Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| requirement of the agr locus for colony spreading of staphylococcus aureus. | the important human pathogen staphylococcus aureus is known to spread on soft agar plates. here, we show that colony spreading of s. aureus involves the agr quorum-sensing system. this finding can be related to the agr-dependent expression of biosurfactants, such as phenol-soluble modulins, suggesting a connection between spreading motility and virulence. | 2010 | 21169484 |
| spa, clfa, and fnba genetic variations lead to staphaurex test-negative phenotypes in bovine mastitis staphylococcus aureus isolates. | staphylococcus aureus encodes many proteins that act as virulence factors, leading to a variety of diseases, including mastitis in cows. among these virulence factors, spa, clfa, clfb, fnba, and fnbb are important for the ability of s. aureus to adhere to and invade host cells as well as to evade host immune responses. the interaction between these s. aureus surface proteins and human immunoglobulin g and fibrinogen that are coupled to latex particles is utilized to induce latex agglutination re ... | 2010 | 21147952 |
| multiple antibacterial histone h2b proteins are expressed in tissues of american oyster. | we have previously identified a histone h2b isomer (cvh2b-1) from tissue extracts of the bivalve mollusk, the american oyster (crassostrea virginica). in this paper, we isolate an additional three antibacterial proteins from acidified gill extract by preparative acid-urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. extraction of these proteins from tissue was best accomplished by briefly boiling the tissues in a weak acetic acid solution. additio ... | 2010 | 21145411 |
| diversity of accessory genome of human and livestock-associated st398 methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus strains. | molecular typing of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) has documented the diversity of the genetic background of strains associated with healthcare (ha-mrsa), community (ca-mrsa) and livestock (la-mrsa). the accessory and core-variable genomes of those strains however remain largely unknown. | 2010 | 21145988 |
| [negative pressure wound therapy was useful in treating empyema with bronchopleural fistula]. | we report a case for whom negative pressure wound therapy (npwt) was applied for empyema with bronchopleural fistula. the patient was a 64-year-old man with a history of gastric resection and diabetes visited our hospital with chief complaints of fever and respiratory failure. in spite of conservative treatment after being diagnosed as empyema, bronchopleural fistula developed. in order to manage the pyothorax, the bronchopleural fistula was closed with endobronchial watanabe spigot, and fenestr ... | 2010 | 21066844 |
| new insights into the prevention of staphylococcal infections and toxic shock syndrome. | staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen capable of causing various diseases, from skin infections to life-threatening pneumonia and toxic shock syndrome. s. aureus exoproteins, including superantigens, contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of this organism. antibiotics inhibit growth, but often provide no protection from s. aureus exoproteins. with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant s. aureus, new therapeutic options to treat or prevent s. aureus-associated diseases are critica ... | 2010 | 21625323 |
| [evaluation of epidemic risk from pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria isolated from water of its various use types]. | the investigation was concerned with wild gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms (e. coli spp., klebsiella spp., salmonella spp., and the nonfermentative bacteria pseudomonas spp.) isolated from the waters of different types, as well as museum cultures (e. coli strain 1257, e. coli strain 675, salmonella enteritidis atcc 5765, staphylococcus aureus 906, and pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 10145). the wild strains were isolated from water when conducting experimental and field studies; these ... | 2010 | 21341500 |
| lactobacillus fermentum isolated from human colonic mucosal biopsy inhibits the growth and adhesion of enteric and foodborne pathogens. | a number of lactobacillus species are used as probiotic strains in order to benefit health. we have isolated l. fermentum from human colonic mucosal biopsy samples that possess antimicrobial activities against entroinvasive and foodborne pathogens such as escherichia coli, salmonella paratyphi a, shigella sonnei, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and vibrio sp. in addition to lactic acid, l. fermentum secretes antimicrobial proteinacious com ... | 2010 | 21535608 |
| tlr2-dependent pathway of heterologous down-modulation for the cc chemokine receptors 1, 2, and 5 in human blood monocytes. | during innate immune responses, the inflammatory cc chemokine receptors ccr1, ccr2, and ccr5 mediate the recruitment of blood monocytes to infected tissues by promoting cell migration in response to chemokines ccl2-5. toll-like receptors also play an essential role, allowing pathogen recognition by the recruited monocytes. here, we demonstrate that toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) stimulation by lipoteichoic acid (lta) from staphylococcus aureus leads to gradual down-modulation of ccr1, ccr2, and ccr ... | 2010 | 21148810 |
| evidence-based point-of-care tests and device designs for disaster preparedness. | to define pathogen tests and device specifications needed for emerging point-of-care (poc) technologies used in disasters. | 2010 | 21162410 |
| the systemic and pulmonary immune response to staphylococcal enterotoxins. | in response to environmental cues the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus synthesizes and releases proteinaceous enterotoxins. these enterotoxins are natural etiologic entities of severe food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome, and acute diseases. staphylococcal enterotoxins are currently listed as category b bioterrorism agents by the center for disease control and prevention. they are associated with respiratory illnesses, and may contribute to exacerbation of pulmonary disease. this likely stem ... | 2010 | 22069664 |
| rhabdomyolysis secondary to interaction between atorvastatin and fusidic acid. | a 48-year-old ill-looking man presented with nausea and vomiting. he had been on fusidic acid 500 mg three times a day and linezolid 600 mg twice a day for 2 weeks for right knee methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection post right knee arthroscopy performed a month previously. he had been on atorvastatin 40 mg daily and aspirin 75 mg once a day for a year. his investigations showed elevated creatine phosphokinase (cpk) (759 iu/litre) and transaminases (aspartate transaminase (ast) 5 ... | 2009 | 21918658 |
| an investigation of the quality of meat sold in lesotho. | since the closure of the lesotho abattoir in 2003, only imported meat can be legally sold. however, it was estimated in 2007 that 80% of the meat sold at butcheries comes from informal slaughter. the aim of this study was to investigate the situation. the number and location of informal butcheries in lesotho (n = 143) were recorded and mapped using geographical information systems. observations (photographs) of informal slaughter indicated a lack of hygiene, unskilled slaughtermen and illegal di ... | 2009 | 20458865 |
| staphylococcus aureus as an infectious agent: overview of biochemistry and molecular genetics of its pathogenicity. | although it is estimated that 20-30% of the general human population are carriers of staphylococcus aureus, this bacterium is one of the most important etiological agents responsible for healthcare-associated infections. the appearance of methicillin resistant s. aureus (mrsa) strains has created serious therapeutical problems. detailed understanding of the mechanisms of s. aureus infections seems necessary to develop new effective therapies against this pathogen. in this article, we present an ... | 2009 | 20011685 |
| [the effect of recombinant panton-valentine leukocidin on the production of cytokines by human alveolar macrophages]. | to investigate the effect of recombinant panton-valentine leukocidin (rpvl) on the regulation of human alveolar macrophage cd14 and il-10 and tnf-alpha. | 2009 | 19954003 |
| production of bioactive human alpha-defensin 5 in pichia pastoris. | human alpha-defensin 5 (hd5), a small cationic peptide, is expressed in paneth cell granules of small intestinal crypts. hd5 exhibits high antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic agents, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. in this study, the constitutive expression of hd5 antimicrobial peptide was achieved using the methylotrophic yeast, pichia pastoris (p. pastoris). hd5 cdna was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using human lung cell cdna as template. the 9 ... | 2009 | 19940385 |
| world vaccine congress lyon - terrapinn's 11th annual congress. | the 11th annual world vaccine congress, held in lyon, included topics covering new therapeutic developments in the field of vaccines. this conference report highlights selected presentations on the role of big pharma in vaccine development, the future direction of vaccine r&d, influenza preparedness in europe, and vaccines for staphylococcus aureus, cmv and cancer. investigational drugs discussed include an h5n1 influenza vaccine program from baxter international inc/dynport vaccine co llc, fp-0 ... | 2009 | 19943212 |
| coagulase positive staphylococcal colonization of humans and their household pets. | staphylococcus aureus colonization was identified in 67/242 (28%) humans, 19/132 (14%) dogs, and 7/161 (4.3%) cats in households in ontario, with methicillin-resistant s. aureus present in 8 (3.3%) humans, 2 (1.5%) dogs, and 0 cats. staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated from 8 (4.1%) humans, 61 (46%) dogs, and 11 (6.8%) cats, with methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius detected in 1 (0.4%) human, 6 (4.5%) dogs, and 2 (1.2%) cats. staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies coagulans was isola ... | 2009 | 19949556 |
| structural characterization of a protein a mimetic peptide dendrimer bound to human igg. | understanding the chemical physical properties of protein binding sites is at the basis of the rational design of protein ligands. the hinge region of the fc fragment of immunoglobulin g is an important and well characterized protein binding site, known to interact with several natural proteins and synthetic ligands. here, we report structural evidence that a staphylococcus aureus protein a mimetic peptide dendrimer, deduced by a combinatorial approach, binds close to the cgamma2/cgamma3 interfa ... | 2009 | 19924842 |
| phosphoinositide 3-kinase/akt and nuclear factor-kappab are involved in staphylococcus aureus-induced apoptosis in u937 cells. | to explore the mechanisms involved in staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) invading human monocytic u937 cells. | 2009 | 20120770 |
| characterization of beta-lactam antibiotic-induced vancomycin-resistant mrsa (bivr) in a patient with septicemia during long-term vancomycin administration. | it was reported that some methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) show resistance to vancomycin (vcm) and beta-lactam antibiotics; thus, they are termed beta-lactam antibiotic-induced vcm-resistant mrsa (bivr). the vcm resistance of mrsa is induced by the administration of beta-lactam antibiotics, but this phenomenon can be difficult to detect in the clinical laboratory. we detected the bivr strain in a 64-year-old man who had had a ventilator tube inserted directly into the windpipe ... | 2009 | 19856063 |
| dermaseptin da4, although closely related to dermaseptin b2, presents chemotactic and gram-negative selective bactericidal activities. | antimicrobial peptides participate in innate host defense by directly eliminating pathogens as a result of their ability to damage the microbial membrane and by providing danger signals that will recruit innate immune cells to the site of infection. dermaseptin da4 (drs-da4), a new antimicrobial peptide of the dermaseptin superfamily, was identified based on its chemotactic properties, contrasting with the currently used microbicidal properties assessment. the peptide was isolated and purified b ... | 2009 | 19843179 |
| a critical role for hemolysins and bacterial lipoproteins in staphylococcus aureus-induced activation of the nlrp3 inflammasome. | the mechanism by which bacterial pathogens activate caspase-1 via nlrp3 remains poorly understood. in this study, we show that the ability of staphylococcus aureus, a leading cause of infection in humans, to activate caspase-1 and induce il-1beta secretion resides in culture supernatants of growing bacteria. caspase-1 activation induced by s. aureus required alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hemolysins and the host nlrp3 inflammasome. mechanistically, alpha- and beta-hemolysins alone did not trigger casp ... | 2009 | 19717510 |
| streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection is correlated with the severity of h1n1 pandemic influenza. | initial reports in may 2009 of the novel influenza strain h1n1pdm estimated a case fatality rate (cfr) of 0.6%, similar to that of seasonal influenza. in july 2009, however, argentina reported 3056 cases with 137 deaths, representing a cfr of 4.5%. potential explanations for increased cfr included virus reassortment or genetic drift, or infection of a more vulnerable population. virus genomic sequencing of 26 argentinian samples representing both severe and mild disease indicated no evidence of ... | 2009 | 20046873 |
| ten years after to err is human. | 2009 | 19826077 | |
| primary immune deficiencies affecting lymphocyte differentiation: lessons from the spectrum of resulting infections. | understanding primary immunodeficiencies has elucidated many aspects of human immunity and susceptibility to infections. recently, defects have been identified that result in deficiencies of terminally differentiated subsets of lymphocytes including deficiencies of memory b cells, nkt cells and t(h)17 t cells. together with defects specific to t(h)1 responses, these disorders revealed that dedicated pathogen-specific mechanisms exist for prevalent human pathogens, and that some host defence stra ... | 2009 | 19651645 |
| eleucine indica possesses antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. | the use of evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine is increasing rapidly. eleucine indica (ei) is traditionally used in ailments associated with liver and kidneys. the therapeutic benefit of the medicinal plants is often attributed to their antioxidant properties. therefore, the aim of this study was to screen the hexane, dicholoromethane, ethyl acetate (ea) and methanol extracts (meth) of ei for their antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-cancer effects using total phenolic contents ... | 2009 | 19617201 |
| lodopyridone, a structurally unprecedented alkaloid from a marine actinomycete. | chemical examination of the secondary metabolites of a marine saccharomonospora sp., isolated from marine sediments collected at the mouth of the la jolla submarine canyon, yielded the unprecedented alkaloid lodopyridone (1). the low proton-to-carbon ratio of 1 precluded structure elucidation by nmr spectroscopic methods, thus the structure was defined by x-ray crystallography. lodopyridone is cytotoxic to hct-116 human colon cancer cells with ic(50) = 3.6 microm. | 2009 | 19883103 |
| recent human-to-poultry host jump, adaptation, and pandemic spread of staphylococcus aureus. | the impact of globalization on the emergence and spread of pathogens is an important veterinary and public health issue. staphylococcus aureus is a notorious human pathogen associated with serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections. in addition, s. aureus is a major cause of animal diseases including skeletal infections of poultry, which are a large economic burden on the global broiler chicken industry. here, we provide evidence that the majority of s. aureus isolates from broiler chi ... | 2009 | 19884497 |
| thapsigargin and flavin adenine dinucleotide ex vivo treatment rescues trafficking-defective gp91phox in chronic granulomatous disease leukocytes. | mutations in leukocyte nadph oxidase genes lead to defective respiratory burst in leukocytes and cause chronic granulomatous diseases (cgd) in humans. the most common form of cgd is caused by mutations in the membrane-bound oxidase component gp91phox, which is encoded by the cybb gene on the x chromosome. we previously reported on a patient with a cybb mutation (h338y) that prevents the intracellular trafficking and expression of gp91phox on leukocytes. the capacity of the leukocytes to produce ... | 2009 | 19631269 |
| characterizing t-cell phenotypes in nasal polyposis in chinese patients. | nasal polyposis has different etiologies in western and eastern countries. furthermore, its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. | 2009 | 19639723 |
| occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in rats living on pig farms. | in the netherlands, mrsa st398 has emerged in hospitals and human carriers have been associated with exposure to pigs and cattle. high prevalences of mrsa st398 in pigs and pig farmers have been determined and the transmission routes of mrsa on pig farms need to be elucidated. in the south of the netherlands, in recent years, the black rat (rattus rattus) has emerged as a prominent rodent on livestock farms. from march till may 2008, a survey on mrsa in rats living on livestock farms in the sout ... | 2009 | 19523703 |
| diversity of the tetracycline resistance gene tet(m) and identification of tn916- and tn5801-like (tn6014) transposons in staphylococcus aureus from humans and animals. | to analyse the sequence diversity of the tetracycline resistance gene tet(m) in staphylococcus aureus from humans and animals and to determine mobile elements associated with tet(m) in s. aureus. | 2009 | 19531603 |
| macrophage elastase kills bacteria within murine macrophages. | macrophages are aptly positioned to function as the primary line of defence against invading pathogens in many organs, including the lung and peritoneum. their ability to phagocytose and clear microorganisms has been well documented. macrophages possess several substances with which they can kill bacteria, including reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and antimicrobial proteins. we proposed that macrophage-derived proteinases may contribute to the antimicrobial properties of macrophages. macr ... | 2009 | 19536155 |
| recombinant human growth hormone improves survival and protects against acute lung injury in murine staphylococcus aureus sepsis. | to investigate whether recombinant human growth hormone (rhgh) reduces mortality and protects against staphylococcus aureus sepsis-induced acute lung injury. | 2009 | 19536455 |
| extremely low excretion of daptomycin into breast milk of a nursing mother with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus pelvic inflammatory disease. | antibiotic treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) is often broad spectrum and targets a diverse range of vaginal flora. treatment of pid in nursing mothers presents a particular clinical challenge because use of antimicrobials during breastfeeding poses several potential risks to infants. excretion of drugs into breast milk can occur through different mechanisms and depends on the characteristics of both the drug and the mother. whether daptomycin is excreted into breast milk is unknown ... | 2009 | 19249952 |
| change in environmental bacterial flora in a new hospital building. | microbial surveillance of environmental bacteria was performed in order to study the microbial changes in a newly established hospital building. airborne bacteria and surface-associated bacteria on floors and sinks were systematically collected between 2002 and 2005. the number of isolates obtained from frequently used floors was significantly higher than that obtained from those floors used less often. a significant increase in staphylococcus aureus, the appearance of pseudomonas aeruginosa, an ... | 2009 | 19640607 |
| pneumatocele formation in adult pulmonary tuberculosis during antituberculous chemotherapy: a case report. | pulmonary pneumatoceles are thin-walled, air-filled cysts that develop within the lung. most often, they occur as a sequela to acute pneumonia, commonly caused by staphylococcus aureus, and are found more frequently in infants and young children. adult tuberculous pulmonary pneumatoceles are seldom reported. | 2009 | 19918388 |
| crystallization and initial x-ray diffraction study of the three pasta domains of the ser/thr kinase stk1 from the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus. | pasta subunits (approximately 70 amino acids) are specific to bacterial serine/threonine kinases and to penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) and are involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan. the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus contains a serine/threonine kinase, stk1, which plays a major role in virulence. a recombinant his-tagged portion of the extracellular domain of stk1 containing three pasta subunits has been crystallized using zinc sulfate as a crystallizing agent. the crystals belong ... | 2009 | 19923747 |
| vacuum-assisted closure for bilateral severe ischemic foot after revascularization: a case report. | vacuum-assisted closure (vac) therapy is a unique system that helps promote wound healing. we report a case of severe ischemic foot in which vac therapy markedly improved wound healing. a 73-year-old man underwent left axillopopliteal bypass and left 3rd, 4th , and 5th digital amputations for gangrene. although his amputation stumps were complicated with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection, the stumps were successfully healed by vac. he also had gangrene in his right 1st ... | 2009 | 19648880 |
| keratinocytes treated with peptidoglycan from staphylococcus aureus produce vascular endothelial growth factor, and its expression is amplified by the subsequent production of interleukin-13. | vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf)-transgenic mice develop psoriasiform plaques that resemble human psoriasis, demonstrating that vegf is an important factor in the development of psoriasis. in human keratinocytes, vegf is regulated by human cathelicidin ll37, and the expression of this peptide, as well as interleukin-13 receptor-alpha1 (il-13ralpha1) and vegf, is increased in psoriatic skin. peptidoglycan (pgn) stimulates innate immunity, inducing cytokines and antimicrobial peptides (ca ... | 2009 | 19659863 |
| mrsa-pyomyositis in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia after intensive chemotherapy. | background: a case of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa)-pyomyositis in association with acute myelogenous leukemia (aml) is reported. mrsa-sepsis developed in a 51-year-old japanese man with aml, during the neutropenic period after high-dose 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-c). although the mrsa-sepsis initially improved with arbekacin sulfate (abk) administration, a high fever recurred with left thigh pain despite recovery of the neutrophil count after abk was stopped. a ... | 2009 | 19661356 |
| loss of viability and induction of apoptosis in human keratinocytes exposed to staphylococcus aureus biofilms in vitro. | bacteria colonizing chronic wounds are believed to exist as polymicrobial, biofilm communities; however, there are few studies demonstrating the role of biofilms in chronic wound pathogenesis. this study establishes a novel method for studying the effect of biofilms on the cell types involved in wound healing. cocultures of staphylococcus aureus biofilms and human keratinocytes (hk) were created by initially growing s. aureus biofilms on tissue culture inserts then transferring the inserts to ex ... | 2009 | 19671124 |
| meticillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus costochondritis in a healthy man. | a 54-year-old previously healthy white man presented to hospital with fever, right parasternal pain and swelling over the right second and third costochondral joints. the symptoms had developed 1 week earlier. | 2009 | 19946297 |
| tln-05220, tln-05223, new echinosporamicin-type antibiotics, and proposed revision of the structure of bravomicins(*). | the deposited strain of the hazimicin producer, micromonospora echinospora ssp. challisensis nrrl 12255 has considerable biosynthetic capabilities as revealed by genome scanning. among these is a locus containing both type i and type ii pks genes. the presumed products of this locus, tln-05220 (1) and tln-05223 (2), bear a core backbone composed of six fused rings starting with a 2-pyridone moiety. the structures were confirmed by conventional spectral analyses including ms, and 1d and 2d nmr ex ... | 2009 | 19680283 |
| are national targets the right way to improve infection control practice? | the 'right way to improve infection control practice' should be cost-effective and lead to a fair distribution of infection control resources. cost-effectiveness is a measure of aggregate 'good', and fairness emphasises similar treatment for individuals under similar circumstances. the uk national meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) bloodstream infection (bsi) target encourages national health service trusts to prioritise strategies aimed at mrsa bsi prevention. under resource-limi ... | 2009 | 19699553 |
| prevalence and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) among pigs on german farms and import of livestock-related mrsa into hospitals. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) among pigs and estimate the impact of this animal reservoir on human healthcare. nasal swabs were derived from 1,600 pigs at 40 german farms. the mrsa were characterized using s. aureus protein a (spa) typing, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and detection of toxin genes. in a retrospective case control study, we compared risk factors for the carriage of mrsa ... | 2009 | 19701815 |
| small-molecule costimulatory blockade: organic dye inhibitors of the cd40-cd154 interaction. | costimulatory blockade is one of the most promising therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases as well as in transplant recipients, and inhibition of the cluster of differentiation (cd)40-cd154 interaction, which is required for t cell activation and development of an effective immune response, is particularly promising in islet transplant recipients. here, we report the ability of several small-molecule organic dyes to concentration dependently inhibit this interaction with ic(50) values in the ... | 2009 | 19707732 |
| single-nucleotide polymorphism in the sccmec-orfx junction distinguishes between livestock-associated mrsa cc398 and human epidemic mrsa strains. | a number of real-time pcr assays for direct detection of methicillinresistant (mrsa) in clinical specimens are targeting staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) right extremity sequences and the s. aureus chromosomal orfx gene sequences located to the right of the sccmec integration site. when testing 184 mrsa strains of human and animal origin from geographically distinct locations, we identified several characteristic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within the sccmec-orfx juncti ... | 2009 | 20003904 |
| mycotic ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm at aortic cannulation site. | mycotic aneurysm of the aorta is a rare but highly fatal complication of coronary bypass surgery. a 49-year-old man developed mycotic pseudoaneurysm in the ascending aorta after coronary bypass in another hospital. computed tomography showed the pseudoaneurysm originated from the previous aortic cannulation site. the defect was successfully repaired with pericardial-pledgeted sutures. | 2009 | 19713342 |
| antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity in staphylococcus aureus from slaughter pigs in switzerland. | nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus was evaluated in pigs at slaughterhouse. the nasal cavities of 304 pigs from 54 herds were screened. eighty-nine percent of the farms harbored pigs that were colonized with s. aureus. among them, no mrsa were found, indicating a low prevalence. however, pigs were found to harbor s. aureus, which displayed resistance to penicillin (blaz) (62.5%), tetracycline [tet(m)] (33.3%), streptomycin (strps194) (27%), clindamycin [erm(b)] (4.1%), erythromycin [erm(b)] ... | 2009 | 19722130 |
| through the looking glass, mechanistic insights from enantiomeric human defensins. | despite the small size and conserved tertiary structure of defensins, little is known at a molecular level about the basis of their functional versatility. for insight into the mechanism(s) of defensin function, we prepared enantiomeric pairs of four human defensins, hnp1, hnp4, hd5, and hbd2, and studied their killing of bacteria, inhibition of anthrax lethal factor, and binding to hiv-1 gp120. unstructured hnp1, hd5, and hbd3 and several other human alpha- and beta-defensins were also examined ... | 2009 | 19640840 |
| identification of novel antibacterial peptides by chemoinformatics and machine learning. | the rise of antibiotic resistant pathogens is one of the most pressing global health issues. discovery of new classes of antibiotics has not kept pace; new agents often suffer from cross-resistance to existing agents of similar structure. short, cationic peptides with antimicrobial activity are essential to the host defenses of many organisms and represent a promising new class of antimicrobials. this paper reports the successful in silico screening for potent antibiotic peptides using a combina ... | 2009 | 19296598 |
| serologic assay to quantify human immunoglobulin g antibodies to the staphylococcus aureus iron surface determinant b antigen. | a direct binding luminex assay has been developed and validated for the detection of human immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies to the staphylococcus aureus iron surface determinant b protein (isdb) in serum following natural infection or immunization with investigational saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived isdb-based vaccines. to ensure that isdb-specific igg antibodies are measured following immunization with s. cerevisiae-derived isdb, an escherichia coli-produced isdb antigen is used in the assay. ... | 2009 | 19321693 |
| trends in udder health and emerging mastitogenic pathogens in south african dairy herds. | the aim of this study was to retrospectively analyse the results of milk samples obtained from south african dairy herds during the period 1996 to april 2007 in order to identify possible trends in isolates of microorganisms and their pathogenicity under field conditions. milk samples were obtained from 7 of the 9 provinces in south africa where there are low numbers of dairy cows. although there is scientific limitation to a country wide survey, such as the variation in herd size, management sk ... | 2009 | 19653514 |
| phenol-soluble modulin alpha 3 enhances the human neutrophil lysis mediated by panton-valentine leukocidin. | panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl) has long been considered a critical toxin in severe staphylococcus aureus infection. pvl presumably breaches the body's defense system by lysing human polymorphonuclear cells (pmns). recently, however, bioactive peptides--phenol-soluble modulins (psms)--have been proposed as the main player in the lysis of pmns, rather than pvl. this study aimed to resolve uncertainty concerning the cause of the lysis of human pmns by using recombinant pvl toxins and pvl-neutral ... | 2009 | 19653829 |
| ribosomally synthesized thiopeptide antibiotics targeting elongation factor tu. | we identified the thiomuracins, a novel family of thiopeptides produced by a rare-actinomycete bacterium typed as a nonomuraea species, via a screen for inhibition of growth of the bacterial pathogen staphylococcus aureus. thiopeptides are a class of macrocyclic, highly modified peptides that are decorated by thiazoles and defined by a central six-membered heterocyclic ring system. mining the genomes of thiopeptide-producing strains revealed the elusive biosynthetic route for this class of antib ... | 2009 | 19338336 |
| proteomics-based identification of anchorless cell wall proteins as vaccine candidates against staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen with increasing clinical impact due to the extensive spread of antibiotic-resistant strains. therefore, development of a protective polyvalent vaccine is of great clinical interest. we employed an intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) preparation as a source of antibodies directed against anchorless s. aureus surface proteins for identification of novel vaccine candidates. in order to identify such proteins, subtractive proteome analysis (supra) o ... | 2009 | 19364833 |
| anopheles gambiae pgrplc-mediated defense against bacteria modulates infections with malaria parasites. | recognition of peptidoglycan (pgn) is paramount for insect antibacterial defenses. in the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster, the transmembrane pgn recognition protein lc (pgrp-lc) is a receptor of the imd signaling pathway that is activated after infection with bacteria, mainly gram-negative (gram-). here we demonstrate that bacterial infections of the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae are sensed by the orthologous pgrplc protein which then activates a signaling pathway that involves the rel/nf ... | 2009 | 19662170 |
| tinea capitis mimicking tufted hair folliculitis. | we report a case of tinea capitis mimicking tufted hair folliculitis in a 56-year-old european man, who presented with a 4-year history of pain and erythema in an area of scarring alopecia of the occipital scalp, with scales and tufts of hair emerging from individual follicles. histological examination showed hair plugging, and a dense perifollicular infiltrate of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. there was widespread scarring and fibrosis. bacterial cultures were negative for staphylo ... | 2009 | 19663859 |
| comparative genome-scale metabolic reconstruction and flux balance analysis of multiple staphylococcus aureus genomes identify novel antimicrobial drug targets. | mortality due to multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection is predicted to surpass that of human immunodeficiency virus/aids in the united states. despite the various treatment options for s. aureus infections, it remains a major hospital- and community-acquired opportunistic pathogen. with the emergence of multidrug-resistant s. aureus strains, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new antimicrobial drug targets in the organism. to this end, we reconstructed the metabolic netwo ... | 2009 | 19376871 |
| c-jun n-terminal kinase-mediated signaling is essential for staphylococcus aureus-induced u937 apoptosis. | to investigate the effect of sp600125, a specific c-jun n-terminal protein kinase (jnk) inhibitor, on staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus)-induced u937 cell death and the underlying mechanism. | 2009 | 19382420 |
| impaired tlr-2 expression and tlr-2-mediated cytokine secretion in macrophages from patients with atopic dermatitis. | in many patients with atopic dermatitis (ad), the disease is complicated by their enhanced susceptibility to bacterial skin infections, especially with staphylococcus aureus. the pattern recognition receptor toll-like receptor (tlr)-2 recognizes components of s. aureus, for example, lipoteichoic acid (lta) and peptidoglycan (pgn) and, therefore, might be crucial in the pathogenesis and flare-ups of ad. | 2009 | 19392987 |
| isolation, identification, and characterization of small bioactive peptides from lactobacillus gg conditional media that exert both anti-gram-negative and gram-positive bactericidal activity. | diarrheal diseases remain a major human plague that still claim millions of lives every year. probiotics, including lactobacillus gg (lgg), are known to have a beneficial effect on diarrheal diseases, but their mechanism of action has not yet been completely established. therefore, the main objective of this work was to identify and characterize moieties elaborated by lgg that exert antibacterial activity. | 2009 | 19465870 |
| surgical removal of an infected aortic endoprosthesis using a wire cutter. | the purpose of this study is to report a new method of removing an infected endoprosthesis from the abdominal aorta using a wire cutter. a 65-year-old man with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm was admitted to our hospital. he was treated with an endovascular abdominal endoprosthesis and discharged one week later. three months after placement, the patient returned with an infection of the aortic endoprosthesis. the endoprosthesis had been fixed with barbs and hooks above the renal arteries an ... | 2009 | 19455093 |
| the alyteserins: two families of antimicrobial peptides from the skin secretions of the midwife toad alytes obstetricans (alytidae). | two families of structurally related c-terminally alpha-amidated antimicrobial peptides have been identified in norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the midwife toad alytes obstetricans (alytidae). the alyteserin-1 peptides (gly-leu-lys-(asp/glu)-ile-phe-lys-ala-gly-leu-gly-ser-leu-val-lys-(gly/asn)-ile-ala-ala-his-val-ala-(asn/ser).nh(2)) show limited structural similarity to the ascaphins from the skins of frogs of the family leiopelmatidae. alyteserin-2a (ile-leu-gly-lys-leu-leu-ser-t ... | 2009 | 19463738 |
| toll-like receptor 2 ligands on the staphylococcal cell wall downregulate superantigen-induced t cell activation and prevent toxic shock syndrome. | staphylococcal superantigens are pyrogenic exotoxins that cause massive t cell activation leading to toxic shock syndrome and death. despite the strong adaptive immune response induced by these toxins, infections by superantigen-producing staphylococci are very common clinical events. we hypothesized that this may be partly a result of staphylococcal strains having developed strategies that downregulate the t cell response to these toxins. here we show that the human interleukin-2 response to st ... | 2009 | 19465927 |
| structural and functional characterization of spla, an exclusively specific protease of staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous human pathogen whose antibiotic resistance is steadily increasing and no efficient vaccine is as yet available. this serious threat drives extensive studies on staphylococcal physiology and pathogenicity pathways, especially virulence factors. spl (serine protease-like) proteins encoded by an operon containing up to six genes are a good example of poorly characterized secreted proteins probably involved in virulence. in the present study, we describe an effic ... | 2009 | 19175361 |
| structure of the tyrosine-sulfated c5a receptor n terminus in complex with chemotaxis inhibitory protein of staphylococcus aureus. | complement component c5a is a potent pro-inflammatory agent inducing chemotaxis of leukocytes toward sites of infection and injury. c5a mediates its effects via its g protein-coupled c5a receptor (c5ar). although under normal conditions highly beneficial, excessive levels of c5a can be deleterious to the host and have been related to numerous inflammatory diseases. a natural inhibitor of the c5ar is chemotaxis inhibitory protein of staphylococcus aureus (chips). chips is a 121-residue protein ex ... | 2009 | 19251703 |
| reemergence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era. | staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of bacterial infections in developed countries and produces a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from minor skin infections to fatal necrotizing pneumonia. although s. aureus infections were historically treatable with common antibiotics, emergence of drug-resistant organisms is now a major concern. methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) was endemic in hospitals by the late 1960s, but it appeared rapidly and unexpectedly in communities in the 1990s and ... | 2009 | 19729844 |
| plectasin shows intracellular activity against staphylococcus aureus in human thp-1 monocytes and in a mouse peritonitis model. | antimicrobial therapy of infections with staphylococcus aureus can pose a challenge due to slow response to therapy and recurrence of infection. these treatment difficulties can partly be explained by intracellular survival of staphylococci, which is why the intracellular activity of antistaphylococcal compounds has received increased attention within recent years. the intracellular activity of plectasin, an antimicrobial peptide, against s. aureus was determined both in vitro and in vivo. in vi ... | 2009 | 19738011 |
| impact of human serum albumin on oritavancin in vitro activity against staphylococcus aureus. | human serum albumin (hsa) did not affect oritavancin mics against non-vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus (non-visa) strains. in time-kill assays, oritavancin bactericidal activity in the presence of hsa was significantly more rapid than comparators against non-visa strains. hsa increased oritavancin mics by 4-fold for visa strains, reflective of reduced oritavancin activity in time-kill assays with hsa. | 2009 | 19748436 |
| bacterial surface protein l binds and inactivates neutrophil proteins s100a8/a9. | finegoldia magna is an anaerobic bacterial species that is part of the normal human flora on all nonsterile body surfaces, but it is also a significant opportunistic pathogen causing a wide range of infections. some isolates of f. magna that are more frequently associated with clinical infection express protein l, a surface protein containing multiple homologous domains (b1-b5) that bind igs through interactions with ig l chains. the present study shows that the n-terminal a domain of protein l ... | 2009 | 19752232 |
| non-spa-typeable clinical staphylococcus aureus strains are naturally occurring protein a mutants. | staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen responsible for increasing the prevalence of community- and hospital-acquired infections. protein a (spa) is a key virulence factor of s. aureus and is highly conserved. sequencing of the variable-number tandem-repeat region of spa (spa typing) provides a rapid and reliable method for epidemiological studies. rarely, non-spa-typeable s. aureus strains are encountered. the reason for this is not known. in this study, we characterized eight non-spa-t ... | 2009 | 19759222 |
| selective reciprocity in antimicrobial activity versus cytotoxicity of hbd-2 and crotamine. | recent discoveries suggest cysteine-stabilized toxins and antimicrobial peptides have structure-activity parallels derived by common ancestry. here, human antimicrobial peptide hbd-2 and rattlesnake venom-toxin crotamine were compared in phylogeny, 3d structure, target cell specificity, and mechanisms of action. results indicate a striking degree of structural and phylogenetic congruence. importantly, these polypeptides also exhibited functional reciprocity: (i) they exerted highly similar antim ... | 2009 | 19706485 |
| lactococcus lactis expressing either staphylococcus aureus fibronectin-binding protein a or listeria monocytogenes internalin a can efficiently internalize and deliver dna in human epithelial cells. | lactococci are noninvasive bacteria frequently used as protein delivery vectors and, more recently, as in vitro and in vivo dna delivery vehicles. we previously showed that a functional eukaryotic enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) expression plasmid vector was delivered in epithelial cells by lactococcus lactis producing listeria monocytogenes internalin a (l. lactis inla(+)), but this strategy is limited in vivo to transgenic mice and guinea pigs. in this study, we compare the internali ... | 2009 | 19482952 |
| [antimicrobial activities of the culture supernatant of 293 cells transfected with recombinant hbd-2 gene eukyriotic expressive plasmid]. | in this study, hbd-2 eukaryotic expression recombinant plasmid pcdna 3.1-zeo(+)-hbd-2 was constructed by the molecular cloning technologies, and 293 cells were transfected by liposome. the cell culture supernatant was collected and its antibacterial activities against staphylococcus aureus atcc25923 and pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc27853 were tested. the antibacterial activity against s. aureus of the culture supernatant of the hbd-2 gene transfected-293 cells was detected, whereas in the same con ... | 2009 | 19499805 |
| antibacterial activity of synthetic fire ant venom: the solenopsins and isosolenopsins. | we determined the in vitro activity of 9 synthetic fire ant venom alkaloids (+/-)-solenopsin a, (2r, 6r)-solenopsin a, (2s, 6s)-solenopsin b, (+/-)-isosolenopsin a, (2s, 6r)-isosolenopsin a,(2r, 6s)-isosolenopsin a, (+/-)-isosolenopsin b, (2s, 6r)-isosolenopsin b, and (2r, 6s)-isosolenopsin b against 6 species of bacteria (streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and pseudomonas aeruginosa). | 2009 | 19826319 |
| successful treatment of candida parapsilosis and pseudomonas aeruginosa infection using medical and surgical management in an injecting drug user with mitral and aortic valve endocarditis: a case report. | polymicrobial endocarditis is a well-recognized problem in intravenous drug users and it accounts for 1 to 3% of endocarditis cases overall and up to 9% in other series. the most common combinations of organisms include staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae followed by staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. candida parapsilosis endocarditis carries a mortality rate of 45%, and each infection with candida or pseudomonas endocarditis per se carries a very high mortality rat ... | 2009 | 19830113 |
| treating chronic wound infections with genetically modified free flaps. | the success of antimicrobial therapy has been impaired by the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. antimicrobial peptides are ubiquitous proteins that are part of the innate immune system and are successful against such antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. the authors have previously demonstrated the feasibility of protein delivery via microvascular free flap gene therapy and here they examine this approach for recalcitrant infections. | 2009 | 19337084 |
| disinfection of maxillofacial silicone elastomer using a novel antimicrobial agent: recombinant human beta-defensin-3. | maxillofacial silicone elastomer, when used as a prosthesis, is in contact with wound surfaces and mucosa, and tends to be contaminated with microorganisms from a patient's saliva and blood. the aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of human beta-defensin-3 (hbd3) on the reduction of two resistant bacteria species from the surface of maxillofacial silicone elastomer. hbd3 cdna was amplified from total rna, which had been extracted from human gingival epithelium by means of reverse-transc ... | 2009 | 18841402 |
| health care-associated infections: is there an end in sight? | overview: health care-associated infections (hais) have emerged as a significant concern in policy as well as clinical circles. an hai is an infection acquired during treatment for another condition. some of the hai-causing bacteria have become drug-resistant; methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, or mrsa, is a familiar example. tied to perhaps 100,000 deaths and $20 billion in health care costs each year, hais have given rise to state laws, legislative proposals at the federal level, pub ... | 2009 | 19343832 |
| endocarditis caused by staphylococcus aureus: a reappraisal of the epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic manifestations with analysis of factors determining outcome. | staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of infectious endocarditis and its mortality has remained high despite better diagnostic and therapeutic procedures over time. we conducted a retrospective review of 133 cases of definite s. aureus endocarditis seen at a single tertiary care hospital over 22 years to assess changes in the epidemiology and incidence of the infection, manifestations, outcome, risk factors for mortality, and impact of cardiac surgery on prognosis.patients were classified i ... | 2009 | 19352296 |
| biofilm production, a marker of pathogenic potential of colonizing and commensal staphylococci. | biofilm is one of the known virulence factors of staphylococci, a human and animal pathogen and commensal. some of the strains become invasive under favorable conditions while others do not cause disease. early detection and management of potentially pathogenic staphylococci is the essential step to prevent device-associated infections. there is also a need to evaluate one simple method for the detection of potential pathogens. hence this study was planned to study the difference in potential of ... | 2009 | 18851996 |
| soluble fusion expression and characterization of bioactive human beta-defensin 26 and 27. | this study reports the first successful recombinant expression of cationic antimicrobial peptides human beta-defensin-26 and human beta-defensin-27 in escherichia coli. hbd26 and hbd27 genes were synthesized through codon optimization, and each gene was then cloned into the expression vector pet32, which feature fusion protein thioredoxin at the n-terminal. the recombinant plasmids were then transformed into e. coli bl21 (de3) and cultured in mbl medium, which gave yields of hbd26 and hbd27 fusi ... | 2009 | 19373462 |
| the saer/s gene regulatory system is essential for innate immune evasion by staphylococcus aureus. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is problematic both in hospitals and in the community. currently, we have limited understanding of mechanisms of innate immune evasion used by s. aureus. to that end, we created an isogenic deletion mutant in strain mw2 (usa400) of the saer/s 2-component gene regulatory system and studied its role in mouse models of pathogenesis and during human neutrophil interaction. in this study, we demonstrate that saer/s plays a distinct role in s. aureus pathoge ... | 2009 | 19374556 |
| osteoblasts participate in the innate immunity of the bone by producing human beta defensin-3. | gram-positive bacterial bone infections are an important cause of morbidity particularly in immunocompromised patients. antimicrobial peptides (ap) are effectors of the innate immune system and directly kill microorganisms in the first hours after microbial infection. the aim of the present investigation was to study the expression and regulation of gram-positive specialized human beta-defensin-3 (hbd-3) in bone. samples of healthy and osteomyelitic human bone were assessed for the expression of ... | 2009 | 18925411 |
| proinflammatory impact of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin b on human nasal epithelial cells and inhibition by dexamethasone. | the pathophysiology and etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (crswnp) are poorly understood. although a potential role of staphylococcal enterotoxins (se) in the pathogenesis of crswnp has been detected, additional studies are needed on the impact of se on nasal epithelial cells. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin b (seb) on proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine releases in primary human nasal epithelial cells (hnec) of subjects ... | 2009 | 19379606 |
| inhibition of endothelial interleukin-8 production and neutrophil transmigration by staphylococcus aureus beta-hemolysin. | neutrophils play a crucial role in the host response to infection with staphylococcus aureus, which is a major human pathogen capable of causing life-threatening disease. interleukin-8 (il-8) is a potent chemoattractant and activator of neutrophils. we previously reported that s. aureus secretes a factor that suppresses il-8 production by human endothelial cells. here we isolated an inhibitor of il-8 production from the supernatant and identified it as staphylococcal beta-hemolysin. beta-hemolys ... | 2009 | 18936175 |
| [analysis of protein interaction network and function of staphylococcus aureus]. | staphylococcus aureus is a member of gram positive bacteria,but is also one of common pathogens that are most difficult to treat. it infects human skin, soft tissue, mucous membrane, bone and joint, especially in the nosocomial environment. because studies on staphylococcus aureus before were largely based on a single gene or protein, it is necessary to study this organism from the whole genome. | 2009 | 19388265 |
| genetic diversity and ecological success of staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing humans. | the genetic determinants and phenotypic traits which make a staphylococcus aureus strain a successful colonizer are largely unknown. the genetic diversity and population structure of 133 s. aureus isolates from healthy, generally risk-free adult carriers were investigated using four different typing methods: multilocus sequence typing (mlst), amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis (aflp), double-locus sequence typing (dlst), and spa typing were compared. carriage isolates displayed grea ... | 2009 | 18978084 |
| inactivation of chlorhexidine gluconate on skin by incompatible alcohol hand sanitizing gels. | incompatibility of leave-on products with an antimicrobial residual can negate the efficacy benefits of chlorhexidine gluconate (chg) persistence. two marketed alcohol products containing carbomer were tested using a pigskin substrate model against staphylococcus aureus. the chg residual achieved a 4.22 log(10) reduction (standard deviation [sd] = 0.32) in this study, which was dramatically reduced to a 0.54 (sd = 0.50) and 0.46 (sd = 0.56) after subsequent treatment with incompatible alcohol ge ... | 2009 | 19398245 |
| immunomodulatory effect of cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (cpg)-oligonucleotides in nonasthmatic chronic rhinosinusitis: an explant model. | the use of cytosine-phosphate-guanosine-oligodeoxynucleotides (cpg-odns) or immunostimulatory sequences (isss) in the treatment of airway diseases is gaining interest. binding of the cpg-odn ligand to toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) triggers a shift from a th2- to a th1-type response in the target tissue. in this study, we explored the potential use of cpg-odn to dampen the predominantly th2-driven chronic inflammatory state in our cohort of patients. | 2009 | 19401034 |
| cloning and expression of a new recombinant thrombolytic and anthithrombotic agent - a staphylokinase variant. | to develop a more potent antithrombin agent with thrombolytic and antiplatelet properties, a new staphylokinase (sak) variant was constructed. the kringle 2 domain (k2) of tissue type-plasminogen activator (t-pa) containing a fibrin-specific binding site (i), the rgd sequence (arg-gly-asp) for the prevention of platelet aggregation (ii) and the antithrombotic agent - hirulog (iii) was assembled to the c-terminal part of recombinant staphylokinase (r-sak). cdna for the hybrid protein sak-rgd-k2-h ... | 2009 | 19018330 |
| osteopontin enhances phagocytosis through a novel osteopontin receptor, the alphaxbeta2 integrin. | osteopontin (opn) is a cytokine with multiple functions, including immune defense mechanisms against invading microorganisms. opn-deficient mice are impaired in clearing intracellular pathogens, suggesting an important role of opn during phagocytosis, but it remains to be defined how opn may enhance this innate immune process. here, we demonstrate that opn binds to monocytes, but not resting t cells, nk cells, or b cells, and mediates chemoattraction of il-1-activated human monocytes. moreover, ... | 2009 | 19454691 |
| rhbmp-2 modulation of gene expression in infected segmental bone defects. | the osteoinductive capability of bmps appears diminished in the setting of acute infection. we applied rhbmp-2 to a segmental defect in a rat femur and measured the expression of key bone formation genes in the presence of acute infection. types i and ii collagen, osteocalcin, and bmp type ii receptor mrna expression were characterized in 72 sprague-dawley rats, which received either bovine collagen carrier with 200 mug rhbmp-2 plus staphylococcus aureus, carrier with bacteria only, carrier with ... | 2009 | 19018606 |
| herbal therapy associated with antibiotic therapy: potentiation of the antibiotic activity against methicillin--resistant staphylococcus aureus by turnera ulmifolia l. | staphylococcus genus is widely spread in nature being part of the indigenous microbiota of skin and mucosa of animal and birds. some staphylococcus species are frequently recognized as etiological agents of many animal and human opportunistic infections this is the first report testing the antibiotic resistance-modifying activity of turnera ulmifolia against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus--mrsa strain. | 2009 | 19426487 |
| detection and identification of specific bacteria in wound biofilms using peptide nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization (pna fish). | biofilms provide a reservoir of potentially infectious micro-organisms that are resistant to antimicrobial agents, and their importance in the failure of medical devices and chronic inflammatory conditions is increasingly being recognized. particular research interest exists in the association of biofilms with wound infection and non-healing, i.e. chronic wounds. in this study, fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) was used in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) to dete ... | 2009 | 19477903 |
| evaluation of strategies for improving proteolytic resistance of antimicrobial peptides by using variants of efk17, an internal segment of ll-37. | methods for increasing the proteolytic stability of efk17 (efkrivqrikdflrnlv), a new peptide sequence with antimicrobial properties derived from ll-37, were evaluated. efk17 was modified by four d-enantiomer or tryptophan (w) substitutions at known protease cleavage sites as well as by terminal amidation and acetylation. the peptide variants were studied in terms of proteolytic resistance, antibacterial potency, and cytotoxicity but also in terms their adsorption at model lipid membranes, liposo ... | 2009 | 19029324 |
| the heme sensor system of staphylococcus aureus. | the important human pathogen staphylococcus aureus is able to satisfy its nutrient iron requirement by acquiring heme from host hemoglobin in the context of infection. however, heme acquisition exposes s. aureus to heme toxicity. in order to detect the presence of toxic levels of exogenous heme, s. aureus is able to sense heme through the heme sensing system (hssrs) two-component system. upon sensing heme, hssrs directly regulates the expression of the heme-regulated abc transporter hrtab, which ... | 2009 | 19494582 |