective of this study was to determine the ccn resistance conferred by the cre7 gene from aegilops triuncialis in a 42-chromosome introgression line and to assess the effects of the cre1, cre3, cre4, and cre8 genes present in aust ...200818438434
the wheat mitogen-activated protein kinases tampk3 and tampk6 are differentially regulated at multiple levels during compatible disease interactions with mycosphaerella graminicola.many race- or isolate-specific disease resistance responses of plants toward pathogens (incompatible interactions) invoke hypersensitive response (hr)-like programmed cell death (pcd) and the coordinated activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases homologous with arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) atmpk6 and atmpk3 (or tobacco [nicotiana tabacum] sipk and wipk), respectively. resistance of wheat (triticum aestivum) leaves to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen mycosphaerella graminicola can als ...200818441220
effects of diet on population growth of psocids lepinotus reticulatus and liposcelis entomophila.we investigated the suitability of 11 diets as culture media for the psocids lepinotus reticulatus enderlein (psocoptera: trogiidae) and liposcelis entomophila (enderlein) (psocoptera: liposcelididae). the culture media comprised six diets made of plain cereals, namely, wheat (triticum aestivum l.), corn (zea mays l.), milo sorghum bicolor (l.), barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oats (avena sativa l.), and rice (oryza sativa l.), and five artificial diets. we found that, with the exception of corn, l ...200818459431
functional characterization of hfr1, a high-mannose n-glycan-specific wheat lectin induced by hessian fly larvae.we previously cloned and characterized a novel jacalin-like lectin gene from wheat (triticum aestivum) plants that responds to infestation by hessian fly (mayetiola destructor) larvae, a major dipteran pest of this crop. the infested resistant plants accumulated higher levels of hfr-1 (for hessian fly-responsive gene 1) transcripts compared with uninfested or susceptible plants. here, we characterize the soluble and active recombinant his(6)-hfr1 protein isolated from escherichia coli. functiona ...200818467454
genotoxicity of triasulfuron in the wing spot test of drosophila melanogaster is modulated by winter wheat seedlings.triasulfuron (ts) is a widely used sulfonylurea herbicide which inhibits the acetolactate synthase in broad-leaf weeds and in some wheat crop grasses (triticum aestivum l.). residues can be found in soil and superficial water with high toxicity to primary producers. in cereals, ts metabolism depends on cytochromes p450 (cyps), the age of seedlings and the interaction with compounds. the genotoxicity of ts was demonstrated in the wing spot test of drosophila melanogaster, an in vivo assay based o ...200818468945
technical note: effects of tethering on herbage selection, intake and digestibility, grazing behavior, and energy expenditure by boer x spanish goats grazing high-quality herbage.twenty-four yearling boer x spanish goats were used in a crossover experiment to determine the effects of tethering on herbage selection, intake and digestibility, grazing behavior, and energy expenditure (ee) with high-quality herbage. four 0.72-ha paddocks of wheat (triticum aestivum) and berseem clover (trifolium alexandrium) were grazed in the spring. each paddock hosted 6 animals, 3 with free movement and 3 attached to a 3-m tether that was moved daily and provided access to an area of 28.3 ...200818245508
peanut gene expression profiling in developing seeds at different reproduction stages during aspergillus parasiticus infection.peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is an important crop economically and nutritionally, and is one of the most susceptible host crops to colonization of aspergillus parasiticus and subsequent aflatoxin contamination. knowledge from molecular genetic studies could help to devise strategies in alleviating this problem; however, few peanut dna sequences are available in the public database. in order to understand the molecular basis of host resistance to aflatoxin contamination, a large-scale project was ...200818248674
future co2 concentrations, though not warmer temperatures, enhance wheat photosynthesis temperature responses.the temperature dependence of c3 photosynthesis is known to vary according to the growth environment. atmospheric co2 concentration and temperature are predicted to increase with climate change. to test whether long-term growth in elevated co2 and temperature modifies photosynthesis temperature response, wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was grown in ambient co2 (370 micromol mol(-1)) and elevated co2 (700 micromol mol(-1)) combined with ambient temperatures and 4 degrees c warmer ones, using tempera ...200818251874
biodegradation of disperse textile dye brown 3rel by newly isolated bacillus sp. vus.to isolate the potential micro-organism for the degradation of textile disperse dye brown 3 rel and to find out the reaction mechanism.200818266699
senescence-induced ectopic expression of the a. tumefaciens ipt gene in wheat delays leaf senescence, increases cytokinin content, nitrate influx, and nitrate reductase activity, but does not affect grain yield.the manipulation of cytokinin levels by senescence-regulated expression of the agrobacterium tumefaciens ipt gene through its control by the arabidopsis sag12 (senescence-associated gene 12) promoter is an efficient tool for the prolongation of leaf photosynthetic activity which potentially can affect plant productivity. in the present study, the efficiency of this approach was tested on wheat (triticum aestivum l.)-a monocarpic plant characterized by a fast switch from vegetative to reproductiv ...200818267946
clomiphene citrate modulates the expression of endometrial carbohydrates (especially n-acetyl-d-glucosamine and sialic acid) in pseudopregnant rats.this study investigated the presence of carbohydrates n-acetyl-d-glucosamine and sialic acid oligosaccharides, in the uterine epithelium of pseudopregnant rats treated with ovarian hormones and clomiphene citrate (cc) a commonly used fertility drug associated with low pregnancy rates. ovariectomized sexually mature rats were given 0.25mg cc prior to the implantation-priming hormone sequence of 5mg progesterone for 3 days and a single dose of 0.5microg estradiol-17beta (e(2)) on day 3 (pp(pe)) an ...200818514805
molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for yield and yield components in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.).an f1 derived doubled haploid (dh) population of 402 lines from the adapted spring wheat cross superb (high yielding)/bw278 (low yielding) was developed to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with yield and yield components. a subset of the population (186 lines) was evaluated in replicated field trials in 2001 and 2002 at six locations in manitoba and saskatchewan, canada. agronomic parameters, grain yield and yield components including 1,000 grain weight, harvest index, average s ...200818516583
toxic reactivity of wheat (triticum aestivum) plants to herbicide isoproturon.the herbicide isoproturon is widely used for controlling weed/grass in agricultural practice. however, the side effect of isoproturon as contaminants on crops is unknown. in this study, we investigated isoproturon-induced oxidative stress in wheat ( triticum aestivum). the plants were grown in soils with isoproturon at 0-20 mg/kg and showed negative biological responses. the growth of wheat seedlings with isoproturon was inhibited. chlorophyll content significantly decreased at the low concentra ...200818522406
quantitative trait loci for grain fructan concentration in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).fructans (fructo-oligosaccharides) are prebiotics that are thought to selectively promote the growth of colonic bifidobacteria, thereby improving human gut health. fructans are present in the grain of wheat, a staple food crop. in the research reported here, we aimed to detect and map loci affecting grain fructan concentration in wheat using a doubled-haploid population derived from a cross between a high-fructan breeding line, berkut, and a low-fructan cultivar, krichauff. fructan concentration ...200818536901
[cellular features of immune reaction of common wheat with lr19 gene to brown rust fungus infection].the effect of resistant gene lr19 on the development of brown rust fungus puccinia triticina in the immune line of thatcher variety was similar to that of nonhost species. the development of the fungus was inhibited in the plant tissue at the early stages. the fungus cells demonstrated structural disorganization of the nuclei and mitochondria before host cell invasion. the plant cell membranes and chloroplasts were changed; large chromatin aggregates appeared in their nuclei. hypersensitive reac ...200818540192
novel properties of the wheat aluminum tolerance organic acid transporter (taalmt1) revealed by electrophysiological characterization in xenopus oocytes: functional and structural implications.many plant species avoid the phytotoxic effects of aluminum (al) by exuding dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acids that chelate and immobilize al(3+) at the root surface, thus preventing it from entering root cells. several novel genes that encode membrane transporters from the almt and mate families recently were cloned and implicated in mediating the organic acid transport underlying this al tolerance response. given our limited understanding of the functional properties of almts, in this study ...200818550686
identification and mapping qtl for high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar 'stephens'.high-temperature adult-plant (htap) resistance from the winter wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivar 'stephens' has protected wheat crops from stripe rust caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici for 30 years. the objectives of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) for htap resistance in stephens through genetic linkage analysis and identify dna markers linked to the qtl for use in marker-assisted breeding. mapping populations consisted of 101 recombinant inbred lines (rils ...200818584147
phytochemical quantification and total antioxidant capacities of emmer (triticum dicoccon schrank) and einkorn (triticum monococcum l.) wheat landraces.in this study, samples of 18 ancient wheat (12 emmer, 6 einkorn) and 2 bread wheat varieties grown in different regions of turkey were examined for their total phenolics and flavonoids, phenolic acids, lutein, total yellow pigment, and total radical scavenging capacities against abts cation. results showed that health beneficial phytochemicals and total antioxidant capacities were generally significantly different in emmer and einkorn wheat groups. remarkably higher total antioxidant activity (1 ...200818593174
effect of temperature and commodity on insecticidal efficacy of spinosad dust against sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae) and rhyzopertha dominica (coleoptera: bostrychidae).the insecticidal effect of spinosad dust, a formulation that contains 0.125% spinosad, was evaluated against adults of sitophilus oryzae (l.) and rhyzopertha dominica (f.) at three temperature levels (20, 25, and 30 degrees c) and four commodities (wheat, triticum aestivum l.; barley, hordeum vulgare l.; rice, oryza sativa l.; and maize, zea mays l.). for this purpose, quantities of the above-mentioned grains were treated with spinosad at two dose rates (20 and 50 ppm of the formulation, corresp ...200818613602
immediate and delayed mortality of rhyzopertha dominica (coleoptera: bostrichidae) and sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae) adults exposed to spinosad-treated commodities.a series of tests was conducted to characterize differences in the mortality of the lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f.) (coleoptera: bostrichidae), and rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), exposed to three commodities treated with a liquid and dry spinosad formulation. in laboratory bioassays, adults of the two insect species were exposed to untreated wheat, triticum aestivum l., corn, zea mays l., and sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.) moench., and to commoditie ...200818613608
[new data on the distribution of hybrid necrosis genes in winter bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars].hybrid necrosis genotypes have been identified in 125 russian cultivars of winter bread wheat. more than half of them (56%) carry the ne2 gene (genotype ne1ne1ne2ne2); others are free of necrosis genes (genotype ne1ne1ne2ne2). the possible causes of the increase in the ne2 allele frequency and the loss of the ne1ne1ne2ne2 genotype in modem russian cultivars of winter wheat are discussed. the principal component method has been used to compare the structures of the genetic diversity of cultivars ...200818619039
simulating the influence of vernalization, photoperiod and optimum temperature on wheat developmental rates.accurately representing development is essential for applying crop simulations to investigate the effects of climate, genotypes or crop management. development in wheat (triticum aestivum, t. durum) is primarily driven by temperature, but affected by vernalization and photoperiod, and is often simulated by reducing thermal-time accumulation using vernalization or photoperiod factors or limiting accumulation when a lower optimum temperature (t(optl)) is exceeded. in this study t(optl) and methods ...200818628262
molecular mapping of leaf rust resistance gene lrzh84 in chinese wheat line zhou 8425b.leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina, is one of the most widespread diseases in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. with the objective of identifying and mapping new genes for resistance to leaf rust, f(1), f(2) plants and f(3) lines from a cross between resistant line zhou 8425b and susceptible line chinese spring were inoculated with chinese p. triticina races thtt and mbhp in the greenhouse. a total of 793 pairs of ssr primers were used to test the parents and resistant and susc ...200818651124
models for the field-based toxicity of copper and zinc salts to wheat in 11 australian soils and comparison to laboratory-based models.laboratory-based relationships that model the phytotoxicity of metals using soil properties have been developed. this paper presents the first field-based phytotoxicity relationships. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was grown at 11 australian field sites at which soil was spiked with copper (cu) and zinc (zn) salts. toxicity was measured as inhibition of plant growth at 8 weeks and grain yield at harvest. the added cu and zn ec10 values for both endpoints ranged from approximately 3 to 4760 mg/kg. ...200818653265
late foliar diseases in wheat crops decrease nitrogen yield through n uptake rather than through variations in n remobilization.french wheat grains may be of little value on world markets because they have low and highly variable grain protein concentrations (gpc). this nitrogen-yield to yield ratio depends on crop nitrogen (n) fertilization as well as on crop capacity to use n, which is known to vary with climate and disease severity. here an examination is made of the respective roles that n remobilization and post-anthesis n uptake play in n yield variations; in particular, when wheat crops (triticum aestivum) are aff ...200818660494
[effect of hydrogen peroxide on morphological characteristics and resistance of wheat calluses to the stinking smut fungus].we studied the effect of hydrogen peroxide on morphological characteristics and resistance of common wheat calluses (triticum aestivum l.) to tilletia caries till. the induction of the defense response and morphogenesis in calluses depended on h2o2 concentration. a correlation was revealed between the elevated concentration of hydrogen peroxide in wheat calluses and high activity of oxalate oxidase in the cell wall. administration of h2o2 into the callus culture medium was followed by rhizogenes ...200818663963
[influence of the surface features and physiological reactions of non-host species on the development of cellular structures of rust fungi].parasitic rust fungi puccinia triticina and p. coronata specialized to cereals are not able to form functionally completed cellular structures (germ tubes and appressoria) on the surface of plant species that do not belong to poaceae. fungus structures are induced by the surface features of grains leaves (millet, maize, oat, common wheat) to a different extent. nuclear division and activity of parasites are partially suppressed on the non-host leaves. fungi intrusions into sub-stomal cavities of ...200818683590
significant improvement of stress tolerance in tobacco plants by overexpressing a stress-responsive aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from maize (zea mays).aldehyde dehydrogenases (aldhs) play a central role in detoxification processes of aldehydes generated in plants when exposed to the stressed conditions. in order to identify genes required for the stresses responses in the grass crop zea mays, an aldh (zmaldh22a1) gene was isolated and characterized. zmaldh22a1 belongs to the family aldh22 that is currently known only in plants. the zmaldh22a1 encodes a protein of 593 amino acids that shares high identity with the orthologs from saccharum offic ...200818688729
[genetic analysis and location of loci controlling leaf rust resistance of introgressive triticum aestivum x triticum timopheevii].introgressive lines resulting from crossing common wheat triticum aestivum with the tetraploid t. timopheevii are characterized by effective resistance to leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina eriks. molecular analysis using 350 specific short sequence repeat (ssr) markers was used to locate the t. timopheevii genome to chromosomes 1a, 2a, 2b, 5a, 5b, and 6b. a population of f2 offspring of crossing hybrid line 842-2 with common wheat cultivar skala was obtained for mapping the loci controlling ...200819178084
phytoremediation of oil-sludge-contaminated soil.the aim of this research was to select plant species that could be effective in the phytoremediation ofa former oil-sludge pit. seven crop plants (triticum aestivum l., secale cereale l., avena sativa l., hordeum vulgare, sorghum bicolor l moench, panicum miliaceum l, and zea mays l.),five wild grasses (lolium perenne l., bromopsis inermis, agropyron cristatum l., agropyrum tenerum l., and festuca pratensis huds.), and three legumes (medicago sativa l., trifolium pratense l., and onobrychis anta ...200819260228
hydrogen peroxide scavenging regulates germination ability during wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seed maturation.hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) promotes seed germination of cereal plants and ascorbic acid which acts as antioxidant suppresses the germination of wheat seeds, but the role of h(2)o(2) scavenging on germination during seed maturation has not been demonstrated. we investigated relationship of germination, ascorbate, h(2)o(2) scavenging enzymes and sensitivity to ascorbic acid (asa) maturing seeds of two typical wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, cvs. shirogane-komugi and norin61. shirogane-ko ...200819513213
biotic and abiotic stress responses through calcium-dependent protein kinase (cdpk) signaling in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) sense the calcium concentration changes in plant cells and play important roles in signaling pathways for disease resistance and various stress responses as indicated by emerging evidences. among the 20 wheat cdpk genes studied, 10 were found to respond to drought, salinity and aba treatments. consistent with previous observations, one cdpk gene was shown to respond to multiple abiotic stresses in wheat suggesting that cdpks could be converging points fo ...200819704816
effect of fresh triticum aestivum grass juice on lipid profile of normal rats.to study the hypolipidemic activity of fresh grass juice of triticum aestivum in normal rats.200820040964
biotypic diversity in colorado russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) populations.the biotypic diversity of the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), was assessed in five isolates collected in colorado. three isolates, rwa 1, rwa 2, and an isolate from montezuma county, co, designated rwa 6, were originally collected from cultivated wheat, triticum aestivum l., and obtained from established colonies at colorado state university. the fourth isolate, designated rwa 7, was collected from canada wildrye, elymus canadensis l., in baca county, co. ...200818459426
reproduction and development of russian wheat aphid biotype 2 on crested wheatgrass, intermediate wheatgrass, and susceptible and resistant wheat.the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov), is an economically important pest of small grains. since its introduction into north america in 2003, russian wheat aphid biotype 2 has been found to be virulent to all commercially available winter wheat, triticum aestivum l., cultivars. our goal was to examine differences in russian wheat aphid reproduction and development on a variety of plant hosts to gain information about 1) potential alternate host refuges, 2) selective host pressures ...200818459422
antioxidative enzymes and the russian wheat aphid (diuraphis noxia) resistance response in wheat (triticum aestivum).a crucial function of antioxidative enzymes is to remove excess reactive oxygen species (ros), which can be toxic to plant cells. the effect of russian wheat aphid (rwa), diuraphis noxia (mordvilko), infestation on the activities of antioxidative enzymes was investigated in the resistant (cv. tugela dn) and the near-isogenic susceptible (cv. tugela) wheat (triticum aestivum l.). rwa infestation significantly induced the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxi ...200818426488
scenario modeling potential eco-efficiency gains from a transition to organic agriculture: life cycle perspectives on canadian canola, corn, soy, and wheat production.we used life cycle assessment to scenario model the potential reductions in cumulative energy demand (both fossil and renewable) and global warming, acidifying, and ozone-depleting emissions associated with a hypothetical national transition from conventional to organic production of four major field crops [canola (brassica rapa), corn (zea mays), soy (glycine max), and wheat (triticum aestivum)] in canada. models of these systems were constructed using a combination of census data, published va ...200818574623
expressing a gene encoding wheat oxalate oxidase enhances resistance to sclerotinia sclerotiorum in oilseed rape (brassica napus).sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes a highly destructive disease in oilseed rape (brassica napus). oxalic acid (oa) secreted by the pathogen is a key pathogenicity factor. oxalate oxidase (oxo) can oxidize oa into co2 and h2o2. in this study, we show that transgenic oilseed rape (sixth generation lines) constitutively expressing wheat (triticum aestivum) oxo displays considerably increased oxo activity and enhanced resistance to s. sclerotiorum (with up to 90.2 and 88.4% disease reductions compared ...200818446363
root uptake of lipophilic zinc-rhamnolipid complexes.this study investigated the formation and plant uptake of lipophilic metal-rhamnolipid complexes. monorhamnosyl and dirhamnosyl rhamnolipids formed lipophilic complexes with copper (cu), manganese (mn), and zinc (zn). rhamnolipids significantly increased zn absorption by brassica napus var. pinnacle roots in (65)zn-spiked ice-cold solutions, compared with znso4 alone. therefore, rhamnolipid appeared to facilitate zn absorption via a nonmetabolically mediated pathway. synchrotron xrf and xas show ...200818303840
cis-jasmone induces accumulation of defence compounds in wheat, triticum aestivum.liquid phase extraction (lpe) and vapor phase extraction (vpe) methodologies were used to evaluate the impact of the plant activator, cis-jasmone, on the secondary metabolism of wheat, triticum aestivum, var. solstice. lpe allowed the measurement of benzoxazinoids, i.e. 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (dimboa), 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (hmboa) and 6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2-one (mboa), and phenolic acids such as trans-p-coumaric acid, syringic acid, p-hydroxyben ...200817681563
influence of plant developmental stage on microbial community structure and activity in the rhizosphere of three field crops.seasonal shifts in rhizosphere microbial populations were investigated to follow the influence of plant developmental stage. a field study of indigenous microbial rhizosphere communities was undertaken on pea (pisum satvium var. quincy), wheat (triticum aestivum var. pena wawa) and sugar beet (beta vulgaris var. amythyst). rhizosphere community diversity and substrate utilization patterns were followed throughout a growing season, by culturing, rrna gene density gradient gel electrophoresis and ...200818616582
a bowman-birk type protease inhibitor is involved in the tolerance to salt stress in wheat.a salt-responsive gene wrsi5 was characterized from salt-tolerant cultivar shanrong no. 3 (sr3), an introgression line via asymmetric somatic hybrid between triticum aestivum l. cv. jinan177 (jn177) and thinopyrum ponticum podp. the peptide encoded by wrsi5 contains a bowman-birk domain sharing a high level of sequence identity to monocotyledonous protease inhibitors. when expressed in vitro, the wrsi5 gene product exhibited trypsin, but not chymotrypsin inhibition. the expression level of wrsi5 ...200818433440
identification and verification of microrna in wheat (triticum aestivum).micrornas (mirnas) are small, endogenous rnas that regulate gene expression in both plants and animals. a large number of mirnas has been identified from various animals and model plant species such as arabidopsis thaliana and rice (oryza sativa); however, characteristics of wheat (triticum aestivum) mirnas are poorly understood. here, computational identification of mirnas from wheat est sequences was preformed by using the in-house program genomicsvm, a prediction model for mirnas. this study ...200818357413
genome-wide analysis of the rice and arabidopsis non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsltp) gene families and identification of wheat nsltp genes by est data mining.plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) are encoded by multigene families and possess physiological functions that remain unclear. our objective was to characterize the complete nsltp gene family in rice and arabidopsis and to perform wheat est database mining for nsltp gene discovery.200818291034
reproduction and feeding behavior of myzus persicae on four cereals.green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), does not overwinter outdoors in minnesota; it arrives each spring on low-level jet streams from the south. after arrival, anholocylic reproduction occurs on numerous herbaceous species, including many common weeds, before movement to potato, solanum tuberosum l. in investigating aphid feeding behavior on barrier crops, we observed winter wheat, triticum aestivum l., colonized by green peach aphid. the northern great plains grows 94,000 ha of potatoes a ...200818330110
discrete developmental roles for temperate cereal grass vernalization1/fruitfull-like genes in flowering competency and the transition to flowering.members of the grass subfamily pooideae are characterized by their adaptation to cool temperate climates. vernalization is the process whereby flowering is accelerated in response to a prolonged period of cold. winter cereals are tolerant of low temperatures and flower earlier with vernalization, whereas spring cultivars are intolerant of low temperatures and flower later with vernalization. in the pooid grasses wheat (triticum monococcum, triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare), vernali ...200818024551
in situ comparative studies on subnucleolar distribution and configuration of plant rdna.the distribution and configurations of nucleolar dna in pisum sativum l., allium sativum l., triticum aestivum l. were analyzed by specific cytochemical staining using nama-ur. it has been observed that in the nucleoli of different plant species, the dna occupied different positions in different areas, which may imply a different status and strategy of rdna transcription. our results showed irregular clumps of rdna surrounding fcs in semi-circular formations in p. sativum and t. aestivum, indica ...200818262427
allelic analysis of stripe rust resistance genes on wheat chromosome 2bs.stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiormis westend f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. stripe rust resistance genes yr27, yr31, yrsp, yrv23, and yrcn19 on chromosome 2bs confer resistance to some or all chinese p. striiormis f. sp. tritici races cyr31, cyr32, sy11-4, and sy11-14 in the greenhouse. to screen microsatellite (ssr) markers linked with yrcn19, f1, f2, and f3 populations derived from cross ch377/cn19 were screened wit ...200818956025
identification of two genes for resistance to triticum isolates of magnaporthe oryzae in wheat.a screening of common wheat cultivars revealed that triticum aestivum 'thatcher' was resistant to triticum isolates of magnaporthe oryzae, whereas t. aestivum 'chinese spring' was susceptible. when f2 seedlings from a cross between 'thatcher' and 'chinese spring' were inoculated with the triticum isolates, resistant and susceptible seedlings segregated in a 15:1 ratio, suggesting that the resistance of 'thatcher' was conditioned by two major genes. an inoculation test of 'chinese spring' substit ...200818356957
water deficit as a driver of the mutualistic relationship between the fungus trichoderma harzianum and two wheat genotypes.the aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of mutualistic interactions between the fungus trichoderma harzianum and two wheat genotypes, triticum aestivum cv. talhuén and t. turgidum subsp. durum cv. alifén, and the extent to which water deficit affected these interactions. two wheat genotypes were cultivated in the presence or absence of t. harzianum and in the presence or absence of water deficit. t. harzianum was in turn cultivated in the presence or absence of wheat plants and in the ...200818192424
a synthetic wheat with 56 chromosomes derived from triticum turgidum and aegilops tauschii.by colchicine treatment of hybrids between triticum turgidum and aegilops tauschii (as seedlings), a fertile wheat plant (shw-l2) carrying 56 chromosomes was artificially synthesized. at metaphase i of 50 pollen mother cells, the 56 chromosomes of the new wheat shw-l2 showed a mean pairing configuration of 2.82 univalents, 6.18 rod bivalents, 19.39 ring bivalents, 0.5 trivalents, and 0.14 quadrivalents. cytological analyses suggested that shw-l2 had additional 7 pairs of chromosomes from the a a ...200818263968
characterization of quantitative trait loci controlling genetic variation for preharvest sprouting in synthetic backcross-derived wheat lines.aegilops tauschii, the wild relative of wheat, has stronger seed dormancy, a major component of preharvest sprouting resistance (phsr), than bread wheat. a diploid ae. tauschii accession (aus18836) and a tetraploid (triticum turgidum l. ssp. durum var. altar84) wheat were used to construct a synthetic wheat (syn37). the genetic architecture of phs was investigated in 271 bc(1)f(7) synthetic backcross lines (sbls) derived from syn37/2*janz (resistant/susceptible). the sbls were evaluated in three ...200818245824
plant resistance signalling hijacked by a necrotrophic fungal pathogen.the strategies used by necrotrophic fungal pathogens to infect plants are often perceived as lacking the sophistication of their haustorium producing, host defence suppressing, biotrophic counterparts. there is also a relative paucity of knowledge regarding how effective gene-for-gene based resistance reactions might function against necrotrophic plant pathogens. however, recent data has emerged from a number of systems which has highlighted that particular species of necrotrophic (and/or hemibi ...200819704431
plant growth depressions in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses: not just caused by carbon drain?* this study investigated effects of plant density and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) colonization on growth and phosphorus (p) nutrition of a cultivar of wheat (triticum aestivum) that often shows early am-induced growth depressions. * two experiments were conducted. expt 1 had three plant densities and one soil p concentration. expt 2 had two plant densities and two p concentrations. plants were grown in calcareous p-fixing soil, inoculated with glomus intraradices or gigaspora margarita, or noni ...200818346106
identification and characterization of shared duplications between rice and wheat provide new insight into grass genome evolution.the grass family comprises the most important cereal crops and is a good system for studying, with comparative genomics, mechanisms of evolution, speciation, and domestication. here, we identified and characterized the evolution of shared duplications in the rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) genomes by comparing 42,654 rice gene sequences with 6426 mapped wheat ests using improved sequence alignment criteria and statistical analysis. intraspecific comparisons identified 29 interc ...200818178768
tenest: automated chronological annotation and visualization of nested plant transposable elements.organisms with a high density of transposable elements (tes) exhibit nesting, with subsequent repeats found inside previously inserted elements. nesting splits the sequence structure of tes and makes annotation of repetitive areas challenging. we present tenest, a repeat identification and display tool made specifically for highly repetitive genomes. tenest identifies repetitive sequences and reconstructs separated sections to provide full-length repeats and, for long-terminal repeat (ltr) retro ...200818032588
identification of dreb homologous genes in bread wheat via codehop pcr primer design.in this study, we exploit the useful described codehop primer design and rt-pcr strategy for targeted isolation of homologues in large gene families. the method was tested with two different objectives. the first was to apply codehop strategy for design degenerate oligonucleotide primers in a broad range of plant species. the second was to isolate an orthologus of the transcription factor of dehydration-responsive element binding protein (dreb) and to determine the complexity of gene family in b ...200819266903
expression of the nuclear gene taf(a)d is under mitochondrial retrograde regulation in anthers of male sterile wheat plants with timopheevii cytoplasm.alterations of mitochondrial-encoded subunits of the f(o)f(1)-atp synthase are frequently associated with cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) in plants; however, little is known about the relationship of the nuclear encoded subunits of this enzyme with cms. in the present study, the full cdna of the gene taf(a)d that encodes the putative f(a)d subunit of the f(o)f(1)-atp synthase was isolated from the wheat (triticum aestivum) fertility restorer '2114' for timopheevii cytoplasm-based cms. the deduc ...200818390847
proteomic analysis on a high salt tolerance introgression strain of triticum aestivum/thinopyrum ponticum.soil salinity is a major abiotic constraint to agricultural productivity. we successfully bred a new common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) introgression variety (shanrong no. 3) with high salt-tolerance via asymmetric somatic hybridization between common wheat cultivar (jinan 177) and uv-irradiated agropyron elongatum (thinopyrum ponticum podp). we report here a comparative proteomic analysis to investigate variety-specific and salt-responsive proteins between seedling-roots of shanrong no. 3 and ...200818383010
dissection of rye chromosome 1r in common wheat.rye chromosome 1r contains many agronomically useful genes. physical dissection of chromosome 1r into segments would be useful in mapping 1r-specific dna markers and in assembling dna clones into contig maps. we applied the gametocidal system to produce rearranged 1r chromosomes of imperial rye (1r(i)) added to common wheat. we identified rearranged 1r(i) chromosomes and established 55 1r(i) dissection lines of common wheat carrying a single rearranged 1r(i) chromosome. fifty-two of the rearrang ...200818379133
dissection of rye b chromosomes, and nondisjunction properties of the dissected segments in a common wheat background.the rye b chromosome is a supernumerary chromosome that increases in number in its host by directed postmeiotic drive. two types of rye b chromosomes that had been introduced into common wheat were dissected into separate segments by the gametocidal system to produce a number of rearranged b chromosomes, such as telosomes, terminal deletions and translocations with wheat chromosomes. a total of 13 dissected b chromosomes were isolated in common wheat, and were investigated for their nondisjuncti ...200818379131
inducement of chromosome translocation with small alien segments by irradiating mature female gametes of the whole arm translocation line.haynaldia villosa schur. (syn. dasypyrum villosum candargy, 2n=14, vv) has been proved to be an important genetic resource for wheat improvement. the development of translocation with small alien chromosome segments, especially interstitial translocation, will be helpful for better utilization of its useful genes. up to now, most of the reported triticum aestivum-h. villosa translocation lines are involved in a whole arm or large alien fragments. in this paper, we report a highly efficient appro ...200818368312
high level of conservation between genes coding for the gamyb transcription factor in barley (hordeum vulgare l.) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) collections.the transcription factor gamyb is involved in gibberellin signalling in cereal aleurone cells and in plant developmental processes. nucleotide diversity of hvgamyb and tagamyb was investigated in 155 barley (hordeum vulgare) and 42 wheat (triticum aestivum) accessions, respectively. polymorphisms defined 18 haplotypes in the barley collection and 1, 7 and 3 haplotypes for the a, b, and d genomes of wheat, respectively. we found that (1) hv- and tagamyb genes have identical structures. (2) both g ...200818488187
[isolation and characterization of a low molecular weight glutenin gene from taenitherum nevski].more and more low-molecular-weight glutenin(lmw glutenin) genes were isolated and characterized from hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). however, few homologous genes were obtained from its relative species, which limited our understanding of the relationships among them. therefore, it is necessary to isolate lmw glutenin homologous genes from wheat wild relative species. using a pair of specific oligonucleotide pcr primers for taenitherum genomic dna, a lmw glutenin gene sequence, with nucl ...200818487155
[comparison of eddy covariance and static chamber/gas chromatogram methods in measuring ecosystem respiration].based on the measurement of carbon flux by the methods of eddy covariance and static chamber/gas chromatogram, a comparison was made between the two methods in evaluating ecosystem respiration over winter wheat (triticum aestivum)--summer maize (zea mays) double cropland and kobresia humilis alpine meadow. the results showed that under the conditions of obtained data having good quality, nighttime ecosystem respiration from eddy covariance measurement was significantly agreed with that from stat ...200818472446
prairie grasses as hosts of the northern corn rootworm (coleoptera: chrysomelidae).we evaluated 27 prairie grass species thought to be among those dominant 200 yr ago in the northern midwest as larval hosts of the northern corn rootworm, diabrotica barberi smith and lawrence. maize (zea mays l.), spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and grain sorghum (sorghum bicolor l.) were included as controls for a total of 30 species. twenty pots of each species were planted in a randomized complete block design. each pot was infested 5 wk later with 20 neonate northern corn rootworm larv ...200818348817
the q-type c2h2 zinc finger subfamily of transcription factors in triticum aestivum is predominantly expressed in roots and enriched with members containing an ear repressor motif and responsive to drought stress.q-type c2h2 zinc finger proteins (zfps) form a subfamily of transcription factors that contain a plant-specific qalggh amino acid motif. a total of 47 expressed q-type c2h2 zinc finger genes in bread wheat (triticum aestivum) (designated tazfp) were identified from the current databases. protein sequence analysis for the presence of erf-associated amphiphilic repressor (ear) motif sequences from known transcriptional repressors revealed that 26% of the tazfp subfamily members contain an ear moti ...200818347915
modeling the toxicity of copper and zinc salts to wheat in 14 soils.interest is mounting in developing and utilizing soil-specific soil quality guidelines. this requires quantifying the effects that soil physicochemical properties have on various ecotoxicological endpoints, including phytotoxicity. to this end, 14 agricultural soils from australia with differing soil properties were spiked with copper (cu) and zinc (zn) salts and used to conduct 21-d plant growth inhibition tests using wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in pot trials. the toxicity of cu and zn was sim ...200818333681
comparative mapping of hkt genes in wheat, barley, and rice, key determinants of na+ transport, and salt tolerance.salt tolerance of plants depends on hkt transporters (high-affinity k(+) transporter), which mediate na(+)-specific transport or na(+)-k(+) co-transport. gene sequences closely related to rice hkt genes were isolated from hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum) or barley (hordeum vulgare) for genomic dna southern hybridization analysis. hkt gene sequences were mapped on chromosomal arms of wheat and barley using wheat chromosome substitution lines and barley-wheat chromosome addition lines. in ...200818325922
genome-wide analysis for identification of salt-responsive genes in common wheat.to identify salt-responsive genes in wheat, global expression analysis of transcripts was carried out using oligo-dna microarrays. microarrays have been designed from approximately 32,000 unique wheat genes classified from a large number of expressed sequence tags (ests). two-week-old seedlings of wheat were treated with 150 mm nacl for 1, 6, and 24 h, and their roots and shoots were separately subjected to analyses. consequently, 5,996 genes showed changes in expression of more than twofold and ...200818320247
characterization of the nature of photosynthetic recovery of wheat seedlings from short-term dark heat exposures and analysis of the mode of acclimation to different light intensities.the nature of photosynthetic recovery was investigated in 10-d-old wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. moskovskaya-35) seedlings exposed to temperatures of 40 and 42 degrees c for 20 min and to temperature 42 degrees c for 40 min in the dark. the aftereffect of heat treatment was monitored by growing the heat-treated plants in low/moderate/high light at 20 degrees c for 72h. the net photosynthetic rates (p(n)) and the fluorescence ratios f(v)/f(m) were evaluated in intact primary leaves and the rat ...200818313168
assessing the genetic relatedness of higher ozone sensitivity of modern wheat to its wild and cultivated progenitors/relatives.modern wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most ozone (o(3))-sensitive crops. however, little is known about its genetic background of o(3) sensitivity, which is fundamental for breeding o(3)-resistant cultivars. wild and cultivated species of winter wheat including donors of the a, b and d genomes of t. aestivum were exposed to 100 ppb o(3) or charcoal-filtered air in open top chambers for 21 d. responses to o(3) were assessed by visible o(3) injury, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescenc ...200818310606
molecular characterization and genomic organization of low molecular weight glutenin subunit genes at the glu-3 loci in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.).in this study, we report on the molecular characterization and genomic organization of the low molecular weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) gene family in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). eighty-two positive bac clones were identified to contain lmw-gs genes from the hexaploid wheat 'glenlea' bac library via filter hybridization and pcr validation. twelve unique lmw glutenin genes and seven pseudogenes were isolated from these positive bac clones by primer-template mismatch pcr and subseque ...200818305921
use of expression analysis to dissect alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in wheat leaves during drought stress.water deficit in plants causes a reduction in photosynthesis and high demands for osmolyte synthesis. to elucidate regulation of carbohydrate metabolic genes in wheat (triticum aestivum) leaves during drought stress, we performed a systematic expression study using quantitative rt-pcr and cdna microarray. these analyses revealed that expression levels of most genes encoding chloroplast enzymes involved in carbon fixation (calvin cycle) were reduced in the leaves during prolonged drought stress. ...200818299801
Refresh
firstprev
...41424344454647484950...
nextlast
Displaying items 4001 - 4100 of 7762