Publications

development and evaluation of a shigella flexneri 2a and s. sonnei bivalent invasin complex (invaplex) vaccine.	over 160 million cases of shigellosis occur annually worldwide, with the two most prevalent species being shigella flexneri and s. sonnei. protective immunity against shigella infection is primarily directed at the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the homologous serotype, so it may be necessary to combine monovalent vaccines for multiple shigella serotypes to construct a multivalent vaccine against predominant serotypes. recently, we described a subcellular vaccine isolated from virulent s. flexneri, ...	2006	16364513
high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among shigella isolates in the united states tested by the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system from 1999 to 2002.	shigella spp. infect approximately 450,000 persons annually in the united states, resulting in over 6,000 hospitalizations. since 1999, the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system (narms) for enteric bacteria has tested every 10th shigella isolate from 16 state or local public health laboratories for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents. from 1999 to 2002, narms tested 1,604 isolates. among 1,598 isolates identified to species level, 1,278 (80%) were shigella sonnei, 295 (18%) w ...	2006	16377666
[control of the host inflammatory response during shigella flexneri infection].		2006	16386212
update on emerging infections: news from the centers for disease control and prevention. shigella flexneri serotype 3 infections among men who have sex with men--chicago, illinois 2003-2004.		2006	16387224
anti-inflammatory effect of lactobacillus casei on shigella-infected human intestinal epithelial cells.	shigella invades the human intestinal mucosa, thus causing bacillary dysentery, an acute recto-colitis responsible for lethal complications, mostly in infants and toddlers. conversely, commensal bacteria live in a mutualistic relationship with the intestinal mucosa that is characterized by homeostatic control of innate responses, thereby contributing to tolerance to the flora. cross-talk established between commensals and the intestinal epithelium mediate this active process, the mechanisms of w ...	2006	16394013
characterization of the interaction of single tryptophan containing mutants of ipac from shigella flexneri with phospholipid membranes.	shigella flexneri causes dysentery after invading the epithelial cells of the human colon. enterocyte invasion is induced by the bacterial effector ipac (invasion plasmid antigen c), which triggers shigella entry into epithelial cells by a rather poorly understood mechanism. ipac is also involved in pathogen escape into the host cell cytoplasm following uptake, and this property may be reflected in its ability to disrupt phospholipid vesicles in vitro. purified recombinant ipac interacts with li ...	2006	16401091
partial characterization of enterocin mr99 from a corn silage isolate of enterococcus faecalis.	to assess the inhibitory activity on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of several species of enterococci recovered from a natural corn silage.	2006	16405692
identification of a bacterial type iii effector family with g protein mimicry functions.	many bacterial pathogens use the type iii secretion system to inject "effector" proteins into host cells. here, we report the identification of a 24 member effector protein family found in pathogens including salmonella, shigella, and enteropathogenic e. coli. members of this family subvert host cell function by mimicking the signaling properties of ras-like gtpases. the effector ipgb2 stimulates cellular responses analogous to gtp-active rhoa, whereas ipgb1 and map function as the active forms ...	2006	16413487
a novel strategy for the identification of genomic islands by comparative analysis of the contents and contexts of trna sites in closely related bacteria.	we devised software tools to systematically investigate the contents and contexts of bacterial trna and tmrna genes, which are known insertion hotspots for genomic islands (gis). the strategy, based on mauve-facilitated multigenome comparisons, was used to examine 87 escherichia coli mg1655 trna and tmrna genes and their orthologues in e.coli edl933, e.coli cft073 and shigella flexneri sf301. our approach identified 49 gis occupying approximately 1.7 mb that mapped to 18 trna genes, missing 2 bu ...	2006	16414954
actin-dependent movement of bacterial pathogens.	listeria, rickettsia, burkholderia, shigella and mycobacterium species subvert cellular actin dynamics to facilitate their movement within the host cytosol and to infect neighbouring cells while evading host immune surveillance and promoting their intracellular survival. 'attaching and effacing' escherichia coli do not enter host cells but attach intimately to the cell surface, inducing motile actin-rich pedestals, the function of which is currently unclear. the molecular basis of actin-based mo ...	2006	16415925
sensitivities of foodborne pathogens to pressure changes.	eight foodborne pathogens were suspended in ultrahigh-temperature whole milk and treated at pressure levels of 0.1 to 690 mpa at 21.5 degrees c for 10 min. there was no clear trend in pressure resistance between gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. the order of the single strains tested, from most to least pressure sensitive, was vibrio parahaemolyticus < yersinia enterocolitica < listeria monocytogenes < salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium < s. enterica serovar enteritidis < escherich ...	2006	16416910
characterization of functional oligosaccharide mimics of the shigella flexneri serotype 2a o-antigen: implications for the development of a chemically defined glycoconjugate vaccine.	protection against reinfection with noncapsulated gram-negative bacteria, such as shigella, an enteroinvasive bacterium responsible for bacillary dysentery, is mainly achieved by abs specific for the o-ag, the polysaccharide part of the lps, the major bacterial surface ag. the use of chemically defined glycoconjugates encompassing oligosaccharides mimicking the protective determinants carried by the o-ag, thus expected to induce an efficient anti-lps ab response, has been considered an alternati ...	2006	16424198
apyrase, the product of the virulence plasmid-encoded phon2 (apy) gene of shigella flexneri, is necessary for proper unipolar icsa localization and for efficient intercellular spread.	the role in virulence of the shigella flexneri ospb-phon2 operon has been evaluated. here we confirm that ospb is an effector and show that apyrase, the product of phon2, may be a virulence factor, since it is required for efficient intercellular spreading. apyrase may be important in a deoxynucleoside triphosphate-hydrolyzing activity-independent manner, suggesting that it may act as an interaction partner in the process of icsa localization.	2006	16452446
[autophagic host defense mechanism].		2006	16457203
differential gene expression of pathogens inside infected hosts.	dna microarray is a useful technology for studying differential gene expression in the context of microbe-host interactions. this review concentrates on recent findings of the survival strategies of three intracellular pathogens: shigella flexneri, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2006	16459132
new temperate dna phage bcp15 acts as a drug resistance vector.	this study was designed to determine the role of a new temperate dna phage bcp15 in relation to drug resistance. the multidrug resistant shigella flexneri nk1925 was isolated from a patient of infectious diseases hospital, kolkata, india. this strain contained five plasmids ranging in size from 3 to 212 kb. after curing of five plasmids, this strain became sensitive to antibiotics. a plasmidless multidrug-resistant strain burkholderia cepacia dr11 was isolated during the survey of microorganisms ...	2006	16463125
plasmid-mediated bacteriocin production by shigella flexneri isolated from dysenteric diarrhoea and their transformation into escherichia coli.	to determine the production of bacteriocin by shigella flexneri strains, to relate their production to the presence of dysenteric diarrhoea and to asses the genetic determination of the bacteriocin.	2006	16478521
ptdins5p activates the host cell pi3-kinase/akt pathway during shigella flexneri infection.	the virulence factor ipgd, delivered into nonphagocytic cells by the type iii secretion system of the pathogen shigella flexneri, is a phosphoinositide 4-phosphatase generating phosphatidylinositol 5 monophosphate (ptdins5p). we show that ptdins5p is rapidly produced and concentrated at the entry foci of the bacteria, where it colocalises with phosphorylated akt during the first steps of infection. moreover, s. flexneri-induced phosphorylation of host cell akt and its targets specifically requir ...	2006	16482216
comparison of bactericidal activity of six lysozymes at atmospheric pressure and under high hydrostatic pressure.	the antibacterial working range of six lysozymes was tested under ambient and high pressure, on a panel of five gram-positive (enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, listeria innocua, staphylococcus aureus and micrococcus lysodeikticus) and five gram-negative bacteria (yersinia enterocolitica, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli o157:h7, pseudomonas aeruginosa and salmonella typhimurium). the lysozymes included two that are commercially available (hen egg white lysozyme or hewl, and mutanolys ...	2006	16487612
comparative analysis of tandem t7-like promoter containing regions in enterobacterial genomes reveals a novel group of genetic islands.	based on molecular information theory, 10 t7-like promoter models were built for the t7 group of phages and used to scan their host genomes and closely related genomes. 38 genomes were scanned and 12 clusters of tandem promoters were identified in nine enteropathogens. comparative analysis of these tandem promoter-bearing regions reveals that they are similar to each other, forming prophage-like islands of 4-13 kb. each island appears to contain two or three tandem t7-like promoters within a str ...	2006	16493139
crystal structure of hypothetical protein yfih from shigella flexneri at 2 a resolution.		2006	16498617
[is flexible sigmoidoscopy as preventive measure for colorectal carcinoma in asymptomatic patients over 45 practicable?].	the efficacy of flexible sigmoidoscopy as a screening method for colorectal cancer is still undetermined, and a reduction in mortality due to this cancer by mass screening has not been demonstrated so far. an important precondition for the practicability of screening sigmoidoscopy is its acceptability by the persons to be screened. acceptability was tested in 294 volunteers without abdominal symptoms from a general medical outpatients clinic. mean age of participants was 58 years (45-86), 65% we ...	2006	1594910
inhibition of interleukin-2-induced tumor necrosis factor release by dexamethasone: prevention of an acquired neutrophil chemotaxis defect and differential suppression of interleukin-2-associated side effects.	high concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (tnf) alpha have been detected in the plasma of patients undergoing immunotherapy with interleukin 2 (il-2), suggesting that this cytokine may play a role in the fever and shocklike state induced by the administration of high-dose il-2. dexamethasone has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of tnf by monocytes activated in vitro by endotoxin. to determine if dexamethasone can exert a similar suppressive effect on il-2-induced tnf synthesis in vivo, the ...	2006	2242421
ventriculopleural shunting used as a temporary diversion.	due to the limited absorptive capacity of the pleural cavity, infants and young children are not generally ideal candidates for ventriculopleural shunts. we report using chest cavities as alternate for temporary diversion of csf in a young child. venous access to the cervical region could not be utilized because of scarring from previous procedures, while peritoneal access was contraindicated due to repeated pseudocyst formation. pleural effusions were removed by thoracentesis when necessary, an ...	2006	1595400
possible involvement of the long terminal repeat of transposable element 17.6 in regulating expression of an insecticide resistance-associated p450 gene in drosophila.	p450-a and p450-b are electrophoretically defined subsets of cytochrome p450 enzymes in drosophila melanogaster. p450-a is present among all strains tested, whereas expression of p450-b is associated with resistance to insecticides. monoclonal antibodies were used to obtain cdna clones for an enzyme from each p450 subset (i.e., p450-a1 and p450-b1). the p450-b1 cdna was sequenced and shown to code for a p450 of 507 amino acids. its gene has been named cyp6a2. comparative molecular analyses of a ...	2006	1317576
rotator cuff disease: assessment with mr arthrography versus standard mr imaging in 36 patients with arthroscopic confirmation.	standard proton-density- and t2-weighted magnetic resonance (mr) imaging and mr arthrography were used to depict rotator cuff disease in 36 shoulders in 36 patients; the findings were compared with arthroscopic findings in every patient. in 19 rotator cuffs normal at arthroscopy, mr arthrography revealed no tear in 16 patients, a partial tear in one patient, and a full-thickness tear in two patients. standard proton-density- and t2-weighted images were normal in 15 of these patients and revealed ...	2006	1489363
mitochondrial dna and the evolutionary genetics of higher animals.	mitochondrial dna (mtdna) in higher animals is rapidly becoming a well characterized genetic system at the molecular level. in this paper, i shift the focus to consider questions in organismal evolution that can be addressed by mtdna assay. for the first time, it is possible to estimate empirically matriarchal phylogeny; to determine directionality in crosses producing hybrids; and to study the population genetic consequences of varying female demographies and life histories. the data obtainable ...	2006	2870525
this is mary.		2006	1828484
this is mary.		2006	1828484
epidemiology of occupational reproductive hazards: methodological aspects.	both male and female workers may be exposed to occupational agents which affect their reproductive processes. reproductive outcomes are important in their own right, for example teratogenic effects and impaired neurological development. in addition, reproductive impairment may indicate germ cell mutation, which has far-reaching implications. research into reproductive effects is beset with pitfalls. applying the results of toxicological research may be suggestive, but such extrapolation is very ...	2006	1626103
the ventriculofugal arteries.		2006	1595488
pulmonary adenocarcinoma with intestinal-type differentiation.	a 44-year-old woman with a long history of smoking presented with a single lung mass detected on routine chest radiographs. there were no other known primary tumors. light microscopy showed a mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of bronchioloalveolar type. furthermore, no gastrointestinal primary has been discovered 18 months after discovery of the lung tumor. electron microscopy revealed that tumor cells had microvilli containing abundant microfilamentous, dense-core rootlets that showed long extensi ...	2006	1557832
the lumbar disc: evaluating the causes of pain.		2006	1828114
the influence of autonomic failure on plasma anf concentration in uremic patients on chronic hemodialysis.	we compared plasma anf concentration in 5 diabetic-uremics with combined sympathetic-parasympathetic dysfunction with that in 9 uremic patients without autonomic impairment. symptomatic dialysis hypotension was a major clinical problem in all diabetic-uremics. in the volume-expanded state, anf was almost twice as high (p less than 0.025) in diabetic-uremics than in control uremics (152 +/- 29 vs 84 +/- 10 pg/ml) in the face of similar right atrial pressure (14 +/- 3 vs 12 +/- 1 cm h2o). after is ...	2006	1533821
radiotherapy of malignant melanoma of the uvea with i-125 seeds.	nineteen patients with malignant uveal melanomas were treated with i-125 applicators. there were 10 males and 9 females with a median age of 61 years (range 42-76). the tumour was located in the choroid in 12 eyes and in the choroid and ciliary body in 7 eyes. the size of the tumours was 7-18 mm in maximal basal diameter (median 12), 5-16 mm in minimal basal diameter (median 10), and 5.5-15 mm in thickness (median 8.5). the volume of the tumours was 123-1890 mm3 (median 540). all tumours were cl ...	2006	1488887
factors affecting the school placement of children with spina bifida.	integrating children with disabilities into mainstream schools has been an active policy in britain since the 1981 education act. 26 children with spina bifida, 13 of whom were educated in mainstream schools, and 13 in special schools were assessed to clarify the relative importance of the following factors 1) iq, 2) mobility, 3) hand function, 4) bladder and bowel function, and 5) behaviour. a marked difference was found between those attending mainstream and special schools. 11/13 of the forme ...	2006	1489742
chartline: providing bibliographic references relevant to patient charts using the umls metathesaurus knowledge sources.	a successful medical informatics program helps its users to match their information needs as closely and efficiently as possible to the capabilities of the system. chartline is a computer program whose input is a free text, "natural language" patient chart in ascii format. using the umls metathesaurus knowledge sources, chartline can suggest bibliographic references relevant to the patient case described in the chart. the program does not attempt to "understand" the natural language content of t ...	2006	1483014
early detection of colorectal cancer.		2006	1538998
16th annual symposium on computer applications in medical care. proceedings. baltimore, maryland, november 8-11, 1992.		2006	1482848
aids helpline. preventing exposure to disease.		2006	1584282
ingrown toenails: an evaluation of elevating the nail bed-periosteal flap.	many procedures to correct ingrown toenails are available; however, they cannot avoid recurrence and nail deformities. we have performed a procedure which corrects ingrown toenail without reducing the width of the nail plate by elevating the nail bed-periosteal flap. sixty patients were observed for longer than six months and exhibited excellent results. only two cases of incurvated nails (2) required re-operation.	2006	1401497
[rapid detection of neurologic morbidity in full term newborn infants].	the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the simplified method to detect neurological morbidity in newborn and to estimate the predictive parameter, i.e. sensitivity, specificity and predictive value. the sample consisted of 100 newborn infants from the maternity clinic of hospital regional docente trujillo-perú, during the period from march to may 1990. all infants were born full-term, of normal delivery and apgar score of greater than or equal to 7 at one minute, and no congeni ...	2006	1418650
predicting the distance for gavage tube placement in children.	nurses currently use several external measures referenced to the head and chest to predict the insertion distance for orogastric and nasogastric (ng) tubes. the ability of previously published regression equations on height to predict esophageal length for ng tube insertion was evaluated in a sample of 107 children.	2006	1574363
hrf20, a membrane inhibitor of complement attack, does not protect cells from the cytotoxic reaction by lymphokine activated killer cells.	hrf20, a 20 kda homologous restriction factor, is a membrane glycoprotein anchored via galactosyl phosphatidyl inositol. its function is to protect cells from attack by homologous complement. adsorption of purified hrf20 to raji cells which have little, if any, of this factor increased their resistance to cytolysis by homologous complement. however, the same cells treated with hrf20 remained sensitive to cytotoxic attack by il-2 activated lymphocytes (lymphokine activated killer cells; lak cells ...	2006	1698362
[conservative or surgical treatment for foreign body injuries of the brain].	presenting our patients with cerebral foreign body injuries since 1954 we find that surgical management is not absolutely indispensable. criteria for conservative management are presented with illustrative cases.	2006	1636325
monocyte disorders associated with t cell defects in patients with solid tumors.	t cells proliferate in response to autologous monocytes in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (amlr). amlr was found to be impaired in patients with advanced cancer (stages iii and iv), whereas normal values were found in the early stages of the disease (stages i and ii). peripheral t lymphocytes from patients with advanced stages also exhibited a decreased ability to produce interleukin-2 (il-2) during an amlr response, whereas production of il-2 by t cells in stages i and ii was comparab ...	2006	1533752
watching a generation die: canadian doctors and the battlefields of world war i.		2006	1483240
caution advised when changing to new therapies.		2006	1458280
identification and characterization of deoxyguanosine-crotonaldehyde adducts. formation of 7,8 cyclic adducts and 1,n2,7,8 bis-cyclic adducts.	crotonaldehyde, a chemically reactive alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound, is an important industrial chemical and a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. it has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. we have studied the reaction of crotonaldehyde with nucleosides and 5'-mononucleotides and found three different types of adducts with deoxyguanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate. no adducts could be isolated either with nucleosides other than deoxyguanosine or with nucleotides o ...	2006	1489932
determination by systematic deletion of the amino acids essential for catalysis by ricin a chain.	the a chain of ricin is a rna n-glycosidase that inactivates ribosomes by depurination of a single adenosine in 28s rrna. of the 267 amino acids in the protein, 222 (83%) could be deleted from one or another of 74 mutants without loss of the capacity of the protein to recognize a single nucleotide from among the 7000 in ribosomes or to catalyze hydrolysis.	2006	1594586
distribution of locustamyotropin-like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of locusta migratoria.	locustamyotropin-like immunoreactivity was visualized in the nervous system of locusta migratoria by means of the peroxidase antiperoxidase method. highly specific antibodies to the carboxy-terminus of the locustamyotropins were obtained by elution through an affinity column to which lom-mt ii was covalently bound. specific cells in the nervous system of locusta migratoria contain substances immunoreactive to anti-locustamyotropin. in total, about 100 cells immunoreactive to the lom-mt-ii antise ...	2006	1557513
cancer-cell traffic in the liver. i. growth kinetics of cancer cells after portal-vein delivery.	following the intrasplenic injection of b16f10 melanoma cells into mice, at first single cells, and later multicellular tumor foci were observed at different times in the liver. cell numbers and tumor volumes were determined over the next 12 days, by confocal microscopy of thick liver sections. fifteen minutes after injection, approximately 20% of the melanoma cells were identified in the liver microvasculature; after 48 hr, only 0.68% of these retained morphologic integrity; by 5 days only 0.13 ...	2006	1459739
gametophytic self-incompatibility: biochemical, molecular genetic, and evolutionary aspects.		2006	1446981
patch clamp experiments on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-ion channels in bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells.	nicotinic acetylcholine-receptor ion channels (achr channels) were studied in bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells cultured for 1 day to 3 weeks, using a patch clamp technique. microsuperfusion of ach (2-10 microm) to the ganglion cell under the whole cell clamp produced an inward current at membrane potentials negative to -60 mv, which had a fast onset and decay. this rapid ach-induced current was accompanied by a large current fluctuation, decreased and increased in amplitude by membrane depola ...	2006	2755769
[what is your diagnosis? compression neuropathy of the genitofemoral nerve].		2006	1594850
[what is the use of nursing research?].		2006	1774947
coronary tandem lesions: effect of exercise.	coronary vasomotion of two stenoses in series (i.e., tandem lesion) was studied in 10 patients with coronary artery disease. percent area stenosis was 69% +/- 23% for the first (s1) lesion and 70% +/- 37% for the second (s2). quantitative coronary arteriography was carried out at rest, during two levels of exercise (2 minutes, 75 w and 1.9 minutes, 100 w), and at 5 minutes after sublingual administration of 1.6 mg nitroglycerin. both stenoses showed exercise-induced vasoconstriction (s1: -29%, p ...	2006	1595527
bronchiectasis in a 31-year-old woman.		2006	1586002
relapsing thymic carcinoma during pregnancy.	a 23 year old woman, who was known to be in remission from thymic carcinoma, presented in her first trimester. she had previously been treated with radiation and chemotherapy. her pregnancy was complicated by fever and contractions at 30 weeks and ended with the birth of a live preterm male infant. subsequent investigation revealed a massive relapse of her mediastinal tumor. this case reinforces the devastating consequences that pregnancy has on thymic hyperplasia. of nine previously reported ca ...	2006	1326220
nifedipine reduces the incidence of myocardial infarction and transient ischemia in patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting.	a randomized study was performed on 104 patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting to examine whether the infusion of nifedipine (n = 53) reduces the incidence of perioperative myocardial ischemia and necrosis in the early postoperative period. continuous hemodynamic and three-channel holter monitoring was performed for 24 hours and serial assessment of serum enzymes and 12-lead electrocardiography were performed for 36 hours postoperatively. nifedipine (minimum dose, 10 microg ...	2006	1899365
nifedipine reduces the incidence of myocardial infarction and transient ischemia in patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting.	a randomized study was performed on 104 patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting to examine whether the infusion of nifedipine (n = 53) reduces the incidence of perioperative myocardial ischemia and necrosis in the early postoperative period. continuous hemodynamic and three-channel holter monitoring was performed for 24 hours and serial assessment of serum enzymes and 12-lead electrocardiography were performed for 36 hours postoperatively. nifedipine (minimum dose, 10 microg ...	2006	1899365
[acute febrile polyarthritis disclosing horton's disease].		2006	1828585
[acute febrile polyarthritis disclosing horton's disease].		2006	1828585
abstracts from the 1990 annual isir meeting on the interferon system. san francisco, california, 14-18 november 1990.		2006	1698890
continuous spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric and isobaric bupivacaine.		2006	1796979
continuous spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric and isobaric bupivacaine.		2006	1796979
the e2f transcription factor is a cellular target for the rb protein.	although it is generally believed that the product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (rb1) is an important regulator of cell proliferation, the biochemical mechanism for its action is unclear. we now show that the rb protein is found in a complex with the e2f transcription factor and that only the under phosphorylated form of rb is in the e2f complex. moreover, the adenovirus e1a protein can dissociate the e2f-rb complex, dependent on e1a sequence also critical for e1a to bind to rb. the ...	2006	1828392
the e2f transcription factor is a cellular target for the rb protein.	although it is generally believed that the product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (rb1) is an important regulator of cell proliferation, the biochemical mechanism for its action is unclear. we now show that the rb protein is found in a complex with the e2f transcription factor and that only the under phosphorylated form of rb is in the e2f complex. moreover, the adenovirus e1a protein can dissociate the e2f-rb complex, dependent on e1a sequence also critical for e1a to bind to rb. the ...	2006	1828392
acute and chronic effects of parathion and 2,4 d on the oxygen consumption of chasmagnathus granulata (decapoda, brachyura).	the effect of two pesticides widely used in argentina on the oxygen consumption of the estuarine crab chasmagnathus granulata was studied. constant pressure respirometers were employed to estimate the rate of oxygen consumption per weight unit of animals treated previously with each pesticide, both acute (96 h) and chronically (15 and 30 days). crabs exposed to parathion -an organophosphorate insecticide that causes the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase- show an increase of oxygen consumption a ...	2006	1797200
acute and chronic effects of parathion and 2,4 d on the oxygen consumption of chasmagnathus granulata (decapoda, brachyura).	the effect of two pesticides widely used in argentina on the oxygen consumption of the estuarine crab chasmagnathus granulata was studied. constant pressure respirometers were employed to estimate the rate of oxygen consumption per weight unit of animals treated previously with each pesticide, both acute (96 h) and chronically (15 and 30 days). crabs exposed to parathion -an organophosphorate insecticide that causes the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase- show an increase of oxygen consumption a ...	2006	1797200
[correlation between dysplasia and malignization risk of crohn disease].	the malignancy risk in crohn's disease is less than that of ulcerative colitis, although it has not been so well studied. the possibility of an early detection of malignant changes during the long term follow-up of the patients induces to look for parameters which might be helpful in this respect. in the second surgical clinic of the hospital clinico in madrid, the pathological findings of 11 patients with the diagnosis of crohn's disease have been analyzed and correlated with the clinical findi ...	2006	1599762
common infections in the elderly.	symptoms of infection in the elderly may be absent, vague or atypical. infection should be suspected when an elderly patient presents with a decline in well-being or with non-specific symptoms such as falls, dizziness, confusion, anorexia or weakness. common infections include bacterial pneumonia, urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infections, gram-negative bacteremia and infection of decubitus ulcers. antibiotic therapy is not recommended for asymptomatic bacteriuria or locally infected d ...	2006	1595517
[fulminant hepatitis].		2006	1578682
is a rise in [ca]1 responsible for rapid changes in neuronal excitability, ca currents, extracellular ions and ph0 induced by brief anoxia?		2006	2816423
is a rise in [ca]1 responsible for rapid changes in neuronal excitability, ca currents, extracellular ions and ph0 induced by brief anoxia?		2006	2816423
reoperation for moyamoya disease refractory to encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis.	three cases of moyamoya disease successfully treated by reoperation are reported with special reference to the operative techniques in the second operation. these children first underwent encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (edas). because two of the three postoperative collateral formations through edas were either poor or not present at all and their symptoms remained. encephalo-myo-synangiosis (ems) was later added in the posterior frontal and/or parietal regions of the same side as the former ...	2006	2077849
establishing a sense of urgency when we need it.		2006	1539953
[significance of drug determination in pilocarpine sweat for detection of past drug abuse].	the presence of cocaine, morphine and methadone in sweat samples obtained after stimulation of the eccrine sweat glands, from drugs users after six drugs-free days, was investigated. the stimulation of the sweat elimination was proved using pilocarpine-iontophoresis every hour for 7 hours. the drugs concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. consequently, the values measured represent the sum of the drug and its metabolites. measurable levels of cocaine, morphine and methadone were obta ...	2006	1489310
asbestos: the turbulent interface between science and policy.		2006	1489439
the effect of insulin treatment on hba1c, body weight and lipids in type 2 diabetic patients with secondary-failure to sulfonylureas. a five year follow-up study.	no conclusive data are available about the long-term effect of insulin treatment in type 2 diabetic patients failing to maximal doses of sulfonylureas and caloric restriction. in total 160 non-obese type 2 diabetic patients with secondary failure were substituted with insulin using a diabetic teaching and care program. from these 160 patients 40 died within the observation period of five years; 102 patients had a complete five year follow-up, whereas the remaining 18 patients did not come to reg ...	2006	1464414
nursing management in an endoscopy setting.	textbooks and articles that address the issues and responsibilities of a nurse manager generally focus on the role of the nurse manager in a hospital setting. while many of the principles set forth in these publications may be appropriately used by the nurse manager working in an endoscopy setting, certain characteristics of gi nursing are unique in terms of managing the delivery of patient care, managing staff, and managing self. this article describes these critical "3ms" of nursing management ...	2006	1525189
thrombocytopenia and the neglected megakaryocyte.		2006	1435936
[competence levels].		2006	1418631
health checks on patients 75 years and over in nottinghamshire after the new gp contract.	to investigate annual health checks for patients of 75 years and over required by the 1990 contract for general practitioners.	2006	1393076
inhibition site of dexamethasone on extravasation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the hamster cheek pouch microcirculation.	a video system was used to investigate the inhibitory effect(s) of the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (dex) on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) extravasation in the microcirculation of hamster cheek pouch. dex was given intraperitoneally at 0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg body weight 2 h before induction of extravasation by topical application of leukotriene b4 (ltb4) or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp) on the microvasculature. the number, time course, and behavior of pmns were examined in the follo ...	2006	1326021
the cellular and molecular biology of membrane transport. aps conference. orlando, florida, november 4-7, 1992. abstracts.		2006	1360685
acrodysostosis in two generations: an autosomal dominant syndrome.	acrodysostosis is a rare syndrome characterized by growth retardation, peripheral dysostosis and mental deficiency. x-rays reveal generalized shortening of metacarpals, metatarsals and phalanges, hyperplasia of the first ray of the feet and premature skeletal maturation. occasionally abnormal interpedicular spinal spaces, increased mandibular angle and hearing loss have been observed. we report a 19-year-old woman and her daughter examined at birth and subsequently at 6 years of age. the clinica ...	2006	1860254
adjuvant treatment in breast cancer.		2006	1346675
shigella flexneri encephalopathy in a male child.		2006	22266506
the molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular and renal regulation by endothelin peptides.	in summary, we have seen that endothelins are potent cardiovascular and renal regulatory peptides. cardiovascular regulation by endothelin requires complex spatial and temporal regulation of endothelin gene expression and the coordinated interplay of numerous signaling pathways. although the precise physiologic role for endothelin peptides in the cardiovascular and renal systems remains uncertain, two general models can be proposed, as follows. (1) endothelin appears to act as an autocrine or pa ...	2005	1317401
study of lipid changes in freeze-dried fish during storage. i. the interaction of relative humidity and tissue lipids.	several studies on lipid stability of freeze-dried fish pointed out the relationship between relative humidity (rh) and autoxidation of highly unsaturated fatty acids. the present study shows the changes of tissue lipids in two different fish, freeze-dried and stored under various rh conditions. fillets of scomber scomber l and sardina pilchardus sardina were freeze-dried and stored for 1, 3, 6 and 9 months. periodically, the sample of both fish were analyzed to evaluate the autoxidation of lipi ...	2005	1307019
feeling good affects your work. a team approach to health and productivity.		2005	1291285
cancer metastasis--a multistep process.	dermatologists are confronted daily with proliferative growths which can reach considerable size, but mean no danger to the patient. seborrheic keratoses are one example. other growths, such as basal cell carcinoma, are locally destructive. normally, however, we do not hesitate to reassure the patient about the benignity of the tumor once excised. the malignancy of squamous cell carcinomas and melanoma, however, is undoubted. thus, excessive proliferation and even local invasiveness are not suff ...	2005	1280176
[cryosurgery in the treatment of skin and mouth mucosa neoplasms].		2005	1272974
[psychiatric side-effects of levodopa treatment].		2005	1265908
circadian properties of the rhythmic system in individual nucleated and enucleated cells of acetabularia mediterranea.		2005	1248525
[epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in the middle east].		2005	1230937
fibrinolytic activity in malignant disease.	resting fibrinolytic activity and fibrinolytic capacity were compared in 31 patients with malignant disease and in 24 control subjects without malignant disease. patients with malignant disease had a lower mean fibrinolytic activity: this was particularly marked in those with disseminated disease. in contrast, patients with malignant disease had a fibrinolytic capacity which did not differ from that of the control subjects.	2005	1236626
[drug pulverizer with a spatula].		2005	1231142
is poliomyelitis a genetically-determined disease? ii. a critical examination of the epidemiological data.		2005	1196158