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cyclosporin a treatment in children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.in a pilot study 23 children with nephrotic syndrome were treated with cyclosporin a (cs) for 6-45 months. 8 children suffered from steroid dependent minimal change nephrotic syndrome (mcns) and had experienced at least one course with cytotoxic drugs, but had relapsed thereafter. 2 children had diabetes mellitus type i with nephrotic syndrome and 13 children had steroid resistant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (fsgs). cs was started with 100 mg/m2/day in two doses and increased stepwise to ...20113236762
genetic and cytogenetic analysis of the american cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis cingulata (diptera: tephritidae).the american eastern cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis cingulata, a pest of cherries in the western hemisphere, invaded europe in 1983, and since then dispersed to several european countries. information on the genetics and cytogenetics of this pest is very scarce. the mitotic karyotype and detailed photographic maps of the salivary gland polytene chromosomes of r. cingulata are presented here. the mitotic metaphase complement consists of six pairs of chromosomes with the sex chromosomes being very s ...201122447527
dirofilaria immitis and wolbachia pipientis: a thorough investigation of the symbiosis responsible for canine heartworm disease.canine heartworm disease wreaks havoc inside canines all throughout the modern world, including the usa. any region where mosquitoes thrive will provide efficient dog-to-dog transportation for the microfilaria of the infectious nematode dirofilaria immitis. veterinary scientists have recently discovered both phylogenetic and biochemical evidence for the obligate symbiosis of d. immitis and the bacteria wolbachia pipientis. as a result, veterinarians have initiated testing of antibiotic therapies ...201121922235
[resorption and metabolic utilization of d-[alpha-15n]lysine and l-[alpha-15n]lysine after oral administration, with special reference to the metabolism of intestinal bacteria].absorption of d-[alpha-15n]lysine and l-[alpha-15n]lysine following an oral single pulse labelling at a dosage of 5 mg 15n'/kg body weight was compared in four subjects aged 4 to 14 months. the wastages of 15n' in the faeces ranged from 0.3 to 5% of the input implying comparably high absorption rates of both the lysine enantiomers. only about 7.6% of the 15n from the alpha-amino groups were found in the urine after loading with l-[alpha-15n]lysine. in contrast, about 80.2% of the 15n' dose from ...20113128286
wolbachia as an "infectious" extrinsic factor manipulating host signaling pathways.wolbachia pipientis is a widespread endosymbiont of filarial nematodes and arthropods. while in worms the symbiosis is obligate, in arthropods wolbachia induces several reproductive manipulations (i.e., cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis, feminization of genetic males, and male-killing) in order to increase the number of infected females. these various phenotypic effects may be linked to differences in host physiology, and in particular to endocrine-related processes governing growth, ...201122654845
the bacteriophage woric is the active phage element in wri of drosophila simulans and represents a conserved class of wo phages.the alphaproteobacterium wolbachia pipientis, the most common endosymbiont in eukaryotes, is found predominantly in insects including many drosophila species. although wolbachia is primarily vertically transmitted, analysis of its genome provides evidence for frequent horizontal transfer, extensive recombination and numerous mobile genetic elements. the genome sequence of wolbachia in drosophila simulans riverside (wri) is available along with the integrated bacteriophages, enabling a detailed e ...201122085419
high prevalence and lack of diversity of wolbachia pipientis in aedes albopictus populations from northeast brazil.the use of wolbachia as a tool to control insect vectors has recently been suggested. in this context, studies on the prevalence and diversity of this bacterium in wild populations are relevant. here, we evaluated the diversity of two wolbachiagenes (ftsz and wsp) and the prevalence of this endosymbiont in wild aedes albopictus. using semi-nested polymerase chain reaction, our results showed that 99.3% of the individuals were superinfected with wolbachia. in regards to genetic diversity, the two ...201122012236
characterization of an intergenic polymorphic site (pp-hc1a_5) in wolbachia pipientis (wpip).wolbachia pipientis (wpip) is an intracellular bacterium causing cytoplasmic incompatibility in arthropods, including mosquitoes of the culex pipiens complex. here, we present a method useful for genotyping within the wpip group. primers were designed using a tandem repeat finder program to amplify an intergenic, polymorphic site (pp-hc1a_5) of wpip. the polymorphic site is located between genes that code for polynucleotide phosphorylase and a hypothetical protein (c1a_5). comparison of these wp ...201121676204
wolbachia bacteria reside in host golgi-related vesicles whose position is regulated by polarity proteins.wolbachia pipientis are intracellular symbiotic bacteria extremely common in various organisms including drosophila melanogaster, and are known for their ability to induce changes in host reproduction. these bacteria are present in astral microtubule-associated vesicular structures in host cytoplasm, but little is known about the identity of these vesicles. we report here that wolbachia are restricted only to a group of golgi-related vesicles concentrated near the site of membrane biogenesis and ...201121829485
a new species of litomosoides (nematoda: onchocercidae), parasite of nectomys palmipes (rodentia: cricetidae: sigmodontinae) from venezuela: description, molecular evidence, wolbachia pipientis screening.abstract: the onchocercid filaria litomosoides taylori sp. n. is described from the sigmodontine cricetid nectomys palmipes allen et chapman in northeast venezuela. a voucher specimen of the new species was used for molecular analysis of the coxi and 12s rdna genes, and screened for the presence of the endobacterium wolbachia pipientis. litomosoides taylori belongs to the "sigmodontis group" of litomosoides and a combination of characters can be used to distinguish it from the remaining 18 speci ...201121776894
variable infection frequency and high diversity of multiple strains of wolbachia pipientis in perkinsiella planthoppers.this survey of wolbachia infections in populations of the planthoppers perkinsiella saccharicida and perkinsiella vitiensis revealed variable frequencies, low-titer infections, and high phylogenetic diversities of strains. these observations add to the growing realization that wolbachia infections may be extremely common within invertebrates and yet occur infrequently within populations and at low titer within individuals.201121278277
ovarian carcinoma: abdominopelvic irradiation following reexploration.twenty patients with ovarian cancer, who following reexploration were left with residual disease nodules of less than 2 cm diameter, received abdominopelvic irradiation. of these patients 18 had previous chemotherapy. fifteen patients completed treatment, 13 of whom had prior chemotherapy. six of the 18 patients with invasive tumors were alive and disease free 18-53 months postradiotherapy, while only 4 patients had died at the time of follow-up. no patient with residual nodules greater than 1 c ...20113141249
nursing's role in promoting health for elders in the community. 20113071500
fatty acid components of larval ostrea edulis (l.): importance of triacylglycerols as a fatty acid reserve.1. the fatty acid profiles of all of the acyl-lipid classes of 1- and 10-day-old european oyster ostrea edulis (l.) larvae were studied in detail by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. 2. no significant changes in the fatty acids were detected between the different larval stages. 3. total lipid fatty acids showed a higher degree of unsaturation than previously reported. this may be a consequence of the extraction of lipids from the living tissues without sample storage. 4. one-third of the tria ...20113248373
syto11 staining vs fish staining: a comparison of two methods to stain wolbachia pipientis in cell cultures.the aedes albopictus c7-10 cell line was infected with wolbachia strains wri and walbb to create c7-10r and c7-10b cell lines, respectively. we compared two different methods, fluorescence in situ hybridization staining and syto11 staining, to describe these new wolbachia infections in c7-10.201121214605
a wolbachia symbiont in aedes aegypti disrupts mosquito egg development to a greater extent when mosquitoes feed on nonhuman versus human blood.a vertebrate bloodmeal is required by female mosquitoes of most species to obtain nutrients for egg maturation. the yellowfever mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.), feeds predominantly on humans, despite having the capacity to use blood from other hosts for this process. here, we report that female ae. aegypti infected with a virulent strain of the intracellular bacterium wolbachia pipientis (wmelpop) from drosophila melanogaster (meigen) have a reduced ability to use blood for egg development. blood f ...201121337952
a secure semi-field system for the study of aedes aegypti.new contained semi-field cages are being developed and used to test novel vector control strategies of dengue and malaria vectors. we herein describe a new quarantine insectary level-2 (qic-2) laboratory and field cages (james cook university mosquito research facility semi-field system; mrf sfs) that are being used to measure the impact of the endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis on populations of aedes aegypti in cairns australia.201121445333
wolbachia uses host micrornas to manipulate host gene expression and facilitate colonization of the dengue vector aedes aegypti.the obligate endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis is found in a wide range of invertebrates where they are best known for manipulating host reproduction. recent studies have shown that wolbachia also can modulate the lifespan of host insects and interfere with the development of human pathogens in mosquito vectors. despite considerable study, very little is known about the molecular interactions between wolbachia and its hosts that might mediate these effects. using microarrays, we show that the mic ...201121576469
Changes in the genetic structure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations in Queensland, Australia, across two seasons: implications for potential mosquito releases.Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes could be controlled if vector populations were replaced with strains that have reduced vector competency. Such a strategy is being developed for control of dengue virus which is transmitted by Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquitoes artificially infected with the bacterium, Wolbachia pipientis Hertig, are being assessed as candidates for release at the adult stage with the aim of replacement of the wild population. Wolbachia can reduce the capacity ...201121936318
assessing key safety concerns of a wolbachia-based strategy to control dengue transmission by aedes mosquitoes.mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever, chikungunya or malaria affect millions of people each year and control solutions are urgently needed. an international research program is currently being developed that relies on the introduction of the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis into aedes aegypti to control dengue transmission. in order to prepare for open-field testing releases of wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, an intensive social research and community engagement program was unde ...201021225190
lutzomyia sand fly diversity and rates of infection by wolbachia and an exotic leishmania species on barro colorado island, panama.sand flies (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotominae) in the genus lutzomyia are the predominant vectors of the protozoan disease leishmaniasis in the new world. within the watershed of the panama canal, the cutaneous form of leishmaniasis is a continuous health threat for residents, tourists and members of an international research community. here we report the results of screening a tropical forest assemblage of sand fly species for infection by both leishmania and a microbe that can potentially se ...201020231892
a virulent wolbachia infection decreases the viability of the dengue vector aedes aegypti during periods of embryonic quiescence.a new approach for dengue control has been proposed that relies on life-shortening strains of the obligate intracellular bacterium wolbachia pipientis to modify mosquito population age structure and reduce pathogen transmission. previously we reported the stable transinfection of the major dengue vector aedes aegypti with a life-shortening wolbachia strain (wmelpop-cla) from the vinegar fly drosophila melanogaster. here, we report a further characterization of the phenotypic effects of this viru ...201020644622
wolbachia pipientis: an expanding bag of tricks to explore for disease control.wolbachia pipientis are maternally inherited, endosymbiotic bacteria that are widespread among insects. two recent studies have demonstrated that wolbachia inhibits the ability of medically significant pathogens, including filarial nematodes, dengue virus and plasmodium to form infections in the mosquito vector, aedes aegypti. we highlight the added value of these traits for wolbachia based biocontrol strategies and evaluate the evidence for the idea that the insect immune response is responsibl ...201020647151
the native wolbachia endosymbionts of drosophila melanogaster and culex quinquefasciatus increase host resistance to west nile virus infection.the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis has been shown to increase host resistance to viral infection in native drosophila hosts and in the normally wolbachia-free heterologous host aedes aegypti when infected by wolbachia from drosophila melanogaster or aedes albopictus. wolbachia infection has not yet been demonstrated to increase viral resistance in a native wolbachia-mosquito host system.201020700535
wolbachia stimulates immune gene expression and inhibits plasmodium development in anopheles gambiae.the over-replicating wmelpop strain of the endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis has recently been shown to be capable of inducing immune upregulation and inhibition of pathogen transmission in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. in order to examine whether comparable effects would be seen in the malaria vector anopheles gambiae, transient somatic infections of wmelpop were created by intrathoracic inoculation. upregulation of six selected immune genes was observed compared to controls, at least two of which ( ...201020949079
wolbachia-mediated resistance to dengue virus infection and death at the cellular level.dengue is currently the most important arthropod-borne viral disease of humans. recent work has shown dengue virus displays limited replication in its primary vector, the mosquito aedes aegypti, when the insect harbors the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis. wolbachia-mediated inhibition of virus replication may lead to novel methods of arboviral control, yet the functional and cellular mechanisms that underpin it are unknown.201020976219
infection with the wmel and wmelpop strains of wolbachia leads to higher levels of melanization in the hemolymph of drosophila melanogaster, drosophila simulans and aedes aegypti.introduction of the life-shortening strain of wolbachia pipientis, wmelpop, into the key dengue vector, aedes aegypti, and the anti-pathogen effects in wolbachia-infected hosts highlights the need for more research into its interactions with its original host, drosophila melanogaster, and the novel mosquito host. the visual difference in darkness between the eggs of wmelpop wolbachia-infected and uninfected mosquito hosts after egg deposition led to further investigation into melanization levels ...201021075139
bacterial diversity of field-caught mosquitoes, aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti, from different geographic regions of madagascar.symbiotic bacteria are known to play important roles in the biology of insects, but the current knowledge of bacterial communities associated with mosquitoes is very limited and consequently their contribution to host behaviors is mostly unknown. in this study, we explored the composition and diversity of mosquito-associated bacteria in relation with mosquitoes' habitats. wild aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti were collected in three different geographic regions of madagascar. culturing methods ...201021175696
bacterial endosymbiont localization in hyalesthes obsoletus, the insect vector of bois noir in vitis vinifera.one emerging disease of grapevine in europe is bois noir (bn), a phytoplasmosis caused by "candidatus phytoplasma solani" and spread in vineyards by the planthopper hyalesthes obsoletus (hemiptera: cixiidae). here we present the first full characterization of the bacterial community of this important disease vector collected from bn-contaminated areas in piedmont, italy. length heterogeneity pcr and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis targeting the 16s rrna gene revealed the presenc ...201021183640
lateral phage transfer in obligate intracellular bacteria (wolbachia): verification from natural populations.lateral transfer of mobile dna is a hallmark of bacteria with a free-living replicative stage; however, its significance in obligate intracellular bacteria and other heritable endosymbionts remains controversial. comparative sequence analyses from laboratory stocks infected with wolbachia pipientis provide some of the most compelling evidence that bacteriophage wo-b transfers laterally between infections of the same insect host. lateral transfer between coinfections, however, has been evaluated ...201019906794
[prenatal diagnosis of duchenne muscular dystrophy using dna rflp analysis]. 20102907413
characterization of a new aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae)-wolbachia pipientis (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae) symbiotic association generated by artificial transfer of the wpip strain from culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae).wolbachia is a maternally inherited endosymbiont inducing various effects in insects and other invertebrate hosts that facilitate the invasion of naive host populations. one of the effects is a form of sterility known as cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) through which females are effectively sterilized when they mate with males harboring a different wolbachia strain. the repeated mass release of cytoplasmically incompatible males can be a tool to suppress insect populations. here, we attempt to i ...201020380298
[establishment of a new continuous cell line of drosophila melanogaster strain infected by the intracellular endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis under natural conditions].wolbachia pipientis is an obligately intracellular bacterium infecting a number of arthropod and nematode species. at the body level, wolbachia infection may cause parthenogenesis, feminization of genetic males, male killing, or cytoplasmic incompatibility; it may also be asymptomatic. of special interest is dna transfer from wolbachia to the host insect genome, which was discovered recently. at the cellular level, the effects caused by wolbachia have been studied more poorly. only one of the kn ...201020198874
association of wolbachia with heartworm disease in cats and dogs.although the presence of adult dirofilaria immitis in the pulmonary arteries and its associated arteritis and thromboembolic disease can explain some of the manifestations of canine and feline heartworm disease, the cause of other findings remains unclear. cats with d. immitis antibodies but lacking adult parasites in the pulmonary arteries frequently develop histological lesions of the airways, resulting in a condition termed heartworm-associated respiratory disease. all d. immitis parasites ha ...201020193981
therapeutic drug monitoring. 20102863512
wolbachia infection and mitochondrial diversity in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis).many species of filarial nematodes are infected with wolbachia pipientis, a maternally inherited endosymbiont. in addition to manipulating host reproduction, these bacteria also affect the evolution of the mitochondrial dna with which they are transmitted. selective sweeps can establish a single mitochondrial lineage within a wolbachia-infected population and purge genetic diversity. while this phenomenon has been studied in insect model systems, it has not been thoroughly examined in a filarial ...201021171866
mito-nuclear genetic comparison in a wolbachia infected weevil: insights on reproductive mode, infection age and evolutionary forces shaping genetic variation.maternally inherited endosymbionts like wolbachia pipientis are in linkage disequilibrium with the mtdna of their hosts. therefore, they can induce selective sweeps, decreasing genetic diversity over many generations. this sex ratio distorter, that is involved in the origin of parthenogenesis and other reproductive alterations, infects the parthenogenetic weevil naupactus cervinus, a serious pest of ornamental and fruit plants.201021050430
proton beam therapy of uveal melanomas. 20103006647
proton beam therapy of uveal melanomas. 20103006647
decoupling of host-symbiont-phage coadaptations following transfer between insect species.transferring endosymbiotic bacteria between different host species can perturb the coordinated regulation of the host and bacterial genomes. here we use the most common maternally transmitted bacteria, wolbachia pipientis, to test the consequences of host genetic background on infection densities and the processes underlying those changes in the parasitoid wasp genus nasonia. introgressing the genome of nasonia giraulti into the infected cytoplasm of n. vitripennis causes a two-order-of-magnitud ...201020944019
sex and stripping: the key to the intimate relationship between wolbachia and host?wolbachia pipientis is known to infect only arthropods and nematodes (mainly filarial worms). a unique feature shared by the two phyla is the ability to replace the exoskeleton, a process known as ecdysis. this shared characteristic is thought to reflect a common ancestry. arthropod moulting is induced by the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) and a role for ecdysteroids in nematode ecdysis has also been suggested. removing wolbachia from filarial worms impairs the host's development. from ...201020585501
cerebral perfusion pressure: a hemodynamic mechanism of mannitol and the postmannitol hemogram.sixteen patients each received infusions of 1 g of mannitol per kg over 5 to 10 minutes, and serial determinations of intracranial pressure (icp), systemic arterial blood pressure (sabp), central venous pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure (cpp), hematocrit, hemoglobin, serum na+, k+, osmolarity, and fluid balance were carried out for 4 hours. urine output was replaced volume for volume with 5% dextrose in 0.45% nacl solution. we tested the hypothesis that patients with high (greater than or eq ...20103116451
the integrated use of toxorhynchites amboinensis and ground-level ulv insecticide application to suppress aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). 20102877093
transport of light in tissue in photodynamic therapy. 20102964653
[prognosis of obstetrical hemorrhages in multiparous women]. 20102955711
myths that threaten. 20103380485
wolbachia infection lowers fertile sperm transfer in a moth.the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis manipulates host reproduction by rendering infected males reproductively incompatible with uninfected females (cytoplasmic incompatibility; ci). ci is believed to occur as a result of wolbachia-induced modifications to sperm during maturation, which prevent infected sperm from initiating successful zygote development when fertilizing uninfected females' eggs. however, the mechanism by which ci occurs has been little studied outside the genus drosop ...201020880864
acute humoral rejection of an abo-unmatched liver allograft in a pediatric recipient.acute humorally mediated rejection of organ allografts has long been recognized in kidney transplantation as the syndrome of hyperacute rejection. this reaction precludes renal transplantation across the major blood-group system and in many other instances in which preformed antibodies are present in the host. there is increasing evidence of the importance of humoral rejection in graft survival following liver transplantation. although the antibodies responsible for this process have seldom been ...20103067237
acute humoral rejection of an abo-unmatched liver allograft in a pediatric recipient.acute humorally mediated rejection of organ allografts has long been recognized in kidney transplantation as the syndrome of hyperacute rejection. this reaction precludes renal transplantation across the major blood-group system and in many other instances in which preformed antibodies are present in the host. there is increasing evidence of the importance of humoral rejection in graft survival following liver transplantation. although the antibodies responsible for this process have seldom been ...20103067237
metaphyseal dysostosis schmidt type. 20103251840
autoimmunity after induction of neonatal tolerance to alloantigens: role of b cell chimerism and f1 donor b cell activation.balb/c mice rendered tolerant by the neonatal injection of semiallogeneic (c57bl/6 x balb/c)f1 spleen cells develop features of autoimmune disease. the possible mechanisms involved in autoantibody production, particularly anti-dna antibodies, were investigated. in the first 5 wk, there was polyclonal b cell activation, as indicated by marked hypergammaglobulinemia, with a predominance of igg1 and an increased production of antihapten antibodies. igg1 anti-ssdna and anti-dsdna antibodies were det ...20102940295
4-amino-3-(2,3,5-tri-o-benzyl-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-5-pyrazole-carb oni trile. synthesis and conversion into a sugar-blocked 5,7-disubstituted formycin analog.the title compound, a potential intermediate to protected c-nucleoside analogs related to formycin a, was synthesized via a new route wherein 2,3,5-tri-o-benzyl-1-o-p-nitrophenyl)-d-ribofuranose was converted to 2,5-anhydro-3,4,6-tri-o-benzyl-d-allonic acid, and further transformed into 4-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-5-ethoxycarbonyl-3-(2,3,5-tri-o-benzyl-beta-d- ribofuranosyl)pyrazole. after amidation and dehydration to form the 4-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-5-pyrazolecarbonitrile, acidolysis followed b ...20103401884
facial nerve hemangioma. 20102916829
pancreatic abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus. 20102893166
[a comparative study of clinics: terminal care personnel need communication, support and comfort to provide good care]. 20102918796
changes in serum enzymes in moderate drinkers after an alcohol challenge.when 14 "moderate" drinkers abstained from alcohol for four weeks, the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (ggt; ec 2.3.2.2) in their serum showed a large decrease. immediately after the period of abstention, an orally given ethanol challenge of 1 g/kg produced a marked increase in serum ggt at 24 h, followed by a slow decline thereafter. aspartate amino-transferase activity in serum was significantly increased at 24 h; however, alkaline phosphate, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydro ...20102894905
methimazole antagonises hla-dr3 suppression of aids. 20102880104
[ultrastructural study of left ventricular myocardium in mitral regurgitation--correlations with postoperative cardiac functions].light and electron microscopic examination was carried out in tissue samples which were obtained from the left ventricular free wall in 21 patients with mitral regurgitation during open-heart surgery. their correlations with postoperative cardiac functions were also studied. the area of the interstitial fibrosis (%fib) was calculated from the light microscopic examination of the tissue samples, and changes of intracellular structures were expressed in scores by means of electron microscopy (em-s ...20092768908
inhibitory effect of disulfiram (antabuse) on alcohol dehydrogenase activity.we investigated the effect of disulfiram (antabuse) on the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.1) in vitro. we observed a time-dependent inhibition of this dehydrogenase by disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate similar to that obtained for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ec 1.2.1.3). these results suggest a possible explanation for various side effects observed in the clinical use of antabuse.20092822291
inhibitory effect of disulfiram (antabuse) on alcohol dehydrogenase activity.we investigated the effect of disulfiram (antabuse) on the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.1) in vitro. we observed a time-dependent inhibition of this dehydrogenase by disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate similar to that obtained for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ec 1.2.1.3). these results suggest a possible explanation for various side effects observed in the clinical use of antabuse.20092822291
a more cost-effective method of preoperative computerized imaging.stimulated by the explosive expansion of the computerized desk top publishing industry during the past few years, microcomputer hardware and software are evolving at a staggering rate. memory is rapidly increasing, and prices are declining. i have found that with the hardware and software described in this paper, i was able to obtain, in a much more cost-effective manner, as useful preoperative information for my practice as i could obtain with more expensive "turnkey" (only one use) computerize ...20092734393
[development of active research and seminar activities--at the nursing research training center of chiba university school of nursing]. 20092739161
[heparin therapy of pregnant women with placental insufficiency].in the presence of low-dosage administrations of heparin the system of hemostasis was studied in 50 pregnant females with placental failure and the chronic dic syndrome. the efficacy of the treatment conducted was assessed with regard to the revealed levels of coagulation natural inhibitors, the products of fibrinogen-fibrin degradation, the degree of thrombocytic functional recovery and stabilization of the chronometric values of coagulation. the latter parameters considered together with the l ...20092817276
[treatment of persistent cardiac failure by ultrafiltration].ultrafiltration, a method of extra renal filtering, which accomplishes an iso-osmotic removal of water an sodium from the plasma, was used in twelve patients. it is reserved for terminal persistent heart failures. in one case, it preceded a heart transplant. simple to carry out, this technique is well tolerated when the pulmonary pressure is elevated, respecting an ultrafiltration output inferior or equal to 500 ml/h. immediate improvement of the patients is spectacular. a new treatment failure ...20092735736
model to evaluate ventricular insufficiency utilizing first-pass radioventriculogram component analysis. 20092738673
quantitative pathologic analysis of first and second primary cancers in double tumors of the lung.in spite of the frequent occurrence of double tumors of the lung, pathologic reports on these tumors are rare. in this study, 34 patients with double tumors (10 metachronous and 24 synchronous) were quantitatively analyzed; in all cases, both the first and second tumors had been completely resected and had adequate archival material. one aim of the study was to investigate whether there was a difference in the malignancy of the first and second tumors, as evaluated from their pathologic features ...20092719795
modulation of postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia by cellulose in mixed nutrient combinations.the present study was designed to examine the effect of cellulose (cl) on postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia when ingested with glucose (g), casein (cs) and maize oil (co) in various combinations. the study was conducted on five healthy male volunteers, on each of whom five meal tolerance tests were performed. the meals were isoenergetic and consisted of g; g and cl; g, cs and cl; g, co and cl; g, cs, co and cl. the meals were administered after an overnight fast. in addition to a fasting v ...20092675962
should we stop using theophylline for the treatment of the hospitalized patient with status asthmaticus?recent reviews and editorials have indicated that theophylline may not be effective for the therapy of acute severe asthma. this judgment is primarily based on data comparing the efficacy of theophylline to inhaled beta 2-agonists in the emergency room treatment of asthma. the authors believe that it is inappropriate to extrapolate data from short-term studies in the emergency room setting to the hospitalized patients with status asthmaticus. studies of hospitalized patients in which the patient ...20092690474
the potential use of cyclodextrins in parenteral formulations.the general use of cyclodextrins in drug formulations is reviewed. the ability of cyclodextrins to form reversible inclusion complexes with many drugs can eliminate various undesirable physicochemical properties. while beta-cyclodextrin is extremely useful in many of these applications, it is toxic when given parenterally, precluding its use in i.v. and other formulations. chemically modified cyclodextrins such as 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin are amorphous isomeric mixtures which are potent ...20092681643
the use of psychotropic agents in pregnancy and lactation.the question of which psychotropic medications are safe during pregnancy is likely to remain unanswered for many years to come. there are ethical limitations to performing the type of prospective controlled studies required to answer a scientific question of this type definitively. at the present time, in all patients with worsening psychiatric illness during pregnancy, be it in the schizophrenic, affective, anxiety disorder, or personality disorder spectrum, outpatient psychotherapy, hospitaliz ...20092652114
inter-urban comparison of ambient volatile organic compound concentration in u.s. cities. 20092732765
changing the system. 20092635967
clinical and immune recovery from omenn syndrome after bone marrow transplantation. 20092647948
[intensive research on antiviral agents--a review]. 20092664385
mechanism of mammalian ovulation.the sequence of ovarian events during the process of ovulation discussed in this review is schematically represented in figure 1. it is obvious that lh, perhaps with some contribution from fsh, is the normal physiological trigger for the ovulatory sequence of events and it appears from the available information that lh's effects are mainly mediated via adenylate cyclase and increased camp. the camp in turn, via camp-dependent protein kinase, influences at least three distinct steps in the ovulat ...20092657783
directly repeated sequences associated with pathogenic mitochondrial dna deletions.we determined the nucleotide sequences of junctional regions associated with large deletions of mitochondrial dna found in four unrelated individuals with a phenotype of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. in each patient, the deletion breakpoint occurred within a directly repeated sequence of 13-18 base pairs, present in different regions of the normal mitochondrial genome-separated by 4.5-7.7 kilobases. in two patients, the deletions were identical. when all four repeated sequences a ...20092813377
directly repeated sequences associated with pathogenic mitochondrial dna deletions.we determined the nucleotide sequences of junctional regions associated with large deletions of mitochondrial dna found in four unrelated individuals with a phenotype of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. in each patient, the deletion breakpoint occurred within a directly repeated sequence of 13-18 base pairs, present in different regions of the normal mitochondrial genome-separated by 4.5-7.7 kilobases. in two patients, the deletions were identical. when all four repeated sequences a ...20092813377
[familial infantile nephrotic syndrome with ocular abnormalities].two siblings born from consanguineous parents experienced infantile nephrotic syndrome with ocular and neurological abnormalities and a micropenis in the boy; both patients died before age 1. the opportunity to perform successively a renal biopsy and a two-step binephrectomy permitted a good histological follow-up. the lesions were characterized by mesangial involvement, followed by an extensive extracapillary proliferation and tubular dilatations with a high mitotic activity of the epithelium w ...20092812971
[familial infantile nephrotic syndrome with ocular abnormalities].two siblings born from consanguineous parents experienced infantile nephrotic syndrome with ocular and neurological abnormalities and a micropenis in the boy; both patients died before age 1. the opportunity to perform successively a renal biopsy and a two-step binephrectomy permitted a good histological follow-up. the lesions were characterized by mesangial involvement, followed by an extensive extracapillary proliferation and tubular dilatations with a high mitotic activity of the epithelium w ...20092812971
history of medicine in alaska. harriet crocker jackson schirmer, m.d. 20092662801
severe hypotension from epidural meperidine in a high-risk patient after thoracotomy.a sixty-eight-year-old female developed severe hypotension immediately after the administration of epidural meperidine for post-thoracotomy pain. two preceding injections of epidural opiates had been uneventful. the cardiovascular collapse was difficult to reverse and may have contributed to the patient's subsequent death. cardiovascular complications have not been reported frequently as a possible side effect of epidural opiate analgesia.20092758544
application of nirs to the quantity control of pharmaceuticals ketoprofen assay in different pharmaceutical formulae.the possibility of using reflectance nirs to assay 2-(benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (ketoprofen) in solid-state and gel preparations is investigated. the number of samples and amplitude of the percentage content distribution of the samples is examined in order to define the best possible calibration system.20092755959
septic shock: principles of management in the emergency department.bacteremia is a potentially serious event which must be recognized early and treated aggressively to prevent progression to septicemia and septic shock. the pathophysiology of septicemia and shock includes inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation. expansion of intravascular volume and pharmacologic cardiovascular support are designed to minimize resulting end-organ injury. initial antibiotic therapy must be individualized and should include an agent or agents active against the common pathoge ...20092691993
[early functional treatment following sports injuries]. 20092718517
response to "an interpretive study describing the clinical judgment of nurse practitioners". 20092772453
craniofacial manifestations of ehlers-danlos syndromes, cutis laxa syndromes, and cutis laxa-like syndromes. 20092697382
sce induction by ccnu and pregnancy. 20092704378
screening for cancer of the cervix. 20092687425
[a case of immediate fertility restoration following childbirth].we report an unwanted pregnancy following immediately after fulltime childbirth. we could not find previous reports of this nature in international literature. women who give bottle-feeding are even more liable to early return of ovulatory cycles than women who give breastfeeding. if a puerpera has vaginal bleeding (not lochia), there is an increased risk of ovulation as well as of endometritis. it is no longer acceptable to take impossibility to conceive immediately after delivery for granted: ...20092654662
proteasome activity in a naïve mosquito cell line infected with wolbachia pipientis walbb.we used wolbachia pipientis strain walbb from aedes albopictus aa23 cells to infect clonal ae. albopictus tk-6 cells, which are resistant to 5-bromodeoxyuridine. infected tk-6 cells were cultured in medium containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine to select against aa23 cells that might have persisted in the inoculum. infected tk-6 lines retained the wolbachia infection for 5 mo, indicating that their metabolic processes support wolbachia growth and multiplication. to investigate early events after wolbach ...200919296184
pcr analysis for wolbachia in human and canine demodex mites.in many skin diseases such as demodex folliculitis, rosacea- or steroid-induced rosacea demodex mites are present in abundance and are at least partially held responsible for causing these disorders. although it is known that these diseases respond well to tetracyclines, it is unclear if this is due to the antiinflammatory effects of the antibiotics or to an antibacterial effect on so far unknown bacteria within the demodex mites. as in filariasis, where the response to doxycycline can be explai ...200919652990
wolbachia induces strong cytoplasmic incompatibility in the predatory bug macrolophus pygmaeus.macrolophus pygmaeus is a heteropteran predator that is widely used in european glasshouses for the biological control of whiteflies, aphids, thrips and spider mites. we have demonstrated that the insect is infected with the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis. several gene fragments of the endosymbiont were sequenced and subsequently used for phylogenetic analysis, revealing that it belongs to the wolbachia supergroup b. the endosymbiont was visualized within the ovarioles using immunol ...200919523069
conservation of the type iv secretion system throughout wolbachia evolution.the type iv secretion system (t4ss) is an efficient pathway with which bacteria can mediate the transfer of dna and/or proteins to eukaryotic cells. in wolbachia pipientis, a maternally inherited obligate endosymbiont of arthropods and nematodes, two operons of vir genes, virb3-b6 and virb8-d4, encoding a t4ss were previously identified and characterized at two separate genomic loci. using the largest data set of wolbachia strains studied so far, we show that vir gene sequence and organization a ...200919486895
unravelling the wolbachia evolutionary role: the reprogramming of the host genomic imprinting.environmental factors can induce significant epigenetic changes that may also be inherited by future generations. the maternally inherited symbiont of arthropods wolbachia pipientis is an excellent candidate as an 'environmental' factor promoting trans-generational epigenetic changes: by establishing intimate relationships with germ-line cells, epigenetic effects of wolbachia symbiosis would be manifested as a 'maternal effect', in which infection of the mother modulates the offspring phenotype. ...200919364731
evidence for metabolic provisioning by a common invertebrate endosymbiont, wolbachia pipientis, during periods of nutritional stress.wolbachia are ubiquitous inherited endosymbionts of invertebrates that invade host populations by modifying host reproductive systems. however, some strains lack the ability to impose reproductive modification and yet are still capable of successfully invading host populations. to explain this paradox, theory predicts that such strains should provide a fitness benefit, but to date none has been detected. recently completed genome sequences of different wolbachia strains show that these bacteria ...200919343208
variation in antiviral protection mediated by different wolbachia strains in drosophila simulans.drosophila c virus (dcv) is a natural pathogen of drosophila and a useful model for studying antiviral defences. the drosophila host is also commonly infected with the widespread endosymbiotic bacteria wolbachia pipientis. when dcv coinfects wolbachia-infected d. melanogaster, virus particles accumulate more slowly and virus induced mortality is substantially delayed. considering that wolbachia is estimated to infect up to two-thirds of all insect species, the observed protective effects of wolb ...200919911047
structural and functional characterization of the oxidoreductase alpha-dsba1 from wolbachia pipientis.the alpha-proteobacterium wolbachia pipientis is a highly successful intracellular endosymbiont of invertebrates that manipulates its host's reproductive biology to facilitate its own maternal transmission. the fastidious nature of wolbachia and the lack of genetic transformation have hampered analysis of the molecular basis of these manipulations. structure determination of key wolbachia proteins will enable the development of inhibitors for chemical genetics studies. wolbachia encodes a homolo ...200919265485
an ancient horizontal gene transfer between mosquito and the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis.the extent and biological relevance of horizontal gene transfer (hgt) in eukaryotic evolution remain highly controversial. recent studies have demonstrated frequent and large-scale hgt from endosymbiotic bacteria to their hosts, but the great majority of these transferred genes rapidly become nonfunctional in the recipient genome. here, we investigate an ancient hgt between a host metazoan and an endosymbiotic bacterium, wolbachia pipientis. the transferred gene has so far been found only in mos ...200918988686
effects on male fitness of removing wolbachia infections from the mosquito aedes albopictus.cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) induced by maternally inherited wolbachia bacteria is a potential tool for the suppression of insect pest species with appropriate patterns of infection. the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) is known to be infected by two strains of wolbachia pipientis hertig (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae), walb a and walb b, throughout its geographical distribution. this infection pattern theoretically restricts the application of ci-based cont ...200919292821
the mosaic genome structure of the wolbachia wri strain infecting drosophila simulans.the obligate intracellular bacterium wolbachia pipientis infects around 20% of all insect species. it is maternally inherited and induces reproductive alterations of insect populations by male killing, feminization, parthenogenesis, or cytoplasmic incompatibility. here, we present the 1,445,873-bp genome of w. pipientis strain wri that induces very strong cytoplasmic incompatibility in its natural host drosophila simulans. a comparison with the previously sequenced genome of w. pipientis strain ...200919307581
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