Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| two new terpenoids from the stems of manihot esculenta. | a new eremophilane sesquiterpene, sporogen ao-2 (1), and a new beyerane diterpene, thecacorin c (2), together with two known compounds, longifoamide-b (3) and methylcholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (4), were isolated from the stems of manihot esculenta. the structures of the two new compounds were determined by spectroscopic techniques (uv, ir, ms, 1d, and 2d nmr). antimicrobial assay showed that compound 3 possessed modest inhibitory effects on saphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant s.aureus, ... | 2015 | 25492303 |
| effect of granule organisation on the behaviour of starches in the nmmo (n-methyl morpholine n-oxide) solvent system. | the response of starches of different botanical origin to heating in 78% n-methyl morpholine n-oxide (nmmo) is compared with their behaviour in water. for all starches studied an exothermic transition is obtained in the nmmo system rather than the endothermic transition in water. in nmmo the transition temperatures are lower for a-type starches (wheat, rice and tapioca) than the c-type starches (sago and pea) and also potato which has a b-type polymorph. observations using a hot stage microscope ... | 2015 | 25458278 |
| cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | genetic transformation of plants is an indispensable technique used for fundamental research and crop improvement. recent advances in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) transformation have facilitated the effective generation of stably transformed cassava plants with favorable traits. agrobacterium-mediated transformation of friable, embryogenic callus has evolved to become the most widely used approach and has been adopted by research laboratories in africa. this procedure utilizes axillary mer ... | 2015 | 25416250 |
| cytokinin-dependent secondary growth determines root biomass in radish (raphanus sativus l.). | the root serves as an essential organ in plant growth by taking up nutrients and water from the soil and supporting the rest of the plant body. some plant species utilize roots as storage organs. sweet potatoes (ipomoea batatas), cassava (manihot esculenta), and radish (raphanus sativus), for example, are important root crops. however, how their root growth is regulated remains unknown. in this study, we characterized the relationship between cambium and radial root growth in radish. through a c ... | 2015 | 25979997 |
| comparative study of the methane production based on the chemical compositions of mangifera indica and manihot utilissima leaves. | leaves of mangifera indica (mi, mango leaves) and manihot utilissima (mu, cassava leaves) are available in tropical regions and are the most accessible vegetal wastes of kinshasa, capital of democratic republic of congo. these wastes are not suitably managed and are not rationally valorized. they are abandoned in full air, on the soil and in the rivers. they thus pollute environment. by contrast, they can be recuperated and treated in order to produce methane (energy source), organic fertilizer ... | 2015 | 25825684 |
| nutritional composition of fufu analog flour produced from cassava root (manihot esculenta) and cocoyam (colocasia esculenta) tuber. | nutritional properties of fufu analog produced from co-processing of cassava and cocoyam were studied. cassava and cocoyam were fermented for 72 h, dried to obtain fufu flour. proximate, functional, minerals, antinutritional factor, pasting properties, and sensory evaluation of various samples were determined. the results revealed that the moisture contents of the samples showed significant difference from control with values between 6.50 and 7.30%. the protein contents (1.68-4.98%), ash (1.84-4 ... | 2015 | 26788301 |
| detection of plant-based adulterants in turmeric powder using dna barcoding. | in its powdered form, turmeric [curcuma longa l. (zingiberaceae)], a spice of medical importance, is often adulterated lowering its quality. | 2015 | 25853978 |
| enhanced direct fermentation of cassava to butanol by clostridium species strain boh3 in cofactor-mediated medium. | the main challenge of cassava-based biobutanol production is to enhance the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with high hyperamylolytic activity and butanol yield. manipulation of cofactor [e.g., ca(2+) and nad/(p)h] levels as a potential tool to modulate carbon flux plays a key role in the cassava hydrolysis capacity and butanol productivity. here, we aimed to develop a technology for enhancing butanol production with simultaneous hydrolysis of cassava (a typical model as a non-cer ... | 2015 | 26464582 |
| bioenergy from stillage anaerobic digestion to enhance the energy balance ratio of ethanol production. | the challenges associated with the availability of fossil fuels in the past decades intensified the search for alternative energy sources, based on an ever-increasing demand for energy. in this context, the application of anaerobic digestion (ad) as a core treatment technology in industrial plants should be highlighted, since this process combines the pollution control of wastewaters and the generation of bioenergy, based on the conversion of the organic fraction to biogas, a methane-rich gaseou ... | 2015 | 26233583 |
| dietary patterns in pregnancy and birth weight. | objective to analyze if dietary patterns during the third gestational trimester are associated with birth weight.methods longitudinal study conducted in the cities of petropolis and queimados, rio de janeiro (rj), southeastern brazil, between 2007 and 2008. we analyzed data from the first and second follow-up wave of a prospective cohort. food consumption of 1,298 pregnant women was assessed using a semi-quantitative questionnaire about food frequency. dietary patterns were obtained by explorato ... | 2015 | 26398873 |
| energy value of cassava products in broiler chicken diets with or without enzyme supplementation. | this study investigated the metabolizable energy (me) intake, net energy of production (nep), heat production (hp), efficiencies of me use for energy, lipid and protein retention as well as the performance of broiler chickens fed diets based on cassava chips or pellets with or without supplementation with an enzyme product containing xylanase, amylase, protease and phytase. the two products, cassava chips and pellets, were analysed for nutrient composition prior to feed formulation. the cassava ... | 2015 | 26194227 |
| sensory and physicochemical evaluation of low-fat chicken mortadella with added native and modified starches. | the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding different starches (native and modified) on the physicochemical, sensory, structural and microbiological characteristics of low-fat chicken mortadella. two formulations containing native cassava and regular corn starch, coded cass (5.0 % of cassava starch) and corn (5.0 % of regular corn starch), and one formulation produced with physically treated starch coded as mod1 (2.5 % of novation 2300) and chemically modified starch coded as ... | 2015 | 26139901 |
| [preparation technique of tetraploid of dioscorea zingiberensis synthetic seed based on embryogenic callus]. | to provide technical support for industrialization promotion of tetraploid of dioscorea zingiberensis, the manufacturing method for synthetic seeds of tetraploid of dioscorea zingiberensis was established and the correlated influential factors were studied. | 2015 | 26214862 |
| identification and distribution of the nbs-lrr gene family in the cassava genome. | plant resistance genes (r genes) exist in large families and usually contain both a nucleotide-binding site domain and a leucine-rich repeat domain, denoted nbs-lrr. the genome sequence of cassava (manihot esculenta) is a valuable resource for analysing the genomic organization of resistance genes in this crop. | 2015 | 25948536 |
| aerobic cyanide degradation by bacterial isolates from cassava factory wastewater. | ten bacterial strains that utilize cyanide (cn) as a nitrogen source were isolated from cassava factory wastewater after enrichment in a liquid media containing sodium cyanide (1 mm) and glucose (0.2% w/v). the strains could tolerate and grow in cyanide concentrations of up to 5 mm. increased cyanide levels in the media caused an extension of lag phase in the bacterial growth indicating that they need some period of acclimatisation. the rate of cyanide removal by the strains depends on the initi ... | 2015 | 26413045 |
| biochemical studies in tanzanian patients with ataxic tropical neuropathy. | data on thiocyanate and vitamin b(12) concentrations in plasma from tanzanian patients with ataxic tropical neuropathy are presented and support the hypothesis that, as in nigeria, the condition may result from chronic exposure to cyanide or cyanogens from a diet including large amounts of cassava. | 2015 | 5026008 |
| [alcohol from mandioca by continuous fermentation]. | 2015 | 4524330 | |
| form follows function in geminiviral minichromosome architecture. | a comprehensive survey on the viral minichromosomes of the begomoviruses abutilon mosaic virus, tomato yellow leaf curl sardinia virus, african cassava mosaic virus, indian cassava mosaic virus (family geminiviridae) during the course of infections in nicotiana benthamiana is summarized. using optimized one-dimensional and two-dimensional gel systems combined with blot hybridization and a standardized evaluation, discrete and heterogeneous virus-specific signals with different dna forms were com ... | 2015 | 25445344 |
| evolutionary liberties of the abutilon mosaic virus cluster. | two new strains of abutilon mosaic virus (abmv; geminiviridae) from germany (stuttgart) and france (paris) have been characterized by circomics, direct pyrosequencing of rolling circle amplification (rca) products, as well as conventional cloning and sanger sequencing. rca combined with an analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms confirmed the completeness of the sequence determination and a close relationship of both isolates for dna a with 99 % nucleotide sequence identity. phylog ... | 2015 | 25315632 |
| microbiological and chemical characteristics of tarubá, an indigenous beverage produced from solid cassava fermentation. | the aim of this work was to identify and characterize the microbiota present during fermentation and in the final beverage, tarubá, by culture-dependent and -independent methods. in addition, target chemical compounds (carbohydrates, organic acids, and ethanol) were evaluated. lactic acid bacteria (lab) and mesophilic bacteria were the predominant microorganisms. among them, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus brevis, leuconostoc mesenteroides, and bacillus subtilis were frequently isolated a ... | 2015 | 25846929 |
| functional properties of filamentous fungi isolated from the indonesian fermented dried cassava, with particular application on poultry. | the study aimed to evaluate the probiotic properties, antioxidant activity and fermentative capacity of acremonium charticola and rhizopus oryzae isolated from the indonesian fermented dried cassava, with particular application on poultry. a. charticola inhibited the growth of escherichia coli and aspergillus flavus. a. charticola and r. oryzae grew in potato dextrose agar (pda) adjusted to ph 3 and 8 or in pda supplemented with bile salt up to 0.8%. after soaking for 8 hr, the survival rate of ... | 2015 | 26839501 |
| the agrobacterium tumefaciens ti plasmid virulence gene vire2 reduces sri lankan cassava mosaic virus infection in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana plants. | cassava mosaic disease is a major constraint to cassava cultivation worldwide. in india, the disease is caused by indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv) and sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv). the agrobacterium ti plasmid virulence gene vire2, encoding a nuclear-localized, single-stranded dna binding protein, was introduced into nicotiana benthamiana to develop tolerance against slcmv. leaf discs of transgenic n. benthamiana plants, harboring the vire2 gene, complemented a vire2 mutation in a. ... | 2015 | 26008704 |
| agricultural residues for cellulolytic enzyme production by aspergillus niger: effects of pretreatment. | different agricultural residues were considered in this study for their ability to support cellulolytic enzyme production by aspergillus niger. a total of eleven agricultural residues including finger millet hulls, sorghum hulls, soybean hulls, groundnut husk, banana peels, corn stalk, cassava peels, sugarcane bagasse, saw dust, rice straw and sheanut cake were subjected to three pretreatment (acid, alkali and oxidative) methods. all the residues supported the growth and production of cellulases ... | 2015 | 28324400 |
| augmenting iron accumulation in cassava by the beneficial soil bacterium bacillus subtilis (gbo3). | cassava (manihot esculenta), a major staple food in the developing world, provides a basic carbohydrate diet for over half a billion people living in the tropics. despite the iron abundance in most soils, cassava provides insufficient iron for humans as the edible roots contain 3-12 times less iron than other traditional food crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. with the recent identification that the beneficial soil bacterium bacillus subtilis (strain gb03) activates iron acquisition machinery ... | 2015 | 26300897 |
| analyses of twelve new whole genome sequences of cassava brown streak viruses and ugandan cassava brown streak viruses from east africa: diversity, supercomputing and evidence for further speciation. | cassava brown streak disease is caused by two devastating viruses, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) which are frequently found infecting cassava, one of sub-saharan africa's most important staple food crops. each year these viruses cause losses of up to $100 million usd and can leave entire families without their primary food source, for an entire year. twelve new whole genomes, including seven of cbsv and five of ucbsv were uncovered in this resea ... | 2015 | 26439260 |
| cassava brown streak disease: a threat to food security in africa. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) has emerged as the most important viral disease of cassava (manihot esculenta) in africa and is a major threat to food security. cbsd is caused by two distinct species of ipomoviruses, cassava brown streak virus and ugandan cassava brown streak virus, belonging to the family potyviridae. previously, cbsd was reported only from the coastal lowlands of east africa, but recently it has begun to spread as an epidemic throughout the great lakes region of east and c ... | 2015 | 26015320 |
| biodegradation of atrazine by three transgenic grasses and alfalfa expressing a modified bacterial atrazine chlorohydrolase gene. | the widespread use of atrazine and other s-triazine herbicides to control weeds in agricultural production fields has impacted surface and groundwater in the united states and elsewhere. we previously reported the cloning, sequencing, and expression of six genes involved in the atrazine biodegradation pathway of pseudomonas sp. strain adp, which is initiated by atza, encoding atrazine chlorohydrolase. here we explored the use of enhanced expression of a modified bacterial atrazine chlorohydrolas ... | 2015 | 25432082 |
| involvement of mir160/mir393 and their targets in cassava responses to anthracnose disease. | cassava is a starchy root crop for food and industrial applications in many countries around the world. among the factors that affect cassava production, diseases remain the major cause of yield loss. cassava anthracnose disease is caused by the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides. severe anthracnose attacks can cause tip die-backs and stem cankers, which can affect the availability of planting materials especially in large-scale production systems. recent studies indicate that plants over- or ... | 2015 | 25462963 |
| molecular characterization of a new begomovirus associated with leaf yellow mosaic disease of jatropha curcas in india. | during a survey in june 2011, severe leaf yellow mosaic disease was observed on about 45 % plants of jatropha curcas growing in the katerniaghat wildlife sanctuary in india. an association of a begomovirus with disease was detected in 15 out of 20 samples by pcr using begomovirus genus-specific primers and total dna isolated from symptomatic leaf samples. for identification of the begomovirus, the complete genome was amplified using a phi-29 dna-polymerase-based rolling-circle amplification kit ... | 2015 | 25716923 |
| potential of tannin-rich plants for modulating ruminal microbes and ruminal fermentation in sheep. | the objective of this work was to study nutritional strategies for decreasing methane production by ruminants fed tropical diets, combining in vitro and in vivo methods. the in vitro approach was used to evaluate the dose effect of condensed tannins (ct) contained in leaves of gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala, and manihot esculenta (39, 75, and 92 g ct/kg dm, respectively) on methane production and ruminal fermentation characteristics. tannin-rich plants (trp) were incubated for 24 h alo ... | 2015 | 25568379 |
| heterologous expression of melea3: a 10 kda late embryogenesis abundant protein of cassava, confers tolerance to abiotic stress in escherichia coli with recombinant protein showing in vitro chaperone activity. | late embryogenesis abundant (lea) proteins are small molecular weight proteins involved in acquisition of tolerance to drought, salinity, high temperature, cold, and freezing stress in many plants. previous studies revealed a cdna sequence coding for a 10 kda atypical lea protein, named melea3, predicted to be located into mitochondria with potential role in salt stress response of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). here we aimed to produce the recombinant melea3 protein by heterologous express ... | 2015 | 25990084 |
| improvement of the amides forming capacity of the arylacetonitrilase from pseudomonas fluorescens ebc191 by site-directed mutagenesis. | the influence of different amino acid substitutions in the nitrilase from pseudomonas fluorescens ebc191 (nita) on the catalytical activity and the ability to form amides was investigated. the enzyme variant glu137ala was constructed because glutamate residues homologous to glu137 are highly conserved among different members of the nitrilase superfamily and it has been suggested that these residues are indispensable for the hydrolysis of amides by enzymes belonging to the nitrilase superfamily. ... | 2015 | 25248440 |
| efficient utilization of cassava pulp for succinate production by metabolically engineered escherichia coli kj122. | a metabolically engineered escherichia coli kj122 was efficiently utilized for succinate production from cassava pulp during batch separate hydrolysis and fermentation (shf) under simple anaerobic conditions. succinate concentration of 41.46 ± 0.05 g/l with yield and productivity of 82.33 ± 0.14 g/100 g dry pulp and 0.84 ± 0.02 g/l/h was obtained. in batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf), hydrolysis of 12 % (w/v) cassava pulp with an enzyme loading of 2 % amg + 3 % cel (v/w) ... | 2015 | 25030337 |
| efficient reduction of the formation of by-products and improvement of production yield of 2,3-butanediol by a combined deletion of alcohol dehydrogenase, acetate kinase-phosphotransacetylase, and lactate dehydrogenase genes in metabolically engineered klebsiella oxytoca in mineral salts medium. | klebsiella oxytoca kms005 (∆adhe∆acka-pta∆ldha) was metabolically engineered to improve 2,3-butanediol (bdo) yield. elimination of alcohol dehydrogenase e (adhe), acetate kinase a-phosphotransacetylase (acka-pta), and lactate dehydrogenase a (ldha) enzymes allowed bdo production as a primary pathway for nadh re-oxidation, and significantly reduced by-products. kms005 was screened for the efficient glucose utilization by metabolic evolution. kms005-73t improved bdo production at a concentration o ... | 2015 | 25895450 |
| industrial production of 2,3-butanediol from the engineered corynebacterium glutamicum. | the platform chemical 2,3-butanediol (2,3-bdo) is a valuable product that can be converted into several petroleum-based chemicals via simple chemical reactions. here, we produced 2,3-bdo with the non-pathogenic and rapidly growing corynebacterium glutamicum. to enhance the 2,3-bdo production capacity of c. glutamicum, we introduced buda encoding acetolactate decarboxylase from klebsiella pneumoniae, a powerful 2,3-bdo producer. additionally, budb (encoding α-acetolactate synthase) and budc (enco ... | 2015 | 26113219 |
| lysinibacillus louembei sp. nov., a spore-forming bacterium isolated from ntoba mbodi, alkaline fermented leaves of cassava from the republic of the congo. | investigation of the microbial diversity of ntoba mbodi, an african food made from the alkaline fermentation of cassava leaves, revealed the presence of a gram-positive, catalase-positive, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped endospore-forming bacterium (nm73) with unusual phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. the analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence revealed that the isolate was most closely related to lysinibacillus meyeri ws 4626t (98.93%), lysinibacillus xylanilyticus xdb9t (96.95%) and lysi ... | 2015 | 26333923 |
| two-step production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from cassava powder using corynebacterium glutamicum and lactobacillus plantarum. | production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) from crop biomass such as cassava in high concentration is desirable, but difficult to achieve. a safe biotechnological route was investigated to produce gaba from cassava powder by c. glutamicum g01 and l. plantarum gb01-21. liquefied cassava powder was first transformed to glutamic acid by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with c. glutamicum g01, followed by biotransformation of glutamic acid to gaba with resting cells of l. plantarum g ... | 2015 | 26115763 |
| microbial population, chemical composition and silage fermentation of cassava residues. | in order to effectively use the cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) residues, including cassava leaves, peel and pulp for livestock diets, the chemical and microbiological composition, silage preparation and the effects of lactic acid bacteria (lab) inoculants on silage fermentation of cassava residues were studied. these residues contained 10(4) to 10(5) lab and yeasts, 10(3) to 10(4) coliform bacteria and 10(4) aerobic bacteria in colony forming units (cfu) on a fresh matter (fm) basis. the mol ... | 2015 | 25781881 |
| effect of different levels of mangosteen peel powder supplement on the performance of dairy cows fed concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein. | this study aimed to investigate the effect of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) peel powder (msp) supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and milk production in lactating dairy cows fed a concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap). four crossbred dairy cows (50 % holstein-friesian and 50 % thai native breed) in mid-lactation, 404 ± 50.0 kg of body weight and 90 ± 5 day in milk with daily milk production of 9 ± 2.0 kg/day, were rando ... | 2015 | 26205904 |
| impact of edible chitosan-cassava starch coatings enriched with lippia gracilis schauer genotype mixtures on the shelf life of guavas (psidium guajava l.) during storage at room temperature. | the effect of edible chitosan-cassava starch (ch-cs) coatings containing a mixture of lippia gracilis schauer genotypes (eom) on the shelf life of guavas during storage at room temperature for 10 days was studied. sixteen formulations were prepared with a range of chitosan and essential oil mixtures concentrations, and the in vitro antimicrobial activity was tested. formulations containing 2.0% cassava starch, 2.0% chitosan and 1.0%, 2.0% or 3.0% eom were most effective in inhibiting the growth ... | 2015 | 25308649 |
| prevalence and risk factors for active convulsive epilepsy in kintampo, ghana. | epilepsy is common in sub-saharan africa, but there is little data in west africa, to develop public health measures for epilepsy in this region. | 2015 | 26401223 |
| control of sweet potato virus diseases. | sweet potato (ipomoea batatas) is ranked seventh in global food crop production and is the third most important root crop after potato and cassava. sweet potatoes are vegetative propagated from vines, root slips (sprouts), or tubers. therefore, virus diseases can be a major constrain, reducing yields markedly, often more than 50%. the main viruses worldwide are sweet potato feathery mottle virus (spfmv) and sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (spcsv). effects on yields by spfmv or spcsv alone are ... | 2015 | 25591876 |
| protein enrichment of cassava residue using trichoderma pseudokoningii (atcc 26801). | solid state fermentation of cassava residue with trichoderma pseudokoningii was conducted for 12 days. the fermentation was carried out at temperature of 24 °c and a ph of 5.0. urea and ammonium sulphate were used as nutrient sources and moisture content varied at 60 and 70 %. protein content of the unfermented cassava residue was increased from 8.4 to 12.5 % when urea was used with initial moisture content of 70 % w/v. this study showed that a maximum of 48.1 % protein enrichment was achieved u ... | 2015 | 26695947 |
| biocatalytic synthesis of starch esters by immobilized lipase on magnetic microparticles. | enzymatic esterification is an efficient approach for modifying starch to functionalized biomaterials. in this study, conversion of cassava starch to fatty acid acyl esters using immobilized thermomyces lanuginosus lipase on fe3o4 microparticles modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and covalently linked by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide and n-hydroxysuccinimide (fe3o4-ap-ed-lipase) in a solvent-free system was studied. an optimized reaction containing 5% w/v gelatinized st ... | 2015 | 26107973 |
| resistance to sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) in genetically engineered cassava cv. ku50 through rna silencing. | cassava ranks fifth among the starch producing crops of the world, its annual bioethanol yield is higher than for any other crop. cassava cultivar ku50, the most widely grown cultivar for non-food purposes is susceptible to sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv). the objective of this work was to engineer resistance to slcmv by rna interference (rnai) in order to increase biomass yield, an important aspect for bioethanol production. here, we produced transgenic ku50 lines expressing dsrna homol ... | 2015 | 25901740 |
| phylogenetic analysis and biolistic infectivity of a cloned sri lankan cassava mosaic virus dna-a from tamil nadu, india on nicotiana benthamiana. | the complete nucleotide sequence of sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) dna-a isolated from cassava in southern india was analyzed, a phylogenetic analysis with other begomoviral nucleotide sequences was performed and an efficient inoculation method of nicotiana benthamiana with the cloned dna was developed utilizing a biolistic device. the nucleotide sequence showed the conservation of all functional begomoviral protein domains and aligned most closely with begomoviruses reported from the i ... | 2015 | 25790052 |
| studies on differential behavior of cassava mosaic geminivirus dna components, symptom recovery patterns, and their sirna profiles. | cassava mosaic disease caused by cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmgs) with bipartite genome organization is a major constraint for production of cassava in the african continent and the indian sub-continent. currently, there are eleven recognized species of cmgs, and several diverse isolates represent them, with vast amount of sequence variability, reflecting into diversity of symptom severity/phenotypes. here, we make a systematic effort to study the infection dynamics of several species of cmgs ... | 2015 | 25724177 |
| resistance gene analogs involved in tolerant cassava--geminivirus interaction that shows a recovery phenotype. | the current literature describes recovery from virus-induced symptoms as a rna silencing defense, but immunity-related genes, including the structurally specific resistance gene analogs (rgas) that may play a key role in tolerance and recovery is not yet reported. in this study, the transcriptome data of tolerant cassava tme3 (which exhibits a recovery phenotype) and susceptible cassava t200 infected with south african cassava mosaic virus were explored for rgas. putative resistance protein anal ... | 2015 | 26370397 |
| [detection of syrup adulterants in prepackaged pure pineapple juice by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and chemometric analysis]. | this study was performed to establish a method that can quickly and accurately identify adulterated syrup in the pure pineapple juice. a attenuated total internal refraction-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to collect the range of 900 -1 500 cm(-1) infrared spectra of 234 samples pure pineapple juice and adulterated syrup by beet syrup, rice syrup and cassava syrup. by using linear discriminant analysis and support vector machine for the identification model, comparing the full s ... | 2015 | 26904809 |
| cg gene body dna methylation changes and evolution of duplicated genes in cassava. | dna methylation is important for the regulation of gene expression and the silencing of transposons in plants. here we present genome-wide methylation patterns at single-base pair resolution for cassava (manihot esculenta, cultivar tme 7), a crop with a substantial impact in the agriculture of subtropical and tropical regions. on average, dna methylation levels were higher in all three dna sequence contexts (cg, chg, and chh, where h equals a, t, or c) than those of the most well-studied model p ... | 2015 | 26483493 |
| overexpression of the transporters atzip1 and atmtp1 in cassava changes zinc accumulation and partitioning. | zinc deficiency in humans is a serious problem worldwide with an estimated one third of populations at risk for insufficient zinc in diet, which leads to impairment of cognitive abilities and immune system function. the goal of this research was to increase the bioavailable zinc in the edible portion of cassava roots to improve the overall zinc nutrition of populations that rely on cassava as a dietary staple. to increase zinc concentrations, two arabidopsis thaliana genes coding for zip1 and mt ... | 2015 | 26217349 |
| prevalence and genetic diversity of endosymbiotic bacteria infecting cassava whiteflies in africa. | cassava provides over half of the dietary requirement for more than 200 million poor in africa. in recent years, cassava has been affected by an epidemic of a virus disease called cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) that is spreading in much of eastern and central africa, affecting food security and the economic development of the poor. the viruses that cause cbsd are transmitted by the insect vector whitefly (bemisia tabaci), which have increased to very high numbers in some african countries. ... | 2015 | 25933928 |
| the dynamics and environmental influence on interactions between cassava brown streak disease and the whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) is currently the most significant virus disease phenomenon affecting african agriculture. in this study, we report results from the most extensive set of field data so far presented for cbsd in africa. from assessments of 515 farmers' plantings of cassava, incidence in the coastal zone of tanzania (46.5% of plants; 87% of fields affected) was higher than in the lake zone (22%; 34%), but incidences for both zones were greater than previous published records. th ... | 2015 | 25585059 |
| species and endosymbiont diversity of bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) on vegetable crops in senegal. | bemisia tabaci-transmitted geminiviruses are one of the major threats on cassava and vegetable crops in africa. however, to date, few studies are available on the diversity of b. tabaci and their associated endosymbionts in africa. more than 28 species have been described in the complex of b. tabaci cryptic species; among them, 2 are invasive pests worldwide: med and meam1. in order to assess the species diversity of b. tabaci in vegetable crops in senegal, several samplings in different localit ... | 2015 | 24789572 |
| survey on whiteflies and their parasitoids in cassava mosaic pandemic areas of tanzania using morphological and molecular techniques. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) is the vector of cassava mosaic geminiviruses (cmgs) and cassava brown streak viruses (cbsvs) in africa, which cause devastating yield losses. as a prerequisite to developing biological control methods and enhancing knowledge of the fauna of whitefly parasitoids in sub-saharan africa, endemic parasitoids were surveyed in the cassava-growing regions of tanzania and analysed using both morphological and molecular methods. an attempt was made to corroborate the identifica ... | 2015 | 24753389 |
| effect of cassava bioethanol by-product and crude palm oil in brahman x thai native yearling heifer cattle diets: ii. carcass characteristics and meat quality. | this experiment was conducted to determine the effects of cassava bioethanol by-product (cep) and crude palm oil (cpo) on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of yearling heifer cattle. eighteen crossbred brahman × thai heifers were randomly allotted to 2 × 3 factorial arrangement consisting of two levels of cep (15 or 30 %, lcep or hcep) and 3 levels of cpo (0, 2, and 4 %). the results obtained showed that lean meat was greater (p < 0.05) in hcep-fed cattle, but bone percentage and lean ... | 2015 | 26292792 |
| use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows. | the aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (wcsed) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows. four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of wcsed as a substitute for corn. the intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated. there was a reduction in dry matter ... | 2015 | 25860971 |
| cassava peel as a replacement for corn in the diet of lactating cows. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the replacement of corn with cassava peel in the diets of dairy cows. eight holstein cows were used. the experimental treatments consisted of four replacement levels of corn with cassava peel (0, 33, 66, and 100 %). the replacement of corn with cassava peel linearly decreased the intake and digestibility of dry matter and organic matter, but did not alter the intake of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein. in addition, there was a linear d ... | 2015 | 25686553 |
| biogas production from vietnamese animal manure, plant residues and organic waste: influence of biomass composition on methane yield. | anaerobic digestion is an efficient and renewable energy technology that can produce biogas from a variety of biomasses such as animal manure, food waste and plant residues. in developing countries this technology is widely used for the production of biogas using local biomasses, but there is little information about the value of these biomasses for energy production. this study was therefore carried out with the objective of estimating the biogas production potential of typical vietnamese bioma ... | 2015 | 25557826 |
| feeding and lying behavior of heat-stressed early lactation cows fed low fiber diets containing roughage and nonforage fiber sources. | in addition to reduced nutrient intake, an environmental thermal load may directly affect milk yield in heat-stressed dairy cows. feeding and lying behaviors of early lactation cows fed low fiber diets containing neutral detergent fiber (ndf) from roughage and nonforage fiber sources (nffs) were investigated under summer conditions in thailand. immediately after calving, 30 multiparous cows (87.5% holstein × 12.5% sahiwal) were randomly allocated to dietary treatments for 63 d in a completely ra ... | 2015 | 25497805 |
| effect of concentrate supplementation on nutrient digestibility and growth of brahman crossbred cattle fed a basal diet of grass and rice straw. | an experiment was conducted in vietnam to test the hypothesis that total dry matter (dm) intake and liveweight (lw) gain would increase in a curvilinear manner with increasing amounts of concentrate offered. | 2015 | 26413310 |
| intake of partially defatted brazil nut flour reduces serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic patients--a randomized controlled trial. | thyroid hormones can lower levels of atherogenic lipoproteins, and selenium is important in thyroid hormone homeostasis. we aimed to investigate the effects of a healthy diet associated with the brazil nut (bertholletia excelsa) in dyslipidemic and hypertensive patients. | 2015 | 26077768 |
| influence of varying levels of supplemental cassava root meal without or with groundnut cake on performance of growing laisind cattle. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of varying levels of cassava root meal (crm, 300 and 1,000 g), without or with 700 g groundnut cake (gnc) on intake and performance of growing laisind cattle fed with a basal diet of urea-treated rice straw (urtrs). twenty-four male cattle of crossbred laisind (50% red sindhi and 50 % local yellow, both bos indicus), from 15 to 17 months of age, 165-175 kg body weight, were used. they were assigned to a completely randomiz ... | 2014 | 24715209 |
| effect of cassava bioethanol by-product and crude palm oil in brahman x thai native yearling heifer cattle diets: i. nutrient digestibility and growth performance. | the effects of cassava bioethanol by-product (cep) and crude palm oil (cpo) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of yearling heifers were investigated in a 150-day feeding trial. eighteen, crossbred heifers (brahman x thai native) were randomly allotted according to 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. low or high levels of cep (15 or 30% of concentrate, lcep, or hcep) were basal treatments and 0, 2, and 4% cpo were daily top-dressed. concentrate was supplemented at 1.75% of bo ... | 2014 | 24510198 |
| biology and management of bemisia whitefly vectors of cassava virus pandemics in africa. | cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease are caused by viruses transmitted by bemisia tabaci and affect approximately half of all cassava plants in africa, resulting in annual production losses of more than $us 1 billion. a historical and current bias towards virus rather than vector control means that these diseases continue to spread, and high bemisia populations threaten future virus spread even if the extant strains and species are controlled. progress has been made in parts o ... | 2014 | 24706604 |
| ipomovirus--an atypical genus in the family potyviridae transmitted by whiteflies. | ipomoviruses (genus ipomovirus) are whitefly-transmitted viruses assigned to the family potyviridae. they are characterised by filamentous flexible particles and a positive-sense single-stranded rna (+ssrna) genome. the viral genome is translated into a polyprotein precursor, which is processed into mature proteins and a short overlapping open reading frame. the genus ipomovirus contains four accepted species and one unapproved species, and two other tentative members have recently been characte ... | 2014 | 24464680 |
| spatio-temporal patterns of genetic change amongst populations of cassava bemisia tabaci whiteflies driving virus pandemics in east and central africa. | the greatest current threat to cassava in sub-saharan africa, is the continued expansion of plant virus pandemics being driven by super-abundant populations of the whitefly vector, bemisia tabaci. to track the association of putatively genetically distinct populations of b. tabaci with pandemics of cassava mosaic disease (cmd) and cassava brown streak disease (cbsd), a comprehensive region-wide analysis examined the phylogenetic relationships and population genetics of 642 b. tabaci adults sampl ... | 2014 | 24291251 |
| transcriptional response of virus-infected cassava and identification of putative sources of resistance for cassava brown streak disease. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is a major food staple in sub-saharan africa, which is severely affected by cassava brown streak disease (cbsd). the aim of this study was to identify resistance for cbsd as well as to understand the mechanism of putative resistance for providing effective control for the disease. three cassava varieties; kaleso, kiroba and albert were inoculated with cassava brown streak viruses by grafting and also using the natural insect vector the whitefly, bemisia tabaci. kaleso ... | 2014 | 24846209 |
| mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of liquid waste, press water and pond water, produced in the cassava flour industry, and of antitoxic sodium thiosulfate. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a plant used as food and an ingredient in industry, contains cyanogenic glycosides. the cassava root contains wastewater, popularly known as manipueira, which is a toxic substance. its ingestion by animals causes poisoning although they react positively to treatment with sodium thiosulfate. the present research evaluates the cytotoxicity and the mutagenicity of liquid waste produced in the process of industrialization of the bitter cassava, olho-junto variety. ... | 2014 | 23775422 |
| rnaseq analysis of cassava reveals similar plant responses upon infection with pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. | an rnaseq-based analysis of the cassava plants inoculated with xam allowed the identification of transcriptional upregulation of genes involved in jasmonate metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and putative targets for a tale. cassava bacterial blight, a disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), is a major limitation to cassava production worldwide and especially in developing countries. the molecular mechanisms underlying cassava susceptibilit ... | 2014 | 25120000 |
| xanthomonas axonopodis virulence is promoted by a transcription activator-like effector-mediated induction of a sweet sugar transporter in cassava. | the gene-for-gene concept has historically been applied to describe a specific resistance interaction wherein single genes from the host and the pathogen dictate the outcome. these interactions have been observed across the plant kingdom and all known plant microbial pathogens. in recent years, this concept has been extended to susceptibility phenotypes in the context of transcription activator-like (tal) effectors that target sweet sugar transporters. however, because this interaction has only ... | 2014 | 25083909 |
| a complex population structure of the cassava pathogen xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in recent years in the caribbean region of colombia. | cassava bacterial blight, caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), is the most important bacterial disease affecting this crop. a continuous surveillance of the pathogen population dynamics is required to develop an efficient disease management program. during the 1990s, xam populations showed high levels of genetic variation and relevant migratory processes that were important determinants of the distribution of the pathogen diversity in colombia. aiming to characterize the current ... | 2014 | 24760168 |
| enzymatic esterification of tapioca maltodextrin fatty acid ester. | in this work new types of hydrophobically modified maltodextrin were prepared by enzyme-catalyzed reaction of maltodextrin and three fatty acids: decanoic acid (c-10), lauric acid (c-12) and palmitic acid (c-16). lipase obtained from thermomyces lanuginosus was found to be a useful biocatalyst in the maltodextrin esterification. esterified maltodextrin with a degree of substitution (ds) 0.015-0.084 was prepared at the optimum conditions of 60 °c for 4 h. the ds was found to be at its highest whe ... | 2014 | 24274521 |
| management of whitefly-transmitted viruses in open-field production systems. | whiteflies are a key pest of crops in open-field production throughout the tropics and subtropics. this is due in large part to the long and diverse list of devastating plant viruses transmitted by these vectors. open-field production provides many challenges to manage these viruses and in many cases adequate management has not been possible. diseases caused by whitefly-transmitted viruses have become limiting factors in open-field production of a wide range of crops, i.e., bean golden mosaic di ... | 2014 | 25410102 |
| process optimization and production kinetics for cellulase production by trichoderma viride vkf3. | microbial cellulases are the enzymes widely studied due to their enormous applications in biochemical industry. among 12 fungal isolates isolated from mangrove plant debris and soil sample collected from valanthakad mangroves, kerala, india, 3 of them were found to exhibit cellulolytic activity. among them, the most potent isolate which exhibited maximum cellulolytic activity was identified as trichoderma viride vkf3 [gene bank accession number- jx683684.1] based on colony morphology, microscopi ... | 2014 | 24600546 |
| cassava ivorian bacilliform virus is a member of the genus anulavirus. | the complete genomic sequence of cassava ivorian bacilliform virus (cibv) is described. the virus has a genomic organization similar to that of pelargonium zonate spot virus (pzsv), the type member of the genus anulavirus, but it is most closely related to a second, recently described, anulavirus, amazon lily mild mottle virus (alimmv). | 2014 | 24838850 |
| properties of cassava starch-based edible coating containing essential oils. | edible coatings were produced using cassava starch (2% and 3% w/v) containing cinnamon bark (0.05% to 0.30% v/v) or fennel (0.05% to 0.30% v/v) essential oils. edible cassava starch coating at 2% and 3% (w/v) containing or not containing 0.30% (v/v) of each essential oils conferred increased in water vapor resistance and decreased in the respiration rates of coated apple slices when compared with uncoated fruit. cassava starch coatings (2% w/v) added 0.10% or 0.30% (v/v) fennel or cinnamon bark ... | 2014 | 24410449 |
| characterisation and evaluation of a novel feedstock, manihot glaziovii, muell. arg, for production of bioenergy carriers: bioethanol and biogas. | the objective of this study was to characterise and evaluate a wild inedible cassava species, manihot glaziovii as feedstock for bioenergy production. tubers obtained from 3 different areas in tanzania were characterised and evaluated for bioethanol and biogas production. these bioenergy carriers were produced both separately and sequentially and their energy values evaluated based on these two approaches. composition analysis demonstrated that m. glaziovii is a suitable feedstock for both bioet ... | 2014 | 25237774 |
| high bioethanol titre from manihot glaziovii through fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation in automatic gas potential test system. | a process for the production of high bioethanol titre was established through fed-batch and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (fb-ssf) of wild, non-edible cassava manihot glaziovii. fb-ssf allowed fermentation of up to 390g/l of starch-derived glucose achieving high bioethanol concentration of up to 190g/l (24% v/v) with yields of around 94% of the theoretical value. the wild cassava m. glaziovii starch is hydrolysable with a low dosage of amylolytic enzymes (0.1-0.15% v/w, termamyl ... | 2014 | 24534761 |
| growth inhibition of thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces marxianus, in hydrolysates from cassava pulp. | in this study, we report the inhibition of kluyveromyces marxianus tistr5925 growth and ethanol fermentation in the presence of furan derivatives and weak acids (acetic acid and lactic acid) at high temperatures. cassava pulp, obtained as the waste from starch processing, was collected from 14 starch factories located in several provinces of thailand. at a high temperature (42 °c), the cassava pulp hydrolysate from some starch factories strongly inhibited growth and ethanol production of both k. ... | 2014 | 24781978 |
| utilization of by-products derived from bioethanol production process for cost-effective production of lactic acid. | the by-products of bioethanol production such as thin stillage (ts) and condensed distillers solubles (cds) were used as a potential nitrogen source for economical production of lactic acid. the effect of those by-products and their concentrations on lactic acid fermentation were investigated using lactobacillus paracasei chb2121. approximately, 6.7 g/l of yeast extract at a carbon source to nitrogen source ratio of 15 was required to produce 90 g/l of lactic acid in the medium containing 100 g/ ... | 2014 | 25163666 |
| tropical myelopathies. | a large number of causal agents produce spinal cord lesions in the tropics. most etiologies found in temperate regions also occur in the tropics including trauma, herniated discs, tumors, epidural abscess, and congenital malformations. however, infectious and nutritional disorders occur with higher prevalence in tropical regions. among the most common infectious etiologies are tuberculous pott's disease, brucellosis, and neuroborreliosis. parasitic diseases such as schistosomiasis, neurocysticer ... | 2014 | 24365434 |
| study of the physicochemical parameters and spontaneous fermentation during the traditional production of yakupa, an indigenous beverage produced by brazilian amerindians. | yakupa is a traditional non-alcoholic cassava beverage produced by brazilian amerindians. in this work the microbial dynamics and metabolites involved in yakupa fermentation were investigated by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and chromatography analysis, respectively. the lactic acid bacteria (lab) population was higher than yeast in the beginning of fermentation (5 log cfu ml(-1) and 3 log cfu ml(-1), respectively) and after 36 h both population increased reaching 7 log cfu ml(-1), ... | 2014 | 23996637 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cassava to succinic acid by escherichia coli nzn111. | in this study, the production of succinic acid from cassava starch and raw cassava instead of glucose by escherichia coli nzn111 was investigated. during the two-stage fermentation, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) was applied in the anaerobic stage. the results showed that both the productivity and specific productivity in the process conducted at 40°c were higher than those in the cultivation conducted at 37°c. the yield of succinic acid based on the amount of added starch ... | 2014 | 24787322 |
| influence of yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap) and roughage to concentrate ratio on ruminal fermentation and microorganisms using in vitro gas production technique. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of protein sources and roughage (r) to concentrate (c) ratio on in vitro fermentation parameters using a gas production technique. the experimental design was a 2×5 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design (crd). factor a was 2 levels of protein sources yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap) and soybean meal (sbm) and factor b was 5 levels of roughage to concentrate (r:c) ratio at 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:10 ... | 2014 | 25049924 |
| engineering geminivirus resistance in jatropha curcus. | jatropha curcus is a good candidate plant for biodiesel production in tropical and subtropical regions. however, j. curcus is susceptible to the geminivirus indian cassava mosaic virus (icmv), and frequent viral disease outbreaks severely limit productivity. therefore the development of j. curcus to carry on durable virus resistance remains crucial and poses a major biotechnological challenge. | 2014 | 25352912 |
| dna-a of a highly pathogenic indian cassava mosaic virus isolated from jatropha curcas causes symptoms in nicotiana benthamiana. | jatropha curcas mosaic disease (jcmd) is a newly emerging disease that has been reported in africa and india. here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of a new indian cassava mosaic virus isolate (icmv-sg) from singapore. infection of icmv-sg showed more severe jcmd in jatropha curcas and nicotiana benthamiana than the other icmv isolates reported previously, though icmv-sg shares high sequence identity with the other icmv isolates. agroinfectious dna-a alone sufficiently induced systemi ... | 2014 | 24445901 |
| effect of corn steep liquor (csl) and cassava wastewater (cw) on chitin and chitosan production by cunninghamella elegans and their physicochemical characteristics and cytotoxicity. | microbiological processes were used for chitin and chitosan production with cunninghamella elegans ucp/wfcc 0542 grown in different concentrations of two agro-industrial wastes, corn steep liquor (csl) and cassava wastewater (cw) established using a 2² full factorial design. the polysaccharides were extracted by alkali-acid treatment and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. the cytotoxicity of ... | 2014 | 24590203 |
| virus versus host plant micrornas: who determines the outcome of the interaction? | considering the importance of micrornas (mirnas) in the regulation of essential processes in plant pathogen interactions, it is not surprising that, while plant mirna sequences counteract viral attack via antiviral rna silencing, viruses in turn have developed antihost defense mechanisms blocking these rna silencing pathways and establish a counter-defense. in the current study, computational and stem-loop reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) approaches were employed to a) ... | 2014 | 24896088 |
| unraveling complex viral infections in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) from colombia. | in the americas, different disease symptoms have been reported in cassava including leaf mosaics, vein clearings, mottles, ring spots, leaf distortions and undeveloped and deformed storage roots. some viruses have been identified and associated with these symptoms while others have been reported in symptomless plants or latent infections. we observed that reoviruses associated with severe root symptoms (rs) of cassava frogskin disease (cfsd) are not associated with leaf symptoms (ls) observed in ... | 2014 | 24374265 |
| field evaluation of selected cassava genotypes for cassava brown streak disease based on symptom expression and virus load. | production of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a food security crop in sub-saharan africa, is threatened by the spread of cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) which manifests in part as a corky necrosis in the storage root. it is caused by either of two virus species, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv), resulting in up to 100% yield loss in susceptible varieties. | 2014 | 25526680 |
| identification of bacillus species occurring in kantong, an acid fermented seed condiment produced in ghana. | kantong is a condiment produced in ghana by the spontaneous fermentation of kapok tree (ceiba pentandra) seeds with cassava flour as an additive. fermentation is over a 48h period followed by a drying and a kneading process. although lactic acid bacteria (lab) have previously been identified other micro-organisms may also be involved in the fermentation process. in this study we examined the occurrence of aerobic endospore-forming bacteria (aeb) in raw materials, during fermentation and in the f ... | 2014 | 24747716 |
| xylanase production from bacillus aerophilus kgj2 and its application in xylooligosaccharides preparation. | xylanolytic enzyme was produced using a newly isolated bacillus aerophilus kgj2 and low cost lignocellulosic sources in solid state fermentation. seven different agricultural residues (wheat bran, tea dust, saw dust, paper waste, cassava bagasse, rice straw and rice husk) and six nitrogen source namely yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium chloride were examined for xylanase production. upon initial screening, wheat bran and ammonium chloride wer ... | 2014 | 24296408 |
| potato virus x-based expression vectors are stabilized for long-term production of proteins and larger inserts. | plus-strand rna viruses such as potato virus x (pvx) are often used as high-yielding expression vectors in plants, because they tolerate extra transgene insertion and expression without disrupting normal virus functions. however, sequence redundancy due to promoter duplication often leads to genetic instability. although heterologous subgenomic promoter-like sequences (sgps) have been successfully used in tobacco mosaic virus vectors, only homologous sgp duplications have been used in pvx vector ... | 2014 | 25171768 |
| degradation of soil cyanide by single and mixed cultures of pseudomonas stutzeri and bacillus subtilis. | the aim of this investigation was to study whether certain bacteria could be used for cyanide degradation in soil. the bacteria pseudomonas stutzeri and bacillus subtilis were selected based on their good growth in a minimal medium containing 0.8 mg ml-1 potassium cyanide (kcn). in this study we tested their ability to reduce cyanide levels in a medium containing 1.5 mg ml-1 of kcn. although both microorganisms reduced cyanide levels, pseudomonas stutzeri was the more effective test organism. la ... | 2014 | 24670334 |
| a study of aspergillus niger- hydrolyzed cassava peel meal as a carbohydrate source on the histology of broiler chickens. | the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of hydrolysed cassava peel inclusion as a replacement for maize in broiler chicken feedstuff on the histology of the internal organs of broiler chickens. thirty six, two weeks old unsexed broiler chickens were used for the study in a feeding trial of forty two days. the chickens were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments a - f using a completely randomized design. each treatment group contained two replicates of three broiler chickens ... | 2014 | 24555165 |
| genome shuffling of aspergillus niger for improving transglycosylation activity. | isomaltooligosaccharides (imo), the glucosylsaccharides used as food additives, are made from saccharified starch by enzymes or microbial cells with transglycosylation activity. this study aimed to generate shuffled futants of aspergillus niger with enhanced transglycosylation activity for industrial imo production. the starting mutant population was generated by (60)co-γ radiation; mutants with higher transglycosylation activity were selected and subjected to recursive protoplast fusion. the re ... | 2014 | 24043449 |
| sri lankan cassava mosaic virus replication associated protein (rep) triggers transposition of is426 in agrobacterium. | we report a high rate of is426 transposition in agrobacterium tumefaciens in the presence of the sri lankan cassava mosaic virus (slcmv) replication associated protein gene (rep). upon conjugal transfer of the binary plasmid pcam-slcmv-rep with the slcmv rep gene in the sense orientation under the transcriptional control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter into the a. tumefaciens vir helper strain eha105, the binary plasmid size increased in all 15 transconjugants studied. southe ... | 2014 | 25135797 |
| analysis of the contrast between natural occurrence of toxigenic aspergilli of the flavi section and aflatoxin b1 in cassava. | aflatoxin b1 (afb1) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by aspergilli of the section flavi that may contaminate food, in the field or during storage. cassava represents an important staple food in sub-saharan africa. the analysis of aflatoxigenic fungi in 36 cassava samples obtained from producers in benin indicated that 40% were contaminated by aspergilli of the section flavi. upon morphological and molecular characterization of the 20 isolates, 16 belonged to aspergillus flavus, 2 to aspergil ... | 2014 | 24290638 |
| saccharification and liquefaction of cassava starch: an alternative source for the production of bioethanol using amylolytic enzymes by double fermentation process. | cassava starch is considered as a potential source for the commercial production of bioethanol because of its availability and low market price. it can be used as a basic source to support large-scale biological production of bioethanol using microbial amylases. with the progression and advancement in enzymology, starch liquefying and saccharifying enzymes are preferred for the conversion of complex starch polymer into various valuable metabolites. these hydrolytic enzymes can selectively cleave ... | 2014 | 24885587 |