Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| dilated cardiomyopathy mutations in thin-filament regulatory proteins reduce contractility, suppress systolic ca2+, and activate nfat and akt signaling. | dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) is clinically characterized by dilated ventricular cavities and reduced ejection fraction, leading to heart failure and increased thromboembolic risk. mutations in thin-filament regulatory proteins can cause dcm and have been shown in vitro to reduce contractility and myofilament ca2+-affinity. in this work we have studied the functional consequences of mutations in cardiac troponin t (r131w), cardiac troponin i (k36q) and α-tropomyosin (e40k) using adenovirally tran ... | 2020 | 32618513 |
| artemisinin loaded mpeg-pcl nanoparticle based photosensitive gelatin methacrylate hydrogels for the treatment of gentamicin induced hearing loss. | artemisinin (art) is a natural anti-malarial sesquiterpene lactone which has the ability to treat and activate the clrn1 pathway to play a pivotal role in hearing loss and hair cell function. to investigate the therapeutic effect of art in hearing loss induced by gentamicin (gm), an art-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) mpeg-pcl nanoparticle-based photosensitive hydrogel was developed and tested in this study. | 2020 | 32612358 |
| ascorbate maintains a low plasma oxygen level. | in human blood, oxygen is mainly transported by red blood cells. accordingly, the dissolved oxygen level in plasma is expected to be limited, although it has not been quantified yet. here, by developing dedicated methods and tools, we determined that human plasma po2 = 8.4 mmhg (1.1% o2). oxygen solubility in plasma was believed to be similar to water. here we reveal that plasma has an additional ascorbate-dependent oxygen-reduction activity. plasma experimental oxygenation oxidizes ascorbate (4 ... | 2020 | 32606354 |
| activity- and ph-dependent adenosine shifts at the end of a focal seizure in the entorhinal cortex. | adenosine (ado) is an endogenous modulator of neuronal excitability, with anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects. it has been proposed that the activity-dependent release of ado promoted by the extracellular acidification occurring during seizures contributes to seizure termination. to verify this hypothesis, we recorded field potentials, ph and ado changes measured with enzymatic biosensors during acute focal seizures in the medial entorhinal cortex (mec) of the isolated guinea-pig brain ma ... | 2020 | 32599416 |
| design, optimization and evaluation of co-surfactant free microemulsion-based hydrogel with low surfactant for enhanced transdermal delivery of lidocaine. | microemulsion is the preferred vehicle for local anesthetics; however, the toxicity and irritation associated with a quantity use of surfactants (s) and co-surfactants (cs), i.e., medium- or short-chain alcohols, restrict its commercial application. in this study, efforts have been made to enlarge the cs-free microemulsion area by mixing olive oil (ol) with α-linolenic acid (ala) and linoleic acid (la), and by using vitamin e succinate (ves) as an auxiliary oil. through box-behnken design and th ... | 2020 | 32599129 |
| [comparative characteristics of enzymatic hydrolysis methods for isolating toxic substances from blood and hair]. | the aim of study was to develop methods for the hydrolysis with hyaluronidases for the isolation of drugs (phenobarbital, diphenhydramine hydrochloride and phenibut) from biological objects (blood, hair) and to compare their effectivenes with previously developed methods of enzymatic hydrolysis. the studies were carried out using model «blood - model drug substance (mds)», a natural and artificially colored wool (hair) of laboratory animals - guinea pigs of white, red and black natural colors, w ... | 2020 | 32597607 |
| a dose-effect study of cisplatin ototoxicity in albino guinea pigs. | cisplatin is one of the most commonly used antineoplastic drugs; nonetheless, its ototoxic dose-limiting side effects have remained a significant challenge in clinical practice. the recognition of the exact template of hearing loss induced by multiple low doses of cisplatin could be of great help in managing the treatment process. the present study aimed to investigate the effects of multiple doses of this drug on the auditory system. | 2020 | 32596174 |
| relationship between redox potential of glutathione and dna methylation level in liver of newborn guinea pigs. | the metabolism of dna methylation is reported to be sensitive to oxidant molecules or oxidative stress. hypothesis: early-life oxidative stress characterized by the redox potential of glutathione influences the dna methylation level. the in vivo study aimed at the impact of modulating redox potential of glutathione on dna methylation. newborn guinea pigs received different nutritive modalities for 4 days: oral nutrition, parenteral nutrition including lipid emulsion intralipid (pn-il) or smoflip ... | 2020 | 32594836 |
| health effects of trimellitic anhydride occupational exposure: insights from animal models and immunosurveillance programs. | acid anhydrides are used by chemical industries as plasticizers. trimellitic acid (tma) is an acid anhydride widely utilized in factories to produce paints, varnishes, and plastics. in addition to causing direct irritant effects, tma can augment antibody responses in exposed factory workers leading to occupational asthma. therefore, industries producing tma have implemented occupational immunosurveillance programs (oisps) to ensure early diagnosis and medical management, involving exposure reduc ... | 2020 | 32594360 |
| fadolmidine - favourable adverse effects profile for spinal analgesia suggested by in vitro and in vivo models. | fadolmidine is an α2-adrenoceptor full agonist developed for spinal analgesia with a local mode of action. the purpose of this study was to demonstrate the safety of fadolmidine on known α2-adrenoceptor-related effects: kidney function, urodynamics and cardiovascular variables. furthermore, the binding affinity of fadolmidine for the 5-ht3 receptor prompted functional studies on 5-ht3. according to the binding affinity data, fadolmidine demonstrated partial agonism on the 5-ht3 receptor in trans ... | 2020 | 32592769 |
| improving glucose metabolism in the auditory cortex delays the aging of auditory function of guinea pig. | the glucose homeostasis is essential for brain function, and energy deficiency is a key feature of brain aging. we investigated whether improving glucose metabolism in the auditory cortex can delay the aging of auditory function of guinea pigs with age-related hearing loss (arhl) by d-galactose. auditory function was assessed by auditory brainstem response (abr), glucose metabolism was detected by micro pet/ct, and the proteome were identified in auditory cortex by two-dimensional electrophoresi ... | 2020 | 32592712 |
| endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates scleral remodeling in a guinea pig model of form-deprivation myopia. | this study aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress in scleral remodeling in a guinea pig model of form-deprivation myopia (fdm). | 2020 | 32587758 |
| hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy-associated troponin t mutations r130c and δk210 oppositely affect length-dependent calcium sensitivity of force generation. | length-dependent activation of calcium-dependent myocardial force generation provides the basis for the frank-starling mechanism. to directly compare the effects of mutations associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy, the native troponin complex in skinned trabecular fibers of guinea pigs was exchanged with recombinant heterotrimeric, human, cardiac troponin complexes containing different human cardiac troponin t subunits (hctnt): hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associat ... | 2020 | 32581830 |
| polyethylene oxide molecular size determines the severity of atypical thrombotic microangiopathy in a guinea pig model of acute intravenous exposure. | in 2017, opana er was voluntarily removed from the u.s. market based on concerns that its risks outweighed its therapeutic benefits. the data that supported this conclusion were based on postmarketing evaluation that demonstrated increased intravenous abuse associated outbreaks of hiv, hepatitis c, and uniquely, a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp)-like syndrome. in 2017, the cause was mechanistically linked to intravenous exposure of the high-molecular weight polyethylene oxide (peo), an ... | 2020 | 32579216 |
| safety and efficacy of blue light laser treatment in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. | hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (hht) is a hereditary condition that is associated with arteriovenous malformations. a common site for these malformations is the nasal mucosa, which is associated with severe epistaxis and debilitation for affected patients. we evaluated the efficacy and safety of blue light laser technology in treating these endonasal manifestations in a retrospective chart analysis. additionally, we compared blue light laser technology to bipolar coagulation in an animal ... | 2020 | 32573010 |
| a revised surgical approach to induce endolymphatic hydrops in the guinea pig. | endolymphatic hydrops is an enlargement of scala media that is most often associated with meniere's disease, though the pathophysiologic mechanism(s) remain unclear. in order to adequately study the attributes of endolymphatic hydrops, such as the origins of low-frequency hearing loss, a reliable model is needed. the guinea pig is a good model because it hears in the low-frequency regions that are putatively affected by endolymphatic hydrops. previous research has demonstrated that endolymphatic ... | 2020 | 32568243 |
| cdc42 drives rhoa activity and actin polymerization during capacitation. | mammalian sperm cells acquire fertilizing capacity as a result of a process termed capacitation. actin polymerization is important for capacitation; inhibiting actin polymerization prevents the adhesion and fusion of the sperm with the ovule. the main function of rho proteins cdc42 and rhoa is to direct actin polymerization. although these two rho proteins are present in mammalian sperm, little is known about their role in capacitation, the acrosome reaction, and the way in which they direct act ... | 2020 | 32567555 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a novel liquid fiducial marker for image-guided radiotherapy. | the true extent of a tumor is difficult to visualize, during radiotherapy, using current modalities. in the present study, the safety and feasibility of a mixture of n-butyl cyanoacrylate and lipiodol (nbca/lip) was evaluated in order to investigate the optimal combination for application as a fiducial marker for radiotherapy. four combinations of nbca/lip injection (1:1-0.1, 1:1-0.15, 1:3-0.1 and 1:3-0.15 ml) were injected into the subcutaneous tissue of balb/c mice. the changes in gross histop ... | 2020 | 32565982 |
| chlorella vulgaris α-l-arabino-α-l-rhamno-α,β-d-galactan structure and mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory and anti-remodelling effects. | microalgal exopolysaccharides (epss) are given great attention due to their potential biotechnology applications. purified c. vulgaris eps was subjected to compositional and sugar linkage analyses, and partial acid hydrolysis. hydrolysate separation by gel chromatography afforded oligosaccharide fractions. both, eps and oligomers were studied by nmr spectroscopy. data suggest very complex highly branched α-l-arabino-α-l-rhamno-α,β-d-galactan structure. backbone repeating unit is formed by →2)-α- ... | 2020 | 32565301 |
| impairment in neurocognitive function following experimental neonatal guinea pig cytomegalovirus infection. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) is a leading infectious cause of neurologic deficits, both in the settings of congenital and perinatal infection, but few animal models exist to study neurodevelopmental outcomes. this study examined the impact of neonatal guinea pig cmv (gpcmv) infection on spatial learning and memory in a morris water maze (mwm) model. | 2020 | 32555536 |
| effect of cholesterol on in vitro cultured interstitial cajal-like cells isolated from guinea pig gallbladders. | loss and/or dysfunction of interstitial cajal-like cells (iclcs) in the gallbladder may promote cholesterol gallstone formation by decreasing gallbladder motility. | 2020 | 32551028 |
| effect of roflumilast in airways disorders via dual inhibition of phosphodiesterase and ca2+-channel. | the bronchodilator effects of roflumilast "a selective phosphodiesterase type-4 (pde4)" inhibitor studied in this experimental protocol. the spiral strips of isolated guinea-pig tracheal chains mounted in organ bath and maintained in krebs solution ventilated with carbogen at 32 °c and in ca++ restricted krebs solution. pde inhibitory activity was evaluated by recording dose response curves using inhibitory effect of isoprenaline on cch induced contractions. for confirmation of pde inhibition th ... | 2020 | 32550801 |
| steady augmentation of anti-osteoarthritic actions of rapamycin by liposome-encapsulation in collaboration with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. | rapamycin has been considered as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (oa). drug carriers fabricated from liposomes can prolong the effects of drugs and reduce side effects of drugs. low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (lipus) has been found to possess anti-oa effects. | 2020 | 32547027 |
| postnatal guinea pig brain development, as revealed by magnetic resonance and diffusion kurtosis imaging. | this study used in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (mri) to identify age dependent brain structural characteristics in dunkin hartley guinea pigs. anatomical t2-weighted images, diffusion kurtosis (dki) imaging, and t2 relaxometry measures were acquired from a cohort of male guinea pigs from postnatal day (pnd) 18-25 (juvenile) to pnd 46-51 (adolescent) and pnd 118-123 (young adult). whole-brain diffusion measures revealed the distinct effects of maturation on the microstructural complexity of t ... | 2020 | 32545593 |
| use of the guinea pig model of genital herpes to evaluate vaccines and antivirals: review. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) are common throughout the world. infections are lifelong and may produce both acute and recurrent vesiculoulcerative disease as well as more severe diseases. despite disappointing results from recent hsv vaccine trials new vaccines and more potent antiviral therapies continue to be developed. these newer approaches require initial evaluations in animal models. in this review i have briefly described some of the models availa ... | 2020 | 32544409 |
| kyasanur forest disease virus non-mouse animal models: a pilot study. | mouse models have delivered variable recapitulation of kyasanur forest disease (kfd) pathology and consistently demonstrated neurological involvement which may be a limited feature of human disease. with the purpose of more accurately modelling human disease progression we infected several small-mammalian models: guinea pigs, hamsters and ferrets with a titered infectious dose of kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv). clinical indicators of disease severity were observed for seventeen days, on da ... | 2020 | 32539799 |
| vapbc22 toxin-antitoxin system from mycobacterium tuberculosis is required for pathogenesis and modulation of host immune response. | virulence-associated protein b and c toxin-antitoxin (ta) systems are widespread in prokaryotes, but their precise role in physiology is poorly understood. we have functionally characterized the vapbc22 ta system from mycobacterium tuberculosis. transcriptome analysis revealed that overexpression of vapc22 toxin in m. tuberculosis results in reduced levels of metabolic enzymes and increased levels of ribosomal proteins. proteomics studies showed reduced expression of virulence-associated protein ... | 2020 | 32537511 |
| atrase b, a novel metalloprotease with anti-complement and anti-coagulant activity, significantly delays discordant cardiac xenograft rejection. | both the complement and the coagulation systems play important roles in the development of hyperacute or acute antibody-mediated xenograft rejection. atrase b is a novel metalloproteinase isolated from the venom of naja atra. in this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of atrase b on complement activation and coagulation, as well as the effect on xenograft survival in a discordant xenotransplantation model. | 2020 | 32529740 |
| adaptive reshaping of the hormonal phenotype after social niche transition in adulthood. | phenotypic plasticity allows individuals to adjust traits to the environment. whether long-term adjustments of the phenotype occur during later life stages is largely unknown. to address this question, we examined whether hormonal phenotypes that are shaped by the environment during adolescence can still be reshaped in full adulthood. for this, guinea pig males were either housed in mixed-sex colonies or in heterosexual pairs. in adulthood, males were individually transferred to pair housing wit ... | 2020 | 32517608 |
| the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on the recovery of facial nerve function in a guinea pig model of facial palsy. | the efficacy of insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1) in the treatment of peripheral facial nerve palsy was investigated using an animal model. the facial nerve within the temporal bone was exposed and compressed by clamping. the animals were treated with either igf-1 or saline which was topically administered by a gelatin-based sustained-release hydrogel via an intratemporal route. the recovery from facial nerve palsy was evaluated at 8 weeks postoperatively based on eyelid closure, complete rec ... | 2020 | 32513097 |
| thymus vulgaris l. essential oil solid formulation: chemical profile and spasmolytic and antimicrobial effects. | a new thymus vulgaris l. solid essential oil (seo) formulation composed of liquid eo linked to solid excipients has been chemically analysed and evaluated for its intestinal spasmolytic and antispastic effects in ex vivo ileum and colon of guinea pig and compared with liquid eo and excipients. liquid eo and solid linked eo were analysed by original capillary electrochromatography coupled to diode array detection (cec-dad) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) methodologie ... | 2020 | 32512899 |
| the amplitude-normalized area of a bipolar electrogram as a measure of local conduction delay in the heart. | re-entrant ventricular tachycardia may be non-inducible or haemodynamically compromising, requiring assessment of the electrophysiological properties of the myocardium during sinus rhythm (i.e., substrate mapping). areas of heart tissue with slow conduction can act as a critical isthmus for re-entrant electrical excitation and are a potential target for ablation therapy. | 2020 | 32508676 |
| inhibition of kca2 channels decreased the risk of ventricular arrhythmia in the guinea pig heart during induced hypokalemia. | hypokalemia reduces the cardiac repolarization reserve. this prolongs the qt-interval and increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia; a risk that is exacerbated by administration of classical class 3 anti-arrhythmic agents.small conductance ca2+-activated k+-channels (kca2) are a promising new atrial selective target for treatment of atrial fibrillation. under physiological conditions kca2 plays a minor role in ventricular repolarization. however, this might change under hypokalemia because of ... | 2020 | 32508659 |
| sinigrin enhanced antiasthmatic effects of beta adrenergic receptors agonists by regulating camp-mediated pathways. | millions of patients suffer from asthma worldwide. however, the first-line drugs used to treat asthma, namely, the beta-adrenergic receptors agonists (β-agonists), are not recommended for use as monotherapy because of their severe dose-related side effects. this limitation has prompted the search for new therapies, which can be used in conjunction with β--agonists so that lower doses can be administered. sinigrin is a major compound found in many antiasthmatic medicinal plants. in this study, we ... | 2020 | 32508648 |
| comparison of camel, dog and the laboratory animals' sera with the fetal calf serum (fcs) for cultivation of leishmania major. | the best-known serum for leishmania spp. cultivation is the fetal calf serum (fcs), which is very expensive with ethical concerns. this study was conducted to compare various laboratory (balb/c mice, rat, rabbit, hamster and guinea pig) and non-laboratory (dog and camel) animals' sera as a substitute for fcs in l. major culture. l. major, mrho/ir/75/er strain, was cultivated in rpmi-1640 medium enriched with different percentages of mentioned animal's sera. parasite growth was checked constantly ... | 2020 | 32508404 |
| effects of dietary fatty acids on the social life of male guinea pigs from adolescence to adulthood. | dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) or saturated fatty acids (sfas) differently modulates neurophysiological and behavioral functions in response to altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa)-axis activity and an individual's development. in this context, an individual's social environment, including social interactions and social hierarchies, is closely related to hormone concentrations and possibly interacts with dietary fatty acid effects. we investigated if dietary supple ... | 2020 | 32504693 |
| brain-derived nerve growth factor in the cochlea - a reproducibility study. | brain-derived nerve growth factor (bdnf) plays an important role in cochlear development so it is plausible that it could restore hearing loss if delivered directly into the cochlea. we wished to confirm our previous report that a single intracochlear injection of brain-derived nerve growth factor (bdnf) was beneficial for hearing in guinea pigs. we wished to assess the reproducibility of our results and assess possible improved methods with a view to developing a clinical treatment for sensorin ... | 2020 | 32503640 |
| back to the future: re-establishing guinea pig in vivo asthma models. | research using animal models of asthma is currently dominated by mouse models. this has been driven by the comprehensive knowledge on inflammatory and immune reactions in mice, as well as tools to produce genetically modified mice. many of the identified therapeutic targets influencing airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation in mouse models, have however been disappointing when tested clinically in asthma. it is therefore a great need for new animal models that more closely resemble human a ... | 2020 | 32501497 |
| animal models of mycobacteria infection. | this manuscript describes the infection of mice and guinea pigs with mycobacteria via various routes, as well as necropsy methods for the determination of mycobacterial loads within target organs. additionally, methods for cultivating mycobacteria and preparing stocks are described. the protocols outlined are primarily used for m. tuberculosis, but can also be used for the study of other non-tuberculosis mycobacterial species. a wide variety of animal models have been used to test new vaccines, ... | 2020 | 32497414 |
| topiramate decelerates bicarbonate-driven acid-elimination of human neocortical neurons: strategic significance for its antiepileptic, antimigraine and neuroprotective properties. | mammalian central neurons regulate their intracellular ph (phi) strongly and even slight phi-fluctuations can influence inter-/intracellular signaling, synaptic plasticity and excitability. | 2020 | 32496992 |
| a dual-function all-inorganic intercluster salt comprising the polycation ε-[al13o4(oh)24(h2o)12]7+ and polyanion α-[pmo10v2o40]5- for detoxifying sulfur mustard and soman. | ε-[al13o4(oh)24(h2o)12]7+, which shares similarity with the phosphotriesterase active site znii-oh-znii, was specially chosen to interact with the cluster α-pmo10v2o405- to form a new three-dimensional intercluster, which crystallized in the monoclinic space group p21/m with z = 2, for the decontamination of chemical warfare agents. the experimental results showed that 50 mg of the compound decontaminated 96.4% (within 120 min) and 99.5% (within 40 min) of sulfur mustard (hd) (4 μl) and soman (g ... | 2020 | 32495804 |
| dna methylation and mrna expression of igf-1 and mmp-2 after form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs. | the molecular mechanism of form-deprivation myopia is unclear. this study was aimed to investigate the roles of scleral dna methylation and mrna expression of igf-1 and mmp-2 in a guinea pig model of form-deprivation myopia. | 2020 | 32495406 |
| dog keeping at home before and during pregnancy decreased the risk of food allergy in 1-year-old children. | the relationship between allergen exposure to animals in pregnancy and the development of allergic symptoms is not clear. | 2020 | 32489363 |
| drug delivery device for the inner ear: ultra-sharp fully metallic microneedles. | drug delivery into the inner ear is a significant challenge due to its inaccessibility as a fluid-filled cavity within the temporal bone of the skull. the round window membrane (rwm) is the only delivery portal from the middle ear to the inner ear that does not require perforation of bone. recent advances in microneedle fabrication enable the rwm to be perforated safely with polymeric microneedles as a means to enhance the rate of drug delivery from the middle ear to the inner ear. however, the ... | 2020 | 32488817 |
| first-in-human dose: current status review for better future perspectives. | the aim of this article is to understand the pros and cons of various methods involved in first-in-human (fih) dose calculation and act decisively in dose escalations when calculating the maximum tolerated dose. | 2020 | 32488334 |
| differential effects of class i antiarrhythmic drugs on the guinea pig pulmonary vein myocardium: inhibition of automatic activity correlates with blockade of a diastolic sodium current component. | the effects of class i antiarrhythmic drugs on the automaticity of isolated guinea pig pulmonary vein myocardia were investigated using microelectrode and voltage clamp methods. all of the drugs examined reduced the maximum rate of rise of automatic action potentials. the firing frequency and rate of diastolic depolarization were decreased by aprindine, flecainide and propafenone, but not by cibenzoline, disopyramide and pilsicainide, which correlated with blockade of the sodium current componen ... | 2020 | 32487451 |
| hypersensitivity of airway reflexes induced by hydrogen sulfide: role of trpa1 receptors. | the activation of capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal (cslv) afferents can elicit airway reflexes. hypersensitivity of these afferents is known to contribute to the airway hypersensitivity during airway inflammation. hydrogen sulfide (h2s) has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent for airway hypersensitivity diseases, such as asthma, because of its relaxing effect on airway smooth muscle and anti-inflammatory effect. however, it is still unknown whether h2s affects airway reflexes. our prev ... | 2020 | 32486252 |
| anti-anaphylactic activity of isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-o-β-d-glucose) in the cardiovascular system of animals. | effects of isoquercitrin (iq) on anaphylactic responses were examined in cardiovascular systems of experimental animals. in pithed rats, iq at 30 and 100 mg/kg (intravenous) significantly blunted both the initial hypertensive and the ensuing hypotensive responses during anaphylaxis. death rate and tachycardia were also significantly inhibited after the same iq doses in these rats. in isolated guinea pig hearts, iq infusion at 30-100 μg/ml markedly reduced anaphylaxis-related coronary flow decrea ... | 2020 | 32486018 |
| the effect of optic nerve section on form deprivation myopia in the guinea pig. | myopia is induced when a growing eye wears a diffuser that deprives it of detailed spatial vision (form deprivation, fd). in chickens with optic nerve section (ons), fd myopia still occurs, suggesting that the signals underlying myopia reside within the eye. as avian eyes differ from mammals, we asked whether local mechanisms also underlie fd myopia in a mammalian model. young guinea pigs underwent either sham surgery followed by fd (sham + fd, n = 7); or ons followed by fd (ons + fd, n = 7); or ... | 2020 | 32484917 |
| fatal arrhythmias: another reason why doctors remain cautious about chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine for treating covid-19. | early during the current coronavirus disease 19 (covid-19) pandemic, hydroxychloroquine (hcq) received a significant amount of attention as a potential antiviral treatment, such that it became one of the most commonly prescribed medications for covid-19 patients. however, not only has the effectiveness of hcq remained questionable, but mainly based on preclinical and a few small clinical studies, hcq is known to be potentially arrhythmogenic, especially as a result of qt prolongation. | 2020 | 32479900 |
| immune response after cochlear implantation. | a cochlear implant (ci) is an electronic device that enables hearing recovery in patients with severe to profound hearing loss. although cis are a successful treatment for profound hearing impairment, their effectivity may be improved by reducing damages associated with insertion of electrodes in the cochlea, thus preserving residual hearing ability. inner ear trauma leads to inflammatory reactions altering cochlear homeostasis and reducing post-operative audiological performances and electroaco ... | 2020 | 32477241 |
| mechanisms of action of the kca2-negative modulator ap30663, a novel compound in development for treatment of atrial fibrillation in man. | small conductance ca2+-activated k+ channels (sk channels, kca2) are a new target for treatment of atrial fibrillation (af). ap30663 is a small molecule inhibitor of kca2 channels that is currently in clinical development for treatment of af. the aim of this study is to present the electrophysiological profile and mechanism of action of ap30663 and its efficacy in prolonging atrial refractoriness in rodents, and by bioinformatic analysis investigate if genetic variants in kcnn2 or kcnn3 influenc ... | 2020 | 32477117 |
| pre-exposure to lower-level noise mitigates cochlear synaptic loss induced by high-level noise. | the auditory sensory organs appear to be less damaged by exposure to high-level noise that is presented after exposure to non-traumatizing low-level noise. this phenomenon is known as the toughening or conditioning effect. functionally, it is manifested by a reduced threshold shift, and morphologically by a reduced hair cell loss. however, it remains unclear whether prior exposure to toughening noise can mitigate the synaptic loss induced by exposure to damaging noise. since the cochlear afferen ... | 2020 | 32477075 |
| a multi-center assessment to compare residual allergenicity of partial hydrolyzed whey proteins in a murine model for cow's milk allergy - comparison to the single parameter guinea pig model. | this 4-center study is part of a project to validate a food allergy murine model for safety testing of hydrolyzed infant formulas. | 2020 | 32473296 |
| the study of targeted blocking sdf-1/cxcr4 signaling pathway with three antagonists on mmps, type ii collagen, and aggrecan levels in articular cartilage of guinea pigs. | to explore the possibility and mechanism of targeted blocking sdf-1/cxcr4 signaling pathway using three antagonists tn14003, t140, and amd3100 in vivo, and to investigate the function of three antagonists in delay degeneration process of articular cartilage. | 2020 | 32471458 |
| a multi-filovirus vaccine candidate: co-expression of ebola, sudan, and marburg antigens in a single vector. | in the infectious diseases field, protective immunity against individual virus species or strains does not always confer cross-reactive immunity to closely related viruses, leaving individuals susceptible to disease after exposure to related virus species. this is a significant hurdle in the field of vaccine development, in which broadly protective vaccines represent an unmet need. this is particularly evident for filoviruses, as there are multiple family members that can cause lethal haemorrhag ... | 2020 | 32455764 |
| dexamethasone delivery for hearing preservation in animal cochlear implant model: continuity, long-term release, and fast release rate. | background: clinically, steroids have been used for hearing preservation both topically and systemically during cochlear implantation.objective: this study compared steroid efficacy for hearing preservation among different types of delivery modes using an animal experiment.materials and methods: for 76 guinea pigs, topical and systemic delivery methods, four pump types with different infusion rates, delivery durations, and total steroid amounts were used. threshold changes of 8, 16, and 32 khz a ... | 2020 | 32449405 |
| enhancement of guinea pig cytomegalovirus infection by two endogenously expressed components of the pentameric glycoprotein complex in epithelial cells. | a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying cell tropisms and the efficiency of viral infection is critical for the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs for viral diseases. in this study, we worked on the entry mechanisms of guinea pig cytomegalovirus and found that endogenous expression of a combination of two components (gp131 and gp133) of the pentameric glycoprotein complex, which is required for non-fibroblast cell tropisms, enhanced viral infection more than 10-fold. in addi ... | 2020 | 32444790 |
| structural characteristics and biological effects of exopolysaccharide produced by cyanobacterium nostoc sp. | complex structure of cyanobacterium nostoc sp. exopolysaccharide (eps), with apparent molecular weight 214 × 103 g/mol, can be deduced from its composition. chemical and nmr analyses found four dominant sugar monomers, namely (1 → 4)-linked α-l-arabinopyranose, β-d-glucopyranose, β-d-xylopyranose and (1 → 3)-linked β-d-mannopyranose, two different uronic acids and a lactyl group, with (1 → 4,6)-linked β-d-glucopyranose as the only branch point suggest a complex structure of this polymer. the dom ... | 2020 | 32442574 |
| effects of amiodarone on rodent ventricular cardiomyocytes: novel perspectives from a cellular model of long qt syndrome type 3. | amiodarone (amio) is currently used in medical practice to reverse ventricular tachycardia. here we determine the effects of amio in the electromechanical properties of isolated left ventricle myocyte (lvm) from mice and guinea pig and in a cellular model of long qt syndrome type 3 (lqts-3) using anemone neurotoxin 2 (atx ii), which induces increase of late sodium current in lvm. | 2020 | 32439300 |
| withdrawn: the novel trpa1 antagonist bi01305834 inhibits ovalbumin-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. | the above article from the british journal of pharmacology, published online on may 20, 2020 in wiley online library (http://wileyonlinelibrary.com) has been withdrawn due to a lack of full disclosure of the chemical structure of the novel trpa1 antagonist bi01305834, by agreement between the editor-in-chief and john wiley & sons inc on behalf of the british pharmacology society. | 2020 | 32436213 |
| immunogenicity of a dna vaccine candidate for covid-19. | the coronavirus family member, sars-cov-2 has been identified as the causal agent for the pandemic viral pneumonia disease, covid-19. at this time, no vaccine is available to control further dissemination of the disease. we have previously engineered a synthetic dna vaccine targeting the mers coronavirus spike (s) protein, the major surface antigen of coronaviruses, which is currently in clinical study. here we build on this prior experience to generate a synthetic dna-based vaccine candidate ta ... | 2020 | 32433465 |
| bradykinin exerts independent effects on trophoblast invasion and blood pressure in pregnant guinea pigs. | the pleiotropic kininogen-kallikrein-kinin system is upregulated in pregnancy and localizes in the uteroplacental unit. to identify the systemic and local participation of the bradykinin type 2 receptor (b2r), this was antagonized by bradyzide (bdz) during 2 periods: from days 20 to 34 and from days 20 to 60 in pregnant guinea pigs. | 2020 | 32430711 |
| electrical restitution and its modifications by antiarrhythmic drugs in undiseased human ventricular muscle. | re-entry is a basic mechanism of ventricular fibrillation, which can be elicited by extrasystolic activity, but the timing of an extrasystole can be critical. the action potential duration (apd) of an extrasystole depends on the proximity of the preceding beat, and the relation between its timing and its apd is called electrical restitution. the aim of the present work was to study and compare the effect of several antiarrhythmic drugs on restitution in preparations from undiseased human ventric ... | 2020 | 32425771 |
| l-aspartate, l-ornithine and l-ornithine-l-aspartate (lola) and their impact on brain energy metabolism. | l-ornithine-l-aspartate (lola), a crystalline salt, is used primarily in the management of hepatic encephalopathy. the degree to which it might penetrate the brain, and the effects it might have on metabolism in brain are poorly understood. here, to investigate the effects of lola on brain energy metabolism we incubated brain cortical tissue slices from guinea pig (cavea porcellus) with the constituent amino acids of lola, l-ornithine or l-aspartate, as well as lola, in the presence of [1-13c]d- ... | 2020 | 32424601 |
| repellency and larvicidal activities of azadirachta indica seed oil on anopheles gambiae in nigeria. | despite the recent decline in the global prevalence of malaria, the disease continues to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women and under-five children in nigeria. the adoption of an integrated approach to malaria control including the use of bio-insecticide will further reduce the burden of malaria. this study determined the repellency and bio-insecticidal effects of azadirachta indica oil on anopheles gambiae in ibadan, nigeria. the study was experimental in ... | 2020 | 32420486 |
| disrupted potassium ion homeostasis in ciliary muscle in negative lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs. | myopia is a main cause of preventable or treatable visual impairment, it has become a major public health issue due to its increasingly high prevalence worldwide. currently, it is confirmed that the development of myopia is associated with the disorders of accommodation. as a dominant factor for accommodation, ciliary muscle contraction/relaxation can regulate the physiological state of the lens and play a crucial role in the development of myopia. to investigate the relationship between myopia ... | 2020 | 32418893 |
| toxicological evaluation of an unextracted aurantiochytrium limacinum biomass, a novel docosahexaenoic acid rich feed ingredient. | the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the toxicological potential of a heterotrophically grown unextracted aurantiochytrium limacinum biomass (aura) when used as a food additive. the following toxicological assessments were conducted on this novel docosahexaenoic acid rich feed ingredient: mutagenic activity was tested by means of the ames' test using five salmonella typhimurium strains; clastogenic activity was investigated using the micronucleus test in male and female sprague dawley rats; ... | 2020 | 32413458 |
| antibiotic treatment shapes the antigenic environment during chronic tb infection, offering novel targets for therapeutic vaccination. | the lengthy and complicated current regimen required to treat drug-susceptible tuberculosis (tb) reflects the ability of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) to persist in host tissues. the stringent response pathway, governed by the dual (p)ppgpp synthetase/hydrolase, rel mtb , is a major mechanism underlying mtb persistence and antibiotic tolerance. in the current study, we addressed the hypothesis that rel mtb is a "persistence antigen" presented during tb chemotherapy and that enhanced immunity ... | 2020 | 32411131 |
| elicitation of cluster a and co-receptor binding site antibodies are required to eliminate hiv-1 infected cells. | hiv-1-infected individuals raise a polyclonal antibody response targeting multiple envelope glycoprotein (env) epitopes. interestingly, two classes of non-neutralizing cd4-induced (cd4i) antibodies, present in the majority of hiv-1-infected individuals have been described to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) in the presence of small cd4 mimetic compounds (cd4mc). these antibodies recognize the coreceptor binding site (corbs) and the constant region one and two (c1c2 or inne ... | 2020 | 32403312 |
| physical and physiological indicators of welfare in guinea pigs (cavia porcellus) serving as ambassador animals. | special encounters that allow contact between animals and guests are common in zoos and aquariums. visitors to the saint louis zoo may touch guinea pigs serving as ambassador animals. we evaluated two welfare indicators in ambassador guinea pigs by comparing glucocorticoid levels and body weights between periods when guinea pigs lived in a habitat accessible to the public and while off exhibit. mean glucocorticoid levels did not differ between sexes or between on- and off-exhibit periods. there ... | 2020 | 32397191 |
| methamphetamine administration increases hepatic cyp1a2 but not cyp3a activity in female guinea pigs. | methamphetamine use has increased over the past decade and the first use of methamphetamine is most often when women are of reproductive age. methamphetamine accumulates in the liver; however, little is known about the effect of methamphetamine use on hepatic drug metabolism. methamphetamine was administered on 3 occassions to female dunkin hartley guinea pigs of reproductive age, mimicking recreational drug use. low doses of test drugs caffeine and midazolam were administered after the third do ... | 2020 | 32396581 |
| intravitreal safety profiles of sol-gel mesoporous silica microparticles and the degradation product (si(oh)4). | mesoporous silica has attracted significant attention in the drug delivery area; however, impurities can be a source of toxicity. the current study used commercial microparticles produced at large scale in a well-controlled environment. micrometer sized mesoporous silica particles were acquired through a commercial vendor and pore structures were characterized by sem. the three silica particle formulations had a diameter of 15 micrometers and three different pore sizes of 10 nm, 30 nm, and 100 n ... | 2020 | 32393079 |
| cochlear transfection gene guinea pigs mediates atoh1-egfp based hyaluronic acid modified polyethyleneimine nanoparticles. | to modify polyethyleneimine (pei) nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid (ha) to prepare a novel nonviral vector and use it to coat atoh1-egfp plasmid to detect its translocation in living guinea pig cochlea dyeing efficiency. atoh1-egfp plasmid was extracted and characterized using a zetasizer particle size analyzer. ha/pei/dna complexion was characterized and introduced into the round window membrane. egfp green fluorescence carried in the atoh1 plasmid was observed by confocal microscopy. the tr ... | 2020 | 32384960 |
| visceral larval migrans of toxocara canis and toxocara cati in non-canid and non-felid hosts. | toxocara canis and toxocara cati are considered the most ubiquitous gastrointestinal helminths in domesticated canids and felids. ascarid eggs passed in the faeces of canids and felids in a suitable environment may remain infective for years and are capable of infecting not only canids and felids, but a large range of other vertebrate paratenic hosts, including man. infection with toxocara species also occurs following the ingestion of paratenic hosts containing infective larvae. as infective la ... | 2020 | 32381221 |
| development and evaluation of azelaic acid-loaded microemulsion for transfollicular drug delivery through guinea pig skin: a mechanistic study. | purpose: azelaic acid is a natural keratolytic, comedolytic, and antibacterial drug that is used to treat acne. the topical application of azelaic acid is associated with problems such as irritation and low permeability. for dissolving, the problem is that microemulsion (me) is used as a drug carrier. the aim of this study was to increase the azelaic acid affinity in the follicular pathway through me. methods: azelaic acid-loaded mes were prepared by the water titration method. the properties of ... | 2020 | 32373492 |
| topical application of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in combination with sponge spicules for treatment of photoaging. | the topical application of exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (msc-exos) on the skin is a very new and interesting topic in the medical field. in this study, we aimed to investigate whether marine sponge haliclona sp. spicules (shss) could effectively enhance the skin delivery of human umbilical cord-derived msc-exos (hucmsc-exos), and further evaluate the topical application of hucmsc-exos combined with shss in rejuvenating photoaged mouse skin. | 2020 | 32368058 |
| silk-coated dexamethasone non-spherical microcrystals for local drug delivery to inner ear. | the local drug delivery systems play an important role in treating sudden sensorineural hearing loss. in this work, we synthesized dexamethasone microcrystals (dex mcs) using precipitation technique followed by silk coating via layer-by-layer assembly. compared to raw dex, the physicochemical properties including shape, crystal form, dispersity, dissolution or sustained release, of dex mcs or poly-l-lysine/silk fibroin (pll/sf) multilayers-coated dex mcs (dex-(pll/sf)3) were investigated. more i ... | 2020 | 32360767 |
| semen parameters of fertile guinea pigs (cavia porcellus) collected by transrectal electroejaculation. | the guinea pig, as a livestock species, is still developing and growing throughout peru and neighboring countries, as reflected by its increasing export since 2000. however, the selection of proven fertile males is tedious due to the absence of seminal parameter standards and the lack of safe semen collection techniques. thus, pregnancy detection or live births are required for males' selection. the purpose of this study was to describe the qualitative and quantitative semen parameters of fertil ... | 2020 | 32354009 |
| accelerating effects of blebbistatin on relaxation process of cell membrane permeabilized trachea and taenia cecum from guinea pig. | blebbistatin, a potent inhibitor of myosin ii, is known to suppress smooth muscle contraction without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation level. in order to clarify the regulatory mechanisms of blebbistatin on phasic and tonic smooth muscles in detail, we examined the effects of blebbistatin on relaxation process by ca2+ removal after ca2+-induced contraction of β-escin skinned (cell membrane permeabilized) trachea and taenia cecum preparations from guinea pigs. blebbistatin significant ... | 2020 | 32350168 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 trivalent protein vaccine containing glycoproteins c, d and e protects guinea pigs against hsv-1 genital infection. | a vaccine to prevent genital herpes is an unmet public health need. we previously reported that a trivalent vaccine containing herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) glycoproteins c, d, and e (gc2, gd2, ge2) produced in baculovirus and administered with cpg/alum as adjuvants blocks immune evasion mediated by gc2 and ge2 and virus entry by gd2. the vaccine protected guinea pigs against hsv-2 vaginal infection. we evaluated whether the hsv-2 vaccine cross-protects against hsv-1 because many first-tim ... | 2020 | 32347775 |
| crystalline lens gradient refractive index distribution in the guinea pig. | the crystalline lens undergoes morphological and functional changes with age and may also play a role in eye emmetropisation. both the geometry and the gradient index of refraction (grin) distribution contribute to the lens optical properties. we studied the lens grin in the guinea pig, a common animal model to study myopia. | 2020 | 32338776 |
| the ability of the invasive asian longhorned tick haemaphysalis longicornis (acari: ixodidae) to acquire and transmit rickettsia rickettsii (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae), the agent of rocky mountain spotted fever, under laboratory conditions. | the invasive asian longhorned tick, haemaphysalis longicornis neumann, was first detected in the united states in 2017. it has since been found in 12 states, and there is concern that the tick's parthenogenetic ability and wide variety of host species may allow for broader dissemination. of the tick-borne diseases endemic to the united states, rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf), a rapidly progressive and potentially fatal disease caused by rickettsia rickettsii, is the most severe. there is con ... | 2020 | 32338290 |
| flavonoids from varronia dardani (taroda) j.s. mill (cordiaceae) and the evaluation of spasmolytic activity of its crude ethanolic extract. | pharmacological studies show spasmolytic activity for various species of varronia. thus, based on the taxonomy criteria, the aim of this study was to contribute to chemical and biological knowledge, especially regarding the evaluation of spasmolytic activity of the ethanolic extract from varronia dardani leaves (vd-etohl) on rat aorta and trachea, guinea-pig ileum and rat uterus. were used high and medium performance liquid chromatography. wistar rats and guinea-pigs were used for pharmacologica ... | 2020 | 32338066 |
| in vivo assembly of nanoparticles achieved through synergy of structure-based protein engineering and synthetic dna generates enhanced adaptive immunity. | nanotechnologies are considered to be of growing importance to the vaccine field. through decoration of immunogens on multivalent nanoparticles, designed nanovaccines can elicit improved humoral immunity. however, significant practical and monetary challenges in large-scale production of nanovaccines have impeded their widespread clinical translation. here, an alternative approach is illustrated integrating computational protein modeling and adaptive electroporation-mediated synthetic dna delive ... | 2020 | 32328416 |
| validation of quantitative measure of repolarization reserve as a novel marker of drug induced proarrhythmia. | repolarization reserve, the robustness of a cell to repolarize even when one of the repolarization mechanisms is failing, has been described qualitatively in terms of ionic currents, but has not been quantified by a generic metric that is applicable to drug screening. prolonged repolarization leading to repolarization failure is highly arrhythmogenic. it may lead to ventricular tachycardia caused by triggered activity from early afterdepolarizations (eads), or it may promote the occurrence of un ... | 2020 | 32325153 |
| evaluation of a model of long-term middle ear catheterization for repeat infusion administration and cochlear hair cell injury in guinea pigs. | middle ear administration has numerous applications, including antibiotherapy and gene therapy, and is increasingly used to target the auditory and vestibular systems. in animal studies, investigating repeated exposure that mimics clinical dosing regimens has remained a challenge due to the lack of suitable models. intratympanic injections are not suitable for long-term studies due to the increased risk related to tympanic membrane rupture or scarring and repeat anesthesia events. surgical model ... | 2020 | 32323618 |
| three-dimensional culture of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells effectively promotes platelet recovery in immune thrombocytopenia. | mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) can effectively regulate immune cell functions and therefore are promising for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, such as immune thrombocytopenia (itp). recent research has shown that three-dimensional (3d) culture method have many advantages over conventional culture with respect to msc secretion and immunogenicity. in this study, 2d and 3d cultured mscs were used to evaluate cytokine secretion, extracellular matrix (ecm) gene expression, immune regulatory acti ... | 2020 | 32321879 |
| characterisation of the static offset in the travelling wave in the cochlear basal turn. | in mammals, audition is triggered by travelling waves that are evoked by acoustic stimuli in the cochlear partition, a structure containing sensory hair cells and a basilar membrane. when the cochlea is stimulated by a pure tone of low frequency, a static offset occurs in the vibration in the apical turn. in the high-frequency region at the cochlear base, multi-tone stimuli induce a quadratic distortion product in the vibrations that suggests the presence of an offset. however, vibrations below ... | 2020 | 32318797 |
| in sillico analysis, synthesis, and biological evaluation of triazole derivatives as a h1 receptor antagonist. | histamine, a biological amine, is considered as a principal mediator of many pathological processes regulating several essential events in allergies and autoimmune diseases. numerous derivatives have been developed that strive with histamine at h1 receptor and prevent binding of histamine at h1 receptor thus prevent allergic reactions. molecules containing triazole ring fused with six-membered ring systems are found to possess broad applications in the field of medicine and industry. the present ... | 2020 | 32316895 |
| long-term treatment with naproxen changes the chemical coding of the porcine intramural duodenum neurons. | due to numerous therapeutic applications and high availability, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are the most widely used drugs worldwide. however, long-term use of these drugs can lead to damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa. the enteric nervous system (ens), which is part of the autonomic nervous system, controls most aspects of gastrointestinal activity. enteric neurons are characterized by considerable chemical plasticity and the appearance of a pathological factor results in ... | 2020 | 31610253 |
| dermatophytosis with concurrent trichophyton verrucosum and t. benhamiae in calves after long-term transport. | dermatophytosis is a common problem in cattle. the aetiological factors associated with this disease are filamentous fungi with the ability to digest and grow on keratinized substrates. in cattle, and less frequently in other domestic animals and people, the dermatophyte trichophyton verrucosum is most commonly isolated from skin lesions. the dermatophyte trichophyton benhamiae is an important zoonotic pathogen, and the main sources of transmission are guinea pigs and other small rodents. | 2020 | 32845554 |
| biological properties of yeast-based mannoprotein for prospective biomedical applications. | natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications. | 2020 | 32819224 |
| evaluation of glycoprotein e subunit and live attenuated varicella-zoster virus vaccines formulated with a single-strand rna-based adjuvant. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv), a human alphaherpesvirus 3, elicits both chickenpox and shingles and/or postherpetic neuralgia. a live attenuated vaccine (lav) and glycoprotein e (ge) subunit vaccine were developed to prevent vzv-induced diseases. we recently reported that single-strand rna (ssrna) based on the intergenic region of the internal ribosome entry site of cricket paralysis virus (crpv) is an effective adjuvant for protein-based and virus-like particle-based vaccines. here, chinese hams ... | 2020 | 32167678 |
| 3-quinuclidinyl-α-methoxydiphenylacetate: a multi-targeted ligand with antimuscarinic and antinicotinic effects designed for the treatment of anticholinesterase poisoning. | racemic 3-quinuclidinyl-α-methoxydiphenylacetate (mb266) was synthesised. its activity at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (machrs), and muscle and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs), was compared to that of atropine and racemic 3-quinucidinyl benzilate (qnb) using a functional assay based on agonist-induced elevation of intracellular calcium ion concentration in cn21, chinese hamster ovary (cho) and shsy5y human cell lines. mb266 acted as an antagonist at acetylcholine recept ... | 2020 | 32017982 |
| updates on thyroid disease in rabbits and guinea pigs. | hyperthyroidism seems to be a rare, but likely underdiagnosed disease of guinea pigs (cavia porcellus) and rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus). diagnosis is confounded by nonspecific clinical signs, lack of validated assays, and species-specific reference intervals. with increasing english-language publications on the topic, naturally occurring thyroid disease is likely to be increasingly diagnosed in exotic small mammals. the most consistently observed clinical signs include weight loss with or wit ... | 2020 | 32327042 |
| use of golden syrian hamster as an animal model to study leptospirosis-associated immune responses. | experimental infections greatly contribute to further deepen our knowledge of infectious diseases. in the case of leptospirosis, hamsters as well as gerbils and guinea pigs have been used as animal models of acute leptospirosis in studying the pathophysiology of the disease. here we describe a typical leptospira infection using golden syrian hamsters. we will also present techniques we use to study the resulting bacterial burden and gene expression patterns in the host in order to decipher the i ... | 2020 | 32632875 |
| variation in the density of oxytocin receptors in the brain as mechanism of adaptation to specific social and reproductive strategies. | most species have predominant forms of social and reproductive behavior driven by many years of selection pressures and evolution. for example, rodent species can live in small or large groups, behave more tolerant or aggressively toward conspecifics (including newborns), and form or not bonds with other members of the group (including sexual partners). any of those behavioral adaptations could result in good fitness for the species, but could also require compromises such as sharing resources, ... | 2020 | 31734142 |
| tectorigenin inhibits inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in allergic asthma model of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tectorigenin on treating allergic asthma model of guinea pigs and investigate the underlying mechanisms. | 2020 | 32314371 |
| genomic and phylogenetic analysis of two guinea pig adenovirus strains recovered from archival lung tissue. | next generation sequencing was used to determine the whole genome sequence for two different strains of guinea pig adenovirus (gpadv) detected in association with outbreaks of pneumonia in australia in 1996, and in germany in 1997 using total dna extracted from infected archival frozen lung tissue as a template. the length of the determined genomic sequences was 37,031 bp and 37,070 bp, respectively. the nucleotide composition showed a relatively high content of guanine + cytosine (g + c) of 62 ... | 2020 | 32311385 |