Publications

pharmacokinetics and anticoagulant properties of the factor viia-tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 following subcutaneous administration in man. dependence on the stoichiometric binding to circulating factor x.	recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent (k(i) =10 pm), inhibitor of the factor viia/tissue factor (fviia/tf) complex that requires the prerequisite binding to zymogen or activated factor x (fx). in two double blind, place-bo-controlled, sequential dose-escalation phase i studies, rnapc2 was found to be safe and well tolerated following single and repeat subcutaneous administrations in healthy human male volunteers at doses ranging from 0.3 to 5 micro g/kg. there was a ...	2003	14597974
virology. new vaccine and treatment excite ebola researchers.		2003	14615510
treatment of ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor: a study in rhesus monkeys.	infection with the ebola virus induces overexpression of the procoagulant tissue factor in primate monocytes and macrophages, suggesting that inhibition of the tissue-factor pathway could ameliorate the effects of ebola haemorrhagic fever. here, we tested the notion that blockade of fviia/tissue factor is beneficial after infection with ebola virus.	2003	14683653
effect of lead and ancylostomiasis on phosphatases of heart in swiss albino mice.	administration of 0.01 and 0.1 mg of lead nitrate for 4 and 7 days and infection of ancylostoma caninum larvae orally altered the activation of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in the hearts of mice when compared to infected animals and controls. alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly in all drug-treated + infected mice. the level of acid phosphatase decreased significantly in mice exposed to chronic doses of lead. the altered levels of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosp ...	2002	12568465
vertical migration by the infective larvae of three species of parasitic nematodes: is the behaviour really a response to gravity?	vertical migration by infective larvae (l3) of 3 species of nematodes was investigated. upright truncated agarose cones were used to test upward migration, and comparable truncated cone-shaped agarose hollows were used to test downward migration. flat agarose plates were control surfaces. when placed at the bases of upright cones, 74% of ancylostoma caninum l3 migrated up, whereas only 16.5% migrated down the indented cones; this latter value was not significantly different from larval migration ...	2002	12553574
inhibition of factor viia/tissue factor with nematode anticoagulant protein c2: from unique mechanism to a promising new clinical anticoagulant.	recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent (k(i) = 10 pm) inhibitor of the factor viia/tissue factor complex (fviia/tf) that involves the pre-requisite binding to either zymogen or activated factor x (fx) prior to the formation of the final quaternary complex with fviia/tf. the formation of the binary complex with circulating fx governs the pharmacokinetic profile of rnapc2 in humans, resulting in a prolonged elimination half-life of >50 h. the clinical antithrombotic pot ...	2002	12536118
response to carbon dioxide by the infective larvae of three species of parasitic nematodes.	the response of infective third-stage larvae (l3) of three species of parasitic nematodes, ancylostoma caninum, strongyloides stercoralis, and haemonchus contortus to carbon dioxide (co(2)) at physiological concentrations was investigated. l3 of the skin-penetrating species, a. caninum and s. stercoralis, were stimulated by co(2) at the concentration found in human breath (3.3-4%); these larvae responded by crawling actively, but not directionally. crawling was not stimulated by breath passed th ...	2002	11880227
time-dependent reversal of sepsis-induced pmn uptake and lung vascular injury by expression of cd18 antagonist.	we determined the time-dependent effects of conditional expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a specific 41-kda cd18 integrin antagonist, on the time course of nif expression and lung pmn (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) infiltration and vascular injury in a model of escherichia coli-induced sepsis in mice. studies were made in mice transduced with the e-selectin (es) promoter-nif construct (using liposomes) in which the nif cdna was driven by the inflammation- and endothelial cell-spec ...	2002	11880306
delineation of the key amino acids involved in neutrophil inhibitory factor binding to the i-domain supports a mosaic model for the capacity of integrin alphambeta 2 to recognize multiple ligands.	to gain insight into the mechanism by which the alpha(m)i-domain of integrin alpha(m)beta(2) interacts with multiple and unrelated ligands, the identity of the neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) recognition site was sought. a systematic strategy in which individual amino acid residues within three previously implicated segments were changed to those in the alpha(l)i-domain, which is structurally very similar but does not bind nif, was implemented. the capacity of the resulting mutants, expressed ...	2002	11880366
one confirmed and six suspected cases of cutaneous larva migrans caused by overseas infection with dog hookworm larvae.	cutaneous larva migrans (clm) is characterized as creeping eruption/serpiginous erythema and/or mobile erythematous induration on the skin. in japan, gnathostoma spp. are the most well known pathogens causing clm, especially the creeping eruption type. recently, spirurina type x larvae have been added to the list of causative agents for creeping eruption in japan. here we report one confirmed and 6 suspected cases of creeping eruption caused by infection with dog hookworm larvae. the patients we ...	2002	11890293
a developmentally regulated metalloprotease secreted by host-stimulated ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae is a member of the astacin family of proteases.		2002	11897134
nematode anticoagulant protein c2 reveals a site on factor xa that is important for macromolecular substrate binding to human prothrombinase.	the binding of recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (napc2) to either factor x or xa is a requisite step in the pathway for the potent inhibition of viia tissue factor. we have used napc2 as a tight binding probe of human xa to investigate protein substrate recognition by the human prothrombinase complex. napc2 binds with high affinity (k(d) approximately 1 nm) to both x and xa in a way that does not require or occlude the active site of the enzyme. in contrast, napc2 is a tight binding ...	2002	12011050
cutaneous larva migrans with parts of the larva in the epidermis.	creeping eruption is usually caused by hookworms, most commonly ancylostoma braziliensis and ancylostoma caninum. because lesions of cutaneous larva migrans have a typical clinical appearance, they are rarely biopsied. specimens usually show spongiotic dermatitis with spongiotic vesicles containing neutrophils and eosinophils and a mixed-cell dermal infiltrate with numerous eosinophils. we report a case with parts of the larva migrans in the epidermis on histologic examination.	2002	12041816
a cathepsin l protease essential for caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis is functionally conserved in parasitic nematodes.	proteolytic enzymes are involved in processes important to development and survival of many organisms. parasite proteases are considered potential targets of parasite control yet, for most, their precise physiological functions are unknown. validation of potential targets requires analysis of function. we have recently identified a cathepsin l (cpl) cysteine protease, ce-cpl-1, which is essential for embryonic development of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. we now show that cpl g ...	2002	12076767
evolution of glycoprotein hormone subunit genes in bilateral metazoa: identification of two novel human glycoprotein hormone subunit family genes, gpa2 and gpb5.	the canonical members of the human glycoprotein hormone subunit family of cystine knot-forming polypeptides include the common alpha-subunit, and four beta-subunit genes, fshbeta, lhbeta, tshbeta, and hcgbeta. using pairwise sequence analysis of the complete human genome, we have identified two novel glycoprotein hormone subunit-related genes. based on unique sequence similarity to the alpha- and beta-subunits of glycoprotein hormones, they were named glycoprotein-alpha2 (gpa2) and glycoprotein- ...	2002	12089349
molecular cloning and purification of ac-tmp, a developmentally regulated putative tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease released in relative abundance by adult ancylostoma hookworms.	a cdna encoding a putative tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease was cloned from an ancylostoma caninum adult hookworm cdna library by immunoscreening with anti-hookworm secretory products antiserum. ac-tmp (a. caninum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase) is encoded by a 480-bp mrna with a predicted open reading frame of 140 amino acids (molecular weight, 16,100 da) that contains one potential n-linked glycosylation site and an n-terminal cys-x-cys consensus sequence. the open reading frame corr ...	2002	12139214
helminths in dogs from a peri-urban resource-limited community in free state province, south africa.	this study focused on the helminth parasites of dogs in the bloemfontein area of the free state province of south africa. samples were collected from 63 stray dogs destined for euthanasia. complete sets of samples, consisting of blood, faeces, adhesive tape swabs and organs (heart, lungs and complete gastro-intestinal tract) from each dog were examined for helminth parasites. dipylidium caninum was the most common helminth, and was recovered from 44% of dogs, followed by taenia spp. (33%), toxas ...	2002	12163245
effect of vaccinations with recombinant fusion proteins on ancylostoma caninum habitat selection in the canine intestine.	laboratory dogs were vaccinated subcutaneously with 3 different recombinant fusion proteins, each precipitated with alum or calcium phosphate. the vaccinated dogs were then challenged orally with 400 third-stage infective larvae (l3) of the canine hookworm, ancylostoma caninum. the 3 a. caninum antigens selected were ac-tmp, an adult-specific secreted tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases; ac-ap, an adult-specific secreted factor xa serine protease inhibitor anticoagulant; and ac-arr-1, a catheps ...	2002	12197114
influence of parasitic life style on the patterns of codon usage and base frequencies of ancylostoma and necator species.	parametric analyses were used to investigate the nucleotide, codon, and amino acid composition of coding sequences corresponding to hook-worms. ancylostoma caninum and necator americanus. although genomic research has become prevalent within the scientific community, few studies have dealt directly with parasitic species. parasites have existed throughout the history of mankind due to their wide range of distribution in nature and their ability to evade immune detection. an at nucleotide bias wa ...	2002	12214942
improved detection of endoparasite dna in soil sample pcr by the use of anti-inhibitory substances.	although there have been numerous microbial examinations of soil for the presence of human pathogenic developmental parasite stages of ancylostoma caninum and toxocara canis, molecular techniques (e.g. dna extraction, purification and subsequent pcr) have scarcely been applied. here, dna preparations of soil samples artificially contaminated with genomic dna or parasite eggs were examined by pcr. a. caninum and t. canis-specific primers based on the its-2 sequence were used for amplification. af ...	2002	12237140
recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, a novel inhibitor of tissue factor-factor viia activity, abrogates endotoxin-induced coagulation in chimpanzees.	systemic activation of coagulation leading to disseminated intra-vascular coagulation (dic) is an important feature in patients with severe sepsis. tissue factor has been shown to play a primary role in this pathological response, as revealed by the use of specific inhibitors and antagonists of the tissue factor/factor viia pathway. this class of agents has been demonstrated to attenuate the coagulation response in human volunteers with induced low-grade endotoxemia and to reduce mortality in pr ...	2002	12362234
a novel cathepsin b active site motif is shared by helminth bloodfeeders.	this study compared specific protein sequence motifs present within cathepsin b-like cysteine proteases from a number of helminth parasites. we have focused our efforts on cathepsin b-like proteases of haemonchus contortus, caenorhabditis elegans, schistosoma mansoni, schistosoma japonicum, ostertagia ostertagi, and ancylostoma caninum. the goal of this work is to correlate specific features, or proposed roles, of the cathepsin b-like proteases with primary sequence motifs discovered within the ...	2002	12427461
characterization of a recombinant immunodiagnostic antigen (nie) from strongyloides stercoralis l3-stage larvae.	due to the process of internal autoinfection, even chronic asymptomatic infections with strongyloides stercoralis have the potential to become severe disseminated disease with fatal outcome. intermittent and scanty larval excretion makes parasitologic diagnosis difficult. serodiagnosis is helpful, but antigen preparation from infective larvae requires access to patients or immunosuppressed experimental animals. for these reasons, attention has turned to recombinant antigens for immunodiagnosis. ...	2002	12467975
molecular characterization of ancylostoma inhibitors of coagulation factor xa. hookworm anticoagulant activity in vitro predicts parasite bloodfeeding in vivo.	bloodfeeding hookworms, which currently infect over a billion people in the developing world, are a leading cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. the major anticoagulant inhibitor of coagulation factor xa has been identified from the hookworm parasite ancylostoma ceylanicum using reverse transcription pcr and 3'-rapid amplification of cdna ends. this is the first anticoagulant cloned from a hookworm species for which humans are recognized permissive hosts. despite appr ...	2002	11741914
molecular cloning and characterization of ac-mep-1, a developmentally regulated gut luminal metalloendopeptidase from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms.	a zinc metalloendopeptidase cdna (ac-mep-1) was cloned from ancylostoma caninum adult hookworms. ac-mep-1 is encoded by a 2.8 kb mrna with a predicted open reading frame (orf) of 870 amino acids (predicted pi=5.5, m.w.=98.7 kda) that contains four potential n-linked glycosylation sites and predicted zinc-binding domains (hexxh and enxadxgg). these domains represent signature sequences of the neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (neprilysin) family of enzymes. the orf corresponding to ac-mep-1 exhibited s ...	2002	11755191
single-strand conformation polymorphism-based analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 reveals significant substructuring in hookworm populations.	sequence heterogeneity in a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (pcox1) was measured for the hookworms, ancylostoma caninum from australia, a. duodenale from china, and necator americanus from china and togo using single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis combined with dna sequencing. the pcox1 sequences were characterised for individual nematodes displaying genetic variation within each of the three species, and those were compared with pcox1 sequences ...	2002	11824618
effect of short-term coyote removal on populations of coyote helminths.	coyote (canis latrans) removal programs often are initiated despite the potential population regulatory mechanism of parasitism with increased coyote density. we investigated the effect of intensive, short-term coyote removal on population levels of helminths in juvenile and adult coyotes from western texas. coyotes were killed by aerial gunning every 3 mo for 2 yr on two 5,000 ha areas, which reduced the overall coyote density of these areas by about 50%. two other 5,000 ha areas were used as c ...	2002	11838229
nematode infections of the eye: toxocariasis and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis.	in many parts of the world, parasitic infections of the eye are a major cause of blindness. the parasites toxocara canis, onchocerca volvulus, taenia solium, ancylostoma caninum, and cysticercus celulosae all have been responsible for blinding ocular infections. the nematodes t. canis and toxocara cati are parasitic roundworms that infect dogs (toxocarosis), other canidae, and cats. ocular toxocariasis is an uncommon worldwide infection caused by the nematode larvae of t. canis, commonly found i ...	2001	11734685
expression and immune recognition of brugia malayi val-1, a homologue of vespid venom allergens and ancylostoma secreted proteins.	several important nematode parasites have been found to express members of a gene family variously termed as venom allergen antigen homologue (vah) or ancylostoma secreted protein (asp). in some cases these products are secreted by infective larval stages and have been suggested to be effective vaccine immunogens. we isolated the corresponding gene from the human filarial nematode, brugia malayi, by first searching the expressed sequence tag (est) dataset generated by the filarial genome project ...	2001	11704277
the role of tissue factor/factor viia in the pathophysiology of acute thrombotic formation.	tissue factor (tf) is the essential cofactor for the coagulation protease factor viia (fviia), initiating the coagulation cascade. the role of tf in thrombotic diseases is becoming increasingly evident. recent findings suggest that inhibition of tf/fviia activity could be important in the prevention of clinical sequelae associated with plaque rupture or vessel damage that exposes tf to blood. furthermore, selective inhibitors of tf/fviia may be associated with less bleeding risk than other antit ...	2001	11714090
electron and light microscopy of neutrophil responses in mice vaccinated and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae.	the role of neutrophils in mediating host inflammation was examined in mice vaccinated with living third-stage infective hookworm larvae (l3). mice were vaccinated by oral immunization with 500 l3 (ancylostoma caninum) once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations. the vaccinated mice were then challenged intraperitoneally with 2000 l3) 1 week after the final immunization. to stimulate peritoneal production of neutrophils, 2 ml of 2% glycogen were injected intraperitoneally at 16 h prior ...	2001	11719110
role of zymogen and activated factor x as scaffolds for the inhibition of the blood coagulation factor viia-tissue factor complex by recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2.	recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent, factor xa (fxa)-dependent small protein inhibitor of factor viia-tissue factor (fviia.tf), which binds to a site on fxa that is distinct from the catalytic center (exo-site). in the present study, the role of other fx derivatives in presenting rnapc2 to fviia.tf is investigated. catalytically active and active site blocked fxa, as well as a plasma-derived and an activation-resistant mutant of zymogen fx bound to rnapc2 with comp ...	2001	11139576
ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm.	bhopale, v. m., kupprion, e. k., ashton, f. t., boston, r., and schad, g. a. 2001. ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm. experimental parasitology 97, 70-76. in the amphids (anteriorly positioned, paired sensilla) of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans, the so-called finger cells (afd), a pair of neurons, each of which ends in a cluster of microvilli-like projections, are known to be the primary thermorecep ...	2001	11281703
preliminary analysis of the proteolytic enzymes in the excretory-secretory products of the adult stages of the dog hookworm uncinaria stenocephala.	the paper describes an introductory characterisation of proteinases present in the excretory-secretory products (esp) of adult uncinaria stenocephala. in sds-page gelatine substrate gels esp resolved as a six bands of proteolytic activity, with a molecular weight of 182, 159, 98, 50, 39 and 26 kda. the 98 and 39 kda components were serine proteinases. the 50 kda band was sensitive to a metalloproteinase inhibitor. the 26 kda component was highly sensitive to cysteine proteinase inhibitors and wa ...	2001	11304953
vaccination with neutrophil inhibitory factor reduces the fecundity of the hookworm ancylostoma ceylanicum.	neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a protein isolated from hookworms of the genus ancylostoma, inhibits cd11b/18-dependent leucocyte function, binding to the i domain of cd11b. historically, nif was serendipitously isolated from whole worm extracts during a search for novel antihaemostatic agents, and little is known of its source or biological significance to the parasite. nif has also been identified as a possible hookworm vaccine candidate. ancylostoma ceylanicum recombinant nif, expressed i ...	2001	11309134
specific detection of neospora caninum oocysts in fecal samples from experimentally-infected dogs using the polymerase chain reaction.	neospora caninum oocysts, passed in the feces of a definitive host (dog), were isolated, and genomic dna was extracted. a polymerase cahin reaction (pcr) targeting the n. caninum-specific nc 5 genomic sequence was performed using the isolated dna. a synthesized competitor molecule containing part of the nc 5 sequence was included in the assay as a check against false-negative pcr results and to quantify n. caninum oocyst dna in fecal samples. a standard curve of the ratio of fluorescence intensi ...	2001	11318571
ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide-5: immunolocalization and in vitro neutralization of a major hookworm anti-thrombotic.	hookworm infection is a major cause of gastrointestinal blood loss and iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. recently two major anticoagulant serine protease inhibitors have been identified and cloned from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. one of these, a. caninum anticoagulant peptide 5 (acap5), is a potent and specific inhibitor of human coagulation factor xa. a polyclonal igg has been purified from rabbits immunized with recombinant acap5 using affinity chromatography. using immu ...	2001	11377744
ability of recombinant factor viia to generate thrombin during inhibition of tissue factor in human subjects.	in view of the central role of the tissue factor-factor viia pathway in the initiation of blood coagulation, novel therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting this catalytic complex are currently being evaluated. a limitation of this new class of anticoagulants may be the lack of an appropriate strategy to reverse the effect if a bleeding event occurs. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo potential of recombinant factor viia (rviia) to induce thrombin generation in healthy subject ...	2001	11382723
antibodies to selected canine pathogens and infestation with intestinal helminths in golden jackals (canis aureus) in israel.	blood and fecal samples, collected from 46 healthy adult free-ranging golden jackals captured in two different locations in israel, were examined. a serological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of circulating antibodies reacting with four common canine pathogens: canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum. faecal flotation and haematological tests were also performed. the seroprevalence of cpv, e. canis, cdv, and l. infantum we ...	2001	11409931
dose-response study of recombinant factor viia/tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee replacement.	with the best prophylactics now available, venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement remains substantial (25% to 27%). recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor complex that has the potential to reduce this risk. the present study was performed to determine an efficacious and safe dose of rnapc2 for prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective, unilateral total knee replacement.	2001	11435341
the structure and evolution of penelope in the virilis species group of drosophila: an ancient lineage of retroelements.	the penelope element is the key element responsible for mobilization of other transposable elements in the course of hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila virilis. penelope has an unusually complex, highly variable organization in all studied species of the virlis group. thc bridge1 element from the fish fugu rubripes is homologous to penelope, and database searches detected additional homologous sequences among expressed sequence tags from the flatworm schistosoma mansonii and the nematode ancylostom ...	2001	11443348
giardia trophozoites in dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum: accident or hyperparasitism?	during the course of transmission electron microscopic studies of adult ancylostoma caninum removed from a dog, several giardia trophozoites were found in sections of the buccal cavity, oesophagus and intestine of several hookworms. although the protozoa appeared viable, this unusual finding probably represents accidental uptake by, rather than an established infection of, the hookworm. it is feasible, however, that the trophozoites might have survived and even multiplied in this aberrant site.	2001	11495647
helminths in the wolf, canis lupus, from north-western spain.	fifteen helminth species were collected from 47 wolves (canis lupus ) which were surveyed from 1993 to 1999 in northwestern spain. these included the trematode alaria alata (2.1%); the cestodes taenia hydatigena (44.7%), t. multiceps (29.8%), t. serialis (2.1%), dipylidium caninum (6.4%) and mesocestoides sp. aff. litteratus (4.2%); and the nematodes pearsonema plica (7.4%), trichuris vulpis (10.6%), trichinella britovi (12.8%), ancylostoma caninum (8.5%), uncinaria stenocephala (51.1%), toxocar ...	2001	11520444
in vitro reactivation of ancylostoma caninum tissue-arrested third-stage larvae by transforming growth factor-beta.	developmental arrest in ancylostoma caninum is associated with preparasitic, free-living third-stage (l3) larvae, as well as anthelmintic-resilient hypobiotic l3 larvae within the tissues of an infected dog. with the tissue-arrested larvae, pregnancy and, more specifically, the hormonal effects of estrogen and prolactin mediate reactivation resulting in transmammary transmission of infection to nursing puppies. estrogen and prolactin have been shown to be critically involved in upregulation of t ...	2001	11534634
immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia: possible association with ancylostoma caninum infection in three dogs.	immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (imha) may be primary or secondary. in primary imha, no underlying cause can be found, whereas secondary imha is triggered by an underlying cause, such as neoplasia, infectious diseases, or drugs. this paper describes 3 dogs with typical signs of imha that was possibly associated with the intestinal parasite ancylostoma caninum. as intestinal helminths can be difficult to diagnose on faecal examination, it would be pertinent to perform multiple faecal examinati ...	2001	11563722
helminths in dogs belonging to people in a resource-limited urban community in gauteng, south africa.	one hundred and sixty-four faecal samples, 148 adhesive tape swabs and 132 blood samples were collected from dogs in boksburg, gauteng, to assess the prevalence of helminth parasites in the area. sixty-nine of these dogs were also necropsied and helminths recovered from the gastro-intestinal tracts. ancylostoma caninum was the most common helminth and was present in 88% of the dogs, followed by dipylidium caninum in 39% of dogs, toxocara canis in 36%, ancylostoma braziliense in 20%, spirocerca l ...	2001	11585088
[studies on immunological reaction of the antiserum of recombinant secreted protein from ancylostoma caninum].	to analyze the immunological reaction of the antiserum of recombinant secreted protein from ancylostoma caninum with antigens of various species hookworms at different developmental stages.	2001	12571945
[soil contamination with toxocara spp. eggs in the elblag area].	the distribution of toxocara spp. eggs in elbl4g was studied. out of 72 soil samples collected in public places of the city 13.9% were positive and the mean egg density was 3.75/100g soil. the city backyards were much more contaminated with toxocara spp. eggs (18.0%) than the playgrounds (4.5%). in sandpits examined the eggs were not found. almost 80% of toxocara spp. eggs recovered were infective. t. cati eggs were more frequent than t. canis eggs. additionally in examined samples two eggs of a ...	2001	16888965
host specificity in blood feeding parasites: a defining contribution by haemoglobin-degrading enzymes?	a hypothesis is presented that proposes that the compatibility between species-specific variants of haemoglobin-degrading proteases of blood-feeding parasites (e.g. hookworms, schistosomes, malarial parasites, etc.), and their natural substrates, i.e. haemoglobins from diverse species of mammals, has influenced to evolution of the host range of these parasites. support for the hypothesis was drawn from molecular modelling studies of the three dimensional structure of an aspartic protease, acasp, ...	2000	10856514
antithrombotic efficacy of single subcutaneous administration of a recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5) in a canine model of coronary artery thrombolysis.	we examined the adjunctive benefit of recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5), a factor xa inhibitor, in a canine model of recombinant (rt)-pa-induced thrombolysis. in anesthetized dogs, a stable occlusive thrombus was formed by electrolytic injury of the vessel wall, after which the animals were administered rt-pa (1.44 mg/kg, i.v.) and rnap5 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.: n=13), or rt-pa plus vehicle (1-2 ml, s.c.; n=13). hemodynamic and coagulation parameters were monitored for 360 minutes. sin ...	2000	10899352
lfa-1 (cd11a/cd18) triggers hydrogen peroxide production by canine neutrophils.	the respiratory burst of neutrophils stimulated by chemotactic factors is markedly augmented by mac-1-dependent adhesion such as the interaction of mac-1 (cd11b/cd18) with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1; cd54) expressed on the surface of parenchymal cells (e.g., cardiac myocytes). in the current study, we evaluate the hypothesis that lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1; cd11a/cd18) can also trigger the respiratory burst in neutrophils. to isolate lfa-1/icam-1 interactions ...	2000	10914492
beta(2)-integrin blockade driven by e-selectin promoter prevents neutrophil sequestration and lung injury in mice.	interaction of cd11/cd18 beta(2) integrins on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) with their counterreceptor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, on the surface of vascular endothelial cells is a critical event mediating stable pmn adhesion and migration across the pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier. neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kda glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum), binds to the i domain of cd11a and cd11b and inhibits beta(2) integrin-dependent ...	2000	10926878
novel inhibitors of factor x for use in cardiovascular diseases.	the complementary roles of platelets and thrombin in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes suggests that for treatment to be effective, both mediators must be targeted. although great strides have been made in the development of antiplatelet therapies, attempts to inhibit thrombin have been less successful. unfractionated heparin is limited by a number of pharmacologic shortcomings as well as an inability to meaningfully suppress thrombin generation. the low molecular weight heparins h ...	2000	10980906
novel, potent and selective chimeric fxa inhibitors featuring hydrophobic p1-ketoamide moieties.	judicious combination of p-region sequences of highly potent anticoagulant proteins including nap5, nap6, ecotin, and antistasin with sar from small molecule fxa inhibitors led to a series of chimeric inhibitors of formula 1a-j. we report herein the design, synthesis, and biological activity of this novel family of fxa inhibitors that express both high in vitro potency and superb selectivity against related serine proteases.	2000	11055344
purification of a diagnostic, secreted cysteine protease-like protein from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum.	the enteric infection of humans with the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum varies in its clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic to eosinophilic gastroenteritis requiring surgical intervention. infections are not patent, but can be diagnosed immunologically by detecting antibodies to an immunodominant secreted hookworm protein termed ac68. to characterise ac68, we purified the native protein from a. caninum excretory/secretory products using size exclusion followed by anion exchange c ...	2000	11077267
hookworm burden reductions in balb/c mice vaccinated with recombinant ancylostoma secreted proteins (asps) from ancylostoma duodenale, ancylostoma caninum and necator americanus.	vaccination of mice with alum-precipitated recombinant ancylostoma secreted protein-1 from the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum (ac-asp-1) results in protection against a. caninum larval challenge. vaccine protection is manifested by host reductions in hookworm burden compared to control mice. the goal of this study was to determine whether asp antigens cloned and expressed from different hookworm species will cross protect against a. caninum larval challenge. cross-species protection against ...	2000	10590331
a common muscarinic pathway for diapause recovery in the distantly related nematode species caenorhabditis elegans and ancylostoma caninum.	converging tgf-beta and insulin-like neuroendocrine signaling pathways regulate whether caenorhabditis elegans develops reproductively or arrests at the dauer larval stage. we examined whether neurotransmitters act in the dauer entry or recovery pathways. muscarinic agonists promote recovery from dauer arrest induced by pheromone as well as by mutations in the tgf-beta pathway. dauer recovery in these animals is inhibited by the muscarinic antagonist atropine. muscarinic agonists do not induce d ...	2000	10618440
trichuris suis: a secretory serine protease inhibitor.	a trypsin inhibitor was identified in extracts of adult trichuris suis and culture fluids from 24-h in vitro cultivation of adult parasites. the inhibitor was isolated by acid precipitation, affinity chromatography (trypsin-agarose), and reverse phase hplc as a single polypeptide with a molecular weight estimated at 6.6 kda by laser desorption mass spectrometry. the purified inhibitor associated strongly with trypsin (equilibrium dissociation inhibitory constant (k(j)) of 3.07 nm) and chymotryps ...	2000	10631074
variation between asp-1 molecules from ancylostoma caninum in china and the united states.	hookworm infection continues to be a serious problem in rural areas of china. rapid reinfection and high cost limit the effectiveness of deworming programs. vaccination offers an attractive alternative to mass chemotherapy. however, variation in vaccine antigens from field hookworm populations could conceivably limit efficacy of a vaccine developed from laboratory strains. reported here are initial experiments to ascertain levels of molecular variation in a promising vaccine antigen, asp-1, from ...	2000	10701589
a survey of genes expressed in adults of the human hookworm, necator americanus.	hookworms are gut-dwelling, blood-feeding nematodes that infect hundreds of millions of people, particularly in the tropics. as part of a program aiming to define novel drug targets and vaccine candidates for human parasitic nematodes, genes expressed in adults of the human hookworm necator americanus were surveyed by the expressed sequence tag approach. in total 161 new hookworm genes were identified. for the majority of these, a function could be assigned by homology. the dataset includes prot ...	2000	10726278
in vivo activities of the new anthelmintic depsipeptide pf 1022a.	pf 1022a is a member of a new class of cyclic depsipeptides with antiparasitic activity. following in vitro and laboratory animal studies it was tested for its anthelmintic efficacy in companion and livestock animals against a wide spectrum of intestinal nematodes and lungworms. studies were carried out in rats, dogs, horses, sheep, and cattle. animals were either naturally or experimentally infested. the efficacy of pf 1022a was investigated against the following parasite species: strongyloides ...	2000	10726989
histochemical alterations of infective third-stage hookworm larvae (l3) in vaccinated mice.	to study the histochemical alterations of hookworm l3 administered in a challenge dose to mice vaccinated previously with the larvae. male kunming strain mice vaccinated subcutaneously with 500 living ancylostoma caninum l3 once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations before a final challenge with 500 l3 one week after the final immunization. the abdominal skin with underlying subcutaneous tissue and muscle were removed from the site of percutaneous challenge entry (from 2-3 mice), and ...	1999	10774709
helminth parasites of dogs from two resource-limited communities in south africa.	biological samples were collected from dogs in resource-limited communities in the north-west and gauteng provinces of south africa to assess the prevalence of helminth parasitism. these samples included adhesive tape peri-anal skin swabs and fresh faecal samples for helminth examination, and thick and thin blood films (smears) and whole-blood samples in anticoagulant for examination of filarial nematode microfilariae and haemoprotozoa. the eggs of ancylostoma caninum, toxocara canis, toxascaris ...	1999	10855829
role of sialylation in determining the pharmacokinetics of neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) in the fischer 344 rat.	1. recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) is a glycoprotein. its amino acid sequence remains constant and has a molecular weight of 28.9 kd. however, approximately 40% of the total molecular weight consists of glycans with variable structure. 2. the pharmacokinetics of 11 different nif batches with varying extents and patterns of sialylation have been investigated in the fischer 344 rat following intravenous administration. these data indicate that reducing the extent of nif sialylation ...	1999	10598748
ancylostoma secreted protein 1 (asp-1) homologues in human hookworms.		1999	10029316
the hookworm platelet inhibitor: functional blockade of integrins gpiib/iiia (alphaiibbeta3) and gpia/iia (alpha2beta1) inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion in vitro.	hookworms, aggressive, blood-feeding, intestinal nematodes, are currently a leading cause of iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. an inhibitor of platelet aggregation and adhesion has been partially purified and characterized from soluble protein extracts of adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. this protein, named the hookworm platelet inhibitor, has an estimated molecular mass of 15 kda as determined by size-exclusion chromatography. in addition to blocking platelet aggregation in re ...	1999	10191228
ancylostoma secreted protein 2: cloning and characterization of a second member of a family of nematode secreted proteins from ancylostoma caninum.	invading infective third-stage larvae (l3) of parasitic nematodes execute a series of programmed developmental events in response to a host-specific signal encountered during infection. one of these early events is the release of excretory/secretory products. using an in vitro feeding assay that mimics these early events of infection, a protein released by in vitro activated larvae of the hookworm ancylostoma caninum was identified. this protein, ac-asp-2, was partially sequenced, and the cdna e ...	1999	10340481
amino acid sequences within the alpha subunit of integrin alpha m beta 2 (mac-1) critical for specific recognition of c3bi.	phagocytosis of opsonized particles by neutrophils and monocytes plays a central role in host defense mechanisms against foreign pathogens. this process depends on the interaction between c3bi, a degradation product derived from activation of the complement system, and the alpha m beta 2 (cd11b/cd18, mac-1) receptor, the major integrin on neutrophils. previous studies had established a central role for the i domain, a stretch of approximately 200 amino acids within the alpha m subunit in the bin ...	1999	10387051
chemo- and thermosensory neurons: structure and function in animal parasitic nematodes.	nematode parasites of warm-blooded hosts use chemical and thermal signals in host-finding and in the subsequent resumption of development. the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model for investigating the chemo- and thermosensory neurons of such parasites, because the functions of its amphidial neurons are well known from laser microbeam ablation studies. the neurons found in the amphidial channel detect aqueous chemoattractants and repellants; the wing cells-flattened amph ...	1999	10456420
investigations into the prevention of neonatal ancylostoma caninum infections in puppies by application of moxidectin to the bitch.	the aim of this investigation was to examine whether reactivated ancylostoma caninum larvae can be eliminated by the administration of moxidectin to pregnant bitches. four pregnant bitches infected experimentally with 20,000 third-stage larvae of a. caninum were treated subcutaneously with 1 mg moxidectin/kg body weight on day 55 of the pregnancy (5-8 days before parturition). another four experimentally infected pregnant bitches served as controls. the single moxidectin treatment completely pre ...	1999	10481618
inherent flexibility in a potent inhibitor of blood coagulation, recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2.	nematode anticoagulant proteins (naps) from the hematophagous nematode ancylostoma caninum inhibit blood coagulation with picomolar inhibition constants, and have been targeted as novel pharmaceutical agents. nap5 and nap6 inhibit factor xa by binding to its active site, whereas napc2 binds to factor xa at a different, as yet unidentified, site and the resultant binary complex inhibits the tissue factor-factor viia complex. we have undertaken nmr studies of napc2, including the calculation of a ...	1999	10504384
antibody responses in pregnancy-induced transmammary transmission of ancylostoma caninum hookworm larvae.	third stage larvae of the ancylostoma caninum hookworm nematode have the capacity to infect a dog, abort the normal maturation pathway to become blood-feeding intestinal worms, and instead distribute throughout the body in a developmentally arrested state that is relatively resilient to most chemotherapeutic agents. during pregnancy, a percentage of the arrested larvae reactivate and transmit via the mammary glands to infect the nursing puppies with resulting iron-deficiency anemia and potential ...	1999	10507368
antibody-dependent reductions in mouse hookworm burden after vaccination with ancylostoma caninum secreted protein 1.	vaccination of mice with either third-stage ancylostoma caninum infective hookworm larvae (l3) or alum-precipitated recombinant ancylostoma secreted protein 1 from a. caninum (ac-asp-1) results in protection against hookworm challenge infections. vaccine protection is manifested by reductions in lung hookworm burdens at 48 h postchallenge. mice actively immunized 4 times with ac-asp-1 also exhibited reductions in hookworm burden in the muscles. hookworm burden reductions from ac-asp-1 immunizati ...	1999	10515831
neutrophil inhibitory factor abrogates neutrophil adhesion by blockade of cd11a and cd11b beta(2) integrins.	we studied the basis of inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) adhesion induced by neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kda cd11/cd18 beta(2) integrin-binding protein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum). nif blocked pmn adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner with complete blockade occurring at approximately 10 nm nif. because cd11a and cd11b beta(2) integrins are functionally active on stimulated pmns, and yet nif is postulated to inhibit only cd11b integri ...	1999	10531396
developmental arrest and pregnancy-induced transmammary transmission of ancylostoma caninum larvae in the murine model.	pregnancy is associated with reactivation of latent infections of many protozoal and helminthic parasites. to facilitate in vivo studies on the process of transmammary transmission of hookworm infection to nursing newborns, we established an experimental model of infection of balb/c mice with infective larvae of the canine nematode ancylostoma caninum. to establish latency with a significant reservoir of tissue larvae and achieve acceptable pregnancy success rates, mice were subcutaneously infec ...	1999	10577710
experimental approaches to the development of a recombinant hookworm vaccine.	hookworm infection is a major parasitic cause of morbidity in the developing nations of the tropics. development of a genetically engineered vaccine would be a useful tool in the control of this infection in highly endemic areas. recombinant polypeptides belonging to the ancylostoma secreted protein (asp)-1 family have shown promise for reducing hookworm burdens after larval challenge infections in mice. typically, these polypeptides are expressed in escherichia coli and administered as an alum ...	1999	10582170
sequence differences in the internal transcribed spacers of dna among four species of hookworm (ancylostomatoidea: ancylostoma).	the two ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacers (1 and 2) of the hookworms ancylostoma caninum, a. tubaeforme, a. ceylanicum and a. duodenale were sequenced. the sequence lengths were similar among the four species, except that a. ceylanicum had slightly longer (by 5-7 bp) internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 sequences. the predicted secondary structure of the internal transcribed spacer 2 precursor rrna was similar for all species, despite interspecific differences in primary sequence ranging ...	1999	10961853
cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell and eosinophil responses after challenge in mice vaccinated with living infective third-stage hookworm larvae.	to examine the quantitative and qualitative alterations in mast cells and eosinophils distributed in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues of hookworm-infected, uninfected and vaccinated mice.	1999	11721464
enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blotting analysis of human serologic responses to infective hookworm larval antigen.	to explore the possibility of using specific antigens for immunodiagnosis of hookworm disease in endemic area.	1999	11593560
evaluation of the role of ancylostoma caninum in humans as a cause of acute and recurrent abdominal pain.	ancylostoma caninum is responsible for cases with eosinophilic enteritis (ee) and unexplained abdominal pain with peripheral eosinophilia in man. ninety-five patients with obscure acute or recurrent abdominal pain and ten asymptomatic healthy parasite free were subjected to thorough history taking, clinical examination, sonography, routine laboratory investigations and serotesting by igg elisa to detect antibodies to excretory/secretory (es) antigens of adult a. caninum and by igg and igg4 weste ...	1999	12561926
protective immunity in mice elicited by living infective third-stage hookworm larvae (shanghai strain of ancylostoma caninum).	to elucidate the mechanisms of protective immunity in mice elicited by living hookworm (ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae (l3).	1998	10322652
neutrophil inhibitory factor treatment of focal cerebral ischemia in the rat.	the present study was designed to determine whether a hookworm-derived recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor (rnif) is neuroprotective when administered after initiation of focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. we measured the rnif dose-response on cerebral infarct volume, the therapeutic time window, the therapeutic response to permanent ischemia, and whether rnif treatment delays the maturation of the ischemic lesion (2 days), or reduces cerebral infarct volume at 7 days after middle cerebral ...	1998	9554941
anthelmintic efficacy of oxibendazole against some important nematodes in dogs and cats.	the anthelmintic efficacy and safety of the oxibendazole component in a combination oxibendazole-niclosamide paste were investigated in dogs and cats and in litters of pups with naturally acquired nematode infections. a single dose of 15 mg oxibendazole/kg body weight given to 70 dogs and to 29 cats reduced faecal worm egg counts (epg) by 97.6% for toxocara canis, 95.7% for trichuris vulpis, 94.6% for ancylostoma caninum, and 100% for toxascaris leonina. in cats, 96.7% efficacy was demonstrated ...	1998	9563164
ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide blocks metastasis in vivo and inhibits factor xa binding to melanoma cells in vitro.	we evaluated the in vivo anti-metastatic activity of recombinant ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide (racap), a potent (ki = 265 pm) and specific active site inhibitor of human coagulation factor xa originally isolated from bloodfeeding hookworms. subcutaneous injection of scid mice with racap (0.01-0.2 mg/mouse) prior to tail vein injection of lox human melanoma cells resulted in a dose dependent reduction in pulmonary metastases. in order to elucidate potential mechanisms of racap's anti ...	1998	9609244
in vivo expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor via gene transfer prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced lung neutrophil infiltration and injury by a beta2 integrin-dependent mechanism.	the binding of beta2 (cd18) integrins on pmn cell membrane to intercellular adhesion molecule (icam) counter-receptors on the surface of vascular endothelial cells mediates pmn adhesion to endothelial cells. neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kd glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum), is a beta2 integrin antagonist that inhibits pmn adhesion to endothelial cells. we transferred the nif gene into cd1 mouse lungs by intravenous injection of cationic liposomes to ...	1998	9616214
cutaneous and subcutaneous granulomata formation in mice immunized and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae.	to determine the inflammatory and immunological mechanisms associated with live third-stage (l3) hookworm larval vaccines, mice were immunized either subcutaneously or orally with three doses of 500 l3 of ancylostoma caninum at 2-week intervals, and then challenged percutaneously (via abdominal skin) with 500 l3. non-immunized mice served as negative controls. skin was excised from post-challenge mice at intervals between 6 h and 28 days, and then examined by light microscopy. in non-immunized m ...	1998	9638275
in vitro expression of a recombinant paramyosin of ancylostoma caninum.	the objective of this study was to characterise a recombinant antigen of ancylostoma caninum that had been identified by immunoscreening with selected antisera described elsewhere. in vitro expression of clone 341 produced a protein with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 34 kda which was recognised in western blots by antisera against whole worms and antisera against esophagi from adult worms, but not by sera from experimentally infected dogs or rabbits. dna sequencing showed a cdna of ...	1998	9762569
a recombinant protein disulfide isomerase homologue from ancylostoma caninum.	the objective of this study was to characterize a recombinant antigen of ancylostoma caninum that had been identified by immunoscreening with selected antisera as described elsewhere. in vitro expression of clone ac38-1 produced a protein with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 38 kda, which reacted in western blots with the antiserum from rabbits experimentally infected with l3 and also with affinity-purified antibodies against hydrophilic proteins of the cephalic glands obtained from ...	1998	9766908
electron and light microscopy of peritoneal cellular immune responses in mice vaccinated and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae.	the role of peritoneal macrophages in a murine model of immunity to living hookworm third-stage larvae (l3) was investigated. mice immunized orally with 500 l3 once every 2 weeks for three times were challenged intraperitoneally with 2000 l3 1 week after the final immunization. the challenged larvae were collected from the peritoneal cavity at intervals between 2 and 72 h and then examined by inverted light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. peritoneal ...	1998	9821464
anthelmintic efficacy against tissue-arrested larvae of ancylostoma caninum in murine hosts.	third-stage larvae of the major human and canine ancylostoma hookworm species have the capacity to undergo developmental arrest in the somatic tissues of an infected host. arrested larvae reactivate at opportune periods such as pregnancy, which results in the transmammary transmission of infection to the nursing neonates. using murine paratenic hosts to focus specifically on tissue-arrested stages of ancylostoma caninum, the present study found that neither recommended nor elevated doses of comm ...	1998	9920326
hookworm-provoked ige-mediated pathology: capricious damage or remarkable strategy?	the existence of the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum in the human gut seems to be curtailed by an effective ige-mediated inflammatory response against the helminth's feeding secretions, which, by damaging the host, compromises the parasite's feeding opportunities. in contrast, immunity does not develop against adapted, anthropophilic hookworm species, and it is suggested this relates to modulation of the inflammatory response by hookworm secretions. here, john croese discusses this hypothesi ...	1998	17040701
caenorhabditis elegans: a genetic guide to parasitic nematode biology.	the advent of parasite genome sequencing projects, as well as an increase in biology-directed gene discovery, promises to reveal genes encoding many of the key molecules required for nematode-host interactions. however, distinguishing parasitism genes from those merely required for nematode viability remains a substantial challenge. although this will ultimately require a functional test in the host or parasite, the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans can be exploited as a heterologous s ...	1998	19274223
[modulation of inflammatory cells in helminth infections].	in this review, different mechanisms by which helminthic parasites modulate the activities of inflammatory cells are considered. examples are presented of parasitic products interfering with lymphocytes and their products such as antibodies, then modifying both regulation and effector response of the immune system. furthermore, examples of interference on the complement system are illustrated. parasites such as ancylostoma caninum produce factors such as the neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) ca ...	1997	9616965
a trichuris specific diagnostic antigen from culture fluids of trichuris suis adult worms.	trichuris suis is a nematode parasite of swine which can cause serious pathology in infected pigs, such as anorexia, diarrhea, anemia, and death in heavy infections, especially in young animals. infection with trichuris suis is difficult to diagnose because much of the pathology occurs when only larval stages are present, and because of sporadic egg production by adult female worms. we have isolated a 20 kda excretory/secretory (e/s) glycoprotein from culture fluids of adult worms by column chro ...	1997	9066055
polymorphonuclear leucocyte (pmn) inhibitory factor prevents pmn-dependent endothelial cell injury by an anti-adhesive mechanism.	neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kd glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm, inhibits cd11b/cd18-dependent neutrophil adhesion by binding to cd1lb. we studied the effects of nif on neutrophil-dependent endothelial cell injury using bovine pulmonary microvessel endothelial cells grown on microporous filters. endothelial injury was determined as an increase in the transendothelial 125i-albumin clearance rate (a measure of transendothelial permeability). layering of neutrophils on th ...	1997	9130469
transfer and expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor gene in endothelial and epithelial cells prevent neutrophil adhesion.		1997	9184546
identification and reconstruction of the binding site within alphambeta2 for a specific and high affinity ligand, nif.	engagement of the alphambeta2 (cd11b/cd18, mac-1) integrin on neutrophils supports adhesion and induces various cellular responses. these responses can be blocked by a specific ligand of alphambeta2, neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif). the molecular basis of alphambeta2-nif interactions was studied. the single chain alpham subunit, expressed on the surface of human 293 cells, bound nif with an affinity equivalent to that of alphambeta2 heterodimer. this observation, coupled with previous data sh ...	1997	9211902
a peptide derived from neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) blocks neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells.	peptides derived from neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a known antagonist of mac-1, were evaluated as inhibitors of neutrophil adherence.	1997	9243305
long-term survey on intestinal nematode and cestode infections in stray puppies ibaraki prefecture.	we conducted the survey on intestinal nematode, mainly toxocara canis, and cestode infections in stray puppies aged less than 5 months in ibaraki prefecture for 8 years from 1988 to 1995. the rate of t. canis infection stayed almost unchanged for the 8 years and ranged from 72.2 to 85.4%. of the total 916 dogs, 732 (79.9%) harboured with t. canis. the average rates of other helminthic infections showed 24.6 (diphylidium caninum), 2.5 (trichuris vulpis), 1.2 (ancylostoma caninum) and 0.7% (spirom ...	1997	9300373
antithrombotic efficacy of a recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5) in canine models of thrombosis after single subcutaneous administration.	we describe the antithrombotic effects of recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5), a selective and direct factor xa inhibitor, after a single s.c. administration in canine models of arterial and venous thrombosis. the systemic anticoagulant effects of rnap5 were evaluated initially in conscious dogs after s.c. dosing (0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) that resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the activated clotting time and the activated partial thromboplastin time. the antithrombotic effe ...	1997	9336312