Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| free radicals from oriented dna fibers after irradiation at 77 k: continuous-wave and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy from d2o-equilibrated specimens. | combined continuous-wave and field-sweep electron spin echo spectroscopy was employed to unravel the components of the spectra in oriented dna fibers equilibrated in 76% relative humidity of d2o vapor formed upon x irradiation at 77 k and stabilized at that temperature. using dnas with different counter-ions (na+, li+, cs+), different base composition (calf thymus, cl. perfringens), substituted thymine bases (deuterated thymine, 5-halouracil substitution) as well as the copolymer poly(a:u), nine ... | 1994 | 8183984 |
| enteritis necroticans with midgut necrosis caused by clostridium perfringens. | enteritis necroticans is a necrotizing process manifesting as segmental gangrene of the bowel, triggered by clostridium perfringens toxins under specific dietary conditions. it is a rare disease in developed countries and is probably underdiagnosed. a case of enteritis necroticans presenting with midgut necrosis with sepsis and hemolysis is reported herein. bacteriologic culture of blood and peritoneal content revealed c perfringens. dietary history, including the ingestion of meat together with ... | 1994 | 8185479 |
| spontaneous gas gangrene of the pancreas. | a patient had gas gangrene due to spontaneous clostridium perfringens infection of the pancreas. he had not undergone any invasive procedure. an initial laparotomy ruled out a suspected intestinal origin of his infection; lack of evidence of pancreatitis before his acute attack indicated that no superinfection was involved. we have found no other report of primary gas gangrene of the pancreas. | 1994 | 8189009 |
| clostridium bifermentans panophthalmitis after penetrating eye injury. | intraocular and orbital anaerobic infections usually result from penetrating eye injuries with soil-contaminated foreign bodies. the outcome of these infections almost always has been loss of the globe, despite appropriate antibiotic and surgical treatment. the most prevalent etiologic microbe of anaerobic panophthalmitis is clostridium perfringens. | 1994 | 8190468 |
| restriction generated oligonucleotides utilizing the two base recognition endonuclease cviji*. | the conversion of an anonymous dna sample into numerous oligonucleotides is enzymatically feasible using an unusual restriction endonuclease, cviji. depending on reaction conditions, cviji is capable of digesting dna at a two or three base recognition sequence. cviji normally cleaves rgcy sites between the g and c to leave blunt ends. under 'relaxed' conditions cviji* cleaves rgcy, and rgcr/ygcy, but not ygcr sites. in theory, cviji* restriction of puc19 (2686 bp) should produce 157 fragments, 7 ... | 1994 | 8190639 |
| a latex agglutination test for the qualitative detection of clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. | a latex agglutination test (lat), with a neutralisation control, has been developed for the detection of clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. the lat readily detects the toxin qualitatively in the intestinal contents of animals suspected of dying from enterotoxaemia. when the lat was compared with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the lat proved easy to perform and had a sensitivity and specificity only slightly less than the elisa. | 1994 | 8191019 |
| effect of co2 on susceptibilities of anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin. | the oxyrase agar dilution method (oxyrase, inc., mansfield, ohio), which provides an anaerobic environment without added co2, was compared with the reference agar dilution method recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (anaerobic chamber with 10% co2) to test the susceptibilities of 302 gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin. for erythromycin, the overall mic for 50% of isolates tested (mic50) was ... | 1994 | 8192445 |
| iron milk medium method for recovering clostridium perfringens from shellfish: collaborative study. | eleven laboratories participated in a collaborative study analyzing shellfish (oysters, crassostrea gigas) for the detection and enumeration of clostridium perfringens by the iron milk medium (imm) method. the imm method was compared to aoac official method 976.30. shellfish were artificially inoculated with c. perfringens cells (vegetative and spores) at low (1 x 10(3) colony forming units [cfu]/g), medium (1 x 10(4) cfu/g), and high (1 x 10(6) cfu/g) levels. negative controls (zero level) were ... | 1994 | 8199470 |
| pouchitis: result of microbial imbalance? | to elucidate the role of microbiological factors in pouchitis, this study investigated the composition of ileal reservoir microflora, the mucus degrading capacity of bacterial enzymes as well as the ph and the proteolytic activity of pouch effluent. stool samples were collected from five patients with pouchitis and nine patients without pouchitis. the flora of patients with pouchitis had an increased number of aerobes, a decreased ratio anaerobes to aerobes, less bifidobacteria and anaerobic lac ... | 1994 | 8200561 |
| phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens stimulates acetyltransferase-dependent formation of platelet-activating factor in cultured intestinal epithelial cells (int 407). | the mechanisms by which phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens stimulates the formation of platelet-activating factor (paf-acether) in cultured intestinal epithelial cells (int 407) were investigated. although stimulation with phospholipase c caused a significant formation of paf-acether, there was no significant increase in the cellular levels of lysopaf-acether after stimulation. moreover, when cells prelabeled with 3h-1-o-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerophosphocholine were stimulated with phosph ... | 1994 | 8209184 |
| a 16s rdna-based pcr method for rapid and specific detection of clostridium perfringens in food. | a 16s rdna-based polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was developed for the rapid and specific detection of clostridium perfringens in food. the pcr primers were designed by a genbank computer search and they are complementary only with the 16s rrna gene of c. perfringens by sequence alignment. the pcr product is a 279 bp dna fragment. all c. perfringens strains tested were positive in the pcr assay and all other species tested were negative, including 11 other species of clostridium and 38 sp ... | 1994 | 7935511 |
| [rheumatoid arthritis and the intestinal microbiocenosis]. | intestinal microflora was investigated by fecal bacteriological examination in 175 patients with verified rheumatoid arthritis (ra). intestinal dysbacteriosis of different stages was detected in 75% of the ra patients on nonsteroid antiinflammatory treatment. the frequency and severity of abnormal biocenosis in ra patients were significantly greater than in subjects with osteoarthritis deformans (p < 0.01) and bronchial asthma patients (p < 0.01). dysbacteriosis severity increased with growing r ... | 1994 | 7940329 |
| in vitro activity of meropenem compared with imipenem, metronidazole, ampicillin, and ampicillin/sulbactam against anaerobes. | the aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro activity of meropenem (ici 194660, cas 96036-03-2) with imipenem, metronidazole, clindamycin, ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam against a variety of anaerobic bacteria using an agar dilution method. 423 clinical isolates were tested belonging to 70 species of 15 anaerobic genera. they included bacteroides fragilis (n = 62), bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (n = 45), prevotella bivia (n = 11), fusobacterium nucleatum (n = 12), clostridium per ... | 1994 | 7945523 |
| cloning and expression of a soluble sialidase from chinese hamster ovary cells: sequence alignment similarities to bacterial sialidases. | a cdna encoding a soluble sialidase from chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells has been cloned and expressed. completely degenerate oligonucleotide primers, which were based on the amino acid sequence of peptides obtained from the purified sialidase (warner et al., glycobiology, 3, 455-463, 1993), and the polymerase chain reaction, with single-stranded cdna template, were employed to generate a unique oligonucleotide probe. the unique probe of 93 bp was used for screening a lambda gt 10 cho cell cdn ... | 1994 | 7949662 |
| induction of inflammatory mediator release (12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid) from human platelets by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the role of platelets in acute and chronic infection has been widely discussed in various disease processes. we studied the effects of two lipolytic enzymes (phospholipase c, lipase) secreted by pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from cystic fibrosis (cf) patients with regard to 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-hete) generation from human platelets. both phospholipase c (plc) and lipase were secreted into the culture supernatant at the end of the logarithmic growth phase. indeed, only cu ... | 1994 | 7950403 |
| gram-positive cell wall structure of the a3 gamma type in heliobacteria. | the amino acid composition and structure of the peptidoglycan from heliobacillus mobilis was determined by one- and two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography of completely and partially hydrolysed cell wall preparations. the structure was found to be of the a3 gamma type, with l,l-diaminopimelate in position 3, d-alanine in position 4 and a glycine interpeptide bridge, as found in certain groups of gram-positive bacteria including clostridium perfringens and nocardioides simplex. the presence of ... | 1994 | 7958780 |
| bacteriological analysis of uncooked pork sausages in relation to public health. | one hundred and eighteen samples of uncooked pork sausages were analysed bacteriologically. the total aerobic plate count ranged from 1.8 x 10(8) to 9.2 x 10(8) cfu/g in the samples. high mean counts of staphylococci, enterococci, micrococci, bacillus cereus, salmonella and coliforms were observed. staphylococcus aureus were encountered with count range 2.8 x 10(6) cfu/g to 7.4 x 10(6) cfu/g. the viable count of escherichia coli ranged from 2.0 x 10(5) to 4.3 x 10(5) cfu/g. clostridium perfringe ... | 1994 | 7959987 |
| expression from the clostridium perfringens cpe promoter in c. perfringens and bacillus subtilis. | clostridium perfringens is a source of food poisoning in humans and animals because of production of a potent enterotoxin (cpe). to study the regulation of the cpe gene in c. perfringens, we cloned and sequenced the cpe promoter regions and n-terminal domains from three strains. the cpe promoter region from one strain contained a 45-bp insertion compared with previously published sequences. this insertion was also found in two (of five) other cpe+ strains. cpe gene expression in c. perfringens w ... | 1994 | 7960138 |
| characterization of listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis in a strain expressing perfringolysin o in place of listeriolysin o. | listeriolysin o (llo) is a pore-forming cytolysin that enables listeria monocytogenes to escape from a host cell vacuole. the structural gene for the related cytolysin perfringolysin o (pfo) was cloned downstream from the promoter for hly, the gene encoding llo, both on a plasmid and on the l. monocytogenes chromosome. both strains secreted active pfo, although regulation was not identical to that of llo. the chromosomal pfo-expressing strain was characterized for intracellular growth and cell-t ... | 1994 | 7960143 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of the colh gene from clostridium histolyticum encoding a collagenase and a gelatinase. | the colh gene encoding a collagenase was cloned from clostridium histolyticum jcm 1403. nucleotide sequencing showed a major open reading frame encoding a 116-kda protein of 1,021 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative signal sequence and a zinc metalloprotease consensus sequence, hexxh. a 116-kda collagenase and a 98-kda gelatinase were copurified from culture supernatants of c. histolyticum. while the former degraded both native and denatured collagen, the lat ... | 1994 | 7961400 |
| growth-promoting effect of bacterial products from clostridium perfringens on human keratinocytes. | wound healing substance (whs) from cultured clostridium perfringens has been reported to be effective in the treatment of wounds. the effects of whs, now named snk-863, on proliferation and differentiation of human keratinocytes were examined. the characteristics of whs are as follows: 1) whs stimulates human keratinocyte growth and dna synthesis; 2) whs and egf show some additive effects on human keratinocyte growth; 3) whs does not interfere with the binding of egf to its receptor; 4) whs does ... | 1994 | 7962952 |
| outbreaks of food-poisoning associated with lecithinase-negative clostridium perfringens. | clostridium perfringens type a is a common cause of food-poisoning. production of lecithinase (alpha toxin) is frequently used to identify the organism. details of 10 outbreaks of food-poisoning caused by lecithinase-negative c. perfringens are reported here. | 1994 | 7966217 |
| metabolism of 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene by intestinal microflora. | pure cultures of anaerobic intestinal bacteria and mixed fecal microflora from human, rat, mouse, and pig were screened for the ability to metabolize 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene (7-no2ba). based on analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and by ultraviolet (uv), mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectral techniques, the compounds were identified as 7-aminobenz[a]anthracene (7-nh2ba) and benz[a]anthracene 7,12-dione (dione). identification of 7-nh2ba as a metabolite of 7-n ... | 1994 | 7966445 |
| a common source outbreak of gastroenteritis in a teaching hospital. | an outbreak of gastroenteritis at a large teaching hospital affected at least 52 workers. investigation implicated a tuna salad, and the circumstances suggested clostridium perfringens as the etiologic agent. the risk of such outbreaks may be reduced by cooling of ingredients prior to mixing and refrigeration in small steel containers. | 1994 | 7983347 |
| [acute myelocytic leukemia associated with clostridium perfringens (cp) septicemia: report of 3 cases]. | 1994 | 7983415 | |
| influence of nucleic acid base composition on radiation-induced strand breakage in single stranded dna: a time resolved study. | the following study investigates the pathways involved in the induction of single strand breaks (ssb) in various samples of single stranded (ss) dna (calf thymus, micrococcus lysodeikticus, clostridium perfringens) with differing nucleic acid base composition. the time scale for the induction of ssb was determined from changes in the light scattering intensity following pulse irradiation of aqueous solutions containing these ssdna samples at ph7.8 under either aerated or deaerated conditions. th ... | 1994 | 7983437 |
| [clostridium perfringens septicemia in drug-induced aplasia]. | septicemia due to clostridium perfringens during the course of acute leukemia is rare and often lethal particularly in childhood. antibiotherapy is necessary but polymorphonuclear activity recovery is helpful. this can be done through transfusion or administration of colony stimulating factors. here is a new case of such a septicemia in a 12 year-old female treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. of particular interest is the favourable outcome despite a high risk situation. | 1994 | 7984840 |
| high concentrations of conjugated bile acids inhibit bacterial growth of clostridium perfringens and induce its extracellular cholylglycine hydrolase. | to investigate the effects of conjugated bile acid on bacterial growth and cholylglycine hydrolase activity, clostridium perfringens from human feces was exposed to varying concentrations of taurine- or glycine-conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid. extracellular enzyme activity was determined by deconjugation of radiolabeled taurocholic acid and viable cells were counted after anaerobic culture at 37 degrees c for 24 h. viable cells were decreased with more than 1.0 mg of conjugated chenodeoxycholic ... | 1994 | 7985210 |
| the relationship between phospholipid content and ca2+-atpase activity in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. | the relationship between the phospholipid composition of sarcoplasmic reticulum and the activity of the ca2+, mg2+-stimulated atpase was analyzed by digestion of membrane phospholipids with phospholipase c and a2 enzymes of diverse specificity and by detergent extraction. phospholipase c of clostridium perfringens and clostridium welchii, that hydrolyze preferentially phosphatidylcholine (pc), inhibited the ca2+-atpase activity parallel with the depletion of phosphatidylcholine from the membrane ... | 1994 | 7986804 |
| regulatory effects of bifidobacteria on the growth of other colonic bacteria. | in the human large intestine bifidobacteria are a numerically important group of micro-organisms which are considered to exert a range of biological activities related to host health. one aspect is the inhibitory effect of these bacteria on other species, possibly excluding long term colonization by invasive pathogens. it has been suggested that the mechanism of inhibition carried out by bifidobacteria is related to the fermentative production of acids such as acetate and lactate. experiments re ... | 1994 | 7989269 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of alpha-toxin of clostridium perfringens. | alpha-toxin of clostridium perfringens, cloned in escherichia coli, has been purified and crystallized from ammonium sulphate using the hanging drop vapour diffusion method at 20 degrees c. the crystals diffract to a minimum bragg spacing of 2.7 a, belong to the space group r32 (with a = b = 153.3 a, c = 95.4 a, alpha = beta = 90 degrees and gamma = 120 degrees) and contain a single polypeptide chain in the crystallographic unit. | 1994 | 7990145 |
| differential reactivity of two types of n-glycolyneuraminic acid dimers toward enzymatic and nonenzymatic hydrolysis of their interketosidic linkages. | the kinetics of acid- and sialidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the interketosidic linkages of two different disialic acids, neu5gc alpha 2-->5-oglycolylneu5gc and neu5gc alpha 2-->8neu5gc, were studied. the former sequence was recently identified in the polysialic acid chains of a sialic acid-rich glycoprotein isolated from the egg jelly coat of two different species of sea urchins, and the latter was previously found in the cortical alveolar-derived polysialoglycoprotein from rainbow trout eggs. a ... | 1994 | 7999128 |
| coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis in turkeys. | a flock of turkey primary breeder candidates experienced increased mortality within 1 week of being placed in a growout house at 5 weeks 4 days of age. the flock was placed on wood shavings that had been used by an older flock for 2 weeks immediately before placement. necropsy revealed severe coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis primarily in the distal jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon. clostridium perfringens was cultured from intestines. when breeders were selected at 17 weeks of age, total morta ... | 1994 | 8002890 |
| adenine nucleotides regulate adp-ribosylation of membrane-bound actin and actin-binding to membranes. | adenine nucleotides were shown to increase the adp-ribosylation of actin by clostridium perfringens iota and clostridium botulinum c2 toxin in membranes from human platelets, hamster fat cells, rat liver- and rat brain cells. atp and atp gamma s were the most effective agents with atp showing half-maximal and maximal effects at about 2 and 10 microm, respectively. the rank order of various adenine nucleotides were atp = atp gamma s > adp > amp-pnp >> amp = camp. guanine nucleotides showed the sa ... | 1994 | 8005102 |
| [emphysematous cystitis]. | the presence of gas in the bladder wall and/or lumen (emphysematous cystitis) is an uncommon disease entity that may be caused by infectious organisms. diabetes and chronic urinary infection are predisposing factors. its clinical features are unspecific and the prognosis depends on the degree of aggressiveness at presentation. early diagnosis and treatment (bladder drainage + antibiotics) are very important in order to resolve the condition before severe sequelae are caused. we report on 75-year ... | 1994 | 8024340 |
| clostridium perfringens in stool, intrapartum antibiotics and gastrointestinal signs in a neonatal intensive care unit. | in 1989, we observed in our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), an increased number of infants with gastrointestinal signs, including five cases of necrotizing enterocolitis. clostridium perfringens was found in 26% of newborns (n = 168) and was associated significantly with the occurrence of flatulence, distended abdomen, foul-smelling stools, diarrhea and blood in stool (all p < 0.001). c. difficile was found in 17% of the newborns (n = 72). cesarean section, low gestational age and low birth ... | 1994 | 8025394 |
| modulation of the activity of clostridium perfringens neuraminidase by the molecular organization of gangliosides in monolayers. | the activity of clostridium perfringens neuraminidase against gangliosides gm3, gd1a and gm1 was studied in lipid monolayers at the air-buffer solution interface. the enzyme activity assay against pure ganglioside monolayers is based on the markedly different molecular packing areas of the substrate gangliosides and the resulting product glycosphingolipids. this allows to control and monitor the surface pressure and the ganglioside intermolecular organization (cross-sectional packing areas and d ... | 1994 | 8038186 |
| regioselective transglycosylation in the synthesis of oligosaccharides: comparison of beta-galactosidases and sialidases of various origins. | n-acetyl-lactosamine(beta-d-gal p-(1-->4)-d-glc pnac) was synthesized regioselectively with the aid of the transglycosylation activity of beta-galactosidase isolated from diplococcus pneumoniae using p-nitrophenyl beta-d-galactopyranoside as the donor. also, transglycosylation of the sialyl group in an alpha-(2-->8)-linked sialic acid dimer or p-nitrophenyl glycoside of sialic acid to n-acetyl-lactosamine was performed using sialidases of various origins. when sialidase from clostridium perfring ... | 1994 | 8039189 |
| identification and molecular analysis of a locus that regulates extracellular toxin production in clostridium perfringens. | the anaerobic bacterium clostridium perfringens mediates clostridial myonecrosis, or gas gangrene, by producing a number of extracellular toxins and enzymes. transposon mutagenesis with tn916 was used to isolate a pleiotropic mutant of c. perfringens that produced reduced levels of phospholipase c, protease and sialidase, and did not produce any detectable perfringolysin o activity. southern hybridization revealed that a single copy of tn916 had inserted into a 2.7 kb hindiii fragment in the c. ... | 1994 | 8052128 |
| arthritis in pigs induced by dietary factors. | 1994 | 8055214 | |
| a clostridium perfringens vector for the selection of promoters. | a promoter selection vector for clostridium perfringens genes was constructed from a c. perfringens-escherichia coli shuttle vector, pjir418. the plasmid carries a promoterless chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (catp), derived from pip401, downstream of the multiple cloning sites of puc18. when a promoter region of the phospholipase c gene was inserted into one of the cloning sites, derivatives of c. perfringens strain 13 carrying the resultant plasmid acquired resistance to chloramphenicol ... | 1994 | 8058826 |
| [bacterial quality of the water supply in madagascar]. | the results of 14371 drinking water analysis carried out in madagascar between 1986 and 1993 by the water analysis and food microbiology laboratory of the pasteur institute of madagascar are reported. after a history of the water analysis laboratory, methods and frequency of sampling, methods of analysis and standards applied are quoted and documented. results for each province are reported and particularly indicated: the development of water samples and their portability along the years, the re ... | 1994 | 7575043 |
| analysis of multiple antigenic determinants of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin as revealed by use of different synthetic peptides. | to identify the antigenic determinants of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe), overlapping peptides corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of cpe were synthesized and their antigenicity and immunogenicity were analyzed. of the 21 synthetic peptides (c-1 to c-21) tested, peptide c-7 (amino acid residues 91-110) showed the highest reactivity with rabbit antibodies against cpe. peptides c-4 (46-65), c-9 (121-140), and c-11 (151-170) were reactive with the antibodies, whereas peptides ... | 1994 | 7535106 |
| evaluation of a new cytotoxicity assay for clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin. | a new cytotoxicity assay for determining the activity of epsilon toxin produced by clostridium perfringens type d has been developed. viability of cultured cells was determined by the ability of only live cells to convert 5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-3-(4- sulfophenyl)tetrazolium to the coloured product formazan in the presence of phenazine methosulfate. of the 12 cell lines tested, only the mdck cell line was susceptible to epsilon toxin. specificity was confirmed by the ... | 1994 | 7512061 |
| reducing-end modification of n-linked oligosaccharides with tyrosine. | the n-linked oligosaccharides from bovine fetuin were purified using newly developed preparative purification methodology. n-linked oligosaccharides were released from tryptic glycopeptides utilizing n-glycosidase f on the 5-g scale. selective desialylation with neuraminidase from clostridium perfringens resulted in the formation of a mono-sialyl-oligosaccharide and asialo-oligosaccharides. the reducing ends of the oligosaccharides were converted to the glycosylamine and reacted with the n-hydro ... | 1994 | 7513972 |
| membrane potential of rat adipocytes: effect of phospholipase c, concanavalin a, and adenosine. | the change in transmembrane potential of rat adipocytes was measured using the fluorescent probe 3,3'-diethylthiadicarbocyanine iodide, dis-c2-(5). the method was calibrated by altering the potassium ion concentration while keeping the sum of potassium and sodium ions at a constant concentration of 153 mm (bailey et al: bioelectrochem. bioenergetics 21:333-42, 1989). two insulin-mimetic agents, phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens and concanavalin a, induced a dose dependent hyperpolariz ... | 1994 | 7515607 |
| purification and characterization of clostridium perfringens 120-kilodalton collagenase and nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene. | clostridium perfringens type c ncib 10662 produced various gelatinolytic enzymes with molecular masses ranging from approximately 120 to approximately 80 kda. a 120-kda gelatinolytic enzyme was present in the largest quantity in the culture supernatant, and this enzyme was purified to homogeneity on the basis of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the purified enzyme was identified as the major collagenase of the organism, and it cleaved typical collagenase substrates such ... | 1994 | 8282691 |
| [a case of fournier's gangrene with a fulminant course and fatal outcome]. | 1994 | 8531431 | |
| roles of the carboxy-terminal region of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin. | treatment of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin with aminopeptidase resulted in no effect on various activities of the toxin. aminopeptidase did not hydrolyze the native toxin or the toxin treated with urea in the presence of edta. treatment with carboxypeptidase for 30 min resulted in a 75% decrease in these activities. incubation of the native toxin with carboxypeptidase for 30 min released approximately 15 amino acids from the c-terminus of the toxin. the biological activities of a mutant to ... | 1994 | 8076805 |
| two-year study of endemic enteric pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in new caledonia. | a longitudinal study of diarrheal disease among patients of all ages with acute diarrhea was carried out in new caledonia from january 1990 to december 1991. stool samples from 2,088 diarrheal patients were examined for parasites, rotavirus, and bacterial pathogens. potential sources of contamination (drinking water, seawater and bovine and porcine feces) were investigated. one or more enteric pathogens were identified in 41.8 and 40.6% of the persons with diarrhea, in 1990 and 1991, respectivel ... | 1994 | 8077399 |
| the cell biology of listeria monocytogenes infection (escape from a vacuole). | 1994 | 8080169 | |
| multilocus enzyme typing of human and animal strains of clostridium perfringens. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was developed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 71 human strains and 17 animal strains of clostridium perfringens. crude protein extracts, obtained by sonication of washed bacteria, were analyzed by polyacrylamide-agarose gel electrophoresis to characterize electrophoretic mobility variants of seven enzymes (esterase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, nucleoside phosphorylase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase, threonine d ... | 1994 | 8082823 |
| genetic basis for antibiotic resistance in anaerobes. | this review focuses on genetic and molecular data regarding antibiotic resistance in anaerobes, particularly clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, bacteroides species, and prevotella species. the determinants of resistance are frequently transferable through a conjugation-like process; plasmid self-transfer, plasmid mobilization, or (in bacteroides species) chromosomal conjugative elements can be involved. the determinants can be localized on transposons. at the genetic level, resistan ... | 1994 | 8086579 |
| site-specific labelling of the oligosaccharide chains of antibodies. | this paper presents a new method for site-specific labelling of antibodies employing enzymatic reactions without oxidizing or reducing agents. igg was first treated with immobilized sialidase from clostridium perfringens to cleave bound neuac. cmp-9-deoxy-9-salizoyl-neuac, an activated sialic acid analogue, was labelled with 131i via the iodogen-method in high yields (> 95%). then the oligosaccharide chains of antibodies were labelled yield with the radioactive neuac analogue by transfer using a ... | 1994 | 8287979 |
| evaluation of antimicrobials combined with hyperbaric oxygen in a mouse model of clostridial myonecrosis. | the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (hbo) alone and in combination with several antimicrobial agents was evaluated in a lethal model of gas gangrene in mice. intraperitoneal administration of penicillin, imipenem, clindamycin, or metronidazole immediately followed inoculation of > 10(9) cfu of clostridium perfringens type a in mice. mice treated with hyperbaric oxygen were exposed twice a day to 100% oxygen at 303 kilopascals (kpa) pressure for 90 minutes. the total exposure time to hbo for surviv ... | 1994 | 8295252 |
| regulation of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin-activated phospholipase c in rabbit erythrocyte membranes. | the rapid phosphatidic acid (pa) formation induced by clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin was stimulated by alf4- in rabbit erythrocyte membranes. gtp[gamma s] [guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate)] stimulated the rapid 1,2-diacylglycerol formation and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate release induced by the toxin. on the other hand, treatment of erythrocyte lysates with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (pma) resulted in inhibition of toxin-induced pa production, and long-term pma or 1-(5-isoquinolines ... | 1994 | 8300231 |
| clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis associated with corned beef served at st. patrick's day meals--ohio and virginia, 1993. | clostridium perfringens is a common infectious cause of outbreaks of foodborne illness in the united states, especially outbreaks in which cooked beef is the implicated source. this report describes two outbreaks of c. perfringens gastroenteritis following st. patrick's day meals in ohio and virginia during 1993. | 1994 | 8309462 |
| isolation and characterization of two bacteriocins produced by enterococcus faecium strains inhibitory to listeria monocytogenes. | a total of 4000 bacterial strains were isolated from milk, cheese and from different samples taken on the farm (silage, faeces) and screened for their antimicrobial activity against listeria monocytogenes. only eight of the almost 4000 strains exhibited inhibitory activity in the cell-free supernatant fluid. two different enterococcus strains (rzs c5 and rzs c13) were chosen for further study. plasmid profile analysis of both revealed that rzs c5 contained a 4 kb plasmid while rzs c13 contained ... | 1994 | 7703015 |
| an unusual form of granular layer necrosis in the cerebellum. | 1993 | 8316510 | |
| biochemical and immunological properties of the c-terminal domain of the alpha-toxin of clostridium perfringens. | the c-terminal domain of the alpha-toxin (cpa247-370) of clostridium perfringens has been expressed in escherichia coli and purified. antiserum raised against cpa247-370 reacted in an identical manner to anti-alpha-toxin serum when used to map epitopes in the c-terminal domain, suggesting that cpa247-370 was immunologically and structurally identical to this region in the alpha-toxin. the isolated cpa247-370 was devoid of sphingomyelinase activity or haemolytic activity and was not cytotoxic for ... | 1993 | 8319893 |
| role of theta toxin, a sulfhydryl-activated cytolysin, in the pathogenesis of clostridial gas gangrene. | clostridial infections cause a wide variety of dramatic infections and intoxications. in each case the major virulence factors are extracellular toxins. clostridium perfringens produces potent exotoxins, which are its major virulence factors. theta toxin, a thiol-activated cytolysin, causes the clear zone of hemolysis around colonies on blood-agar plates, suppresses myocardial contractility ex vivo, and induces shock within 1 to 2 hours in vivo. low concentrations of theta toxin induce priming a ... | 1993 | 8324118 |
| susceptibility testing of anaerobes with etest. | 1993 | 8324149 | |
| patterns of susceptibility to fluoroquinolones among anaerobic bacterial isolates in the united states. | the activity of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria has generally been moderate to poor. nalidixic acid and cinoxacin show poor activity against almost all anaerobes. norfloxacin and enoxacin exhibit poor anaerobic activity (mic90, 8- > 256 micrograms/ml) except against clostridium perfringens, bacteroides ureolyticus, and some eubacteria. norfloxacin is slightly more active than enoxacin against some bacteroides species. while ciprofloxacin is more active than earlier flu ... | 1993 | 8324151 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in europe. | twenty-two laboratories in 15 european countries determined the mics of 12 antibiotics for 1,289 isolates of the b. fragilis group by a microdilution method. there was no resistance to metronidazole (breakpoint, 8 mg/l), and only one isolate was found to be resistant to chloramphenicol (breakpoint, 8 mg/l). resistance was uncommon to imipenem (0.3% at concentrations > 4 mg/l), amoxicillin/clavulanate (1% at concentrations > 8 mg/l), cefoxitin (3% at concentrations > 32 mg/l), mezlocillin (6% at ... | 1993 | 8324153 |
| how far should a clinical laboratory go in identifying anaerobic isolates, and who should pay? | identification of anaerobic bacteria in specimens from sites of infection due to mixed organisms can be time-consuming and expensive. laboratories should limit anaerobic workups by testing only those specimens that have been properly collected and transported to the laboratory. use of selective and differential media for initial processing can provide rapid and relevant information to the clinician. anaerobes isolated from normally sterile sites and sites of serious infection should always be co ... | 1993 | 8324163 |
| fatal clostridium perfringens and escherichia coli sepsis following urea-instillation abortion. | intraamniotic instillation of urea is a common mode of legal second-trimester pregnancy termination. associated mortality rarely occurs and is most commonly due to amniotic fluid embolism, pulmonary thromboembolism, infection, hemorrhage, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic). we present the case of an 18-year-old gravida 2, para 1 white woman at 18 weeks' gestation who underwent intraamniotic instillation of hyperosmolar urea and intracervical insertion of laminaria tents; 19 h later ... | 1993 | 8328437 |
| comparison of the azoreductase and nitroreductase from clostridium perfringens. | the purified azoreductase and nitroreductase of clostridium perfringens, which have similar electrophoretic properties, both reacted in a western blot (immunoblot) with a polyclonal antibody raised against the azoreductase. the activity of both enzymes was enhanced by flavin adenine dinucleotide and was inhibited by menadione, o-iodosobenzoic acid, and the antibody against azoreductase. reduction of the azo dye direct blue 15 by the azoreductase was inhibited by nitroaromatic compounds. the appa ... | 1993 | 8328797 |
| reduction of ferric iron by listeria monocytogenes and other species of listeria. | one mechanism by which listeria monocytogenes is thought to obtain iron required for growth is through the extracellular reduction of a ferric iron source to the ferrous form. to better characterize this reductase activity we have developed a simple plate assay that allows detection of colonies of listeria species able to reduce ferric iron. cells are plated on an agar base medium containing a ferric iron source and ethylenediamine dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. colonies are then overlain with soft ... | 1993 | 8330259 |
| gastroenteritis associated with clostridium perfringens type a in black-footed ferrets (mustela nigripes). | 1993 | 8333113 | |
| cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and expression of the clostridium perfringens enterotoxin gene in escherichia coli. | a complete copy of the gene (cpe) encoding clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe), an important virulence factor involved in c. perfringens food poisoning and other gastrointestinal illnesses, has been cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. the cpe gene was shown to encode a 319-amino-acid polypeptide with a deduced molecular weight of 35,317. there was no consensus sequence for a typical signal peptide present in the 5' region of cpe. cell lysates from recombinant cpe-positive ... | 1993 | 8335373 |
| bacterial phospholipases c. | a variety of pathogenic bacteria produce phospholipases c, and since the discovery in 1944 that a bacterial toxin (clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin) possessed an enzymatic activity, there has been considerable interest in this class of proteins. initial speculation that all phospholipases c would have lethal properties has not been substantiated. most of the characterized enzymes fall into one of four groups of structurally related proteins: the zinc-metallophospholipases c, the sphingomyelin ... | 1993 | 8336671 |
| clostridium perfringens infection of an anterior iliac crest bone graft donor site. a case report. | postoperative infection of elective surgical wounds with clostridium species has been linked to gastrointestinal tract lesions. a 55-year-old man with a history of peptic ulcer disease was treated by open reduction and internal fixation with autogeneic cancellous bone grafting from an anterior iliac crest donor site for nonunion of the clavicle. a mild serosanguinous drainage from the penrose drain site at the iliac crest had ceased on postoperative day 11; the patient complained of pain and a b ... | 1993 | 8339490 |
| enterotoxigenic bacteria in the sudden infant death syndrome. | faecal samples from 123 infants who died with sudden infant death syndrome (sids) and from a comparative group of 52 age-matched babies were analysed for toxigenic bacteria and their toxins. serum samples from the sids infants were also analysed for these toxins. a significantly higher proportion of toxigenic bacteria and their toxins were found in faecal samples of sids babies than in samples from the comparative group. these toxins were also found in serum from the sids babies. clostridium per ... | 1993 | 8345506 |
| clostridium perfringens-escherichia coli shuttle vectors that carry single antibiotic resistance determinants. | two versatile clostridium perfringens-escherichia coli shuttle vectors were constructed. each plasmid carried a single antibiotic resistance gene which was expressed in both organisms. the plasmid pjir750 encoded resistance to chloramphenicol and pjir751 encoded resistance to erythromycin. each plasmid contained the puc18-derived multiple cloning site and the lacz' gene which enabled direct screening for recombinants in e. coli. these plasmids should prove invaluable for the genetic manipulation ... | 1993 | 8356117 |
| inhibition of sialidases from viral, bacterial and mammalian sources by analogues of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-n-acetylneuraminic acid modified at the c-4 position. | the inhibition of sialidase activity from influenza viruses a and b, parainfluenza 2 virus, vibrio cholerae, arthrobacter ureafaciens, clostridium perfringens, and sheep liver by a range of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-n-acetylneuraminic acid analogues modified at the c-4 position has been studied. all substitutions tested resulted in a decrease in the degree of inhibition of the bacterial and mammalian sialidases. for sialidases from influenza viruses a and b, on the other hand, most of the substituti ... | 1993 | 8358225 |
| clostridia-associated enterocolitis in adult horses and foals. | a review of the literature describing clostridia-associated enterocolitis is presented. the bacteria, their toxins, and possible factors that interact to contribute to the pathogenesis of enterocolitis are described. clinical signs associated with clostridia-associated enterocolitis, methods of diagnosis, treatments, and preventive strategies are discussed. | 1993 | 8358653 |
| molecular genetic analysis of beta-toxin of clostridium perfringens reveals sequence homology with alpha-toxin, gamma-toxin, and leukocidin of staphylococcus aureus. | oligonucleotide probes designed on the basis of the n-terminal sequence of clostridium perfringens beta-toxin were used to isolate the encoding gene (cpb). the nucleotide sequence of cpb was determined, and on the basis of dna hybridization experiments it was shown that the gene is found only in type b and c strains of c. perfringens. the deduced amino acid sequence of the beta-toxin revealed homology with the alpha-toxin, gamma-toxin, and leukocidin of staphylococcus aureus. the beta-toxin puri ... | 1993 | 8359918 |
| comparison of the abundance of the fecal sterol coprostanol and fecal bacterial groups in inner-shelf waters and sediments near sydney, australia. | concurrent measurement of the sewage tracer coprostanol and fecal indicator bacteria were made for water and sediments collected in january 1992 from coastal waters off sydney, australia. the coprostanol results were compared with data from an earlier survey conducted in 1989 before the commisioning of sydney's deepwater ocean outfalls in 1990 and 1991. good correlations were observed for both water and sediment samples between coprostanol and the two fecal indicator organisms, fecal coliforms a ... | 1993 | 8360300 |
| [infectious endocarditis of gyneco-obstetric origin. apropos of 15 cases]. | with the object of analyzing current characteristics of post-partum and post-abortum infective endocarditis (ie), authors carried out a retrospective study of 15 cases between september 1985 and may 1992. mean age was 22.2 +/- 4.0 years. origin of sepsis was delivery (1 case), abortion (14 cases). there was no underlying cardiac lesion in 9 cases, rheumatic heart disease in 6 cases. infecting organisms were staphylococcus aureus (n = 6), streptococcus d (n = 3), clostridium perfringens (n = 2). ... | 1993 | 8360446 |
| in vitro susceptibility of clostridium perfringens isolated from farm animals to growth-enhancing antibiotics. | minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) determinations were carried out with seven growth-enhancing antibiotics against 95 clostridium perfringens field isolates obtained during 1991 and 1992 from poultry, pigs and calves. all were resistant to 64 micrograms ml-1 of the bambermycin antibiotic, flavomycin (flavophospholipol) and susceptible to avoparcin (mic90 0.25 micrograms ml-1), avilamycin (mic90 0.5 micrograms ml-1) and salinomycin (mic90 < or = 0.12 micrograms ml-1). acquired resistance agai ... | 1993 | 8365955 |
| [pneumatosis cystoides intestinii]. | pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (pci), a condition involving submucosal or subserosal gas-containing cysts of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, is a rare entity. it is mostly diagnosed between the third and fifth decades of life without a clear sexual predominance. different aetiopathogenetic factors are under discussion, the most probable being a bacteriologic cause (clostridium perfringens) in combination with minimal leaks in the mucosal barrier. there are no pathognomonic symptoms; ... | 1993 | 8366737 |
| clostridium perfringens and somatic coliphages as indicators of the efficiency of drinking water treatment for viruses and protozoan cysts. | to find the most suitable indicator of viral and parasitic contamination of drinking water, large-volume samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of pathogens (cultivable human enteric viruses, giardia lamblia cysts, and cryptosporidium oocysts) and potential indicators (somatic and male-specific coliphages, clostridium perfringens). the samples were obtained from three water treatment plants by using conventional or better treatments (ozonation, biological filtration). all samples o ... | 1993 | 8368831 |
| surgical and postoperative management of two neonates with necrotizing fasciitis. | two neonates who presented with necrotizing fasciitis (nf) secondary to omphalitis were treated by radical excision of the anterior abdominal wall. postoperatively, renal failure in both children was managed by continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (cavh). one child survived; the other died of sepsis. serum lactate levels, which were 10 to 15 times the normal levels in both infants postoperatively, decreased rapidly in the survivor, but never approached normal levels in the infant who died. al ... | 1993 | 8370014 |
| application of polymerase chain reaction for the correlation of salmonella serovars recovered from greyhound feces with their diet. | the polymerase chain reaction was employed to correlate salmonella serovars isolated from fecal material of greyhounds suffering from gastroenteritis with those isolated from the diet fed to the greyhounds prior to onset of diarrhea. kennels around the abilene, kansas, area were contacted and supplied with materials needed to collect a portion of the diet each day. with the onset of diarrhea, the kennels were instructed to ship the fecal material and diet from the previous 10 days to the laborat ... | 1993 | 8373851 |
| investigation of the pathogenesis of massive hemolysis in a case of clostridium perfringens septicemia. | massive hemolysis is a rare, usually fatal complication of clostridium perfringens septicemia. of all toxins produced by the bacterium, phospholipase c (plc) is believed to be the most likely cause of hemolysis. an influence of neuraminidase has often been suspected. in the present study, a case of c. perfringens septicemia with acute massive intravascular hemolysis is described. it led to death within 4 h of admission to the hospital. while the course of events was comparable to previously repo ... | 1993 | 8373904 |
| characterization of tn1546, a tn3-related transposon conferring glycopeptide resistance by synthesis of depsipeptide peptidoglycan precursors in enterococcus faecium bm4147. | sequence determination of the flanking regions of the vancomycin resistance van gene cluster carried by pip816 in enterococcus faecium bm4147 revealed similarity to transposons of the tn3 family. imperfect inverted repeats (36 of 38 bp) delineated a 10,851-bp element designated tn1546. the 4-kb region located upstream from the vanr gene contained two open reading frames (orf) transcribed in opposite directions. the deduced amino acid sequence of orf1 (988 residues) displayed, respectively, 56 an ... | 1993 | 8380148 |
| stimulation of rat liver microsomal cgmp-inhibited camp phosphodiesterase (pde iii) by phospholipase c and d. | the specific activity of cgmp-inhibited camp phosphodiesterase (pde iii) of rat liver microsomal membranes is increased in a concentration-dependent way by adding phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens or phospholipase d from streptomyces chromofuscus. the effect depends on an increase in vmax of the enzyme. treatment of microsomal membranes with phospholipase c causes a marked increase in the relative amounts of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol, and mild stimulation of pde iii ... | 1993 | 8381282 |
| is1151, an is-like element of clostridium perfringens. | 1993 | 8382797 | |
| evidence for coupling of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin-induced hemolysis to stimulated phosphatidic acid formation in rabbit erythrocytes. | when rabbit erythrocytes were exposed to low concentrations of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin, hot-cold hemolysis was observed. the toxin induced production of phosphatidic acid (pa) in a dose-dependent manner when incubated with erythrocytes at 37 degrees c. when erythrocyte membranes were incubated with the toxin and [gamma-32p]atp in the presence or absence of ethanol, [32p]pa formation was maximal within 30 s, then sharply decreased, and began again after 5 min of incubation. ethanol ha ... | 1993 | 8395469 |
| evaluation of therapy with hyperbaric oxygen for experimental infection with clostridium perfringens. | the effects of inoculum size and treatment delays on the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (hbo) were evaluated in a murine model of clostridium perfringens myositis in which the infection was treated with an hbo regimen identical to that used for humans. the efficacies of treatment with penicillin, metronidazole, or clindamycin--alone or in combination with hbo--were also assessed. survival was inversely related to the size of the bacterial inoculum used for challenge, and delays in treatment marke ... | 1993 | 8399871 |
| the abnormal faecal flora of clostridium perfringens in rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. | 1993 | 8402009 | |
| faecal clostridium perfringens and antibody responses to its antigens in arthritis patients on and off non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | 1993 | 8402010 | |
| back pain and fever in an elderly patient. | 1993 | 8404112 | |
| effect of hyperbaric oxygen and surgery on experimental multimicrobial gas gangrene. | an experimental multimicrobial gas gangrene rat model was developed and the therapeutic effect of surgery was compared to the combined effect of surgery and hyperbaric oxygen (hbo). the infection was caused by an intramuscular injection of a mixture of bacteria including clostridium perfringens, bacteroides fragilis, escherichia coli and streptococcus faecalis. the mortality, morbidity and wound healing were assessed during a follow-up of 2 weeks. the mortality of the control rats was 60%, with ... | 1993 | 8404985 |
| unusual case. | 1993 | 8407233 | |
| [identification of enterotoxin-producing clostridium perfringens by the polymerase chain reaction]. | polymerase chain reaction was applied to identify enterotoxin-producing clostridium perfringens by amplifying a segment of the c. perfringens enterotoxin gene. all of the four enterotoxin-positive reference strains tested were pcr positive while an enterotoxin-negative strain was pcr positive. all 17 clostridial strains (16 species) other than c. perfringens were pcr negative. with clinical strains isolated from various clinical specimens in japan, korea, and thailand, all three enterotoxin-posi ... | 1993 | 8409580 |
| detection by in vitro amplification of the alpha-toxin (phospholipase c) gene from clostridium perfringens. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with thermostable dna polymerase from thermus aquaticus is described for the specific amplification of the phospholipase c (alpha-toxin) gene of clostridium perfringens. a set of primers selected for their high specificity could detect cl. perfringens in stools with a detection limit of approximately 5 x 10(2) bacteria, after bi-amplification. a modified pcr without thermal steps was performed to rapidly amplify, with a yield of 60%, the dna template. with this ... | 1993 | 8420919 |
| purification, partial characterization and plasmid-linkage of pediocin sj-1, a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici. | pediococcus acidilactici sj-1, isolated from a naturally-fermented meat product, produced an antibacterial agent active against selected strains of lactobacillus spp., clostridium perfringens and listeria monocytogenes. the agent was bactericidal against sensitive indicators, and sensitive to proteolytic enzymes; it was identified as a bacteriocin, and was designated as pediocin sj-1. it was stable over a wide ph range (3-9), and apparently most stable in the lower part of that range. at ph 3.6, ... | 1993 | 8420920 |
| comparison of the alpha-toxin genes of clostridium perfringens type a and c strains: evidence for extragenic regulation of transcription. | the clostridium perfringens plc gene encoding phospholipase c (alpha-toxin) was cloned from type c ncib 10662, a strain which produces low levels of phospholipase c activity. the nucleotide sequence of a cloned 3.1-kb hindiii fragment was determined. the same fragment was also cloned from type a nctc 8237, a phospholipase c-overproducing strain. in this case, an open reading frame (orf2) truncated in the previously cloned 2-kb fragment was also sequenced. comparison of the nucleotide sequence be ... | 1993 | 8423073 |
| an immunoassay for the rapid and specific detection of three sialidase-producing clostridia causing gas gangrene. | a rapid and methodologically unusual diagnostic test was developed for the specific detection of clostridium perfringens, c. septicum and c. sordellii, which cause clostridial myonecrosis. sialidases (ec 3.2.1.18) secreted by these bacterial species were bound to polyclonal antibodies raised against the respective enzyme and immobilized onto microtiter plates. the activity of bound sialidase was determined with the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-d-n-acetylneuraminic acid. the a ... | 1993 | 8423355 |