Publications

spatial dynamics in fluctuating vole populations.	patterns and consistency of distribution, spatial and temporal components, and the extent of spatial density-dependence were compared between semi-cyclic and cyclic populations of the vole species clethrionomys glareolus and microtus agrestis in south-central and north sweden. cyclic populations were less clumped and only c. glareolus showed a consistency in distribution between years. spatial variation contributed little to the distributions in cyclic populations while the spatial and temporal ...	1990	28312557
natal dispersal in relation to population density and sex ratio in the field vole, microtus agrestis.	in a sample of 240 juvenile field voles 8% of the males and 22% of the females reached sexual maturity within their natal home range. among individuals retrapped as adults, 58% of males and 23% of females had dispersed, i.e. had moved more than one home range diameter. the mean distance moved for males (58.5 m) exceeded that for females (28.6 m). male movement distances were negatively associated with total density, and with density of adult females, but not with male density. female movements w ...	1990	22160104
5-azadeoxycytidine induced undercondensation in the giant x chromosomes of microtus agrestis.	fibroblasts of female microtus agrestis were treated with 5-azadeoxycytidine (5-aza-dcyd) at a final concentration of 10(-5) m during the last 2 h of culture. this cytidine analogue induces distinct undercondensation of the constitutive heterochromatin in the giant x chromosomes. the undercondensed heterochromatic thread exhibits longitudinal segmentation reminiscent of a chromomere pattern. in the late-replicating x chromosome, 5-aza-dcyd also inhibits condensation of the genetically inactivate ...	1989	2476282
distribution of trace element pollutants in a contaminated grassland ecosystem established on metalliferous fluorspar tailings. 1: lead.	concentrations of lead in vegetation, invertebrates and small mammals in a grassland ecosystem evolved from a mine waste revegetation scheme indicated the high concentration of lead in the original tailings. lead levels in invertebrates reflected dietary concentrations and feeding strategy, a pattern also true of the indigenous small mammals. total body and tissue concentrations of lead in the herbivorous microtus agrestis l. (field vole) and insectivorous sorex araneus l. (common shrew) were si ...	1989	15092440
distribution of trace element pollutants in a contaminated grassland ecosystem established on metalliferous fluorspar tailings. 2: zinc.	concentrations of zinc in vegetation, invertebrates and small mammals in a grassland ecosystem derived from a mine waste vegetation scheme indicated the high concentration of zinc in the original tailings. however, the considerable differences in soil and vegetation zinc concentrations between the tailings and an uncontaminated site were not reflected in the invertebrate and small mammal communities. invertebrate zinc levels and total body concentrations in microtus agrestis l. (field vole) and ...	1989	15092405
distribution of trace element pollutants in a contaminated ecosystem established on metalliferous fluorspar tailings. 3: fluoride.	high total soil fluoride (10 000 microg g(-1)) in the metalliferous fluorspar tailings was reflected by elevated concentrations in standing live vegetation (300-1000 microg g(-1)); plant roots (c. 6000 microg g(-1)); plant litter (c. 4000 microg g(-1)); total body concentrations of invertebrates (400-4000 microg g(-1)) and the small mammals microtus agrestis (120-360 microg g(-1)) and sorex araneus (140-250 microg g(-1)). seasonal changes in the standing live vegetation and the availability of s ...	1989	15092395
the behavior during pachynema of a normal and an inverted y chromosome in microtus agrestis.	the pachytene behavior of the chromosomes of microtus agrestis (l.) (rodentia, arvicolidae) males carrying either the standard, or the pericentrically inverted lund y chromosome have been examined by electron microscopy of microspread spermatocytes. there is no synapsis between the x and either the standard or the lund y chromosomes during any substage of pachynema. since synapsis is generally considered a prerequisite for crossing over, there appears to be no opportunity for crossover or chiasm ...	1989	2698871
[effect of methylnitronitrosoguanidine on dna synthesis in animal cells: decrease in the rate of replication fork movement].	the effect of methylnitronitrosoguanidine (mnng) on the rate of dna replication fork (rf) progress has been studied by dna fiber autoradiography in asynchronous microtus agrestis and chinese hamster cells. the rate of rf progress has been shown to be decreased by 14% and 36% at mnng concentrations of 50 and 100 microm in m. agrestis cells; the rate of dna synthesis being reduced by 50 and 75% respectively. in chinese hamster cells the mnng concentration of 5 microm does not affect the rate of rf ...	1989	2725536
studies on cross-immunity in herpetosoma trypanosomes of microtus, clethrionomys and apodemus.	laboratory-bred rodents of three species were inoculated with heterologous herpetosoma trypanosome species as follows: microtus agrestis with trypanosoma evotomys or t. grosi, apodemus sylvaticus with t. evotomys or t. microti and clethrionomys glareolus with t. grosi or t. microti. the three rodent species were subsequently challenged with their natural trypanosome parasite, i.e. t. microti for m. agrestis, t. grosi for a. sylvaticus and t. evotomys for c. glareolus. the parasitaemias and cours ...	1989	2496408
use of recombinant vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein virus for oral vaccination of wildlife against rabies: innocuity to several non-target bait consuming species.	the pathogenicity of a vaccinia recombinant virus expressing the rabies glycoprotein (vvtggrab) was tested in several wild animal species which could compete with the natural rabies host, the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in consuming vaccine baits in europe. the following species were included in this study: wild boar (sus scrofa), eurasian badger (meles meles), wood mouse (apodemus sylvaticus), yellow-necked mouse (apodemus flavicollis), bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus), common vole (microtus arv ...	1989	2681844
first evidence of the leptospirosis natural foci of the serotype saxkoebing in austria.	the authors examined serologically and bacteriologically 129 wild living small mammals (9 species) in neumarkt, in styria. a total of 17 animals were positive (all microtus agrestis), of these 10 serologically (6 with l. saxkoebing, 3 with l. grippotyphosa and 1 with l. sorexjalna) and 7 bacteriologically. of the 7 isolated leptospirae-strains one did not survive up to typing, the 6 remaining were identified as l. saxkoebing. it is the first evidence of the existence of leptospirosis natural foc ...	1989	2663645
[incidence of coxiella burnetii and rickettsiae from the rmsf group in the sub-alpine region in austria].	investigations were carried out on small mammals to determine further distribution of coxiella burnetii and rickettsia rmsf-group in the alpine and sub-alpine regions. in altitudes of 1,200-2,400 m antibodies against clethrionomys glareolus, apodemus flavicollis, sorex alpinus, sorex minutus and microtus agrestis were demonstrated. these findings emphasize that in the entire alpine and sub-alpine regions of austria the occurrence of c. burnetii and rmsf-group rickettsia is to be expected.	1989	2744470
in vitro cultivation of herpetosoma trypanosomes on embryonic fibroblasts and in semidefined cell-free medium.	microtus agrestis embryo fibroblasts (maef) support the survival and multiplication at 37 c of the mammalian multiplicative forms of the herpetosoma trypanosomes trypanosoma microti, t. evotomys, t. musculi, and t. lewisi passaged from cultures on schneider's drosophila medium and of t. grosi from grace's medium. maef layers with parasites were maintained for a period of over 5 mo. a semidefined cell-free medium also supported the multiplication (at 37 c) of the mammalian forms of the same trypa ...	1988	3288740
simple gatca repeats characterize the x chromosomal heterochromatin of microtus agrestis, european field vole (rodentia, cricetidae).	the sex chromosomes of microtus agrestis are extremely large due to the accumulation of constitutive heterochromatin. we have identified two prominent satellite bands of 2.0 and 2.8 kb in length after haeiii and hinfi restriction enzyme digestion of genomic dna, respectively. these satellites are located on the heterochromatic long arm of the x chromosome as shown using microtus x mouse somatic cell hybrids. by in-gel hybridization with oligonucleotide probes, the organization of the two satelli ...	1988	3282831
dnase i sensitivity of microtus agrestis active, inactive and reactivated x chromosomes in mouse-microtus cell hybrids.	we isolated microtus agrestis-mouse somatic cell hybrid clones which had retained either the active or the inactive m. agrestis x chromosome. in both hybrid clones the x chromosomes retained their original chromatin conformation as studied by the in situ nick translation technique--the active x chromosome retained its high sensitivity to dnase i while the inactive one remained insensitive. a clone in which the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene had been spontaneously reac ...	1988	3282832
role of the polar trophectoderm in determining the pattern of early post-implantation morphogenesis in mammals: evidence from development of the short-tailed field vole, microtus agrestis.	the peri-implantational embryogenesis in the field vole, microtus agrestis, is described. implantation is interstitial, as it is in the mouse, but egg cylinder formation occurs by invagination of the blastocyst's embryonic pole and not (as in the mouse) by formation of a multilayered extra-embryonic ectoderm. this difference can be attributed to loss in the field vole of the central portion of the polar trophectoderm at the time of blastocyst attachment. in comparing early postimplantation devel ...	1988	3070537
[glycogen-containing cells in the maternal and embryonic portions of the placenta in the rat and the common vole microtus subarvalis].	differentiation sequences and further transfiguration of glycogen-rich cells during placenta development were investigated for the rat and field vole microtus subarvalis (11-20 day gestation). the presence of glycogen is a characteristic feature of decidual cells located in the region of lateral sinusoids, as well as of metrial gland cells, secondary giant trophoblast cells and trophoblast cells in the connective zone of placenta. glycogen-containing metrial gland cells and trophoblast cells of ...	1988	3072744
postnatal development of the stomach in the japanese field vole, microtus montebelli.		1988	3052170
transcriptional activity of constitutive heterochromatin in the mammal microtus agrestis (rodentia, cricetidae).	two cytological approaches were applied to the analysis of genetic activity in euchromatin and heterochromatin in the european field vole microtus agrestis. the first is based on the transcriptional activity of prematurely condensed chromosomes, the second on in situ hybridization of labeled cellular rna to metaphase chromosomes. the results show that in cultivated fibroblasts, the transcriptional activity of constitutive heterochromatin is in the same order of magnitude as that of euchromatin; ...	1987	2446895
tooth damage in field voles, wood mice and moles in areas polluted by fluoride from an aluminum reduction plant.		1987	3317818
effect of nutrition, temperature and photoperiod on the rate of sexual maturation of the field vole (microtus agrestis).	weanling male and female field voles were placed in long or short photoperiods, kept at 18 degrees c or 4 degrees c, and fed (ad libitum) diets containing 24%, 16%, 8% and 4% protein, for 6 weeks. animals in the long photoperiod were more sexually mature than were animals in the short photoperiod. temperatures had no effect on females, but did affect males: those kept at 4 degrees c had heavier testes and wider seminiferous tubules than those kept at 18 degrees c. there was little difference bet ...	1987	3298643
circadian activity patterns, photoperiodic responses and population cycles in voles : i. long-term variations in circadian activity patterns.	patterns of above-ground activity were recorded in two free-ranging populations of microtus agrestis (l.) and one population of m. arvalis (pall.) over several years by means of passage counters. long-term variations of the circadian patterns were observed, but did not repeat themselves in a 12-month cycle. variations in all three populations could be described by a sinusoidal function of an 18-month period. maxima and minima of the sine-function were connected to distinct photoperiods (equinoxe ...	1987	28312229
comparison of the gonadal response of wild and laboratory field voles (microtus agrestis) to different photoperiods.	weanling male and female field voles from laboratory stock and from the f1 generation of wild-caught animals were placed in a long (16l:8d) or short (6l:18d) photoperiod for 28 or 56 days. both types of field vole showed the well-established effect of photoperiod upon sexual maturation, with animals in the long photoperiod having larger and more active gonads than animals in the short photoperiod. after 28 and 56 days laboratory stock females were more mature, sexually, and had a higher growth r ...	1987	3546683
5-aza-c-induced changes in the time of replication of the x chromosomes of microtus agrestis are followed by non-random reversion to a late pattern of replication.	treatment with 5-azacytidine (5-aza-c) causes an advance in the time of replication and enhances the dnase-i sensitivity of the inactive x chromosome in gerbillus gerbilllus fibroblasts. we found that these changes were not stably inherited and upon removal of the drug the cells reverted to the original state of one active and one inactive x chromosome. in order to determine whether this reversion was random, we used a cell line of female microtus agrestis fibroblasts in which the two x chromoso ...	1987	2438098
serological studies of british leptospiral isolates of the sejroe serogroup. iii. the distribution of leptospires of the sejroe serogroup in the british isles.	some 94 strains of leptospires belonging to the sejroe serogroup isolated in the british isles were identified to the serovar level using specific factor sera. seventy strains were identified as leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo, 66 from cattle, 2 from pigs and 1 each from a sheep foetus and a human. twenty-four strains were identified as l. interrogans serovar saxkoebing, most strains were isolated from either wood mice, bank or field voles but strains were also isolated from badgers, a fox ...	1987	3609169
basic carriers of trichophyton mentagrophytes var. gypseum in the sverdlovsk region.	tests for myococarriers were made on 4.297 wild small mammals. clinical examinations only were carried out on 1,204 animals, both clinical and laboratory examinations on 3,093 animals. the suppurative form of trichophytosis was diagnosed in only one specimen of microtus oeconomus out of 1,204 animals examined. t. ectothrix microides was found in the hair taken from the focus. t. mentagrophytes var. gypseum was obtained by culture on nutrient media. no clinical signs of mycosis were found in 3,09 ...	1987	3680938
fluoride in the prey of barn owls (tyto alba).	bone fluoride in short-tailed voles (microtus agrestis) and common shrews (sorex araneus), the prey of barn owls (tyto alba), was studied on anglesey, north wales. the average fluoride content of m. agrestis skulls obtained from a location 0.9 km from an aluminium reduction plant was significantly greater than that of skulls from another location 22 km from the source of industrial fluoride pollution. at both locations, mean fluoride levels of skulls extracted from owl pellets and those of voles ...	1987	15092770
immunohistochemical study of gastroenteropancreatic endocrine cells of the herbivorous japanese field vole, microtus montebelli.	the gastroenteropancreatic (gep) endocrine cells of the japanese field vole were studied immunohistochemically. somatostatin-, 5-hydroxytryptamine-, glicentin-, glucagon-, bovine pancreatic polypeptide-, gastrin-, gastric inhibitory polypeptide-, cholecystokinin-, substance p-, secretin-, neurotensin- and insulin-immunoreactive cells were revealed. the characteristic findings of the regional distribution and relative frequency of these immunoreactive cells in the gep system of the vole were as f ...	1986	3532246
evaluation of five cell types for the isolation of herpes simplex virus.	five cells were evaluated in a comparative analysis for sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity in detecting the presence of herpes simplex virus hsv-1 and hsv-2. included in this study were human embryonic kidney (hek), rabbit kidney (rk), mrc-5, mink lung (ml), and microtus agrestis (umma). a total of 274 specimens from genital, throat, skin, or other sources that were submitted for hsv isolation were used in the study. the sensitivity of the different cells was assessed by the total number of ...	1986	3013496
a golgi study of the sixth layer of the cerebral cortex. i. the lissencephalic brain of rodentia, lagomorpha, insectivora and chiroptera.	a study of the morphological characteristics of the neurons in layer vi of the cerebral cortex was carried out using the rapid golgi method in several lissencephalic species including rodentia (rat, mouse, vole (microtus agrestis) and hamster), lagomorpha (rabbit), insectivora (hedgehog) and in the chiroptera the dwarf bat (pipistrellus pipistrellus). there was a basic uniformity in the structure of the sixth layer. main neuronal types in lamina via were large pyramidal neurons, triangular or at ...	1986	3429306
demonstration of an odorous intramale primer effect in short-tailed vole,microtus agrestis l.	anal (proctodeal) glands of malemicrotus agrestis housed in social isolation undergo severe atrophy. their weight and volume is significantly lower than those of the stock control males. the atrophied glands can be revived by subjecting deprived voles to various social odors. atrophied glands of isolated males do not respond to the odors of male and female urine, voided feces of females, and unvoided feces of males. atrophied anal glands of males exposed to voided male feces (which have passed t ...	1986	24306670
effect of male presence and of photoperiod on the sexual maturation of the field vole (microtus agrestis).	the effect of mature males on the sexual development of young female and male field voles, reared in either long (stimulating) or short (inhibiting) photoperiods, was examined. females reared in the presence of a mature male had a more advanced state of sexual maturation (as indicated by uterine weight) than did females reared in isolation from males, in long and short photoperiods (p less than 0.01). no interaction between photoperiod and male presence was found. augmented uterine growth occurr ...	1986	3531507
susceptibility to vole attacks due to bark phenols and terpenes inpinus contorta provenances introduced into sweden.	seedlings of north americanpinus contorta introduced to sweden and finland are severely gnawed by voles, e.g.,microtus agrestis. the level of damage varies between provenances. chemical analyses of various phenolic compounds, monoterpenes, and resin acids of different provenances and of damaged and undamaged stems showed that some phenolic substances in the bark increased after damage without deterring the animals, that monoterpene differences between provenances were not related to vole damage, ...	1986	24305834
gradients in density variations of small rodents: the importance of latitude and snow cover.	microtine rodents are known to show extreme population variations (cycles) but non-cyclic populations have also been recognized during recent years. the cyclic populations have been widely thought to be regulated by intrinsic mechanisms. however, such predictions for cyclic populations are usually not applicable to non-cyclic ones and extrinsic factors may have to be included in any explanation.a hypothesis that the degree of fluctuations in small rodent numbers is related to the sustainable num ...	1985	28311574
comparison of pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion induced by volatile fatty acids in mice, japanese field voles and goats.	the secretory response of the exocrine pancreas to volatile fatty acids was investigated in the isolated preparations of mice, japanese field voles and goats. the amylase content in pancreases of the voles was half that of the mice, and the trypsin content was four times higher than that of the mice. amylase release to volatile fatty acids in the goats showed a dose-dependent relationship. the response in the voles was obtained by acetate and propionate, but preparations in the mice were ineffec ...	1985	2411468
highly specific antibody to rous sarcoma virus src gene product recognizes a novel population of pp60v-src and pp60c-src molecules.	antiserum to the rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-transforming protein, pp60v-src, was produced in rabbits immunized with p60 expressed in escherichia coli. alpha p60 serum immunoprecipitated quantitatively more pp60v-src than did tumor-bearing rabbit (tbr) sera. when rsv-transformed cell lysates were preadsorbed with tbr serum, the remaining lysate contained additional pp60v-src, which was recognized only by reimmunoprecipitation with alpha p60 serum and not by tbr serum. in subcellular fractions of rs ...	1985	2981886
dnase i sensitivity in facultative and constitutive heterochromatin.	in situ nick translation allows the detection of dnase i sensitive and insensitive regions in fixed mammalian mitotic chromosomes. we have determined the difference in dnase i sensitivity between the active and inactive x chromosomes in microtus agrestis (rodent) cells, along both their euchromatic and constitutive heterochromatic regions. in addition, we analysed the dnase i sensitivity of the constitutive heterochromatic regions in mouse chromosomes. in microtus agrestis female cells the activ ...	1985	3905296
[the effect of methylnitronitrosoguanidine on dna synthesis in human and animal cells. inhibition of dna synthesis in asynchronous and synchronous cultured cells].	methylnitronitrosoguanidine (mnng) is reported to inhibit dna synthesis in intact human cells, in the cells from patients with ataxia telangiectasia (at) or the cells from two rodent species. dna synthesis in different cell lines exhibits varying sensitivity to mnng inhibitory effect. 4-5-fold higher concentrations of mnng are required for 50% inhibition of dna synthesis in at cells or in field vole cells as compared with the concentration required for human cells or chinese hamster. the differe ...	1985	3916233
[transmission and course of parasitemia of babesia microti (hannover i strain) in the bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus) and field vole (microtus agrestis)].	in germany only m. agrestis has been found to be naturally infected with b. microti while in other european countries several rodent species were found as mammalian hosts. in the laboratory c. glareolus got easily infected by german strains of b. microti, if parasitized blood was inoculated. but results of this method are not transferable to natural conditions. therefore this study was carried out. it was to prove whether c. glareolus is susceptible to b. microti transmitted by nymphs of i. rici ...	1984	6150621
observations on uterine mast cells during early pregnancy in the vole, microtus agrestis.	the vole, microtus agrestis, was chosen for this study of mast cells during early pregnancy because this species does not show spontaneous estrous cycles. mast cell numbers in the uterus are known to vary during the estrous cycle in some species (rat, cow, syrian hamster). mast cell changes during early pregnancy in the vole could not reflect hormonal changes which had occurred during a preceding estrous cycle. mast cells in the uterus (myometrium, endometrium, and mesometrial triangle) and ear ...	1984	6375459
microtus species as new herbivorous laboratory animals: reproduction; bacterial flora and fermentation in the digestive tracts; and nutritional physiology.	in a study of the possible introduction of japanese field vole (microtus montebelli ) and hungarian voles (m. arvalis) as herbivorous experimental animals, the following biological characteristics were investigated: breeding and reproductive performance; bacterial flora and fermentation in the digestive tracts; and nutritional physiology. the animals are polyestrus , show postpartum estrus on the day of parturition, and there is little or no delay in implantation due to lactation, especially in ...	1984	6377675
effect of mating on the metabolic activity of the brain and pituitary gland assessed by [14c]2-deoxyglucose in a reflex ovulator, the vole (microtus agrestis).	the neural pathways involved in reflex ovulation in the vole (microtus agrestis) have been investigated with the [14c]2-deoxyglucose (2-dg) method. female voles were injected i.p. with 2-dg and either not mated, sham-mated (mounted by males by vagina was taped) or mated for a period of 45 min after the injection, after which the animals were decapitated. the brain was processed for autoradiography and the relative metabolic activities (rma) of selected areas of the brain and pituitary gland were ...	1984	6388729
postnatal development of intestinal villi in the field vole (microtus montebelli): a scanning electron microscopic study.		1983	6358986
pineal influences hypothalamic gn-rh content in the vole, microtus agrestis.		1983	6339718
identification of a reservoir of leptospira interrogans serovar muenchen in voles (microtus agrestis and clethrionomys glareolus) in england.	infection with leptospires of the australis serogroup is widespread in voles in southern england and the serovar identification of five randomly-selected isolates was determined by cross agglutination absorption. two isolates from short-tailed voles (microtus agrestis) and three isolates from bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) were all identified as serovar muenchen. the only previous isolation of this serovar is that from a human in germany.	1983	6372316
increase in the phosphotransferase specific activity of purified rous sarcoma virus pp60v-src protein after incubation with atp plus mg2+.	pp60v-src, the product of the rous sarcoma virus src gene, was partially purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from extracts of rous sarcoma virus-transformed field vole cells. incubation of this preparation with atp plus mg2+ and subsequent repurification by chromatography on hexylamine-agarose resulted in a net increase in the specific activity of the src protein kinase. this increase in phosphotransferase activity was detected by using a variety of substrates including casein, tubulin, an ...	1983	6314123
hepatic microsomal alterations during chronic trypanosomiasis in the field vole, microtus montanus.	the field vole, microtus montanus, was used as a model system to evaluate the chronic effects of infection by trypanosoma brucei gambiense on hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity. at day 28 post inoculation there was a 97% increase in liver wet weight per g body weight. a portion of the increase (21%) was accounted for by tissue edema which occurred after day 14 of infection. total hepatic cytochrome p-450 content and related total tissue mixed-function oxidase activities were decreased to ab ...	1982	7050701
gonadotrophin levels in male voles (microtus agrestis) reared in long and short photoperiods.	male voles were reared from birth to the age of 56 days in photoperiods of 16l:8d or 6l:18d. in 16l:8d testes increased 10-fold in size between the age of 14 and 56 days, and there were concomitant increases in diameter of seminiferous tubules and seminal vesicle weight. spermatozoa were present in tubules by 35 days. in 6l:18d no significant changes with age occurred in testis size, diameter of seminiferous tubules or seminal vesicle weight. lh secretion increased with age in 16l:8d, but not in ...	1982	6816930
cell cycle-dependent regulation of excision repair of uv damage.	the incision step of excision repair of uv-damaged dna, represented by the accumulation of dna strand breaks in the presence of hydroxyurea and 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine, was measured in cultured cells of microtus agrestis during quiescence and at different times after release from quiescence. the uv dose-dependent kinetics of enzymic incision change rapidly through the first cell cycle after release, with a maximum potential for enzymic incision and a minimum affinity of the incision sy ...	1982	6754399
[occurrence of white japanese field vole (microtus montebelli) in the laboratory].	some field voles with a white coat color were found in the breeding process in the laboratory, originated from a wild population captured in the riverside of the arakawa in okegawa, saitama prefecture in japan. they had been raised in a room and fed with pelleted feed for herbivore. an attempt was made to analyze their breeding records and mode of inheritance for the white coat color. as a result, the average litter size was 3.80 +/- 1.52, and the age of the first birth was 121 +/- 46.8 in days. ...	1982	6762967
[breeding and rearing of japanese field voles (microtus montebelli milne-edwards) and hungarian voles (microtus arvalis pallas) as new herbivorous laboratory animal species].	microtus species are very useful as experimental small animals with herbivorous characteristics. in this report, to approach establishment of the use of japanese field voles (m. montebelli) and hungarian voles (m. arvalis) as experimental animals, the biological characteristics, breeding methods and reproductive performance of these animal species were comparatively investigated. the number of chromosomes of m. arvalis is 12n = 46, differing from those of m. montebelli, 2n = 30. the breeding and ...	1982	6754391
effect of copulation on the hypothalamic content of gonadotrophic hormone-releasing hormone in the vole, microtus agrestis.	there was a drop of 56% in the hypothalamic content of gn-rh in female voles 5 min after mating compared with that in unmated but receptive animals. this suggests that the surge of lh in vole plasma associated with reflex ovulation is evoked by a massive release of gn-rh.	1982	7040650
experiments on habitat selection in voles: implications for the inverse distribution of two common european species.	several pairs of species of microtine rodents show inverse distributions or abundance. here i determine if the inverse abundance relationship of the bank vole clethrionomys glareolus (a forest species) and the field vole microtus agrestis (an open field species) could be explained by habitat selection. habitat selection was examined by choice experiments with combinations of soil and vegetation types, and with separate habitat factors. the effects of early experience and social behaviour were al ...	1982	28310515
morphological and histological studies on the gastric mucosa on the japanese field vole, microtus montebelli montebelli.		1981	7045473
analysis of the lh surges induced by mating and lh-rh in the vole, microtus agrestis.	female voles mated with a male and experiencing a single ejaculatory series exhibited a rapid and marked elevation of plasma lh levels. the profile of the lh surge had a broad peak 20-40 min after mating. pentobarbitone sodium administered immediately after mating did not affect the magnitude of the surge. the lh response to exogenous lh-rh ws not affected by the state of receptivity of the female or by gonadectomy. there was no evidence of any priming effect of 25 ng lh-rh on the pituitary resp ...	1981	7024538
effect of different photoperiods on testicular weight changes in the vole, microtus agrestis.	the testicular weight response of 2-week-old male voles exposed to 10, 12, 14, 15 or 16 h light (l) per day for 4 weeks and of 5-week-old males exposed from birth to 12, 13, 13.5, 14, 14.25, 14.5, 14.75, or 15 h light per day was proportional to the photoperiod: 13l or less produced little growth but 13.5l or more produced progressively heavier testes. only 14.5l and 15l gave full spermatogenesis. 'night-break' schedules produced a marked testicular response with 7l :8d :1l :8d and 7l :6d :1l :1 ...	1981	7014859
topographical relationships of synaptic ribbons in the pineal system of the vole (microtus agrestis).	in the pineal system of the vole (microtus agrestis) both the superficial and the deep pineal exhibit a high percentage of synaptic ribbons lying in intimate contact with the cell membrane of the pinealocytes. at the sites of contact, densities resembling the presynaptic dense projections of synapses are arranged between the ribbons and the cell membrane. opposite the sites of contact various elements were found. the quantitative estimation revealed that in the superficial pineal about 40% and i ...	1981	7023277
[epidemiological survey in a natural focus of rickettsia transmitted by ixodes ricinus in switzerland (author's transl)].	a spotted fever group rickettsia referred to as "swiss agent" was detected in 8.5% of ixodes ricinus collected in a marshy forest of the swiss plateau. this organism, in its tick vector, was found to be transmitted stadially as well as ovarially; of 433 larval, nymphal or adult ticks from 17 parental tick females, all were infected. a total of 3,612 larval i. ricinus were collected from 168 small mammals including 127 clethrionomys glareolus, 29 apodemus sylvaticus and flavicolis, 7 microtus agr ...	1981	7020557
[contribution to the knowledge of taenia crassiceps (zeder, 1800) rudolphi, 1810 (cestoda, taeniidae) (author's transl)].	the occurrence of taenia crassiceps in naturally infected dogs is mentioned, and a brief description of the gravid proglottids is given. oral infection of several rodent species with eggs showed that the field vole (microtus arvalis) is the most susceptible intermediate host for this tapeworm. the cysticercus often develops in the brain of the rodent and causes disturbances of coordinated movements. two foxes (vulpes vulpes) were infected with cysticerci of the strains cola and giks. these strai ...	1981	7314812
[demonstration of the virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the organs of rodents from natural foci of the infection in the ussr and the serodiagnosis of the diseases].	an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and an enzyme-immunological test (elisa) were used for the detection of hfrs virus in organs of rodents from hfrs foci in the ussr. the virus was found in 115 out of 1120 bank voles, 9 out of 92 redbacked voles, and 2 field voles examined. spontaneous infection-rate of bank voles in population varied from 1.3 to 100% correlating with the epidemiological situation in foci. ifat and elisa were successfully used for serodiagnosis of hfrs. examinations of ...	1981	6121425
karyotype analysis and quantitation of viral transforming genes in rous sarcoma virus transformed, revertant, and retransformed field vole cells.	comparative studies of the number of cellular chromosomes and viral genes, including the gene required for malignant transformation, were performed on several clones of rous sarcoma virus-transformed, revertant, and spontaneously retransformed field vole cells. the results of these studies indicate that no appreciable differences in either total viral gene equivalents or transforming gene sequences can be detected between transformed and revertant cell types, even though considerable differences ...	1981	6262017
corynebacterium kutscheri infection in wild voles (microtus agrestis).		1981	7013898
comparative effect of the three rodenticides warfarin, difenacoum and brodifacoum on eight rodent species in short feeding periods.	short laboratory feeding tests were carried out with the anticoagulants warfarin, difenacoum, and brodifacoum on a number of european rodent species: clethrionomys glareolus, microtus agrestis, m. arvalis, apodemus flavicollis, a. sylvaticus, mus musculus, rattus rattus and r. norvegicus. it was found that the toxicity to all species was highest with brodifacoum and lowest with warfarin, and that only 0.005% brodifacoum would give a complete mortality in most species after one day's feeding. the ...	1981	7019316
loss of tumorigenicity correlates with a reduction in pp60src kinase activity in a revertant subclone of avian sarcoma virus-infected field vole cells.	we have recently isolated an interesting revertant subclone (revertant 866-4) of esv-infected field vole cells that is indistinguishable from uninfected vole cells with respect to its lack of transformed cell properties. these revertants are not only normal morphologically, but they do not grow in soft agar and are nontumorigenic in athymic nude mice. despite this lack of transformed cell properties, we have found that this cell line still contains pp60src at concentrations (0.30 microgram/mg ce ...	1981	6261958
studies of mammalian chromosome replication. ii. evidence for the existence of defined chromosome replicating units.	sister chromatids of metaphase chromosomes can be differentially stained if the cells have replicated their dna semiconservatively for two cell cycles in a medium containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine (brdu). when prematurely condensed chromosomes (pcc) are induced in cells during the second s phase after brdu is added to the medium, the replicated chromosome segments show sister chromatid differential (scd) staining. employing this pcc-scd system on synchronous and asynchronous chinese hamster ovary ( ...	1981	7028418
cyclic population changes in three mouse species in the same woodland.	in two forest areas of west berlin the population-changes in three mouse species have been investigated over 28 years (1952-1979). significant changes in absolute density have been established for the short-tailed vole (microtus agrestis) at 5-year intervals, for the common vole (microtus arvalis) at 4-year intervals, and for the yellow-necked field mouse (apodemus flavicollis) at 3-year intervals. the investigations were based on a total of 43,535 small vertebrates, 90% of which had been found ...	1981	28309926
infections with blood parasites in the small british rodents apodemus sylvaticus, clethrionomys glareolus and microtus agrestis.	three populations of small wild british rodents were studied by capture-recapture methods over a period of 3 years, a fourth group was studied for 1 year and a fifth was sampled annually for 4 years. blood smears were taken from 3 species of rodents: the woodmouse apodemus sylvaticus, the bank vole clethrionomys glareolus (and an island sub-species c.g. skomerensis) and the short-tailed vole microtus agrestis. the smears were examined microscopically. four genera of haemoparasites babesia, hepat ...	1981	7022328
allozyme variation in natural populations of field vole (microtus agrestis l.). ii. survey of an isolated island population.		1980	7002877
allozyme variation in natural populations of field vole (microtus agrestis l.). iii. survey of a cyclically density-varying population.		1980	7002878
association of pp60src and src protein kinase activity with the plasma membrane of nonpermissive and permissive avian sarcoma virus-infected cells.	the intracellular localization of pp60src and src protein kinase activity in avian sarcoma virus (asv)-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts and transformed and morphologically reverted field vole cells was examined by subcellular fractionation procedures. fractionation by differential centrifugation of dounce-homogenized cellular extracts prepared from vole cells showed that 83 to 91% of pp60src sedimented with particulate subcellular components from both transformed and revertant vole cells. a s ...	1980	6257928
[organization of mammalian genome replication: data on the high rate of dna replication in replicons of structural heterochromatin].	by the autoradiography, the increase of the mean rate of replication fork movement in dna was shown for human skin fibroblasts during s-period induced by reseeding the stationary culture; the portion of high-rate replicons growing parallel to the increase in numbers of cells, in which the constitutive heterochromatin was replicating. furthermore, the heterogeneity of replicons was investigated in regard to the rate of dna chain growth in asynchronous cell populations of human and three rodent sp ...	1980	6998067
[the life-history of sarcocystis singaporensis zaman and colley, 1976 in the definitive and intermediate host (author's transl)].	sporulated oocysts and sporocysts (9.3 x 7.3 micrometer) of sarcocystis singaporensis - isolated from freshly imported snakes (python reticulatus) - were fed to various animals to test their function as suitable intermediate hosts (nmri-mice, albino rats, meriones unguiculatus, golden hamsters, guinea pigs, mastomys natalensis, field-voles [microtus arvalis], pigeons, and chickens). only in rats were muscle-cysts formed. the optimal dose was 150 sporocysts per rat. two generations of merogony co ...	1980	6771934
[studies of the ecology of some blood protozoa of wild small mammals in north germany (author's transl)].	in 1977 and 1978, 696 small mammals of 9 different species were surveyed for protozoal blood parasites. the following parasites were found: hepatozoon sylvatici in apodemus flavicollis, h. erhardovae and trypanosoma evotomys in clethrionomys glareolus, t. microti and babesia microti in microtus agrestis and t. croicidurae in crocidura russula. h. erhardovae showed regularly high infection-rates (more than 70%) during all the years in 1977 and 1978. h. sylvatici was found only in 5.6% of the yell ...	1980	6104423
a note on the ploidy of purkinje cells; sex chromatin in field vole (microtus agrestis) and man.	examination of sex chromatin bodies in purkinje cell nuclei suggests only a diploid chromosomal content: there is no increase in number or size above that seen in diploid cells.	1980	6990292
prevalence of pneumocystis carinii delanoë & delanoë, 1912 in rodents in denmark.	pneumocystis carinii has been found in 17 of 90 (19%) wild living trapped brown rats (rattus norvegicus). the positive brown rats originated from about 25% of the trapping localities examined. among brown rats of two breeding stocks, h and s, pneumocysts were found in 43.5% of the h rats, but in none of the s rats. by keeping brown h rats on a low protein diet for 8 weeks, it was possible to augment the prevalence to 53.8%. pneumocystis carinii has furthermore been found in one of eight (12.5%) ...	1980	6965782
allozyme variation in natural populations of field vole (microtus agrestis l.). i. survey of the 'semi-stable' population in southern sweden.		1980	6991456
cerebrospinal fluid-contacting area in the pineal recess of the vole (microtus agrestis), guinea pig (cavia cobaya), and rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta).	the ventricular lining in the pineal recess of the vole (microtus agrestis), guinea pig (cavia cobaya) and rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) was investigated light and electron microscopically. deep in the pineal recess of all three species the ependymal lining exhibits interruptions. a varying proportion of pinealocytes penetrates through this ependymal area, so that the surface of the protruding cells is directly exposed to the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). at their base, these cells are anchored in ...	1980	6996824
the development of field vole (microtus agrestis) and mouse blastocysts in vitro: a study of trophoblast cell migration.	outgrowth of field vole blastocysts and their constituent tissues in vitro results in the appearance of trophoblast giant cell monolayers plus migratory cells of two types. the large migratory cells, which are never seen in mouse outgrowths, resemble trophoblast giant cells in morphology and dna content. they probably correspond to giant cells which have been observed to migrate throughout the endometrium of vole implantation sites in vivo. it is suggested that their appearance in vitro may depe ...	1980	7003579
a serological proof of adiaspiromycosis in wild rodents.	using serological and histological methods, we examined 92 specimens of small, wild rodents (apodemus sylvaticus, clethrionomys glareolus, micromys minutus, microtus agrestis, m. arvalis, mus musculus and pitymys subterraneus) for the incidence of adiaspiromycosis. in addition, we examined 16 white, laboratory mice after their exposure to a natural biotope in which the incidence of adiaspiromycosis had been confirmed earlier. the results of serological tests were in correlation with those obtain ...	1980	7450616
effects of age on photo-induced testicular regression, recrudescence, and refractoriness in the short-tailed field vole microtus agrestis.		1980	6998517
effect of bromocriptine treatment on the ovulatory response to oestradiol benzoate in the reflex ovulator, microtus agrestis.	in some animals which ovulate spontaneously, oestrogen may stimulate prolactin secretion and high levels of prolactin may inhibit steroid-induced surges of lh. the possibility was investigated that such conditions were operating in the reflex ovulator microtus agrestis to prevent spontaneous ovulation. however, bromocriptine treatment to suppress prolactin secretion did not enhance the poor ovulatory response to administration of oestradiol benzoate.	1980	6988538
spontaneous intestinal constipation of the japanese field vole (microtus montebelli) in a laboratory colony.		1980	7022230
acceleration of ovarian follicle maturation of female caused by male in microtus agrestis and clethrionomys glareolus.		1980	7004917
feulgen-dna changes in the germ cells of the male vole (microtus agrestis) during their development.	consistent with changes in ploidy during germ cell maturation, the quantity of feulgen dna in round spermatids of voles is approximately a quarter of that in primary spermatocytes. the amount increases slightly in elongated spermatids, and then declines in spermatozoa from the testis, epididymis and vas deferens, below the level of round spermatids. simultaneously nuclear area decreases so that in spermatozoa it is about one tenth that of primary spermatocytes. the rise in feulgen dna in elongat ...	1980	6760273
microtus oeconomus (rodentia), a useful mammal for studying the induction of sex-chromosome nondisjunction and diploid gametes in male germ cells.	preliminary data indicate that chemicals can also increase the frequency of sex-chromosome nondisjunction. positive results--which certainly need further confirmation--have been obtained for mms, p-fluorophenylalanine, vincristine, procarbazine, carbendazim, and bleomycin. nocodazole, benomyl, colcemic, 6-mercaptopurine, and halothane were all negative at the concentrations tested. for the induction of diploid spermatids positive results were only obtained for mms and parafluorophenylalanine. in ...	1979	387396
repair and survival after uv in quiescent and proliferating microtus agrestis cells: different rates of incision and different dependence on dna precursor supply.	cultured cells of microtus agrestis, the common field vole, perform unscheduled dna synthesis after uv irradiation. they respond to incubation with a dna synthesis inhibitor (1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine) following uv in ways typical of cells capable of excision repair, with reduced survival and an accumulation of breaks in pre-existing dna. microtus cells irradiated with uv in a quiescent pre-s-phase state are more sensitive to uv than are proliferating cells, in terms of survival. adding ...	1979	379024
testis development in the vole, microtus agrestis, subjected to long or short photoperiods from birth.	voles exposed to long photoperiods (16l:8d) from birth became sexually mature at 40-45 days and remained so up to the end of the experiment at 6 months of age. in short photoperiods development was inhibited up to 60 days but the majority of males became sexually mature between 4 and 6 months of age.	1979	374729
evidence for a coitally induced 'mnemonic' involved in luteal function in the vole (microtus agrestis).	the development of luteal function in the vole is dependent on a neuroendocrine reflex which is initially activated by mating. bromocriptine was used to destroy the cl initially induced by mating and fresh cl were induced by hormone treatment. the fate of such newly formed cl suggested that the luteotrophic effect of mating continued for about 10 days after mating, despite the destruction of the original mating-induced cl. the luteotrophic effect of mating therefore seems to be 'remembered'. a s ...	1979	390136
pregnancy blockage and the memory of the stud male in the vole (microtus agrestis).	when female voles were allowed contact with the stud male for only 1 h at the time of mating, 55% exhibited pregnancy failure when exposed to a strange male 48 h later. when females were made psuedopregnant by hormone treatment and vaginal stimulation (i.e. no stud male involved), 87% exhibited luteal failure when exposed to a strange male. it is suggested that the characteristics of the stud male are rapidly imprinted upon the female at the time of mating and that this imprinting is important i ...	1979	390135
pathomorphologic findings in short-tailed voles (microtus agrestis) experimentally-infected with frenkelia microti.	following oral infection of microtus agrestis with sporocysts of frenkelia microti, transient focal necrosis and cellular infiltrations in the liver, hyperplasia of lymphoid organs, and inflammatory infiltrations in the heart, pulmonary veins, skeletal muscles and brain occurred during the first asexual multiplication period of the parasite in the liver. frenkelia cysts were first observed in the brain 23 days after infection.	1979	113563
morphological revertants of an avian sarcoma virus-transformed mammalian cell line exhibit tumorigenicity and contain pp60src.	the biological and biochemical properties of rous sarcoma virus-transformed and revertant field vole cells were investigated. revertant vole cells appear morphologically similar to normal, uninfected cells, yet, like transformed vole cells, they are fully capable of growing in agar suspension and producing tumors in athymic nude mice. these highly tumorigenic, yet morphologically normal appearing, vole cells express viral-specific antigens such as the gag gene product (pr76) but lack the env gen ...	1979	226988
nature of rous sarcoma virus-specific rna in transformed and revertant field vole cells.	cytoplasmic and polyribosomal rnas from rous sarcoma virus-transformed and phenotypically reverted field vole cells were fractionated by rate-zonal sedimentation and hybridized with a (3)h-labeled complementary dna viral probe to determine the size classes of virus-specific rna present in these cell types. in contrast to rous sarcoma virus-infected permissive avian cells, only two of three discrete species of virus-specific rna were detected in the cytoplasm of these vole cells. these included g ...	1979	219246
babesia microti: morphology, distribution and host relationship in germany.	a short review has been given about recent studies on babesia microti in natural animal host's near munich (southern germany). an infected area has been studied in order to elucidate the outdoor relationship between the local strains and their preferred hosts, the european field vole microtus agrestis. the seasonal variation of the parasites prevalence in voles shows a rise in the early summertime (71% of the catches infected). roundish forms predominate in the erythrocytes. multiplication never ...	1979	388948
anatomy of the cecum of the dwarf hamster (phodopus sungorus).	the cecal anatomy of the dwarf hamster, phodopus sungorus, was investigated macroscopically and at the light, transmission electron microscopic and scanning electron microscopic levels. in addition, the arterial supply to the cecum and connecting mesenteries were elucidated. the cecum is divisible into an ampulla ceci and a corpus ceci. in the former, the differentiation of the ileocecal orifice and circumventing fold is described. scanning electron microscopically, the surface topography of the ...	1979	525821
anatomy of the cecum of the vole, microtus agrestis.	the anatomy of the cecum of the vole, microtus agrestis, was investigated using macroscopic dissections, "wet" and dried total specimens, and correlated light, scanning and electron microscopy. the cecum of the vole reveals a series of structural differentiations including a mural lip in the ampulla ceci and a spiral fold in the corpus ceci. the mucosa covering the cecal wall possesses short, wide-opened crypts and differs from the classical descriptions of the large intestinal mucosa. fine stru ...	1979	391099
microtus agrestis and clethrionomys glareolus as experimental hosts of new world leishmania.		1979	386966
[further studies on host range and life cycle of frenkelia microti from the field vole].		1978	358682
peptide analysis of the transformation-specific antigen from avian sarcoma virus-transformed cells.	sera from rabbits bearing tumors induced by avian sarcoma virus (asv) were ussed to immunopecipitate virus-specific proteins from extracts of chicken, hamster, and field vole cells transformed by asv. two virus-specific proteins having molecular weights of 76,000 and 60,000 were found in all cell lines examined. the 76,000-molecular-weight protein, pr76, is the precursor to the internal core proteins of asv. the 60,000-molecular-weight (60k) transformation-specific antigen from each cell line wa ...	1978	209218
quantitation and localization of rous sarcoma virus-specific rna in transformed and revertant field vole cells.	hybridization analysis of rna from transformed clones of rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-infected field vole cells and revertant subclones indicated the presence of similar amounts of viral-specific rna in both cell types. employing both a relatively uniform and representative complementary dna probe and genomelength complementary dna, we have demonstrated that the majority of rsv proviral dna is transcribed into viral-specific rna in both transformed and revertant clones. the viral-specific rna is pre ...	1978	203719
the feedback of exogenous steroids on lh release and ovulation in the intact female vole (microtus agrestis).	female voles were subjected to various regimens of subcutaneous injections of oestradiol-17beta, oestradiol benzoate and/or progesterone. ovulation occurred in only a few of the mature females and in none of the immature animals. there was no indication of any increased lh levels in blood samples taken every 2 h for 50 h after 150 microgram oestradiol-17beta.	1978	364048