Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| pathobiological and genomic characterization of a cold-adapted infectious bronchitis virus (bp-cakii). | we established a cold-adapted infectious bronchitis virus (bp-cakii) by passaging a field virus through specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs 20 times at 32 °c. we characterized its growth kinetics and pathogenicity in embryonated eggs, and its tropism and persistence in different tissues from chickens; then, we evaluated pathogenicity by using a new premature reproductive tract pathogenicity model. furthermore, we determined the complete genomic sequence of bp-cakii to understand the genetic ... | 2018 | 30463206 |
| the in ovo delivery of cpg oligonucleotides protects against infectious bronchitis with the recruitment of immune cells into the respiratory tract of chickens. | the in ovo delivery of cytosine-guanosine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) protects chickens against many bacterial and viral infections, by activating the toll-like receptor (tlr)21 signaling pathway. although the delivery of cpg odns in ovo at embryo day (ed) 18 has been shown to reduce infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) loads in embryonic chicken lungs pre-hatch, whether in ovo delivered cpg odns are capable of protecting chickens against a post-hatch challenge is unknown. thus, our objectiv ... | 2018 | 30445707 |
| a multiplex xtag assay for the simultaneous detection of five chicken immunosuppressive viruses. | chicken anemia virus (cav), avian reovirus (arv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) all cause immunosuppressive disease in birds through vertical or horizontal transmission. mixed infections with these immunosuppressive pathogens lead to atypical clinical signs and obstruct accurate diagnoses and epidemiological investigations. therefore, it is essential to develop a high-throughput assay for the simultaneous detection of th ... | 2018 | 30442149 |
| the first evidence of a new genotype of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus circulating in vaccinated and unvaccinated broiler flocks in algeria. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) frequently infects broilers and is responsible for severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. it has also been associated with kidney damage in the broiler flocks. the aim of the present study is to determine the presence of ibv and its possible involvement in kidney damage of broiler chicks. | 2018 | 30587900 |
| gi-16 lineage (624/i or q1), there and back again: the history of one of the major threats for poultry farming of our era. | the genetic variability of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the main challenges for its control, hindering not only the development of effective vaccination strategies but also its classification and, consequently, epidemiology understanding. the 624/i and q1 genotypes, now recognized to be part of the gi-16 lineage, represent an excellent example of the practical consequences of ibv molecular epidemiology limited knowledge. in fact, being their common origin unrecognized for a long t ... | 2018 | 30571679 |
| recent approaches for control of e. coli and respiratory complex in middle east. | this study was conducted on 100 one-day-old broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of poulvac e. coli vaccine in reduction of clinical signs and complications after concurrent infectious bronchitis virus (variant 02) and virulent e. coli o78 challenges. the birds were evaluated for clinical signs, mortality for 7 days post-infection, pm lesion score, average body weight and serological evaluation. re-isolation and rt-pcr for the challenging infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variant 02 were conduc ... | 2018 | 30505174 |
| molecular detection and phylogenetic properties of isolated infectious bronchitis viruses from broilers in ahvaz, southwest iran, based on partial sequences of spike gene. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease involving mostly upper respiratory tract in chickens, leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. one of the major concerns regarding to ib is the emergence of new types of infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs). the purpose of this study was to identify the ibvs isolated from iranian broiler chickens with respiratory symptoms. twenty-five broiler flocks around ahwaz (southwest of iran) were examined for ibv. t ... | 2018 | 30357063 |
| recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses expressing heterologous s1 subunits: potential for a new generation of vaccines that replicate in vero cells. | the spike glycoprotein (s) of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) comprises two subunits, s1 and s2. we have previously demonstrated that the s2 subunit of the avirulent beau-r strain is responsible for its extended cellular tropism for vero cells. two recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses (ribvs) have been generated; the immunogenic s1 subunit is derived from the ibv vaccine strain, h120, or the virulent field strain, qx, within the genetic background of beau-r. the ribvs beaur-h120(s1) and b ... | 2018 | 30355423 |
| co-circulation of genetically diverse population of vaccine related and unrelated respiratory mycoplasmas and viruses in uk poultry flocks with health or production problems. | respiratory diseases continue to have a major impact on poultry health, welfare and productivity. however, little information is available on their current status in uk poultry flocks. we investigated the presence of four economically important respiratory pathogens in healthy or problematic flocks; infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian metapneumovirus (ampv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and mycoplasma synoviae (ms). samples from 131 uk poultry flocks were received during the 12 month study ... | 2018 | 30322525 |
| sequencing and in silico multi-aspect analysis of s1 glycoprotein in 793/b serotype of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from iran in 2003 and 2011. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is an acute, highly contagious, and economically important viral disease of chickens. the s1 subunit from spike (s) protein plays the major role in protective immunity and is involved in the host-virus interactions, as well as infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) serotyping. aim of the present study was multi-aspect analysis of the molecular and immunological features of 5' part belonging to the s1 glycoprotein sequence of iranian 793/b ibv strain isolates. this m ... | 2018 | 30280838 |
| detection of newcastle disease, h9n2 avian influenza, and infectious bronchitis viruses in respiratory diseases in backyard chickens in ahvaz, iran, in 2014-2015. | newcastle disease virus (ndv), avian influenza virus (aiv), and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are the most prevalent viral pathogens in the iranian poultry industry. this study aimed to reveal the presence of these viruses in the backyard chickens in ahvaz, located in the southwest of iran. a total of 100 chickens with respiratory signs and mortality were examined by taking the blood samples as well as tracheal and cloacal swabs. most of the chickens had not received any vaccine. the blood s ... | 2018 | 30256035 |
| burden of exposure to infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus, mycoplasma gallisepticum, and intestinal parasites in introduced broiler chickens on the galapagos. | diseases in introduced broilers can possibly spill over to wild birds on the galapagos. knowledge about the current burden of exposure to pathogens in broilers on the galapagos is very limited. the objective of the study reported here was to measure the burden of exposure to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg), and intestinal parasites in a sample of broiler chickens on 13 farms on santa cruz isla ... | 2018 | 30248128 |
| genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus in china in recent years. | in this study, 213 infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) were isolated from samples collected from 801 flocks suspected to be infected with ibv from january 2016 to december 2017 in china. by using complete nucleotide sequences of s1 gene we determined the phylogeny of these ibv isolates, which in turn allowed us to define six lineages/genotypes, a number of recombinants and a novel variant. the gi-19 lineage was the most frequently isolated type in china in recent years. although scattered mutat ... | 2018 | 30244092 |
| development of a sensitive and specific xmap assay for detection of antibodies against infectious laryngotracheitis and bronchitis viruses. | a serological method to simultaneously detect antibodies against infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is imperative for the differential diagnosis and evaluation of antibodies titers after vaccination. | 2018 | 30241540 |
| genetics, antigenicity and virulence properties of three infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from a single tracheal sample in a chicken with respiratory problems. | three different ibv genotypes/serotypes, designated ck/ch/ldl/150434-i (ldl/150434-i), ck/ch/ldl/150434-ii (ldl/150434-ii) and ck/ch/ldl/150434-iii (ldl/150434-iii), were detected in a single tracheal sample from a chicken showing signs of respiratory disease. the viruses were isolated using a cross-neutralization test and limiting dilution in embryonated specific-pathogen-free (spf) eggs. isolate ldl/150434-i was a re-isolation of h120 vaccine strain that was introduced into the chicken flock b ... | 2018 | 30240807 |
| novel protein chip for the detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis (ib) caused by the ib virus (ibv) can cause acute damage to chickens around the world. therefore, rapid diagnosis and immune status determination are critical for controlling ibv outbreaks. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been widely used in the detection of ibv antibodies in the early infection and continuous infection of ib because they are more sensitive and quicker than other diagnostic methods. | 2018 | 30223836 |
| a self-adjuvanted nanoparticle based vaccine against infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) affects poultry respiratory, renal and reproductive systems. currently the efficacy of available live attenuated or killed vaccines against ibv has been challenged. we designed a novel ibv vaccine alternative using a highly innovative platform called self-assembling protein nanoparticle (sapn). in this vaccine, b cell epitopes derived from the second heptad repeat (hr2) region of ibv spike proteins were repetitively presented in its native trimeric conformation. ... | 2018 | 30216376 |
| recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses expressing chimeric spike glycoproteins induce partial protective immunity against homologous challenge despite limited replication in vivo. | vaccination regimes against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which are based on a single virus serotype, often induce insufficient levels of cross-protection against serotypes and two or more antigenically diverse vaccines are used in attempt to provide broader protection. amino acid differences in the surface protein, spike (s), in particular the s1 subunit, are associated with poor cross-protection. here, homologous vaccination trials with recombinant ibvs (ribvs), based on the apathogenic s ... | 2018 | 30209177 |
| oral immunization with a novel attenuated salmonella gallinarum encoding infectious bronchitis virus spike protein induces protective immune responses against fowl typhoid and infectious bronchitis in chickens. | fowl typhoid (ft), a septicemic disease caused by salmonella gallinarum (sg), and infectious bronchitis (ib) are two economically important avian diseases that affect poultry industry worldwide. herein, we exploited a live attenuated sg mutant, jol967, to deliver spike (s) protein 1 of ib virus (v) to elicit protective immunity against both ft and ib in chickens. the codon optimized s1 nucleotide sequence was cloned in-frame into a prokaryotic constitutive expression vector, pjhl65. subsequently ... | 2018 | 30208963 |
| comparative pathogenicity of malaysian qx-like and variant infectious bronchitis virus strains in chickens at different age of exposure to the viruses. | infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) circulating in malaysia are classified into two groups as malaysian qx-like and variant strains. in this study, the pathogenicity of ibs130/2015 (qx-like) and ibs037a/2014 (variant) ibvs in 1-day-old and 30-day-old specific pathogen free (spf) chickens was characterized. both strains caused respiratory and kidney infections based on immunohistochemistry (ihc), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) and a ciliostasis study; however, the result ... | 2018 | 30173857 |
| serological and molecular surveillance of infectious bronchitis virus infection in free-range chickens and guinea fowls in the ga-east district of ghana. | infectious bronchitis is an economically important disease with worldwide distribution. information is available on the presence of infectious bronchitis virus in commercial chicken in parts of ghana but there is no information on free-range poultry and guinea fowls in the country. possible ibv infections among free-range chickens and guinea fowls in abokobi and frafraha communities in the ga-east district of the greater accra region of ghana were investigated using serology and pcr. blood, trac ... | 2018 | 30159336 |
| enhanced pathogenicity of low-pathogenic h9n2 avian influenza virus after vaccination with infectious bronchitis live attenuated vaccine. | in the present study, two experiments were carried out for studying the pathogenicity of h9n2 avian influenza virus (aiv) in broiler chickens after vaccination with different live respiratory viral vaccines. | 2018 | 30147269 |
| otitis and meningoencephalitis associated with infectious coryza ( avibacterium paragallinarum) in commercial broiler chickens. | infectious coryza, caused by avibacterium paragallinarum, is an acute respiratory disease of poultry that can result in substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. in march 2017, the turlock branch of the california animal health and food safety laboratory system encountered an unusual clinical and pathologic presentation of infectious coryza in 6 live, 29-d-old, commercial broiler chickens that were submitted for diagnostic investigation. antemortem evaluation revealed severe neurolo ... | 2018 | 30129392 |
| shell-less egg syndrome (ses) widespread in western canadian layer operations is linked to a massachusetts (mass) type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolate. | a disease with a sudden drop in egg production and shell-less eggs called, shell-less egg syndrome (ses) has been observed in western canada egg layer flocks since 2010. the etiology of this disease is not known. we hypothesize that ses is caused by an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain since it is known that ibv replicates in the shell gland causing various eggshell abnormalities. in this study, we screened egg layer flocks, in the provinces of alberta (ab) and saskatchewan (sk), with and ... | 2018 | 30126175 |
| a recombinant newcastle disease virus (ndv) expressing s protein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) protects chickens against ibv and ndv. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a highly contagious respiratory, reproductive and urogenital tract disease in chickens worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses for the poultry industry. currently, live-attenuated ibv vaccines are used to control the disease. however, safety, attenuation and immunization outcomes of current vaccines are not guaranteed. several studies indicate that attenuated ibv vaccine strains contribute to the emergence of variant viruses in the field due t ... | 2018 | 30097608 |
| safety and efficacy of attenuated classic and variant 2 infectious bronchitis virus candidate vaccines. | vaccination programs against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in egypt depend on both classical and/or imported variant ibv strain vaccines. however, many ibv outbreaks associated with respiratory distress, nephropathy, and high mortalities were attributed to the circulation of both classical and new nephropathogenic ibv variant 2 strains. in the present study, we report the development of attenuated ibv candidate vaccines using the classic ibv strains (ibm41 and ib2) and a nephropathogenic str ... | 2018 | 30085298 |
| deletion of accessory genes 3a, 3b, 5a or 5b from avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus induces an attenuated phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infects domestic fowl, resulting in respiratory disease and causing serious losses in unprotected birds. its control is mainly achieved by using live attenuated vaccines. here we explored the possibilities for rationally attenuating ibv to improve our knowledge regarding the function of ibv accessory proteins and for the development of next-generation vaccines with the recently established reverse genetic system for ibv h52 based on targeted rn ... | 2018 | 30067172 |
| protection against virulent infectious bronchitis virus challenge conferred by a recombinant baculovirus co-expressing s1 and n proteins. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis, which results in considerable economic losses. it is imperative to develop safe and efficient candidate vaccines to control ibv infection. in the current study, recombinant baculoviruses co-expressing the s1 and n proteins and mono-expressing s1 or n proteins of the gx-yl5 strain of ibv were constructed and prepared into subunit vaccines rhbm-s1-n, rhbm-s1 and rhbm-n. the levels of immune protection of these ... | 2018 | 29954092 |
| effects of dietary yeast nucleotides supplementation on intestinal barrier function, intestinal microbiota, and humoral immunity in specific pathogen-free chickens. | yeast nucleotides are a fine functional additive in human and animals. the effects of dietary yeast nucleotides supplementation on intestinal development, expression of intestinal barrier-related genes, intestinal microbiota, and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antibody titer of specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens were investigated. a total of 60 1-d-old chickens were divided into 4 groups, each of which included 3 replicates of 5 chickens. group 1 served as a control that was fed a basal di ... | 2018 | 29945221 |
| viral interference between low pathogenic avian influenza h9n2 and avian infectious bronchitis viruses in vitro and in ovo. | low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) h9n2 and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are important pathogens of poultry, causing important economic losses for the sector. replication interference between these two viruses was described using cell cultures (cc) and embryonated chicken eggs (ece). chicken embryo lung (cel) and ece were simultaneously or sequentially infected with ibv vaccine strain (h120) and lpaiv-h9n2 (a/ck/tun/145/2012) to evaluate viral interactionsin vitro and in ovo, respectivel ... | 2018 | 29940196 |
| seroprevalence and genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus detected from iranian unvaccinated backyard chickens. | different epidemiological studies have found that backyard chickens are a reservoir for poultry diseases. most backyard chicken flocks have a poor level of biosecurity, which increases the risk of spread of diseases. in recent years, the number of backyard chickens has been on the rise in iran. however, the health status of backyard flocks is still poorly documented. thus, this study aimed at examining the seroprevalence of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and molecular surve ... | 2018 | 29922421 |
| in vitro phagocytosis of opsonized latex beads by hd11 cells as a method to assess the general opsonization potential of chicken serum. | opsonins, an important arm of the innate immune system, are various soluble proteins, which play a critical role in destruction of invading pathogens directly or via engulfment of pathogens through the intermediate of phagocytosis. the diversity of opsonin profiles is under genetic influence and may be associated with variation in disease resistance. the aim of this study was to set up an assay to determine serum opsonophagocytic potential (opp) for chicken sera by flow cytometry and to evaluate ... | 2018 | 29920114 |
| molecular characteristic and pathogenicity analysis of a virulent recombinant avain infectious bronchitis virus isolated in china. | a virulent infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), designated as ck/ch/gd/qy16 (referred as qy16), was isolated from a diseased chicken farm in guangdong province, china, in 2016. the complete genome of the strain was sequenced and analyzed. the results show that the genome of qy16 consists of 27,670 nucleotides, excluding poly (a) tail, and that its genome organization is 5' utr-1a-1b-s-3a-3b-e-m-4b-4c-5a-5b-n-6b-3' utr-poly (a) tail. sequence comparison among qy16 and other ibv strains was conducte ... | 2018 | 29917155 |
| rapid development and evaluation of a live-attenuated qx-like infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is an acute, highly contagious disease, which causes economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. to control the disease, biosecurity and vaccination are required. in the current research, we rapidly attenuated a qx-like ibv field strain zyy-2014 using passage in embryos at limiting dilution and tested the safety and efficacy of the attenuated chinese qx-like ibv strain zyyr-2014 in 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens through spray route. our result r ... | 2018 | 29891352 |
| preparation and protective efficacy of a chicken embryo kidney cell-attenuation gi-19/qx-like avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease, and hazardous to the poultry industry. immune failure often occurs due to the emergence of new serotypes or field strains antigenically different from the vaccine strains. to prepare a candidate vaccine against the prevalent avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in china, the gi-19/qx-like field isolate sczy3 was selected as the progenitor strain and attenuated via passaging in chicken embryo kidney (cek) cells for 100 times. the ... | 2018 | 29859801 |
| differential innate immune responses induced by classical and variant infectious bronchitis viruses in specific pathogen free chicks. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) continues to cause serious economic losses in global chicken production. concurrent circulation of both classic and variant ibvs have been identified in most parts of the world, raising major challenges to global prevention and control efforts. therefore, immunopathogenesis, particularly early host responses, needs to be better understood for effective control of diseases caused by different strains of ibvs. we investigated differing immunopathogenesis in ... | 2018 | 29751011 |
| field efficacy of an attenuated infectious bronchitis variant 2 virus vaccine in commercial broiler chickens. | egyptian poultry suffer from frequent respiratory disease outbreaks associated with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variant 2 strains (egy/varii). different vaccination programs using imported vaccines have failed to protect the flocks from field challenge. recent studies confirmed a successful protection using homologous strains as live attenuated vaccines. in this study, a newly developed live attenuated ib-var2 vaccine representing the gi-23 middle east ibv lineage was evaluated in day-old ... | 2018 | 29747397 |
| mir-146a-5p promotes replication of infectious bronchitis virus by targeting irak2 and tnfrsf18. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a coronavirus which infects chickens (gallus gallus) of all ages and causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. the present study aims to analyze the mirnas related to pathogenicity of nephropathogenic ibvs. it was found that four mirnas (mir-1454, mir-3538, mir-146a-5p and mir-215-5p) were related to the infection of virulent nephropathogenic ibv with transcript per million (tpm) > 500 and more than a 2-fold alteration. in vi ... | 2018 | 29702211 |
| effects of hypervariable regions in spike protein on pathogenicity, tropism, and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus. | to study the roles of hypervariable regions (hvrs) in receptor-binding subunit s1 of the spike protein, we manipulated the genome of the ibv beaudette strain using a reverse genetics system to construct seven recombinant strains by separately or simultaneously replacing the three hvrs of the beaudette strain with the corresponding fragments from a qx-like nephropathogenic isolate ck/ch/ldl/091022 from china. we characterized the growth properties of these recombinant ibvs in vero cells and embry ... | 2018 | 29684409 |
| immunosensor based on antibody-functionalized mos2 for rapid detection of avian coronavirus on cotton thread. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), an avian coronavirus, significantly affects the performance of both the egg-laying and meat-type birds causing the foremost of economic loss in poultry industry. this paper aims to develop a rapid, low-cost, and sensitive biosensor for ibv detection by using molybdenum disulfide (mos2). mos2 is a 2-d nanosheet which has strong high fluorescence-quenching ability when applied to a dye-labeled antibody (ab). in this paper, we developed an ab-functionalized mos2-b ... | 2018 | 32390783 |
| inactivated infectious bronchitis virus vaccine encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles induces mucosal immune responses and effective protection against challenge. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the most important viral diseases of poultry. the mucosa of upper respiratory tract, specially the trachea, is the primary replication site for this virus. however, conventional inactivate ibv vaccines usually elicit reduced mucosal immune responses and local protection. thus, an inactivated ibv vaccine containing br-i genotype strain encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (ibv-cs) was produced by ionic gelation method to be administered by oculo ... | 2018 | 29653848 |
| resiquimod enhances mucosal and systemic immunity against avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine in the chicken. | adjuvant enhancing mucosal immune response is preferred in controlling many pathogens at the portal of entry. earlier, we reported that a toll-like-receptor 7 (tlr7) agonist, resiquimod (r-848), stimulated the systemic immunity when adjuvanted with the inactivated newcastle disease virus vaccine in the chicken. here, we report the effect of r-848 when adjuvanted with live or inactivated avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines with special emphasis on mucosal immunity. specific pathogen ... | 2018 | 29635053 |
| emergence of a genotype i variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus from northern part of india. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the foremost causes of a persistent economic burden to poultry industries worldwide. ibv belongs to the genus gammacoronavirus within the family coronaviridae. the ibv infection leads to respiratory and nephrogenic symptoms in broiler chickens. in addition, its infection leads to reduced fertility and hatchability in layer birds. we determined the first complete genome sequence of a variant ibv from an outbreak in haryana state of the northern part of ... | 2018 | 29621536 |
| genetic and pathologic characterization of a novel recombinant tc07-2-type avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) with the tc07-2 genotype have spread rapidly in east asia since they were first reported in china in 2007. in 2015, an ibv with the tc07-2 genotype (designated krd1515) was isolated from layer chickens with severe respiratory symptoms in korea. in the present study, the full-length open reading frames of the spike (s) and nucleocapsid (n) genes of the virus were sequenced and analyzed. s1 gene phylogenetic analysis revealed that the krd1515 virus cluste ... | 2018 | 29620461 |
| comparative evaluation of the pathogenicity of mycoplasma gallinaceum in chickens. | mycoplasma gallinaceum is not among the most pathogenic mycoplasmas affecting poultry, but its continuous re-isolation from flocks in south africa displaying typical signs of mycoplasmosis prompted us to revisit its role in respiratory disease. specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chickens were co-challenged with either m. gallinaceum (mgc) and qx-like infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), or the more virulent mycoplasm gallisepticum (mg) and ibv. no clinical signs were observed apart from sneezing ... | 2018 | 29620458 |
| isolation and characteristics of the arkansas-type infectious bronchitis virus in china. | two infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains, designated as γcov/ck/china/i0712/11 (i0712/11) and γcov/ck/china/i0108/17 (i0108/17), were isolated from diseased chicken flocks in different provinces in china and genotyped as arkansas (ark)-type viruses with three other chinese ark field strains, the jilin vaccine strain, and the american ark- and ark dpi-like viruses. complete genomic sequence analysis and pairwise comparison of nucleotide sequences encoding the s1 subunit of the spike protein ... | 2018 | 29620453 |
| effect of restricted feed intake in broiler breeder hens on their stress levels and the growth and immunology of their offspring. | the prenatal environment has been shown to have significant effects on the lifelong health of offspring in humans and other species. such effects have not been studied extensively in avian species but could prove important, especially in the case of severe feed restriction imposed on broiler breeder hens to prevent obesity and reduce rate of lay. feed restriction can potentially affect not only nutrient supply to the embryo but stress hormone levels within the hen. this study investigated the im ... | 2018 | 32704710 |
| supplementing dietary rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.) powder and vitamin e in broiler chickens: evaluation of humoral immune response, lymphoid organs, and blood proteins. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.) powder (rp) and vitamin e (ve) at different levels on humoral immunity of broilers during a 42-day production cycle. a total of 270 1-day-old male chicks were assigned to nine groups with three replicates of ten birds each, and diets were supplemented with 0, 0.5, or 1.0% rp and 0, 100, or 200 mg/kg ve, respectively. commercial-inactivated vaccines against avian influenza (ai) and newcastle disease (nd) ... | 2018 | 29330815 |
| induction of innate immune response following introduction of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in the trachea and renal tissues of chickens. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens, which is caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the innate immune response is crucial for antiviral infections and revealing the pathogenic mechanisms of ibv. in this study, we presents an evaluation of interferon (i, ii and iii ifns) in renal and tracheal samples from chickens experimentally infected previously vaccinated or not. the results suggest differential expression of chicken interferon, among t ... | 2018 | 29330060 |
| differential effects of experimental hyperthyroidism on declined immunity of broiler chicken. | thyroid hormones (ths) are involved in the development of lymphoid organs and regulation of immune function in birds. however, their role as an immune-modulator in the hyperthyroid state is still debatable. to explore the interrelationship of thyroxine (t4) and the immune system, chicks were divided into three groups. group i was comprised of control birds, who received the basal diet while group ii and iii were given diets supplemented with 5 μg and 10 μg thyroxine/kg feed, respectively, from 1 ... | 2018 | 29327786 |
| pathogenicity differences between qx-like and mass-type infectious bronchitis viruses. | infectious bronchitis is a highly contagious, acute viral respiratory disease of chickens, caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in recent years, the isolation rate of qx-like ibv has increased in the world. to clarify this phenomenon and better understand the pathogenicity of qx-like ibv, we examined differences in pathogenicity between two ibv strains, sd and m41, which belong to qx-like and mass-type ibv, respectively. sd strain was more virulent in 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free ch ... | 2018 | 29291996 |
| development and evaluation of novel recombinant adenovirus-based vaccine candidates for infectious bronchitis virus and mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickens. | avian infectious bronchitis caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and mycoplasmosis caused by mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) are two major respiratory diseases in chickens that have resulted in severe economic losses in the poultry industry. we constructed a recombinant adenovirus that simultaneously expresses the s1 spike glycoprotein of ibv and the tm-1 protein of mg (pbh-s1-tm-1-egfp). for comparison, we constructed two recombinant adenoviruses (pbh-s1-egfp and pbh-tm-1-egfp) that e ... | 2018 | 29115156 |
| characterization of the complete genome, antigenicity, pathogenicity, tissue tropism, and shedding of a recombinant avian infectious bronchitis virus with a ck/ch/ljl/140901-like backbone and an s2 fragment from a 4/91-like virus. | in this study, we isolated an infectious bronchitis virus, designated i1101/16, from broiler breeders in china. analysis of the s1 gene showed that isolate i1101/16 was genetically close to strain ck/ch/ljl/140901, which belongs to the tw i genotype (also known as lineage gi-7 based on the recent ibv classification), however the s2 gene showed genetic diversity comparing to that of s1 gene. comparison of the genomic sequences showed that the genome of isolate i1101/16 was similar to that of stra ... | 2018 | 29141204 |
| evaluation of 793/b-like and mass-like vaccine strain kinetics in experimental and field conditions by real-time rt-pcr quantification. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a great economic burden both for productive losses and costs of the control strategies. many different vaccination protocols are applied in the same region and even in consecutive cycles on the same farm in order to find the perfect balance between costs and benefits. in northern italy, the usual second vaccination is more and more often moved up to the chick's first d of life. the second strain administration together with the common mass priming by spray at ... | 2018 | 29077954 |
| coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus non-structural proteins 8 and 12 form stable complex independent of the non-translated regions of viral rna and other viral proteins. | the cleavage products from coronavirus polyproteins, known as the non-structural proteins (nsps), are believed to make up the major components of the viral replication/transcription complex. in this study, several nsps encoded by avian gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were screened for rna-binding activity and interaction with its rna-dependent rna polymerase, nsp12. nsp2, nsp5, nsp8, nsp9 and nsp10 were found to bind to untranslated regions (utrs), while nsp8 was confirmed to ... | 2018 | 29035788 |
| identification of n-linked glycosylation sites in the spike protein and their functional impact on the replication and infectivity of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus in cell culture. | spike (s) glycoprotein on the viral envelope is the main determinant of infectivity. the s protein of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) contains 29 putative asparagine(n)-linked glycosylation sites. these post-translational modifications may assist in protein folding and play important roles in the functionality of s protein. in this study, we used bioinformatics tools to predict n-linked glycosylation sites and to analyze their distribution in ibv strains and variants. among these s ... | 2018 | 29035787 |
| detection of different genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus and of infectious bursal disease virus in european broilers during an epidemiological study in 2013 and the consequences for the diagnostic approach. | to gather recent data regarding the infectious bronchitis (ib) and infectious bursal disease (ibd) situation in europe, a large-scale field epidemiological survey using diagnostic samples has been implemented in 2013 for about six months in several european countries: france, germany, greece, italy, the netherlands, poland, portugal, the republic of ireland, spain and the uk. in 234 flocks that were sampled, strains from 10 different ibv genotypes were detected: the 793b genotype was detected mo ... | 2018 | 28972403 |
| sensitive sybr green-real time pcr for the detection and quantitation of avian rotavirus a. | avian rotavirus a (artv-a) is a virus that affects young birds, causing acute diarrhea and economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. the techniques used for the diagnosis of artv-a include electron microscopy, isolation in cell culture, and serology, as well as molecular techniques, such as the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the objective of this work was to standardize a real-time rt-polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) using sybr green chemistry for the rapid ... | 2018 | 30597964 |
| combined use of elisa and western blot with recombinant n protein is a powerful tool for the immunodiagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis. | the avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) remains a significant source of loss in the poultry industry and early diagnosis is required to prevent the disease from spreading. this study examined the combined use of an elisa and western blot (wb) to detect antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein (n) of ibv. the coding sequence for n was amplified by rt-pcr and expressed in escherichia coli. a soluble recombinant n protein (rn) of approximately 50 kda was obtained. a total of 389 sera were te ... | 2018 | 30541588 |
| comparative features of infections of two massachusetts (mass) infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants isolated from western canadian layer flocks. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in chickens. there are numerous serotypes and variants, which do not confer cross protection resulting in failure of currently used ibv vaccines. although variant ibv isolates with major genetic differences have been subjected to comparative studies, it is unknown whether minor genetic differences in ibv variants within a serotype are different in terms of pathogenesis and eliciting host responses. two mass ... | 2018 | 30526618 |
| disclosing respiratory coinfections: a broad-range panel assay for avian respiratory pathogens on a nanofluidic pcr platform. | respiratory syndromes (rs) are among the most significant pathological conditions in food animals and are caused by complex coactions of pathogens and environmental factors. in poultry, low pathogenic avian influenza a viruses, metapneumoviruses, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, mycoplasma spp. escherichia coli and/or ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort) in turkeys, are considered as key co-infectious agents of respiratory syndromes. aspergillus sp., pasteurella ... | 2018 | 29350071 |
| mitochondrial bioenergy alterations in avian hd11 macrophages infected with infectious bronchitis virus. | to establish an association between mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis following infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection, hd11 avian macrophage cells were infected with the massachusetts 41 (m41) strain. our results show that the m41 strain of ibv induced cytopathic effects followed by the release of new viral particles. elevated numbers of apoptotic cells were observed at 24, 48 and 72 h post-infection (p.i.). viral infection was associated with mitochondrial membrane depolarization an ... | 2018 | 29302792 |
| avian metapneumovirus circulation in italian broiler farms. | with increasing frequency, avian metapneumovirus (ampv) is reported to induce respiratory signs in chickens. an adequate knowledge of current ampv prevalence among italian broilers is lacking, with little information available on its economical and health impact on the poultry industry. in order to collect preliminary data on the epidemiological context of ampv in broiler flocks, a survey was performed in areas of northern italy with high poultry density from 2014 to 2016. upper respiratory trac ... | 2018 | 29253264 |
| assessment of mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine efficacy in a co-infection challenge model with qx-like infectious bronchitis virus. | mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) is the primary cause of chronic respiratory disease in poultry. we investigated the protective efficacy of the live attenuated ts-11 and 6/85 mg vaccines against a local mg strain, and in order to enhance symptoms and mimic a typical field situation, we co-infected birds with a virulent strain of qx-like infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). both vaccines showed similar ability to protect infected chickens from clinical signs, although ts-11 performed slightly better. ... | 2018 | 29451010 |
| induction of innate host responses characterized by production of interleukin (il)-1β and recruitment of macrophages to the respiratory tract of chickens following infection with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection is a major cause of economic losses to the poultry industry. due to limitations in current control measures, alternative approaches, based on thorough understanding of the host responses are required. as one of the key component of the avian immune system, the innate immune system has a crucial role in limiting virus replication at the initial stage of the infection. as parts of the innate host response, macrophages and cytokines, such as interleukin ( ... | 2018 | 29426399 |
| recombinant live attenuated avian coronavirus vaccines with deletions in the accessory genes 3ab and/or 5ab protect against infectious bronchitis in chickens. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a respiratory pathogen of chickens, causing severe economic losses in poultry industry worldwide. live attenuated viruses are widely used in both the broiler and layer industry because of their efficacy and ability to be mass applied. recently, we established a novel reverse genetics system based on targeted rna recombination to manipulate the genome of ibv strain h52. here we explore the possibilities to attenuate ibv in a rational way in o ... | 2018 | 29366709 |
| detection of antibodies to seven priority pathogens in backyard poultry in trinidad, west indies. | backyard poultry farms in trinidad and tobago (t&t) play a vital role in providing food and income for rural communities. there is currently no information on the presence and circulation of pathogens in backyard poultry farms in t&t, and little is known in relation to the potential risks of spread of these pathogens to the commercial poultry sector. in order to address this, serum samples were collected from 41 chickens on five backyard farms taken from selected locations in trinidad. s ... | 2018 | 29361703 |
| a review of eight high-priority, economically important viral pathogens of poultry within the caribbean region. | viral pathogens cause devastating economic losses in poultry industries worldwide. the caribbean region, which boasts some of the highest rates of poultry consumption in the world, is no exception. this review summarizes evidence for the circulation and spread of eight high-priority, economically important poultry viruses across the caribbean region. avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), avian met ... | 2018 | 29373488 |
| serological evidence for eight globally important poultry viruses in trinidad & tobago. | viruses affecting poultry cause significant levels of disease leading to severe economic losses among poultry farmers worldwide. the americas region continues to be vulnerable to the spread of poultry viruses across the continents and caribbean island chains. in trinidad and tobago (t&t) there is limited information on the viruses circulating in poultry. many flock are vulnerable to infection and there are occasional outbreaks of disease resulting in high levels of morbidity and mortality. this ... | 2018 | 29290303 |
| a multiplex real-time rt-pcr for simultaneous detection of four most common avian respiratory viruses. | a one-step multiplex real-time reverse transcription-pcr (rrt-pcr) assay was developed for simultaneous detection and quantification of four avian respiratory viruses: avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv) and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). in comparison with the singleplex rrt-pcr, the specificity, the sensitivity and the reproducibility of the new assay were evaluated and validated using 70 clinical samples. the optimal cutoff ... | 2018 | 29223788 |
| development of an xtag-multiplex pcr array for the detection of four avian respiratory viruses. | acute respiratory tract infections are of paramount importance in the poultry industry. we developed an xtag bead assay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). the assay lacked nonspecific reactions with other common avian viruses and the limit of detection was 6.75 × 102- 3.52 × 103copies/μl. we examined 60 clinical specimens and found 18 posi ... | 2018 | 29054443 |
| efficacy of h120 and ma5 avian infectious bronchitis vaccines in early challenge against qx strain. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly infectious avian pathogen, which affects the respiratory tract, gut, reproductive system, and kidney of chicks of all ages. many different serotypes of ib virus (ibv) are recognized which cause different clinical manifestations. according to the antigenic differences, different serotypes of the virus do not cross-protect. massachusetts serotype induces the best cross-protection against other serotypes. recently, the ibv qx strain has been detected in iran. ... | 2018 | 29607371 |
| enteric virus diversity examined by molecular methods in brazilian poultry flocks. | enteric viruses play an important role in the brazilian poultry industry due to the economic impact of resulting low yields of broilers, layers, and breeders. the most common enteric viruses affecting commercial flocks in brazil include fowl adenovirus of group i (fadv-i), chicken parvovirus (chpv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian nephritis virus (anv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian reovirus (areo), and avian rotavirus (artv). the aim of this study was to identify single and multipl ... | 2018 | 29596389 |
| coronavirus infection retards the development of the cortico-medullary capillary network in the bursa of fabricius of chicken. | coronavirus infection delays the development of the cortico-medullary (cm) capillary network which results in retarded development of bursal follicles. the smaller size of the medulla in the coronavirus-infected birds may lead to a lower number of b lymphocytes and bursal secretory dendritic cells, which negatively affects the reactivity and efficacy of the immune system. contrary to the wild-type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain, infection induced by h120 vaccine virus exerts only a mod ... | 2018 | 29580080 |
| phylodynamic analysis and molecular diversity of the avian infectious bronchitis virus of chickens in brazil. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the etiological agent of a highly contagious disease, which results in severe economic losses to the poultry industry. the spike protein (s1 subunit) is responsible for the molecular diversity of the virus and many sero/genotypes are described around the world. recently a new standardized classification of the ibv molecular diversity was conducted, based on phylogenetic analysis of the s1 gene sequences sampled worldwide. brazil is one of the biggest po ... | 2018 | 29574164 |
| coronavirus s protein-induced fusion is blocked prior to hemifusion by abl kinase inhibitors. | enveloped viruses gain entry into host cells by fusing with cellular membranes, a step that is required for virus replication. coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov), middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), fuse at the plasma membrane or use receptor-mediated endocytosis and fuse with endosomes, depending on the cell or tissue type. the virus spike (s) protein mediates fusion with the host cell ... | 2018 | 29557770 |
| avian coronavirus isolated from a pigeon sample induced clinical disease, tracheal ciliostasis, and a high humoral response in day-old chicks. | the detection of avian coronaviruses (avcov) in wild birds and the emergence of new avcov have increased in the past few years. in the present study, the pathogenicity of three avcov isolates was investigated in day-old chicks. one avcov isolated from a pigeon, which clustered with the massachusetts vaccine serotype, and two avcov isolated from chickens, which grouped with a brazilian genotype lineage, were used. clinical signs, gross lesions, histopathological changes, ciliary activity, viral r ... | 2018 | 29517348 |
| attenuation, safety, and efficacy of a qx-like infectious bronchitis virus serotype vaccine. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which is a considerable economic threat to the poultry industry. qx-like ibv strains have increasingly emerged in china in recent years. hence, development of a specific vaccine to guard against their potential threat is important. in this study, we sought to develop an attenuated vaccine strain. first, attenuated qx-like ibv strain sz130 was created by continuous passage in chicken ... | 2018 | 29496346 |
| rapid detection and differentiation of avian infectious bronchitis virus: an application of mass genotype by melting temperature analysis in rt-qpcr using sybr green i. | a method based on melting temperature analysis of hypervariable regions (hvr) of s1 gene within a rt-qpcr was developed to detect different genotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and identify the mass genotype. the method was able to rapidly identify the mass genotype among ibv field isolates, vaccine attenuated strains and reference m41 strain in allantoic liquid and also directly in tissues. the rt-qpcr developed detected the virus in both tracheal and pulmonary samples from m41- ... | 2018 | 29491226 |
| innate antiviral immune response against infectious bronchitis virus and involvement of prostaglandin e2 in the uterine mucosa of laying hens. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is an enveloped rna virus that causes deformities in eggshells. the aim of this study was to investigate the innate immune response to ibv, and to determine whether prostaglandin (pg) e2, which is synthesized during inflammation, is involved in the innate immune response in the uterine mucosa. the effects of intra-oviductal inoculation with attenuated ibv (aibv) on the expression of viral rna recognition receptors and innate antiviral factors were examined by re ... | 2018 | 29407895 |
| detection of infectious bronchitis virus 793b, avian metapneumovirus, mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae in poultry in ethiopia. | a survey was conducted into respiratory infectious diseases of poultry on a chicken breeder farm run by the ethiopian institute of agricultural research (eiar), located in debre zeit, ethiopia. oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 117 randomly selected birds, and blood was taken from a subset of 73 of these birds. a combination of serological and molecular methods was used for detection of pathogens. for the first time in ethiopia, we report the detection of variant infectious bronchitis viru ... | 2017 | 27924415 |
| potential immunomodulatory effects of non-dialyzable materials of cranberry extract in poultry production. | studies on effects of cranberry products in animals, especially in chickens, are very scarce or even lacking. this study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of high molecular weight non-dialyzable materials (ndms) of cranberry extract. the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. the ability of ndms (0, 1, 2, or 4 mg/ml) to enhance phagocytic activities was also evaluated using chicken heterophils (ches) against staphylococcus aureus furthermore, a broiler mo ... | 2017 | 27587728 |
| a serosurvey of greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in nevada, usa. | to better understand the potential avian diseases in greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in the great basin in nevada, us, we collected 31 blood samples march-april 2014 and tested for antibodies to eight viruses and two bacteria. specifically, sera were tested for antibodies to avian leukosis virus type a, b, and j (alv-a, alv-b, and alv-j, respectively), infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, reticuloendothelial virus, avian influenza virus (aiv), west nile ... | 2017 | 27705104 |
| maternal antibody decay and antibody-mediated immune responses in chicken pullets fed prebiotics and synbiotics. | three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast-derived carbohydrates (ydc), and a blend of probiotics and ydc (synbiotic, snb) on serum igg concentration, maternal-derived antibody (mda) decay, and specific antibody-mediated immune response in chick pullets following immunization with t-cell dependent antigens. a total of 300 day-old pullet chicks were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments including: a basal diet (control), and diets containing ydc, and snb (lactobacillus a ... | 2017 | 27433011 |
| development and application of nsp5-elisa for the detection of antibody to infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) continues to be one of the most important poultry pathogens worldwide. the current commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kits for ibv specific antibody detection are mostly based on the whole virion, and few serological tests based on nonstructural proteins of ibv have been developed. herein, an alternative indirect elisa for detection of ibv antibody was developed with ibv nonstructural protein 5 (nsp5) produced by escherichia coli. u ... | 2017 | 28223026 |
| a survey for selected avian viral pathogens in backyard chicken farms in finland. | backyard poultry are regaining popularity in europe and increased interest in the health and management of non-commercial farms has resulted. furthermore, commercial poultry farm owners have become concerned about the risk represented by contagious avian diseases that nearby backyard poultry could transmit. fifty-one voluntary backyard chicken farms were visited between october 2012 and january 2013. blood samples and individual cloacal swabs were collected from 457 chickens. in 44 farms (86%), ... | 2017 | 27624642 |
| single nucleoprotein residue determines influenza a virus sensitivity to an intertypic suppression mechanism. | several mechanisms underlying intertypic interference between co-infecting influenza types a and b viruses (iav and ibv) have been proposed. we have recently described one in which ibv's nucleoprotein (bnp) sequestered iav's nucleoprotein (anp) and suppressed iav polymerase and growth. however, its anti-iav capacity and limitations have not been fully explored. here, we showed that bnp's inhibitory effect was more potent toward a wide array of avian iavs, whereas human iavs revealed moderate res ... | 2017 | 28371631 |
| development of an alternative modified live influenza b virus vaccine. | influenza b virus (ibv) is considered a major human pathogen, responsible for seasonal epidemics of acute respiratory illness. two antigenically distinct ibv ha lineages co-circulate worldwide with little cross-reactivity between each other. live attenuated influenza virus vaccines (laiv) have been shown to provide improved cross-protective immune responses compared to inactivated vaccines by eliciting local mucosal immunity and systemic b cell and t cell-mediated memory responses. we have previ ... | 2017 | 28381580 |
| new oligonucleotide microarray for rapid diagnosis of avian viral diseases. | we developed a new oligonucleotide microarray comprising 16 identical subarrays for simultaneous rapid detection of avian viruses: avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infection bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in single- and mixed-virus infections. the objective of the study was to develop an oligonucleotide microarray for rapid diagnosis of avian diseases that would be used in the course of mass analysis for routine epidemiological surve ... | 2017 | 28381285 |
| recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing the infectious bronchitis virus s1 gene protects chickens against newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus challenge. | the recombinant lasota strain expressing a chimeric ibv s1 gene (rlasota-s1) was constructed with the s1 gene of the lx4 type ibv ck/ch/ldl/091022. the expression of the s1 protein was detected by an indirect immunofluorescence assay and western blotting. the rlasota-s1 strain was slightly attenuated, and its growth dynamics were similar to that of the parental lasota strain. vaccination of specific pathogen-free chickens with the rlasota-s1 strain induced ndv hemagglutination inhibition antibod ... | 2017 | 28342665 |
| new real time and conventional rt-pcrs for updated molecular diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus infection (ibv) in chickens in egypt associated with frequent co-infections with avian influenza and newcastle disease viruses. | in egypt, currently two geographically restricted genotypes of the infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv) are circulating with detrimental effects for poultry industry. a sensitive real-time rt-pcr assay targeting the ibv nucleocapsid gene (n) was developed to screen clinical samples for presence of ibv. conventional rt-pcrs amplifying hypervariable regions (hvrs 1-2 and 3) of the ibv s1 gene were developed and amplificates used for nucleotide sequence-based typing of ibv field strains in egypt ... | 2017 | 28336367 |
| the papain-like protease of avian infectious bronchitis virus has deubiquitinating activity. | coronavirus papain-like proteases (plps) can act as proteases that process virus-encoded large replicase polyproteins and also as deubiquitinating (dub) enzymes. like the plps of other coronaviruses (covs), the avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) plp catalyzes proteolysis of gly-gly dipeptide bonds to release mature cleavage products. however, the other functions of the ibv plp are not well understood. in this study, we found that ibv exhibits strong global dub activity with significant redu ... | 2017 | 28316013 |
| minimum infectious dose determination of the arkansas delmarva poultry industry infectious bronchitis virus vaccine delivered by hatchery spray cabinet. | the arkansas delmarva poultry industry (arkdpi) infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine is effective when administered by eye drop, where the vaccine virus is able to infect and replicate well in birds and is able to induce protection against homologous challenge. however, accumulating evidence indicates that the arkdpi vaccine is ineffective when applied by hatchery spray cabinet using the same manufacturer-recommended dose per bird. for this study, we aimed to determine the minimum infectiou ... | 2017 | 28301234 |
| structural basis for dimerization and rna binding of avian infectious bronchitis virus nsp9. | the potential for infection by coronaviruses (covs) has become a serious concern with the recent emergence of middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in the human population. covs encode two large polyproteins, which are then processed into 15-16 nonstructural proteins (nsps) that make significant contributions to viral replication and transcription by assembling the rna replicase complex. among them, nsp9 plays an essential role in viral replication ... | 2017 | 28257598 |
| heat shock protein 70 in lung and kidney of specific-pathogen-free chickens is a receptor-associated protein that interacts with the binding domain of the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a member of the family coronaviridae. a binding domain that mediates the attachment of the virus to its receptor has been identified in the s1 protein of prototype ibv strain m41. in this study, we identified this binding domain in a different strain, as well as the cellular proteins that interact with it. first, we expressed the s1n proteins (residues 19-270) of m41 and another isolate, sczj3, and compared the binding capacities of recombinant s1n-m41 ... | 2017 | 28224252 |
| early immune responses and development of pathogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis viruses with different virulence profiles. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) primarily replicates in epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract of chickens, inducing both morphological and immune modulatory changes. however, the association between the local immune responses induced by ibv and the mechanisms of pathogenesis has not yet been completely elucidated. this study compared the expression profile of genes related to immune responses in tracheal samples after challenge with two brazilian field isolates (a and b) of ibv ... | 2017 | 28199419 |
| comparative genomics of qx-like infectious bronchitis viruses in korea. | to minimize the spread of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), domestic fowl have been extensively vaccinated with the km91 strain. however, various ibv qx-like virus strains have become increasingly prevalent in korea. we conducted comparative genomic analyses of seven qx-like viruses: early viruses (n = 2), new cluster 1 (nc1; recombinants of km91 and the early qx-like viruses, n = 3) and recurrent viruses (n = 2), to understand their genomic backgrounds. the early and nc1 viruses had km91-like ... | 2017 | 28116527 |
| identification of a novel recombinant virulent avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the emergence of new infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants is often disastrous in the poultry industry. in this study, an ibv, ck/ch/2010/jt-1, was isolated from an h120- and 4/91-ibv-vaccinated flock in china. antisera against vaccine strains h120 and 4/91 could not provide effective protection against ck/ch/2010/jt-1 in virus neutralization assays. ck/ch/2010/jt-1 could cause 43.75% mortality with respiratory and severe renal lesions in inoculated chickens. phylogenetic analysis of the s1 ... | 2017 | 28110778 |
| the relationship between liver-kidney impairment and viral load after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection in embryonic chickens. | to examine the relationship of impairments of the liver and kidney with viral load after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (nibv) infection in embryonic chickens, 120 specific-pathogen-free leghorn embryonated chicken eggs were randomly divided into two groups (infected and control), with three replicates per group and 20 eggs in each replicate. the eggs in the infected and control groups were challenged with 0.2 ml of 10(5.5) eld50 nibv and sterile saline solution, respectively. the ... | 2017 | 28108730 |
| a broadly protective therapeutic antibody against influenza b virus with two mechanisms of action. | influenza b virus (ibv) causes annual influenza epidemics around the world. here we use an in vivo plasmablast enrichment technique to isolate a human monoclonal antibody, 46b8 that neutralizes all ibvs tested in vitro and protects mice against lethal challenge of all ibvs tested when administered 72 h post infection. 46b8 demonstrates a superior therapeutic benefit over tamiflu and has an additive antiviral effect in combination with tamiflu. 46b8 binds to a conserved epitope in the vestigial e ... | 2017 | 28102191 |