Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| tetrahymena thermophila and candida albicans group i intron-derived ribozymes can catalyze the trans-excision-splicing reaction. | group i intron-derived ribozymes can catalyze a variety of non-native reactions. for the trans-excision-splicing (tes) reaction, an intron-derived ribozyme from the opportunistic pathogen pneumocystis carinii catalyzes the excision of a predefined region from within an rna substrate with subsequent ligation of the flanking regions. to establish tes as a general ribozyme-mediated reaction, intron-derived ribozymes from tetrahymena thermophila and candida albicans, which are similar to but not the ... | 2008 | 18684993 |
| dose-intensity temozolomide after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in operated high-grade gliomas. | we performed a new phase ii trial enrolling patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma (hgg) to test the efficacy of a weekly alternating temozolomide (tmz) schedule after surgery and concomitant chemoradiotherapy. | 2008 | 18688571 |
| activity of propolis in an experimental model of pneumocystosis. | to investigate the anti pneumocystis effects of propolis on pneumocystis carinii p. carinii in rat model. | 2008 | 18690302 |
| structural analysis of a holoenzyme complex of mouse dihydrofolate reductase with nadph and a ternary complex with the potent and selective inhibitor 2,4-diamino-6-(2'-hydroxydibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl)methylpteridine. | it has been shown that 2,4-diamino-6-arylmethylpteridines and 2,4-diamino-5-arylmethylpyrimidines containing an o-carboxylalkyloxy group in the aryl moiety are potent and selective inhibitors of the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) from opportunistic pathogens such as pneumocystis carinii, the causative agent of pneumocystis pneumonia in hiv/aids patients. in order to understand the structure-activity profile observed for a series of substituted dibenz[b,f]azepine antifolates, the crystal structur ... | 2008 | 18703847 |
| [application of fibrotic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary diffuse infiltration following bone marrow transplantation]. | in order to evaluate the diagnostic value of fibrotic bronchoscopy (fb) in the pulmonary infiltration following bone marrow transplantation (bmt), 18 patients with pulmonary complications after bmt from november 2003 to march 2006 were performed with fb. bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and brushing were performed in patients who had received short-term empirical therapy without good response, and transbronchial lung biopsy (tblb) was carried out in 3 cases. the results showed that 9 out of 10 cases ... | 2008 | 18718097 |
| dapsone induced acute photosensitivity dermatitis; a case report and review of literature. | dapsone is one of the main constituents of anti-leprosy treatment and has been in use for various dermatological and non-dermatological indications since the 1940s. dapsone-induced photosensitivity is a rare complication. only 11 cases seem to have been reported in the literature. we report a case of dapsone-induced photosensitivity in an indian patient with leprosy, and briefly review the literature. dapsone (diaminodiphenyl sulphone or dds) is the most commonly used anti-leprosy drug since the ... | 2007 | 18309716 |
| functional characterization of pneumocystis carinii brl1 by transspecies complementation analysis. | pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungus which causes severe opportunistic infections in immunocompromised humans. the brl1 gene of p. carinii infecting rats was identified and characterized by using bioinformatics in conjunction with functional complementation in saccharomyces cerevisiae and schizosaccharomyces pombe. the ectopic expression of this gene rescues null alleles of essential nuclear membrane proteins of the brr6/brl1 family in both yeasts. | 2007 | 17993570 |
| [enzyme change in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of pneumocystis pneumonia rats and the effect of garlicin treatment]. | to study the change of enzymes and effect of garlicin treatment on the change in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) of rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). | 2007 | 18038800 |
| [construction and expression of prokaryotic expression plasmids of pneumocystis carinii p55 antigen gene fragment]. | to construct prokaryotic recombinant expression plasmid carrying pneumocystis carinii mr 55 000 antigen (p55) gene fragment and express the recombinant protein. | 2007 | 18038806 |
| interstitial lung disease in infancy. | to describe the clinical profile of interstitial lung disease in infancy. | 2007 | 17699971 |
| oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of acne vulgaris. | oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) is approved by the us food and drug administration for the treatment of urinary tract infections, shigellosis, acute otitis media in pediatric patients, and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. tmp-smx has been used off label in dermatology to treat various skin conditions, including acne vulgaris and other skin and soft tissue infections, especially those infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | 2007 | 17713145 |
| extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection in an aids patient: a case report. | extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii (epc) infection is an uncommon condition, regardless of hiv status, and can occur as a complication of p carinii pneumonia (pcp). however, pcp is the most common severe opportunistic infection in patients with aids. the incidence of epc is variable, and in hiv-1-infected individuals it has been estimated to be 0.06-2.5%. | 2007 | 17718133 |
| [bilateral angle-closure glaucoma induced by trimetoprim and sulfamethoxazole combination: case report]. | sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (cotrimoxazole) is an antibiotic combination widely used for infections treatment and prophylaxis. these and others sulfonamides have been implicated in a rare syndrome of choroidal effusion with transient myopia and angle-closure glaucoma. previous cases reported in literature evolved to complete resolution after drug withdrawal. in contrast, we describe a rare case in which a patient developed the syndrome while taking cotrimoxazole, but did not recover visual acu ... | 2007 | 17768563 |
| prophylaxis of pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised non-hiv-infected patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | to assess the efficacy of prophylaxis for pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp), caused by pneumocystis jirovecii (formerly pneumocystis carinii), for immunocompromised non-hiv-infected patients by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. | 2007 | 17803871 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infant treated with oral steroids for hemangioma. | 2007 | 17875903 | |
| community-acquired pneumonia in thai patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | infection, particularly pneumonia, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). this study was performed to assess the prevalence, causative organisms, and outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in thai sle patients, and determine the predicting factors for death. a retrospective chart review of adult sle patients, age >16 years, seen at the division of rheumatology, chiang mai university over an 18 year period was carried out. cases di ... | 2007 | 17877230 |
| tc-99m red blood cell scintigraphic detection of cmv-induced small bowel hemorrhage. | a 4-month-old female child, recently diagnosed with parentally-acquired hiv complicated by moderate immunosuppression and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), presented with hematochezia. a tc-99m bleeding study was performed and demonstrated a site of brisk bleeding in the distal ileum. the patient was taken to the operating room and resection of the distal ileum revealed the presence of cytomegalovirus (cmv) enteritis. in immunocompromised children presenting with gastrointestinal (gi) hemorr ... | 2007 | 17885365 |
| the recognition, physiology, and treatment of medication-induced methemoglobinemia: a case report. | dapsone is a leprostatic agent commonly prescribed for the management of leprosy, malaria, and the immunosuppression-induced infections of pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii. in susceptible patients, methemoglobinemia, a potentially life-threatening event, can occur. we report a case of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia which was observed during general anesthesia for the management of a fractured mandible. the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of dapsone-induced methemoglobinem ... | 2007 | 17900210 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient on etanercept for psoriatic arthritis. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is a rare form of pneumonia associated with immune-suppression. it is common in patients with aids and with a cd4 count of less than 200 cells/mm(3). we report a case of pcp secondary to immune-suppression in a 41-year-old man with psoriatic arthritis being treated with the immune-modulatory agent etanercept. | 2007 | 17906888 |
| studies on fungal pumilio gene family through mining multiple genome-scale data sets. | the genes belonging to pumilio gene family of the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe (s. pombe) were compared with genome information of the several fungi and their functions have been inferred using public-access databases disclosed on the internet websites. the pumilio-family genes are conserved from yeast to man and have been considered to suppress the expression of other genes by binding their specific target messenger rnas. in s. pombe genome, nine genes belonging to pumilio gene famil ... | 2007 | 17932456 |
| canadian recommendations for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. | recommendation 1: management of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (gbm) should be highly individualized and should take a multidisciplinary approach involving neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, radiation oncology, and pathology, to optimize treatment outcomes. patients and caregivers should be kept informed of the progress of treatment at every stage. recommendation 2: sufficient tissue should be obtained during surgery for cytogenetic analysis and, whenever feasible, for tumour banking. recommen ... | 2007 | 17593983 |
| hiv-associated maternal mortality--primary causes of death at king edward viii hospital, durban. | the maternal mortality ratio in poor countries is reported to be 650/100,000 live births. this high maternal mortality may be associated with increasing numbers of hiv related deaths in sub-saharan africa. | 2007 | 17599219 |
| successful intermittent prophylaxis with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 2 days per week for pneumocystis carinii (jiroveci) pneumonia in pediatric oncology patients. | this study was conducted to determine the efficacy of dosing trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole on 2 consecutive days per week for the prevention of pneumocystis carinii (jiroveci) pneumonia in a pediatric leukemia and lymphoma population and to determine whether trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole contributes to neutropenia during maintenance therapy. | 2007 | 17606548 |
| (1->3)beta-d-glucan assay positivity in patients with pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci pneumonia. | 2007 | 17606968 | |
| clinical features of hiv/aids patients presenting to an inner city clinic in ho chi minh city, vietnam. | an outpatient hiv clinic was opened in march 2005 in binh thanh district, a poor section of ho chi minh city, vietnam. over 1500 patients were seen in the first year. the average age of patients was 27 years. men represented 77% of the clinic population, women, 23% and children under the age of 16 years of age, 5% of the population. the most common risk factor among men was being an injecting drug user (idu), 76%, and among women, being married to an idu hiv-positive man, 35%. physical signs of ... | 2007 | 17623507 |
| [continuous axenic cultivation of pneumocystis carinii isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of infected rat]. | to establish axenic cultivation of pneumocystis carinii (p.c). | 2007 | 17633824 |
| [the characteristics of opportunistic infections in 181 hiv/aids patients in china]. | to investigate the spectra of opportunistic infections (ois) in hiv/aids patients in china and evaluate the relation between ois and cd(4)(+), cd(8)(+) t cell counts so as to suggest when the prophylaxis for ois should begin. | 2007 | 17637305 |
| [study on the changes of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 level in sera of rats infected with pneumocystis carinii]. | to examine sicam-1 in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and the effect of tmp-smz therapy on its level and on pathological and immunological changes in rats. | 2007 | 17639695 |
| identification and characterization of rad51 of pneumocystis. | rad51, a eukaryotic homolog of reca, is an important protein involved in dna recombination and repair. we have characterized rad51 of pneumocystis carinii and pneumocystis murina. rad51 is a single copy gene that encodes a 1.2 kb mrna, which contains an open reading frame encoding 343 amino acids. rad51 from pneumocystis showed high homology to those from yeast. atp binding motifs gefrtgks and llivd, similar to those of saccharomyces cerevisiae and schizosaccharomyces pombe, are conserved in pne ... | 2007 | 17207588 |
| herpes simplex virus (hsv) pneumonia in a heart transplant: diagnosis and therapy. | organ transplants are frequently complicated by viral infections. the period of maximum immunosuppression, 1 to 6 months posttransplantation, predisposes one to intracellular pathogens. the most common intracellular viral pathogens in transplant recipients include cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv), and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). cytomegalovirus and hsv are common viral pathogens in the early transplant period (0-1 month posttransplant). although respiratory syncytial viru ... | 2007 | 17234480 |
| oral and nasal enteral tube placement errors and complications in a pediatric intensive care unit. | to report five cases of errors in the placement of oral/nasal enteral tubes in a pediatric intensive care unit, and to review literature on placement techniques and complication rates. | 2007 | 17273117 |
| pneumocystis stimulates mcp-1 production by alveolar epithelial cells through a jnk-dependent mechanism. | pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes pneumonia (pcp) in immunocompromised individuals. recent studies have demonstrated that the host's immune response is clearly responsible for the majority of the pathophysiological changes associated with pcp. p. carinii interacts closely with alveolar epithelial cells (aecs); however, the nature and pathological consequences of the epithelial response remain poorly defined. monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (mcp-1) is involved in ... | 2007 | 17307812 |
| patients receiving standard-dose temozolomide therapy are at risk of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 2007 | 17644327 | |
| audit of pneumocystis pneumonia in patients seen by the christchurch hospital rheumatology service over a 5-year period. | the aim of the study was to review all cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in patients seen by the christchurch hospital rheumatology service over a 5-year period and to determine the annual incidence of pcp. | 2007 | 17517083 |
| usefulness of beta-d glucan in diagnosing pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and monitoring its treatment in a living-donor liver-transplant recipient. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is one of the fatal complications encountered after liver transplantation. the diagnosis of pcp is sometimes very difficult, because detection of the bacteria itself is not easy under some conditions, and the serum level of the chemical mediator is not yet considered to be a definitive diagnostic marker. we report a case of pcp that occurred 3 months after transplantation in a living-donor liver-transplant recipient; the disease developed during the course of ... | 2007 | 17520208 |
| scavenger receptor a dampens induction of inflammation in response to the fungal pathogen pneumocystis carinii. | alveolar macrophages are the effector cells largely responsible for clearance of pneumocystis carinii from the lungs. binding of organisms to beta-glucan and mannose receptors has been shown to stimulate phagocytosis of the organisms. to further define the mechanisms used by alveolar macrophages for clearance of p. carinii, mice deficient in the expression of scavenger receptor a (sra) were infected with p. carinii, and clearance of organisms was monitored over time. sra-deficient (srako) mice c ... | 2007 | 17548480 |
| design and synthesis of classical and nonclassical 6-arylthio-2,4-diamino-5-ethylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as antifolates. | the classical antifolate n-{4-[(2,4-diamino-5-ethyl-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)sulfanyl]benzoyl}-l-glutamic acid (2) and 15 nonclassical analogues (3-17) were synthesized as potential dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) inhibitors and as antitumor agents. 5-ethyl-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (20) served as the key intermediate to which various aryl thiols and a heteroaryl thiol were appended at the 6-position via an oxidative addition reaction. the classical analogue 2 was synthesized ... | 2007 | 17552508 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with hyper-ige syndrome]. | a 15-year-old girl with abnormal findings detected on a medical check-up chest x-ray film was admitted to our center. high-resolution computed tomography, performed upon hospitalization, demonstrated panlobular nodular darkening in left lung fields, and an expanding, blended, map-like darkening near the pleura. since a grocott stain-positive cyst was confirmed histopathologically by transbronchial lung biopsy, the patient was given a diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. drug therapy was ... | 2007 | 17554982 |
| novel boron-containing, nonclassical antifolates: synthesis and preliminary biological and structural evaluation. | two boron-containing, ortho-icosahedral carborane lipophilic antifolates were synthesized, and the crystal structures of their ternary complexes with human dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate were determined. the compounds were screened for activity against dhfr from six sources (human, rat liver, pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasma gondii, mycobacterium avium, and lactobacillus casei) and showed good to modest activity against these enzymes. the co ... | 2007 | 17569517 |
| improved detection of pneumocystis jirovecii infection in a tertiary care reference hospital in india. | we prospectively examined 143 clinical samples from 115 patients including both hiv infected (n=53) and hiv uninfected immunocompromized (n=62) patients, with lung infiltrates and with clinical features suggestive of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia/ pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp), using both microscopic techniques as well as pcr assay. clinical samples in the present study consisted of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), tracheal aspirate (ta), nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa), sputum and gastric aspirate ( ... | 2007 | 17577820 |
| estimation of cd4+ and cd8+ t-lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients in manipur. | to estimate and stratify cd4 + and cd8 + t-lymphocyte levels in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected (asymptomatic) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients (symptomatic) and correlate the clinical features of the patients with cd4+ and cd8+ lymphocyte level. | 2007 | 17582182 |
| parameters determining the relative efficacy of hydroxy-naphthoquinone inhibitors of the cytochrome bc1 complex. | hydroxy-naphthoquinones are competitive inhibitors of the cytochrome bc(1) complex that bind to the ubiquinol oxidation site between cytochrome b and the iron-sulfur protein and presumably mimic a transition state in the ubiquinol oxidation reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. the parameters that affect efficacy of binding of these inhibitors to the bc(1) complex are not well understood. atovaquone, a hydroxy-naphthoquinone, has been used therapeutically to treat pneumocystis carinii and plasmodium ... | 2007 | 17383607 |
| pneumocystis carinii jiroveci pneumonia following infliximab infusion for crohn disease: emphasis on prophylaxis. | 2007 | 17402149 | |
| interleukin-23 (il-23)-il-17 cytokine axis in murine pneumocystis carinii infection. | host defense mechanisms against pneumocystis carinii are not fully understood. previous work in the murine model has shown that host defense against infection is critically dependent upon host cd4(+) t cells. the recently described th17 immune response is predominantly a function of effector cd4(+) t cells stimulated by interleukin-23 (il-23), but whether these cells are required for defense against p. carinii infection is unknown. we tested the hypothesis that p. carinii stimulates the early re ... | 2007 | 17403873 |
| erythrocytes as funguslike artifacts in pulmonary cytology. | 2007 | 17425214 | |
| a background and critical analysis of the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in hiv/aids. | 2007 | 17441498 | |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated with adalimumab. | patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) have an increased risk of infection as a result of alterations in immune regulation, debility, and comorbid illnesses. tnf-alpha is of central importance in the pathophysiological responses to infection and inflammation, and plays a crucial role in host defence. pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic pathogen that commonly affects individuals with inadequate t-cell mediated immune response. patients with acquired immune deficiency, as well as those recei ... | 2007 | 17464877 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised host--an autopsy report of three cases. | 2007 | 17474255 | |
| the role of the beta-glucan receptor dectin-1 in control of fungal infection. | during fungal infection, a variety of receptors initiates immune responses, including tlr and the beta-glucan receptor dectin-1. tlr recognition of fungal ligands and subsequent signaling through the myd88 pathway were thought to be the most important interactions required for the control of fungal infection. however, recent papers have challenged this view, highlighting the role of dectin-1 in induction of cytokine responses and the respiratory burst. two papers, using independently derived, de ... | 2007 | 17475782 |
| exogenous heat-killed escherichia coli improves alveolar macrophage activity and reduces pneumocystis carinii lung burden in infant mice. | pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. infants appear to be particularly susceptible to pneumocystis pulmonary infections. we have previously demonstrated that there is approximately a 3-week delay in the clearance of pneumocystis organisms from pup mouse lungs compared to that in adults. we have further shown that there is approximately a 1-week delay in alveolar macrophage activation in pups versus adult ... | 2007 | 17485459 |
| transcriptome of pneumocystis carinii during fulminate infection: carbohydrate metabolism and the concept of a compatible parasite. | members of the genus pneumocystis are fungal pathogens that cause pneumonia in a wide variety of mammals with debilitated immune systems. little is known about their basic biological functions, including life cycle, since no species can be cultured continuously outside the mammalian lung. to better understand the pathological process, about 4500 ests derived from sequencing of the poly(a) tail ends of p. carinii mrnas during fulminate infection were annotated and functionally characterized as un ... | 2007 | 17487271 |
| hypercalcemia and suppressed pth levels in a renal transplant patient infected with pneumocystis carinii. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a serious and relatively common complication of immunosuppressive therapy. in immunocompromised patients, p. carinii pneumonia can cause significant morbidity and mortality. another common complication, typically seen in the subpopulation of renal transplant recipients, is hypercalcemia. the prevalence of hypercalcemia varies, reaching as high as 71%. we report the case of a renal transplant recipient who developed p. carinii pneumonia and hypercalcemia, the lat ... | 2007 | 17497478 |
| inhibitory effect of umbelliferone aminoalkyl derivatives on oxidosqualene cyclases from s. cerevisiae, t. cruzi, p. carinii, h. sapiens, and a. thaliana: a structure-activity study. | eighteen coumarin derivatives were tested as inhibitors of oxidosqualene cyclases (oscs) from saccharomyces cerevisiae, trypanosoma cruzi, pneumocystis carinii, homo sapiens, and arabidopsis thaliana, all expressed in an osc-defective strain of s. cerevisiae.35 all the compounds have an aminoalkyl chain bound to an aromatic nucleus; unconventional synthetic procedures (microwave- and ultrasound-promoted reactions) were successfully used to prepare some of them. the most interesting structure-dep ... | 2007 | 17154325 |
| adult-onset still's disease in a patient over 80 years old successfully treated with low-dose methotrexate therapy. | we report on an 83-year-old japanese woman with adult-onset still's disease (aosd), with marked hypercytokinemia (serum levels of ferritin (fer) and interleukin (il)-18 were markedly high). on seeing older patients with fever of unknown origin (fuo), particularly asians, aosd should be considered. reduced doses of oral prednisolone following intravenous methylprednisolone (mpsl) therapy caused a flare-up of aosd and led to pneumocystis carinii (jeroveci) pneumonia. low-dose methotrexate (mtx) th ... | 2007 | 17158115 |
| dectin-1 is required for host defense against pneumocystis carinii but not against candida albicans. | dectin-1 is a c-type lectin involved in the recognition of beta-glucans found in the cell walls of fungi. we generated dectin-1-deficient mice to determine the importance of dectin-1 in the defense against pathogenic fungi. in vitro, beta-glucan-induced cytokine production from wild-type dendritic cells and macrophages was abolished in cells homozygous for dectin-1 deficiency ('dectin-1-knockout' cells). in vivo, dectin-1-knockout mice were more susceptible than wild-type mice to pneumocystis in ... | 2007 | 17159982 |
| regression analysis of failure time data with informative interval censoring. | interval censoring arises when a subject misses prescheduled visits at which the failure is to be assessed. most existing approaches for analysing interval-censored failure time data assume that the censoring mechanism is independent of the true failure time. however, there are situations where this assumption may not hold. in this paper, we consider such a situation in which the dependence structure between the censoring variables and the failure time can be modelled through some latent variabl ... | 2007 | 17072823 |
| responsibility in naming pathogens: the case of pneumocystis jirovecii, the causal agent of pneumocystis pneumonia. | 2007 | 17182335 | |
| interaction of pneumocystis carinii with dendritic cells and resulting host responses to p. carinii. | to assess the interaction of pneumocystis carinii with dendritic cells (dcs), and the consequences of the response of the host immune system to p. carinii antigens when dc are pulsed with p. carinii, murine dc were pulsed with p. carinii, and the resultant p. carinii host responses assessed in vitro and in vivo. p. carinii interacted with murine bone marrow-derived dc in vitro in part via mannose receptors. dc pulsed with p. carinii did not demonstrate increased expression of the cell surface ma ... | 2007 | 17198083 |
| pneumocystis murina msg gene family and the structure of the locus associated with its transcription. | analysis of the pneumocystis murina msg gene family and expression-site locus showed that, as in pneumocystis carinii, p. murina msg genes are arranged in head-to-tail tandem arrays located on multiple chromosomes, and that a variety of msg genes can reside at the unique p. murina expression site. located between the p. murina expression site and attached msg gene is a block of 132 basepairs that is also present at the beginning of msg genes that are not at the expression site. the center of thi ... | 2007 | 17320432 |
| protein flexibility and species specificity in structure-based drug discovery: dihydrofolate reductase as a test system. | in structure-based drug discovery, researchers would like to identify all possible scaffolds for a given target. however, techniques that push the boundaries of chemical space could lead to many false positives or inhibitors that lack specificity for the target. is it possible to broadly identify the appropriate chemical space for the inhibitors and yet maintain target specificity? to address this question, we have turned to dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr), a well-studied metabolic enzyme of phar ... | 2007 | 17335207 |
| enhanced defense against pneumocystis carinii mediated by a novel dectin-1 receptor fc fusion protein. | pneumocystis carinii (pc) pneumonia is a leading opportunistic infection found among hiv-infected individuals worldwide. although cd4(+) t cell deficiency clearly correlates with susceptibility to pc pneumonia, murine models of disease indicate that pc-directed abs may prevent infection and/or inhibit growth of existing pc within the lungs. recognition of pc by alveolar macrophages involves the beta-glucan receptor dectin-1 and macrophage effector function against pc is enhanced by abs derived f ... | 2007 | 17339468 |
| prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with atovaquone in children with leukemia. | despite extensive studies of atovaquone in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, there is little information about its efficacy as a prophylactic agent for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in pediatric patients with cancer. therefore, a retrospective analysis was conducted to determine the incidence of pcp in pediatric patients who received prophylactic atovaquone during treatment for acute leukemia. | 2007 | 17345613 |
| noninfectious entry of hiv-1 into peripheral and brain macrophages mediated by the mannose receptor. | although protein receptors on the plasma membrane involved in the initial steps of productive hiv-1 infection have been well characterized, little is known about interactions between cellular carbohydrate receptors and hiv-1. here, we report the involvement of a carbohydrate receptor, the macrophage mannose receptor (mr), and its role in supporting hiv-1 binding and entry. hiv-1 can enter the cytoplasm of human macrophages and microglia as well as murine macrophages by mr, although no subsequent ... | 2007 | 17360361 |
| pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the prodrug db289 (2,5-bis[4-(n-methoxyamidino)phenyl]furan monomaleate) in rat and monkey and its conversion to the antiprotozoal/antifungal drug db75 (2,5-bis(4-guanylphenyl)furan dihydrochloride). | db289 (pafuramidine maleate; 2,5-bis[4-(n-methoxyamidino)phenyl]furan monomaleate) is a prodrug of db75 (furamidine dihydrochloride; 2,5-bis(4-guanylphenyl)furan dihydrochloride), an aromatic dication related to pentamidine that has demonstrated good efficacy against african trypanosomiasis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and malaria, but lacks adequate oral availability. the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 14c-db289 have been investigated in rat and monkey after oral and intravenous adminis ... | 2007 | 17360833 |
| comparison of plain chest radiography and high-resolution ct in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a sub-saharan africa study. | the objective of the study was to determine the proportion of patients with missed lesions on plain chest radiographs compared with high-resolution computed tomography (hrct) in 49 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). patients underwent plain chest radiography and hrct scans of the chest at admission. microbiological investigations for cap were performed. an experienced radiologist, without knowledge of clinical or pathological data, repor ... | 2007 | 17005518 |
| design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new (2e,6e)-10-(dimethylamino)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-decadien-1-ol ethers as inhibitors of human and trypanosoma cruzi oxidosqualene cyclase. | new dimethylamino truncated squalene ether derivatives containing a different aromatic moiety (phenyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl) or a simple alkyl (n-hexylic) group were synthesized as inhibitors of the oxidosqualene cyclase (osc) and of the sterol biosynthetic pathway. the activity against human osc was compared with the activity against the oscs of pathogenic organisms such as pneumocystis carinii and trypanosoma cruzi. the phenyl derivative was the most potent inhibitor of t. cruzi osc. | 2007 | 17027267 |
| perioral numbness associated with intravenous pentamidine administration. | to report a case of perioral numbness associated with intravenous pentamidine. | 2007 | 17164393 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an infant with hypogammaglobulinemia. | 2007 | 17165040 | |
| the 'dark bronchus' sign: hrct diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we report the importance of the 'dark bronchus' sign in the diagnosis of uniform, diffuse ground glass opacification on high resolution computerized tomography (hrct). this sign is useful to identify diffuse ground glass opacity on hrct in cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who may present with a normal or equivocal chest radiograph in the early course of disease. | 2007 | 19724672 |
| experience with alemtuzumab in treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in the netherlands. | alemtuzumab (mabcampath) is a monoclonal antibody against cd52, indicated as third-line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (cll). as most important side effect opportunistic infections are mentioned. it is, however, unknown whether these complications often lead to problems in general patient care in the netherlands. | 2007 | 17954952 |
| correlations among measures of quality in hiv care in the united states: cross sectional study. | to determine whether a selected set of indicators can represent a single overall quality construct. | 2007 | 17967826 |
| [effects of fructus psoralea and brucea javanica on the level of il-2 and nk cell in rats infected with pneumocystis carinii]. | sd rat model of pcp was established by subcutaneous injection with dexamethasone. the treatment groups received fructus psoralea (fp, 10.0 mg/kg), brucea javanica (bj, 1.2 mg/kg) and a mixture of the two chinese herbs(fp 5mg/kg, bj 0.6 mg/kg) respectively. by means of detecting the level of il-2 in sera and nk cells in spleens, the effect of fp and bj on the level of il-2 and nk cells in rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was observed, with smzco treatment group (tmp 50 mg/kg, smz 25 ... | 2007 | 18442007 |
| science and social justice: the lessons of hiv/aids activism in the struggle to eradicate tuberculosis. | the global social, political and health emergency presented by the human immunodeficiency virus and the acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (hiv/aids) has also once again propelled tuberculosis (tb) into a global public health emergency. the examples i will use to show how activism and social mobilisation can assist in overcoming tb are primarily from my home country, south africa. despite significant differences in health systems, culture, politics and history, there are lessons that could be u ... | 2006 | 17167946 |
| microaerophilic conditions increase viability and affect responses of pneumocystis carinii to drugs in vitro. | 2006 | 17169023 | |
| detection of a proteasome in pneumocystis carinii and its modulation by specific proteasome inhibitors. | 2006 | 17169035 | |
| the non-peptidic hiv protease inhibitor tipranavir and two synthetic peptidomimetics (ts98 and ts102) modulate pneumocystis carinii growth and proteasome activity of hel299 cell line. | 2006 | 17169036 | |
| the sequence of the erg11 gene in form 1 and form 6 of pneumocystis carinii are identical. | 2006 | 17169037 | |
| analysis of pneumocystis carinii gene function by complementation in yeast mutants. | 2006 | 17169038 | |
| large-scale characterization of introns in the pneumocystis carinii genome. | 2006 | 17169040 | |
| sequence of the mitochondrial genome of pneumocystis carinii: implications for biological function and identification of potential drug targets. | 2006 | 17169041 | |
| draft assembly and annotation of the pneumocystis carinii genome. | 2006 | 17169080 | |
| co-infection of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. suis and porcine circovirus-2 (pcv2) in pig lungs obtained from slaughterhouses in southern and midwestern regions of brazil. | 2006 | 17169081 | |
| utility of reflex gomori methenamine silver staining for pneumocystis jirovecii on bronchoalveolar lavage cytologic specimens: a review. | pneumocystis jiroveci (pj; formerly pneumocystis carinii) is an opportunistic pathogen causing life-threatening pneumonia (pneumocystis pneumonia) in immunosuppressed individuals. its diagnosis is dependent on identification in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) specimens. gomori's methenamine silver nitrate (gms) stain has been advocated to highlight the organisms in bal specimens. this study was performed to determine the utility of reflex gms staining on all bal specimens for identifying pj.all bal ... | 2006 | 17041954 |
| [the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with caspofungin in elderly patients: a case report and literature review]. | to describe the treatment with caspofungin of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in elderly patients. | 2006 | 17045046 |
| regulatory t cells dampen pulmonary inflammation and lung injury in an animal model of pneumocystis pneumonia. | cd4+cd25+foxp3+ regulatory t cells are decreased in patients infected with hiv and have been shown to be critical in mediating ag tolerance in the lung. because a subset of pneumocystis-infected individuals develop substantial lung injury, which can be modeled in immune reconstituted scid mice, we used mouse models of pneumocystis carinii to investigate the role of regulatory t cells in opportunistic infection and immune reconstitution. in this study, we show that cd4+cd25+foxp3+ cells are part ... | 2006 | 17056551 |
| changes in the clinical spectrum of opportunistic illnesses in persons with hiv infection in taiwan in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | we compared changes in the relative frequencies of opportunistic illnesses (ois) among 1,044 taiwanese persons with hiv infection who were enrolled in three study periods from june 1994 to june 2004: before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart); early haart; and late haart. nearly two-thirds of those newly diagnosed with hiv infection had cd4 counts below 200/mm(3). among a total of 1,182 ois, candidiasis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and tuberculosis were the most ... | 2006 | 17060697 |
| pneumocystis oryctolagi sp. nov., an uncultured fungus causing pneumonia in rabbits at weaning: review of current knowledge, and description of a new taxon on genotypic, phylogenetic and phenotypic bases. | the genus pneumocystis comprises noncultivable, highly diversified fungal pathogens dwelling in the lungs of mammals. the genus includes numerous host-species-specific species that are able to induce severe pneumonitis, especially in severely immunocompromised hosts. pneumocystis organisms attach specifically to type-1 epithelial alveolar cells, showing a high level of subtle and efficient adaptation to the alveolar microenvironment. pneumocystis species show little difference at the light micro ... | 2006 | 17064284 |
| an official ats workshop summary: recent advances and future directions in pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp). | pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised persons, and it remains a leading acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)-defining opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals throughout the world. pneumocystis has proven difficult to study, in part due to the lack of a reliable culture system for the organism. with the development of molecular techniques, significant advances in our understanding of the or ... | 2006 | 17065370 |
| is toxoplasmosis prophylaxis necessary in cardiac transplantation? long-term follow-up at two transplant centers. | cardiac transplant recipients are often given prophylactic treatments to prevent opportunistic infections such as pneumocystis carinii. toxoplasmosis prophylaxis is commonly prescribed for transplant recipients who have not been exposed to this disease but receive a heart from an exposed donor. we reviewed the collective 28-year experience at two urban transplant programs with 596 patients, and found no cases of toxoplasmosis, but all patients received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to prevent pn ... | 2006 | 17097506 |
| hemophagocytic syndrome associated with extracerebral toxoplasmosis in an hiv-infected patient. | hemophagocytic syndrome (hps) is a clinical entity that combines non-specific clinical and biological features. the diagnosis is usually confirmed by a bone marrow examination. hps may be primary or secondary to a malignancy or to an infectious or autoimmune disease. since it was first described, various agents have been implicated, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites. in hiv patients, many cases occur with lymphoma or with a variety of opportunistic infections due to cmv, hhv8, pneumocys ... | 2006 | 17098596 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during dose-dense chemotherapy for breast cancer. | 2006 | 17114668 | |
| treatment of ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy by oral microemulsion cyclosporine (neoral). | intravenous cyclosporine is active in 60% to 80% of patients with ulcerative colitis (uc) who failed to respond to intravenous corticosteroids. several studies have suggested that cyclosporine in microemulsion form (neoral) has some efficacy in this setting, but the optimal dose, blood level, time to response, and remission need to be better defined. the aim of this study was to evaluate the response to neoral and its toxicity in active corticosteroid-refractory uc. | 2006 | 17119387 |
| ubiquinone synthesis and its regulation in pneumocystis carinii. | the opportunistic pathogen pneumocystis causes a type of pneumonia in individuals with defective immune systems such as aids patients. atovaquone, an analog of ubiquinone (coenzyme q [coq]), is effective in clearing mild to moderate cases of the infection. rat-derived pneumocystis carinii was the first organism in which coq synthesis was clearly demonstrated to occur in both mitochondrial and microsomal subcellular fractions. atovaquone inhibits microsomal coq synthesis with no effect on mitocho ... | 2006 | 17123407 |
| necrotizing hepatitis and intrahepatic cholestasis associated to cryptococcus sp. and pneumocystis carinii. | 2006 | 17151583 | |
| human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with prior pneumocystis pneumonia exhibit increased serologic reactivity to several major surface glycoprotein clones. | recombinant clones of the carboxyl terminus of the major surface glycoprotein (msgc) of pneumocystis jirovecii are useful for analyzing serologic responses in humans. however, there is no standardized set of antigens in general use, which could lead to conflicting results. we have previously shown that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-infected patients with prior pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp+) responded more frequently and more strongly to a clone of msgc than did hiv-1-infected patien ... | 2006 | 17028210 |
| alveolar proteinosis in a patient recovering from pneumocystis carinii infection: a case report with a review of literature. | pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare lung disorder, which was first reported as idiopathic condition in 1958. the prevalence of acquired pulmonary alveolar proteinosis has been estimated to be 0.37 per 100,000 population. the cause of this condition is not entirely clear. we present alveolar proteinosis in a case recently treated for pulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection. | 2006 | 17034646 |
| novel non-classical c9-methyl-5-substituted-2,4-diaminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase and as anti-opportunistic agents. | six novel c9-methyl-5-substituted-2,4-diaminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines 18-23 were synthesized as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and as anti-opportunistic agents. these compounds represent the only examples of 9-methyl substitution in the carbon-carbon bridge of 2,4-diaminopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines. the analogs 18-23 were synthesized in a concise eight-step procedure starting from the appropriate commercially available aromatic methyl ketones. the key step involved a micha ... | 2006 | 17010625 |
| new insights into dhfr interactions: analysis of pneumocystis carinii and mouse dhfr complexes with nadph and two highly potent 5-(omega-carboxy(alkyloxy) trimethoprim derivatives reveals conformational correlations with activity and novel parallel ring stacking interactions. | structural data are reported for two highly potent antifolates, 2,4-diamino-5-[3',4'-dimethoxy-5'-(5-carboxy-1-pentynyl)]benzylpyrimidine (py1011), with 5000-fold selectivity for pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase (pcdhfr), relative to rat liver dhfr, and 2,4-diamino-5-[2-methoxy-5-(4-carboxybutyloxy)benzyl]pyrimidine (py957), that has 80-fold selectivity for pcdhfr. crystal structures are reported for nadph ternary complexes with py957 and pcdhfr, refined to 2.2 a resolution; with py1 ... | 2006 | 17019704 |
| contribution of t cell subsets to the pathophysiology of pneumocystis-related immunorestitution disease. | immune-mediated lung injury is an important component of pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp)-related immunorestitution disease (ird). however, the individual contribution of cd4(+) and cd8(+) t cells to the pathophysiology of ird remains undetermined. therefore, ird was modeled in severe combined immunodeficient mice, and specific t cell depletion was used to determine how t cell subsets interact to affect the nature and severity of disease. cd4(+) cells were more abundant than cd8(+) cells during the ... | 2006 | 16891394 |
| twenty years of clinical human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in hong kong. | to elucidate the development of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) clinical care and research in hong kong. | 2006 | 16603781 |