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adjustments of the oxygen diffusing capacity to energetic demands during the development of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).one of the hypotheses that attempt to explain physiological limitations of energy budgets is the symmorphosis hypothesis, which proposes that if matching structures to functional needs were combined with the strict economy of energy and materials, the result would be an optimal organ design for the specific function it serves. evidence in favor of symmorphosis in adults is as abundant as evidence against it, but the plasticity of some morphological traits may be dependent on the ontogenetic stag ...201121496493
genetic parameters of slaughter and carcase traits in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).1. genetic parameters of slaughter and carcase traits were estimated for 5-week-old japanese quail reared under the one-to-one sire and dam pedigree recorded system. data were analysed using restricted maximum likelihood (reml) with relationship matrix. records of 1244 animals from 119 sires and 156 dams were analysed. 2. an individual animal model was used which had the animals' genetic effect as the only random factor. heritability and standard errors of slaughter, cold carcase, breast, leg, w ...201121491239
developmental toxicity of glyceryl trinitrate in quail embryos.although glyceryl trinitrate (gtn) is used extensively to treat angina and heart failure, little is known about its effects on the conceptus during organogenesis. the goal of these studies was to investigate the effects of gtn in a model organism, the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryo.201121472843
the ossification of the pectoral girdle and wing skeleton of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).the onset of ossification centres of the pectoral girdle and wing skeleton of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) has been studied in embryos and juvenile birds, which were sampled daily from the 4th day of incubation up to the 12th day after hatching. specimens, which were cleared and were stained with alcian blue and alizarin red s, were examined at the stereomicroscope. the furcula ossified with intramembranous ossification at the 7th day of incubation. the first centres of perichondral os ...201121392085
changes in plasma gonadotrophins, testosterone, prolactin, thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) of a heavy body weight line during photo-induced testicular growth and regression.1. simultaneous changes of cloacal gland area (cga) and plasma luteinising hormone (lh), follicle stimulating hormone (fsh), testosterone (t), prolactin (prl), thyroxine (t(4)) and triiodothyronine (t(3)) during photo-induced testicular growth and regression were measured in commercially bred japanese quail from a heavy body weight line. 2. somatically mature male japanese quail were transferred from short days (light:dark 8l:16d) at 10°c, to long days (16l:8d) at 20°c; and sexually mature male ...201122221245
quail poisoning in a child.it has been well known since ancient times that the consumption of quail may be deleterious to health. the european quail sub-species (coturnix coturnix coturnix), common to europe, north africa, and western asia is indeed potentially poisonous to humans, but only during the autumn migration (not during their return flight in spring). quail poisoning is an acute dietary-toxicological syndrome.201116700632
[lampbrush chromosomes of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): a new version of cytogenetic maps].avian oocyte chromosomes are transfomed into giant transcriptionally active lampbrush chromosomes (lbcs) at meiosis 1 diplotene. these chromosomes are a convenient tool for high-resulution cytogenetic analysis. using differential staining with fluorochromes dapi and cma3, we have constructed detailed cytological maps for lampbrush macrochromosomes 1-5 and zw of the japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. we also performed a comparative analysis ofmitotic chromosomes and lbcs corresponding to ...201021254550
effects of oral administration of l-methionine on activity/rest rhythm.we describe a chronobiological study of the effects of the oral administration of the essential amino acid l-methionine to common quail ( coturnix coturnix ). this amino acid is a precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which is responsible for controlling and maintaining wakefulness through the ventrolateral pre-optic area of the hypothalamus and controlling the rem sleep in the nucleus reticularis pontinus oralis (nrpo). the quail model was chosen as these birds are monophasic and acti ...201020511132
cyanide toxicity and interference with diet selection in quail (coturnix coturnix).cyanide is a ubiquitous substance in the environment. most of the cyanide absorbed by an animal is detoxified by enzymatic combination with sulfur, thus the detoxification process imposes a nutritional cost. in mammals, interactions among nutrients and toxics may influence the composition of the diet and food intake, as a function of positive or negative post-ingestive feedback. the present work aimed to describe the toxic effects of cyanide, and to determine whether cyanide interferes with diet ...201019969102
mhc class ii diversity and balancing selection in greater prairie-chickens.the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) of domestic chickens has been characterized as small and relatively simple compared with that of mammals. however, there is growing evidence that the mhc of many bird lineages may be more complex, even within the order galliformes. in this study, we measured genetic variation and balancing selection at mhc loci in another galliform, the greater prairie-chicken. we cloned and sequenced a 239 bp fragment of mhc class ii beta-chain (blb) exon 2 in 14 indiv ...201019851875
allometric scaling of fatty acyl chains in fowl liver, lung and kidney, but not in brain phospholipids.the phospholipid (pl) fatty acyl chain (fa) composition (mol%) was determined in the kidney, liver, lung and brain of 8 avian species ranging in body mass from 150g (japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica) to 19kg (turkey, meleagris gallopavo). in all organs except the brain, docosahexaenoic acid (c22:6 n3, dha) was found to show a negative allometric scaling (allometric exponent: b=-0.18; -0.20 and -0.24, for kidney, liver and lung, respectively). with minor inter-organ differences, smaller ...201019961949
isolation of thermophilic campylobacter species from japanese quails (coturnix coturnix) in vom, nigeria. 201020118475
effect of dietary level of methionine on growth performance and immune response in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).methionine (met) being the first limiting amino acid in maize/soybean-based quail diets, its supplementation provides scope for improvement of protein quality and reduction of dietary protein concentration. the question remains to what extent it can be incorporated in the diet of genetically improved quails. therefore the effect of dietary met level was assessed on growth performance and immune response in growing japanese quails (n = 400) divided equally into 20 groups. five dietary treatments ...201020355070
polymerase chain reaction assay for verifying the labeling of meat and commercial meat products from game birds targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial d-loop region.a pcr assay was developed for the identification of meats and commercial meat products from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), partridge (alectoris spp.), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), pigeon (columba spp.), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), and song thrush (turdus philomelos) based on oligonucleotide primers targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial d-loop region. the primers designed generated specific fragments of 96, 100, 104, 106, 147, 127, and 154 ...201020371856
pathogenicity of a quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)-derived marek's disease virus rescued from the qt35 cell line.the qt35 cell line was established in 1977 from methylcholanthrene-induced tumors in japanese quail. it was later shown that at least some of the qt35 cell lines were latently infected with marek's disease (md) virus (mdv). an mdv-like herpesvirus, named quail mdv (qmdv), was isolated from qt35 cells in 2000 by yamaguchi et al. to determine the pathogenicity of qmdv, we inoculated 10-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens with qmdv jm (virulent), rb-1b (very virulent), or 584a (very virulent pl ...201020408411
the effects of selenium supplementation on the spontaneously occurring fibroid tumors of oviduct, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels, and heat shock protein 70 response in japanese quail.oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. spontaneously occurring benign oviduct leiomyomas are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), which makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. since dietary intake of selenium has been associated with a reduced risk of a variety of human cancers, we investigated the effects of selenium supplementati ...201020432170
effects of an active immunization on the immune response of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed with or without genetically modified bacillus thuringiensis-maize.potentially adverse effects of diets containing transgenic plants are a concern for many consumers, particularly in europe. for bacillus thuringiensis-maize, several studies in livestock and poultry showed that the zootechnical data provide no indication for such adverse effects. these studies were all done in homeostatic situations; it remained open whether a deflection of the regulatory physiological systems might yield divergent dynamic responses in b. thuringiensis-maize-fed animals. we ther ...201020460657
effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on egg production and antioxidant status.resveratrol, a polyphenol derived from red grapes, berries, and peanuts, exerts antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on performance and serum and egg yolk antioxidant status in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a total of 150 five-week-old quails were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 200 or 400 mg of resveratrol/kg ...201020460666
role of marek's disease herpesvirus in the induction of tumours in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) by methylcholanthrene.the qt35 cell line, established from 20-methylcholanthrene (mca)-induced tumours in japanese quail, is positive for marek's disease virus (mdv), and therefore we examined whether mdv is important for the development of mca-induced tumours. japanese quail were inoculated with the jm16 strain of mdv at 1 or 3 days of age or left uninoculated. at 3 weeks of age, quail were injected in the breast muscle with 4 mg mca in corn oil or corn oil alone. quail were observed for tumours three times/week and ...201020544424
can museum egg specimens be used for proteomic analyses?abstract:201020630081
epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents lipid peroxidation and enhances antioxidant defense system via modulating hepatic nuclear transcription factors in heat-stressed quails.epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), a polyphenol derived from green tea, exerts antioxidant effects. oxidative stress is one of the consequences of heat stress (hs), which also depresses performance in poultry. this experiment was conducted to elucidate the action mode of egcg in alleviation of oxidative stress in heat-stressed quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a total of 180 five-week-old female japanese quails were reared either at 22°c for 24 h/d (thermoneutral, tn) or 34°c for 8 h/d (hs) fo ...201020852116
quail genomics: a knowledgebase for northern bobwhite.the quail genomics knowledgebase (http://www.quailgenomics.info) has been initiated to share and develop functional genomic data for northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus). this web-based platform has been designed to allow researchers to perform analysis and curate genomic information for this non-model species that has little supporting information in genbank.201020946596
chronic stress and environmental enrichment as opposite factors affecting the immune response in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).procedures in the commercial production of animals involve stressful situations which lessen the animal's welfare. this study on japanese quail evaluated whether an environmental enrichment manipulation can affect avian immune responses and if combined with a chronic stressor exposure can help to counteract the negative effects of stress on the immune system. potential gender effects were also considered. after hatch, half of the birds were housed in non-enriched boxes and half were housed in en ...201021034299
subchronic lead exposure, immunotoxicology and increased disease resistance in japanese quail (corturnix coturnix japonica).the present study investigated the effects of lead (pb) on immune responses in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the pathological impact of exposure to an infectious agent (e. coli o2). fifty-four, 4-week-old quail were exposed to lead acetate in drinking water at 5 or 50ppm. all birds were vaccinated with newcastle vaccine (ndv) during the third week of contaminant (pb) exposure. in the fourth week, several arms of the immune response were tested using the t cell based phytohemagglutinin ( ...201021111478
effects of dietary selenium source, storage time, and temperature on the quality of quail eggs.we report the effects of time of storage, temperature, and supplementation with sodium selenite- and selenium-enriched yeast on the quality of quail eggs. for this study, 90 10-week-old female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) with similar body size were caged individually and randomly divided into five groups of 18 quails each. one group was fed a normal diet and served as control. a second group was supplemented with 0.2 mg/kg sodium selenite (in-se) and three groups supplemented wi ...201021136198
aromatase activity in quail brain: correlation with aggressiveness.testosterone (t) triggers aggressive behavior in males of many vertebrate species; however, the neural and hormonal basis of individual differences in the frequency or intensity of aggressive behavior is still debated. using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), a species in which individuals exhibit a wide range of aggressiveness in nature and the laboratory, together with a newly devised test procedure for quantifying aggressiveness, we recently demonstrated that aggression is estro ...20102909376
immunocytochemical localization of the pancreatic islet cells in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. 20102863411
leukocyte numbers in hemorrhaged japanese quail after microwave irradiation in ovo.1. coturnix coturnix japonica eggs were exposed to 2.45-ghz continuous wave microwave radiation at an incident power density of 5 mw/cm2 (and a specific rate of 4 mw/g) during the first 12 days of embryogeny. after hatching, hematological changes in response to an acute hemorrhage were measured in exposed and nonexposed (control) juveniles of both sexes. 2. exposure did not affect erythroid cell numbers either before or after hemorrhage. 3. exposure affected the recovery of lymphocyte and hetero ...20102887391
reticulocyte numbers in japanese quail chicks.erythrocyte parameters in coturnix coturnix japonica were evaluated daily during the first 2 weeks after hatching. nadirs in total circulating erythrocyte numbers, hematocrit percentages, and hemoglobin concentrations were found during the first 5 days posthatch. reticulocytosis from 4 to 9 days posthatch ameliorated these nadirs until 12 days posthatch, when secondary nadirs appeared. erythropoiesis was indicated by reticulocytosis when hemoglobin levels decreased. reticulocyte maturation was i ...20102881700
light microscopic study on eimeria species infecting japanese quails reared in saudi arabian farms.japanese quails coturnix coturnix japonica reared in economic farms were individually investigated for coccidian infections. the results indicated the absence of infections in birds younger than 1 month. an eimeria infection rate of up to 80% was detected in birds 7-9 weeks old with a general infection rate of 29%. the infection rate decreased to 21.42% in birds older than 10 weeks. morphometric characteristics of freshly shed, unsporulated oocysts were taken. these oocysts appeared pale yellow ...201020422217
expression of calcium-sensing receptor in quail granulosa explants: a key to survival during folliculogenesis.this study investigated the potential role of the calcium-sensing receptor (car) in mediating survival of granulosa cells (gcs) in follicles of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). immunoreactivity of car was shown in gcs of quail preovulatory follicles as well as in the remnants of the gc layer after ovulation. conversely, the car could not be detected by immunocytochemistry in the granulosa of smaller undifferentiated follicles. the presence of car in follicles destined to ovulate ...201020186967
the effect of different foam concentrations on sperm motility in japanese quail.a study was conducted to determine the effect of foam extract on sperm motility in the male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). adult male quails (<12 weeks) of heavy body weight strain were housed in individual cages and divided into 5 groups according to the size of their cloacal glands. the data indicated that the size of the cloacal gland was positively correlated with the frequency of foam secretion and total foam production. one gram of freshly collected clean foam was mixed with ...201021076546
fibroblast growth factor-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the ileocecal region of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).we undertook this study to immunolocalize in quail vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and fibroblast growth factor (fgf-2) in the ileocecal region, which is a significant entry point for intestinal immunity. diffuse cytoplasmic reaction for fgf-2 and vegf was observed in the epithelial cells of the distal ileum and proximal cecal mucosa. vegf immunoreactive cells, which give strong intracytoplasmic immunoreaction, were observed in the lamina propria of both intestinal parts. fgf-2 immunor ...201019824877
age-dependent expression of avt and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3 in the shell gland of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.the avian neurohypophyseal hormone avt is an important regulatory hormone involved in many physiological processes including oviposition; an age-related phenomenon, through its action on the shell gland. in this study, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization was performed to study the expression of immunoreactive (ir) avt and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3 transcript in the ovary/shell gland of japanese quail representing sexually immature, mature and old condition. our results indicate t ...201019505466
the effects of vitamin c and e supplementation on heat shock protein 70 response of ovary and brain in heat-stressed quail.1. the effects of vitamin c (l-ascorbic acid) and vitamin e (alpha-tocopherol acetate) supplementation on egg production and heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) response of ovary and brain in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature were evaluated. 2. the birds (n = 540; 55 d old) were randomly assigned to 18 groups consisting of 3 replicates of 10 birds each in a 2 x 3 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-co ...200919373727
tolerance of japanese quail embryos and young chicks to hypothermia.the purpose of this study was to explore the tolerance of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryos and young quail chicks to a very low ambient temperature. fifty (n = 50) quail embryos at age embryonic age d 6 were placed in a cold room at 13 degrees c for 24 h. the heart rate (hr) was determined with an infrared hr sensor in an instrument called "buddy." after 12 and 24 h, the average body temperature of the embryos was 13 degrees c with an average hr of 8.7 +/- 0.9 beats per minute ...200919359693
mucuna pruriens seed powder feeding influences reproductive conditions and development in japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica.this study was designed to test whether mucuna pruriens, a natural source of l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa, a dopamine precursor) feeding, can influence development and reproductive conditions in the high food value bird, japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. experiments were performed in both male and female japanese quail. one-week-old quail chicks were divided into three groups of 36 birds each. group i was provided with normal diet and served as control. group ii was provided with f ...200922444229
effects of simulated hypo- and hyper-reproductive conditions on the characteristics of circadian rhythm in hypothalamic concentration of serotonin and dopamine and in plasma levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and testosterone in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.in this study, hypo- and hyper-reproductive conditions, as measured by concentrations of plasma testosterone in male japanese quail held on long days ld 16:8, were experimentally simulated with injections of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-htp) and l-dihydroxyphenylalanine, (l-dopa) with 8 h and 12 h phase angle differences between them in intact and melatonin-treated birds. the effects of these treatments were assessed on the characteristics of the circadian rhythm in the hypothalamic concentration of s ...200919142756
genistein supplementation to the quail: effects on egg production and egg yolk genistein, daidzein, and lipid peroxidation levels.genistein, a soy phytoestrogen, is a powerful antioxidant. in the present study, we investigated the effects of dietary genistein supplementation on japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) laying performance and egg yolk contents of malondialdehyde (mda), vitamin a, and vitamin e. malondialdehyde is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, whereas vitamins a and e have antioxidant properties. birds (n=150; 5 wk old) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups consisting of 50 birds (5 replicates of 1 ...200919762866
structure of the oesophagus and morphometric, histochemical-immunohistochemical profiles of the oesophageal gland during the post-hatching period of japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).in the oesophagus, mucins, which originate from oesophageal submucosal glands, play an important role in the mucosal protection as a pre-epithelial barrier. in this study, the structure of cervical and thoracic parts of oesophagus of japanese quail during the post-hatching period was compared, and the contents of carbohydrate and gastric mucin muc5ac of the oesophageal glands in these parts were analysed at the light microscope levels by applying conventional histochemical and immunohistochemica ...200919650777
ultrastructure and lectin cytochemistry of secretory cells in lingual glands of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).in the present study, as continuation of our previous research, japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) lingual glands were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (tem) to understand the cytoarchitecture and the subcellular sugar distribution within the different secretory structures. indeed, glycosidic residues were visualized by applying an indirect technique of binding and the terminal sialoglycoconjugate sequences were characterized by employing sialidase digestion com ...200919609855
effects of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and soy isoflavones supplementation on bone mineralisation of quail.1. the effects of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-oh-d(3)) and soy isoflavones supplementation on performance, carcase recovery, bone mineral density, and tibia ash, ca, p, and serum vitamin d concentrations and alkaline phosphatase activity in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature were evaluated. 2. a total of 270 ten-d-old japanese quail were randomly assigned to 9 treatment groups, 6 replicates of 5 birds each in a 2 x 3 x 3 factorial arrangement of ...200919946824
influence of exogenous prostaglandin e2 and stress on circulating corticosterone concentrations in coturnix.the effects of exogenous prostaglandin e2 (pge2) injections and stress on circulating corticosterone (b) levels in coturnix were determined. adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were subjected to one of four treatments: 1) injected with vehicle; 2) injected with pge2; 3) immobilized for 10 min, followed by vehicle injection; or, 4) immobilized for 10 min, followed by pge2 injection. injections were given intraperitoneally, and blood samples were collected by cardiac stab at 15-min p ...20092813251
meat species identification and halal authentication analysis using mitochondrial dna.a method utilizing pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) in the mitochondrial genes was developed for beef (bos taurus), pork (sus scrofa), buffalo (bubalus bubali), quail (coturnix coturnix), chicken (gallus gallus), goat (capra hircus), rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) species identification and halal authentication. pcr products of 359-bp were successfully obtained from the cyt b gene of these six meats. alui, bsaji, rsai, msei, and bstui enzymes were identified as potential restr ...200920416658
genistein suppresses spontaneous oviduct tumorigenesis in quail.spontaneous leiomyomas of the oviduct are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and laying hens. this makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. genistein has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells. we investigated the effects of genistein supplementation on the development of fibroid tumors in the oviduct, serum oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (mda), 8-isopro ...200920155619
cloning of a novel ovalbumin gene from quail oviduct and its heterologous expression in pichia pastoris.an ovalbumin gene was cloned from chinese quail (coturnix coturnix) oviduct by rt-pcr and then inserted into the p. pastoris genome under the control of the methanol inducible 5' alcohol oxidase (aox) promoter. the recombinant p. pastoris strain was demonstrated to be able to efficiently secrete quail ovalbumin by elisa analysis using a polyclonal antibody raised against quail ovalbumin. the results showed that induction by 0.75% methanol for 48 h led to the synthesis of secreted quail ovalbumin ...200919718678
octopus gonadotrophin-releasing hormone: a multifunctional peptide in the endocrine and nervous systems of the cephalopod.the optic gland, which is analogous to the anterior pituitary in the context of gonadal maturation, is found on the upper posterior edge of the optic tract of the octopus octopus vulgaris. in mature octopus, the optic glands enlarge and secrete a gonadotrophic hormone. a peptide with structural features similar to that of vertebrate gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) was isolated from the brain of octopus and was named oct-gnrh. oct-gnrh showed luteinising hormone-releasing activity in the a ...200919210294
selenium toxicosis assessment (in vivo and in vitro) and the protective role of vitamin b12 in male quail (coturnix coturnix).the present study was undertaken to elucidate the toxicity induced by sodium selenite in male quail through in vivo and in vitro studies and the role played by vitamin b12 in alleviating selenium toxicity. administration of selenite orally for 1 month induced hepatic oxidative damage. selenite decreased body weight gain and increased relative liver weight. selenite reduced hemoglobin and iron concentrations and elevated total bilirubin concentration. serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase ...200921791391
effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters in laying quails.this study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on laying performance, egg traits and some blood parameters of quails. in the experiment a total of 342 japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) aged ten weeks were equally divided into six groups of 57 (three replicates of 19 quails each). six levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%) of dried baker's yeast were included in isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. the experimental period lasted 14 weeks. at the end of the ...200919052896
calcium transport in strongly calcifying laying birds: mechanisms and regulation.birds that lay long clutches (series of eggs laid sequentially before a "pause day"), among them the high-producing, strongly-calcifying gallus gallus domesticus (domestic hen) and coturnix coturnix japonica (japanese quail), transfer about 10% of their total body calcium daily. they appear, therefore, to be the most efficient calcium-transporters among vertebrates. such intensive transport imposes severe demands on ionic calcium (ca2+) homeostasis, and activates at least two extremely effective ...200919118637
vocal control area-related expression of neuropilin-1, plexin-a4, and the ligand semaphorin-3a has implications for the evolution of the avian vocal system.the avian vocal system is a good model for exploring the molecular basis of neural circuit evolution related to behavioral diversity. previously, we conducted a comparative gene expression analysis among two different families of vocal learner, the bengalese finch (lonchura striata var. domestica), a songbird, and the budgerigar (melopsittacus undulatus), a parrot; and a non-learner, the quail (coturnix coturnix), to identify various axon guidance molecules such as cadherin and neuropilin-1 as v ...200919128404
influence of avian reproduction ecotoxicological endpoints in the assessment of plant protection products.the aim of this paper is to examine the statistical relevance of bird species on the endpoints of avian long-term toxicity studies (eggs laid, eggs set, eggs hatching, embryo survivor, 14-day old survivors and eggshell thickness). data from 561 animals of three different species (colinus virginianus, anas platyrynchos and coturnix coturnix japonica) tested with five different pesticides were analyzed in this study. the substances considered were: thiamethoxam (ez-3-(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-ylmeth ...200919130368
molecular cloning and characterization of slc11a1 cdna in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).slc11a1 is one of the most potent candidate genes conferring host's genetic resistance/susceptibility to various antigenically different intracellular pathogens. in this manuscript, we report the cloning and characterization of the complete coding sequence of slc11a1 cdna in japanese quail. the 1680bp of cloned slc11a1 cdna consisted of an open reading frame of 1665bp which coded for a complete protein of 555 amino acid residues. at nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels, japanese quail slc11 ...200919150134
transmission of low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus of subtype h6n2 from chickens to pekin ducks and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).in this experiment we evaluated the transmission characteristics of a chicken-adapted low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (lpaiv) of subtype h6n2, from infected chickens to japanese quail and pekin ducks, which are commonly sold in live bird markets located in southern california. the layout of the cages and bird-handling practices were similar to those found in southern california live bird markets. five out of 20 chickens were inoculated with lpaiv h6n2, and placed in direct contact with f ...200919156581
identification of raw and heat-processed meats from game bird species by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the mitochondrial d-loop region.polymerase chain reaction-rflp analysis has been applied to the identification of meats from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), chukar partridge (alectoris chukar), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), capercaillie (tetrao urogallus), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), and woodpigeon (columba palumbus). polymerase chain reaction amplification was carried out using a set of primers flanking a conserved region of approximately 310 bp f ...200919211540
reproductive responses and nitric oxide activity in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, are altered by specific phase relationships of neural (serotonergic and dopaminergic) oscillations and pineal function.the present study investigates the effects of temporal synergism of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-htp) and l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) and pineal function (pinealectomy and melatonin administration) on gonadal response and nitric oxide (no) activity in japanese quail. three-week-old male quails were divided into 9 groups, as follows: (i) control (treated with normal saline); (ii) 8-h and (iii) 12-h (receiving l-dopa after the administration of 5-htp [5mg/100g body weight] at the interval of 8 and ...200919261427
dynamics of crowing development in the domestic japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).species-specific behaviours gradually emerge, via incomplete patterns, to the final complete adult form. a classical example is birdsong, a learned behaviour ideally suited for studying the neural and molecular substrates of vocal learning. young songbirds gradually transform primitive unstructured vocalizations (subsong, akin to human babbling) into complex, stereotyped sequences of syllables that constitute adult song. in comparison with birdsong, territorial and mating calls of vocal non-lear ...200919324760
serum chemistry reference values in adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) including sex-related differences.serum chemistry reference values may provide useful information about the physical condition of individuals, making them a useful tool in differentiating normal and healthy animals from abnormal or diseased states. for japanese quail that are used for producing eggs and meat for human consumption and also as laboratory animals, we aimed to extend the available array of reference values and to compare 16-wk-old adult male versus female birds. in the present study, clinical chemistry data (albumin ...200919439629
effects of dietary taurine supplementation on growth performance and immune status in growing japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).the effect of dietary taurine was investigated on performance and immune responses in growing (1 to 42 d) japanese quail. one-day-old quails of both sexes (300) were randomly allotted to 12 groups with 25 quails in each group (3 dietary treatments, 4 replicates). they were fed with maize-soybean meal-based diets containing 0, 0.01, or 0.05% taurine for 42 d. dietary 0.01% taurine decreased food intake (p < 0.05) in the starter phase but did not affect bw gain and feed efficiency from d 1 to 42 o ...200919531709
high resistance to lipid peroxidation of bird heart mitochondria and microsomes: effects of mass and maximum lifespan.the aim of this investigation was to study the connection between body size, fatty acid composition and sensitivity to lipid peroxidation of heart mitochondria and microsomes isolated from different size bird species: manon (lonchura striata), quail (coturnix coturnix var japonica), pigeon (columba livia), duck (cairina moschata) and goose (anser anser), representing a 372-fold range of body mass. fatty acids of total lipids were determined using gas chromatography and lipid peroxidation was eva ...200919651227
polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism authentication of raw meats from game birds.polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis has been applied to the identification of meats from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), capercaillie (tetrao urogallus), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), woodpigeon (columba palumbus), and song thrush (turdus philomelos). pcr amplification was performed using a set of primers flanking a conserved region of app ...200819202803
chemoprevention of fibroid tumors by [-]-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in quail.spontaneous leiomyomas of the oviduct are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), and fibroid tumors in the laying hen are similar to human fibroid tumors with respect to estrogen and progesterone receptors. this makes the quail a good animal model for screening potential agents for that aid in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. we have previously reported a decreased incidence of leiomyomas in the oviduct of japanese quail with antioxidant supplementati ...200819083394
absence of donor-derived zona pellucida protein c homolog in the inner perivitelline layer of peking duck (anas platyrhynchos)-japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chimeras (duails).avian blastodermal cells at stage x are used to produce interspecies chimeras for heterogenous poultry reproduction. however, recipient-derived inner perivitelline layer (ipvl)-enclosed donor-derived ova may affect the efficiency of germline transmission via chimera. among the proteins in the ipvl, zona pellucida protein c (zpc) plays an important role in sperm-egg binding and inducing the acrosome reaction. in the present study, peking duck blastodermal cells at stage x were transferred into su ...200818809869
arterial vascularization of the uropygial glands (gl. uropygialis) in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and silver polish (gallus gallus domesticus).this study focused on the morphological characteristics of the uropygial glands of the japanese quail and silver polish, particularly the arterial nourishment. with this respect, coloured-latex injected animals were dissected and their glands and related arteries were observed. the gland in the japanese quail was relatively longer than that in the silver polish. the first caudal segmental arteries in the japanese quail were specialized as the uropygial gland artery while the fourth caudal segmen ...200818162098
origin of adenohypophysial lobes and cells from rathke's pouch in chicken (gallus gallus) and japanese quail (coturniz coturniz japonica). expression of calcium-binding proteins.a histological and immunochemical study of adenohypophysis development in two bird species: chicken (gallus gallus) and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was carried out, focussing firstly morphologically on the origin of its different lobes, then secondly on the differentiation of hormone-producing cells from the adenohypophysial anlage and their involvement in the differentiation of three calcium-binding proteins. the results of the morphological development study show how the origin ...200818215203
functional disorder of the retina in manganese-deficient japanese quail revealed by electroretinography using a contact lens electrode with built-in light source.manganese deficiency results in neurological and skeletal defects, together with ultrastructural disarrangement of the retina in rats. wild birds show a range of mn concentrations in their tissues, including the liver, raising the possibility of mn-related disorders in the wild. electroretinography (erg) provides a useful noninvasive approach to evaluate visual function. this method is especially useful in birds, as objective analysis of them is very difficult, while they have well-developed vis ...200818319573
comparative embryonic development of the skeleton of the domestic turkey (meleagris gallopavo) and other galliform birds.ossification sequences are poorly known for birds in general, even for common domestic and experimental species. such sequences constitute a rich source of data on character evolution, and may even provide phylogenetic information. it is not clear, however, what factors influence ossification sequences and what the relative importance of phylogeny is to the sequences. galliformes constitute a good group to examine these variables. these birds are osteologically conservative, have precocial young ...200818375106
detoxification and oxidative stress responses along with microcystins accumulation in japanese quail exposed to cyanobacterial biomass.the cyanobacterial exposure has been implicated in mass mortalities of wild birds, but information on the actual effects of cyanobacteria on birds in controlled studies is missing. effects on detoxification and antioxidant parameters as well as bioaccumulation of microcystins (mcs) were studied in birds after sub-lethal exposure to natural cyanobacterial biomass. four treatment groups of model species japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were exposed to controlled doses of cyanobacterial ...200818423819
developmental patterning deciphered in avian chimeras.i started my scientific carer by investigating the development of the digestive tract in the laboratory of a well-known embryologist, etienne wolff, then professor at the collège de france. my animal model was the chick embryo. the investigations that i pursued on liver development together with serendipity, led me to devise a cell-marking technique based on the construction of chimeric embryos between two closely related species of birds, the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the ...200818430163
individual and combined effects of fumonisin b1 and moniliformin on clinicopathological and cell-mediated immune response in japanese quail.a total of 390 one-day-old quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into 4 groups (3 replicates per treatment), viz. cx, fx, mx, and fm, containing 75, 105, 105, and 105 birds, respectively. birds in the control group (cx) were fed quail mash alone, whereas birds in group fx were fed 200 ppm of fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) from fusarium verticillioides culture material; group mx was fed 100 ppm of moniliformin (m) from fusarium fujikuroi culture material; and group fm was fed a combinati ...200818492990
effect of rooibos tea (aspalathus linearis) on japanese quail growth, egg production and plasma metabolites.1. birds have been proposed as a suitable model for studies on ageing because of their long life in comparison with similar-sized mammals. however, some weak fliers, such as galliformes, are the exception to this rule. the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the treatment with rooibos tea (aspalathus linearis), a natural source of flavonoid antioxidants and compounds with phyto-oestrogenic activity, on postnatal development and egg production of aged japanese quail (coturnix ...200818210290
growth response to chronic beta agonist feeding and mature carcass characteristics of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected for high and low body densities.a study was conducted to determine the effect of long-term feeding of a beta agonist (cimaterol) on female japanese quail. quail used were from lines selected for high (hd) and low (ld) body density from a randombred population. dietary treatments consisted of 1) the basal feed, 2) the basal feed containing .5 ppm, or 3) 1.0 ppm of the beta agonist. the treatment period for the six experimental groups extended from 14 to 94 days of age. weight gains to 49 days and live weights at 94 days of age ...20082575254
effects of the usage of dried brewing yeast in the diets on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters in quails.this experiment was carried out to determine the effects of the usage of dried brewing yeast in quail diets on laying performance, egg traits and blood parameters. a total of 240 japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 10 weeks were randomly allocated into one control group and three treatment groups. each group was divided into five replicates as subgroups, comprising 12 quails each. dried brewing yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) was used at the levels of 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% in the di ...200822444084
epoxiconazole causes changes in testicular histology and sperm production in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).the fungicide epoxiconazole (epox), a triazole, belongs to the group of azole compounds that are extensively used as fungicides in various fruit crops. the frequent use of agricultural lands for wintering by migrating birds can be the source of their increased dietary intake of agricultural pesticides. we investigated whether exposure to epox causes effects on avian fertility and reproduction, using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) as a model species for the assessment of reproduc ...200818522476
molecular aspects of avian oogenesis and fertilisation.in this paper, we summarise studies which have been carried out on the metabolism of nucleic acids (maternal rna, dna, nucleolytic enzymes) in avian oocytes and embryos (japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica ) within the last 10 years in the institute of genetics and animal breeding of the polish academy of sciences. the accumulation of maternal rna in the quail oocyte during oogenesis is shown and discussed. several individual transcripts were identified in rna from the germinal disc and s ...200818311709
the effects of tomato powder supplementation on performance and lipid peroxidation in quail.recent studies have suggested a protective role for lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid, in the prevention of stress including environmental stress. tomatoes and tomato products are the major dietary source of lycopene. the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary tomato powder supplementation on the performance and lipid peroxidation of meat in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to a high ambient temperature of 34 degrees c. a total of 180 ten-day ...200818212370
supplementation with organic or inorganic selenium in heat-distressed quail.the present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (se; sodium selenite [na2seo3] or selenomethionine [se-met]) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, levels of malondialdehyde (mda), and se in serum and egg yolk in heat-stressed japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the birds (n = 360; 55 days old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of six replicates of five birds each in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatmen ...200818196210
correlation of nitric oxide (no) activity and gonadal function in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica following temporal phase relation of serotonergic and dopaminergic oscillations.nitric oxide (no), a highly reactive and short-lived radical, is considered to be an important trigger molecule for several physiological mechanisms including gonadotrophin releasing hormone (gnrh) secretion in mammals, although there is no such information in avian literature. on the other hand, specific temporal phase relation of circadian neural (serotonergic and dopaminergic) oscillations is reported to modulate reproductive activity in many avian species including japanese quail. the presen ...200817512145
intensity and duration of corticosterone response to stressful situations in japanese quail divergently selected for tonic immobility.two genotypes of japanese quail have been divergently selected since the 1980s for long (lti) or short (sti) duration of tonic immobility [mills, a.d., faure, j.m., 1991. divergent selection for duration of tonic immobility and social reinstatement behavior in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks. j. comp. psychol. 105(1), 25-38.], an unlearnt catatonic state characteristic of a behavioral fear response ([jones, r.b., 1986. the tonic immobility reaction of the domestic fowl: a revi ...200817586506
epigallocatechin-3-gallate supplementation can improve antioxidant status in stressed quail.1. heat stress causes oxidative stress, which decreases plasma antioxidants in poultry. epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), the most abundant polyphenol in green tea, is a powerful antioxidant against lipid peroxidation. this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary egcg supplementation on performance, carcase characteristics, concentrations of malondialdehyde, lipid peroxidation indicator, vitamins c, e, a, cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose in japanese quail (coturnix cotur ...200818836912
effect of estrogen and its antagonist on the expression of arginine vasotocin (avt) and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3 in the shell gland of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica.avian neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasotocin (avt) is known to regulate shell gland contractility during oviposition. while studying the role of estrogen in the expression and regulation of avt and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, it was observed that the expression of avt and its receptor was not detected in the shell gland of sexually immature japanese quail. however, administration of estrogen to these birds not only stimulates the gro ...200818678266
[prenatal acoustic stimulation and feeding behavior of japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica)].effects of a prenatal rhythmic tone on behavior of japanese quail chicks were studied on the next days after hatching. the acoustically stimulated chicks demonstrated a significantly more frequent following response, feeding reaction and comfortable behavior when hearing the tone as compared with their controls. bandwidths stimulating this or another behavior were determined.200818672521
growth and muscle characteristics of a growth selected line of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), a control line and reciprocal crosses between them.body growth, muscle growth, bone growth, and measurements of muscle fiber area and fiber number were made in a line of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected for high 4 week body weight for 100 generations (line pp), in the control line from which they were derived (line cc), and in genetically equivalent reciprocal crosses (pc and cp) that develop in eggs that differ greatly in weight. there was no difference in body weight or weight of the p. superficialis of newly hatched cc or ...200810885856
the effect of soy isoflavones on egg quality and bone mineralisation during the late laying period of quail.1. soy isoflavones play a role in calcium and bone metabolism. poor egg quality, skeletal abnormalities and architectural deterioration of bone tissue are common problems under hot climate conditions and with increased age in poultry. 2. in this study, we investigated the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation on egg production, egg quality, bone mineral density (bmd), levels of osteocalcin (oc), vitamin d, calcium (ca), phosphorus (p) and alkaline phosphatase (alp) activity in quail (coturni ...200717578700
asymmetry of visually guided sexual behaviour in adult japanese quail (coturnix japonica).sexually active adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were trained to run across either a left- or a right-turning runway to obtain sexual access to a conspecific of the opposite sex. the birds tested with only their right eye in use showed significantly higher latencies to complete the runway task than the birds tested binocularly and those using the left eye. in all of the three experimental conditions, male birds were significantly faster than their female counterparts. generally, ...200717558814
the effects of experimental aflatoxicosis on the exocrine pancreas in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica).the present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of aflatoxin (af) on the exocrine pancreas in quails by means of light and electron microscopy. a total of 30 quails were divided into three groups, each composed of ten animals. total af was incorporated into the diet of these groups, at doses of 0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg of af/kg feed, ppm, respectively. the quails were raised in cages with electrical heating and 24-h lighting for a period of 3 weeks. ad libitum access was provided to fee ...200717486318
a light and electron microscopic study of the limb long bones perichondral ossification in the quail embryo (coturnix coturnix japonica).the perichondral ossification of the limb long bones in the quail embryo is investigated, in this study, by means of light and electron microscopy. longitudinal sections of the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia and fibula stained with haematoxylin-eosin were examined by the light microscope. ultrathin cross sections were selected for the electron microscope as well. light microscopic analysis showed that the ossification began at the same time in the long bones of the wing and leg. at the embr ...200717312922
carbohydrate characterization of quail primordial germ cells during migration and gonadal differentiation.a selection of lectins were used to study changes in the distribution of sugar residues in primordial germ cells (pgcs) during gonadal colonization and differentiation. although the cytochemical characteristics of pgcs have been described in the chick, little is known about such characteristics in other avian species of interest to experimental biology. therefore, we studied embryos of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) by light and laser confocal scanning microscopy, using the qh1 anti ...200717229287
ultrastructure of pancreatic alpha and beta cells in young quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed aflatoxin.the present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of aflatoxin (af) containing diets on alpha and beta cells of the endocrine pancreas in young quails by means of light and electron microscopy. a total of thirty quails were divided into 3 groups, each comprising 10 animals. total af was incorporated into the diet of these groups, at dosages of 0 (control, group 1), 2.5 (group 2), and 5.0 (group 3) mg af/kg feed. the chicks were housed in electrically heated battery cages and exposed ...200718181361
effects of corticosterone treatment on growth, development, and the corticosterone response to handling in young japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).corticosterone, a glucocorticoid secreted during stress responses, has a range of actions that help birds respond to stressors. although effects of corticosterone treatment have been described in several avian species, the impacts of defined increases in plasma corticosterone on early development and on corticosterone stress responses are little known. these issues were addressed by providing quail with different doses of corticosterone in drinking water from days 8 to 38 post-hatch. the cortico ...200717681843
effect of photoperiod and estrogen on expression of arginine vasotocin and its oxytocic-like receptor in the shell gland of the japanese quail.the avian neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasotocin (avt) is an important regulatory hormone involved in many physiological processes including fluid balance, blood pressure regulation, stress responses and reproductive events including oviposition. the mechanisms by which avt stimulates myometrial contraction during oviposition are not well established in birds. in the present study, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to localize avt and the oxytocin-like vt3 receptor in ...200717627858
[effect of accelerations, additional weight load and hypokinesia on protein catabolism in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)].activities of glutamate and xanthine dehydrogenases were measured in four groups of quails (coturnix coturnix japonica): 1) hypodynamic birds which were kept in an area which made 1/4 of the control, 2) birds exposed to an increased weight load, 3) birds exposed to 3g. and 4) control birds. the experimental birds were exposed to the above treatment for 1 to 6 hours a day during 8 days. the birds were fed on a forced basis to eliminate differences in food intake. the activity of glutamate dehydro ...2007839707
visual pigments and oil droplets in genetically manipulated and carotenoid deprived quail: a microspectrophotometric study.the spectral absorbances of visual pigments and retinal oil droplets were studied in three groups of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): an unselected control population and two artificially selected strains that exhibited different early approach preferences between blue and red stimuli. the oil droplets were examined with and without prior carotenoid deprivation. four cone pigments and five oil droplet types were identified, resembling those in other avian species. carotenoid deprivat ...20078351832
sexual-discrimination learning in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica).we investigated how male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) learn through extensive social and sexual experience to discriminate between male and female conspecifics. opportunity for heterosexual copulation was important for this learning, but even extensive copulatory opportunity was not sufficient to produce a sexual discrimination; subjects also required exposure to other males. exposure to females after copulatory opportunity did not produce a sexual discrimination but facilitated i ...20072598621
divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 8. a summary of correlated responses.correlated response data accompanying 19 generations of selection for increased (hw) or decreased (lw) 4-wk bw and increased (hp) or decreased (lp) total plasma p were summarized. similarly, 11 generations of selection of sublines derived from the original lines hw and lp were also analyzed. sublines were maintained through selection of males for increased 4-wk bw and females for the respective high or low plasma p. the randombred control (rbc1) was stable for bw early in egg production, bw chan ...20072235825
agonistic behavior and neurochemistry in grouped japanese quail.aggressive behavior and whole brain neurochemistry were measured in stable and unstable pairs of male coturnix coturnix japonica. aggressive pecking peaked on day 5 of the daily regrouping regime and returned to a basal level on day 14. aggressive behavior was associated with increased brain norepinephrine (ne), dopamine (da), and acetylcholinesterase (ache) in unstable pairs. habituation (12-15 days) and da response to daily regrouping and inanition were inversely related in unstable and stable ...20072881690
energetic trade-offs between immunity and reproduction in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix).we investigated a postulated trade-off between reproduction and immune function by comparing the energetic costs of an immune response with phytohemagglutinin challenge (or injection) in castrated (low testosterone [t]) and intact (high t) japanese quail (coturnix coturnix). intact birds had higher resting metabolic rate (rmr) and significantly lower immune response than castrates. rmr of intact birds did not change in response to an immune challenge, suggesting that maintenance of reproductive ...200717647272
a novel motility pattern in quail spermatozoa with implications for the mechanism of flagellar beating.the spermatozoon of the quail (coturnix coturnix l., var japonica) has a '9+2' flagellum that is unusually long. when it moves in a viscous medium, near to the coverslip, it develops a meander waveform. because of the high viscosity, the meander bends are static in relation to the field of view; bend propagation is therefore manifest as the forward movement of the flagellum through the meander shape. at the same time, the origin of the oscillation typically shifts proximally in a stepwise fashio ...200717561807
gross morphological and histological features of larynx, trachea and syrinx in japanese quail.this study aimed at observing gross morphological and histological characteristics of the larynx, trachea and syrinx in coturnix coturnix japonicum (japanese quail). sixteen mature quails were divided into two groups. eight animals were stained with 0.1% methylene blue for 15 min, followed by 50% and 70% ethyl alcohol solution for gross morphological examination. for the observation of histological characteristics the larynx, trachea and syrinx were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and embedded in para ...200717535355
stable individual profiles of daily timing of migratory restlessness in european quail.temporal characteristics of migratory behavior in birds are usually studied at the species and population levels, and rarely at the individual level. variations among species and populations of the seasonal onset of migratory behavior have been widely investigated, but very little is known about its daily organization or whether birds are conservative in their behavior. the determination of intra- and inter-individual variability is important for the study of genetic variations and can reveal th ...200717453846
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