Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the team program at the university of maryland. | 2015 | 4514898 | |
| dental failures related to diagnostic and therapeutic errors. | 2015 | 4500280 | |
| [alcoholism in the trentino area. clinico-statistical data on 822 male patients hospitalized in 1971 in a department of general medicine]. | 2015 | 4826129 | |
| [exposure of patients in x-ray diagnosis]. | 2015 | 4482049 | |
| [a study of the evaluation of medical care in homes for the aged]. | 2015 | 4491860 | |
| intracerebral burkitt's lymphoma: pathology, clinical features and treatment. | 2015 | 4462720 | |
| [indices of transaminase and aldolase activity in dermatomyositis in children]. | 2015 | 5029765 | |
| [role of macrophages in immunologic phenomena]. | 2015 | 4419079 | |
| a late autosomal dominant form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. a clinical, genetic, and morphological study. | 2015 | 4426323 | |
| plasma digoxin concentrations in patients on admission to hospital. | 2015 | 4415091 | |
| [absolute indications for stationary treatment in accident surgery]. | 2015 | 4408449 | |
| [determination of endotoxinemia by the limulus test]. | 2015 | 4409148 | |
| [clinico-radiophosphorus diagnosis of malignant melanomas]. | 2015 | 4428241 | |
| [urinary steroid excretion in obese children]. | 2015 | 4407354 | |
| [prevention of urinary tract infections]. | 2015 | 4410496 | |
| [noxiptilin in clinic and practice]. | 2015 | 4895498 | |
| the anorexia nervosa syndrome. | 2015 | 4452615 | |
| [third oral polio immunization--what is the good of it?]. | 2015 | 4348024 | |
| society of critical medicine. | 2015 | 4403768 | |
| [comparative study of 35 cases of psoriasic pelvispondylitis paired with 35 cases of rheumatismal pelvispondylitis]. | 2015 | 4359495 | |
| [etiology of crowding of the front lower teeth]. | 2015 | 4535960 | |
| numerical method for equilibrium fluorescence polarization. | 2015 | 4423793 | |
| [competition of renal effects of angiotensin ii and extracellular fluid volume receptors]. | 2015 | 4330959 | |
| the combined treatment of malignant gliomas with various chemotherapeutics administered simultaneously. | 2015 | 4315379 | |
| the fibrinolysin system. introduction. | 2015 | 4283646 | |
| enhanced butyrate formation by cross-feeding between faecalibacterium prausnitzii and bifidobacterium adolescentis. | cross-feeding is an important metabolic interaction mechanism of bacterial groups inhabiting the human colon and includes features such as the utilization of acetate by butyrate-producing bacteria as may occur between bifidobacterium and faecalibacterium genera. in this study, we assessed the utilization of different carbon sources (glucose, starch, inulin and fructooligosaccharides) by strains of both genera and selected the best suited combinations for evidencing this cross-feeding phenomenon. ... | 2015 | 26420851 |
| specific gut microbiota features and metabolic markers in postmenopausal women with obesity. | gut microbial gene richness and specific bacterial species are associated with metabolic risk markers in humans, but the impact of host physiology and dietary habits on the link between the gut microbiota and metabolic markers remain unclear. the objective of this study was to identify gut metagenomic markers associated with estimates of insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and inflammation in obesity, and to explore whether the associations between metagenomic and metabolic markers persisted af ... | 2015 | 26075636 |
| crohn associated microbial communities associated to colonic mucosal biopsies in patients of the western mediterranean. | next generation sequencing approaches allow the retrieval of several orders of magnitude larger numbers of amplified single sequences in 16s rrna diversity surveys than classical methods. however, the sequences are only partial and thus lack sufficient resolution for a reliable identification. the opu approach used here, based on a tandem combination of high quality 454 sequences (mean >500 nuc) applying strict otu thresholds, and phylogenetic inference based on parsimony additions to preexistin ... | 2015 | 26275394 |
| bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086 modulates faecalibacterium prausnitzii in older men and women. | advancing age is linked to a decrease in beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacterium spp. and reduced aspects of innate immune function. | 2015 | 25948780 |
| hydrodynamic chronoamperometry for probing kinetics of anaerobic microbial metabolism--case study of faecalibacterium prausnitzii. | monitoring in vitro the metabolic activity of microorganisms aids bioprocesses and enables better understanding of microbial metabolism. redox mediators can be used for this purpose via different electrochemical techniques that are either complex or only provide non-continuous data. hydrodynamic chronoamperometry using a rotating disc electrode (rde) can alleviate these issues but was seldom used and is poorly characterized. the kinetics of faecalibacterium prausnitzii a2-165, a beneficial gut m ... | 2015 | 26127013 |
| manipulating the gut microbiota to maintain health and treat disease. | the intestinal microbiota composition varies between healthy and diseased individuals for numerous diseases. although any cause or effect relationship between the alterations in the gut microbiota and disease is not always clear, targeting the intestinal microbiota might offer new possibilities for prevention and/or treatment of disease. | 2015 | 25651995 |
| essential oils have different effects on human pathogenic and commensal bacteria in mixed faecal fermentations compared with pure cultures. | a static batch culture system inoculated with human faeces was used to determine the influence of essential oil compounds (eocs) on mixed faecal microbiota. bacteria were quantified using quantitative pcr of 16s rrna genes. incubation for 24 h of diluted faeces from six individuals caused enrichment of bifidobacterium spp., but proportions of other major groups were unaffected. thymol and geraniol at 500 p.p.m. suppressed total bacteria, resulting in minimal fermentation. thymol at 100 p.p.m. ha ... | 2015 | 25500493 |
| anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment with adalimumab induces changes in the microbiota of crohn's disease. | the composition of the intestinal microbiota is altered in crohn's disease [cd] patients. the objective of this study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative changes in the microbiota of cd patients in 3 months of treatment with adalimumab [ada], and determine whether or not these changes are produced towards the recovery of the normal, healthy-like microbiota. | 2015 | 26142465 |
| identification of metabolic signatures linked to anti-inflammatory effects of faecalibacterium prausnitzii. | faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified on the basis of human clinical data. the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects are still unknown. gnotobiotic mice harboring f. prausnitzii (a2-165) and escherichia coli (k-12 jm105) were subjected to 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (tnbs)-induced acute colitis. the inflammatory colitis scores and a gas chromatography-time of flight (gc/tof) mass spectrometry-based metabolomic profile were monitored in ... | 2015 | 25900655 |
| [effects of faecalibacterium prausnitzii supernatant on th17 cell and il-17a in dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis mice]. | to explore the protective and therapeutic effects of faecalibacterium prausnitzii (fp) supernatant on ulcerative colitis (uc) in mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (dss) and the underlying mechanisms. | 2015 | 26739073 |
| the intestinal microbiome in spondyloarthritis. | microbial dysbiosis in the gut is emerging as a common component in various inflammatory disorders including spondyloarthritis (spa). the depth of this influence has begun to be realized with next-generation sequencing of the gut microbiome providing unbiased assessment of previously uncharted bacterial populations. | 2015 | 26002022 |
| faecalibacterium prausnitzii strain htf-f and its extracellular polymeric matrix attenuate clinical parameters in dss-induced colitis. | a decrease in the abundance and biodiversity of intestinal bacteria within the firmicutes phylum has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). in particular, the anti-inflammatory bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii, member of the firmicutes phylum and one of the most abundant species in healthy human colon, is underrepresented in the microbiota of ibd patients. the aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of f. prausnitzii strain a2-165, the biofilm f ... | 2015 | 25910186 |
| faecalibacterium prausnitzii prevents physiological damages in a chronic low-grade inflammation murine model. | the human gut houses one of the most complex and abundant ecosystems composed of up to 10(13)-10(14) microorganisms. the importance of this intestinal microbiota is highlighted when a disruption of the intestinal ecosystem equilibrium appears (a phenomenon called dysbiosis) leading to an illness status, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). indeed, the reduction of the commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii (one of the most prevalent intestinal bacterial species in healthy adults) ... | 2015 | 25888448 |
| equol status and changes in fecal microbiota in menopausal women receiving long-term treatment for menopause symptoms with a soy-isoflavone concentrate. | the knowledge regarding the intestinal microbial types involved in isoflavone bioavailability and metabolism is still limited. the present work reports the influence of a treatment with isoflavones for 6 months on the fecal bacterial communities of 16 menopausal women, as determined by culturing and culture-independent microbial techniques. changes in fecal communities were analyzed with respect to the women's equol-producing phenotype. compared to baseline, at 1 and 3 months the counts for all ... | 2015 | 26300856 |
| mucosa-associated faecalibacterium prausnitzii phylotype richness is reduced in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. | faecalibacterium prausnitzii depletion in intestinal diseases has been extensively reported, but little is known about intraspecies variability. this work aims to determine if subjects with gastrointestinal disease host mucosa-associated f. prausnitzii populations different from those hosted by healthy individuals. a new species-specific pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) method targeting the 16s rrna gene was developed to fingerprint f. prausnitzii populations in biopsy spec ... | 2015 | 26296733 |
| (1)h nmr spectroscopy of fecal extracts enables detection of advanced colorectal neoplasia. | colorectal cancer (crc) is a growing cause of mortality in developing countries, warranting investigation into its etiopathogenesis and earlier diagnosis. here, we investigated the fecal metabolic phenotype of patients with advanced colorectal neoplasia and controls using (1)h-nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy and multivariate modeling. the fecal microbiota composition was assessed by quantitative real-time pcr as well as wif-1 methylation levels in stools, serum, and urine and corre ... | 2015 | 26211820 |
| structural analysis of a class iii preq1 riboswitch reveals an aptamer distant from a ribosome-binding site regulated by fast dynamics. | preq1-iii riboswitches are newly identified rna elements that control bacterial genes in response to preq1 (7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine), a precursor to the essential hypermodified trna base queuosine. although numerous riboswitches fold as h-type or hlout-type pseudoknots that integrate ligand-binding and regulatory sequences within a single folded domain, the preq1-iii riboswitch aptamer forms a hlout-type pseudoknot that does not appear to incorporate its ribosome-binding site (rbs). to unde ... | 2015 | 26106162 |
| randomised clinical trial: gut microbiome biomarkers are associated with clinical response to a low fodmap diet in children with the irritable bowel syndrome. | a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (fodmap) diet can ameliorate symptoms in adult irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) within 48 h. | 2015 | 26104013 |
| monosodium l-glutamate and dietary fat differently modify the composition of the intestinal microbiota in growing pigs. | the chinese have been undergone rapid transition to a high-fat diet-consuming lifestyle, while monosodium l-glutamate (msg) is widely used as a daily food additive. it has been reported that fat alters the composition of intestinal microbiota. however, little information is available on the effects of oral msg on intestinal microbiota, and no study was done focusing on the interaction effect of fat and msg with respect to intestinal microbiota. the present study thus aimed to determine the effec ... | 2015 | 25791341 |
| increased gut microbiota diversity and abundance of faecalibacterium prausnitzii and akkermansia after fasting: a pilot study. | an impaired gut microbiota has been reported as an important factor in the pathogenesis of obesity. weight reduction has already been mentioned to improve gut microbial subpopulations involved in inflammatory processes, though other subpopulations still need further investigation. thus, weight reduction in the context of a fasting program together with a probiotic intervention may improve the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota. | 2015 | 25763563 |
| red wine consumption is associated with fecal microbiota and malondialdehyde in a human population. | red wine intake has been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease; its polyphenol content is the primary cause of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties attributed to this beverage. however, the way in which these activities are exerted is not yet clear, although some authors have proposed that intestinal microbiota could be implicated. | 2015 | 25738317 |
| review on microbiota and effectiveness of probiotics use in older. | the aim of the present systematic review is to summarize the existing knowledge about the human microbiota in the elderly and the effects of probiotics in elderly population. the elderly subjects, compared to adult population, show a reduction in the diversity of the microbiota, characterized by a large interindividual variability, with lower numbers of firmicutes, bifidobacteria, clostridium cluster xiv, faecalibacterium prausnitzii, blautia coccoides-eubacterium rectal and higher presence of e ... | 2015 | 25685762 |
| high amount of dietary fiber not harmful but favorable for crohn disease. | current chronic diseases are a reflection of the westernized diet that features a decreased consumption of dietary fiber. indigestible dietary fiber is metabolized by gut bacteria, including faecalibacterium prausnitzii, to butyrate, which has a critical role in colonic homeostasis owing to a variety of functions. dietary fiber intake has been significantly inversely associated with the risk of chronic diseases. crohn disease (cd) is not an exception. however, even authors who reported the inver ... | 2015 | 25663207 |
| gut microbiota composition correlates with changes in body fat content due to weight loss. | genetics, lifestyle, and dietary habits contribute to metabolic syndrome, but also an altered gut microbiota has been identified. based on this knowledge it is suggested that host bacterial composition tends to change in response to dietary factors and weight loss. the aim of this study was to identify bacteria affecting host metabolism in obesity during weight loss and to correlate them with changes of the body composition obtained from bioelectrical impedance analysis (bia). we recruited obese ... | 2015 | 25609655 |
| microbiota-specific cd4cd8αα tregs: role in intestinal immune homeostasis and implications for ibd. | in studies in murine models, active suppression by il-10-secreting foxp3 regulatory t cells (tregs) has emerged as an essential mechanism in colon homeostasis. however, the role of the equivalent subset in humans remains unclear, leading to suggestions that other subsets and/or mechanisms may substitute for foxp3 tregs in the maintenance of colon homeostasis. we recently described a new subset of cd4cd8αα t cells reactive to the gut bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii and endowed with regulat ... | 2015 | 26500657 |
| role of the gut microbiome in obesity and diabetes mellitus. | type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) and obesity represent two of the biggest global health challenges of this century and are associated with significant comorbidities and healthcare costs. although multiple factors undoubtedly contribute to the development and progression of dm and obesity, research over the last decade has demonstrated that the microbes that colonize the human gut may play key contributory roles. gut microbes are now known to codevelop with the human host and are strongly influenc ... | 2015 | 26452391 |
| a simple coculture system shows mutualism between anaerobic faecalibacteria and epithelial caco-2 cells. | most gut bacteria are obligate anaerobes and are important for human health. however, little mechanistic insight is available on the health benefits of specific anaerobic gut bacteria. a main obstacle in generating such knowledge is the lack of simple and robust coculturing methods for anaerobic bacteria and oxygen-requiring human cells. here, we describe the development of a coculture system for intestinal caco-2 cells and an anaerobic symbiont, faecalibacterium prausnitzii, making use of 50 ml ... | 2015 | 26667159 |
| oral administration of faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased the incidence of severe diarrhea and related mortality rate and increased weight gain in preweaned dairy heifers. | probiotics are a promising alternative to improve food animal productivity and health. however, scientific evidence that specific microbes can be used to benefit animal health and performance is limited. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of administering a live culture of faecalibacterium prausnitzii to newborn dairy calves on subsequent growth, health, and fecal microbiome. initially, a safety trial was conducted using 30 newborn bull calves to assess potential adverse eff ... | 2015 | 26710101 |
| potential association of vacuum cleaning frequency with an altered gut microbiota in pregnant women and their 2-year-old children. | westernized lifestyle and hygienic behavior have contributed to dramatic changes in the human-associated microbiota. this particularly relates to indoor activities such as house cleaning. we therefore investigated the associations between washing and vacuum cleaning frequency and the gut microbiota composition in a large longitudinal cohort of mothers and their children. the gut microbiota composition was determined using 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene illumina deep sequencing. | 2015 | 26687338 |
| modulation of the gut microbiota composition by rifaximin in non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome patients: a molecular approach. | rifaximin, with its low systemic absorption, may represent a treatment of choice for irritable bowel syndrome (ibs), mainly due to its ability to act on ibs pathogenesis, through the influence on gut microbiota. the aim of the present study was to assess, by biomolecular tools, the rifaximin active modulation exerted on gut microbiota of non-constipated ibs patients. fifteen non-constipated ibs subjects were treated with 550 mg rifaximin three times a day for 14 days. stool samples were collecte ... | 2015 | 26673000 |
| in vitro fermentation of lupin seeds (lupinus albus) and broad beans (vicia faba): dynamic modulation of the intestinal microbiota and metabolomic output. | broad beans (vicia faba) and lupin seeds (lupinus albus) are legumes rich in a wide range of compounds, which may represent a useful dietary approach for modulating the human gut microbiome. in this work, after in vitro digestion, legume samples were used as carbon sources in anaerobic batch cultures to evaluate their impact on the intestinal microbiota composition and on their metabolic products. the fermentations were monitored by a decrease in ph, generation of short chain fatty acids (scfa) ... | 2015 | 26252418 |
| recent advances in characterizing the gastrointestinal microbiome in crohn's disease: a systematic review. | the intestinal microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. a reduction in the diversity of the intestinal microbiota as well as specific taxonomic and functional shifts have been reported in crohn's disease and may play a central role in the inflammatory process. the aim was to systematically review recent developments in the structural and functional changes observed in the gastrointestinal microbiome in patients with crohn's disease. | 2015 | 25844959 |
| gut microbiota and tacrolimus dosing in kidney transplantation. | tacrolimus dosing to establish therapeutic levels in recipients of organ transplants is a challenging task because of much interpatient and intrapatient variability in drug absorption, metabolism, and disposition. in view of the reported impact of gut microbial species on drug metabolism, we investigated the relationship between the gut microbiota and tacrolimus dosing requirements in this pilot study of adult kidney transplant recipients. serial fecal specimens were collected during the first m ... | 2015 | 25815766 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-3690 and the commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii a2-165 exhibit similar protective effects to induced barrier hyper-permeability in mice. | impaired gut barrier function has been reported in a wide range of diseases and syndromes and in some functional gastrointestinal disorders. in addition, there is increasing evidence that suggests the gut microbiota tightly regulates gut barrier function and recent studies demonstrate that probiotic bacteria can enhance barrier integrity. here, we aimed to investigate the effects of lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-3690 on intestinal barrier function. in vitro results using a caco-2 monolayer cell ... | 2015 | 25517879 |
| live faecalibacterium prausnitzii in an apical anaerobic model of the intestinal epithelial barrier. | faecalibacterium prausnitzii, an abundant member of the human commensal microbiota, has been proposed to have a protective role in the intestine. however, it is an obligate anaerobe, difficult to co-culture in viable form with oxygen-requiring intestinal cells. to overcome this limitation, a unique apical anaerobic model of the intestinal barrier, which enabled co-culture of live obligate anaerobes with the human intestinal cell line caco-2, was developed. caco-2 cells remained viable and mainta ... | 2015 | 25224879 |
| probiotics: a proactive approach to health. a symposium report. | this report summarises talks given at the 8th international yakult symposium, held on 23-24 april 2015 in berlin. two presentations explored different aspects of probiotic intervention: the small intestine as a probiotic target and inclusion of probiotics into integrative approaches to gastroenterology. probiotic recommendations in gastroenterology guidelines and current data on probiotic efficacy in paediatric patients were reviewed. updates were given on probiotic and gut microbiota research i ... | 2015 | 26548336 |
| a decrease of the butyrate-producing species roseburia hominis and faecalibacterium prausnitzii defines dysbiosis in patients with ulcerative colitis. | bacteria play an important role in the onset and perpetuation of intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). unlike in crohn's disease (cd), in which dysbiosis has been better characterised, in ulcerative colitis (uc), only small cohorts have been studied and showed conflicting data. therefore, we evaluated in a large cohort if the microbial signature described in cd is also present in uc, and if we could characterise predominant dysbiosis in uc. to assess the functional impact ... | 2014 | 24021287 |
| potential of novel dextran oligosaccharides as prebiotics for obesity management through in vitro experimentation. | the energy-salvaging capacity of the gut microbiota from dietary ingredients has been proposed as a contributing factor for the development of obesity. this knowledge generated interest in the use of non-digestible dietary ingredients such as prebiotics to manipulate host energy homeostasis. in the present study, the in vitro response of obese human faecal microbiota to novel oligosaccharides was investigated. dextrans of various molecular weights and degrees of branching were fermented with the ... | 2014 | 25196744 |
| differential modulation by akkermansia muciniphila and faecalibacterium prausnitzii of host peripheral lipid metabolism and histone acetylation in mouse gut organoids. | the gut microbiota is essential for numerous aspects of human health. however, the underlying mechanisms of many host-microbiota interactions remain unclear. the aim of this study was to characterize effects of the microbiota on host epithelium using a novel ex vivo model based on mouse ileal organoids. we have explored the transcriptional response of organoids upon exposure to short-chain fatty acids (scfas) and products generated by two abundant microbiota constituents, akkermansia muciniphila ... | 2014 | 25118238 |
| systematic review: the role of the gut microbiota in chemotherapy- or radiation-induced gastrointestinal mucositis - current evidence and potential clinical applications. | gastrointestinal mucositis is defined as inflammation and/or ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract occurring as a complication of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and affects about 50% of all cancer patients. | 2014 | 25040088 |
| high-protein diet modifies colonic microbiota and luminal environment but not colonocyte metabolism in the rat model: the increased luminal bulk connection. | high-protein diets are used for body weight reduction, but consequences on the large intestine ecosystem are poorly known. here, rats were fed for 15 days with either a normoproteic diet (np, 14% protein) or a hyperproteic-hypoglucidic isocaloric diet (hp, 53% protein). cecum and colon were recovered for analysis. short- and branched-chain fatty acids, as well as lactate, succinate, formate, and ethanol contents, were markedly increased in the colonic luminal contents of hp rats (p < 0.05 or les ... | 2014 | 24970777 |
| exploring the influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on health: a symposium report. | the present report describes the presentations delivered at the 7th international yakult symposium, 'the intestinal microbiota and probiotics: exploiting their influence on health', in london on 22-23 april 2013. the following two themes associated with health risks were covered: (1) the impact of age and diet on the gut microbiota and (2) the gut microbiota's interaction with the host. the strong influence of the maternal gut microbiota on neonatal colonisation was reported, as well as rapid ch ... | 2014 | 24953670 |
| role of faecalibacterium prausnitzii in crohn's disease: friend, foe, or does not really matter? | 2014 | 24859302 | |
| beneficial effects of exclusive enteral nutrition in crohn's disease are not mediated by faecalibacterium prausnitzii. | 2014 | 24859301 | |
| the dual role of mapk pathway in the regulation of intestinal barrier: the role of the commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii on this regulation. | 2014 | 24859300 | |
| microbiota and diabetes: an evolving relationship. | the gut microbiota affects numerous biological functions throughout the body and its characterisation has become a major research area in biomedicine. recent studies have suggested that gut bacteria play a fundamental role in diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. data are accumulating in animal models and humans suggesting that obesity and type 2 diabetes (t2d) are associated with a profound dysbiosis. first human metagenome-wide association studies demonstrated highly s ... | 2014 | 24833634 |
| association between faecalibacterium prausnitzii reduction and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature. | background. laboratory data suggests a reduction of faecalibacterium prausnitzii (f. prausnitzii) is confirmed both in fecal samples in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) patients. numerous observational studies have suspected dysbiosis, an imbalance between protective and harmful bacteria to be relevant to the etiology and pathogenesis of ibd. methods. medline, embase, pubmed, and others. were searched by 2 independent reviewers. of 48 abstracts reviewed, 11 studies met our inclusion criteria (su ... | 2014 | 24799893 |
| antioxidants keep the potentially probiotic but highly oxygen-sensitive human gut bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii alive at ambient air. | the beneficial human gut microbe faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a 'probiotic of the future' since it produces high amounts of butyrate and anti-inflammatory compounds. however, this bacterium is highly oxygen-senstive, making it notoriously difficult to cultivate and preserve. this has so far precluded its clinical application in the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. the present studies were therefore aimed at developing a strategy to keep f. prausnitzii alive at ambient a ... | 2014 | 24798051 |
| alterations in the intestinal microbiome (dysbiosis) as a predictor of relapse after infliximab withdrawal in crohn's disease. | crohn's disease (cd)-associated dysbiosis could predispose patients to relapse. gut microbiota composition of patients from the prospective cohort study designed to identify predictive factors of clinical relapse after infliximab discontinuation (stori study) was investigated to determine the impact of dysbiosis in cd relapse. | 2014 | 24788220 |
| cd4cd8αα lymphocytes, a novel human regulatory t cell subset induced by colonic bacteria and deficient in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. | how the microbiota affects health and disease is a crucial question. in mice, gut clostridium bacteria are potent inducers of colonic interleukin (il)-10-producing foxp3 regulatory t cells (treg), which play key roles in the prevention of colitis and in systemic immunity. in humans, although gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with immune disorders, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. in contrast with mice, the contribution of foxp3 treg in colitis prevention has been questioned, sugges ... | 2014 | 24714093 |
| decline in presumptively protective gut bacterial species and metabolites are paradoxically associated with disease improvement in pediatric crohn's disease during enteral nutrition. | the gut microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease (cd). exclusive enteral nutrition (een) is a successful treatment, but its mode of action remains unknown. this study assessed serial changes in the fecal microbiota milieu during een. | 2014 | 24651582 |
| altered microbiota associated with abnormal humoral immune responses to commensal organisms in enthesitis-related arthritis. | prior studies have established altered microbiota and immunologic reactivity to enteric commensal organisms in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). since intestinal inflammation is present in a subset of patients with both pediatric and adult spondyloarthritis (spa), we hypothesized that spa patients may also have altered microbiota and immune responsiveness to enteric organisms. | 2014 | 25434931 |
| enteric microbiota leads to new therapeutic strategies for ulcerative colitis. | ulcerative colitis (uc) is a leading form of inflammatory bowel disease that involves chronic relapsing or progressive inflammation. as a significant proportion of uc patients treated with conventional therapies do not achieve remission, there is a pressing need for the development of more effective therapies. the human gut contains a large, diverse, and dynamic population of microorganisms, collectively referred to as the enteric microbiota. there is a symbiotic relationship between the human h ... | 2014 | 25400449 |
| intestinal microbial variation may predict early acute rejection after liver transplantation in rats. | acute rejection (ar) remains a life-threatening complication after orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) and there are few available diagnostic biomarkers clinically for ar. this study aims to identify intestinal microbial profile and explore potential application of microbial profile as a biomarker for ar after olt. | 2014 | 25321166 |
| faecalibacterium prausnitzii inhibits interleukin-17 to ameliorate colorectal colitis in rats. | it has been shown that faecalibacterium prausnitzii (f. prausnitzii), one of the dominant intestinal bacterial flora, may protect colonic mucosa against the development of inflammation and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), with the underlying mechanisms being unclear. | 2014 | 25275569 |
| [quantitation of intestinal fusobacterium and butyrate- producing bacteria in patients with colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer]. | to compare the abundance of 16s rrna gene of intestinal fusobacterium and butyrate-producing bacteria in patients with colorectal adenomas patients and colorectal cancer and to reveal the correlation between the target bacteria and the development of colorectal cancer. | 2014 | 25803901 |
| gut-adipose tissue axis in hepatic fat accumulation in humans. | recent evidence suggests that in animals gut microbiota composition (gmc) affects the onset and progression of hepatic fat accumulation. the aim of this study was to investigate in humans whether subjects with high hepatic fat content (hhfc) differ in their gmc from those with low hepatic fat content (lhfc), and whether these differences are associated with body composition, biomarkers and abdominal adipose tissue inflammation. | 2014 | 24613361 |
| microbiota and epigenetic regulation of inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetes and obesity. | metabolic syndrome is associated with alterations in the structure of the gut microbiota leading to low-grade inflammatory responses. an increased penetration of the impaired gut membrane by bacterial components is believed to induce this inflammation, possibly involving epigenetic alteration of inflammatory molecules such as toll-like receptors (tlrs). we evaluated changes of the gut microbiota and epigenetic dna methylation of tlr2 and tlr4 in three groups of subjects: type 2 diabetics under g ... | 2014 | 24533976 |
| abundance and diversity of gi microbiota rather than igg4 levels correlate with abdominal inconvenience and gut permeability in consumers claiming food intolerances. | food intolerances are an increasing global health problem. interactions between genetics and environmental changes such as microbial- and stress factors remain poorly understood. whereas the analyses of ige mediated allergic responses is based on solid concepts, the roles of microbiota, gut permeability, and igg antibodies remain widely unclear and are under fierce discussion for scientific relevance. the present pilot study analyzes forty participants, under consultation of nutritional health p ... | 2014 | 24502607 |
| increased proportions of bifidobacterium and the lactobacillus group and loss of butyrate-producing bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease. | dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota of persons with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) has been described, but there are still varied reports on changes in the abundance of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus organisms in patients with ibd. the aim of this investigation was to compare the compositions of mucosa-associated and fecal bacteria in patients with ibd and in healthy controls (hcs). fecal and biopsy samples from 21 hcs, 21 and 15 crohn's disease (cd) patients, and 34 and 29 ulcerative co ... | 2014 | 24478468 |
| the commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii is protective in dnbs-induced chronic moderate and severe colitis models. | the abundance of faecalibacterium prausnitzii, an abundant and representative bacterium of firmicutes phylum, has consistently been observed to be lower in patients with crohn's disease than in healthy individuals. we have shown that both f. prausnitzii and its culture supernatant (sn) have anti-inflammatory and protective effects in a tnbs-induced acute colitis mouse model. here, we tested the effects of both f. prausnitzii and its sn in moderate and severe dnbs-induced chronic colitis mouse mo ... | 2014 | 24418903 |
| altered intestinal microbiota and blood t cell phenotype are shared by patients with crohn's disease and their unaffected siblings. | crohn's disease (cd) is associated with intestinal dysbiosis, altered blood t cell populations, elevated faecal calprotectin (fc) and increased intestinal permeability (ip). cd-associated features present in siblings (increased risk of cd) but not in healthy controls, provide insight into early cd pathogenesis. we aimed to (1) delineate the genetic, immune and microbiological profile of patients with cd, their siblings and controls and (2) determine which factors discriminate between groups. | 2014 | 24398881 |
| effects of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria on epigenetic regulation of ffar3 in type 2 diabetes and obesity. | the human gut microbiota and microbial influences on lipid and glucose metabolism, satiety, and chronic low-grade inflammation are known to be involved in metabolic syndrome. fermentation end products, especially short chain fatty acids, are believed to engage the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory reactions via ffars (free fatty acid receptor) and other short chain fatty acid receptors. we studied a potential interaction of the microbiota with epigenetic regulation in obese and type 2 diabet ... | 2014 | 24325907 |
| the abundance of fecal faecalibacterium prausnitzii in relation to obesity and gender in chinese adults. | the influence of gender and obesity on the abundance of human colonic feacalibacterium prausnitzii is currently unclear. we collected fecal samples from 54 obese and 54 sex- and age-matched normal-weight chinese adults and quantified the fecal f. prausnitzii as percentage of 16s rrna gene copies of f. prausnitzii accounting to that of total gut bacteria with quantitative pcr. the fecal f. prausnitzii amount was not significantly different between obese and lean subjects. men possessed significan ... | 2014 | 24292154 |
| additional oligofructose/inulin does not increase faecal bifidobacteria in critically ill patients receiving enteral nutrition: a randomised controlled trial. | patients with diarrhoea during enteral nutrition (en) have been shown to have low faecal bifidobacteria concentrations. oligofructose/inulin selectively stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in healthy humans. this study investigates the effect of additional oligofructose/inulin on the gastrointestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (scfa) and faecal output in patients receiving en. | 2014 | 24290345 |
| prebiotic stimulation of human colonic butyrate-producing bacteria and bifidobacteria, in vitro. | dietary macronutrients affect the composition of the gut microbiota, and prebiotics are used to improve and maintain a healthy gut. the impact of prebiotics on dominant gut bacteria other than bifidobacteria, however, is under-researched. here, we report carbohydrate utilisation patterns for representative butyrate-producing anaerobes, belonging to the gram-positive firmicutes families lachnospiraceae and ruminococcaceae, by comparison with selected bacteroides and bifidobacterium species. growt ... | 2014 | 23909466 |
| diets high in resistant starch and arabinoxylan modulate digestion processes and scfa pool size in the large intestine and faecal microbial composition in pigs. | the effects of a high level of dietary fibre (df) either as arabinoxylan (ax) or resistant starch (rs) on digestion processes, scfa concentration and pool size in various intestinal segments and on the microbial composition in the faeces were studied in a model experiment with pigs. a total of thirty female pigs (body weight 63.1 (sem 4.4) kg) were fed a low-df, high-fat western-style control diet (wsd), an ax-rich diet (axd) or a rs-rich diet (rsd) for 3 weeks. diet significantly affected the d ... | 2014 | 25327182 |
| isolation and characterization of faecalibacterium prausnitzii from calves and piglets. | the goal of our study was to isolate and characterize faecalibacterium prausnitzii from fecal samples of healthy calves and piglets, in order to develop a novel probiotic for livestock animals. we identified 203 isolates of faecalibacterium sp., which were clustered in 40 genetically distinct groups. one representative isolate from each cluster was selected for further characterization. the concentrations of the short chain fatty acids (scfa) acetate, butyrate, propionate and isobutyrate in the ... | 2014 | 25551453 |
| impact of the gut microbiota on rodent models of human disease. | traditionally bacteria have been considered as either pathogens, commensals or symbionts. the mammal gut harbors 10(14) organisms dispersed on approximately 1000 different species. today, diagnostics, in contrast to previous cultivation techniques, allow the identification of close to 100% of bacterial species. this has revealed that a range of animal models within different research areas, such as diabetes, obesity, cancer, allergy, behavior and colitis, are affected by their gut microbiota. co ... | 2014 | 25548471 |
| dietary supplementation with soybean oligosaccharides increases short-chain fatty acids but decreases protein-derived catabolites in the intestinal luminal content of weaned huanjiang mini-piglets. | the improvement of gut health and function with prebiotic supplements after weaning is an active area of research in pig nutrition. the present study was conducted to test the working hypothesis that medium-term dietary supplementation with soybean oligosaccharides (sbos) can affect the gut ecosystem in terms of microbiota composition, luminal bacterial short-chain fatty acid and ammonia concentrations, and intestinal expression of genes related to intestinal immunity and barrier function. ten h ... | 2014 | 25236424 |
| intestinal dysbiosis: novel mechanisms by which gut microbes trigger and prevent disease. | new research has identified specific intestinal colonizing microbes that can have significant influence on health and disease. evidence is reviewed supporting an association between fusobacterium nucleatum and colon cancer and for a protective role of faecalibacterium prausnitzii in inflammatory bowel disease, of escherichia coli nissle 1917 in acute intestinal inflammation, of bifidobacterium infantis in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, and of akkermansia muciniphila in obesity and diabetes. ... | 2014 | 24857830 |
| mucosa-associated faecalibacterium prausnitzii and escherichia coli co-abundance can distinguish irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes. | crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc) diagnosis requires comprehensive examination of the patient. faecalibacterium prausnitzii and escherichia coli have been reported as representatives of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) dysbiosis. the aim was to determine whether or not quantification of these species can be used as a complementary tool either for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. | 2014 | 24713205 |
| in vitro fermentation of lactulose by human gut bacteria. | lactulose has been known as a prebiotic that can selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. recent studies have indicated that streptococcus mutans, clostridium perfringens, and faecalibacterium prausnitzii are also able to utilize lactulose. however, the previous studies mainly focused on the utilization of lactulose by individual strains, and few studies were designed to identify the species that could utilize lactulose among gut microbiota. this study aime ... | 2014 | 25340538 |
| blastocystis is associated with decrease of fecal microbiota protective bacteria: comparative analysis between patients with irritable bowel syndrome and control subjects. | blastocystis is a protistan parasite living in the digestive tract of many animals, including humans. this highly prevalent intestinal parasite is suspected to be linked to irritable bowel syndrome (ibs), a chronic functional bowel disorder. here, we first compared the prevalence of blastocystis among 56 ibs patients (40 ibs with constipation (ibs-c), 9 ibs with diarrhea (ibs-d), 4 mixed ibs (ibs-m) and 3 unsubtyped ibs (ibs-u) according to the rome iii criteria) and 56 control (i.e. without any ... | 2014 | 25365580 |
| effect of prebiotics on the fecal microbiota of elderly volunteers after dietary supplementation of bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086. | in advancing age, gut populations of beneficial microbes, notably bifidobacterium spp., show a marked decline. this contributes to an environment less capable of maintaining homoeostasis. this in vitro investigation studied the possible synergistic effects of probiotic supplementation in modulating the gut microbiota enabling prebiotic therapy to in elderly persons. single stage batch culture anaerobic fermenters were used and inoculated with fecal microbiota obtained from volunteers after takin ... | 2014 | 25219857 |