Publications

short photoperiods reduce vascular endothelial growth factor in the testes of peromyscus leucopus.	testicular regression in rodents occurs after short-day exposure. vascular support is withdrawn during regression, and, presumably, new angiogenesis is inhibited. blood vessel growth and maintenance are regulated by paracrine factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf). reduced angiogenesis may contribute to the onset of photoperiod-induced regression; i.e., reduction of vegf protein would be detected early during gonadal atrophy. alternatively, loss of blood vessel maintenance ...	2000	10956275
tau differences between short-day responsive and short-day nonresponsive white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) do not affect reproductive photoresponsiveness.	in laboratory-bred rodent populations, intraspecific variation in circadian system organization is a known cause of individual variation in reproductive photoresponsiveness. the authors sought to determine whether circadian system variation accounted for individual variation in reproductive photoresponsiveness in a single, highly genetically variable population of peromyscus leucopus recently derived from the wild. running-wheel activity patterns of male and female mice, aged 70 to 90 days, from ...	2000	11106067
hematology values from clinically healthy peromyscus leucopus.	reported herein are hematocrit and total and differential wbcs obtained from 132 clinically healthy male and female white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) of four different age groups: 4, 5-8, 9-20, and >32 wk old. minimal differences were identified between the age groups. the number and percentage of neutrophils in the 4-wk-old mice were significantly higher than those in the other groups; the relative percentage of lymphocytes in the 4-wk-old mice was significantly lower than in the 9-20-wk- ...	1999	10749452
feasibility of micronucleus methods for monitoring genetic damage in two feral species of small mammals.	peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) and cryptotis parva (least shrew) possess desirable attributes for biomonitoring contamination of terrestrial ecosystems, but few studies have examined the potential use of these species for monitoring exposure to genotoxic contaminants. the susceptibility of laboratory-reared c. parva, p. leucopus, and mus musculus (house mouse, strain cd-1) to micronucleus (mn) induction by known clastogens was evaluated. animals were exposed for 24 hr to methyl methane ...	1999	10334624
abundance of ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) larvae and nymphs in relation to host density and habitat on long point, ontario.	ixodes scapularis say populations were evaluated within 4 habitats on long point, ontario, from 1990 to 1992 to ascertain whether differences in density of mouse populations within and among habitats were correlated with that of immature i. scapularis populations. i. scapularis immatures were rarely collected by dragging within the cottonwood dune habitat. significantly more larvae (p < or = 0.05) were collected by drag sampling within the maple forest habitat than in the oak savannah or white p ...	1999	10337092
short photoperiods evoke testicular apoptosis in white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus).	many small, nontropical mammals stop breeding during winter. chronic exposure of males to short days (<12.5 h light/day) causes the testes to atrophy and both steroidogenesis and gametogenesis to decrease. male white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) exposed to inhibitory short day lengths provide a natural animal model to study the cellular mechanisms regulating testicular regression. in the present study, the possible role of apoptosis was assessed during naturally occurring, short day-induced ...	1999	10385406
nitroaromatic munition compounds: environmental effects and screening values.	available data on the occurrence, transport, transformation, and toxicity of eight nitroaromatic munition compounds and their degradation products, tnt, tnb, dnb, dna, 2-adnt, rdx, hmx, and tetryl were used to identify potential fate in the environment and to calculate screening benchmarks or safe environmental levels for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. results of monitoring studies revealed that some of these compounds persist at sites where they were produced or processed. most of the compo ...	1999	10218448
immunological, hematological, and biochemical responses in immature white-footed mice following maternal aroclor 1254 exposure: a possible bioindicator.	a number of hematological, immunological, and biochemical parameters were measured in peromyscus leucopus pups born from dams exposed to a single dose (300 mg/kg body weight) of aroclor 1254. to increase the chances of uncovering even modest consequences of the exposure, in one protocol the pups were weaned at 3 weeks and examined at 6 weeks of age, while in a second protocol the pups were kept with their mother for 4 weeks, at which time they were examined. the older pups showed significant dec ...	1999	10227867
development and distribution of pathologic lesions are related to immune status and tissue deposition of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent-infected cells in a murine model system.	to evaluate pathology and the role of immune status in a murine model system of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge), c3h/hej, c3h-scid, and peromyscus leucopus mice were infected with an hge agent. all mice remained healthy. ehrlichemia was not detected after day 14 in p. leucopus and c3h/hej mice but increased between days 14 and 90 in c3h-scid mice. in tissues examined at day 21 and later, infection was rarely detected in immunocompetent mice but was present in all c3h-scid mice and included ...	1999	10395880
genetic detection of sex-biased dispersal.	we investigated the application of a recently developed genetic test for sex bias in dispersal. this test determines an animal's 'assignment index' or the expected frequency of its genotype in the population in which it is captured. low assignment indices indicate a low probability of being born locally. we investigated the use of this test with the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus, in which dispersal is predominantly male-biased, but not extreme. we found that male p. leucopus had signif ...	1999	10434424
allelic diversity at the mhc-dqa locus in cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) and a comparison of dqa sequences within the family muridae (mammalia: rodentia).	the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) is a common murid rodent of the southern united states, mexico, and central america. using single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis and dna sequencing techniques, 11 dqa exon 2 alleles were detected among 180 s. hispidus from caddo county, oklahoma, usa. the alleles represent a single locus exhibiting a high level of polymorphism. nucleotide and amino acid distance values among dqa alleles of s. hispidus were higher than those within mus musculus and ...	1999	10436183
illumination and the perception of remote habitat patches by white-footed mice.	perceptual range, or the distance at which habitat 'patches' can be perceived, constrains an animal's informational window on a given landscape. if such constraints are great, they may limit successful dispersal between distant habitat patches. on dark nights, nocturnal white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus, have surprisingly limited perceptual abilities regarding distant forested habitat. in fact, their ability to orient towards such habitat while travelling in a bare agricultural field indica ...	1999	10479364
antibodies to granulocytic ehrlichiae in white-footed and cotton mice in eastern united states.	serum samples, collected from peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) or peromyscus gossypinus (cotton mouse) during 1987 through 1990 in florida, georgia, maryland, mississippi, and north carolina (usa), and in 1997 in southern connecticut were analyzed by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) staining methods or western blot procedures for antibodies to granulocytic ehrlichiae. of the 82 sera from white-footed mice in connecticut tested by ifa methods with either the bds or nch-1 strain of the ...	1999	10231752
longitudinal study of infection with borrelia burgdorferi in a population of peromyscus leucopus at a lyme disease-enzootic site in maryland.	the maintenance of borrelia burgdorferi in a population of peromyscus leucopus was investigated from 202 mark and recapture mice and 61 mice that were removed from a site in baltimore county, maryland. borrelia burgdorferi infection was detected by culture and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of ear tissue, and exposure to the spirochete was quantified by serology. overall prevalence of b. burgdorferi, as determined by culture and pcr of ear tissue at first capture, was 25% in the longitudinal sa ...	1999	10348235
species differences in paternal behavior and aggression in peromyscus and their associations with vasopressin immunoreactivity and receptors.	previous comparative studies have suggested that the distribution of arginine vasopressin (avp) pathways within the brain is associated with species-typical patterns of social behavior. in the current study, male parental behavior and aggression were compared in two species of peromyscus. as predicted based on other studies, male mice from a monogamous species, the california mouse peromyscus californicus, spent more time providing parental care to offspring than males from a polygamous species, ...	1999	10433884
infection with agents of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, lyme disease, and babesiosis in wild white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) in connecticut.	white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus, were captured in southern connecticut during 1997 and 1998 to determine the prevalence of infections caused by granulocytic ehrlichia sp., borrelia burgdorferi, and babesia microti. of the 50 mice captured and recaptured, 25 of 47 (53.2%) and 23 of 48 (47.9%) contained antibodies to the bds or nch-1 ehrlichia strains, respectively, as determined by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) staining methods. the majority (83.3%) of 48 mice also contained antibodi ...	1999	10449470
a mathematical model of the ecology of lyme disease.	a mathematical model of enzootic lyme-disease transmission in a natural focus is presented. this model is based on the life history of the vector tick ixodes scapularis say and the primary reservoir host peromyscus leucopus. using this model, the threshold condition for the disease to be able to invade a nonenzootic region is determined as a function of the various possible transmission chains operating throughout the year. these expressions show that the transmission chain in which ticks acquir ...	1999	10520492
population dynamics of a naturally occurring heterogeneous mixture of borrelia burgdorferi clones.	two unique isolates of borrelia burgdorferi, differing in plasmid content and outer surface protein c expression, were cultured on sequential captures of a single free-living peromyscus leucopus mouse and were examined for differences in transmissibility. both isolates were transmissible from inoculated c.b-17 mice to larval ixodes scapularis ticks and, subsequently, from infected nymphal ticks to c3h/hej mice. plasmid and protein analyses suggested that the original isolates were a mixed popula ...	1999	10531219
ticks and antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi from mammals at cape hatteras, nc and assateague island, md and va.	results of a survey for ixodid ticks and/or serum antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi from 14 species of small to large mammals from eastern coastal areas of the united states are presented. most samples were obtained from july 1987 through june 1989 (excluding december-march) at 3 locales: assateague is. national seashore, worcester co., md., and accomack co., va. (approximately 38 degrees 05' n 75 degrees 10' w), and cape hatteras national seashore, dare co., nc (approximately 35 degrees 30' n ...	1999	10534951
cross-transmission studies with eimeria arizonensis, e. arizonensis-like oocysts and eimeria langebarteli: host specificity at the genus and species level within the muridae.	cross-transmission experiments were done using sporulated oocysts of eimeria arizonensis from peromyscus truei and peromyscus maniculatus, and oocysts of 2 putative species that resemble e. arizonensis, i.e., eimeria albigulae from neotoma albigula, and eimeria onychomysis from onychomys leucogaster. oocysts of each species were inoculated into representatives of p. maniculatus and the latter 2 rodent species. other experiments were conducted wherein oocysts of eimeria langebarteli from peromysc ...	1999	10577723
infestation of peromyscus leucopus and tamias striatus by ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) in relation to the abundance of hosts and parasites.	the risk of humans acquiring lyme disease is a function of the local density of nymphal and adult ticks that are infected with lyme disease spirochetes. this in turn, will be related to host-use patterns of ticks and to the densities of both juvenile ticks and their hosts. at a forested site in dutchess county, ny, we quantified host-use patterns of larval and nymphal ixodes scapularis say infesting the 2 dominant vertebrate hosts, white-footed mice and eastern chipmunks, during a 3-yr period. l ...	1999	10593076
implications of raccoon latrines in the epizootiology of baylisascariasis.	raccoons (procyon lotor) frequently establish defecation sites, termed latrines, on large logs, stumps, rocks, and other horizontally oriented structures/surfaces. these latrines are important foci of infective eggs of baylisascaris procyonis, a nematode parasite of raccoons which is pathogenic to numerous species of mammals and birds. to examine the role of raccoon latrines in this animal-parasite interaction, we documented animal visitations to raccoon latrines in two large forested tracts and ...	1999	10479081
differences in hypothalamic 2-[125i]iodomelatonin binding in photoresponsive and non-photoresponsive white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus.	photoperiod is an environmental cue used by many temperate-zone species to regulate their reproductive timing. within species, the degree of reproductive photoresponsiveness can vary widely both among and within populations. the neuroendocrine mechanisms causing this individual variation in photoresponsiveness are unknown. using selected lines from a population of white-footed mice known to vary genetically in reproductive photoresponsiveness, we tested the hypothesis that variation in the numbe ...	1999	10517952
new york 1 and sin nombre viruses are serotypically distinct viruses associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	new york 1 virus (ny-1) and sin nombre virus (sn) are associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). ny-1 and sn are derived from unique mammalian hosts and geographic locations but have similar g1 and g2 surface proteins (93 and 97% identical, respectively). focus reduction neutralization assays were used to define the serotypic relationship between ny-1 and sn. sera from ny-1-positive peromyscus leucopus neutralized ny-1 and sn at titers of >/=1/3,200 and </=1/400, respectively (n = 12). ...	1999	9854075
comparative vector competence of dermacentor variabilis and ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) for the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis.	vector competence of ixodes scapularis say and dermacentor variabilis say for the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) was compared. five white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus rafinesque, were inoculated intra-peritoneally with blood from a mouse infected with the agent of hge. approximately 100 i. scapularis and d. variabilis larvae were placed on each mouse and allowed to feed to repletion. fed larvae were collected, separated according to species and allowed to molt to nymphs. twen ...	1999	10083755
notes on responses of blacklegged ticks (acari: ixodidae) to host urine.	in laboratory bioassays under conditions of high humidity, host-seeking female black-legged ticks, ixodes scapularis say, avoided urine of reproductively active male and nonestrous female white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus (zimmermann), the principal host species of the adult stage. at 50% rh, female i. scapularis did not avoid urine from male and female deer. larval and nymphal i. scapularis did not exhibit an arrestment response to urine from male and female white-footed mice, peromyscu ...	1999	10083760
lack of seroreactivity to ehrlichia chaffeensis among rodent populations.	a retrospective serosurvey for antibodies to ehrlichia chaffeensis was conducted on eight species of wild rodents (mus musculus, oryzomys palustris, peromyscus leucopus, rattus norvegicus, reithrodontomys humulis, sciurus carolinensis, sciurus niger, and sigmodon hispidus) from the southeastern united states. serum samples (n = 281) collected between 1973 and 1993 were evaluated using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. all samples, screened at a dilution of 1:32, were negative for antibodies ...	1998	9577793
genetic analysis of the diversity and origin of hantaviruses in peromyscus leucopus mice in north america.	nucleotide sequences were determined for the complete m genome segments of two distinct hantavirus genetic lineages which were detected in hantavirus antibody- and pcr-positive white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) from indiana and oklahoma. phylogenetic analyses indicated that although divergent from each other, the virus lineages in indiana and oklahoma were monophyletic and formed a newly identified unique ancestral branch within the clade of sin nombre-like viruses found in peromyscus mice ...	1998	9420200
cosegregation of a novel bartonella species with borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti in peromyscus leucopus.	during surveillance for various tickborne pathogens in the upper midwest during the summer and early fall of 1995, a bartonella-like agent was detected in the blood of mice that were concurrently infected with borrelia burgdorferi or babesia microti (or both). the organism was isolated in pure culture after inoculation of blood from wild-caught mice into c.b-17 scid/scid mice. phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna and the citrate synthase genes showed that the novel bartonella species and a bart ...	1998	9466529
serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichia spp. in wild rodents (muridae: sigmodontinae) in the united states.	rodent (muridae: sigmodontinae) blood and sera collected from 14 states were tested for seroreactivity to a cultured isolate of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. of the 1,240 samples tested, 136 (11%) were found to be reactive at titers of > or = 32. rodents with hge agent-specific antibodies were found in new york (23% of 491 samples; geometric mean endpoint titer [gmt] = 441), connecticut (11% of 100 samples; gmt = 481), california ( ...	1998	9508298
reservoir competence of the meadow vole (rodentia: cricetidae) for the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi.	the reservoir competence of the meadow vole, microtus pennsylvanicus ord, for the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi johnson, schmid, hyde, steigerwalt & brenner was established on patience island, ri. meadow voles were collected from 5 locations throughout rhode island. at 4 of the field sites, m. pennsylvanicus represented only 4.0% (n = 141) of the animals captured. however, on patience island, m. pennsylvanicus was the sole small mammal collected (n = 48). of the larval ixodes scap ...	1998	9775612
isolation of bartonella spp. from embryos and neonates of naturally infected rodents.	embryos and neonatal offspring of wild-captured cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) and white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were tested for the presence of bartonella spp. isolates of bartonella spp. were obtained from 18 of 31 embryos and 7 of 19 neonates from bacteremic dams of the two species; no isolates were obtained from material from non-bacteremic dams. sequence analysis demonstrated that the isolates from embryos and neonates matched the phylogenetic group of bartonella spp. isolates ob ...	1998	9577777
evaluation of two oral baiting systems for wild rodents.	tetracycline hydrochloride (tc)-treated peanut butter or rodent chow baits were distributed during march 1990, on separate 0.53 ha sites in oglethorpe county, georgia (usa). rodents were trapped on a control site prior to bait distribution and on two baited sites 6 days post-distribution. cleaned skulls from euthanized mammals were grossly examined for tc fluorescence using an ultraviolet (uv) light. mandibles were sectioned and examined for tc fluorescence using an ultraviolet light microscope. ...	1998	9577787
water-deprived white-footed mice express c-fos on a day/night cycle graded according to the duration of deprivation.	mammals respond to electrolyte and water imbalance by a variety of neural and endocrine mechanisms that regulate water and salt intake and loss. we used the expression of c-fos and fos-related antigens to indicate neuronal activation in hypothalamic neurons of members of an outbred laboratory population of white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) deprived of water for biologically reasonable periods of time (6-18 h). we examined fos-like immunoreactivity (fos-lir) in the supraoptic nucleus (son) ...	1998	9593799
immunohistochemical demonstration of serotonin-containing axons in the hypothalamus of the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus.	the wild white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus, is commonly used for photoperiod studies utilizing physiological, behavioral, and other biological measures indicative of hypothalamic functions. indoleamines, like melatonin and serotonin, are implicated in regulating these hypothalamic functions. although neurochemical analyses of hypothalamic serotonin and its receptors have been reported for this species, the relevant neuroanatomy of the serotonin system within mouse hypothalamus has not been ...	1998	9767166
retrospective serosurvey for human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent in urban white-footed mice from maryland.	archived serum samples from 111 peromyscus leucopus, collected 1984-88 in baltimore city (maryland, usa), were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. sera from two (2%) individuals contained antibodies reactive to ehrlichia equi and the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent. this suggests that the hge agent or an antigenically related organism has been present in rodent populations in this locality for more than a decade, and was present in the region at least 12 yr before a case o ...	1998	9476244
density-dependent factors regulating feeding success of ixodes scapularis larvae (acari: ixodidae).	we studied the effects of different parasite and host densities on the feeding success of larval ixodes scapularis ticks upon white-footed mice peromyscus leucopus. mice were infested daily with 10, 25, 50, or 100 larvae and kept individually or in groups of 2 and 3 to simulate co-nesting in the field. engorgement weight and molting success of replete larvae did not change during more than 3 wk of continuous infestation, but overall larval feeding success decreased from 24% to 12% with increased ...	1998	9488335
transgenic mice expressing a truncated peromyscus leucopus tnf-alpha gene manifest an arthritis resembling ankylosing spondylitis.	several studies have implicated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (ra). to elucidate further the role of tnf-alpha in inflammatory arthritis, we generated transgenic mice harboring a truncated peromyscus leucopus tnf-alpha (pe-tnf) gene. an arthritic phenotype closely resembling human ankylosing spondylitis was observed only in transgenic lines expressing the pe-tnf transgene at the mrna level. we characterized the arthritic phenotype in ...	1998	9568723
focal epidemic of sarcoptid (acarina: sarcoptidae) mite infestation in an insular population of white-footed mice.	the abrupt and focal emergence of an infestation of sarcoptid mites was documented during long-term studies of populations of the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus (rafinesque), on nantucket island, ma. from 1985 to 1996, > 1,000 trap nights were recorded each year in 2 permanently situated sampling grids that were sampled monthly from april through november. in april 1995, prominent excrescences were first noted on the pinnae of mice trapped solely from 1 of the 2 sites. histopathology of ...	1998	9701941
modeling biotic and abiotic influences on population size in small mammals.	most previous work in population ecology has modeled density-dependent effects in isolation. in this paper, we concurrently modeled the effect of density-dependent and density-independent factors on the rate of population change (r t ) in peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse), using a ricker equation expanded to include weather and seasonality. from 1973 to 1996, we live-trapped p. leucopus monthly in a 2-ha ohio woodlot. population peaks (july to august) varied from 27 to 181 individuals, wh ...	1998	28308199
natural infection of small mammal species in minnesota with the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis.	the natural reservoirs for the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) are suspected to be the small mammals that host immature stages of ixodes scapularis ticks. to determine if such small mammals are naturally infected, we collected blood and serum samples from small mammal species in rural and suburban areas of minneapolis and st. paul, minn. samples were collected from white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), eastern chipmunks (tamias striatus), southern red-backed voles (clethrionomy ...	1997	9157141
analysis of orthologous retrovirus-like elements in the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus.	three loci in the genome of the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus, were examined for the presence or absence of orthologous copies of the retrovirus-like element mys using polymerase chain reaction. we examined these loci in 28 mice collected throughout the p. leucopus species range. mys insertions were present in only one of the individuals examined at the mys-1 and mys-7 loci. conversely, the mys-6 element was found in several individuals, but the presence of this element was limited to ...	1997	9010138
spatial distribution of larval ixodes scapularis (acari:ixodidae) on peromyscus leucopus and microtus pennsylvanicus at two island sites.	larval blacklegged ticks, ixodes scapularis, were collected from white-footed mice. peromyscus leucopus, on prudence island (where microtus pennsylvanicus were not captured) and from meadow voles. m. pennsylvanicus, on patience island (where p. leucopus was absent) in narragansett bay, rhode island from june to october 1992. ixodes scapularis larvae were also collected by flagging in the vicinity of host captures. on both islands, the relative density of larvae changed from july to september in ...	1997	9105297
parasites of mammals on the sevilleta national wildlife refuge, socorro, new mexico: cuterebra austeni and c. neomexicana (diptera:oestridae) from neotoma and peromyscus (rodentia:muridae), 1991-1994.	in total, 6,486 rodents representing 3 families (muridae, heteromyidae, and sciuridae) and 24 species were trapped may through august of 1991 through 1994. of these, only the white-throated woodrat. neotoma albigula hartley; piñon mouse, peromyscus truei shufeldt; and white-footed mouse, p. leucopus rafinesque, were infested with cuterebra clark larvae. of the 594 n. albigula that were captured 103 (17.3%) were infested with 139 cuterebra larvae with all infestations occurring in the throat regi ...	1997	9151503
age and temperature related changes in behavioral and physiological performance in the peromyscus leucopus mouse.	age-related and ambient temperature-related changes in motor activity, body temperature, body weight (b.w.), and food consumption were studied in the long-lived peromyscus leucopus mouse at environmental temperatures of 29 and 21 degrees c. major changes in physiological performance were observed between the young (6 months) and old (60-72 month) age groups. the number of daily activity episodes, and total activity output was significantly lower in old mice. maximum, average and minimum daily bo ...	1997	9152960
susceptibility of peromyscus leucopus and mus musculus to infection with baylisascaris procyonis.	in this study, we compared the susceptibility of peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse), a common natural intermediate host, and mus musculus, a commonly used experimental model, to infection with larvae of the raccoon ascarid, baylisascaris procyonis. three groups of 10 mice of each species were given 50, 250, or 500 infective b. procyonis eggs by gavage. the mice were observed daily for clinical signs of central nervous system (cns) disease and at necropsy the distribution of larvae in 10 bo ...	1997	9406787
fleas and lice parasitizing mammals in missouri.	three species of chewing lice, 11 species of sucking lice, and 28 species of fleas are recorded from mammals in missouri. of these, seven species of sucking lice (hoplopleura acanthopus, hoplopleura hesperomydis, hoplopleura sciuricola, neohaematopinus sciuri, neohaematopinus sciurinus, neohaematopinus sciuropteri, and solenopotes ferrisi) and one species of flea (doratopsylla blarinae) represent new state records. from 1993 to 1995, 773 individual mammals were examined for ectoparasites in sout ...	1997	9491363
duration of borrelia burgdorferi infectivity in white-footed mice for the tick vector ixodes scapularis under laboratory and field conditions in ontario.	the duration of borrelia burgdorferi infectivity in white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) experimentally inoculated or infested with infected ixodes scapularis nymphs was evaluated. infectivity was assessed by infesting these mice with unfed i. scapularis larvae at 7, 21, 35 and 49 days post-inoculation (dpi) or post-infestation (pi). at 7 dpi, b. burgdorferi was transmitted from 18 of 24 syringe-inoculated mice and all three tick-infected mice to i. scapularis larvae which fed upon them. howe ...	1997	9391960
a small-scale survey of hantavirus in mammals from indiana.	in order to determine if hantaviruses were present in mice and other small mammals in indiana (usa), small mammals were trapped in brown, laporte, tippecanoe and whitley counties. sixty-seven small mammals were trapped during august and september 1994. sixty-three peromyscus leucopus, one microtus pennsylvanicus, one zapus hudsonius and two blarina brevicauda were captured and tested for hantaviruses. six p. leucopus were found to have antibody to sin nombre virus (sn) by igg elisa, and a 139 bp ...	1997	9391967
role of the eastern chipmunk (tamias striatus) in the epizootiology of lyme borreliosis in northwestern illinois, usa.	the role of the eastern chipmunk (tamias striatus) in the epizootiology of lyme borreliosis was evaluated in castle rock state park, illinois (usa), an enzootic region, from june to august 1993. prevalence, intensity, and molting rate of immature ixodes scapularis were determined for chipmunks, white footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), and raccoons (procyon lotor). chipmunks were the primary host for i. scapularis nymphs and an important secondary host for i. scapularis larvae. based upon ear pun ...	1997	9027689
simulation of blacklegged tick (acari:ixodidae) population dynamics and transmission of borrelia burgdorferi.	a model (lymesim) was developed for computer simulation of blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, population dynamics and transmission of the lyme disease agent. borrelia burgdorferi johnson. schmid, hyde, steigerwalt & brenner, lymesim simulates the effects of ambient temperature, saturation deficit, precipitation, habitat type, and host type and density on tick populations. epidemiological parameters including host infectivity, tick infectivity, transovarial transmission, and transstadial tr ...	1997	9220682
antibodies to multiple tick-borne pathogens of babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, and lyme borreliosis in white-footed mice.	serum samples from peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse), collected in connecticut (usa) in 1983, 1985, and during 1990 to 1993, were analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) or indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) staining methods for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi (strain 2591), babesia microti, ehrlichia chaffeensis (arkansas strain), and ehrlichia equi (mrk strain). of the 294 serum samples tested, 160 (54%) contained immunoglobulins to one or more of these pathogens. t ...	1997	9249691
effects of babesia microti infection on feeding pattern, engorged body weight, and molting rate of immature ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae).	effects of babesia microti franca on the pattern of feeding time, the body weight of engorged ticks, and the molting rate of the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, were determined. using the syrian golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus (waterhouse), as an animal model, we found no significant differences in patterns of feeding time determined for both larvae and nymphs that fed on b. microti-infected and uninfected hamsters. however, an infection of b. microti in hamsters delayed engorgemen ...	1997	9379462
parallel discrete event simulation of lyme disease.	our research concerns the dynamic processes underlying the rapid increase in the geographic distribution of lyme disease, currently the most frequently reported vector-borne disease of humans in the united states [10, 1]. more specifically, we ask how spatially localized ecological interactions drive the lyme disease epidemic at extended spatial and temporal scales. we have developed a parallel discrete event simulation system in c++ for the ibm sp2. the simulation model discussed here models th ...	1996	9390232
cocirculation of multiple hantaviruses in texas, with characterization of the small (s) genome of a previously undescribed virus of cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus).	an environmental and laboratory investigation was conducted after a fatal childhood case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in deaf smith county, texas in may 1995. a trapping campaign was conducted to identify possible rodent carriers. six species of murid and heteromyid rodents were collected, and at least one hantavirus-seropositive specimen was found in each of the five murid species. tissues from a selection of 11 seropositive specimens were examined by the polymerase chain reaction ...	1996	9025697
histopathology of peromyscus leucopus naturally infected with pathogenic ny-1 hantaviruses: pathologic markers of hps viral infection in mice.	hantavirus research is impeded by the absence of animal models of viral pathogenesis. we have studied the histopathology of mice (p. leucopus) naturally infected with the ny-1 hantavirus on shelter island, new york. five mice were determined to be seropositive in western blotting to four corners virus nucleocapsid protein and had serum antibodies to seoul and puumala hantavirus antigens by immunofluorescence assay. hantavirus gene segments of the ny-1 hantavirus were identified in these mice and ...	1996	8600313
field estimates of numbers of ixodes scapularis (acari:ixodidae) larvae and nymphs per hectare successfully feeding on peromyscus leucopus in massachusetts.	the numbers of blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, per hectare that engorged as larvae and nymphs on white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus (rafinesque), were estimated at 3 sites in coastal massachusetts. estimates of numbers of engorged ticks dropping per day from trapped mice were multiplied by mark-recapture estimates of the density (numbers per hectare) of white-footed mice to estimate numbers of ticks engorging on mice per hectare. in 1991, estimates of seasonal totals per hectare of ...	1996	8840688
spread of ixodes scapularis (acari:ixodidae) in indiana: collections of adults in 1991-1994 and description of a borrelia burgdorferi-infected population.	collection records for the adult black legged tick, ixodes scapularis say, in indiana for the period 1991-1994 are presented and a new, established population of borrelia burgdorferi-infected i. scapularis is described. the number of i. scapularis adults collected in indiana increased progressively from 19 in 1991 to > 200 in 1994, and the number of indiana counties reporting at least 1 adult increased from 13 to 29. also, during this period, 4 countries in northwestern indiana yielded > 10 spec ...	1996	8840696
entomological correlates of babesia microti prevalence in an area where ixodes scapularis (acari:ixodidae) is endemic.	zoonotic prevalence of babesia microti franca piroplasms infecting white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus rafinesque, was determined at 34 sites in rhode island where nymphal blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, densities ranged from low to hyperabundant (1.7-525.3 nymphs per hour of flagging). babesia was only detected at sites where tick abundance was moderate to high (> 20 nymphs per hour of flagging) and appeared to exhibit a clumped distribution. where b. microti was detected, the mean ...	1996	8840700
sequence analysis of the complete s genomic segment of a newly identified hantavirus isolated from the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus): phylogenetic relationship with other sigmodontine rodent-borne hantaviruses.	four corners (fc) or sin nombre virus, a hantavirus harbored by the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus), is the principal etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). recently, a hantavirus, designated new york (ny) virus, isolated from a white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus) captured on shelter island, new york, was molecularly linked to a fatal case of hps occurring in the northeastern united states. to clarify the genetic and phylogenetic relationship between ny and fc viruses a ...	1996	8883362
interspecific differences between small mammals as hosts of immature dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae) and a model for detection of high risk areas of rocky mountain spotted fever.	fourteen species of small mammals were captured from july 1990 through august 1991 in tennessee, from which 1,217 immature dermacentor variabilis and 1 ixodes dentatus were collected. mammal species were given scores of importance (ts) as hosts to immature d. variabilis based on mean intensity and prevalence. the rice rat ranked the highest, with a ts = 5, followed by the golden mouse ts = 4, white-footed mouse ts = 3, pine vole ts = 2, cotton rat ts = 1, with the norway rat, house mouse, and sh ...	1996	8885876
hantavirus s rna sequence from a fatal case of hps in new york.	in april, 1995, the second fatal case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) occurred in the northeast in a new york state resident. using the patient's lung tissue obtained at autopsy, the s genomic rna segment of a hantavirus, designated h-ny1, was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), cloned, and sequenced. the s rna was found to contain 2084 nucleotides, 6 nucleotides longer than reported by hjelle et al. (1995) for the virus associated with the first northea ...	1996	8890033
patient isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato with genotypic and phenotypic similarities of strain 25015.	strain 25015 is an atypical tick isolate that belongs to a distinct genomic group (dn127) within the general taxon borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. similarities between this strain and a white-footed mouse isolate from illinois, strain ct39, have been reported. in the course of isolating b. burgdorferi sensu lato in culture from slovenian patients, 9 isolates were identified with the same genetic profiles as strains 25015 and ct39, as evidenced by restriction enzyme mlui digestion patterns of ge ...	1996	8896519
novel borrelia burgdorferi isolates from ixodes scapularis and ixodes dentatus ticks feeding on humans.	seven cultures of borrelia burgdorferi differing from strains b31 and zs7 were identified from among 99 isolates from ixodes scapularis ticks and from white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) and 1 isolate from an ixodes dentatus tick. five of the six novel isolates from i. scapularis and the isolate from i. dentatus were from ticks feeding on humans. the six isolates from i. scapularis lacked ospa and ospb, four possessed an ospd band, and two reacted with an anti-ospc monoclonal antibody. restr ...	1996	8904407
borrelia burgdorferi-infected ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) and peromyscus leucopus in northeastern wisconsin.	populations of the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, are established in western and central wisconsin in the upper midwestern united states, but appear to be expanding geographically there. here, we report a previously unknown population in northeastern wisconsin. questing i. scapularis nymphs and adults were collected by flagging vegetation from a riverine site in marinette county, wisconsin, in spring of 1993 and 1994. dissection and culture of tick guts in modified barbour-stoenner-kel ...	1996	8906923
presence of ixodiphagus hookeri (hymenoptera: encyrtidae) in two connecticut populations of ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae).	two connecticut populations of the black-legged tick, ixodes scapularis (say), the vector of lyme disease spirochetes, borrelia bugrdorferi sensu stricto johnson, schmid, hyde, steigerwalt & brenner, in the northeastern united states, are parasitized by the encyrtid wasp ixodiphagus hookeri (howard), formerly hunterellus hookeri. the wasp was first detected in ticks from a forested site in bridgeport in 1992. i. hookeri was reared from 18.6% of 148 host-seeking i. scapularis nymphs. in 1993 and ...	1996	8906928
occurrence of larval ixodes scapularis (acari:ixodidae) on tree trunks.	host-seeking larvae of blacklegged ticks, ixodes scapularis say, were found on the trunks of 7 species of trees in a mixed deciduous woodland in maryland. where larvae were present around the bases of trees, larvae were found on 45.8% of the tree trucks. almost 15% of the larvae found on tree trunks were approximately 1-2 m above the ground. larger trees harbored larvae more often than smaller trees. trees having a circumference at breast height of > or = 1 m (0.96 m diameter) averaged 3.19 larv ...	1996	8961648
dna sequence of the peromyscus leucopus mhc class ii gene aa (mhcpeleaa).		1996	9110938
retrotransposon mys was active during evolution of the peromyscus leucopus-maniculatus complex.	mys is a retrovirus-like transposable element found throughout the genus peromyscus. several mys subfamilies identified on the basis of restriction site variation occur in more than one species. the distribution of these subfamilies is consistent with the accepted species phylogeny, suggesting that mys was present in the ancestor of peromyscus and has been active through much of the evolution of this genus. quantitative southern blot analysis was used to examine the variability of subfamilies in ...	1996	8576963
the uptake and effects of lead in small mammals and frogs at a trap and skeet range.	this study was performed to evaluate the bioavailability and effects of lead in wildlife at a trap and skeet range. the total lead concentration in a composite soil sample (pellets removed) was 75,000 micrograms/g dry weight. elevated tissue lead concentrations and depressed alad activities in small mammals and frogs indicate that some of the lead deposited at the site is bioavailable. mean tissue lead concentrations (micrograms/g dry wt.) in white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) at the range ...	1996	8593083
coexistence of white-footed mice and deer mice may be mediated by fluctuating environmental conditions.	white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis, and deer mice, p. maniculatus nubiterrae, occur sympatically throughout much of the appalachian mountains of the eastern united states. previous studies have shown that these two species are behaviorally and ecologically similar and do not partition food or microhabitat. in this paper i use a 14-year data set to demonstrate that the two species have differential population growth and survival rates in response to food abundance and season, w ...	1996	28307870
experimental tests of nest site competition in two peromyscus species.	the importance of interspecific competition for nest sites between the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis) and the cloudland deermouse (p. maniculatus nubiterrae) were investigated in the montane forests of southwestern virginia over 3 years. trials were conducted for both species using large, outdoor enclosures in order to examine: (i) nest site preference in isolation and (ii) nest site selection made in the presence of potential competitors. both species demonstrated a str ...	1996	28307125
larval density and feeding success of ixodes scapularis on two species of peromyscus.	one potential mechanism for the regulation of tick populations is density-dependent feeding success on vertebrate hosts. in a series of laboratory experiments, we tested whether the density of larval ixodes scapularis on the mice peromyscus maniculatus and peromyscus leucopus influenced tick feeding success. for both host species, the proportion of ticks feeding to repletion was constant (approximately 40-50%) over a range of infestation from 5 to 100 ticks per mouse. for p. leucopus, neither ma ...	1995	8544056
analyses of mammalian sera in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with different strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.	blood samples were collected from cottontail rabbits (sylvilagus floridanus), raccoons (procyon lotor), white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), and white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) between 1977 and 1991 in southern connecticut and new york state (usa) and were tested for antibodies against eight strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. among these spirochetes were six strains of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, one strain of b. garinii (=ip90) and ...	1995	8583632
reactivity of white-footed mouse and raccoon sera to whole cell and recombinant antigens of borrelia burgdorferi.	serum samples were collected from white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) and raccoons (procyon lotor) during 1983, 1984, and 1990 through 1993 in connecticut (usa) and were tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) against whole cell borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (strain 2591) and the following recombinant antigens of this spirochete: p41-g (an immunogenic epitope of flagellin), outer surface protein (osp)a, and ospb. antibodies were most frequently detected when whole cell anti ...	1995	8592354
ear biopsy location influences detection of borrelia burgdorferi by pcr, but not by culture in naturally infected peromyscus leucopus.	we determined if the ear biopsy location affected detection of borrelia burgdorferi when either culture or the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used among 50 white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), live-captured in a lyme disease enzootic area in maryland (usa) between march and october of 1991 and 1992. the infection status of individual mice was determined by organ culture; ear biopsy samples were obtained from the peripheral and central part of the ear for detection of b. burgdorferi by c ...	1995	8592355
experimental infection of the red-backed vole (clethrionomys gapperi) with borrelia burgdorferi.	red-backed voles (clethrionomys gapperi) were live trapped in northern st. louis county, minnesota (usa), in late september and october 1988 and experimentally inoculated with borrelia burgdorferi. spirochetes were isolated from most animals 14 and 28 days following inoculation. thus, red-backed voles exposed to b. burgdorferi were susceptible to infection and could be a reservoir host, along with chipmunks (tamias striatus) and other small rodents, in areas where white-footed mouse (peromyscus ...	1995	8592371
assignment of tp53 and tk1 to chromosome 13 in peromyscus by fluorescence in situ hybridization.	mus domesticus dna probes for the tumor suppressor protein-53 (tp53) and thymidine kinase-1 (tk1) genetic loci were used to identify clones representing these loci in a peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) cosmid library. the cosmid-derived homologous probes were biotinylated and hybridized to p. maniculatus (deer mouse) chromosomes. probes for both genes hybridized to the chromosome 13 pair identified by prior g-banding. deer mouse chromosome 13 shares a region of homology with mouse chromo ...	1995	7835097
molecular linkage of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome to the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus: genetic characterization of the m genome of new york virus.	the complete m segment sequences of hantaviruses amplified from tissues of a patient with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the northeastern united states and from white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus, from new york were 99% identical and differed from those of four corners virus by 23%. the serum of this patient failed to recognize a conserved, immunodominant epitope of the four corners virus g1 glycoprotein. collectively, these findings indicate that p. leucopus harbors a genetically and anti ...	1995	7494337
antibody response of the mouse reservoir of borrelia burgdorferi in nature.	to determine whether the white-footed mouse reservoir host (peromyscus leucopus) of the agent of lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi) naturally mounts an immune response against the full range of antigens expressed by this zoonotic pathogen, we analyzed the pattern of immunoreactivity of these rodents at sites in which the intensity of transmission differs. although the incidence of seroconversion within the reservoir population relates proportionally to the density of subadult deer ticks (ixodes ...	1995	7622226
analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sequentially isolated from peromyscus leucopus captured at a lyme disease enzootic site.	thirty isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sequentially cultured from 15 naturally infected white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were examined for variability in protein and plasmid profiles. heterogeneity was detected in ospb and ospc and in proteins between 18.0 and 28.0 kda by page. plasmid profiles were heterogeneous in the first isolate from 11 mice (73%) and between the first and last sequential isolate from 13 mice (87%). comparison of the first and last isolates showed increased expressi ...	1995	7622890
ticks (acari: ixodidae) infesting wild birds (aves) and white-footed mice in lyme, ct.	birds were captured and recaptured (20.8% of 5,297) with japanese mist nets, and white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus (rafinesque), were caught and recaught (69.1% of 355) with sherman box traps during the late spring, summer, and early fall from july 1989 through october 1991 to study tick-host relationships in lyme, ct. ixodes scapularis say, a vector of lyme disease spirochetes, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto johnson, schmid, hye, steigerwalt & brenner, infested 803 birds (15.2%) in 36 ...	1995	7650706
borrelia burgdorferi in eastern virginia: comparison between a coastal and inland locality.	in virginia, borrelia burgdorferi was more prevalent in a site along the atlantic ocean, near maryland, than in an inland site near williamsburg and yorktown. at the coastal site on assateague island, b. burgdorferi was isolated from 4.2% of 475 animals sampled, including four species of small mammals. serologic tests indicated that 25-37% of the small rodents assayed had been exposed to b. burgdorferi. immunofluorescence antibody assays specific for b. burgdorferi showed spirochete infection in ...	1995	7677212
brevinema andersonii gen. nov., sp. nov., an infectious spirochete isolated from the short-tailed shrew (blarina brevicauda) and the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus).	a spirochete which infects short-tailed shrews (blarina brevicauda) and white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) has been shown previously to be ultrastructurally and serologically distinct from other spirochetes. two of the original isolates from connecticut and minnesota and 16 new isolates obtained from shrews captured in minnesota were characterized phenotypically and genetically in this study. a comparative analysis of the 16s rrna sequences of two shrew isolates and one mouse isolate and th ...	1995	7857811
effect of deer exclusion on the abundance of immature ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) parasitizing small and medium-sized mammals.	effects of deer exclusion on abundance of immature ixodes scapularis say parasitizing small and medium-sized mammals, and the role mammals have in introducing ticks to exclosure areas, were examined at two sites in westchester county, new york. in total, 686 mammal captures representing nine species were obtained, with white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus rafinesque, composing > 80% of all captures, followed by raccoons, procyon lotor (l.); opossums, didelphis virginiana (kerr); and striped sk ...	1995	7869342
coccidian parasites (apicomplexa) from snakes in the southcentral and southwestern united states: new host and geographic records.	four hundred thirty-five leptotyphlopid, colubrid, elapid, and viperid snakes were collected from various localities in arkansas, new mexico, oklahoma, and texas, and their feces were examined for coccidian parasites. of these, 131 (30%) were passing oocysts or sporocysts of at least 1 coccidian; 88 (67%) of the infected snakes had only 1 species of coccidian when they were examined. aquatic and semiaquatic snakes accounted for 48% of the infections, whereas strictly terrestrial snakes comprised ...	1995	7876980
detection of borrelia burgdorferi dna in museum specimens of peromyscus leucopus.	to determine whether borrelia burgdorferi was enzootic within the united states at the beginning of the 20th century, ear skin samples taken from museum specimens of the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus) were examined for evidence of spirochetal dna. in total, 280 samples from mice collected between 1870 and 1919 were analyzed by a nested polymerase chain reaction protocol. of these, 2 specimens from the vicinity of dennis, massachusetts, during 1894 were reproducibly positive for b. burg ...	1994	7930700
genetic, phenotypic, and behavioral variation in north american sylvatic isolates of trichinella.	two restriction endonucleases (cla i and hpa ii) produced polymorphic repetitive dna profiles which were used in a clustering analysis to quantify the level of genetic variation among 14 north american sylvatic isolates of t5 trichinella. differences in genetic profiles reflected phenotypic differences in parasite reproductive success as measured by an isolate's reproductive capacity index in natural hosts. two genetically distinct isolates of the t5 genotype and t. spiralis were used to infect ...	1994	7931904
an experimental study of inbreeding depression in a natural habitat.	inbreeding is known to lead to decreased survival and reproduction in captive populations of animals. it is also important to know whether inbreeding has deleterious effects in natural habitats. an estimate was made of the effects of inbreeding in white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis, derived from a wild population. this study demonstrates that inbreeding had a significant detrimental effect on the survivorship of mice reintroduced into a natural habitat. this effect was more se ...	1994	7939661
influence of season and habitat on ixodes scapularis infestation on white-footed mice in northwestern illinois.	the effects of season and habitat on the infestation of the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus) by immature ixodes scapularis were studied at castle rock state park, northwestern illinois, during june-october 1991. relative density of larvae on mice was higher in mid-late summer (13.7 ticks per mouse) than during the rest of the study period, whereas prevalence of nymphal infestation was highest in early summer (33.3%). relative density of i. scapularis larvae and prevalence of nymphs on mi ...	1994	7799148
characteristics of a white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus) population inhabiting a polychlorinated biphenyls contaminated site.	demographic characteristics of a white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus) population inhabiting a woodland containing a low level of pcbs contamination were compared to an uncontaminated reference site. although population density was higher on the pcbs-contaminated grid, the population exhibited greater temporal variability among years and had a higher number of transient animals. these population trends are consistent with those observed in structurally suboptimal habitats, indicating that the ...	1994	7811110
correlative analysis of heavy metal bioconcentration and genetic damage in white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) from a hazardous waste site.		1994	8186636
isolation of pathogenic hantavirus from white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus)		1994	7984010
parasitic arthropods of white-footed mice at mcclintic wildlife station, west virginia.	seven species of parasitic arthropods (one sucking louse, one bot, 2 fleas, one tick, and 2 mites) were recovered from 81 white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus, live-trapped on the grounds of the mcclintic wildlife station, mason county, wv, from march through november 1990. the most commonly collected arthropods were the fleas orchopeas leucopus (89 specimens) and epitedia wenmanni (23), and the tick dermacentor variabilis (38). sex ratios for both flea species were female biased; 1.8:1.0 for ...	1994	8014620
experimental borrelia burgdorferi infection in peromyscus leucopus.	we evaluated the susceptibility of laboratory-reared adult and infant white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) to a known pathogenic isolate of borrelia burgdorferi (n40). two-month-old and 3-day-old peromyscus were inoculated intradermally with 10(6) to 10(7) spirochetes. at 21 days for adults or 30 days for infants post inoculation, mice were killed, and tissues were cultured for spirochetes and examined microscopically. based on serology and culture, adult mice became infected but did not have ...	1994	8028098
comparison of different strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato used as antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.	eight strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were tested with serum samples from persons who had lyme borreliosis or syphilis in class-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas). antigens of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, of borrelia garinii, and of borrelia spirochetes in group vs461 were prepared from cultured bacteria isolated from ticks, a white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus), or human tissues in north america, the former soviet union, and japan. nearly all of the serum spec ...	1994	8051239
ticks (acari: ixodidae) collected from small and medium-sized kansas mammals.	seven species of hard-bodied ticks were collected from 20 species of small and medium-sized mammals in kansas; amblyomma americanum l., dermacentor variabilis (say), haemaphysalis leporispalustris (packard), ixodes cookei packard, i. kingi bishopp, i. sculptus neumann, and i. texanus banks. dermacentor variabilis was found statewide, a. americanum only in the eastern one-third of the state, and the ixodes spp. and h. leporispalustris were widely scattered. the most common tick found was d. varia ...	1994	8057327
comparison of chromosomal distribution of a retroposon (line) and a retrovirus-like element mys in peromyscus maniculatus and p. leucopus.	chromosomal distribution for two interspersed elements (lines and mys) that are thought to have established their chromosomal position primarily by transposition was compared between two species of deer mice (peromyscus leucopus and p. maniculatus). both lines and mys generally produced an autosomal banding pattern reflective of g-bands and both hybridized preferentially to the sex chromosomes. the pattern on the long arm of the x was unique for each, with mys reflecting the g-bands (four bands ...	1994	8069462
suppression of ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) nymphs in a large residential community.	to determine the feasibility of suppressing ixodes scapularis say populations in a large, hyperendemic residential community, several rates of granular carbaryl were applied by ground and air to the shrub layer and wooded buffers of a forested residential community during the peak activity period of nymphs. granular carbaryl significantly reduced the abundance of i. scapularis nymphs on peromyscus leucopus raphinesque. control nymphal ticks ranged between 70.0 and 90.3%. the use of properly time ...	1994	8189411
detection of borrelia burgdorferi in urine of peromyscus leucopus by inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	an inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme borreliosis, in urine from white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus). of the 87 urine specimens tested from 87 mice collected in widely separated tick-infested sites in connecticut, 57 (65.5%) contained detectable concentrations of spirochetal antigens. forty-seven (62.7%) of 75 serum samples analyzed contained antibodies to b. burgdorferi. in culture work with tissues from bla ...	1994	8195393