Publications

study of the cellular retention time and the partial biomass renovation in a fungal decolourisation continuous process.	the long-term continuous decolourisation treatment of the textile dye grey lanaset g (150 mg/l) was carried out in an air-pulsed bed bioreactor with retained pellets of the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor. maximum cellular retention time (crt) was established at 40 days. during this time period, colour reduction remained at 90% and laccase activity was over 400 au/l. higher crts involved operational problems related to biomass conglomerates formed at the top of the bioreactor, which made in ...	2006	16616292
impact of reaction conditions on the laccase-catalyzed conversion of bisphenol a.	the oxidative conversion of aqueous bpa catalyzed by laccase from trametes versicolor was conducted in a closed, temperature-controlled system containing buffer for ph control. the effects of medium ph, buffer concentration, temperature and mediators and the impacts of dissolved wastewater constituents on bpa conversion were investigated. the optimal ph for bpa conversion was approximately 5, with greater than half maximal conversion and good enzyme stability in the range of 4-7. the stability o ...	2006	16122923
estimation of bound and free fractions of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes of wood-rotting fungi pleurotus ostreatus, trametes versicolor and piptoporus betulinus.	liquid cultures with cellulose and solid state fermentation cultures on wheat straw of the white-rot fungi pleurotus ostreatus and trametes versicolor and the brown-rot fungus piptoporus betulinus were assayed for the free and solid fraction-bound activity of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes. the majority of the ligninolytic enzymes laccase and mn peroxidase was detected in the free fraction of p. ostreatus and t. versicolor. the endocleaving enzymes endo-1,4-beta-glucanase, endo-1,4-beta-mannan ...	2006	16125911
evaluation of synthetic dye decolorization capacity in ischnoderma resinosum.	the little studied white rot fungus ischnoderma resinosum was tested for its ability to decolorize seven different synthetic dyes. the strain efficiently decolorized orange g, amaranth, remazol brilliant blue r, cu-phthalocyanin and poly r-478 on agar plates and in liquid culture at a relatively high concentration of 2-4 and 0.5-1 g l(-1), respectively. malachite green and crystal violet were decolorized to a lower extent up to the concentration of 0.1 g l(-1). decolorization capacity of i. resi ...	2006	16491363
purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray study of the fungal laccase from cerrena maxima.	laccases are members of the blue multi-copper oxidase family that oxidize substrate molecules by accepting electrons at a mononuclear copper centre and transferring them to a trinuclear centre. dioxygen binds to the trinuclear centre and, following the transfer of four electrons, is reduced to two molecules of water. crystals of the laccase from cerrena maxima have been obtained and x-ray data were collected to 1.9 a resolution using synchrotron radiation. a preliminary analysis shows that the e ...	2006	17012782
fluorescence spectroscopy: a tool to characterize humic substances in soil colonized by microorganisms?	the ability of eight soil microfungal species, alternaria alternata, clonostachys rosea f. rosea, exophiala cf. salmonis, fusarium cf. coeruleum, fusarium redolens, paecilomyces lilacinus, penicillium canescens and phoma sp., and two known basidiomycete humic acid (ha) degraders, trametes versicolor and phanerochaete chrysosporium, to modify fluorescence properties of fulvic acids (fa) and/or has was determined. effects of minerals and/or glucose on the modifications were examined. fa purified o ...	2006	17004653
fungicides affect the production of extracellular mucilaginous material (ecmm) and the peripheral growth unit (pgu) in two wood-rotting basidiomycetes.	this study shows the effect of two fungicides on the production of extracellular mucilaginous material (ecmm) in two wood-rotting basidiomycetes and identifies a mechanism that might be responsible for the variation observed. increasing concentrations of the fungicides copper sulphate (cuso4) and cyproconazole in the growth medium increased the proportion of ecmm in the biomass of trametes versicolor and gloeophyllum trabeum. these fungicides also caused a reduction in the length of the peripher ...	2006	17008083
complete decolorization of the anthraquinone dye reactive blue 5 by the concerted action of two peroxidases from thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1.	it is useful to identify and examine organisms that may prove useful for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. here, we report the purification and characterization of a new versatile peroxidase (vp) from the decolorizing microbe, thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 (tcvp1). the purified tcvp1 after mono p column chromatography showed a single band at 43 kda on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. amino acid sequencing revealed that the n terminus of tcvp1 had the highest ...	2006	16944133
optimization and modeling of laccase production by trametes versicolor in a bioreactor using statistical experimental design.	experimental design and response surface methodologies were applied to optimize laccase production by trametes versicolor in a bioreactor. the effects of three factors, initial glucose concentration (0 and 9 g/l), agitation (100 and 180 rpm), and ph (3.0 and 5.0), were evaluated to identify the significant effects and its interactions in the laccase production. the ph of the medium was found to be the most important factor, followed by initial glucose concentration and the interaction of both fa ...	2006	16960282
induction of cell cycle changes and modulation of apoptogenic/anti-apoptotic and extracellular signaling regulatory protein expression by water extracts of i'm-yunity (psp).	i'm-yunity (psp) is a mushroom extract derived from deep-layer cultivated mycelia of the patented cov-1 strain of coriolus versicolor (cv), which contains as its main bioactive ingredient a family of polysaccharo-peptide with heterogeneous charge properties and molecular sizes. i'm-yunity (psp) is used as a dietary supplement by cancer patients and by individuals diagnosed with various chronic diseases. laboratory studies have shown that i'm-yunity (psp) enhances immune functions and also modula ...	2006	16965632
partial purification of proteinase k inhibitors from liquid-cultured mycelia of the white rot basidiomycete trametes versicolor.	novel protease inhibitors were isolated from liquid-cultured mycelia of the white rot fungus trametes versicolor. two bands of antiproteinase k activity, tvpi-a and tvpi-b, were detected in the crude cell extract by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). proteins corresponding to tvpi-a were purified by heat treatment, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-page demonstrated the presence of three proteins with molecular masses of 14.5, 16.6, an ...	2006	16972136
treatment of toxic industrial wastewater in fluidized and fixed-bed batch reactors with trametes versicolor: influence of immobilisation.	this work presents the results obtained in the treatment of industrial pulp mill wastewater (black liquor) with the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor immobilised in nylon and polyurethane foam cubes. reductions in colour (36%), aromatic compounds (54%) and toxicity (3.15 times reduction of the initial value) were obtained when the fungus was immobilised in nylon and good toxicity reduction (5.7-fold reduction of the initial value) when polyurethane foam was used. these results were compared w ...	2006	16972380
shifting the optimal ph of activity for a laccase from the fungus trametes versicolor by structure-based mutagenesis.	laccases are oxidizing enzymes of interest because of their potential environmental and industrial applications. we performed site-directed mutagenesis of a laccase produced by trametes versicolor in order to improve its catalytic properties. considering a strong interaction of the asp residue in position 206 with the substrate xylidine, we replaced it with glu, ala or asn, expressed the mutant enzymes in the yeast yarrowia lipolytica and assayed the transformation of phenolic and non-phenolic s ...	2006	16368720
determination of laccase gene expression during degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and its catabolic intermediates in trametes versicolor.	we have cloned a laccase gene fragment isolated from a trametes versicolor strain in korea. it showed high similarity in nucleotide sequences when compared with other fungal laccases. tnt (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), a widely used explosive, was transformed rapidly by t. versicolor. when tnt and its catabolic intermediates were added to the fungal culture, they were transformed during the first few hours and the expression level of the laccase gene was increased during the early stage of cultivation ...	2006	16427260
evaluation of cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of coriolus versicolor and funalia trogii extracts on mammalian cells.	this study examined the in vitro cytotoxic activities of standardized aqueous bioactive extracts prepared from coriolus versicolor and funalia trogiiatcc 200800 on hela and fibroblast cell lines using a mtt (3-[4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-]-2-5-difeniltetrazolium bromide) cytotoxicity assay. f. trogii and c. versicolor extracts were cytotoxic to both cell lines. at 10 microl treatment level, f. trogii and c. versicolor extracts inhibited proliferation of hela cancer cells by 71.5% and 45%, respectively, ...	2006	16455591
influence of agitation on the removal of nonylphenol by the white-rot fungi trametes versicolor and bjerkandera sp. bol 13.	bjerkandera sp. bol 13 removed 95% of nonylphenol (at 9.7 mg nonylphenol l(-1) day(-1)) from aqueous medium after 5 days of incubation in agitated cultures. this removal rate decreased 2.5-fold in static cultures. by comparison, trametes versicolor removed nonylphenol at 2.8 mg l(-1) day(-1) under conditions of static incubation, probably due to the action of laccase, but no growth was recorded in the agitated bottles.	2006	16489489
novel aerobic perchloroethylene degradation by the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor.	perchloroethylene (pce) is one of the most important groundwater pollutants around the world. it is a suspected carcinogen and is believed to be recalcitrant to microbial degradation. we report here, for the first time, aerobic degradation of pce by the white rot fungus, trametes versicolor, to less hazardous products. aerobic degradation rate of pce was 0.20 and 0.28 nmol h(-1) mg(-1) dry weight of fungal biomass. trichloroacetic acid (tca) was identified as the main intermediate using [2-13c]- ...	2006	17256530
role of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole in oxidation by laccase from trametes versicolor. kinetic analysis of the laccase-1-hydroxybenzotriazole couple.	in the current studies, we used lineweaver-burke analysis to examine the role of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (hbt) in the oxidation of various compounds by laccase from trametes versicolor. at low concentrations, hbt was a competitive inhibitor of the oxidation, but at high concentrations, it was a noncompetitive inhibitor. analysis of the oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by the laccase-hbt couple showed that increasing the concentration of ferrocytochrome c did not affect the v(max) but reduced the ap ...	2006	17038050
biocontrol of wood-rotting fungi with streptomyces violaceusniger xl-2.	during the previous decade, chitinases have received increased attention because of their wide range of applications. chito-oligomers produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin have been of interest in recent years because of their broad applications in medical, agricultural, and industrial applications, such as antibacterial, antifungal, hypo cholesterolemic, and antihypertensive activity, and as food quality enhancer. fungal cell walls being rich in chitin also enable the use of chitinases in ...	2006	17110971
sequential batch culture studies for the decolorisation of reactive dye by coriolus versicolor.	the white rot fungus coriolus versicolor could decolorise reactive dye remazol brilliant violet to almost 90%. the fungal mycelia removed color as well as cod up to 95% and 75%, respectively, in a batch reactor. decolorising activity was observed during the repeated reuse of the fungus. it was possible to substantially increase the dye decolorising activity of the fungus by carefully selecting the operational conditions such as media composition, age of fungus and nitrogen source. the fungal pel ...	2006	15882943
effects of different fungal elicitors on growth, total carotenoids and astaxanthin formation by xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.	six fungal elicitors prepared from rhodotorula rubra, rhodotorula glutinis, panus conchatus, coriolus versicolor, mucor mucedo, mortieralla alpina m-23 were examined to determine their effects on the growth, total carotenoids and astaxanthin formation by xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous. the results showed that different fungal elicitor could cause diversely stimulating effects. among the fungal elicitors tested, the m. mucedo elicitor concentration of 30 mg l(-1) promoted the biomass and total car ...	2006	16154499
chemical polymorphism and antifungal activity of essential oils from leaves of different provenances of indigenous cinnamon (cinnamomum osmophloeum).	the essential oils isolated from nine geographical provenances of indigenous cinnamon (cinnamomum osmophloeum kaneh.) leaves were examined by gc-ms and their chemical constituents were compared. according to gc-ms and cluster analyses the leaf essential oils of the nine provenances and their relative contents were classified into six chemotypes-cinnamaldehyde type, cinnamaldehyde/cinnamyl acetate type, cinnamyl acetate type, linalool type, camphor type and mixed type. in addition, the antifungal ...	2006	16171686
polysaccharide peptides from cov-1 strain of coriolus versicolor induce hyperalgesia via inflammatory mediator release in the mouse.	polysaccharide peptide (psp), isolated from coriolus versicolor cov-1, has been widely used as an adjunct to cancer chemotherapy and as an immuno-stimulator in china. in this study, the anti-nociceptive effects of psp were investigated in two different pain models in the mouse. in the acetic acid-induced writhing model, initial studies showed that psp decreased the number of acetic acid-induced writhing by 92.9%, which, by definition, would constitute an analgesic effect. however, further studie ...	2006	16310221
trametes versicolor: a possible tool for aflatoxin control.	the genotoxic, mutagenic and cancerogenic aflatoxins produced by aspergillus parasiticus are not yet efficiently controlled besides the increasing researches on this topic. aflatoxin production by a. parasiticus is related to oxidative stress and some antioxidants can inhibit their production. some basidiomycetes as trametes versicolor used as "healing mushrooms" present beta-glucans and glycoproteins which are responsible for the stimulation of the host immune response. in this work t. versicol ...	2006	16337299
kinetic model of laccase-catalyzed oxidation of aqueous phenol.	laccase from trametes versicolor (ec 1.10.3.2) catalyzes the oxidation of aqueous phenol by oxygen and has demonstrated good potential for applications in various industrial and environmental processes. a kinetic model of this system has been developed to facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms and rate-limiting steps of enzyme-catalyzed transformation and to eventually assist in the choice and design of suitable reactor systems. a kinetic model was derived based on the differential ...	2005	15889399
differential anti-tumor activity of coriolus versicolor (yunzhi) extract through p53- and/or bcl-2-dependent apoptotic pathway in human breast cancer cells.	coriolus versicolor (cv), also called yunzhi, has been demonstrated to exert anti-tumor effects on various types of cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. the present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anti-tumor activity of a standardized aqueous ethanol extract prepared from cv on four breast cancer cell lines using mtt assay, and test whether the mechanism involves apoptosis induction and modulation of p53 and bcl-2 protein expressions using cell death det ...	2005	15908782
the cell death process of the anticancer agent polysaccharide-peptide (psp) in human promyelocytic leukemic hl-60 cells.	the polysaccharide peptide (psp) isolated from the mycelia of chinese medicinal fungus coriolus versicolor has proven benefits in clinical trials in china but the mechanism of action has not been elucidated. in this study, hl-60 cell line was used to investigate the anti-proliferation and cell death process of psp. the cytotoxicity of psp on normal human t-lymphocytes was also evaluated. we show that psp induced apoptosis of human promyelocytic leukemia hl-60 cells but not of normal human t-lymp ...	2005	15870943
degradation of nitrocellulose by fungi.	three lignocellulolytic fungi, trametes versicolor, pleurotus ostreatus, and coprinus cinereus, and two cellulolytic fungi trichoderma reesei and chaetomium elatum were tested for their ability to degrade nitrocellulose. they were provided with different carbon and nitrogen sources in liquid cultures. nitrocellulose (n content above 12%) was added as nitrogen source (in solution in acetone) alongside amino acids or as sole n source. either starch or carboxy-methyl cellulose were provided as carb ...	2005	15865147
biosensor for the determination of phenols based on cross-linked enzyme crystals (clec) of laccase.	cross-linked enzyme crystals (clecs) are a versatile form of biocatalyst that can also be used for biosensor application. laccase from trametes versicolor (e.c.1.10.3.2) was crystallized, cross-linked and lyophilized with beta-cyclodextrin. the clec laccase was found to be highly active towards phenols like 2-amino phenol, guaiacol, catechol, pyrogallol, catechin and abts (non-phenolic). the clec laccase was embedded in 30% polyvinylpropylidone (pvp) gel and mounted into an electrode to make the ...	2005	15967371
fungal degradation of calcium-, lead- and silicon-bearing minerals.	the aim of this study was to examine nutritional influence on the ability of selected filamentous fungi to mediate biogenic weathering of the minerals, apatite, galena and obsidian in order to provide further understanding of the roles of fungi as biogeochemical agents, particularly in relation to the cycling of metals and associated elements found in minerals. the impact of three organic acid producing fungi (aspergillus niger, serpula himantioides and trametes versicolor) on apatite, galena an ...	2005	15984571
inhibition of laccase activity from trametes versicolor by heavy metals and organic compounds.	due to the numerous biotechnological applications of laccase enzyme, it is essential to know the influence of different agents usually present in the natural environment on its enzymatic action, especially for in situ treatment technologies. in the present work, a simple and rapid method to determine the inhibitory or inducer effect of different compounds on laccase activity was developed. the compounds tested were copper-chelating agents and heavy metals. it was found that using syringaldazine ...	2005	15993161
molecular cloning of the cdna encoding laccase from trametes versicolor and heterologous expression in pichia methanolica.	a cdna encoding for laccase was isolated from the ligninolytic fungus trametes versicolor by rna-pcr. the cdna corresponds to the gene lcc1, which encodes a laccase isoenzyme of 498 amino acid residues preceded by a 22-residue signal peptide. the lcc1 cdna was cloned into the vectors pmeta and pmetalphaa and expressed in pichia methanolica. the laccase activity obtained with the saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-factor signal peptide was found to be twofold higher than that obtained with the native ...	2005	15834713
oligomeric compounds formed from 2,5-xylidine (2,5-dimethylaniline) are potent enhancers of laccase production in trametes versicolor atcc 32745.	numerous chemicals, including the xenobiotic 2,5-xylidine, are known to induce laccase production in fungi. the present study was conducted to determine whether the metabolites formed from 2,5-xylidine by fungi could enhance laccase activity. we used purified laccases to transform the chemical and then we separated the metabolites, identified their chemical structure and assayed their effect on enzyme activity in liquid cultures of trametes. versicolor. we identified 13 oligomers formed from 2,5 ...	2005	15647931
transgenic tobacco expressing fungal laccase promotes the detoxification of environmental pollutants.	the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with organic pollutants offers a low-cost method for removal of such pollutants. we have attempted to enhance the environmental decontamination functions of plants by introducing appropriate enzymatic activities from microorganisms. in the present study, we introduced an extracellular fungal enzyme, the laccase of coriolus versicolor, into tobacco plants. one transgenic plant, designated fl4, produced laccase that was secreted into the rhizosphere. fl4 ...	2005	15549288
fourier transform infrared microscopy and imaging: detection of fungi in wood.	ftir microscopy was used to detect and discriminate the two wood decaying fungi trametes versicolor and schizophyllum commune in experimentally infected beech wood blocks. the distribution of fungal mycelium in wood was locally resolved and semiquantitatively recorded using ftir microscopy combined with a focal plane array detector and image analysis. cluster analysis revealed major differences between ftir spectra recorded from wood fibers and empty vessel lumina and spectra from mycelium of bo ...	2005	16098775
laboratory study of inocula production for composting processes.	six ligno-cellulolytic fungi were tested regarding to examine their capability to grow on agricultural wastes and produce inocula for composting. two residues were used: pepper plant wastes and almond shell residues. results showed the latter as the most adequate substrate for growth of fungi tested. on the contrary, trichoderma koningii, as well as hlc1 and hlc3, both fungi isolated from almond shell wastes, were able to persist in pepper plant wastes. modifications of aeration and ph significa ...	2005	15607193
antifungal activities of essential oils and their constituents from indigenous cinnamon (cinnamomum osmophloeum) leaves against wood decay fungi.	cinnamomum osmophloeum kaneh is one of the hardwood species indigenous to taiwan that possesses significant antifungal activity. to examine the antifungal activity of leaf essential oils and dominant constituents from c. osmophloeum, the essential oils of leaves from three clones (a, b, and c) collected from haw-lin experimental forest were extracted and their components analyzed by gas chromatography. results from the antifungal tests demonstrated that the essential oils of both b and c leaves ...	2005	15607195
expression of laccase iiib from the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor in the yeast yarrowia lipolytica for environmental applications.	improvement of the catalytic properties of fungal laccases is a current challenge for the efficient bioremediation of natural media polluted by xenobiotics. we developed the heterologous expression of a laccase from the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor in the yeast yarrowia lipolytica as a first step for enzyme evolution. the full-length cdna consisted of a 1,561-bp open reading frame encoding laciiib, a 499-amino-acid protein and a 21-amino-acid signal peptide. native and yeast secretion si ...	2005	15349699
enzymatic activity, osmotic stress and degradation of pesticide mixtures in soil extract liquid broth inoculated with phanerochaete chrysosporium and trametes versicolor.	in this study we examined the extracellular enzymatic activity of two white rot fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium and trametes versicolor) in a soil extract broth in relation to differential degradation of a mixture of different concentrations (0-30 p.p.m.) of simazine, dieldrin and trifluralin under different osmotic stress (-0.7 and -2.8 mpa) and quantified enzyme production, relevant to p and n release (phosphomonoesterase, protease), carbon cycling (beta-glucosidase, cellulase) and laccase ...	2005	15683395
chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils from different tissues of japanese cedar (cryptomeria japonica).	in this study antifungal activities of essential oils from different tissues of japanese cedar (cryptomeria japonica d. don) against four wood decay fungi and six tree pathogenic fungi were investigated. in addition, the yields of essential oils obtained by water distillation were compared and their constituents determined by gc-ms analyses. the yield of essential oils from four tissues of japanese cedar is in the decreasing order of leaf (27.38 ml/kg) > bark (6.31 ml/kg) > heartwood (3.80 ml/kg ...	2005	15686410
phylogenetic and biochemical characterisation of a recombinant laccase from trametes versicolor.	laccases are important enzymes for bioremediation and the best-characterised are from the fungus trametes versicolor. here, we describe the cloning and characterisation of a new variant of laccase from t. versicolor and its expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. we have performed a sequence-based analysis of trametes laccases that leads to a proposal for a new nomenclature of this fungus laccases according to their phylogenetic relationships since their nomenclature based on ips is ambiguous. w ...	2005	15766774
degradation of lignin in pulp mill wastewaters by white-rot fungi on biofilm.	an investigation was conducted to explore the lignin-degrading capacity of attached-growth white-rot fungi. five white-rot fungi, phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus, lentinus edodes, trametes versicolor and s22, grown on a porous plastic media, were individually used to treat black liquor from a pulp and paper mill. over 71% of lignin and 48% of chemical oxygen demand (cod) were removed from the wastewater. several factors, including ph, concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and trace ...	2005	15792583
fungal inoculum properties and its effect on growth and enzyme activity of trametes versicolor in soil.	the effect of fungal inoculum properties on colonization of nonsterile soil by three isolates of the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor was investigated. fungal inoculum properties were examined in separate experiments and were fungal inoculum composition, age of fungal inoculum, concentration of the inoculum and inoculation method. the fungal inoculum composition study compared pine versus poplar sawdust as the basic carrier with varying amounts of corn grit, corn meal and starch. the age of ...	2005	15801774
contribution of manganese peroxidase and laccase to dye decoloration by trametes versicolor.	during dye decoloration by trametes versicolor atcc 20869 in modified kirk's medium, manganese peroxidase (mnp) and laccase were produced, but not lignin peroxidase, cellobiose dehydrogenase or manganese-independent peroxidase. purified mnp decolorized azo dyes [amaranth, reactive black 5 (rb5) and cibacron brilliant yellow] in mn(2+)-dependent reactions but did not decolorize an anthraquinone dye [remazol brilliant blue r (rbbr)]. however, the purified laccase decolorized rbbr five to ten times ...	2005	15834615
evaluation of pretreatment with pleurotus ostreatus for enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw.	the effects of biological pretreatment of rice straw using four white-rot fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium, trametes versicolor, ceriporiopsis subvermispora, and pleurotus ostreatus) were evaluated on the basis of quantitative and structural changes in the components of the pretreated rice straw as well as susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis. of these white-rot fungi, p. ostreatus selectively degraded the lignin fraction of rice straw rather than the holocellulose component. when rice straw ...	2005	16473773
[trypsin-like proteinases and trypsin inhibitors in fruiting bodies of higher fungi].	the activity of trypsin-like proteinases and trypsin inhibitors was measured in fruiting bodies of various species of basidial fungi (basidiomycetes). fruiting bodies of all fungi contained these enzymes, with the exceptions of polypore (coriolus versicolor (fr.) karst) and hedgehog fungus (hericium erinaceus (fr.) quel), belonging to the families polyporaceae and hericiaceae, respectively, in which the enzyme activities were barely detectable. the activity of trypsin-like proteinases was the hi ...	2005	16358748
purification and characterization of laccase from the white rot fungus trametes versicolor.	laccase is one of the ligninolytic enzymes of white rot fungus trametes versicolor 951022, a strain first isolated in korea. this laccase was purified 209-fold from culture fluid with a yield of 6.2% using ethanol precipitation, deae-sepharose, phenyl-sepharose, and sephadex g-100 chromatography. t. versicolor 951022 excretes a single monomeric laccase showing a high specific activity of 91,443 u/mg for 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (abts) as a substrate. the enzyme has ...	2005	16410773
cloning of a manganese peroxidase cdna gene repressed by manganese in trametes versicolor.	white-rot fungi have the following enzyme systems for lignin degradation: laccase, lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase. there are other types of peroxidases related to lignin degradation, one of which we have cloned a cdna gene of manganese-repressed peroxidase (mrp) in trametes versicolor isolated in south korea. the mrp transcript level has been decreased by 1 micrometer of mn(2+).	2005	16410775
nutrient movement and mycelial reorganization in established systems of phanerochaete velutina, following arrival of colonized wood resources.	the effect of arrival of wood resources, pre-colonized by coriolus versicolor, phlebia radiata, stereum hirsutum, and vuilleminia comedens, on mycelial systems of phanerochaete velutina was studied in trays of nonsterile soil in the laboratory over 5 months. morphological responses were quantified non-destructively using image analysis. in a parallel series of experiments, nutrient movement was also quantified non-destructively using (32)p monitoring with a scintillation probe and subsequently b ...	2005	16211328
formulation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of combining dna repair and immune enhancing nutritional supplements.	combining nutritional supplements to achieve synergistic benefit is a common practice in the nutraceutical industry. however, establishing added health benefit from a combination of natural ingredients is often assumed, untested and without regard to the principle of metabolic competition between the active components. here, we report on the combination of a cat's claw water extract (c-med-100, carboxy alkyl esters = active ingredients) + medicinal mushroom extracts (cordyceps sinensis, grifola ...	2005	15898702
decoloration of textile dyes by alginate-immobilized trametes versicolor.	alginate-immobilized trametes versicolor decolorized amaranth at similar rates in repeated batch culture when the dye was present in either (i) modified kirk's medium containing 0.22 gl(-1) ammonium tartrate, (ii) the same buffer, thiamine, trace elements and glucose concentrations as in the modified kirk's medium, or (iii) glucose alone at either 1, 5 or 10 gl(-1). with glucose alone (0.5 gl(-1)), amaranth, reactive black 5, reactive blue 19 and direct black 22 had first-order decoloration rate ...	2005	15878190
nonisothermal bioreactors in the treatment of vegetation waters from olive oil: laccase versus syringic acid as bioremediation model.	laccase from trametes versicolor was immobilized by diazotization on a nylon membrane grafted with glycidil methacrylate, using phenylenediamine as spacer and coupling agent. the behavior of these enzyme derivatives was studied under isothermal and nonisothermal conditions by using syringic acid as substrate, in view of the employment of these membranes in processes of detoxification of vegetation waters from olive oil mills. the ph and temperature dependence of catalytic activity under isotherm ...	2005	15932260
induction of s phase cell arrest and caspase activation by polysaccharide peptide isolated from coriolus versicolor enhanced the cell cycle dependent activity and apoptotic cell death of doxorubicin and etoposide, but not cytarabine in hl-60 cells.	activation of the cell death program (apoptosis) is a strategy for the treatment of human cancer, and unfortunately a large number of drugs identified as cell cycle-specific agents for killing cancer cells are also toxic to normal cells. the present study demonstrates that the polysaccharide peptide (psp) extracted from the chinese medicinal mushroom, coriolus versicolor, used in combination therapy in china, has the ability to lower the cytotoxicity of certain anti-leukemic drugs via their inte ...	2005	15944782
inhibition and stimulation effects in communities of wood decay fungi: exudates from colonized wood influence growth by other species.	the effects of exudates from uncolonized and from partly decayed beech wood on the extension rates of 16 later stage decay fungi were investigated. the partly decayed wood had been colonized by the pyrenomycete eutypa spinosa, or the basidiomycetes fomes fomentarius, stereum hirsutum, and trametes versicolor, all known as common early decay agents in european beech forests. sterilized wood pieces were placed onto 0.5% malt agar, opposite to small agar plugs containing the test fungi. the latter ...	2005	16003479
molecular characterization of coriolus versicolor psp-induced apoptosis in human promyelotic leukemic hl-60 cells using cdna microarray.	proteins and peptide bound polysaccharides (psp) extracted from basidiomycetous fungi are widely used in cancer immunotherapy and recently demonstrated to induce apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro. in order to provide the molecular pharmacological mechanisms of psp on human cancer cells, we investigated the gene expression profiles of psp-treated apoptotic human promyelotic leukemic hl-60 cells using resgen 40k image printed cdna microarray. in total 378 and 111 transcripts were identified as di ...	2005	16010435
molecular characterisation of a versatile peroxidase from a bjerkandera strain.	the cloning and sequencing of the rbpa gene coding for a versatile peroxidase from a novel bjerkandera strain is hereby reported. the 1777 bp isolated fragment contained a 1698 bp peroxidase-encoding gene, interrupted by 11 introns. the 367 amino acid-deduced sequence includes a 27 amino acid-signal peptide. the molecular model, built via homology modelling with crystal structures of four fungal peroxidases, highlighted the amino acid residues putatively involved in manganese binding and aromati ...	2005	16026883
immunomodulatory activities of yunzhi and danshen in post-treatment breast cancer patients.	breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. discomfort and fatigue are usually arisen from anticancer therapy such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or combination therapy, because of the suppressed immunological functions. yunzhi (coriolus versicolor) can modulate various immunological functions in vitro, in vivo, and in human clinical trials. danshen (salvia miltiorrhiza) has been shown to benefit the circulatory system by its vasodilating and anti-de ...	2005	16047556
inhibition of the proteasome strongly affects cadmium stimulated laccase activity in trametes versicolor.	most proteins in eukaryotic cells are degraded by a highly selective non-lysosomal pathway that requires atp and a large multicatalytic proteinase complex known as the 26s proteasome. in the present study, we evaluated the possibility that the proteasome-mediated pathway is involved in the regulation of laccase production by the efficient lignin-degrading basidiomycete trametes versicolor in response to cadmium. these studies were performed using mg132 and lactacystin beta-lactone as specific pr ...	2005	16054528
carbon and nitrogen sources influence the ligninolytic enzyme activity of trametes versicolor.	among carbon sources studied, cellobiose and mannitol provided the highest laccase (lac) activity (648 and 742 u1(-1), respectively) of trametes versicolor 775 while glucose gave maximum manganese peroxidase (mnp) and peroxidase activities (44 and 114 u1(-1), respectively). citrus fruit peel as growth substrate enhanced lac activity 7-fold when compared to the medium with cellobiose, whereas grape vine sawdust increased mnp and peroxidase activity up to 148 and 677 u1(-1), respectively.	2005	16091892
lack of prevention of large intestinal cancer by vps, an extract of coriolus versicolor mushroom.	cancer prevention studies were conducted with vps, a hot water extract of the coriolus versicolor (cv) mushroom, in female swiss mice. the extract was administered in the diet for life to the animals. three groups of mice received the following treatments: a). 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (1,2-dmh) was administered as 10 weekly subcutaneous injections of 20 microg/g body weight, starting at 9 weeks of age; b). vps was given at a 2% dose level starting at 7 weeks of age followed by 1,2-d ...	2005	16097440
the production of extracellular mucilaginous material (ecmm) in two wood-rotting basidiomycetes is affected by growth conditions.	the ability of two wood-decay basidiomycetes to produce extracellular mucilaginous material (ecmm) and its relationship with total biomass production has been investigated. growth and ecmm production by the white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor and the brown-rot fungus gloeophyllum trabeum were assessed in liquid culture under different nutritional and environmental conditions. nutritional, ph and temperature factors all influenced significantly the proportion of ecmm in the total biomass produce ...	2005	16722210
reduction thermodynamics of the t1 cu site in plant and fungal laccases.	the thermodynamic parameters for reduction of the type-1 (t1) copper site in rhus vernicifera and trametes versicolor laccases and for the derivative of the former protein from which the type-2 copper has been selectively removed (t2d) have been determined with uv-vis spectroelectrochemistry. in all cases, the enthalpic term turns out to be the main determinant of the eo' of the t1 site. also the difference between the reduction potentials of the two laccases is enthalpy-based and reflects diffe ...	2005	16231129
[purification and properties of manganese peroxidase from trametes versicolor].	two manganese peroxidase (mnp) active fractions d1 and d2 were got from the extracellular culture of trametes versicolor by using ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae-cellulose de52 chromatography. mnp1 was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the d2 by phenyl sepharose 6 fast flow chromatography and mnp2 was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the d1 by sephacryl s-200hr chromatography and phenyl sepharose 6 fast flow chromatography. the specific activities of two mnp isozymes ...	2005	16342761
degradation of acrylic copolymers by white-rot fungi.	various water-soluble homopolymers and copolymers of acrylamide (aam) and acrylic acid (aa) which contained phenolic sites, such as guaiacol, lignin sulfonate (ls) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-dhba), were tested with regard to their degradability by white-rot fungi. compared with phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus caused a significantly higher decrease in the average molecular weight ( mw) of most of the copolymers and the homopolymer under the applied culture conditions. how ...	2004	15257422
increase of laccase activity during interspecific interactions of white-rot fungi.	white-rot fungi are of interest due to their ability to degrade lignin. lignin-degrading enzymes such as laccase can also degrade xenobiotic compounds. the effects of interspecific interactions between white-rot fungi and other microorganisms on laccase activity was studied in laboratory cultures. laccase activity in cultures of trametes versicolor and pleurotus ostreatus increased significantly after the introduction of soil fungi, bacteria and yeasts or after contact with nonsterile soil. addi ...	2004	19712364
the ability of white-rot fungi to degrade the endocrine-disrupting compound nonylphenol.	phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus, trametes versicolor and bjerkandera sp. bol13 were tested for their ability to degrade the endocrine-disrupting compound nonylphenol at an initial concentration of 100 mg l-1. the highest removals were achieved with t. versicolor and bjerkandera sp. bol13, which were able to degrade 97 mg l-1 and 99 mg l-1 of nonylphenol in 25 days of incubation, respectively. nonylphenol removal was associated with the production of laccase by t. versicolor, but ...	2004	15735968
laccase-catalyzed mediated oxidation of benzyl alcohol: the role of tempo and formation of products including benzonitrile studied by nanoelectrospray ionization fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.	substituted benzyl alcohol was oxidized enzymatically with a laccase-mediator system and the products were investigated as a function of time by nanoelectrospray ionization fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (nanoesi-fticrms). with trametes versicolor laccase (tvl), the mediator, 2,2',6,6'-tetramethylpiperidine-n-oxyl radical (tempo), undergoes oxidation and forms oxoammonium ion. oxidized tempo oxidizes the alcohol and is simultaneously reduced to the n-oh form. the lac ...	2004	15468136
overproduction of recombinant laccase using a homologous expression system in coriolus versicolor.	one of the major extracellular enzymes of the white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor is laccase, which is involved in the degradation of lignin. we constructed a homologous system for the expression of a gene for laccase iii (cvl3) in c. versicolor, using a chimeric laccase gene driven by the promoter of a gene for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) from this fungus. we transformed c. versicolor successfully by introducing both a gene for hygromycin b phosphotransferase (hph) and the c ...	2004	15480638
antitermitic and antifungal activities of essential oil of calocedrus formosana leaf and its composition.	calocedrus formosana florin (cupressaceae) is an endemic tree species in taiwan; its timber is recognized for natural decay resistance. to examine the antitermitic and antifungal activities of leaf essential oil and its main constituents, c. formosana leaves were extracted and the essential oils analyzed by gc-ms. bioactivity tests against the termite coptotermes formosanus demonstrate that the lc50 value of leaf essential oil is 27.6 mg/g. furthermore, exposure to t-muurolol caused 100% mortali ...	2004	15609830
decolorization of dyes from textile wastewater by trametes versicolor.	the white rot fungus trametes versicolor was applied to the decolourisation of three synthetic textile dyes in the presence and absence of glucose. different initial dye concentrations were tested and approximately 97% decolourisation was achieved. it was found that fungal metabolism induced by the glucose as well as the ph play an important role in the decolourisation process. this treatment was also applied to a real wastewater from a textile industry-dyeing sector leading to 92% decolourisati ...	2004	15617445
a quantitative structure-antifungal activity relationship study of oxygenated aromatic essential oil compounds using data structuring and pls regression analysis.	twenty two oxygenated aromatic essential oil compounds were chosen for the study of the antifungal activity against two wood-decaying fungi, the white-rot trametes versicolor, which mainly metabolizes lignin, and the brown-rot coniophoha puteana, which digests cellulose in plant cell walls. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined by the agar dilution method, using dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) as the solvent for the selected compounds and potato-dextrose agar (pda) as the growth med ...	2004	14689256
copper dissociation as a mechanism of fungal laccase denaturation by humic acid.	effects of humic acid on removal of hydroxy polychlorobiphenyls (pcbs) with laccase from trametes versicolor were studied. in the absence of humic acid, hydroxy pcbs were rapidly degraded by laccase. however, the rate constants decreased with increasing humic acid concentration, the reactions being completely inhibited at 150 mg l(-1) of humic acid. peroxidase from arthromyces ramosus was not inhibited by the same treatment. the activity of humic acid-deactivated laccase was completely restored ...	2004	14564487
biologically active compounds from aphyllophorales (polypore) fungi.	this review describes biologically active natural products isolated from aphyllophorales, many of which are known as polypores. polypores are a large group of terrestrial fungi of the phylum basdiomycota (basidiomycetes), and they along with certain ascomycota are a major source of pharmacologically active substances. there are about 25 000 species of basidiomycetes, of which about 500 are members of the aphyllophorales, a polyphyletic group that contains the polypores. many of these fungi have ...	2004	14987072
immunomodulatory effects of yun zhi and danshen capsules in health subjects--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.	immunostimulating polysaccharides extracted from the chinese medicinal plant yun zhi (coriolus versicolor) have been found to enhance various immunological functions, and danshen (salvia miltiorrhiza) to show beneficial effects on the circulatory system. in the present clinical study, we investigated if regular consumption of yun zhi and danshen capsules could improve cellular immunity in healthy subjects. one hundred healthy subjects were recruited to take yun zhi (50 mg/kg body weight) plus da ...	2004	14996412
effect of psk on the maturation of dendritic cells derived from human peripheral blood monocytes.	dendritic cells (dcs) are powerful antigen-presenting cells (apcs) that have attracted attention in recent years from the viewpoint of dc vaccine therapy against cancer. however, the existence of a strongly immunosuppressed state in cancer-bearing individuals inhibits dc maturation, which is one of the problems facing anti-cancer dc vaccine therapy. protein-bound polysaccharide k (psk), which is extracted from the cultured mycelium of coriolus versicolor (fr.) quél, is used as an anti-cancer age ...	2004	15019294
decoloration of a carpet dye effluent using trametes versicolor.	although a non-sterile, undiluted carpet dye effluent (containing two anthraquinone dyes) did not support growth of trametes versicolor, the pre-grown fungus removed 95% of its color in shake-flasks after 10 h of incubation. after decoloration, the cod of the cell-free supernatant increased and the toxicity was unchanged as determined by the microtox assay using vibrio fischeri. decoloration rates decreased when either glucose alone or mn2+ and glucose were added. t. versicolor, immobilized on j ...	2004	15049362
real-time pcr analysis of carbon catabolite repression of cellobiose dehydrogenase gene transcription in trametes versicolor.	cellobiose dehydrogenase production in trametes versicolor is repressed when additional carbon sources, such as glucose, maltose, galactose, arabinose, and xylose, are added to the fungal cultures growing on cellulose. real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction has been used to demonstrate that the addition of galactose, arabinose, and xylose results in 19-, 92-, and 114-fold reductions, respectively, in cdh transcript levels 96 h post-addition. glucose exhibits the g ...	2004	15052313
different proportions of laccase isoenzymes produced by submerged cultures of trametes versicolor grown on lignocellulosic wastes.	the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor grown in submerged culture produced two laccase isoenzymes, laci and lacii. addition of insoluble lignocellulosic materials into the culture medium increased the total laccase activity. the proportion of laccase isoenzymes also changed depending on the lignocellulosic material employed, with ratios of activity lacii/laci from 0.9 (barley straw) to 4.4 (grape stalks). besides, this proportion played an important role in the dye decolourisation.	2004	15055770
biodecolorization of azo, anthraquinonic and triphenylmethane dyes by white-rot fungi and a laccase-secreting engineered strain.	one laccase-secreting engineered strain and four white-rot fungi were tested for their capacity to decolorize nine dyes that could be classified as azo, anthraquinonic and triphenylmethane dyes. trametes versicolor was the most efficient of the tested strains under these experimental conditions. anthraquinonic dyes were decolorized more easily than the other two types. small structural differences among the dyes could significantly affect decolorization. none of the strains showed lignin peroxid ...	2004	15069603
mechanism of textile metal dye biotransformation by trametes versicolor.	the biodegradation of grey lanaset g, which consists of a mixture of metal complexed dye, was studied. experiments were carried out in a bioreactor with retained pellets of the fungus trametes versicolor that was operated under conditions of laccase production. although decolorization was highly efficient (90%), no direct relationship to extracellular enzyme was apparent. moreover, the extracellular enzyme was found to be unable to degrade the dye in vitro. the process involves several steps. th ...	2004	15087198
fungal laccase-catalyzed degradation of hydroxy polychlorinated biphenyls.	hydroxy polychlorinated biphenyls (hydroxy pcbs) are toxic metabolites of pcbs. their toxicity such as strong endocrine disruption demands effective remediation methods. laccases from trametes versicolor and pleurotus ostreatus were tested to degrade hydroxy pcbs. optimum phs for both enzymes were around 4.0. laccase from t. versicolor degrades hydroxy pcbs more rapidly than that from p. ostreatus. the enzymatic activities remained little changes in up to 10% organic solvents, but decreased rapi ...	2004	15109876
sequence polymorphism and molecular characterization of laccase genes of the conifer pathogen heterobasidion annosum.	the oxidizing enzyme laccase produced by many fungi is generally considered to be active in the biodegradation of lignin, a major plant cell wall component highly resistant to microbial attack. the enzyme is secreted at high levels by the p-type of the highly aggressive pathogen heterobasidion annosum, but at much lower levels by the s-type which correlated with their varying wood decay capability. to investigate the evolutionary relationship between laccase genes of the different h. annosum typ ...	2004	15119350
growth substrate selection and biodegradation of pcp by new zealand white-rot fungi.	nine new zealand native white-rot fungi were studied for their ability to grow and survive on different substrates formulated from bark, wheat straw, sawdust, apple pomace and maize products in order to identify their pentachlorophenol (pcp) biodegradation potential and to select a fungal carrier for bioaugmentation of polluted soils. isolates were also evaluated to mineralize (14)c-pcp in liquid culture and in soil. the american fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium outgrew the native fungi on the ...	2004	15217724
degradation of toluene and benzene by trametes versicolor.	in this study, biological degradation of non-polar monoaromatic compounds, benzene and toluene, by one of the white rot fungi, namely trametes versicolor was analyzed and the biomass formed was determined. the studies were carried out in mediums which contain basic nutrients in certain amounts, toluene and benzene at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 250 and 350 mg/l, ph at 5, temperature at 28 degrees c and rpm at 150. within an incubation period of 48 hours, it was observed that, removal was com ...	2004	15303700
the effect of nitrogen supplementation on the efficiency of colour and cod removal by malaysian white-rot fungi in textile dyeing effluent.	white-rot fungi, namely coriolus versicolor and schizophyllum commune, were studied for the biodecolorization of textile dyeing effluent in shaker-flask experiments. the results showed that c. versicolor was able to achieve 68% color removal after 5 days of treatment while that of s. commune was 88% in 9 days. both fungi achieved the above results in non-sterile condition with diammonium hydrogen phosphate as the nutrient supplement. on the other hand, the best cod removal of 80% was obtained wi ...	2004	15497832
decolorization and degradation of xanthene dyes by a white rot fungus, coriolus versicolor.	the decolorization of six xanthene dyes (conc. 100 microm) by a white rot fungus, coriolus versicolor (c. versicolor), was investigated in liquid culture. the decolorization of fluorescein, 4-aminofluorescein, and 5-aminofluorescein by the fungus was 85.0, 95.0, and 91.9% after 14 days incubation, respectively. however, no decolorization of rhodamine b, rhodamine 123 hydrate, and rhodamine 6g was observed. the first three dyes also were decolorized with cell-free extracts from c. versicolor. the ...	2004	15478930
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation in extracellular fluids and static batch cultures of selected sub-tropical white rot fungi.	four sub-tropical white rot fungi, trametes versicolor, trametes pocas, trametes cingulata and isolate dspm95 were studied alongside the well studied white rot fungus, phanerochaete chrysosporium, for their ability to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) from culture media. both static shallow cultures and extracellular fluids were studied using media contaminated with a defined mixture of the pahs; fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene and benzo(a)anthracene. with all isolates, t ...	2004	15639098
a pcr method for the detection and differentiation of lentinus edodes and trametes versicolor in defined-mixed cultures used for wastewater treatment.	a pcr-based method for the quantitative detection of lentinus edodes and trametes versicolor, two ligninolytic fungi applied for wastewater treatment and bioremediation, was developed. genomic dna was used to optimize a pcr method targeting the conserved copper-binding sequence of laccase genes. the method allowed the quantitative detection and differentiation of these fungi in single and defined-mixed cultures after fractionation of the pcr products by electrophoresis in agarose gels. amplified ...	2004	15586279
an amperometric biosensor for polyphenolic compounds in red wine.	in the present work, a biosensor was developed with laccase coriolus versicolor as the biological reconnaissance element immobilized on derivatized polyethersulphone membranes and applied to a pt-ag, agcl us electrode base. its application to several polyphenols usually found in red wine (caffeic acid, gallic acid, catechin, rutin, trans-resveratrol, quercetin and malvidin) was tested. it was observed that an amperometric response was obtained for catechin at +100 mv (versus ag, agcl) and caffei ...	2004	15556369
integrated biological treatment of recalcitrant effluents from pulp mills.	this work aimed at determining the degree of depuration of a recalcitrant effluent (weak black liquor, wbl) achieved in a series treatment consisting of a first stage methanogenic fluidised bed reactor followed by a second stage aerobic, upflow reactor packed with "biocubes" of trametes versicolor immobilised onto small cubes of holm oak wood. the mesophilic, lab scale methanogenic fluidised bed reactor contained a microbial consortium immobilised onto granular activated carbon 500 microm averag ...	2004	15461409
degradation of phenanthrene by trametes versicolor and its laccase.	phenanthrene is a three-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and commonly found as a pollutant in various environments. degradation of phenanthrene by white rot fungus trametes versicolor 951022 and its laccase, isolated in korea, was investigated. after 36 h of incubation, about 46% and 65% of 100 mg/l of phenanthrene added in shaken and static fungal cultures were removed, respectively. phenanthrene degradation was maximal at ph 6 and the optimal temperature for phenanthrene removal was 30 deg ...	2004	15357301
differential effect of coriolus versicolor (yunzhi) extract on cytokine production by murine lymphocytes in vitro.	being one of the commonly used chinese medicinal herbs, coriolus versicolor (cv), also named as yunzhi, was known to possess both anti-tumor and immunopotentiating activities. the present study aimed to investigate the in vitro immunomodulatory effect of a standardized ethanol-water extract prepared from cv on the proliferation of murine splenic lymphocytes using the mtt assay, and the production of six t helper (th)-related cytokines using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique ...	2004	15351324
fungal polysaccharopeptide inhibits tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth in mice.	angiogenesis is crucial to tumor growth and metastasis, and interruption of this process is a prime avenue for therapeutic intervention of tumor proliferation. the present study has made use of the s180 tumor-bearing mouse model to investigate the polysaccharopeptide, psp, isolated from the edible mushroom coriolus versicolor, a herbal medicine known for its anti-angiogenesis properties. quantitative analysis of microcorrosion casting of the tumor tissue showed more angiogenic features such as d ...	2004	15234192
preliminary evaluation of fungicidal and termiticidal activities of filtrates from biomass slurry fuel production.	biomass slurry fuel (bsf) production has recently been developed as a natural energy for the conversion of solid biomass into fuel. in addition to using fuel, filtrates from bsf production may also serve a chemical source with several organic compounds. there is an increasing interest in the research and application of biomass-based filtrates. in this study, fungicidal and termiticidal properties of filtrates from bsf production using sugi (cryptomeria japonica) and acacia (acacia mangium) wood ...	2004	15207293
cytotoxic activities of coriolus versicolor (yunzhi) extract on human leukemia and lymphoma cells by induction of apoptosis.	coriolus versicolor (cv), also known as yunzhi, is one of the commonly used chinese medicinal herbs. although recent studies have demonstrated its antitumour activities on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, the exact mechanism is not fully elucidated. hence, the objective of this study was to examine the in vitro cytotoxic activities of a standardized aqueous ethanol extract prepared from coriolus versicolor on a b-cell lymphoma (raji) and two human promyelocytic leukemia (hl-60, nb-4) cell line ...	2004	15183073
evaluation of argentinean white rot fungi for their ability to produce lignin-modifying enzymes and decolorize industrial dyes.	the decolorizing capacity of 26 white rot fungi from argentina was investigated. extracellular production of ligninolytic enzymes by mycelium growing on solid malt extract/glucose medium supplemented with different dyes (malachite green, azure b, poly r-478, anthraquinone blue, congo red and xylidine), dye decolorization and the relationship between these two processes were studied. only ten strains decolorized all the dyes, all ten strains produced laccase, lignin peroxidase and manganese perox ...	2004	15158509
bioremediation of paper and pulp mill effluents.	pulp and paper mill effluents pollute water, air and soil, causing a major threat to the environment. several methods have been attempted by various researchers throughout the world for the removal of colour from pulp and paper mill effluents. the biological colour removal process uses several classes of microorganisms--bacteria, algae and fungi--to degrade the polymeric lignin derived chromophoric material. white rot fungi such as phanerochaete chrysosporium, corius versicolor, trametes versico ...	2003	15332490
treatment of cancer with mushroom products.	cancer has been attributed to 3 causes: pollution, infection, and poor nutrition. conventional treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. the author proposes that immunotherapy also be considered. among other environmental influences, dietary deficiencies and carcinogenic viral infections must be investigated and treated wherever possible. it has been suggested that mushrooms, in particular, have a structure that is immunomodulatory because it resembles the proteoglycan structur ...	2003	15259434
purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of a pyranose oxidase from the fruit body of the basidiomycete, tricholoma matsutake.	a new h(2)o(2)-generating pyranose oxidase was purified as a strong antifungal protein from an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, tricholoma matsutake. the protein showed a molecular mass of 250 kda in gel filtration, and probably consisted of four identical 62 kda subunits. the protein contained flavin moiety and it oxidized d-glucose at position c-2. h(2)o(2) and d-glucosone produced by the pyranose oxidase reaction showed antifungal activity, suggesting these compounds were the molecular basis of ...	2003	14730138
biotransformation of n-(2-alkylamino-4-phenylimidazol-1-yl)-acetamides and kinetic studies by using cells and laccase from trametes versicolor.	the product pattern of biotransformation of different n-(2-alkylamino-4-phenylimidazol-1-yl)-acetamides were compared. n-(2-alkylamino-4-phenylimidazol-1-yl)-acetamides were transformed by trametes versicolor into two types of aromatic products identified by chemical structure analysis: 1. novel heteroaromatic compounds, such as: 2-(alkylamino)-4-phenylimidazoles, n-(2-alkylamino-5-formyl-4-phenylimidazol-1-yl)-acetamides, n-(2-alkylimino-3-hydroxy-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydroimidazol-1-yl)-acetamides a ...	2003	14625901