Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the effects of gap size on some microclimate variables during late summer and autumn in a temperate broadleaved deciduous forest. | the creation of gaps can strongly influence forest regeneration and habitat diversity within forest ecosystems. however, the precise characteristics of such effects depend, to a large extent, upon the way in which gaps modify microclimate and soil water content. hence, the aim of this study was to understand the effects of gap creation and variations in gap size on forest microclimate and soil water content. the study site, in north west england, was a mixed temperate broadleaved deciduous fores ... | 2010 | 19763632 |
| tree and stand growth of mature norway spruce and european beech under long-term ozone fumigation. | in a 50- to 70-year-old mixed stand of norway spruce (picea abies (l.) karst.) and european beech (fagus sylvatica l.) in germany, tree cohorts have been exposed to double ambient ozone (2xo(3)) from 2000 through 2007 and can be compared with trees in the same stand under the ambient ozone regime (1xo(3)). annual diameter growth, allocation pattern, stem form, and stem volume were quantified at the individual tree and stand level. ozone fumigation induced a shift in the resource allocation into ... | 2010 | 19713019 |
| belowground effects of enhanced tropospheric ozone and drought in a beech/spruce forest (fagus sylvatica l./picea abies [l.] karst). | the effects of experimentally elevated o(3) on soil respiration rates, standing fine-root biomass, fine-root production and delta(13)c signature of newly produced fine roots were investigated in an adult european beech/norway spruce forest in germany during two subsequent years with contrasting rainfall patterns. during humid 2002, soil respiration rate was enhanced under elevated o(3) under beech and spruce, and was related to o(3)-stimulated fine-root production only in beech. during dry 2003, ... | 2010 | 19682778 |
| mechanical behaviour analyses of sap ascent in vascular plants. | a pure mechanical anisotropic model of a tree trunk has been developed based on the 3d finite element method. it simulates the microscopic structure of vessels in the trunk of a european beech (fagus sylvatica) in order to study and analyse its mechanical behaviour with different configurations of pressures in the conduits of xylem and phloem. the dependence of the strains at the inner bark was studied when sap pressure changed. the comparison with previously published experimental data leads to ... | 2010 | 21886343 |
| transcriptional signatures in leaves of adult european beech trees (fagus sylvatica l.) in an experimentally enhanced free air ozone setting. | tropospheric ozone causes severe oxidative stress in plants. to investigate the transcriptional responsiveness of adult trees to ozone, fully-expanded sun and shade leaves of mature beech trees were harvested at four time points over the entire vegetation period in 2005 and 2006. microarray analyses were conducted on leaves from trees grown in the field under ambient and twice-ambient ozone concentrations at kranzberger forst (bavaria). beech trees changed their transcript levels in response to ... | 2010 | 19744757 |
| the importance of biotic factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter. | increasing atmospheric co(2) and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. the extent to which these predictions are influenced by biotic factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different factors interact, is not well understood. in a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (fagus sylvatica, quercus p ... | 2010 | 20033823 |
| leaf litter decomposition in temperate deciduous forest stands with a decreasing fraction of beech (fagus sylvatica). | we hypothesised that the decomposition rates of leaf litter will increase along a gradient of decreasing fraction of the european beech (fagus sylvatica) and increasing tree species diversity in the generally beech-dominated central european temperate deciduous forests due to an increase in litter quality. we studied the decomposition of leaf litter including its lignin fraction in monospecific (pure beech) stands and in stands with up to five tree genera (acer spp., carpinus betulus, fagus sylv ... | 2010 | 20596729 |
| proteomic approach to analyze dormancy breaking of tree seeds. | in forest broadleaves from the temperate zone, a large number of species exhibit seed dormancy phenomena. tree seeds show some of the most pronounced and complicated forms of dormancy in the plant kingdom. many seeds are deeply physiologically dormant whatever their moisture level and age. however, dormancy can usually be overcome by a cold or warm stratification for several months. the transition from seed dormancy to germination is a multi-step process. in combination with the availability of ... | 2010 | 20306286 |
| twenty years of biological monitoring of element concentrations in permanent forest and grassland plots in baden-württemberg (sw germany). | environmental monitoring of pollutants in international or local programmes has enabled authorities to evaluate the success of political measures over time. strict environmental legislation and the introduction of cleaner technologies have already led to significant improvements of the air and water quality in many countries. still, the discharge and deposition of anthropogenic long-range transported pollutants often remain above the critical thresholds and long-term targets defined for terrestr ... | 2010 | 19455359 |
| host preferences and differential contributions of deciduous tree species shape mycorrhizal species richness in a mixed central european forest. | mycorrhizal species richness and host ranges were investigated in mixed deciduous stands composed of fagus sylvatica, tilia spp., carpinus betulus, acer spp., and fraxinus excelsior. acer and fraxinus were colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizas and contributed 5% to total stand mycorrhizal fungal species richness. tilia hosted similar and carpinus half the number of ectomycorrhizal (em) fungal taxa compared with fagus (75 putative taxa). the relative abundance of the host tree the em fungal richnes ... | 2010 | 20886243 |
| water fluxes within beech stands in complex terrain. | we investigated the water balances of two beech stands (fagus sylvatica l.) on opposite slopes (ne, sw) of a narrow valley near tuttlingen in the southern swabian jura, a low mountain range in southwest germany. our analysis combines results from continuous measurements of forest meteorological variables significant to the forest water balance, stand transpiration (st) estimates from sap flow measurements, and model simulations of microclimate and water fluxes. two different forest hydrological ... | 2010 | 19629535 |
| down-regulation of defense genes and resource allocation into infected roots as factors for compatibility between fagus sylvatica and phytophthora citricola. | phytophthora citricola is a wide spread and highly aggressive pathogen of fagus sylvatica. the hemibiotrophic oomycete infects the roots and establishes a compatible interaction with f. sylvatica. to investigate the transcriptional changes associated with p. citricola infection, 68 custom oligo-microarray measurements were conducted. hierarchical as well as non-hierarchical clustering was carried out to analyze the expression profiles. experimental setup includes a time scale covering the biotro ... | 2010 | 19813036 |
| changes in susceptibility of beech (fagus sylvatica) seedlings towards phytophthora citricola under the influence of elevated atmospheric co2 and nitrogen fertilization. | the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis (gdbh) predicts changes in susceptibility of plants against herbivores with changing resource availability. in the presented study we tested the validity of the gdbh for trees infected with a root pathogen. for this purpose fagus sylvatica seedlings grown under different atmospheric co(2)- and soil nitrogen regimes were infected with the root pathogen phytophthora citricola. high nitrogen supply increased total biomass of beech regardless of the co(2 ... | 2010 | 19880228 |
| fine root decomposition rates do not mirror those of leaf litter among temperate tree species. | elucidating the function of and patterns among plant traits above ground has been a major research focus, while the patterns and functioning of belowground traits remain less well understood. even less well known is whether species differences in leaf traits and their associated biogeochemical effects are mirrored by differences in root traits and their effects. we studied fine root decomposition and n dynamics in a common garden study of 11 temperate european and north american tree species (ab ... | 2010 | 19882174 |
| the nuclear interactor pyl8/rcar3 of fagus sylvatica fspp2c1 is a positive regulator of abscisic acid signaling in seeds and stress. | the functional protein phosphatase type 2c from beechnut (fagus sylvatica; fspp2c1) was a negative regulator of abscisic acid (aba) signaling in seeds. in this report, to get deeper insight on fspp2c1 function, we aim to identify pp2c-interacting partners. two closely related members (pyl8/rcar3 and pyl7/rcar2) of the arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) betv i family were shown to bind fspp2c1 in a yeast two-hybrid screening and in an aba-independent manner. by transient expression of fspp2c1 and ... | 2010 | 19889877 |
| thermal acclimation of leaf dark respiration of beech seedlings experiencing summer drought in high and low light environments. | little is known about how environmental factors shape the short- and long-term responses of leaf respiration to temperature under field conditions despite the importance of respiration for plant and stand carbon balances. impacts of water availability and canopy cover on leaf dark respiration (r) and temperature sensitivity were assessed in beech (fagus sylvatica l.) seedlings in a sub-mediterranean population. we studied seedlings established within canopy gaps (39% global site factor; gsf) tha ... | 2010 | 20007131 |
| does nitrogen deposition increase forest production? the role of phosphorus. | effects of elevated n deposition on forest aboveground biomass were evaluated using long-term data from n addition experiments and from forest observation plots in switzerland. n addition experiments with saplings were established both on calcareous and on acidic soils, in 3 plots with fagus sylvatica and in 4 plots with picea abies. the treatments were conducted during 15 years and consisted of additions of dry nh4no3 at rates of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 kg n ha(-1) yr(-1). the same tree spec ... | 2010 | 20015583 |
| age-related variation in carbon allocation at tree and stand scales in beech (fagus sylvatica l.) and sessile oak (quercus petraea (matt.) liebl.) using a chronosequence approach. | two types of physiological mechanisms can contribute to growth decline with age: (i) the mechanisms leading to the reduction of carbon assimilation (input) and (ii) those leading to modification of the resource economy. surprisingly, the processes relating to carbon allocation have been little investigated as compared to research on the processes governing carbon assimilation. the objective of this paper was thus to test the hypothesis that growth decrease related to age is accompanied by change ... | 2010 | 20018984 |
| combining sap flow and eddy covariance approaches to derive stomatal and non-stomatal o3 fluxes in a forest stand. | stomatal o3 fluxes to a mixed beech/spruce stand (fagus sylvatica/picea abies) in central europe were determined using two different approaches. the sap flow technique yielded the tree-level transpiration, whereas the eddy covariance method provided the stand-level evapotranspiration. both data were then converted into stomatal ozone fluxes, exemplifying this novel concept for july 2007. sap flow-based stomatal o3 flux was 33% of the total o3 flux, whereas derivation from evapotranspiration rate ... | 2010 | 20056523 |
| simulating stand climate, phenology, and photosynthesis of a forest stand with a process-based growth model. | in the face of climate change and accompanying risks, forest management in europe is becoming increasingly important. model simulations can help to understand the reactions and feedbacks of a changing environment on tree growth. in order to simulate forest growth based on future climate change scenarios, we tested the basic processes underlying the growth model balance, simulating stand climate (air temperature, photosynthetically active radiation (par) and precipitation), tree phenology, and ph ... | 2010 | 20084520 |
| girdling affects ectomycorrhizal fungal (emf) diversity and reveals functional differences in emf community composition in a beech forest. | the relationships between plant carbon resources, soil carbon and nitrogen content, and ectomycorrhizal fungal (emf) diversity in a monospecific, old-growth beech (fagus sylvatica) forest were investigated by manipulating carbon flux by girdling. we hypothesized that disruption of the carbon supply would not affect diversity and emf species numbers if em fungi can be supplied by plant internal carbohydrate resources or would result in selective disappearance of emf taxa because of differences in ... | 2010 | 20097809 |
| phytophthora morindae, a new species causing black flag disease on noni (morinda citrifolia l) in hawaii. | a homothallic, papillate phytophthora species causing foliar and fruit blight of noni (morinda citrifolia var. citrifolia) in hawaii was identified. the asexual phase of this species is characterized by the production of umbellate sporangiophores and papillate sporangia that are ellipsoid and obpyriform with conspicuously tapered bases and possess caducous, medium to long pedicels. the sexual phase is characterized by the production of oogonia with tapered bases, small amphigynous antheridia and ... | 2010 | 20120235 |
| biomass and nutrient content of sessile oak (quercus petraea (matt.) liebl.) and beech (fagus sylvatica l.) stem and branches in a mixed stand in southern belgium. | accurate estimates of the amounts of nutrients immobilised in the organs and tissues of different tree species are of prime importance to make appropriate tree species selection and determine the harvesting regime that will ensure forest sustainability. sixteen sessile oaks (quercus petraea (matt.) liebl.) (64-129years; stem diameters: 17-57cm) and twelve beeches (fagus sylvatica l.) (43-86years; stem diameters: 9-50cm) were destructively sampled from a mixed stand located on an acid brown soil ... | 2010 | 20231032 |
| different atmospheric methane-oxidizing communities in european beech and norway spruce soils. | norway spruce (picea abies) forests exhibit lower annual atmospheric methane consumption rates than do european beech (fagus sylvatica) forests. in the current study, pmoa (encoding a subunit of membrane-bound ch(4) monooxygenase) genes from three temperate forest ecosystems with both beech and spruce stands were analyzed to assess the potential effect of tree species on methanotrophic communities. a pmoa sequence difference of 7% at the derived protein level correlated with the species-level di ... | 2010 | 20348309 |
| mechanism of antibacterial activity of the white-rot fungus hypholoma fasciculare colonizing wood. | in a previous study it was shown that the number of wood-inhabiting bacteria was drastically reduced after colonization of beech (fagus sylvatica) wood blocks by the white-rot fungus hypholoma fasciculare, or sulfur tuft (folman et al. 2008). here we report on the mechanisms of this fungal-induced antibacterial activity. hypholoma fasciculare was allowed to invade beech and pine (pinus sylvestris) wood blocks that had been precolonized by microorganisms from forest soil. the changes in the numbe ... | 2010 | 20555400 |
| enhanced ozone strongly reduces carbon sink strength of adult beech (fagus sylvatica)--resume from the free-air fumigation study at kranzberg forest. | ground-level ozone (o(3)) has gained awareness as an agent of climate change. in this respect, key results are comprehended from a unique 8-year free-air o(3)-fumigation experiment, conducted on adult beech (fagus sylvatica) at kranzberg forest (germany). a novel canopy o(3) exposure methodology was employed that allowed whole-tree assessment in situ under twice-ambient o(3) levels. elevated o(3) significantly weakened the c sink strength of the tree-soil system as evidenced by lowered photosynt ... | 2010 | 20570421 |
| below-ground carbon allocation in mature beech and spruce trees following long-term, experimentally enhanced o3 exposure in southern germany. | canopies of adult european beech (fagus sylvatica) and norway spruce (picea abies) were labeled with co(2) depleted in (13)c to evaluate carbon allocation belowground. one-half the trees were exposed to elevated o(3) for 6 yrs prior to and during the experiment. soil-gas sampling wells were placed at 8 and 15 cm and soil co(2) was sampled during labeling in mid-late august, 2006. in beech, delta(13)co(2) at both depths decreased approximately 50 h after labeling, reflecting rapid translocation o ... | 2010 | 20641169 |
| ecology of coarse wood decomposition by the saprotrophic fungus fomes fomentarius. | saprotrophic wood-inhabiting basidiomycetes are the most important decomposers of lignin and cellulose in dead wood and as such they attracted considerable attention. the aims of this work were to quantify the activity and spatial distribution of extracellular enzymes in coarse wood colonised by the white-rot basidiomycete fomes fomentarius and in adjacent fruitbodies of the fungus and to analyse the diversity of the fungal and bacterial community in a fungus-colonised wood and its potential eff ... | 2010 | 20668917 |
| the ecological significance of phenology in four different tree species: effects of light and temperature on bud burst. | the process of adaptation is the result of stabilising selection caused by two opposite forces: protection against an unfavourable season (survival adaptation), and effective use of growing resources (capacity adaptation). as plant species have evolved different life strategies based on different trade offs between survival and capacity adaptations, different phenological responses are also expected among species. the aim of this study was to compare budburst responses of two opportunistic speci ... | 2010 | 21113629 |
| assessing the long-term species composition predicted by prognaus. | tree growth models are supposed to contain stand growth laws as so called "emergent properties" which derive from interactions of individual-tree growth and mortality functions. this study investigates whether the evolving tree species composition in a long term simulation by the distance-independent tree growth model prognaus matches the species composition of the potential natural vegetation type which is expected to occur if one refrains from further management interventions and major disturb ... | 2010 | 21151325 |
| evidence for a role of gibberellins in salicylic acid-modulated early plant responses to abiotic stress in arabidopsis seeds. | exogenous application of gibberellic acid (ga(3)) was able to reverse the inhibitory effect of salt, oxidative, and heat stresses in the germination and seedling establishment of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), this effect being accompanied by an increase in salicylic acid (sa) levels, a hormone that in recent years has been implicated in plant responses to abiotic stress. furthermore, this treatment induced an increase in the expression levels of the isochorismate synthase1 and nonexpressor ... | 2009 | 19439570 |
| short-term dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrates and hemicelluloses in young branches of temperate forest trees during bud break. | nonstructural carbohydrates (nsc) are the most important c reserves in the tissues of deciduous and evergreen tree species. besides nsc, cell-wall hemicelluloses as the second most abundant polysaccharides in plants have often been discussed to serve as additional mobile carbon (c) reserves during periods of enhanced carbon-sink activities. to assess the significance of hemicelluloses as mobile carbon reserves, branches of two deciduous (carpinus betulus l. and fagus sylvatica l.) and two evergr ... | 2009 | 19457884 |
| high chloroplast haplotype diversity in greek populations of beech (fagus sylvatica l.). | the distribution of chloroplast dna (cpdna) variations in greek beech (fagus sylvatica l.) populations was studied using chloroplast microsatellite markers. thirteen haplotypes were identified from 40 populations by combining three different primers. most of the cpdna variation was distributed among populations, but a considerable variation was also observed within populations. the total diversity was very high for all regions. the n(st)/g(st) comparison was significant, indicating phylogenetic ... | 2009 | 19470113 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of responses to pathogen infection and wounding in fagus sylvatica. | defense responses of fagus sylvatica seedlings elicited by infection with the root pathogen phytophthora citricola and root or leaf wounding were compared at local and systemic levels in differential display experiments using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by homology-driven mass spectrometric identification of proteins. a total of 68 protein spots were identified representing 51 protein functions related to protein synthesis and processing, energy, primary and secondary metabolism ... | 2009 | 19575529 |
| in vitro anticancer potential of tree extracts from the walloon region forest. | forty-eight extracts from 16 common belgian trees from the walloon region forest were evaluated for in vitro growth inhibitory activity against the human lovo colon cancer, pc3 prostate cancer, and u373 glioblastoma cell lines. our study was performed with the aim of selecting plant candidates in order to later isolate new anticancer compounds from an easily affordable tree material. extracts from alnus glutinosa (stem bark), carpinus betulus (leaves and stem bark), castanea sativa (stem bark), ... | 2009 | 19579185 |
| seed dispersal patterns in a temperate forest during a mast event: performance of alternative dispersal kernels. | seed dispersal patterns were studied in a north-western spain temperate forest community to assess the performances of alternative dispersal kernels during two years with ecologically contrasting scenarios; a non-mast year, and a mast year of the dominant canopy species, beech fagus sylvatica. dispersal kernels were fitted under a bayesian modeling framework. both simple and mixture kernels were considered for the five more abundant tree species (corylus avellana, crataegus monogyna, f. sylvatic ... | 2009 | 19018573 |
| validation of the stomatal flux approach for the assessment of ozone visible injury in young forest trees. results from the top (transboundary ozone pollution) experiment at curno, italy. | this paper summarises some of the main results of a two-year experiment carried out in an open-top chambers facility in northern italy. seedlings of populus nigra, fagus sylvatica, quercus robur and fraxinus excelsior have been subjected to different ozone treatments (charcoal-filtered and non-filtered air) and soil moisture regimes (irrigated and non-irrigated plots). stomatal conductance models were applied and parameterised under south alpine environmental conditions and stomatal ozone fluxes ... | 2009 | 19019512 |
| sapling herbivory, invertebrate herbivores and predators across a natural tree diversity gradient in germany's largest connected deciduous forest. | tree species-rich forests are hypothesised to be less susceptible to insect herbivores, but so far herbivory-diversity relationships have rarely been tested for tree saplings, and no such study has been published for deciduous forests in central europe. we expected that diverse tree communities reduce the probability of detection of host plants and increase abundance of predators, thereby reducing herbivory. we examined levels of herbivory suffered by beech (fagus sylvatica l.) and maple sapling ... | 2009 | 19238448 |
| identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes from fagus sylvatica roots after infection with phytophthora citricola. | phytophthora species are major plant pathogens infecting herbaceous and woody plants including european beech, the dominant or co-dominant tree in temperate europe and an economically important species. for the analysis of the interaction of phytophthora citricola with fagus sylvatica suppression subtractive hybridization was used to isolate transcripts induced during infection and 1,149 sequences were generated. hybridizations with driver and tester populations demonstrated differential express ... | 2009 | 19290528 |
| is energy supply the trigger for reproductive activity in male edible dormice (glis glis)? | in edible dormice (glis glis) reproduction is synchronised with the intermittent masting of the european beech (fagus sylvatica). in years of mast failure dormouse males seem to anticipate future low food availability and fail to develop functional testes. we hypothesised that the availability of high-quality food is linked to male reproductive capacity, because of high male energetic demands during gonad maturation. we therefore evaluated the relationship between beech seed production and male ... | 2009 | 19430940 |
| responses of canopy duration to temperature changes in four temperate tree species: relative contributions of spring and autumn leaf phenology. | while changes in spring phenological events due to global warming have been widely documented, changes in autumn phenology, and therefore in growing season length, are less studied and poorly understood. however, it may be helpful to assess the potential lengthening of the growing season under climate warming in order to determine its further impact on forest productivity and c balance. the present study aimed to: (1) characterise the sensitivity of leaf phenological events to temperature, and ( ... | 2009 | 19449036 |
| an external heat pulse method for measurement of sap flow through fruit pedicels, leaf petioles and other small-diameter stems. | the external heat ratio method is described for measurement of low rates of sap flow in both directions through stems and other plant organs, including fruit pedicels, with diameters up to 5 mm and flows less than 2 g h(-1). calibration was empirical, with heat pulse velocity (v(h)) compared to gravimetric measurements of sap flow. in the four stem types tested (actinidia sp. fruit pedicels, schefflera arboricola petioles, pittosporum crassifolium stems and fagus sylvatica stems), v(h) was linea ... | 2009 | 19671100 |
| the chlorophyll-containing orchid corallorhiza trifida derives little carbon through photosynthesis. | while measurements of tissue stable isotope signatures and isotope mixing models have suggested that the green orchid corallorhiza trifida is photosynthetically active and hence only partially mycoheterotrophic, these assumptions have not been validated by direct analysis of carbon assimilation. the photosynthetic capabilities of three orchid species assumed on the basis of the indirect methods or chlorophyll content to have differing trophic strategies: neottia nidus-avis (fully mycoheterotroph ... | 2009 | 19402877 |
| within-canopy and ozone fumigation effects on delta13c and delta18o in adult beech (fagus sylvatica) trees: relation to meteorological and gas exchange parameters. | in this study, the effects of different light intensities either in direct sunlight or in the shade crown of adult beech (fagus sylvatica l.) trees on delta13c and delta18o were determined under ambient (1 x o3) and twice-ambient (2 x o3) atmospheric ozone concentrations during two consecutive years (2003 and 2004). we analysed the isotopic composition in leaf bulk, leaf cellulose, phloem and xylem material and related the results to (a) meteorological data (air temperature, t and relative humid ... | 2009 | 19734546 |
| summer drought impedes beech seedling performance more in a sub-mediterranean forest understory than in small gaps. | refugia of mixed beech forest persist in the central mountains of the iberian peninsula at the south-western limit of european beech (fagus sylvatica l.) distribution. the lack of beech regeneration is a concern in this region that has experienced reduced rainfall and higher temperatures over the past 30 years. beech is considered especially susceptible to climate change because of its conservative shade-tolerant growth strategy; hence seedling responses to drought stress in gaps and in the unde ... | 2009 | 19203950 |
| effects of chronic elevated ozone exposure on gas exchange responses of adult beech trees (fagus sylvatica) as related to the within-canopy light gradient. | the effects of elevated o3 on photosynthetic properties in adult beech trees (fagus sylvatica) were investigated in relation to leaf mass per area as a measure of the gradually changing, within-canopy light availability. leaves under elevated o3 showed decreased stomatal conductance at unchanged carboxylation capacity of rubisco, which was consistent with enhanced delta 13c of leaf organic matter, regardless of the light environment during growth. in parallel, increased energy demand for o3 deto ... | 2009 | 18976843 |
| rhizospheric no interacts with the acquisition of reduced n sources by the roots of european beech (fagus sylvatica l.). | the gas phase of the soil plays an important role in plant growth and development. we investigated the effect of rhizospheric no as a signalling compound for n uptake of beech roots. following exposure to no, ammonium and glutamine uptake into roots were determined using (15)n-labelling, and gene expression of selected transporters was analysed by quantitative real-time pcr. uptake of both n sources increased significantly with elevated no concentration. however, with one exception, this increas ... | 2009 | 19660460 |
| consistent patterns in leaf lamina and leaf vein carbon isotope composition across ten herbs and tree species. | wide-spread post-photosynthetic fractionation processes deplete metabolites and plant compartments in (13)c relative to assimilates to varying degrees. fragmentation fractionation and exchange of metabolites with distinct isotopic signatures across organ boundaries further modify the patterns of plant isotopic composition. heterotrophic organs tend to become isotopically heavier than the putative source material as a result of respiratory metabolism. in addition fractionation may occur during me ... | 2009 | 19603469 |
| modelling tree roots in mixed forest stands by inhomogeneous marked gibbs point processes. | the aim of the paper is to apply point processes to root data modelling. we propose a new approach to parametric inference when the data are inhomogeneous replicated marked point patterns. we generalize geyer's saturation point process to a model, which combines inhomogeneity, marks and interaction between the marked points. furthermore, the inhomogeneity influences the definition of the neighbourhood of points. using the maximum pseudolikelihood method, this model is then fitted to root data fr ... | 2009 | 19572316 |
| fine root dynamics of mature european beech (fagus sylvatica l.) as influenced by elevated ozone concentrations. | fine root dynamics (diameter < 1 mm) in mature fagus sylvatica, with the canopies exposed to ambient or twice-ambient ozone concentrations, were investigated throughout 2004. the focus was on the seasonal timing and extent of fine root dynamics (growth, mortality) in relation to the soil environment (water content, temperature). under ambient ozone concentrations, a significant relationship was found between fine root turnover and soil environmental changes indicating accelerated fine root turno ... | 2009 | 19515468 |
| seasonal time-course of gradients of photosynthetic capacity and mesophyll conductance to co2 across a beech (fagus sylvatica l.) canopy. | leaf photosynthesis is known to acclimate to the actual irradiance received by the different layers of a canopy. this acclimation is usually described in terms of changes in leaf structure, and in photosynthetic capacity. photosynthetic capacity is likely to be affected by mesophyll conductance to co(2) which has seldom been assessed in tree species, and whose plasticity in response to local irradiance is still poorly known. structural [n and chlorophyll content, leaf mass to area ratio (lma)] a ... | 2009 | 19457983 |
| non-reducing sugar levels in beech (fagus sylvatica) seeds as related to withstanding desiccation and storage. | levels of sucrose and raffinose family oligosaccharides (rfos) (raffinose and stachyose) were determined in beech (fagus sylvatica l.) seeds during development, maturation, desiccation and storage. an increase in rfos and a marked decrease in the s:(r+st) ratio (i.e. mass ratio of sucrose to the sum of rfos) were observed at the time of desiccation tolerance (dt) acquisition by seeds. in seeds stored at -10 degrees c through 1, 4, 7, and 12 years, changes in sucrose, raffinose and stachyose leve ... | 2009 | 19359065 |
| beech carbon productivity as driver of ectomycorrhizal abundance and diversity. | we tested the hypothesis that carbon productivity of beech (fagus sylvatica) controls ectomycorrhizal colonization, diversity and community structures. carbon productivity was limited by long-term shading or by girdling. the trees were grown in compost soil to avoid nutrient deficiencies. despite severe limitation in photosynthesis and biomass production by shading, the concentrations of carbohydrates in roots were unaffected by the light level. shade-acclimated plants were only 10% and sun-accl ... | 2009 | 19344334 |
| leaf and twig delta13c during growth in relation to biochemical composition and respired co2. | in deciduous trees, the delta(13)c values of leaves are known to diverge during growth from those of woody organs. the main purpose of this study is to determine whether the divergence in delta(13)c between leaves and current-year twigs of fagus sylvatica (l.) is influenced by changes (i) in the relative contents of organic matter fractions and (ii) in the delta(13)c of respired co(2). the delta(13)c values of bulk matter, extractive-free matter, lignin, holocellulose, starch, soluble sugars, wa ... | 2009 | 19324695 |
| dilution-to-extinction cultivation of leaf-inhabiting endophytic fungi in beech (fagus sylvatica l.)--different cultivation techniques influence fungal biodiversity assessment. | two cultivation-based isolation techniques - the incubation of leaf fragments (fragment plating) and dilution-to-extinction culturing on malt extract agar - were compared for recovery of foliar endophytic fungi from fagus sylvatica near greifswald, north-east germany. morphological-anatomical characters of vegetative and sporulating cultures and its sequences were used to assign morphotypes and taxonomic information to the isolates. data analysis included species-accumulation curves, richness es ... | 2009 | 19233268 |
| hydraulic properties of naturally regenerated beech saplings respond to canopy opening. | enhanced sapling growth in advance regeneration requires gaps in the canopy, but is often delayed after canopy opening, because acclimation of saplings to the new environment is gradual and may last for several years. canopy opening is expected to result in an increased transpiration because of a larger climatic demand and a higher stomatal conductance linked to the higher rates of photosynthesis. therefore, we focused on the changes in water relations and the hydraulic properties of beech (fagu ... | 2009 | 19744973 |
| interception of spray drift by border structures. part 2: field experiments. | this research studied the effect of drift-intercepting structures surrounding the field borders, like artificial screens and natural hedges, which are not yet a part of the drift mitigation measures for field crop sprayers in belgium. drift-interception experiments were performed in a grassland (lolium perenne) with various interception structures: artificial screens with heights of 1, 1.5 and 2 m and screen open areas of 16, 36 and 63% and a row of fagus sylvatica trees with a height of 1.5 m a ... | 2008 | 19226820 |
| impact of lambda-cyhalothrin on a macroinvertebrate assemblage in outdoor experimental channels: implications for ecosystem functioning. | in this study, the impact of a single pulse of the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin was tested on a macroinvertebrate assemblage consisting of gammarus pulex, leuctra nigra, heptagenia sulphurea and ancylus fluviatilis in outdoor experimental stream channels. channels (4m long, 0.1m wide) were groundwater fed and had natural substratum. macroinvertebrates were exposed to 10.65 or 106.5 ng l(-1) lambda cyhalothrin for 90 min in the laboratory and after 24h introduced to the experimental stream chann ... | 2008 | 18945499 |
| simultaneous estimation of null alleles and inbreeding coefficients. | although microsatellites are a very efficient tool for many population genetics applications, they may occasionally produce "null" alleles, which, when present in high proportion, may affect estimates of key parameters such as inbreeding and relatedness coefficients or measures of genetic differentiation. in order to account for the presence of null alleles, it is first necessary to estimate their frequency within studied populations. however, the commonly used null allele frequency estimators a ... | 2008 | 18936113 |
| effects of drought and canopy ozone exposure on antioxidants in fine roots of mature european beech (fagus sylvatica). | we quantified ascorbate, glutathione and alpha-tocopherol in fine roots of mature fagus sylvatica l. under free-air canopy ozone (o(3)) exposure (twice ambient o(3) concentration, 2x[o(3)]) during two growing seasons that differed in the extent of summer drought (exceptional drought year 2003, average year 2004). this design allowed us to test whether o(3) exposure or drought, or both, affected root antioxidants during the growing season. in both years, root ascorbate and alpha-tocopherol showed ... | 2008 | 18316303 |
| elevated aluminium concentration in acidified headwater streams lowers aquatic hyphomycete diversity and impairs leaf-litter breakdown. | aquatic hyphomycetes play an essential role in the decomposition of allochthonous organic matter which is a fundamental process driving the functioning of forested headwater streams. we studied the effect of anthropogenic acidification on aquatic hyphomycetes associated with decaying leaves of fagus sylvatica in six forested headwater streams (ph range, 4.3-7.1). non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed marked differences in aquatic hyphomycete assemblages between acidified and reference str ... | 2008 | 18202885 |
| genotypic variation and phenotypic plasticity in the drought response of fine roots of european beech. | how temperate trees respond to drier summers, as predicted by climate change models for parts of europe and eastern north america, will depend on the drought susceptibility of the root systems. we investigated the importance of the genetic constitution for the belowground drought response of european beech (fagus sylvatica l.), in four populations from regions differing in precipitation (520-970 mm year(-1)). saplings were grown at ample (10 vol.%; well-watered) or reduced (5 vol.%; drought trea ... | 2008 | 18055440 |
| variability in radial sap flux density patterns and sapwood area among seven co-occurring temperate broad-leaved tree species. | forest transpiration estimates are frequently based on xylem sap flux measurements in the outer sections of the hydro-active stem sapwood. we used granier's constant-heating technique with heating probes at various xylem depths to analyze radial patterns of sap flux density in the sapwood of seven broad-leaved tree species differing in wood density and xylem structure. study aims were to (1) compare radial sap flux density profiles between diffuse- and ring-porous trees and (2) analyze the relat ... | 2008 | 19193565 |
| [use of issr-markers for determination of convergent evolutionary relations in fagus genus]. | genetic relationships between members of fagus genus were assessed using issr markers and amplification. the taxonomic status of fagus sylvatica l. and fagus orientalis lypsky. species in ukraine has been ascertained more precisely. intraspecies mean genetic distances were compared according to nei & li and respective dendrogram was constructed with the complete joining method. | 2008 | 15619990 |
| visible leaf injury in young trees of fagus sylvatica l. and quercus robur l. in relation to ozone uptake and ozone exposure. an open-top chambers experiment in south alpine environmental conditions. | an open-top chambers experiment on fagus sylvatica and quercus robur seedlings was conducted in order to compare the performance of an exposure-based (aot40) and a flux-based approaches in predicting the appearance of ozone visible injuries on leaves. three different ozone treatments (charcoal-filtered; non-filtered; and open plots) and two soil moisture treatments (watered and non-watered plots) were performed. a jarvisian stomatal conductance model was drawn up and parameterised for both speci ... | 2008 | 17688979 |
| energy potential of waste from 10 forest species in the north of spain (cantabria). | in this work, the waste from 10 forest species of cantabria have been characterized from the point of view of energy. the studied species were the waste of: eucalyptus globulus, eucalyptus nitens, the hybrid e. globulusxe. nitens, eucalyptus viminalis, eucalyptus smithii, eucalyptus regnans, eucalyptus gunni, fagus sylvatica, quercus robur and pinus radiata. the leaves were the tree part with the greatest ncv (net calorific value) in all the species. the best results were obtained for the leaves ... | 2008 | 18215515 |
| ontogenetic variation in the relative influence of light and belowground resources on european beech seedling growth. | we used height growth data from a 7-year field experiment with european beech (fagus sylvatica l.) seedlings to test the hypothesis that the effects of above- and belowground resources on height growth depend on seedling size and age. photosynthetically active radiation (par) was determined by hemispheric photography, and estimates of fine root biomass of the overstory trees were used as an inverse proportional surrogate for belowground resource availability. for recently germinated seedlings gr ... | 2008 | 18316304 |
| two cdna clones (fsdhn1 and fsclo1) up-regulated by aba are involved in drought responses in fagus sylvatica l. seeds. | two abscisic acid (aba)-responsive clones (fsdhn1 and fsclo1) were isolated from a cdna library of aba-treated seeds of fagus sylvatica l. fsdhn1 codes for type-ii late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins, also known as dehydrins. the corresponding transcripts were aba-induced and expressed when seeds were artificially dried. fsclo1 codes for a caleosin, a calcium-binding protein. by expressing fsclo1 as a fusion protein in escherichia coli, we obtained biochemical evidence of its ability to b ... | 2008 | 18343532 |
| comparative measurements of transpiration and canopy conductance in two mixed deciduous woodlands differing in structure and species composition. | transpiration of two heterogeneous broad-leaved woodlands in southern england was monitored by the sap flux technique throughout the 2006 growing season. grimsbury wood, which had a leaf area index (lai) of 3.9, was dominated by oak (quercus robur l.) and birch (betula pubescens l.) and had a continuous hazel (corylus avellana l.) understory. wytham woods, which had an lai of 3.6, was dominated by ash (fraxinus excelsior l.) and sycamore (acer pseudoplatanus l.) and had only a sparse understory. ... | 2008 | 18381276 |
| deriving ozone dose-response of photosynthesis in adult forest trees from branch-level cuvette gas exchange assessment. | branch-level gas exchange provided the basis for assessing ozone flux in order to derive the dose-response relationship between cumulative o3 uptake (cou) and carbon gain in the upper sun crown of adult fagus sylvatica. fluxes of ozone, co2 and water vapour were monitored simultaneously by climatized branch cuvettes. the cuvettes allowed branch exposure to an ambient or twice-ambient o3 regime, while tree crowns were exposed to the same o3 regimes (twice-ambient generated by a free-air canopy o3 ... | 2008 | 18440679 |
| evidence from population genetics that the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete laccaria amethystina is an actual multihost symbiont. | it is commonly assumed that ectomycorrhizal (ecm) fungi associated with temperate forest tree roots are not host-specific. because this assumption relies on species delineations based on fruitbodies morphology or ribosomal dna sequences, host-specific, cryptic biological species cannot be ruled out. to demonstrate that laccaria amethystina has true generalist abilities, we sampled 510 fruitbodies on three french sites situated 150-450 km away from each other. at each site, populations from monos ... | 2008 | 18489549 |
| long-range transport of beech (fagus sylvatica l.) pollen to catalonia (north-eastern spain). | local and long-range transport of beech (fagus sylvatica) pollen was analysed by using 23-year data (1983-2007) at six stations in catalonia, spain, and numerical simulations. back trajectories and synoptic meteorology indicated a consistent north european provenance during beech pollen peak days. specifically, the area from northern italy to central germany was the most probable source, as indicated by a source-receptor model based on back trajectories. for the event with the highest pollen lev ... | 2008 | 18496718 |
| in vitro antagonism of an actinobacterial kitasatospora isolate against the plant pathogen phytophthora citricola as elucidated with ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. | many soil microorganisms antagonistic to soil borne plant pathogens are well known for their ability to control diseases in situ. a variety of substances, like lytic enzymes, siderophores and antibiotics, produced by these organisms have the potential to protect roots against pathogens. understanding the ecology and a functional assessment of antagonistic microbial communities in soil requires in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms involved in these interactions, a challenging task in complex syst ... | 2008 | 18588924 |
| lead isotope ratios in tree bark pockets: an indicator of past air pollution in the czech republic. | tree bark pockets were collected at four sites in the czech republic with differing levels of lead (pb) pollution. the samples, spanning 1923-2005, were separated from beech (fagus sylvatica) and spruce (picea abies). elevated pb content (0.1-42.4 microg g(-1)) reflected air pollution in the city of prague. the lowest pb content (0.3-2.6 microg g(-1)) was found at the kosetice emep "background pollution" site. changes in (206)pb/(207)pb and (208)pb/(206)pb isotope ratios were in agreement with o ... | 2008 | 18597820 |
| experimental research on recolonisation with anemone nemorosa of the beech forests of the ruhr district (germany) floristically impoverished by air pollution. | high so(2) concentrations as have been observed over decades in the ruhr district lead to a remarkable reduction of leaf area in the majority of the characteristic broad-leafed herbs of the central european beech forests even after only a few months of experimental fumigation. thus, it is no wonder in the time of high so(2) pollution, e.g., in the town of herne (centre of the ruhr district), that there was not a single beech forest hosting, for instance, viola reichenbachiana or anemone nemorosa ... | 2008 | 18622635 |
| phytophthora gallica sp. nov., a new species from rhizosphere soil of declining oak and reed stands in france and germany. | a non-papillate, slow-growing phytophthora species, which could not be assigned to any existing taxon, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of a declining oak in northeast france, and from the rhizosphere of phragmites australis at lake constance in south-west germany in 1998 and 2004, respectively. we describe this species, previously informally designated phytophthora taxon 'g', as phytophthora gallica sp. nov. morphology, growth rates, and pathogenicity against cuttings of riparian tree species ... | 2008 | 18693002 |
| antifeedants and feeding stimulants in bark extracts of ten woody non-host species of the pine weevil, hylobius abietis. | bark of ten woody species, known to be rejected as a food source by the pine weevil, hylobius abietis, were sequentially extracted by a soxhlet apparatus with pentane followed by methanol. species were alder (alnus glutinosa), aspen (populus tremula), beech (fagus sylvatica), guelder rose (viburnum opulus), holly (ilex aquifolium), horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum), lilac (syringa vulgaris), spindle tree (evonymus europaeus), walnut (juglans regia), and yew (taxus baccata). bark of each sp ... | 2008 | 18719963 |
| the allergen profile of beech and oak pollen. | beech and oak pollen are potential allergen sources with a world-wide distribution. | 2008 | 18754759 |
| quantification of mrnas and housekeeping gene selection for quantitative real-time rt-pcr normalization in european beech (fagus sylvatica l.) during abiotic and biotic stress. | analyses of different plant stressors are often based on gene expression studies. quantitative real-time rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) is the most sensitive method for the detection of low abundance transcripts. however, a critical point to note is the selection of housekeeping genes as an internal control. many so-called 'housekeeping genes' are often affected by different stress factors and may not be suitable for use as an internal reference. we tested six housekeeping genes of european beech by qrt-pcr u ... | 2008 | 18811005 |
| involvement of phytophthora species in the decline of beech fagus sylvatica in wallonia (belgium). | during the last decade, typical symptoms of phytophthora diseases were observed in beech stands of several european countries. the main symptoms were the presence of bleeding cankers on the stem, a low crown density as well as the yellowing of foliage and the small size of leaves. several species of phytophthora, such as phytophthora citricola, p. cambivora and p. cactorum, were reported as the causal agents. in order to evaluate the implication of the different phytophthora species in beech dec ... | 2007 | 18396824 |
| types of ectomycorrhiza as pollution stress indicators: case studies in slovenia. | mycorrhiza is the main spatial and temporal linkage between different constituents in a forest ecosystem. the functional compatibility and stress tolerance of ectomycorrhizal types is species specific, and therefore the information on the ectomycorrhizal community structure can add to the understanding of processes in forest ecosystems and can also be applied as tools for bioindication of pollution stress in forest soils. we have studied the effects of pollution (n and s) on trees and forest soi ... | 2007 | 17057951 |
| woody plant richness and ndvi response to drought events in catalonian (northeastern spain) forests. | the role of species diversity on ecosystem resistance in the face of strong environmental fluctuations has been addressed from both theoretical and experimental viewpoints to reveal a variety of positive and negative relationships. here we explore empirically the relationship between the richness of forest woody species and canopy resistance to extreme drought episodes. we compare richness data from an extensive forest inventory to a temporal series of satellite imagery that estimated drought im ... | 2007 | 17918405 |
| temperature dependency of bark photosynthesis in beech (fagus sylvatica l.) and birch (betula pendula roth.) trees. | temperature dependencies of stem dark respiration (r(d)) and light-driven bark photosynthesis (a(max)) of two temperate tree species (fagus sylvatica and betula pendula) were investigated to estimate their probable influence on stem carbon balance. stem r(d) was found to increase exponentially with increasing temperatures, whereas a(max) levelled off or decreased at the highest temperatures chosen (35-40 degrees c). accordingly, a linear relationship between respiratory and assimilatory metaboli ... | 2007 | 18182432 |
| nurse plants, tree saplings and grazing pressure: changes in facilitation along a biotic environmental gradient. | current conceptual models predict that an increase in stress shifts interactions between plants from competitive to facilitative; hence, facilitation is expected to gain in ecological importance with increasing stress. little is known about how facilitative interactions between plants change with increasing biotic stress, such as that incurred by consumer pressure or herbivory (i.e. disturbance sensu grime). in grazed ecosystems, the presence of unpalatable plants is reported to protect tree sap ... | 2007 | 17279351 |
| the trophic structure of bark-living oribatid mite communities analysed with stable isotopes ((15)n, (13)c) indicates strong niche differentiation. | the aim of the present study was to identify food sources of bark-living oribatid mites to investigate if trophic niche differentiation contributes to the diversity of bark living oribatida. we measured the natural variation in stable isotope ratios ((15)n/(14)n, (13)c/(12)c) in oribatid mites from the bark of oak (quercus robur), beech (fagus sylvatica), spruce (picea abies) and pine (pinus sylvestris) trees and their potential food sources, i.e., the covering vegetation of the bark (bryophytes ... | 2007 | 17333459 |
| significance of ozone exposure for inter-annual differences in primary metabolites of old-growth beech (fagus sylvatica l.) and norway spruce (picea abies l.) trees in a mixed forest stand. | the influence of long-term free-air ozone fumigation and canopy position on leaf contents of total glutathione, its redox state, non-structural proteins (nsp), soluble amino compounds, and total soluble sugars in old-growth beech (fagus sylvatica) and spruce (picea abies) trees were determined over a period of five years. ozone fumigation had weak effects on the analysed metabolites of both tree species and significant changes in the contents of total glutathione, nsp, and soluble sugars were ob ... | 2007 | 17357017 |
| accuracy assessment of a small-area method for estimating the spatial distribution of the degree of tree damage. | tree damage, gauged by the amount of defoliation, is one of the basic criteria used to determine treatments for protected and economic forests. monitoring should include an assessment of the degree of tree damage in different spatial scales. therefore, in addition to the commonly applied large-area methods, small-area methods should be used. the aim of the paper is to present the results of the accuracy assessment of a small-area method, proposed by podlaski (2005) [podlaski, r. (2005). inventor ... | 2007 | 17370136 |
| roles of soil chemistry and water availability in site-related delta(13)c variations in french beech forests. | the carbon isotopic composition (delta(13)c) of wood and leaf cellulose of beech trees (fagus sylvatica l.) was studied at 80 sites in northeastern france. we sampled sites with contrasting water balance, depending on soil type and precipitation. we tested the hypothesis that inter-site variations in plant delta(13)c reflect the spatial distribution of soil water availability, and we assessed whether delta(13)c could be used as a bioindicator of soil water availability. patterns of variation in ... | 2007 | 17403658 |
| assessing the risk caused by ground level ozone to european forest trees: a case study in pine, beech and oak across different climate regions. | two different indices have been proposed for estimation of the risk caused to forest trees across europe by ground-level ozone, (i) the concentration based aot40 index (accumulated over a threshold of 40 ppb) and (ii) the recently developed flux based afsty index (accumulated stomatal flux above a flux threshold y). this paper compares the aot40 and afsty indices for three forest trees species at different locations in europe. the afsty index is estimated using the do(3)se (deposition of ozone a ... | 2007 | 17412465 |
| wild vascular plants gathered for consumption in the polish countryside: a review. | this paper is an ethnobotanical review of wild edible plants gathered for consumption from the end of the 18th century to the present day, within the present borders of poland. | 2007 | 17433114 |
| six-year time course of light-use efficiency, carbon gain and growth of beech saplings (fagus sylvatica) planted under a scots pine (pinus sylvestris) shelterwood. | two-year-old fagus sylvatica l. saplings were planted under the cover of a pinus sylvestris l. stand in the french massif central. the stand was differentially thinned to obtain a gradient of transmitted photosynthetically active radiation (par(t); 0-0.35). eighteen fagus saplings were sampled in this gradient, and their growth (basal stem diameter increment) was recorded over six years. over the same period, morphological parameters (leaf area, number and arrangement in space) were monitored by ... | 2007 | 17472934 |
| induction of photosynthesis and importance of limitations during the induction phase in sun and shade leaves of five ecologically contrasting tree species from the temperate zone. | we examined the principal differences in photosynthetic characteristics between sun and shade foliage and determined the relative importance of biochemical and stomatal limitations during photosynthetic induction. temperate-zone broadleaf and conifer tree species, ranging widely in shade tolerance, were investigated from one locality in the czech republic. the study species included strongly shade-tolerant abies alba mill. and tilia cordata mill., less shade-tolerant fagus sylvatica l. and acer ... | 2007 | 17472946 |
| effects of recent climate trends on the distribution of potential natural vegetation in central germany. | introducing climate quotients for the growing season (q(gs)) provides a way to quantify effects of climate trends with respect to potential natural vegetation (pnv), especially beech forests (fagus sylvatica l.) in central germany. what is crucial in this regard is the great influence of the dominant decrease in the amount of precipitation (up to 40% in the last 50 years) during the growing season versus the dormant season. however, precipitation during the dormant season (which is predominantly ... | 2007 | 17503090 |
| occurrence of "mammalian" lignans in plant and water sources. | enterolignans, also called "mammalian" lignans because they are formed in the intestine of mammals after ingestion of plant lignans, were identified for the first time in extracts of four tree species, i.e., in knot heartwood of the hardwood species fagus sylvatica and in knot or stem heartwood of the softwood species araucaria angustifolia, picea smithiana, and abies cilicia. they were also identified for the first time in grain extracts of cultivated plants, i.e., in 15 cereal species, in 3 nu ... | 2007 | 17497165 |
| differences in pigment composition, photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence images of sun and shade leaves of four tree species. | the differential pigment composition and photosynthetic activity of sun and shade leaves of deciduous (acer pseudoplatanus, fagus sylvatica, tilia cordata) and coniferous (abies alba) trees was comparatively determined by studying the photosynthetic rates via co(2) measurements and also by imaging the chl fluorescence decrease ratio (r(fd)), which is an in vivo indicator of the net co(2) assimilation rates. the thicker sun leaves and needles in all tree species were characterized by a lower spec ... | 2007 | 17587589 |
| acclimation of leaves to contrasting irradiance in juvenile trees differing in shade tolerance. | leaves developing in different irradiances undergo structural and functional acclimation, although the extent of trait plasticity is species specific. we tested the hypothesis that irradiance-induced plasticity of photosynthetic and anatomical traits is lower in highly shade-tolerant species than in moderately shade-tolerant species. seedlings of two evergreen conifers, shade-tolerant abies alba mill. and moderately shade-tolerant picea abies karst., and two deciduous angiosperm species, highly ... | 2007 | 17545129 |
| tree stem phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc): lack of biochemical and localization evidence for a c4-like photosynthesis system. | here, the kinetic properties and immunolocalization of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) in young stems of fagus sylvatica were investigated. the aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that there is a c4-like photosynthesis system in the stems of this c3 tree species. the activity, optimal ph and l-malate sensitivity of pepc, and the michaelis-menten constant (km) for phosphoenolpyruvate (pep), were measured in protein extra ... | 2007 | 17997763 |
| changes of photosynthetic traits in beech saplings (fagus sylvatica) under severe drought stress and during recovery. | in the context of an increased risk of extreme drought events across europe during the next decades, the capacity of trees to recover and survive drought periods awaits further attention. in summer 2005, 4-year-old beech (fagus sylvatica l.) saplings were watered regularly or were kept for 4 weeks without irrigation in the field and then re-watered again. changes of plant water status, leaf gas exchange and chl a fluorescence parameters, as well as alterations in leaf pigment composition were fo ... | 2007 | 18251880 |
| combining delta 13 c and delta 18 o analyses to unravel competition, co2 and o3 effects on the physiological performance of different-aged trees. | combined delta(13)c and delta(18)o analyses of leaf material were used to infer changes in photosynthetic capacity (a(max)) and stomatal conductance (g(l)) in fagus sylvatica and picea abies trees growing under natural and controlled conditions. correlation between g(l) and delta(18)o in leaf cellulose (delta(18)o(cel)) allowed us to apply a semi-quantitative model to infer g(l) from delta(18)o(cel) and also interpret variation in delta(13)c as reflecting variation in a(max). extraction of leaf ... | 2007 | 17617829 |
| proteomics of european beech (fagus sylvatica l.) seed dormancy breaking: influence of abscisic and gibberellic acids. | a proteomic approach was used to analyze mechanisms of dormancy breaking in beech (fagus sylvatica l.) seeds and the participation of abscisic and gibberellic acids (aba and ga) in this process. after imbibition in water, aba, or ga3 solutions, beechnuts were subjected to cold stratification, which breaks their dormancy. aba delayed, whereas ga3 promoted seed dormancy breaking. proteome maps for water, aba, and ga3 were established, which displayed 1544 silver-stained spots. a total of 74 spots, ... | 2007 | 17533642 |