Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| deep sequencing evidence from single grapevine plants reveals a virome dominated by mycoviruses. | we have characterized the virome in single grapevines by 454 high-throughput sequencing of double-stranded rna recovered from the vine stem. the analysis revealed a substantial set of sequences similar to those of fungal viruses. twenty-six putative fungal virus groups were identified from a single plant source. these represented half of all known mycoviral families including the chrysoviridae, hypoviridae, narnaviridae, partitiviridae, and totiviridae. three of the mycoviruses were associated w ... | 2010 | 21140178 |
| monitoring for resistance to fungicides in botrytis cinerea and sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the pathogens of sweet basil. | 2010 | 21534480 | |
| effects of paclobutrazol on botrytis cinerea isolates obtained from potted plants. | the growth of different isolates of botrytis cinerea, collected from potted plants affected by botrytis blight in southern spain during recent years, was studied. these isolates, which show wide phenotypic differences when grown in vitro, are differentially affected by growth temperature, gibberellic acid, and paclobutrazol--an efficient plant growth retardant used widely in nursery potted plants to reduce plant size, favouring compactness, a more intense green foliage and increased stress toler ... | 2010 | 21534481 |
| bioactive xanthones from the roots of hypericum perforatum (common st john's wort). | extracts of hypericum perforatum l. (common st john's wort; hypericaceae) are sold as phytopharmaceuticals and herbal supplements to treat mild to moderate depression and as food additives. extensively cultivated in europe, plants can be infected by anthracnose (colletotrichum gloeosporioides), a virulent fungal pathogen that causes tissue necrosis and dramatically decreases crop value. such infections triggered the production of new secondary metabolites, specifically xanthones, in cell culture ... | 2010 | 21218475 |
| involvement of a putative response regulator brrg-1 in the regulation of sporulation, sensitivity to fungicides, and osmotic stress in botrytis cinerea. | the response regulator protein is a core element of two-component signaling pathway. in this study, we investigated functions of brrg-1 of botrytis cinerea, a gene that encodes a putative response regulator protein, which is homologous to rrg-1 in neurospora crassa. the brrg-1 gene deletion mutant δbrrg1-62 was unable to produce conidia. the mutant showed increased sensitivity to osmotic stress mediated by nacl and kcl, and to oxidative stress generated by h(2)o(2). additionally, the mutant was ... | 2010 | 21161211 |
| purification of novel protein elicitor from botrytis cinerea that induces disease resistance and drought tolerance in plants. | pebc1, a novel protein elicitor was isolated and purified from the mycelium of gray mold fungus, botrytis cinerea strain bc-4-2-2-1. the protein was eluted through hitrap deae ff and resource q anion exchange chromatography and displayed as a single band with an apparent molecular weight of 36 kda on silver staining sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the pi of the purified protein pebc1 was determined by 2-de and was 4.85. three peptide segments were obtained b ... | 2010 | 19616421 |
| pr-1, a novel antifungal protein from pumpkin rinds. | a novel antifungal protein, m(r) = ca. 40 kda, was isolated from pumpkin rind and designated pr-1. when purified by anion exchange chromatography and hplc, it inhibited growth of several fungi including botrytis cinerea, fusarium oxysporum, fusarium solani and rhizoctonia solani, as well as the yeast, candida albicans, at 10-20 microm. it did not inhibit growth of escherichia coli or staphylococcus aureus even at 200 microm. laser scanning microscopy of fungal cells exposed to rhodamine-labeled ... | 2010 | 19760117 |
| the nature of tobacco resistance against botrytis cinerea depends on the infection structures of the pathogen. | to protect themselves, plants have evolved an armoury of defences in response to pathogens and other stress situations. these include the production of pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins and the accumulation of antimicrobial molecules such as phytoalexins. here we report that resistance of tobacco to botrytis cinerea is cultivar specific. nicotiana tabacum cv. petit havana but not n. tabacum cv. xanthi or cv. samsun is resistant to b. cinerea. this resistance is correlated with the accumulation ... | 2010 | 19799622 |
| antifungal mechanism of a novel antifungal protein from pumpkin rinds against various fungal pathogens. | a novel antifungal protein (pr-2) was identified from pumpkin rinds using water-soluble extraction, ultrafiltration, cation exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicated that the protein had a molecular mass of 14865.57 da. automated edman degradation showed that the n-terminal sequence of pr-2 was qgigvgdndgkrgkr-. the pr-2 protein strongly inhibited in vitro growth of bot ... | 2009 | 19807165 |
| hexanoic acid-induced resistance against botrytis cinerea in tomato plants. | we have demonstrated that root treatment with hexanoic acid protects tomato plants against botrytis cinerea. hexanoic acid-induced resistance (hx-ir) was blocked in the jasmonic acid (ja)-insensitive mutant jai1 (a coi1 homolog) and in the abscisic acid (aba)-deficient mutant flacca (flc). upon infection, the loxd gene as well as the oxylipin 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid and the bioactive molecule ja-ile were clearly induced in treated plants. however, the basal aba levels were not altered. hexanoic ... | 2009 | 19810814 |
| host-derived signals activate plant innate immunity. | oligogalacturonides (ogs) are endogenous elicitors of defense responses released after partial degradation of pectin in the plant cell wall. despite ogs cannot be considered true pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as flg22, they can be considered host-associated molecular patterns that are generated by the host cell during the infection process, and that stimulate the plant innate immune system. we have previously shown that, in arabidopsis, ogs increase resistance to botrytis cinerea ... | 2009 | 19704701 |
| characterization of an antifungal and cryoprotective class i chitinase from table grape berries (vitis vinifera cv. cardinal). | gene expression of a class i chitinase (vcchit1b) in the skin of table grapes was analyzed as a molecular marker for changes induced at low temperature and also to study the effect of high co(2) levels modulating transcript levels at 0 degrees c. an active recombinant vcchit1b was overexpressed in escherichia coli, and as the protein was produced as insoluble inclusion bodies, it was solubilized and refolded. the purified recombinant chitinase showed an optimum ph of 6.0 and a temperature of 50 ... | 2009 | 19769368 |
| the potato developer (d) locus encodes an r2r3 myb transcription factor that regulates expression of multiple anthocyanin structural genes in tuber skin. | a dominant allele at the d locus (also known as i in diploid potato) is required for the synthesis of red and purple anthocyanin pigments in tuber skin. it has previously been reported that d maps to a region of chromosome 10 that harbors one or more homologs of petunia an2, an r2r3 myb transcription factor that coordinately regulates the expression of multiple anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in the floral limb. to test whether d acts similarly in tuber skin, rt-pcr was used to evaluate the expre ... | 2009 | 19779693 |
| characterization of the cell wall of the ubiquitous plant pathogen botrytis cinerea. | the ascomycete botrytis cinerea is a destructive and ubiquitous plant pathogen and represents a model organism for the study of necrotrophic fungal pathogens. higher fungi possess a complex and dynamic multilayer cell wall involved in crucial aspects of fungal development, growth and pathogenicity. plant resistance to microbial pathogens is determined often by the capacity of the plant to recognize molecular patterns associated with the surface of an interacting microbe. here we report the chemi ... | 2009 | 19781643 |
| xanthepinone, an antimicrobial polyketide from a soil fungus closely related to phoma medicaginis. | the isolation, biological characterization, and structure elucidation of xanthepinone, a novel antifungal metabolite isolated from the broth of submerged cultures of a soil fungus, are described. xanthepinone inhibits the conidial germination of magnaporthe grisea (2 microg/ml), phytophthora infestans (5 microg/ml), and botrytis cinerea (10 microg/ml) while showing only weak antibacterial activity; cytotoxicity was not observed up to 50 microg/ml. molecular taxonomy revealed that the producing s ... | 2009 | 19795903 |
| release of lipoxygenase products and monoterpenes by tomato plants as an indicator of botrytis cinerea-induced stress. | changes in emission of volatile organic compounds (vocs) from tomato induced by the fungus botrytis cinerea were studied in plants inoculated by spraying with suspensions containing b. cinerea spores. voc emissions were analysed using on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, with a time resolution of about 1 h, for up to 2 days after spraying. four phases were delimited according to the starting point and the applied day/night rhythm of the experiments. these phases were used to demonstrate ... | 2009 | 19796363 |
| synthesis and antifungal activity of beta-trifluoroalkyl aminovinyl ketone derivatives. | ten beta-trifluoroalkyl aminovinyl ketone derivatives were synthesized, and their inhibitory effects on several phytopathogenic fungi, an oomycete and plants were assessed. the various compounds were fungitoxic at the 10-100 microm range, with (z)-3-amino-4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)but-2-en-1-one exhibiting the highest inhibitory effect on most of the test pathogens. alternaria alternata and neurospora crassa were the most tolerant and sensitive fungi to the compounds, respectively. we pr ... | 2009 | 19711891 |
| effect of mixed antimicrobial agents and flavors in active packaging films. | active packaging is an emerging food technology to improve the quality and safety of food products. many works have been developed to study the antimicrobial activity of essential oils. essential oils have been traditionally used as flavorings in food, so they have an important odor impact but they have as well antimicrobial properties that could be used to protect the food. recent developments in antimicrobial active packaging showed the efficiency of essential oils versus bread and bakery prod ... | 2009 | 19711918 |
| effects of ozone treatment on botrytis cinerea and sclerotinia sclerotiorum in relation to horticultural product quality. | botrytis cinerea and sclerotinia sclerotiorum are fungal pathogens that cause the decay of many fruits and vegetables. ozone may be used as an antimicrobial agent to control the decay. the effect of gaseous ozone on spore viability of b. cinerea and mycelial growth of b. cinerea and s. sclerotiorum were investigated. spore viability of b. cinerea was reduced by over 99.5% (p < 0.01) and height of the aerial mycelium was reduced from 4.7 mm in the control to less than 1 mm after exposure to 450 o ... | 2009 | 19723209 |
| the arabidopsis ataf1, a nac transcription factor, is a negative regulator of defense responses against necrotrophic fungal and bacterial pathogens. | transcription factors of the nac family are known to be involved in various growth or developmental processes and in regulation of response to environmental stresses. in the present study, we report that arabidopsis ataf1 is a negative regulator of defense responses against both necrotrophic fungal and bacterial pathogens. expression of ataf1 was downregulated after infection with botrytis cinerea or pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato or after treatment with salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid, and ... | 2009 | 19737096 |
| dual function of arabidopsis ataf1 in abiotic and biotic stress responses. | nac family genes encode plant-specific transcription factors involved in diverse biological processes. in this study, the arabidopsis nac gene ataf1 was found to be induced by drought, high-salinity, abscisic acid (aba), methyl jasmonate, mechanical wounding, and botrytis cinerea infection. significant induction of ataf1 was found in an aba-deficient mutant aba2 subjected to drought or high salinity, revealing an aba-independent mechanism of expression. arabidopsis ataf1-overexpression lines dis ... | 2009 | 19752887 |
| ectopic expression of mgsm1, a cerato-platanin family protein from magnaporthe grisea, confers broad-spectrum disease resistance in arabidopsis. | proteins belonging to the newly identified cerato-platanin (cp) family have been shown to have elicitor activity in inducing disease resistance responses in various plants. in this study, we characterized a gene, mgsm1, from magnaporthe grisea, encoding a putative small protein belonging to the cp family. mgsm1 was constitutively expressed not only in different fungal growth stages but also during its infection process in rice plants. agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of mgsm1 in arabi ... | 2009 | 19754836 |
| interactions between cauliflower and rhizoctonia anastomosis groups with different levels of aggressiveness. | the soil borne fungus rhizoctonia is one of the most important plant pathogenic fungi, with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. in cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis), several anastomosis groups (ags) including both multinucleate r. solani and binucleate rhizoctonia species have been identified showing different levels of aggressiveness. the infection and colonization process of rhizoctonia during pathogenic interactions is well described. in contrast, insights into processes ... | 2009 | 19622152 |
| the arabidopsis resurrection1 gene regulates a novel antagonistic interaction in plant defense to biotrophs and necrotrophs. | we report a role for the arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) resurrection1 (rst1) gene in plant defense. the rst1 mutant exhibits enhanced susceptibility to the biotrophic fungal pathogen erysiphe cichoracearum but enhanced resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogens botrytis cinerea and alternaria brassicicola. rst1 encodes a novel protein that localizes to the plasma membrane and is predicted to contain 11 transmembrane domains. disease responses in rst1 correlate with higher levels of jasm ... | 2009 | 19625635 |
| different drying technologies and alternation of mycobiots in the raw material of hyssopus officinalis l. | contamination of medicinal plant mass with mycobiots is one of the negative factors deteriorating the quality of raw material. in order to evaluate the impact of the yield processing technologies upon the changes of mycobiots in raw material, the mycobiotic conditions of herb hyssop (hyssopus officinalis l.) raw material were evaluated under various regimes of active ventilation and optimization of the drying parameters. the impact of ventilation intensity and temperature of drying agent upon th ... | 2009 | 19630202 |
| heat treatment in combination with antagonistic yeast reduces diseases and elicits the active defense responses in harvested cherry tomato fruit. | this study investigated the effects of heat treatment (hot air at 38 degrees c) and antagonistic yeast (pichia guilliermondii) alone or in combination against postharvest diseases (botrytis cinerea, alternaria alternata and rhizopus nigricans) on cherry tomato fruit, and evaluated the elicitation of active defense responses. results showed that heat treatment at 38 degrees c for 24 h in combination with p. guilliermondii at 1 x 10(8) cfu ml(-1) was the most effective approach to reduce various i ... | 2009 | 19637930 |
| [survey and pathogen identification of rhubarb diseases in gansu province]. | to investigate diseases occurring in rheum palmatum in gansu province and identify pathogen. | 2009 | 19639773 |
| effect of chitosan dissolved in different acids on its ability to control postharvest gray mold of table grape. | chitosan is a natural biopolymer that must be dissolved in an acid solution to activate its antimicrobial and eliciting properties. among 15 acids tested, chitosan dissolved in 1% solutions of acetic, l-ascorbic, formic, l-glutamic, hydrochloric, lactic, maleic, malic, phosphorous, and succinic acid. to control gray mold, table grape berries were immersed for 10 s in these chitosan solutions that had been adjusted to ph 5.6. the reduction in decay among single berries of several cultivars (thomp ... | 2009 | 19671004 |
| dissipation kinetics of spinosad on cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis. l.) under subtropical conditions of punjab, india. | residues of spinosad were estimated in cauliflower curds using high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and confirmed by high performance thin layer chromatography (hptlc). following three application of spinosad (success 2.5 sc) at 15 and 30 g a.i. ha−1, the average initial deposits of spinosad were observed to be 0.57 and 1.34 mg kg−1, respectively. these residues dissipated below the limit of quantification (loq) of 0.02 mg kg−1 after 10 days at both the dosages. the half-life values (t ... | 2009 | 19672547 |
| influence of post-harvest treatments with fludioxonil and soy lecithin co-application in controlling blue and grey mould and fludioxonil residues in coscia pears. | the residue levels of fludioxonil (flu) were determined in coscia pear following a 1-, 2- or 4-min dip in an aqueous mixture of flu containing 300 or 100 mg l(-1) (active ingredient, a.i.) at 20 and 50 degrees c, respectively, with or without 2% soy lecithin. the efficacy of heat treatment with water and flu mixtures was investigated on artificially inoculated pears for the control of post-harvest decay caused by blue (penicillium expansum link) and grey (botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr.) mould. tr ... | 2009 | 19680873 |
| control strategies against grey mould (botrytis cinerea pers.: fr) and corresponding fungicide residues in grapes and wines. | this study examines the most effective anti-botrytis strategies leading to possible lower pesticides residues in wine. to provide wine growers with a number of high-quality solutions for protection against botrytis for their vineyards while minimizing pesticide residues in the final product, various treatment approaches were tested. a total of 10 strategies with different specific fungicide treatments for controlling botrytis cinerea were applied to grapes at different growing stages: flowering, ... | 2009 | 19680943 |
| enaminonitrile in heterocyclic synthesis: synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some new pyrazole, isoxazole and pyrimidine derivatives incorporating a benzothiazole moiety. | enaminonitrile 2 was used as key intermediate for the synthesis of polyfunctionally substituted heterocycles (e.g. pyrazoles, isoxazole, pyrimidines, thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine, tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine, 1,5-benzodiazepine, and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine) incorporating benzothiazole moiety via its reactions with some n-nucleophiles. the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by ir, (1)h nmr and mass spectral studies. representative compounds of the synthesized pr ... | 2009 | 19683840 |
| inhibitory effect of bionic fungicide 2-allylphenol on botrytis cinerea (pers. ex fr.) in vitro. | 2-allylphenol is a registered fungicide in china to control fungal diseases on tomato, strawberry and apple. it is synthetic and structurally resembles the active ingredient ginkgol isolated from ginkgo biloba l. bark. 2-allylphenol has been used in china for 10 years. however, its biochemical mode of action remains unclear. an in vitro study was conducted on the biochemical mechanism of 2-allyphenol inhibiting botrytis cinerea (pers. ex fr.). | 2009 | 19685448 |
| comparison of skin prick tests with specific serum immunoglobulin e in the diagnosis of fungal sensitization in patients with severe asthma. | it has been shown that patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) and patients with severe asthma with fungal sensitization (safs) can benefit from antifungal therapy. it is not known whether allergy skin prick tests (spt) or specific ige tests are more sensitive in the identification of patients who are sensitized to fungi and who are therefore candidates for antifungal therapy. | 2009 | 19689458 |
| nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants silenced for the atp-binding cassette transporter gene nppdr1 show increased susceptibility to a group of fungal and oomycete pathogens. | summary the behaviour of nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants silenced for the atp-binding cassette transporter gene nppdr1 was investigated in response to fungal and oomycete infections. the importance of nppdr1 in plant defence was demonstrated for two organs in which nppdr1 is constitutively expressed: the roots and the petal epidermis. the roots of the plantlets of two lines silenced for nppdr1 expression were clearly more sensitive than those of controls to the fungal pathogens botrytis cinerea ... | 2009 | 19694955 |
| synthesis and fungicidal activities of new 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. | a series of new acetohydrazone-containing 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized for the purpose of searching for novel agrochemicals with higher fungicidal activity. their in vitro fungicidal activities against rhizoctonia solani were evaluated, and the most promising compound, 2-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-2'-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]acetohydrazide (2-17), showed a lower ec(50) value (5.34 microg ml(-1)) than that of comm ... | 2009 | 19697344 |
| histone monoubiquitination1 interacts with a subunit of the mediator complex and regulates defense against necrotrophic fungal pathogens in arabidopsis. | this work examines the role of the arabidopsis thaliana ring e3 ligase, histone monoubiquitination1 (hub1) in disease resistance. loss-of-function alleles of hub1 show increased susceptibility to the necrotrophic fungal pathogens botrytis cinerea and alternaria brassicicola, whereas hub1 overexpression conferred resistance to b. cinerea. by contrast, responses to the bacterial pathogen pseudomonas syringae are unaltered in hub1 plants. hub1 mutants have thinner cell walls but increased callose a ... | 2009 | 19286969 |
| functional, genetic and chemical characterization of biosurfactants produced by plant growth-promoting pseudomonas putida 267. | plant growth-promoting pseudomonas putida strain 267, originally isolated from the rhizosphere of black pepper, produces biosurfactants that cause lysis of zoospores of the oomycete pathogen phytophthora capsici. the biosurfactants were characterized, the biosynthesis gene(s) partially identified, and their role in control of phytophthora damping-off of cucumber evaluated. | 2009 | 19302489 |
| cultural methods and environmental conditions affecting gray mold and its management in lisianthus. | gray mold, caused by botrytis cinerea, severely affects the base of the stems of lisianthus (eustoma grandiflorum) plants as well as the cut stems left after flowers are harvested. this study examined infection of lisianthus plants by b. cinerea under laboratory and commercial greenhouse production conditions typical for israel and evaluated cultural methods for manipulating disease development in commercial greenhouses. although the lower nodes of lisianthus stems are typically infected, in thi ... | 2009 | 19351252 |
| ph controls both transcription and post-translational processing of the protease bcacp1 in the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea. | during pathogenesis, the ascomycete botrytis cinerea secretes a range of cell-wall-degrading enzymes such as polygalacturonases, glucanases and proteases. we report the identification of a new member of the g1 family of proteases, bcacp1, which is secreted by b. cinerea during infection. the production of bcacp1 correlates with the acidification of the plant tissue, and transcriptional analysis of the bcacp1 gene showed that it is only expressed under acidic growth conditions. using a transcript ... | 2009 | 19359322 |
| effectiveness of control strategies against botrytis cinerea in vineyard and evaluation of the residual fungicide concentrations. | this investigation was undertaken to test different control strategies against botrytis cinerea vineyards. two commercial vineyards, "barbera" and "moscato," located in piedmont (northern italy) were divided into seven plots and treated with different combinations of fungicides including fenhexamid, pyrimethanil, fludioxonil + cyprodinil, iprodione, and boscalid, a new carboxamide compound. an integrated strategy including a chemical (pyrimethanil) and a biocontrol agent (trichoderma spp. t2/4ph ... | 2009 | 19365756 |
| mycobiota from cyclamen persicum and its interaction with botrytis cinerea. | sixty-six fungi isolated from cyclamen phylloplanes were identified and assessed in vitro for antagonism to b. cinerea on leaves, petals, petioles and peduncles. the estimation of pathogen conidial production was used as indicator of biocontrol ability of each of the strains. they were classified by cluster analysis resulting in four categories according to their behavior in the different organs. the most promising category included 34 isolates that significantly reduced pathogen inoculum in all ... | 2009 | 19397189 |
| mapping of loci from solanum lycopersicoides conferring resistance or susceptibility to botrytis cinerea in tomato. | cultivated tomato (solanum lycopersicum, syn. lycopersicon esculentum) is susceptible to the necrotrophic ascomycete and causal agent of gray mold, botrytis cinerea. resistance to this fungal pathogen is elevated in wild relatives of tomato, including solanum lycopersicoides. an introgression line population (il) containing chromosomal segments of s. lycopersicoides within the background of tomato cv. vf36 was used to screen the genome for foliar resistance and susceptibility to b. cinerea. base ... | 2009 | 19399472 |
| factors affecting the production of trichoderma harzianum secondary metabolites during the interaction with different plant pathogens. | strains of trichoderma spp. produce numerous bioactive secondary metabolites. the in vitro production and antibiotic activities of the major compounds synthesized by trichoderma harzianum strains t22 and t39 against leptosphaeria maculans, phytophthora cinnamomi and botrytis cinerea were evaluated. moreover, the eliciting effect of viable or nonviable biomasses of rhizoctonia solani, pythium ultimum or b. cinerea on the in vitro production of these metabolites was also investigated. | 2009 | 19413806 |
| proteomic analysis of the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea during cellulose degradation. | the ascomycete botrytis cinerea is a phytopathogenic fungus infecting and causing significant yield losses in a number of crops. moreover, in the last few years, b. cinerea has been adopted as an important model system in molecular phytopathology. in spite of these contributions, the molecular basis of the infection cycle remains unclear. proteomic approaches have revealed significant information about the infective cycle of several pathogens, including b. cinerea. the main aim of this study is ... | 2009 | 19415670 |
| abscisic acid negatively regulates elicitor-induced synthesis of capsidiol in wild tobacco. | in the solanaceae, biotic and abiotic elicitors induce de novo synthesis of sesquiterpenoid stress metabolites known as phytoalexins. because plant hormones play critical roles in the induction of defense-responsive genes, we have explored the effect of abscisic acid (aba) on the synthesis of capsidiol, the major wild tobacco (nicotiana plumbaginifolia) sesquiterpenoid phytoalexin, using wild-type plants versus nonallelic mutants npaba2 and npaba1 that are deficient in aba synthesis. npaba2 and ... | 2009 | 19420326 |
| induced proteome of trichoderma harzianum by botrytis cinerea. | as a notable biocontrol agent, trichoderma harzianum can antagonize a diverse array of phytopathogenic fungi, including botrytis cinerea, rhizoctonia solani and fusarium oxysporum. elucidating the biocontrol mechanism of t. harzianum in response to the pathogens enables it to be exploited in the control of plant diseases. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) was performed to obtain secreted protein patterns of t. harzianum ets 323, grown in media that contained glucose, a mixture of glucos ... | 2009 | 19422913 |
| phenolic acids determination by hplc-dad-esi/ms in sixteen different portuguese wild mushrooms species. | analysis of phenolic compounds in sixteen portuguese wild mushrooms species has been carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector and mass spectrometer (hplc-dad-esi/ms). no flavonoids were detected in the analysed samples, but diverse phenolic acids namely protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acids, and two vanillic acid isomers were found and quantified. a related non-phenolic compound, cinnamic acid, was also detected in some samples, b ... | 2009 | 19425182 |
| stilbene synthase gene transfer caused alterations in the phenylpropanoid metabolism of transgenic strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). | the gene encoding stilbene synthase is frequently used to modify plant secondary metabolism with the aim of producing the self-defence phytoalexin resveratrol. in this study, strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) was transformed with the ns-vitis3 gene encoding stilbene synthase from frost grape (vitis riparia) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s and the floral filament-specific fil1 promoters. changes in leaf metabolites were investigated with uplc-qtof-ms (ultra performance liquid ... | 2009 | 19443619 |
| characterisation of qoi-resistant field isolates of botrytis cinerea from citrus and strawberry. | in 2004, field isolates of botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr., resistant to strobilurin fungicides (qois), were first found in commercial citrus orchards in wakayama prefecture, japan. subsequently, qoi-resistant isolates of this fungus were also detected in plastic strawberry greenhouses in saga, ibaraki and chiba prefectures, japan. biological and molecular characterisation of resistant isolates was conducted in this study. | 2009 | 19444805 |
| nitric oxide as a partner of reactive oxygen species participates in disease resistance to nectrotophic pathogen botryis cinerea in nicotiana benthamiana. | nitric oxide (no) is an essential regulatory molecule in plant immunity in synergy with reactive oxygen species (ros). however, little is known about the role of no in disease resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. no and oxidative bursts were induced during necrotrophic fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea and nicotiana benthamiana compatible interaction. histochemical analyses showed that both no and ros were produced in adjacent cells of invaded areas in n. benthamiana leaves. activation of salicy ... | 2009 | 19445587 |
| antifungal activity from polar and non-polar extracts of some chenopodiaceae wild species growing in tunisia. | nine plants belonging to chenopodiaceae family were collected around salt marshes near monastir, located in the east mediterranean coast of tunisia. they were tested for their antifungal activities against six plant pathogenic fungi: botrytis cinerea, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, f. solani f. sp. cucurbitae, phytophthora cactorum, rhizoctonia solani and nattrassia mangiferae. data of this study showed that the highest inhibition of botrytis cinerea growth was observed with the petroleum eth ... | 2009 | 19452345 |
| improving the catalytic performance of fungal laccases in monoterpene-based reaction systems. | ternary systems consisting of monoterpenes (alpha-pinene or d-limonene), tert-butanol and water were used as reaction media to enhance the catalytic performance of laccases from various fungi sources (trametes versicolor, t. hirsuta and botrytis cinerea). the enzymes had improved catalytic efficiency (5- to 10-fold) in alpha-pinene-rich environment, while optimal reaction rates were in high-water content systems (15.5% v/v). the stability of laccases was significantly improved in monoterpene-bas ... | 2009 | 19458921 |
| ripening-regulated susceptibility of tomato fruit to botrytis cinerea requires nor but not rin or ethylene. | fruit ripening is a developmental process that is associated with increased susceptibility to the necrotrophic pathogen botrytis cinerea. histochemical observations demonstrate that unripe tomato (solanum lycopersicum) fruit activate pathogen defense responses, but these responses are attenuated in ripe fruit infected by b. cinerea. tomato fruit ripening is regulated independently and cooperatively by ethylene and transcription factors, including non-ripening (nor) and ripening-inhibitor (rin). ... | 2009 | 19465579 |
| biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene botrydial in botrytis cinerea. mechanism and stereochemistry of the enzymatic formation of presilphiperfolan-8beta-ol. | presilphiperfolan-8beta-ol synthase, encoded by the bcbot2 gene from the necrotrophic plant pathogen botrytis cinerea, catalyzes the multistep cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate (2) to the tricyclic sesquiterpene alcohol presilphiperfolan-8beta-ol (3), the preursor of the phytotoxin botrydial, a strain-dependent fungal virulence factor. incubation of (1r)-[1-(2)h]farnesyl diphosphate (2b) with recombinant presilphiperfolan-8beta-ol synthase gave exclusively (5r)-[5alpha-(2)h]-3b, while compleme ... | 2009 | 19476353 |
| global antifungal profile optimization of chlorophenyl derivatives against botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | twenty-two aromatic derivatives bearing a chlorine atom and a different chain in the para or meta position were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungi botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides. the results showed that maximum inhibition of the growth of these fungi was exhibited for enantiomers s and r of 1-(4'-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylethanol (3 and 4). furthermore, their antifungal activity showed a clear structure-activity relati ... | 2009 | 19489624 |
| dynamic carbon transfer during pathogenesis of sunflower by the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea: from plant hexoses to mannitol. | the main steps for carbon acquisition and conversion by botrytis cinerea during pathogenesis of sunflower cotyledon were investigated here. a sequential view of soluble carbon metabolites detected by nmr spectroscopy during infection is presented. disappearance of plant hexoses and their conversion to fungal metabolites were investigated by expression analysis of an extended gene family of hexose transporters (bchxts) and of the mannitol pathway, using quantitative pcr. in order to analyse the m ... | 2009 | 19500266 |
| in vitro antifungal activity of the diterpenoid 7 alpha-hydroxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid and its derivatives against botrytis cinerea. | we investigated the inhibitory effect of the natural diterpenoids, 7alpha-hydroxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid (salvic acid, 1), 7alpha-acetanoyloxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid (acetylsalvic acid, 2) and the hemisynthetic diterpenoids 7alpha-acyloxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acids derivatives, 7alpha-propanoyloxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid (propanoylsalvic acid, 3), 7alpha-butanoyloxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid (butanoylsalvic acid, 4) and 7alpha-isopentanoyloxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid (isopentanoylsalvic acid, ... | 2009 | 19512998 |
| evaluation of food additives as alternative or complementary chemicals to conventional fungicides for the control of major postharvest diseases of stone fruit. | to evaluate potential alternatives to conventional fungicides to control decay, more than 20 food additives and generally regarded as safe compounds were tested at three concentrations in in vivo primary screenings with several cultivars of california peaches, nectarines, and plums that had been artificially inoculated with seven major postharvest pathogens: monilinia fructicola, botrytis cinerea, geotrichum candidum, alternaria alternata, penicillium expansum, mucor piriformis, and rhizopus sto ... | 2009 | 19517732 |
| internal contamination and spoilage of harvested apples by patulin-producing and other toxigenic fungi. | a total of 424 apple samples comprised of six varieties (gala, red delicious, golden delicious, fuji, granny smith, and braeburn) were analyzed for internal fungal contamination. two hundred sixteen apples were incubated intact for 2-4 weeks at room temperature. the cores of the remaining 208 apples were aseptically removed and incubated without supplemental media at room temperature for 3 weeks. after the incubation period was over, the mycological profiles of the analyzed samples were determin ... | 2009 | 19524316 |
| a proteomic study of pectin-degrading enzymes secreted by botrytis cinerea grown in liquid culture. | botrytis cinerea is a pathogenic filamentous fungus, which infects more than 200 plant species. the enzymes secreted by b. cinerea play an important role in the successful colonization of a host plant. some of the secreted enzymes are involved in the degradation of pectin, a major component of the plant cell wall. a total of 126 proteins secreted by b. cinerea were identified by growing the fungus on highly or partially esterified pectin, or on sucrose in liquid culture. sixty-seven common prote ... | 2009 | 19526562 |
| monoclonal antibody generation and direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay evaluation for the analysis of the fungicide fenhexamid in must and wine. | fenhexamid is a common fungicide used to fight botrytis infections in a great variety of plant crops, particularly in vineyards. in this study, high-affinity and specific monoclonal antibodies against fenhexamid were produced for the first time, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the antibody-coated direct competitive format was developed. the derivative 4-[2,3-dichloro-4-(1-methylcyclohexanecarboxamido)phenoxy]butanoic acid, with a carboxylic spacer arm attached to the phenolic ... | 2009 | 19530708 |
| a defensin from tomato with dual function in defense and development. | defensins are antimicrobial peptides that are part of the innate immune system, contributing to the first line of defense against invading pathogens. defensins and defensin-like peptides are functionally diverse, disrupting microbial membranes and acting as ligands for cellular recognition and signaling. here we show that the tomato defensin def2 is expressed during early flower development. defensin mrna abundance, peptide expression and processing are differentially regulated in developing flo ... | 2009 | 19533379 |
| botrytis cinerea isolates collected from grapes present different requirements for conidia germination. | botrytis cinerea presents high variability in several biological traits, which can be explained by the high degree of genotypic diversity among isolates. because this genetic variability might be related to phenotypic differences the requirements for conidia germination of three natural isolates (g1, g5 and g11) obtained from grapes and belonging to the same genetic group were analyzed. the results showed that contact with a solid surface was a common requisite for conidia germination of the iso ... | 2009 | 19537202 |
| brazilian mycobiota of the aquatic weed sagittaria montevidensis. | nine species of fungi on the aquatic weed sagittaria montevidensis (arrowhead) in southern and southeastern brazil were collected, identified, described and illustrated in a survey for possible biological control agents against this weed. seven of them are anamorphic fungi, alternaria alternata, botrytis cinerea, cercospora apii, cercospora sagittariae, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, plectosporium alismatis and pseudocercospora arthrospora, and two smut fungi, doassansiopsis deformans and naras ... | 2009 | 19537213 |
| tetra primer arms-pcr for identification of snp in beta-tubulin of botrytis cinerea, responsible of resistance to benzimidazole. | a competitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique called tetra primer amplification refractory mutation system (arms) pcr was adapted to identify a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) in beta-tubulin gene of botrytis cinerea. over the 35 isolates analyzed, six of them showed a snp in that gene, which was readily identified by the technique and in the six cases correspond to the resistant strain. | 2009 | 19539666 |
| independent responses to ultraviolet radiation and herbivore attack in broccoli. | the plant responses to ultraviolet-b radiation (uv-b) and to insect herbivory are believed to be partially similar. in this study, responses to these factors were investigated in the crop species broccoli (brassica oleracea l. convar. botrytis, brassicaceae). plants were first grown under three uv-b regimes (80%, 23%, and 4% transmittance of ambient uv-b) in greenhouses covered with either innovative materials (high and medium transmittance) or conventional glass (low transmittance). half of the ... | 2009 | 19542197 |
| synthetic ultrashort cationic lipopeptides induce systemic plant defense responses against bacterial and fungal pathogens. | a new family of synthetic, membrane-active, ultrashort lipopeptides composed of only four amino acids linked to fatty acids was tested for the ability to induce systemic resistance and defense responses in plants. we found that two peptides wherein the third residue is a d-enantiomer (italic), c16-kkkk and c16-kllk, can induce medium alkalinization of tobacco suspension-cultured cells and expression of defense-related genes in cucumber and arabidopsis seedlings. moreover, these compounds can pri ... | 2009 | 19542326 |
| isolation of a thermostable legume chitinase and study on the antifungal activity. | chitinases are listed as one class of pathogenesis-related proteins, and they have become a popular research topic because of their resistance to plant-pathogenic diseases. a chitinase with antifungal activity was isolated from the canadian cranberry beans (phaseolus vulgaris). the procedure included extraction, ammonium sulfate precipitation, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, cm-sephadex c-50, and sephadex g-75. there was an almost 108-fold increase in specific activity of the purif ... | 2009 | 19547968 |
| antifungal activity of che-23c, a dimeric sesquiterpene from chloranthus henryi. | an antifungal compound was isolated from methanol extracts of stems and roots of chloranthus henryi hemsl. using ethyl acetate extraction and various chromatographic techniques. on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including mass and various nmr, the structure of the compound was identified as a dimeric sesquiterpene, che-23c. the compound showed potent antifungal activities (mics = 1-32 microg/ml) in vitro against various phytopathogenic fungi such as alternaria kikuchiana , botrytis cinerea ... | 2009 | 19566082 |
| screen-printed immunosensor modified with carbon nanotubes in a continuous-flow system for the botrytis cinerea determination in apple tissues. | botrytis cinerea is a plant-pathogenic fungus that produces the disease known as grey mould in a wide variety of agriculturally important hosts in many countries. this paper describes the development of an immunosensor coupled to carbon-based screen-printed electrodes (spce) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cnts), which show a rapid and sensitive determination of b. cinerea in apple tissues (red-delicious) using a competitive immunoassay method. both the infected plant tissue sample ... | 2009 | 19576430 |
| single nucleotide polymorphism-based diagnostic system for crop-associated sclerotinia species. | a molecular diagnostic system using single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) was developed to identify four sclerotinia species: s. sclerotiorum (lib.) de bary, s. minor jagger, s. trifoliorum erikss., and the undescribed species sclerotinia species 1. dnas of samples are hybridized with each of five 15-bp oligonucleotide probes containing an snp site midsequence unique to each species. for additional verification, hybridizations were performed using diagnostic single nucleotide substitutions at a ... | 2009 | 19581480 |
| an r2r3-type transcription factor gene atmyb59 regulates root growth and cell cycle progression in arabidopsis. | myb proteins play important roles in eukaryotic organisms. in plants, the r1r2r3-type myb proteins function in cell cycle control. however, whether the r2r3-type myb protein is also involved in the cell division process remains unknown. here, we report that an r2r3-type transcription factor gene, atmyb59, is involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and root growth. the atmyb59 protein is localized in the nuclei of onion epidermal cells and has transactivation activity. expression of ... | 2009 | 19581938 |
| does botrytis cinerea ignore h(2)o(2)-induced oxidative stress during infection? characterization of botrytis activator protein 1. | botrytis cinerea is a phytopathogen infecting a broad range of plants including strawberries and grapevine. during infection, the necrotrophic fungus is exposed to reactive oxygen species (ros) released by the oxidative burst, an early plant defense reaction. b. cinerea even produces ros itself in planta. this raises questions about how the pathogen senses and responds to the host defense reaction and which role the pathogen's oxidative stress response systems play. functional analysis of the ap ... | 2009 | 19589074 |
| the thpg1 endopolygalacturonase is required for the trichoderma harzianum-plant beneficial interaction. | considering the complexity of the in vivo interactions established by a mycoparasitic biocontrol agent at the plant rhizosphere, proteomic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches were used to study a novel trichoderma gene coding for a plant cell wall (pcw)-degrading enzyme. a proteome analysis, using a three-component (trichoderma spp.-tomato plantlets-pathogen) system, allowed us to identify a differentially expressed trichoderma harzianum endopolygalacturonase (endopg). spot 0303 remarkably i ... | 2009 | 19589077 |
| metabolism of fungicidal cyanooximes, cymoxanil and analogues in various strains of botrytis cinerea. | the metabolism of cymoxanil [1-(2-cyano-2-methoxyiminoacetyl)-3-ethylurea] and fungicidal cyanooxime analogues was monitored on three phenotypes of botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr. differing in their sensitivity towards cymoxanil. for this purpose, labelled [2-(14)c]cymoxanil was added either to the culture medium of these strains or to its cell-free extract. | 2009 | 18951412 |
| a generic theoretical model for biological control of foliar plant diseases. | we have developed a generic modelling framework to understand the dynamics of foliar pathogen and biocontrol agent (bca) populations in order to predict the likelihood of successful biocontrol in relation to the mechanisms involved. the model considers biocontrol systems for foliar pathogens only and, although it is most applicable to fungal bca systems, does not address a specific biocontrol system. four biocontrol mechanisms (competition, antibiosis, mycoparasitism and induced resistance) were ... | 2009 | 18983855 |
| nonenzymatic oxidation of trienoic fatty acids contributes to reactive oxygen species management in arabidopsis. | in higher plants such as arabidopsis thaliana, omega-3 trienoic fatty acids (tfas), represented mainly by alpha-linolenic acid, serve as precursors of jasmonic acid (ja), a potent lipid signal molecule essential for defense. the ja-independent roles of tfas were investigated by comparing the tfa- and ja-deficient fatty acid desaturase triple mutant (fad3-2 fad7-2 fad8 (fad3 fad7 fad8)) with the aos (allene oxide synthase) mutant that contains tfas but is ja-deficient. when challenged with the fu ... | 2009 | 18996838 |
| cold induced botrytis cinerea enolase (bcenol-1) functions as a transcriptional regulator and is controlled by camp. | botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal plant pathogen that can survive, grow and infect crops under cold stress. in an attempt to understand the molecular mechanisms leading to cold tolerance of this phytopathogen, we identified an enolase, bcenol-1. bcenol-1 encodes a 48 kda protein that shows high identity to yeast, arabidopsis and human enolases (72, 63 and 63%, respectively). northern analysis confirms that an increase in transcript abundance of bcenol-1 was observed when b. cinerea mycel ... | 2009 | 19011901 |
| bacterial rhamnolipids are novel mamps conferring resistance to botrytis cinerea in grapevine. | rhamnolipids produced by the bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa are known as very efficient biosurfactant molecules. they are used for a wide range of industrial applications, especially in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical formulations as well as in bioremediation of pollutants. in this paper, the role of rhamnolipids as novel molecules triggering defence responses and protection against the fungus botrytis cinerea in grapevine is presented. the effect of rhamnolipids was assessed in grapevine us ... | 2009 | 19021887 |
| an important role of a bahd acyl transferase-like protein in plant innate immunity. | salicylic acid (sa) is an important regulator of plant resistance to biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic pathogens. the enhanced pseudomonas susceptibility 1 (eps1) mutant in arabidopsis thaliana is hypersusceptible to both virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterial pathogen pseudomonas syringae. through positional cloning, the eps1 gene was isolated and found to encode a novel member of the bahd acyltransferase superfamily. pathogen-induced accumulation of sa and expression of pathogenesis-rela ... | 2009 | 19036031 |
| nested pcr-rflp is a high-speed method to detect fungicide-resistant botrytis cinerea at an early growth stage of grapes. | grey mould caused by the fungus botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr. is one of the major diseases in grapes. the use of fungicides is a simple strategy to protect grapes against b. cinerea disease. however, phenotypes exhibiting resistance to fungicides have been detected in b. cinerea populations. the variation of fungicide-resistant b. cinerea isolates renders b. cinerea disease control difficult in grapevine fields. | 2009 | 19051204 |
| effects on perceived air quality and symptoms of exposure to microbially produced metabolites and compounds emitted from damp building materials. | this work investigated perceived air quality and health effects from exposure to low to high levels of volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted from damp building materials and a mixture of molds growing on the materials. a mixture of wallemia sebi, fusarium culmorum, penicillium chrysogenum, ulocladium botrytis, and aspergillus versicolor was inoculated on pine wood and particle board. in study 1, each of 27 participants took part in two exposure conditions, one with air from molds growing on ... | 2009 | 19077173 |
| myb108 acts together with myb24 to regulate jasmonate-mediated stamen maturation in arabidopsis. | in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), jasmonate is a key signal required for stamen and pollen maturation and thus for male fertility. using transcriptional profiling, we have previously identified a set of 13 transcription factors that are proposed to be involved in controlling jasmonate responses in stamens. this finding suggests that a transcriptional cascade regulates the many developmental and biochemical pathways required to ensure fertility; however, the organization of this cascade is c ... | 2009 | 19091873 |
| rna silencing is required for arabidopsis defence against verticillium wilt disease. | rna silencing is a conserved mechanism in eukaryotes that plays an important role in various biological processes including regulation of gene expression. rna silencing also plays a role in genome stability and protects plants against invading nucleic acids such as transgenes and viruses. recently, rna silencing has been found to play a role in defence against bacterial plant pathogens in arabidopsis through modulating host defence responses. in this study, it is shown that gene silencing plays ... | 2009 | 19098131 |
| role of the botrytis cinerea fkbp12 ortholog in pathogenic development and in sulfur regulation. | the functional characterization of the fkbp12 encoding gene from the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea was carried out. b. cinerea genome sequence owns a single ortholog, named bcfkbp12, encoding a fk506-binding protein of 12kda. bcfkbp12 mediates rapamycin sensitivity both in b. cinerea and in saccharomyces cerevisiae, a property unique to fkbp12 proteins, probably via the inhibition of the protein kinase tor (target of rapamycin). the relative abundance of the prolyl isomerase appeared t ... | 2009 | 19116175 |
| mycofumigation with oxyporus latemarginatus ef069 for control of postharvest apple decay and rhizoctonia root rot on moth orchid. | to characterize the volatile antifungal compound produced by oxyporus latemarginatus ef069 and to examine in vitro and in vivo fumigation activity of the fungus. | 2009 | 19120615 |
| diversity of serine hydrolase activities of unchallenged and botrytis-infected arabidopsis thaliana. | activity-based protein profiling is a powerful method to display enzyme activities in proteomes and provides crucial information on enzyme activity rather than protein or transcript abundance. we applied activity-based protein profiling using fluorophosphonate-based probes to display the activities of ser hydrolases in the model plant arabidopsis thaliana. multidimensional protein identification technology and in-gel analysis of fluorophosphonate-labeled leaf extracts revealed over 50 ser hydrol ... | 2009 | 19136719 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of botrytis cinerea secretome. | botrytis cinerea (b. cinerea) is a filamentous fungus infecting more than 200 plant species, causing significant economic losses worldwide. secreted proteins are released as an initial response of the fungus to its plant host. we report the use of a high-throughput lc-ms/ms approach to analyze b. cinerea bo5.10 secreted proteins. secretions were collected from fungus grown on a solid substrate of cellophane membrane while mock infecting media supplemented with the extract of full red tomato, rip ... | 2009 | 19140674 |
| crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress responses in tomato is mediated by the aim1 transcription factor. | plants deploy diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms to survive in stressful environments. the tomato (solanum lycopersicum) abscisic acid-induced myb1 (slaim1) gene encoding an r2r3myb transcription factor is induced by pathogens, plant hormones, salinity and oxidative stress, suggesting a function in pathogen and abiotic stress responses. tomato slaim1 rna interference (rnai) plants with reduced slaim1 gene expression show an increased susceptibility to the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cine ... | 2009 | 19143995 |
| pomegranin, an antifungal peptide from pomegranate peels. | a new antifungal peptide designated as pomegranin, with an n-terminal sequence resembling that of rice disease resistance nb-s-lrr-like protein, was isolated from fresh pomegranate peels by ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on superdex 75. pomegranin was unadsorbed on deae-cellulose but adsorbed on affi-gel blue gel. it exhibited a molecular mass of 11 kda in both gel filtration an ... | 2009 | 19149678 |
| quantification of several 4-alkyl substituted gamma-lactones in australian wines. | stable isotope dilution assays have been developed for gamma-octalactone (1), gamma-nonalactone (2), gamma-decalactone (3) and gamma-dodecalactone (4) in both white and red wines for the first time. (2)h(7)-analogues of each lactone were prepared for use as internal standards via a strategy employing ring-opening, esterification and oxidation of the respective starting lactones. the methods were shown to be highly accurate and reproducible (r(2) > or = 0.999; sd < or = 1%). a large selection of ... | 2009 | 19154158 |
| the abc transporter bcatrb from botrytis cinerea exports camalexin and is a virulence factor on arabidopsis thaliana. | arabidopsis thaliana is known to produce the phytoalexin camalexin in response to abiotic and biotic stress. here we studied the mechanisms of tolerance to camalexin in the fungus botrytis cinerea, a necrotrophic pathogen of a. thaliana. exposure of b. cinerea to camalexin induces expression of bcatrb, an abc transporter that functions in the efflux of fungitoxic compounds. b. cinerea inoculated on wild-type a. thaliana plants yields smaller lesions than on camalexin-deficient a. thaliana mutant ... | 2009 | 19154205 |
| rapid change in the genetic diversity of botrytis cinerea populations after the introduction of strains in a tomato glasshouse. | in tomato glasshouses, the population structure of airborne inoculum of botrytis cinerea depends on the production of endogenous inoculum on diseased plants as well as on incoming exogenous inoculum. both types of inocula may contribute differently to the development of epidemics. two strains of b. cinerea were introduced in each of four separate compartments of an experimental tomato glasshouse. we monitored their impact on disease development and on the genetic diversity of b. cinerea populati ... | 2009 | 19159311 |
| transcript profiling of oilseed rape (brassica napus) primed for biocontrol differentiate genes involved in microbial interactions with beneficial bacillus amyloliquefaciens from pathogenic botrytis cinerea. | many microorganisms interact with plants but information is insufficient concerning requirements for plant colonization and if interactions become beneficial or detrimental. pretreatment of oilseed rape (brassica napus) with bacillus results in disease suppression upon challenge with pathogens. we have studied transcriptome effects on oilseed rape primed with the bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5113 biocontrol strain and compared that with effects of the fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea. using the cd ... | 2009 | 19184461 |
| biological control of grey mould in strawberry fruits by halophilic bacteria. | grey mould caused by botrytis cinerea is an economically important disease of strawberries in tunisia and worldwide. the aim of this study was to select effective halophilic bacteria from hypersaline ecosystems and evaluate the abilities of antifungal bacteria to secrete extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, anti-botrytis metabolites and volatiles. | 2009 | 19191973 |
| synthesis and quantitative structure-antifungal activity relationships of clovane derivatives against botrytis cinerea. | twenty-three clovane derivatives, nine described here for the first time, bearing substituents on carbon c-2, have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea. the results showed that compounds 9, 14, 16, and 18 bearing nitrogen atoms in the chain attached at c-2 displayed potent antifungal activity, whereas mercapto derivatives 13, 19, and 22 displayed low activity. the antifungal activity showed a clear structure-act ... | 2009 | 19220016 |
| surface lipids and plant defenses. | the major function of the plant epidermis is to form the cuticle, a functional permeability barrier of the cell wall which prevents excessive water loss and the entry of harmful substances and pathogens into the host. this type of cell wall modification is mainly composed of a polyester matrix, cutin, and soluble waxes embedded in the matrix and deposited on the external surface. cuticle-associated proteins may also be important. recent observations are starting to reveal complex inter-relations ... | 2009 | 19230697 |
| overexpression of brassica napus mpk4 enhances resistance to sclerotinia sclerotiorum in oilseed rape. | sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes a highly destructive disease in oilseed rape (brassica napus) resulting in significant economic losses. studies on the arabidopsis thaliana mpk4 loss-of-function mutant have implicated that atmpk4 is involved in plant defense regulation, and its effect on disease resistance varies in different plant-pathogen interactions. in this study, we isolated a b. napus mitogen-activated protein kinase, bnmpk4, and found that bnmpk4 along with pdf1.2 are inducible in resista ... | 2009 | 19245318 |
| microbial conversion and in vitro and in vivo antifungal assessment of bioconverted docosahexaenoic acid (bdha) used against agricultural plant pathogenic fungi. | microbial modification of polyunsaturated fatty acids can often lead to special changes in their structure and in biological potential. therefore, the aim of this study was to develop potential antifungal agents through the microbial conversion of docosahexaenoic acid (dha). bioconverted oil extract of docosahexaenoic acid (bdha), obtained from the microbial conversion of docosahexaenoic acid (dha) by pseudomonas aeruginosa pr3, was assessed for its in vitro and in vivo antifungal potential. myc ... | 2009 | 19259715 |