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[bartonella henselae, an ubiquitous agent of proteiform zoonotic disease].bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat scratch disease, a human infection usually characterized by persistent regional lymphadenopathy. it is transmitted to humans by cat scratches or bites. cats are the major reservoir for this bacterium thus b. henselae has a worldwide distribution. the bacterial pathogenicity may bay emphasized by the immune status of the infected host. angiomatosis or hepatic peliosis are the most frequent clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patients. b. ...201020042306
molecular detection of bartonella alsatica in european wild rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) in andalusia (spain).a sample of 279 european wild rabbits, oryctolagus cuniculus (141 males, 138 females), captured alive in andalusia (spain) and belonging to the two haplotype classes previously described for this species (230 and 49 corresponding with haplotypes a and b, respectively), were tested for the presence of bartonella alsatica dna. two species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction assays targeting for 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer region and rna polymerase β subunit genes have been developed. fort ...201020059317
high prevalence of antibodies against bartonella henselae with cervical lymphadenopathy in children.cat-scratch disease is the most common form of bartonella henselae infection. although reports have shown that csd is relatively common, they have not shown the prevalence of seropositivity for bartonella henselae in cases of cervical lymphadenitis and kawasaki disease, which are relatively common diseases in children.201020059723
prevalence of bartonella henselae and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato dna in ixodes ricinus ticks in europe.bartonella spp. can cause persistent bloodstream infections in humans and animals. to determine whether bartonella henselae is present in questing ixodes ricinus ticks, we analyzed the prevalence of b. henselae dna among tick stages compared to the prevalence of dna from borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the pathogen most frequently transmitted by ticks. b. henselae dna was present with a prevalence of up to approximately 40% in tick populations sampled in four european sites (eberdingen, germany ...201020061459
blood cell findings resembling bartonella spp.some bartonella species are able to invade red blood cells (rbc) and may cause persistent infection in the susceptible host. use of transmission electron microscopy (tem) demonstrates, inside erythrocytes, the typical triple-walled agents. however, when examining ultrathin sections of blood cells, the authors have, on several occasions, detected intraerythrocytic abnormalities that mimic but are not typical of bartonella spp. small endovesicles, pseudoinclusions, cavities, and irregular hemoglob ...201020070147
scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy caused by bartonella henselae after tick bite.rickettsia slovaca and rickettsia raoultii have been associated with a syndrome characterized by scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy following tick bites. however, in many cases, the causative agent remains undetermined. we report 3 cases of this syndrome caused by bartonella henselae, and we propose the term "senlat" to collectively describe this clinical entity.201020070235
renal microabscesses due to bartonella infection.we report a case of cat scratch disease with bilateral renal microabscesses. this case is unique in that there were no other abscesses found intrabdominally. a previously healthy child was admitted with a 12-day history of fever and headaches. bartonella henselae titers were initially igg 1:640 and igm 1:100, and later igg >1:2560 and igm >1:800. an abdominal ultrasound examination was normal but ct scan revealed microabscesses in both kidneys.201020072078
peliosis hepatis in cats is not associated with bartonella henselae infections.peliosis hepatis is a vasculoproliferative disorder of the liver with infectious and noninfectious causes. in humans and dogs, bartonella henselae has been linked to peliosis hepatis. although domestic cats are the natural reservoir of b. henselae and although peliosis hepatis is common in this species, an association between this condition and infection with b. henselae has never been investigated in cats. in this study, 26 cases of peliosis hepatis in cats were tested for b. henselae infection ...201020080497
bartonella sp. infection of voles trapped from an interior alaskan site where ticks are absent.to determine whether bartonella species may perpetuate in sites where ticks are absent, we analyzed blood and spleen samples from small mammals trapped near cantwell, alaska during september 1999. blood smears from seven of 48 myodes (clethrionomys) rutilus suggested a bartonella species infection; five of the seven yielded cultures consistent with bartonella species; pcr of rrs, glta, and rpob genes confirmed bartonella infection in four of these culture samples. phylogenetic analysis of rrs, g ...201020090030
detection of bartonella species in small mammals from zhejiang province, china.to estimate the prevalence of bartonella in small mammals of different species, during different seasons, and at different study sites, and to provide baseline data for the risk assessment of human bartonella infection, we captured small mammals using snap traps in zhejiang province, china. bartonella species were detected in small-mammal samples by polymerase chain reaction and positive amplicons were sequenced. bartonella dna was detected in 47% (90/192) of apodemus agrarius, 31% (14/45) of ra ...201020090031
murine model for bartonella birtlesii infection: new aspects.as a model of persistent infection, various aspects of bartonella birtlesii infection in laboratory mice, including some immunodeficient mice, are presented, particularly focusing on conditions mimicking natural infection. bacteraemia was explored using different mice strains routes and inoculum doses (3.4-5x10(7)cfu/mouse). mice became bacteraemic for 5 (c57bl6/6) to 10 weeks (balb/c, swiss) with peaks ranging from 2x10(3) to 10(5)cfu/ml of blood. the id route induced the most precocious bacter ...201020097421
evaluation of brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid with broadly reactive polymerase chain reaction for ehrlichia, anaplasma, spotted fever group rickettsia, bartonella, and borrelia species in canine neurological diseases (109 cases).vector-transmitted microorganisms in the genera ehrlichia, anaplasma, rickettsia, bartonella, and borrelia are commonly suspected in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis (mem), but the prevalence of these pathogens in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of dogs with mem is unknown.201020102497
a toddler with facial nodules: a case of idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma.we describe the case of a 3-year-old boy who presented with several asymptomatic facial nodules present for six months. a skin biopsy obtained from the nodules showed a moderately well-defined granuloma in the superficial and deep dermis. a squamous epithelial lined cyst, extravasated keratin, or shadow cells were not identified. bartonella henselae titers and the coccidioidomycosis immitis immunodiffusion test were negative; a tuberculin skin test was non-reactive. fite, periodic acid-schiff (p ...201020137751
feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus and bartonella species in stray cats on st kitts, west indies.stray cats trapped in various areas of basseterre, the capital of st kitts in the west indies, were tested for infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) using commercial kits. of 99 (51 male and 48 female) cats trapped in 2006/7, 15% (12 males and three females) were positive for fiv while none were positive for felv. of 72 (41 males and 31 females) cats trapped in 2009, 14% (nine males and one female) were positive for fiv while none were positive for f ...201020138558
successful treatment of bartonella henselae endocarditis in a cat.this report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of a cat with vegetative valvular endocarditis temporally associated with natural infection with bartonella henselae. lethargy, abnormal gait and weakness were the main clinical signs that resulted in referral for diagnostic evaluation. using a novel and sensitive culture approach, b henselae was isolated from the blood. following antibiotic therapy there was total resolution of clinical signs, the heart murmur, the valvula ...201020138559
bartonellosis, an increasingly recognized zoonosis.cat scratch disease is the most common zoonotic infection caused by bartonella bacteria. among the many mammals infected with bartonella spp., cats represent a large reservoir for human infection, as they are the main reservoir for bartonella henselae, bartonella clarridgeiae and bartonella koehlerae. bartonella spp. are vector-borne bacteria, and transmission of b. henselae by cat fleas occurs mainly through infected flea faeces, although new potential vectors (ticks and biting flies) have been ...201020148999
detection of bartonella spp. in neotropical felids and evaluation of risk factors and hematological abnormalities associated with infection.although antibodies to bartonella henselae have been described in all neotropical felid species, dna has been detected in only one species, leopardus wiedii. the aim of this study was to determine whether dna of bartonella spp. could be detected in blood of other captive neotropical felids and evaluate risk factors and hematological findings associated with infection. blood samples were collected from 57 small felids, including 1 leopardus geoffroyi, 17 l. wiedii, 22 leopardus tigrinus, 14 leopa ...201019913372
molecular detection of bartonella henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae in clinical samples of pet cats from southern italy.bartonella henselae is considered an emerging pathogen of veterinary and medical interest that can be occasionally transmitted to humans. cats are considered to be the only reservoir host for b. henselae. in this study, we used a nested-pcr assay to investigate the prevalence of b.henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae dna in peripheral blood samples, fine needle lymph node aspirate specimens and oral swabs from 85 cats in order to develop an easy diagnostic strategy for the selection of infection ...201019963231
bartonella bacilliformis, endemic pathogen of the andean region, is intrinsically resistant to quinolones.to analyze the sequence of the region involved in the development of quinolone resistance of the gyra and parc genes in a series of bartonella bacilliformis isolates recovered prior to the introduction of quinolones, as well as one clinical isolate recovered in the 1970s, establishing the susceptibility levels to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.201019969497
association of bartonella species, feline calicivirus, and feline herpesvirus 1 infection with gingivostomatitis in cats.feline gingivostomatitis (fgs) is a common syndrome in cats; feline calicivirus (fcv), feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), and bartonella species are common differential diagnoses. in this study, blood from 70 cats with fgs and 61 healthy control cats was tested for bartonella species antibodies in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot immunoassay and dna in blood using a conventional polymerase chain reaction assay. additionally, fresh oral biopsies from cats with fgs (n=42) and ...201019959386
inoculation bartonellosis in an adult: a case report.cat-scratch disease (csd) and bacillary angiomatosis (ba) are caused by a gram-negative bacilli classified under the genus bartonella (formerly rochalimaea). patient history, symptoms, and histopathology often fall along a continuum; therefore, both conditions should be considered in the differential diagnosis. we report a case of an 83-year-old immunocompetent woman who presented with a pyogenic granuloma-like lesion on her dorsal left wrist. the histologic differential diagnosis included an in ...201020184210
flea-associated zoonotic diseases of cats in the usa: bartonellosis, flea-borne rickettsioses, and plague.cat-scratch disease, flea-borne typhus, and plague are three flea-associated zoonoses of cats of concern in the usa. although flea concentrations may be heaviest in coastal and temperate climates, fleas and flea-borne disease agents can occur almost anywhere in the usa. understanding flea-borne pathogens, and the associated risks for owners and veterinarians, is important to reduce the likelihood of zoonotic infection.201020185369
fleas and flea-borne diseases.flea-borne infections are emerging or re-emerging throughout the world, and their incidence is on the rise. furthermore, their distribution and that of their vectors is shifting and expanding. this publication reviews general flea biology and the distribution of the flea-borne diseases of public health importance throughout the world, their principal flea vectors, and the extent of their public health burden. such an overall review is necessary to understand the importance of this group of infec ...201020189862
[study on the prevalence and genotypes of bartonella species in rodent hosts from fujian coastal regions].to investigate bartonella infection in rodent hosts from different environments and types of climate in fujian coastal regions. genetypes of the bartonella strains was also studied to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of the correlated diseases.200920193373
bartonella rochalimae in raccoons, coyotes, and red foxes.to determine additional reservoirs for bartonella rochalimae, we examined samples from several wildlife species. we isolated b. rochalimae from 1 red fox near paris, france, and from 11 raccoons and 2 coyotes from california, usa. co-infection with b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii was documented in 1 of the coyotes.200919961681
[pandora's box: pathogens in ixodes ricinus ticks in central europe].among the various species of hard ticks, ixodes ricinus is the most frequently found tick throughout europe. as with other ixodid ticks, the developmental cycle runs through three stages. in each stage a blood meal is required in order to develop to the next stage. ixodes ricinus has been found to feed on more than 300 different vertebrate species. usually, larval ticks feed on small mammals such as mice and become infected with various microorganisms and viruses, of which some are substantial p ...200919998007
a groundhog, a novel bartonella sequence, and my father's death. 200919998749
bartonella henselae neuroretinitis in a 15-year-old girl with chronic myelogenous leukemia.a 15-year-old girl being treated with imatinib for chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml) presented with acute vision loss in her right eye accompanied by swelling of the right side of her neck. on examination, she was found to have disk and macular edema of the right eye. fine-needle aspiration and excisional biopsies of an enlarged submandibular lymph node were negative for malignancy. although initial serologies were equivocal for bartonella henselae, repeat serologies performed 1 week later upon ...200920006827
detection of babesia canis subspecies and other arthropod-borne diseases in dogs from tirana, albania.summary. the importance of arthropod-borne diseases increased in the recent past in particular due to frequent travel with dogs in or by importing of dogs from regions with endemic occurrence of these diseases. while the epidemiological situation is well known for the western parts of the mediterranean, only limited data is available for eastern europe and the balkans. thirty clinically healthy dogs from suburban areas of tirana, albania, were tested for babesia canis, hepatozoon spp., leishmani ...200919915816
bartonella species detected in rodents and hedgehogs from algeria. 200919929978
molecular characterisation of resistance to rifampin in bartonella quintana. 200919929979
no etiological role for bartonella henselae infection in henoch schönlein purpura. 200919935277
detection and identification of bartonella sp. in fleas from carnivorous mammals in andalusia, spain.a total of 559 fleas representing four species (pulex irritans, ctenocephalides felis, ctenocephalides canis and spilopsyllus cuniculi) collected on carnivores (five iberian lynx lynx pardinus, six european wildcat felis silvestris, 10 common genet genetta genetta, three eurasian badger meles meles, 22 red fox vulpes vulpes, 87 dogs and 23 cats) in andalusia, southern spain, were distributed in 156 pools of monospecific flea from each carnivore, and tested for bartonella infection in an assay ba ...200919941605
[genetic diversity of ixodid tick-borne pathogens in tomsk city and suburbs].we studied two urban and two suburban biotypes of tomsk city for tick-transmitted diseases prevalence in naturally collected ticks. tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) was found in 6.5% of tick samples, west nile virus (wnv) in 2.2%, borrelia spp. in 8%, rickettsia spp. in 2.5%, and ehrlichia spp. in 1.7% of samples. genetic markers of powassan virus, bartonella spp., and balbesia spp. were not found. analysis of the genetic diversity of revealed pathogens resulted in the following conclusions: ...200919957906
presence of bartonella species and rickettsia species dna in the blood, oral cavity, skin and claw beds of cats in the united states.the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bartonella species and rickettsia species dna in the blood, oral cavity, skin and claw beds of feral cats without evidence of skin disease that were housed in alabama (n = 24), florida (n = 27) and colorado (n = 32). samples were assessed by use of polymerase chain reaction assays. the bartonella species igg prevalence was also determined. while bartonella species dna was not amplified from any sample from colorado cats, it was commonl ...200920178489
[cat scratch disease--an underestimated diagnosis].cat scratch disease is a rare and frequently underestimated cause of lymphadenopathy, which may occur also in the head and neck. the infection is most commonly caused by intracellular bacilli bartonella, transmitted by domestic animals.200919886535
cervical lymphadenopathy in childhood epidemiology and management.cervical lymphadenopathy (cl) is common in childhood. the aim of this study is to evaluate the etiology, follow-up, and treatment of persistent cl. the authors studied retrospectively 50 children with cl, hospitalized at the department of pediatrics and pediatrics surgery. patients underwent ultrasonography. thirty-six percent presented abnormal ultrasonographic image and underwent excisional biopsy. biopsies revealed 4 thyroglossal cysts, 3 branchial cysts, 1 hemangioma, 2 sebaceous cysts, 1 de ...200919657996
pestilence, persistence and pathogenicity: infection strategies of bartonella.it has been nearly two decades since the discovery of bartonella as an agent of bacillary angiomatosis in aids patients and persistent bacteremia and 'nonculturable' endocarditis in homeless people. since that time, the number of bartonella species identified has increased from one to 24, and 10 of these bacteria are associated with human disease. although bartonella is the only genus that infects human erythrocytes and triggers pathological angiogenesis in the vascular bed, the group remains un ...200919659429
[investigation of bartonella henselae seroprevalence and related risk factors in blood donors admitted to pamukkale university blood center].bartonella henselae is an emerging infectious agent that mainly causes cat scratch disease, basillary angiomatosis and peliosis hepatitis. although many basillary angiomatosis cases have been reported especially from the mediterranean region of turkey, adequate data about the seroprevalence of b. henselae in turkey does not exist. the aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of b. henselae in volunteer blood donors and the related risk factors. in this study, sera samples were ran ...200919795614
seroprevalence of bartonella henselae in patients with uveitis and healthy individuals in tokyo.to compare the seroprevalence of bartonella henselae, a pathogen of cat scratch disease, in patients with uveitis and in healthy individuals.200919847604
prevalence and genetic heterogeneity of bartonella strains cultured from rodents from 17 provinces in thailand.to study the distribution and diversity of bartonella in rodents from thailand, 330 rodents belonging to 13 species were tested. the majority (80.6%) of rodents examined belonged to the genus rattus. bartonellae were cultured from 41.5% of the rodents with a wide range of prevalence by host species and regions. sequencing of glta revealed diverse bartonella strains. bartonellae from rattus spp. belonged to 23 variants and clustered with bartonella coopersplainensis, bartonella elizabethae, barto ...200919861616
a serologically proven case of cat-scratch disease presenting with neuroretinitis.cat-scratch disease is a clinical syndrome that usually presents as a self-limiting illness featuring regional lymphadenopathy, fever, and small skin lesions in association with a cat scratch or bite. it is caused by the gram-negative bacillus bartonella henselae, which commonly affects children and young adults. ocular bartonellosis is the most common atypical manifestation of cat-scratch disease. it can present with a wide spectrum of ocular diseases including neuroretinitis, parinaud's oculog ...200919801700
[cat-scratch disease with bone compromise: atypical manifestation].fever, headache, myalgias and lymphadenopathy are characteristic manifestations of cat-scratch disease but other less common findings are described in 2 to 10% of cases. we report two children that presented with hepatosplenic abscesses and bone involvement. one child, had multiple areas of increased uptake in the bone scintigram with a positive serology (igg > 1/256, igm slightly positive). the second child had destruction of the l2 vertebral body that compromised the channel and right foramen ...200919802407
blood transfusion as an alternative bartonellosis transmission in a pediatric liver transplant. 200919804481
[fever and abdominal pain in a 56-year-old woman]. 200919815317
receptor recognition of and immune intracellular pathways for veillonella parvula lipopolysaccharide.veillonella parvula is an anaerobic gram-negative coccus that is part of the normal flora of the animal and human mouth and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. oral v. parvula is involved in the development of early periodontal disease as well as different types of serious infections. present data on molecular mechanisms responsible for innate immune response against veillonella are very scanty. the aim of this study was to investigate the toll-like receptor (tlr) pathways responsible for ...200919828771
fatal myocarditis-associated bartonella quintana endocarditis: a case report.bartonella spp. infection is not rare and must be considered with great care in patients with suspected infective endocarditis, particularly if regular blood cultures remain sterile. management of these infections requires knowledge of the identification and treatment of these bacteria.200919830188
babesia canis and other tick-borne infections in dogs in central poland.vector-borne infections constitute increasing health problem in dogs worldwide, including sled dogs, dramatically decreasing the fitness of working dogs and even leading to death. in the period 2006-2008 eighty-two blood samples were collected from eight sled dog kennels in central poland. the prevalence of four vector-borne infections (babesia canis, bartonella sp., anaplasma/ehrlichia and borrelia burgdorferi) was estimated in 82 sled dogs using pcr and nested pcr for diagnosis and the same me ...200919837515
detection of bartonella henselae--dna in macronodular hepatic lesions of an immunocompetent woman. 200919793123
prevalence of coxiella burnetii and bartonella species as cases of infective endocarditis in marseilles (1994-2007). 200919793124
comparison of the performances of mlva vs. the main other typing techniques for bartonella henselae. 200919793125
molecular detection of bartonella quintana in human body lice from mexico city. 200919793127
bartonellosis as cause of death after red blood cell unit transfusion.the authors present the case of a young man with aplastic anemia who went into shock and died after several red blood cell unit transfusions. immunohematological studies did not show any abnormality and blood cultures from patients and blood bags were negative. the ultrastructural findings, allied with current scientific knowledge, permitted the diagnosis of bartonella sp. infection. in face of this diagnosis, two possibilities should be considered: the first one is that the patient was already ...200919728230
[neuroretinitis. clinical cases].evaluate the etiology and the most frequent funduscopic alterations of the neuroretinitis.200919728239
guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections among hiv-exposed and hiv-infected children: recommendations from cdc, the national institutes of health, the hiv medicine association of the infectious diseases society of america, the pediatric infectious diseases society, and the american academy of pediatrics.this report updates and combines into one document earlier versions of guidelines for preventing and treating opportunistic infections (ois) among hiv-exposed and hiv-infected children, last published in 2002 and 2004, respectively. these guidelines are intended for use by clinicians and other health-care workers providing medical care for hiv-exposed and hiv-infected children in the united states. the guidelines discuss opportunistic pathogens that occur in the united states and one that might ...200919730409
culture negative endocarditis caused by bartonella henselae in a child with congenital heart disease.a 9-year-old white male with congenital aortic and subaortic stenosis palliated by the ross-konno procedure presented with culture-negative endocarditis. serologic studies and polymerase chain reaction testing of resected homograft valvular tissue provided evidence of bartonella henselae as the etiology. b. henselae can cause endocarditis in children, particularly those with underlying valvular disease. serologic testing for b. henselae should be considered in children with culture-negative endo ...200919738506
comparative in vivo adulticidal activity of a topical dinotefuran versus an imidacloprid-based formulation against cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis) on cats.fleas cause significant discomfort to pet cats and distress to their owners and are also vectors of disease severe infestations can cause anemia or flea allergy dermatitis and can lead to infections with dipylidium caninum and bartonella henselae. rapid flea kill is an important feature of flea preventives. the efficacy of dinotefuran (vectra for cats and kittens, summit vetpharm) was compared with that of imidacloprid (advantage, bayer animal health) against ctenocephalides felis when applied t ...200919742443
rapid detection of bartonella henselae heat shock protein dna by nested polymerase chain reaction from swollen lymph nodes of a patient with cat-scratch disease. 200919785710
[cat scratch disease--a diagnostic problem, case report].cat scratch disease as a possible cause of neck limphadenopathy.200919681487
real-time pcr strategy and detection of bacterial agents of lymphadenitis.the aim of this study was to compare 16 s rrna gene amplification and sequencing with a systematic real-time pcr assay screening strategy that includes all common known pathogens recovered from lymph node biopsy specimens. lymph node biopsy samples sent to our laboratory from january 2007 to december 2008 were tested in the study. lymph nodes were screened for the presence of any bacteria by pcr amplification and sequencing targeting the 16 s rrna gene and also by a specific real-time pcr strate ...200919685089
genomics of host-restricted pathogens of the genus bartonella.the alpha-proteobacterial genus bartonella comprises numerous arthropod-borne pathogens that share a common host-restricted life-style, which is characterized by long-lasting intraerythrocytic infections in their specific mammalian reservoirs and transmission by blood-sucking arthropods. infection of an incidental host (e.g. humans by a zoonotic species) may cause disease in the absence of intra-erythrocytic infection. the genome sequences of four bartonella species are known, i.e. those of the ...200919696500
recurrent osteomyelitis in a cat due to infection with bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii genotype ii. 200919709358
[biological and molecular characteristics of a cat-borne bartonella clarridgeiae].to characterize a bartonella strain m9hn-shq from a blood culture of cat from henan province,china.200919621628
bartonella rochalimae and other bartonella spp. in fleas, chile. 200919624952
cat scratch disease: a diagnostic conundrum.we report the case of a patient who presented to a clinic for evaluation of inguinal lymphadenopathy. histology of the lymph nodes revealed micoabscess formation suggesting infection with lymphogranuloma venereum (lgv) or bartonella henselae--the causative agent in cat scratch disease (csd). the patient recalled no preceding animal exposure. clinical and serological findings initially suggested early lgv but convalescent serology supported csd. this serves as an important reminder that b. hensel ...200919625597
bartonella rattaustraliani sp. nov., bartonella queenslandensis sp. nov. and bartonella coopersplainsensis sp. nov., identified in australian rats.a total of 11 bartonella isolates were recovered from the blood of melomys, uromys and rattus species in australia and were characterized using phenotypic and genotypic methods. comparison of 16s rrna gene, ftsz, glta and 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacer region sequences from the isolates indicated that they formed three sequence similarity groups that were distinct from one another and from the currently recognized bartonella species. phylogenetic analysis based on alignment of concaten ...200919628592
diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cervical lymphadenopathy: report of three cases of patients with bartonella henselae infection mimicking malignant disease.diffusion-weighted mr imaging is a potential technique for differentiation between benign and malignant lymph nodes. however, lympadenopathy caused by bartonella henselae infection showes low adc values in diffusion weighted mri as typically seen in malignant disease.200919636985
cat scratch disease with cervical vertebral osteomyelitis and spinal epidural abscess.cat scratch disease has variable clinical presentations and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of vertebral osteomyelitis and epidural abscess if there is a history of contact with cats. we report a 5-year-old boy with cat scratch disease who presented with painful torticollis and osteomyelitis of the cervical spine associated with an epidural abscess.200919654566
plasmid-based system for high-level gene expression and antisense gene knockdown in bartonella henselae.six broad-host-range plasmid vectors were developed to study gene expression in bartonella henselae. the vectors were used to express a beta-galactosidase reporter gene in b. henselae and to generate antisense rna for gene knockdown. when applied to ompr, a putative transcription response regulator of b. henselae, this antisense rna gene knockdown strategy reduced bacterial invasion of human endothelial cells by over 60%.200919542333
uveitis: an emerging clinical form of bartonella infection. 200919548998
duplex pcr assay simultaneously detecting and differentiating bartonella quintana, b. henselae, and coxiella burnetii in surgical heart valve specimens.a duplex pcr (dpcr) assay was developed to simultaneously detect and differentiate bartonella quintana, bartonella henselae, and coxiella burnetii from surgical heart valve tissue specimens with an analytic sensitivity of 10 copies/reaction. among 17 specimens collected from patients with a clinical diagnosis of culture-negative endocarditis, 2, 4, and 2 were positive for b. quintana, b. henselae, and c. burnetii, respectively, by the dpcr assay, which matched the results obtained by universal b ...200919553582
isolation and genetic characterization of a bartonella strain closely related to bartonella tribocorum and bartonella elizabethae in israeli commensal rats.ten bartonella isolates were cultured from blood drawn from black rats (rattus rattus) captured in the tel aviv area. genetic characterization included amplification and sequencing of five gene fragments including the ribc, rpob, 16s, groel, and glta and the 16s-23s intergenic spacer region. sequence comparisons showed that all 10 isolates were identical in all genes studied comprising a total of 3,873 bp analyzed. the sequences of each of the partial genes analyzed indicated a high sequence sim ...200919556567
tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in ticks collected from central spain.the prevalence of tick-borne and related bacteria infecting adult ticks in central spain was assessed by molecular methods. six areas were sampled monthly during a 2-year longitudinal study. a total of 1,038 questing and 442 feeding ticks, belonging to eight different species, were tested. the most abundant species were hyalomma lusitanicum (54% of captures), followed by dermacentor marginatus (23%) and rhipicephalus sanguineus (10%). four human pathogens, including seven rickettsia species, ana ...200919556569
computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of cat-scratch disease: a report of two cases.cat-scratch disease (csd) is a bacterial infection that typically causes swelling of the lymph nodes. the patients usually have a history of being scratched, bitten, or licked by cats and often by kittens. understanding the characteristic radiological and clinical features may lead to a noninvasive diagnosis and prevent unnecessary invasive procedures. we report two cases of csd with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showing nodules or masses of lymphadenopathy with subcutaneous ...200919559357
co-isolation of bartonella henselae and bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii from blood, joint and subcutaneous seroma fluids from two naturally infected dogs.this report describes the clinical presentation, isolation and treatment of two dogs naturally infected with bartonella henselae and bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii. chronic and progressive polyarthritis was the primary complaint for dog #1, from which b. henselae and b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii were cultured on three independent occasions from blood and joint fluid samples, despite administration of nearly 4 months of non-consecutive antibiotic therapy. a clinically atypical and progres ...200919560291
serum feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentration and seroprevalences of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and bartonella species in client-owned cats.feline pancreatitis is a commonly suspected illness and it has been proposed that some cases of feline pancreatitis may be caused by infection with toxoplasma gondii or bartonella species. feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fpli) is a test performed on serum that is commonly combined with other clinical findings as an indirect aid in the diagnosis of pancreatitis. the purpose of this study was to determine if there are associations between fpli concentration and the presence of serum ant ...200919560385
disseminated infection with bartonella henselae in a lung transplant recipient.we present the case of a lung transplant recipient with disseminated infection with bartonella henselae. in non-immunosuppressed humans, the organism typically causes a local infection that manifests itself as regional lymphadenopathy. the role of the host immune response to b henselae is critical in preventing progression to systemic disease. only rare cases of bartonellosis in transplant recipients have been reported. we discuss aspects and difficulties of diagnosis and treatment of bartonello ...200919560704
[risk of infections among orienteers].research on orienteers is useful for assessing the risk of infections associated with physical activity in the forest. in this paper four types of infections are reviewed, and the efficacy of preventive initiatives is discussed.200919561657
"candidatus bartonella thailandensis": a new genotype of bartonella identified from rodents.bartonella species, intracellular parasite of erythrocytes and endothelial cells, are zoonotic pathogens of wild and domestic animals including rodents. many species of rodents are commensally infected with a few bartonella species in asia. however, there are only few reports on detection of bartonella in thailand. our objective was to detect the presence of bartonella species in rodents from thailand. among 247 rodents captured in five provinces from thailand we identified bartonella species us ...200919574002
run-off replication of host-adaptability genes is associated with gene transfer agents in the genome of mouse-infecting bartonella grahamii.the genus bartonella comprises facultative intracellular bacteria adapted to mammals, including previously recognized and emerging human pathogens. we report the 2,341,328 bp genome sequence of bartonella grahamii, one of the most prevalent bartonella species in wild rodents. comparative genomics revealed that rodent-associated bartonella species have higher copy numbers of genes for putative host-adaptability factors than the related human-specific pathogens. many of these gene clusters are loc ...200919578403
detection of bartonella spp. in wild rodents in israel using hrm real-time pcr.the prevalence of bartonella spp. in wild rodents was studied in 19 geographical locations in israel. one hundred and twelve rodents belonging to five species (mus musculus, rattus rattus, microtus socialis, acomys cahirinus and apodemus sylvaticus) were included in the survey. in addition, 156 ectoparasites were collected from the rodents. spleen sample from each rodent and the ectoparasites were examined for the presence of bartonella dna using high resolution melt (hrm) real-time pcr. the met ...200919595521
infective endocarditis by bartonella quintana masquerading as antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated small vessel vasculitis.the bartonella species have been recently recognized as important causative agents of culture-negative bacterial endocarditis. antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ancas) have been associated with the spectrum of idiopathic small vessel vasculitis. however, a variety of infections can result in a false-positive anca test, and especially subacute bacterial endocarditis (sbe) with the presence of ancas occasionally mimics the clinical manifestations of an anca-associated vasculitis such as skin ...200919602882
the bacteriology of salivary gland infections.the parotid gland is the salivary gland most commonly affected by inflammation. however, infection of the salivary glands can occur in any of the glands. the most common pathogens associated with acute bacterial infection are staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria. the predominant anaerobes include: anaerobic gram negative bacilli (eg, pigmented prevotella and porphyromonas); fusobacterium spp; and peptostreptococcus spp. in addition, streptococcus spp (including streptococcus pneumoniae) ...200919608044
bartonella as a cause of blood culture-negative endocarditis. description of five cases.there is evidence that bartonella is an etiologic factor in human endocarditis. the objective of this article was to describe cases of endocarditis due to bartonella observed at a tertiary-care hospital during 1995-2006. overall, 140 cases of infective endocarditis were seen, of which 10 were blood culture-negative endocarditis, with five being due to bartonella. in four cases, there had been contact with cats. only two patients had pre-existing cardiac valvular disease. three had extracardiac d ...200919480767
immunogenicity of bartonella henselae p26 in cats.cat scratch disease (csd) has an estimated prevalence of approximately 200,000 persons in the usa, and approximately 22,000 new cases occur annually. cats are the natural carriers of bartonella henselae, the agent for csd. zoonotic transmission of b. henselae can result in csd in immunocompetent humans and bacillary angiomatosis in immunosuppressed humans. infection in cats often goes undetected. development of a vaccine to prevent feline infection is warranted to reduce the prevalence of infect ...200919500857
[current state of the knowledge of bartonella infections].bartonella spp. are gram-negative bacteria localized in erythrocytes of vertebrate hosts. genus bartonella contains numerous recently described species, many of them are new and emerging arthropod-borne human pathogens. in addition to humans, bartonella spp. have also been isolated from a variety of domesticated (cats, dogs) and wild animals (carnivores, ruminants, rodents), which play a key role as reservoir hosts for these pathogens. the infectious process and the pathogenesis of bartonellosis ...200919522219
bartonella quintana in body lice and head lice from homeless persons, san francisco, california, usa.bartonella quintana is a bacterium that causes trench fever in humans. past reports have shown bartonella spp. infections in homeless populations in san francisco, california, usa. the california department of public health in collaboration with san francisco project homeless connect initiated a program in 2007 to collect lice from the homeless to test for b. quintana and to educate the homeless and their caregivers on prevention and control of louse-borne disease. during 2007-2008, 33.3% of bod ...200919523290
rapid and cost-effective identification of bartonella species using mass spectrometry.bacteria of the genus bartonella are emerging zoonotic bacteria recognized in a variety of human diseases. due to their poor chemical reactivity, these fastidious bacteria are poorly characterized using routine phenotypic laboratory tests. identification is usually achieved using molecular techniques that are time-consuming, expensive and technically demanding. recently, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has emerged as a new technique for ...200919528172
the differential interaction of brucella and ochrobactrum with innate immunity reveals traits related to the evolution of stealthy pathogens.during evolution, innate immunity has been tuned to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. however, some alpha-proteobacteria are stealthy intracellular pathogens not readily detected by this system. brucella members follow this strategy and are highly virulent, but other brucellaceae like ochrobactrum are rhizosphere inhabitants and only opportunistic pathogens. to gain insight into the emergence of the stealthy strategy, we compared these two phylogenetically close but biologically ...200919529776
bartonella endocarditis: a pathology shared by animal reservoirsand patients.bartonellae were first recognized to cause endocarditis in humans in 1993 when cases caused by bartonella quintana, b. elizabethae, and b. henselae were reported. since the first isolation of bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii from a dog with endocarditis, this organism has emerged as an important pathogen in dogs and an emerging pathogen in people. subsequently, four types of b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii have been described, all of which have been associated with endocarditis in dogs. a ...200919538271
insights in bartonella host specificity.the genus bartonella comprises a unique group of emerging gram-negative, intracellular bacteria that can cause a long-lasting intraerythrocytic bacteremia in their reservoir hosts. in recent years, the widespread occurrence and diversity of these bacteria has been increasingly recognized. this has resulted in a dramatic expansion of the genus bartonella to 24 currently described species or subspecies, among which at least half have been associated with human disease. bartonella infections have b ...200919538272
bartonella-like dna detected in ixodes tasmani ticks (acari: ixodida) infesting koalas (phascolarctos cinereus) in victoria, australia.a total of 42 ticks comprising ixodes tasmani (n = 41) and ixodes trichosuri (n = 1) were collected from wild koalas (phascolarctos cinereus) at the koala convention centre, philip island, victoria, australia and screened for the presence of bartonella using the target gene glta. bartonella-like dna was detected in 4 of the 19 pooled tick samples (21%). all positive ticks were male. analysis of partial sequences for the glta gene indicated the presence of a bartonella-related species similar to ...200919271994
dogs are more permissive than cats or guinea pigs to experimental infection with a human isolate of bartonella rochalimae.bartonella rochalimae was first isolated from the blood of a human who traveled to peru and was exposed to multiple insect bites. foxes and dogs are likely natural reservoirs for this bacterium. we report the results of experimental inoculation of two dogs, five cats and six guinea pigs with the only human isolate of this new bartonella species. both dogs became bacteremic for 5-7 weeks, with a peak of 10(3)-10(4) colony forming units (cfu)/ml blood. three cats had low bacteremia levels (< 200 c ...200919272295
prevalence of bartonella henselae antibodies in children and blood donors in croatia. 200919274430
ecological fitness and strategies of adaptation of bartonella species to their hosts and vectors.bartonella spp. are facultative intracellular bacteria that cause characteristic hostrestricted hemotropic infections in mammals and are typically transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods. in the mammalian reservoir, these bacteria initially infect a yet unrecognized primary niche, which seeds organisms into the blood stream leading to the establishment of a long-lasting intra-erythrocytic bacteremia as the hall-mark of infection. bacterial type iv secretion systems, which are supra-molecular tra ...200919284965
polymerase chain reaction for pathogen identification in persistent pediatric cervical lymphadenitis.to study routine culture-negative persistent cervical lymphadenitis in children treated surgically during a 10-year period (december 26, 1997, to october 1, 2007) at a single institution.200919289701
bacillary angiomatosis.an infection with bartonella henselae transmitted from domestic cats to humans by scratching normally leads to cat-scratch disease. when the human host has severe immunosuppression or hiv infection, the potentially life-threatening disease bacillary angiomatosis can develop. a 79-year-old man presented with livid-erythematous, angioma-like skin lesions. we considered a cutaneous infiltrate from his known chronic lymphocytic leukemia, merkel cell carcinoma, cutaneous metastases of internal tumors ...200919298547
a translocated protein of bartonella henselae interferes with endocytic uptake of individual bacteria and triggers uptake of large bacterial aggregates via the invasome.bartonella henselae enters human endothelial cells (ecs) by two alternative routes: either by endocytosis, giving rise to bartonella-containing vacuoles or by invasome-mediated internalization. only the latter process depends on the type iv secretion system virb/vird4 and involves the formation of cell surface-associated bacterial aggregates, which get engulfed by ec membranes in an f-actin-dependent manner, eventually resulting in their complete internalization. here, we report that among the v ...200919302579
[cat scratch disease with bone involvement: a case report and literature review].cat scratch disease is an infectious disease caused by bartonella henselae. most of the patients present with a lymphadenopathy associated with a local infection at the site of the cat scratch. disseminated infection is uncommon.200919303175
distinct activities of bartonella henselae type iv secretion effector proteins modulate capillary-like sprout formation.the zoonotic pathogen bartonella henselae (bh) can lead to vasoproliferative tumour lesions in the skin and inner organs known as bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis. the knowledge on the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in this pathogen-triggered angiogenic process is confined by the lack of a suitable animal model and a physiologically relevant cell culture model of angiogenesis. here we employed a three-dimensional in vitro angiogenesis assay of collagen gel-embedded endot ...200919416269
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