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purification and characterization of a cu, zn-superoxide dismutase from adult paragonimus westermani.in cytosolic fraction of adult paragonimus westermani, superoxide dismutase activity was identified (4.3 units/mg of specific activity) using a xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. the enzyme was purified 150 fold in its activity using the ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae-trisacryl m anion-exchange chromatography and sephadex g-100 molecular sieve chromatography. the enzyme exhibited the enhanced activity at ph 10.0. the enzyme activity totally disappeared in 1.0mm cyanide while it remained 77. ...19911786252
component proteins in crude extract of adult paragonimus westermani purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies.the nature of 2 component proteins in crude saline extract of adult paragonimus westermani was investigated. by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies (mab) as ligands, the proteins were purified from the crude extract. band 1 protein in disc-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) was purified by pfck-136 mab. the protein, known to have molecular mass of 440 kda, was composed of 23, 46 and 92 kda subunits when observed by reducing sds-page and sds-page/immunoblot. this prot ...19911804300
[serum ige levels in rats infected with paragonimus westermani].paragonimus westermani is a common fluke in korea. the present study aimed to determine serum total ige and specific igg levels in experimental paragonimiasis of rats. each wistar rat was inoculated orally with 20-25 metacercariae of p. westermani from cambaroides similis. before and after infection (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 weeks) of p. westermani, the blood was collected from the retro-orbital venous plexus of rats and kept serum at -70 degrees c. serum total ige and specific igg levels were determine ...19911804304
the cell content of peritoneal exudates following the injection of neutral thiol protease into guinea pigs.the cell content of the peritoneal exudate was examined 4 days after an intraperitoneal injection of glycogen in uninfected and paragonimus westermani-infected guinea pigs. in uninfected animals a reduction in macrophage count and an accumulation of granulocytes in the exudate were observed at 3 and 6 hr after an intraperitoneal injection of purified neutral thiol protease from p. westermani metacercariae. no such effect occurred after the enzyme was injected into infected animals. at 9 hr after ...19911865274
[antigenic localities in the tissues of the young adult worm of paragonimus westermani using immunogold labeling method].in order to observe the antigenic localization in the tissues of the young adult paragonimus westermani, immunogold labeling method was applied using serum immunoglobulins(igg) of the dog which infected with isolated metacercariae from cambaroides similis. the sectioned worm tissue was embedded in lowicryl hm 20 medium and stained with infected serum igg and protein a gold complex (particle size; 12 nm). it was observed by electron microscopy at each tissues of the worm. the gold particles were ...19911911625
[antibody-dependent rat macrophage-mediated damage to the excysted metacercariae of paragonimus westermani in vitro].an in vitro immune effector mechanism against the target excysted metacercariae of paragonimus westermani was demonstrated in the rat system. peritoneal exudate cells, mainly macrophages from normal rats, showed adherence to and killing of excysted metacercariae of p. westermani in the presence of complement-independent serum from rats infected with paragonimus metacercariae. these reactions were specific for the excysted metacercariae, as tissue-migrating juvenile worms were not affected. damag ...19911911626
molecular weight of major component proteins in crude saline extract of adult paragonimus westermani.when the component proteins in crude saline extract of 13-week old adult paragonimus westermani were observed by non-denaturing discontinuous-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc-page), 8 distinct bands were clearly recognized. molecular weight (mw) of each band protein, numbered in sequence from cathodal side which appeared in 10% separating gel, was measured first by ferguson plot utilizing different gel concentrations from 10% to 4.5%. mw of band 1 protein (known as egg protein) was 440 k ...19911954194
metacercarial infections of paragonimus westermani in freshwater crabs sold in markets in seoul.status of metacercarial infections of paragonimus westermani was observed in freshwater crabs, which were purchased at 3 markets in its peak season of 1990. all of 85 crabs were eriocheir japonicus. no other species of eriocheir were found. when crushed muscle and viscera was examined individually, the infection rate was 11.8%; and mean number of metacercariae was 2.1 per infected crab. unless adequately cooked, freshwater crabs are still potential sources of human paragonimiasis.19911954202
[study on isoenzymes of paragonimus iloktsuenensis and paragonimus westermani by isoelectric focusing].the isoenzyme patterns of paragonimus iloktsuenesis and p. westermani were studied by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels for pgm, mdh, hk, me, po and acp. interspecific differences were apparent as shown by the isoenzyme profiles of these enzymes examined. mdh was polymorphic with 2 recognizable phenotypes, designated common type and variant type respectively, in p. i. and with 3 phenotypes, designated mdh1, mdh2 and mdh1-2 respectively, in p. w. the result showed that the two species c ...19911959172
[common antigenic components in soluble antigens shared by schistosoma japonicum eggs and paragonimus westermani adult worms].using enzyme-linked immunoblot technique (elib), the antigenic protein components of water-soluble and urea-soluble antigens of schistosoma japonicum eggs (jsea, jeau) and paragonimus westermani adult worms (paa, paa-u) were analysed. the results showed that in both jsea and jea-u, 8 and 3 bands of polypeptides could be recognized by sera from patients with schistosomiasis japonica (sj). in both paa and paa-u, there were 9 and 2 bands of polypeptides respectively, which could be recognized by se ...19912065450
[comparative studies on the repetitive dna sequences of diploid and triploid forms of paragonimus westermani by restriction endonuclease and southern blotting].restriction enzyme digestion of total genomic dna of two chromosomes forms of paragonimus westermani showed the presence of homologous highly repeated dna in both diploid and triploid forms. southern blotting analysis provided further evidence that the distribution of restriction enzyme sites (with 3 enzymes) on repetitive sequence of dna of both forms were similar. however, with pstl, ddel, haeiii and hpaii, their polymorphism revealed differences which were also found in each form tested separ ...19912065454
triploidy in paragonimus westermani.the finding of triploid and diploid forms of paragonimus westermani in japan has caused tremendous controversy over the identity and speciation of this parasite. should these two genetically different forms be given different specific names? hirohiso hirai and takeshi agatsuma have studied the lung flukes by using cytogenetic techniques and zymodeme analysis. in this article, they briefly compare triploid p. westermani with the diploid form and develop a hypothesis for the mechanism and origin o ...199115463378
[ultrastructure of metacercarial membrane and immunohistochemical localization of metacercarial membrane reaction of paragonimus westermani].the ultrastructure of the tegument of the early excysted p. westermani metacercariae was observed with transmission electron microscope. the tegument was fine and dense in texture, containing a lot of disk-like bodies and a few mitochondria. the outer-plasma membrane was clear and intact. after the metacercariae were incubated in rabbit anti-serum for 3 hours, metacercarial membrane reaction (mmr) appeared closely to the outer plasma membrane and the tegument was damaged. indirect peroxidase-lab ...19902208621
effective pretreatment by cysteine proteinase inhibitor for improved analysis of protein components of trematodes on sds-page.since fasciola sp. contained proteolytic enzyme(s), it was confirmed that degradation took place in protein components in extracts of the liver flukes, which resulted in lack of clarity of sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). degradation was shown to occur mostly during a heating process of the extract samples. the proteolytic activity in the extracts was completely blocked and electrophoretic patterns were improved only by the use of cysteine proteinase inhibit ...19902230026
prevalence of paragonimus westermani in some ulchin school children.in order to estimate the prevalence of paragonimus westermani among the school children in ulchin county, kyungpook province, five primary schools were selected for sampling. the children were first examined using an intradermal test with paragonimus antigen, lot no. 890417, and then examined for paragonimus eggs from sputa and stools collected from the intradermal-positive cases. in a total of 382 children examined, 53 cases or 13.9 percent revealed positive reactions for paragonimus westermani ...19902239300
prevalence of intestinal parasitoses in relationship to diarrhoea among children in ilorin.studies on the role of intestinal parasites in diarrhoeal disease in children were carried out among 907 children of one month to 120 months (10 years) of age both at out patients and inpatients in unilorin teaching hospital. the most common intestinal parasites found were ascaris lumbricoides (40.9%), trichuris trichiura (27%), hookworm (10.2%), strongyloides stercoralis (9.7%), e. histolytica (6.3%), trichomona vaginalis (2.8%). taenia saginata (1.7%) and 1.1% of paragonimus westermani, among ...19902268573
[the effects of antibodies and complement in macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity on metacercariae of the lung fluke, paragonimus westermani].paragonimus westermani is a tissue migrating parasite in the early stage until arriving at lung, and most of the parasites spend their life spans there. considerable immune responses including activation of macrophages are taken place during the residence of parasites in the host. however, concerning the immunologic defense mechanisms of the host against this parasite, only a few document is available so far. in this study, the cytotoxic effect of peritoneal macrophages under the presence of ant ...19902271506
partial purification and characterization of cysteine proteinases from various developmental stages of paragonimus westermani.1. during development of paragonimus westermani, larvae develop during migration within the host, and adult worms feed on pulmonary tissues, causing significant pathology in the mammalian host. in this report acidic extracts of various developmental stages (metacercariae and worms at one, two and three months of development) were examined for cysteine proteinase activity. 2. a soluble thiol-dependent proteinase activity with a native molecular weight of approximately 20,000 was isolated and part ...19902331877
a neutral thiol protease secreted from newly excysted metacercariae of trematode parasite paragonimus westermani: purification and characterization.1. a neutral thiol protease was purified from the culture filtrate of newly excysted metacercariae of paragonimus westermani to homogeneity as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, having a monomeric form with mol. wt 22,000. 2. it expressed activity on t-butyloxycarbonyl-valyl-leucyl-lysyl-4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide in the presence of cysteine at an optimal ph of 7.5, and also the activity was significantly affected by thiol protease inhibitors, indicating that the ...19902344732
[study on chromosome c-banding in paragonimus westermani: comparison of the diploid and triploid types].a comparative study was performed in detail on the c-band pattern of diploid and triploid types of paragonimus westermani by using bsg method. the result revealed that both types of p. westermani possessed the identical c-band pattern and c-band polymorphism. thus the authors considered that the triploid type of p. westermani might be an autotriploid. the polymorphism of c-band pattern in diploid and the combination of homologous chromosomes with c-band polymorphism in triploid were reported for ...19902364502
characterization of monoclonal antibodies to young-adult worms of angiostrongylus cantonensis.three igg1 and one igg2a monoclonal antibodies were obtained by fusion of ns-1 cells with spleen cells of balb/c mice immunized with young-adult worm antigen of a. cantonensis. these 4 monoclonal antibodies were specific to a. cantonensis without cross-reactivity to any antigens of toxocara canis, ascaris suum, clonorchis sinensis, dirofilaria immitis, paragonimus westermani, gnathostoma spinigerum, strongyloides stercoralis and anisakis spp. detected by elisa. the affinity constants of monoclon ...19901701759
[analysis of antigenic specificities of paragonimus westermani developmental stages using immunoblot technique].serodiagnosis of parasitic infections is widely used, since parasites or their eggs are not always detected by ordinary methods. the sensitive tests such as elisa are highly dependent on the purity of antigens used. to solve this problem, many workers have tried to find species-specific components of antigens. the present study was performed to determine the antigenic profile of crude saline extracts of 3, 5, 8 and 12-week old p. westermani worms, which were collected from experimentally infecte ...19892484827
[immunohistochemical study on the antigenicity of body compartments of paragonimus westermani].production of circulating specific antibodies to the lung fluke (paragonimus westermani) by its host is well known and used in various kinds of immunodiagnostic methods. however, it has not been well documented which compartments (or structures) of the lung fluke are most responsible for the production of specific antibodies. the present immunohistochemical study was undertaken to demonstrate the antigenicity of each body compartment of p. westermani such as suckers, tegument, spines, vitelline ...19892486829
demonstration of species-specific and cross reactive components of paragonimus westermani crude worm antigen by eitb.enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (eitb) using crude worm antigen of adult paragonimus westermani was performed for human patients sera to identify the species-specific components. crude antigen was obtained by homogenizing and centrifuging 24-week old adult worms at 10,000 rpm for 60 minutes in phosphate buffered saline (pbs, ph 7.2) containing phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride (pmsf). gradient sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) was performed and blotted e ...19892487266
purification of a neutral thiol protease from paragonimus westermani metacercariae by single-step chromatography and preparation of antibodies.a neutral thiol protease from extracts of larvae of the mammalian digenean parasite paragonimus westermani metacercariae was purified by single-step chromatography on ultrogel aca-54, measuring its activity on t-butyloxycarbonyl-valyl-leucyl-lysyl-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide as a substrate. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and size exclusion-high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the enzyme indicated that the fraction obtained by gel filtration was homogeneou ...19892496045
[parasitic zoonoses in japan, with special reference to the current topics].the present situation of parasitic zoonoses in japan is reviewed. a total of 51 species, i.e., 6 species of protozoan parasites, 14 species of trematode parasites, 11 species of cestode parasites, 18 species of nematode parasites and 2 species of acanthocephalan parasites are potential zoonotic parasites. most (11 species) of the zoonotic nematodes provoke larva migrans. habitats of zoonotic parasites vary greatly depending upon individual species. some parasites cause heterotopic parasitism (e. ...19892513435
studies on host specificity in paragonimus westermani: ii. histochemical and cytochemical characterization of metacercariae and worms from rats and dogs.histochemical tests were done on newly excysted metacercariae and worms recovered from an abnormal host (rat) and the definitive host (dog) for some oxidoreductases, phosphatases and glycosidases. the results demonstrate that rat worms have enzymatic distribution and intensities more similar to those of metacercariae than to adult worms from dogs. ultracytochemical examination of acid and alkaline phosphatase and mg-atpase activity was also carried out. acid phosphatase activity occurred excepti ...19892532234
[ultrastructural studies on the spermatogenesis in diploid and triploid types of paragonimus westermani].diploid and triploid types of paragonimus westermani were compared in the aspect of ultrastructure of spermatogenesis. the results showed that the process of spermatogenesis in the diploid type was normal. the cells at every stage are well developed. a great number of morphologically and functionally normal spermatozoa could be formed. on the other hand, the process of spermatogenesis in the triploid type was abnormal, the cells at every stage developed abnormally. they were apparently degenerat ...19892591038
pulmonary paragonimiasis in childhood--a cause of recurrent haemoptysis and pneumonia.a 2-year-old manipuri girl had haemoptysis and a chest roentgenogram disclosed diffuse-infiltrates in the right lung. microscopic examination of sputum and morning gastric aspirate showed numerous golden-brown, operculated ova, and microscopic examination of stool specimens confirmed these ova to be those of the lung fluke, paragonimus westermani. she responded favourably to bithionol therapy and was asymptomatic and growing normally during follow up for one and half years.19892638658
elisa for diagnosis of gnathostomiasis using antigens from gnathostoma doloresi and g. spinigerum.elisa was developed for the detection of igg antibody in sera obtained from patients in japan and in a foreign country. gnathostoma doloresi adult antigen was less specific than g. spinigerum advanced third-stage larval antigen but their sensitivity were similar. cross reactivity was observed in toxocara canis-, anisakis-, paragonimus westermani- and fasciola-infected sera when g. doloresi adult worms but not g. spinigerum advanced third-stage larvae were used as antigens.19892692193
parasitological survey of the first intermediate host of paragonimus westermani in iga area of mie prefecture, japan.during the period from september 1985 to march 1988, the freshwater snails, semisulcospira libertina, were collected from 4 mountain rivers in ayama county of mie prefecture, which is known as a heavily infected locality with paragonimus westermani (kerbert, 1878) braun, 1899, and were examined for cercariae and rediae of this lung fluke. of 3,000 snails studied, 80 (2.67%) harbored paragonimus larvae. the infected snails were found at 3 sites in the nishitani (a), nenobi(b), and higashitani (c) ...19892739207
preparation of monoclonal antibody against angiostrongylus cantonensis antigen.monoclonal antibodies (mab) against a cantonensis were produced through fusion of immunised spleen cells from balb/c mice with ns-1 myeloma cells at a ratio of 10:1. the successful fusion rate on the 3rd day of fusion was 90.1%. ten mab were characterised, six of which were igg1 and the remaining four were igg2a, igg2b, igm and iga respectively. among 6 igg1 mab, four were a. cantonensis-specific, of which three reacted to adult worm antigen only and one reacted to both adult worm and juvenile w ...19892772697
characterization of antigens of paragonimus miyazakii by elisa.the characterization of adult worm and excretory-secretory (es) antigens of p. miyazakii was performed with a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) igg and fab' fragments were prepared from p. miyazakii-infected rat sera. the former was purified by affinity column chromatography. the latter was prepared from igg2c by passage through a protein a affinity column, then conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. cross-reactivity of the elisa with fasciola hepatica. fischoederius elongatus. t ...19892772708
studies on host specificity in paragonimus westermani: i. ultrastructural characterization of metacercariae and juvenile and adult worms from abnormal and definitive hosts.comparative ultrastructural studies have been made of newly excysted metacercariae and worms recovered from abnormal (rats) and normal definitive hosts (dogs). worms from rats survived for prolonged periods without any growth or development in muscles of the host. they appeared to resemble metacercariae in general features, although ultrastructural observations revealed differences in the composition of tegumental granules and the development of the excretory bladder and caeca. worms from dogs s ...19892794457
[comparative study on chromosome c-banding in diploid and triploid types of paragonimus westermani].diploid and triploid types of paragonimus westermani had similar chromosomal karyotypes, however, they differed in chromosome c-band patterns. two of three homologues of the triploid resembled those of the diploid in c-banding pattern, while the remaining chromosomes showed a different pattern. heterogeneity in homologues was observed especially in chromosome nos. 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 (fig. 1, 2). in the diploid chromosome specimen, mitotic and meiosic phases were observed, while only the mitotic ph ...19892805253
schistosoma mansoni cationic egg antigens (cef6): immunoserology with oxamniquine-treated patients and involvement of cef6 in the circumoval precipitin reaction.the serologic activity of a cationic fraction (denoted cef6) of schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen was compared in an elisa with that of the unpurified soluble egg antigen for the ability to detect human infections and for the prediction of chemotherapeutic success in patients followed up to 5 years post-treatment with oxamniquine. the cationic fraction correctly identified 100% of 20 patients as infected with s. mansoni; moreover, 50% (10 of 20) seroconverted to negative by 2 years post-tr ...19883152779
[the morphology of the eggs of paragonimus westermani (trematoda)].the entire shape, surface structure and the details in operculum of the eggs of paragonimus westermani imported to czechoslovakia by one korean and three vietnamese were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy with emphasis on differential diagnostics. differences distinguishing eggs of p. westermani from other species of this fluke parasitizing in man are briefly discussed.19883177935
[ultrastructure of the miracidium of paragonimus westermani]. 19883180364
diagnosis of paragonimiasis by immunoblot.a sensitive and specific immunoblot assay was used to rapidly and accurately diagnose paragonimiasis. the immunoreactivity of a complex paragonimus westermani chaffee antigen was evaluated by sds-page and western blot analysis. initial probing with pooled human serum from proven paragonimus infections revealed many bands, including a significant antibody response to an approximately 8,000 molecular weight (8 kda) protein. forty-three of 45 proven paragonimiasis serum specimens had antibodies to ...19883195692
antigenic characteristics of larval paragonimus westermani. 19883283393
production of monoclonal antibody to characterize the antigen of paragonimus westermani.we produced monoclonal antibodies against the adult antigen of paragonimus westermani to investigate the expression of the stage-specific antigen of adult flukes. two hybridoma cell lines, a1-2 and a4-1, were established. a1-2 reacted specifically only with the adult antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), whereas a4-1 reacted with both adult and larval antigens. by immunoblotting analysis, a1-2 was found to react with four bands with molecular weights of 35,000, 17,000, 15,500, ...19882467282
[histopathological histochemical and electron microscopic observations on the adult worm of paragonimus westermani after pyquiton administration]. 19883383393
immunoblot observation of antigenic protein fractions in paragonimus westermani reacting with human patients sera.in order to observe the antigenic fractions in saline extract of adult paragonimus westermani, proteins in the crude extract were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) in reducing conditions. the separated protein fractions were transferred to nitrocellulose paper on which 20 sera from human paragonimiasis were reacted and immunoblotted. out of 15 stained protein bands in sds-page, 7 reacted with the sera. of 14 reacted bands, 30 kilodalton(kda) band wa ...198812811037
[studies on the immunodiagnosis of rabbit clonorchiasis ii. immunoaffinity purification of whole worm antigen and characterization of egg, metacercaria and adult antigens of clonorchis sinensis]the sensitivity and specificity of crude and affinity-purified antigens of clonorchis sinensis obtained from the infected rabbits were studied. stage-specific antigenic proteins from the eggs, metacercariae and adult worms were characterized by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) the results were as follows: the antibody-binding antigen (aba) purified from whole worm crude antigen (wwa) by cnbr-activated sepharose 4b affinity chromatogr ...198812811052
[ultrastructural studies on the surface of paragonimus westermani metacercaria]the present study was undertaken to demonstrate the surface structure of paragonimus westermani metacercaria in korea with special reference to the distribution of sensory papillae. metacercariae were isolated from crayfish, one of the second intermediate host of p. westermani in bogil island, chollanam-do (province), korea, where has been known as an endemic area of human paragonimiasis. isolated metacercariae were excysted and examined with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopes ...198712886063
detection of circulating antigens in rats experimentally infected with paragonimus westermani by elisa.circulating antigens in rats experimentally infected with paragonimus westermani were examined by elisa. from a total of 22 albino rats, each fed with 25 metacercariae, blood samples were collected until 12 weeks after infection. the specific antibodies against p. westermani in the serum of an infected cat were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae anion-exchange chromatography and affinity chromatography serially. so-called double antibody sandwich elisa method was used for the detec ...198712886064
in vitro effect of praziquantel on paragonimus westermani by light and scanning electron microscopic observation.the effect of praziquantel on p. westermani exposed in vitro was observed by stereomicroscope, light microscope and scanning electron microscope. following results were found. the worms incubated in 0.01 micro-g/ml praziquantel were moving after 26-hour incubation. however, all of them were immobilized immediately after incubation in solutions over 0.1 micro-g/ml concentration. all of the exposed worms showed severe vacuolization not only in tegument but in subtegument, intestine, ovary, testis, ...198712886079
comparative studies on surface ultrastructure of newly excysted metacercariae of japanese lung flukes.the surface ultrastructure of excysted metacercariae of five species of japanese lung flukes: paragonimus westermani, p. pulmonalis, p. miyazakii, p. ohirai and p. iloktsuenensis, were studied. some differences were observed in the distribution of the spines and papillae among the five species. single-pointed spines were generally developed in the antero-ventral region, and their development varied among species. three morphological types of papillae were observed: large-domed, small-domed and p ...19873422978
[studies on karyotype of paragonimus westermani from yueqing county, zhejiang]. 19873447784
paragonimus westermani: a comparative study on the migration route of the diploid and triploid types in the final hosts.recent studies on chromosomes have shown the presence of diploid and triploid types of paragonimus westermani. to determine any possible biological differences between them, the migration route and development of the diploid type in the final hosts were compared with those of the triploid type. in the cat, the definitive host, larvae of the diploid type migrated to the abdominal wall, remained there for two weeks, and then migrated to the lung. in the rat, the abnormal host, some orally administ ...19873575287
[a case of paragonimus westermani infection with repeated spontaneous pneumothorax and cerebellar infarction--a review of the clinical feature in cases of paragonimiasis reported in japan for the last 15 years]. 19873599572
evaluation of elisa for the diagnosis of paragonimiasis westermani.possible applicability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the diagnosis of paragonimiasis westermani was examined using crude extract of adult paragonimus westermani (pw) as the test antigen. the mean elisa values of the sera from pw egg-positive cases and from clinically suspected cases were more than 22 times higher than that of the healthy control. no, or only marginal, cross-reactivity was observed against pw antigen using sera from patients with various parasitic diseases o ...19873127958
characterization and localization of paragonimus westermani antigen stimulating antibody formation in both the infected cat and rat.applicability of the adult paragonimus westermani antigen for detection of anti-immature p. westermani antibodies in experimentally infected rats, a paratenic host of this lung fluke, was examined. the serum antibodies of the cats and rats infected with p. westermani metacercariae were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with the adult-fluke antigen. the elisa titers of serum samples of the rats infected with only immature flukes were as high as those of the cats infected with ...19873295167
purification and properties of a neutral thiol protease from larval trematode parasite paragonimus westermani metacercariae.1. a neutral thiol protease was isolated from the extract of larvae of the mammalian trematode parasite, paragonimus westermani metacercariae, by arginine-sepharose, ultrogel aca-54 and deae-toyopearl column chromatography, measuring its activity by the hydrolysis of boc-val-leu-lys-mca as a substrate. 2. the molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 22,000 as a single polypeptide by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and was estimated to be 20,000 by size exclusion high-pe ...19873304826
[scanning electron microscopic observation on the daughter redia of paragonimus westermani]. 19873652412
[host transfer of paragonimus westermani among mice and its developmental changes]. 19873652414
ultrastructural characterization of tegumental spines of the adult lung fluke, paragonimus westermani. 19873809155
[the prevalence of paragonimus westermani in taipei county].paragonimus westermani is an endemic disease and has had scattered distribution in northern taiwan for the long period of 108 years. in order to know the current status of the prevalence of this disease in taipei county, an investigation by means of examination of snail, crab and stool for identification of cercariae, metacercariae and ova of paragonimus westermani was carried out in five small highly endemic foci-alilao, shengkeng, shuangchi, shihjen and taiping from july 1984 to june 1985. the ...19863816373
primary rhabdomyosarcoma combined with chronic paragonimiasis in the cerebrum: a necropsy case and review of the literature.a necropsy case of a primary rhabdomyosarcoma with chronic paragonimiasis in the cerebrum of a 68-year-old man is reported. the clinical data showed a right hemiplegia and dysarthria which became lethal in 6 months even though operation and radiation therapy were performed. computed tomography revealed a large low-density area associated with the peripheral enhancement in the left basal ganglia, and multiple conglomerated calcified masses in the left temporal and occipital lobes. biopsied and ne ...19863825517
[cerebral paragonimiasis with peculiar calcified foci: a case report].in japan more than 400 cases of intracranial invasion of paragonimus westermani have been reported. in recent years, however, because of the decrease of incidence of parasitic disease, erroneous diagnosis is apt to be made. peculiar but characteristic calcified cystic lesions in chronic stage of cerebral paragonimiasis were described as "soap bubble appearance" in x-rays by oh in 1968. we report such a case with calcified lesions of soap bubble appearance in plain x-ray films in the right pariet ...19863724976
a preliminary study on the immunodiagnosis of paragonimiasis--the physico-chemical and immunological characteristics of the crude and partially purified antigens of paragonimus westermani (liaoning).we have now succeeded in preparing a partially purified antigen (fr. 1). the positive rates of the indirect elisa were 100% both for sera of proved human cases and dogs infected with paragonimus westermani when fr. 1 was used, whereas the positive rates of the test were 71.4% and 75% on sera from patients and infected dogs respectively when crude antigen was used. moreover, it is also better than the crude antigen in specificity, so a more reliable test in immunodiagnosis of paragonimiasis is av ...19863749865
[experimental studies on the infestation of pigs with paragonimus westermani]. 19863769156
[kinetics of the iha antibody response before and after pyquiton treatment in rats infected with paragonimus westermani]. 19863791589
[application of discrimination analysis to two types of paragonimus westermani]. 19863791590
[karyotypic studies on paragonimus westermani from shaoxing county, zhejiang]. 19863791591
[paragonimus westermani in brazil. notes on an old study]. 19863317561
pulmonary paragonimiasis: clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of 39 cases in manipur.thirty-nine cases of pulmonary paragonimiasis due to paragonimus westermani were identified in manipur, india. recurrent haemoptysis, often increased on exertion, was the most common symptom. the clinical features and radiological appearances simulated pulmonary tuberculosis and 23 cases were treated for tuberculosis for varying periods before the final diagnosis. young males aged 11 to 30 years comprised two-thirds of the cases. the disease was acquired by eating raw or improperly cooked crabs ...19863603646
[immunity in paragonimus westermani infection]. 19863533307
purification of cystic fluid antigen of taenia solium metacestodes by affinity chromatography using monoclonal antibody and its antigenic characterization.this study was undertaken to purify cystic fluid (cf) antigen of taenia solium metacestodes by affinity chromatography using specific monoclonal antibody (mcab) and to characterize the antigenicity of the purified antigen. the hybridoma cell lines, prepared by fusion between mouse plasmacytoma and spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with cf, secrected antibodies reacting to various helminthic antigens. majority of cell lines reacted to cf only but some also reacted to parenchymal antigen of ...198612886091
[purification of antigenic proteins of paragonimus westermani and their applicability to experimental cat paragonimiasis]this study was designed to evaluate the partially purified antigens which were fractionated from crude extract of paragonimus westermani and to monitor the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in experimental cat paragonimiasis during the course of infection as well as before and after chemotherapy. crude extract of 6-month-old adult p. westermani was fractionated to 5 antigens by successive applications of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. and ...198612886094
[elisa of paragonimiasis in cat by crude and purified antigens of paragonimus westermani]enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using crude and affinity-purified antigens of adult worms of paragonimus westermani was performed for infected cat sera with different worm burden, from preinfection to 18th week after infection. crude antigen was used with supernatant of homogenated worms by freezing-thawing method, and the supernate was centrifuged for l hour at 10,000 rpm at 4c. affinity-purified antigen (antibody-bound antigen) was prepared from fractions (bound and unbound) of crude ...198612886095
infestation status of paragonimus westermani metacercariae in the second intermediate host in ulchin county, kyungpook province.a study on the population density of crayfish intermediate hosts and infestation status of crayfish with encysted larvae of paragonimus westermani in ulchin county, kyungpook province, korea was conducted from may to october in 1986. the population density of the crayfish ranged from 1 to 13, with an average of 4 per manhour. among the six habitats, ducheon had a somewhat higher density than that of the others. of eight hundred and seventeen crayfish examined, 127 or 15.5 per cent harboured the ...198612886096
[a survey on intestinal parasites of soldiers in korea]total of 2,643 korean soldiers were examined of their stool for parasitic infections by both cellophane thick smear and formalin-ether concentration techniques from august 1983 to december 1985. out of them, 73.6% were free from any parasite, 22.6% were ova positive and 4.0% cyst positive. the ova positive rates by species were ascaris lumbricoides 2.0%, trichuris trichiura 13.0%, hookworm and trichostrongylus orientalis 0.08% respectively, clonorchis sinensis 7.6%, metagonimus yokogawai 1.1%, p ...198612886100
evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serological diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis using paired samples of serum and cerebrospinal fluid.the applicability of micro-elisa was evaluatd in human neuro-cysticercosis using paired samples of serum and csf. a total of 355 cases who were mostly neurologic patients was subjected. cystic fluid of c. cellulosae was used as antigen in protein concentration of 2.5 micro-g/ml. serum was diluted to 1:100 and csf was undiluted in the assay for the specific igg antibody level. the differential criterion of the positive reaction was the abs. of 0.18 in both samples. the results were summarized as ...198612886105
[antigenicity of the soluble egg antigen of paragonimus westermani]to evaluate the immature eggs of paragonimus westermani as a source of diagnostic antigen, about a million eggs which were excreted by 104 adult worms were collected; their saline extract (soluble egg antigen; pwsea) was prepared. the specific igg and igm antibody levels were observed in experimental dog paragonimiasis by micro-elisa, using pwsea as well as whole worm extract of 12 week-old p. westermani (pwwwe). the protein composition of the pwsea was observed by disc-page. the results could b ...198612886107
electrophoretic patterns of proteins from paragonimus westermani in early developmental stages.in order to observe the protein compositions of soluble extracts of p. westermani, and their changes during early developmental stages, the crude saline extracts of 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 week-old worms which were harvested from experimentally infected dogs were analysed by disc-page. the results were as follows: a total of 15 bands were identified from electrophoregrams of respective developmental stages. of them, 5 bands were recognized throughout the developmental stages. the number and protein a ...198512888660
epidemiological survey of paragonimus westermani in ulchin county, kyungpook province, korea.in order to determine the epidemiological pattern of the paragonimus westermani, the infestation rates of the cercarial and metacercarial larvae of digenetic trematodes in the snail and crayfish host, and the prevalence of paragonimus westermani among the residents in the vicinity of the stream namdae, wyangpi, and kwang, in the ulchin county, kyungpook province were studied from march to october in 1984. the population density of the snails per square meter of the habitats ranged form 5 to 25, ...198512888692
[ultrastructure of the integument of adult paragonimus westermani]the present study was performed to observe the ultrastructure of the integument of adult paragonimus westermani. dogs experimentally infected with 60 metacercariae of p. westermani were autopsied 4 months after the infection. adult p. westermani were extracted from the dogs and the fine structure was studied by means of scanning and transmission electron microscope. the findings are as follows: scanning electron microscopic findings showed that the spines and the papillae are distributed at whol ...198512888693
electrophoretic studies on enzymes of diploid and triploid paragonimus westermani.an enzyme analysis of diploid and triploid paragonimus westermani was conducted using starch gel electrophoresis. in total, 16 enzymes, probably encoded by 18 loci, were studied for 3 populations of the diploid form sampled from 2 localities, and 4 populations of the triploid form from 4 localities. comparison of the enzymes of the triploid and the diploid digeneans showed 5 different patterns: diaphorase (ec 1.6.2.2), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (ec 2.6.1.1), hexokinase (ec 2.7.1.1), leuc ...19852934681
[preliminary report on the production of hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against adult worm antigens of paragonimus westermani]. 19853919906
[comparative disc electrophoretic study of paragonimus skrjabini and paragonimus westermani]. 19853919907
[early clinical symptoms and signs of paragonimiasis westermani, time course when intradermal test with paragonimus westermani antigen turns positive and effects of praziquantel on paragonimiasis]. 19854032878
c-banding analysis of six species of lung flukes, paragonimus spp. (trematoda: platyhelminthes), from japan and korea.we examined c-banded karyotypes of six species of lung flukes from japan and korea; diploid and triploid paragonimus westermani, p. miyazakii, p. ohirai, p. iloktsuenensis and p. sadoensis, with special reference to their karyotypic diversification. c-band analysis between the diploid and the triploid westermani revealed that two of three homologues of the triploid resembled those of the diploid in c-band pattern, while the remaining chromosome showed a different pattern from any species examine ...19854050032
[analysis of early clinical characteristics and roentgenologic manifestations in 44 cases of paragonimiasis infested with paragonimus westermani]. 19854075925
karyotypic findings of the lung fluke, paragonimus westermani (kerbert, 1878), in the uda area of nara prefecture, japan. 19854094273
[a study on the phenomena of diapause of paragonimus westermani in mice]. 19846467543
the macaque monkey as an experimental paratenic host for paragonimus westermani (kerbert, 1878) braun, 1899. 19846482129
[surgical treatment of cerebral paragonimiasis miyazakii].an operated case of cerebral paragonimiasis miyazakii was reported. a 25-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on jan. 25, 1982, because of weakness, sensory disorder and focal convulsion of the right upper limb. he complained of slight headache but had no sign of meningeal irritation nor inflammation. ct scan revealed a left parietal low density mass with irregular ring-like contrast enhancement. left carotid angiogram showed stretched arteries around the mass. laboratory findings were norm ...19846483096
paragonimus westermani: life cycle, intermediate hosts, transmission to man and geographical distribution in korea.since discovery of this lung fluke in 1878 by kerbert, paragonimus westermani has been found to occur in many parts of asia. recently, however, it was detected that there exists a bisexual type and also a parthenogenetic type of the lung fluke which has been called p. westermani for a century. the natural definitive hosts other than man include a wide range of mammals. adult worms are localized in the lungs. the eggs excreted with sputum and reaching water develop into miracidia in water. miraci ...19846542389
paragonimus westermani: pathogenesis and clinical features of infection.pathogenesis: although the pathogenesis of human infection of p. westermani is not fully elucidated, experimental infections of cats or dogs could explain the early phase of paragonimiasis. as the larvae of p. westermani penetrate the intestinal wall and localize in the peritoneal cavity there appears to be a considerable migration inside the abdominal cavity before they direct toward the chest cavity through the diaphragm. approximately 20 days following experimental infection with metacercaria ...19846542390
paragonimiasis in the philippines: current status.paragonimiasis in the philippines was first reported in 1907. the first attempt to study its life cycle was made in 1941 when metacercariae of paragonimus were found in fresh-water mountain crabs. at present the causative agent of human paragonimiasis in this country is paragonimus westermani, although the new name, paragonimus philippinensis, has been proposed instead. the second species of paragonimus, paragonimus siamensis, was reported in cats in 1973. the prevalence of disease in two endemi ...19846542392
paragonimiasis: experimental and clinical experience with praziquantel in korea.the effect of praziquantel (2-cyclohexylcarbonyl-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4h-pyrazino[2,1-a]++ +isoquinolin- 4-one, embay 8440, biltricide) on the ultrastructure of paragonimus westermani was investigated in vitro and in vivo. in in vitro experiments, p. westermani was less sensitive to praziquantel. only very few vacuoles were formed in the tegumental syncytium after incubation in 100 micrograms/ml for 60 min. however, in vivo the parasite was successfully destroyed by praziquantel. in fine stru ...19846542393
intraocular paragonimiasis.a case of intraocular paragonimiasis is reported in a 13-year-old chinese boy. the disease manifested as repeated attacks of acute intraocular pain associated with panuveitis. a combination of inflammatory reaction and ocular findings mimicking both perforating and contusion injuries caused by the migration of the fluke within the eye characterises the infection. the living fluke was successfully extracted from the anterior chamber and identified as paragonimus westermani.19846691960
a survey of parasitic lesions in wild-caught, laboratory-maintained primates: (rhesus, cynomolgus, and baboon).the lesions associated with parasitic infestation in 1156 wild-caught, laboratory-maintained nonhuman primates (macaca fascicularis, macaca mulatta, and papio spp) are described. the two most common parasites seen were lung mites (pneumonyssus spp) and nodular worms (oesophagostomum spp). in addition, in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) only, nochtia nochti was a frequent pathogen. the etiology of mineralized fibrotic nodules in the mesentery of cynomolgus monkeys was thought to be infec ...19846730203
observation of paragonimus westermani eggs in sputum after digestion for mycobacteria culture.pulmonary paragonimiasis was diagnosed by the observation of paragonimus westermani eggs on smears of sputum concentrated for the detection of mycobacteria and on the culture plates. the eggs were distorted but recognizable.19846435946
immunity of schistosomes using heterologous trematode antigens--a review.this review summarizes the field of cross-protection in schistosomiasis due to other parasitic infections and with subcellular fractions of the parasite trematodes. regarding parasitic infections, the clearest evidence of cross-protection to schistosoma mansoni was found with the trematodes, particularly with fasciola hepatica. evidence was also presented which demonstrated that the protective f. hepatica worm antigens were those which bound to antibodies to s. mansoni, and that as antigen purif ...19846382782
experimental chemotherapy of paragonimiasis. a review.the ideal type of an anthelmintic drug should be effective against the parasite and not toxic to the host. in early studies of this disease in japan, a large number of different drugs was tested, none of which was promising enough. in 1956, an in vitro screening method for effective drugs against paragonimus westermani was established. it was also found (1961) that rats experimentally infected with p. ohirai can be successfully employed for chemotherapeutic studies of paragonimiasis in place of ...19846391505
[amino acid composition of antigens of schistosoma japonicum eggs and the adult schistosoma japonicum, paragonimus westermani and clonorchis sinensis]. 19846391728
the antigens of paragonimus westermani, schistosoma mansoni, and fasciola hepatica adult worms. evidence for the presence of cross-reactive antigens and for cross-protection to schistosoma mansoni infection using antigens of paragonimus westermani.the presence of cross-reacting antigens between paragonimus westermani, schistosoma mansoni, and fasciola hepatica adult worms was demonstrated by ouchterlony immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). a serum bank was developed against the three trematode genera to serve as probes to determine the presence of cross-reacting antibodies to p. westermani worm extracts. in this manner, it was possible to demonstrate that antigens common to f. hepatica and s. mansoni tegument wer ...19836404188
karyotype of a lung fluke, paragonimus westermani filipinus miyazaki, 1978. 19836865178
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