Publications

folate sensitive common fragile sites in chromosomes of the domestic pig (sus scrofa).	chromosomal fragile sites were studied in blood lymphocytes of the pig after induction with 0, 5, 10 and 20 micrograms of fluorodeoxyuridine (fudr) ml-1 of culture. the percentage of cells showing fragile sites and total breaks and gaps in 100 cells was significantly higher in all treated cultures than the control (p < 0.001). a concentration of 5 to 10 micrograms of fudr ml-1 of medium is recommended as the optimum for mitotic index and fragile site expression in the pig. localisation of the fr ...	1993	8235092
the sex-determining region y (sry) gene is mapped to p12-p13 of the y chromosome in pig (sus scrofa domestica) by in situ hybridization.	the sex-determining region y is a gene located in the distal portion of the short arm of human (sry) and mouse (sry) y chromosomes and considered to be the best candidate for the testis determining factor (tdf/tdy). the gene is believed to be the key factor in sex differentiation in mammals and is conserved across mammalian species. we report herein that the sry/sry gene has been assigned to p12-p13 on the short arm of the y chromosome in pig by in situ hybridization. the result confirms intersp ...	1993	8239073
vasoactivity of isolated coronary arterial microvessels: influence of albumin.	previous investigators have reported the development of spontaneous tone, a spontaneous decrease in diameter in response to application of intraluminal pressure, in isolated microvessels bathed in physiological salt solution (pss) containing albumin. in contrast, myogenic activity and spontaneous tone are rare in microvessels bathed in albumin-free pss. the purpose of this study was to determine whether albumin and/or the development of spontaneous tone altered coronary microvessel responsivenes ...	1993	8246812
laparoscopic small bowel resection and anastomosis.	our aim was to assess the feasibility and safety of performing totally intracorporeal laparoscopic small bowel resection and anastomosis using a linear stapling device. laparoscopic small bowel resection and anastomosis were performed in five young domestic pigs. five trocars were used (2-5 mm, 2-11 mm, and 1-12 mm) for video laparoscopic access to the peritoneal cavity. segments of jejunum 5 to 10 cm long were excised using two firings of a 30-mm linear stapler (endo-gia). the bowel was anastom ...	1993	8258075
international trade in bear gall bladders: forensic source inference.	fresh and desiccated gall bladders of the ursidae family (bears) obtained as criminal evidence were characterized by analysis of the principal biliary components, mainly ursodeoxycholyl-taurine, cholyl-taurine and chenodeoxycholyl-taurine using tlc and hplc. this bile acids profile appears to be an ursidae family characteristic. results show that of the samples from asia only 3% were from the ursidae family and 18% were from "farmed bears." samples seized in the u.s.a. and canada showed that 22. ...	1993	8263479
retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy: an experimental study.	laparoscopic approaches to adrenalectomy have been limited by the retroperitoneal (rp) location of the adrenal glands and their relative inaccessibility transabdominally. we developed a technique for endoscopic adrenalectomy in a domestic swine model using insufflation of the rp space with co2 and retroperitoneoscopy. the technique for retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy was first developed in an acute study of three animals. a chronic survival study was then undertaken in six pigs. unilate ...	1993	8269248
mustard oil-induced cutaneous inflammation in the pig.	recent findings indicate that chemical stimulation of the porcine skin with capsaicin evokes a flare response similar to that observed in man. the aim of the present study was to elucidate whether chemical stimulation of cutaneous capsaicin-sensitive nerve endings with mustard oil produces neurogenic inflammatory reactions in the pig. the application of mustard oil onto the abdominal skin of domestic pigs resulted in a pronounced flare response. after a previous intravenous injection of a soluti ...	1993	8285137
[fetometry in domesticated swine].		1993	8172779
screening of pig sera for antibodies to japanese encephalitis virus using a dot enzyme immunoassay and igm capture elisa: comparison with the hemagglutination inhibition and plaque reduction neutralization tests.	a dot enzyme immunoassay for determination of antibodies to japanese encephalitis virus was designed for use as a field technique for the surveillance of japanese encephalitis virus activity among domestic pigs. the test was compared with the neutralization test and the hemagglutination inhibition test and found to be more sensitive than the hemagglutination inhibition test and comparable to the neutralization test in sensitivity but more simple to perform than either the neutralization or the h ...	1993	8160055
seasonal effects on fertility in gilts and sows.	the ancestral wild pig is a short day length seasonal breeder. the domestic pig appears to have retained some of this seasonality as evidenced by a reduction in fertility during the summer-autumn period. the most important aspect of this seasonality is a reduction in the number of mated sows that farrow. many of these sows conceive and embryos develop normally for 20-25 days before pregnancy is terminated and the sow returns to oestrus (25-35 days after mating). in other species, transduction of ...	1993	8145204
nuclear control of early embryonic development in domestic pigs.	in mammals, growing oocytes have characteristically high levels of rna synthesis. after the initiation of meiosis, that is germinal vesicle breakdown, this rna synthesis ceases. although there is limited evidence for rna synthesis by the zygote, significant amounts of rna synthesis do not occur until a species-specific cell stage. in pigs, significant amounts of mrna synthesis cannot be detected before the four-cell stage. there appear to be three qualitatively different periods of transcription ...	1993	7511691
mechanisms of distamycin a/dapi chromosome staining. i. competition binding effects of nonintercalative dna groove-binding agents in situ and in vitro.	the molecular mechanism underlying distamycin a-induced differential dapi fluorescent staining of metaphase chromosomes was studied in sus scrofa domestica both cytologically, using, besides dapi, two isomeric derivatives of dapi (d288.45 and d288.48), and molecularly, by in vitro competitive-binding studies using s. scrofa satellite dna and synthetic dna polymers. significant differences in heterochromatin staining were observed between d288.45 and d288.48. distinct distamycin a/dapi bands were ...	1993	7678548
preretinal and optic nerve head neovascularization induced by photodynamic venous thrombosis in domestic pigs.	to develop a reliable model of ischemic preretinal and optic nerve head neovascularization in young male domestic pigs.	1993	7682408
cholecystokinin-, enkephalin-, and substance p-like immunoreactivity in the dentate area, hippocampus, and subiculum of the domestic pig.	the distribution of cholecystokinin-like, enkephalin-like, and substance p-like immunoreactivities is described in the dentate area, hippocampus, and subiculum of the domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) as a baseline for future experimental studies. the distributions in the pig are compared with previous observations in other species. cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were intensely stained and present in large numbers in all subfields studied. cholecystokinin-like immunorea ...	1993	7685777
isoenzymatic pattern and structure of glutamate dehydrogenase from ascaris suum.	the isoenzymatic pattern of glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) has been described for ascaris suum a parasite of sus scrofa domestica. only one band of activity has been revealed, suggesting a monomorphic condition for this enzyme. also, the structure of gdh has been assayed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and silver staining. only one subunit was present with a molecular weight of about 55,000. a hexameric structure for gdh of a. suum is suggested.	1992	1293199
ontogenetic changes in porcine adrenocortical adrenocorticotropic hormone receptors.	1. binding of [125i]acth(1-38) analog to adrenal receptors was measured in fetal pigs (sus domesticus) at 15-day intervals from midpregnancy (60 days) to near term (105 days; pregnancy length 114 days). 2. binding was greatest at day 60 (0.42 +/- 0.03 fmol/200 micrograms protein or 0.50 +/- 0.08 fmol/50 micrograms dna), and least at day 105 (0.13 +/- 0.03 fmol/200 micrograms protein or 0.16 +/- 0.04 fmol/50 micrograms dna). total adrenal binding was constant (0.61 +/- 0.02 fmol/paired adrenals). ...	1992	1316295
somatostatin- and neuropeptide y-like immunoreactivity in the dentate area, hippocampus, and subiculum of the domestic pig.	with the principal aim of providing baseline observations for future experimental studies, the distribution of somatostatin-like and neuropeptide y-like immunoreactivities is described in the dentate area, hippocampus, and subiculum of the domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) and compared with the distribution described in other mammals. intensely stained somatostatin-like immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were present throughout the region, with highest densities in the dentate hilus, stratum ra ...	1992	1355497
tyrosine hydroxylase and acetylcholinesterase in the domestic pig mesencephalon: an immunocytochemical and histochemical study.	the mesencephalon of the young domestic pig was studied by tyrosine hydroxylase (th) immunocytochemistry and acetylcholinesterase (ache) histochemistry with focus on the substantia nigra (sn), the ventral tegmental area (vta), and related areas. the purpose was to obtain information on the organization of the mesencephalic, th immunoreactive (th-i), and dopaminergic areas of the pig, in order to provide the necessary background for the possible use of the pig as an alternative large animal exper ...	1992	1355778
the gene for dominant white color in the pig is closely linked to alb and pdgrfra on chromosome 8.	white is a widespread coat color among domestic pig breeds and is controlled by an autosomal dominant gene i. the segregation of this gene was analyzed in a reference pedigree for gene mapping developed by crossing the european wild pig and a large white domestic breed. the gene for dominant white color was shown to be closely linked to the genes for albumin (alb) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (pdgfra) on chromosome 8. an unexpected phenotype with patches of colored and white ...	1992	1362182
immunosuppressive macrolides of the type fk 506: a novel class of topical agents for treatment of skin diseases?	the immunosuppressive macrolide antibiotics fk 506 and rapamycin were tested for topical activity in experimental allergic contact dermatitis of farm pigs. this species was used because pig skin, in comparison to rodent skin, resembles human skin more closely. for comparison, cyclosporine a (cya), which is orally but not topically active in patients with skin disease, dexamethasone, and clobetasol propionate were used. treatment was performed twice, 30 min and 6 h after elicitation of challenge ...	1992	1375617
intramural methotrexate therapy for the prevention of neointimal thickening after balloon angioplasty.	the study was performed to test the hypothesis that high local, intramural concentrations of antineoplastic agents at the site of balloon injury inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation without systemic toxicity.	1992	1386089
characterization and pathogenicity for pigs of a hog cholera virus strain isolated from wild boars.	one hog cholera virus strain isolated from an outbreak of the disease in a wild boar breeding herd in brittany (france) in 1990 has been characterized with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to hog cholera virus and ruminant pestiviruses: the strain was found to be indistinguishable from that of other domestic pig isolates. the pathogenicity of the strain to domestic pigs was evaluated by infecting intranasally, intramuscularly and by contact 17 specific pathogen-free 6-week- and 12-week-old pigs. ...	1992	1387299
effect of intra-abdominal pressure on abdominal wall blood flow.	adverse effects of increased intra-abdominal pressure (iap) on cardiac, pulmonary, and renal function have been well described. abdominal wound healing complications seen in the massively injured patient may also be associated with iap. the effects of iap on abdominal wall blood flow, however, have not been documented. this study examines rectus sheath (rs) blood flow in a porcine model of increased iap. seven domestic swine were anesthetized with pentobarbital and maintained with isoflurane. sw ...	1992	1388005
the influence of intensive hyperbaric oxygen therapy on skin flap survival in a swine model.	conflicting reports exist regarding the influence of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on random skin flap survival. the present investigation sought to demonstrate enhanced survival of experimental random skin flaps in swine using an intensive and tapering hyperbaric oxygen therapy regimen that would have direct application in human clinical trials. random cutaneous flaps were surgically constructed on 12 domestic pigs. flaps were designed to obtain a predictable length of necrosis. six pigs did not un ...	1992	1389055
a chromosome 1-specific dna library from the domestic pig (sus scrofa domestica).	chromosomes were prepared from lymphocytes of a male domestic pig and flow-sorted on a dual-laser facs. twenty spots were observed, corresponding to the known pig karyotype of 18 pairs of autosomes plus the x and y. dna was isolated from 10,000 copies of the presumed chromosome 1 spot, restricted with sau3a, ligated into the vector pgem4z, and pcr amplified using universal primers; the products were then re-ligated into puc18. after transformation into escherichia coli, 210,000 independent colon ...	1992	1395721
the gene map of the pig (sus scrofa domestica l.): a review.	a review of the present status of the porcine gene map is given with references. a total of 84 loci have now been studied, and genes have been assigned to 17 chromosomes. among them, six chromosomes are defined by only one marker. no loci have been attributed yet to three chromosomes.	1992	1395726
percutaneous obliteration of the cystic duct with a holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser: results of in vitro and animal experiments.	the purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser to permanently occlude the cystic duct in order to isolate the gallbladder from the biliary-enteric circulation and prevent gallstone formation.	1992	1414812
the transovarial transmission of babesia trautmanni by rhipicephalus simus to domestic pigs.	rhipicephalus simus was, for the first time, experimentally proven to be a transovarial vector of babesia trautmanni of domestic pigs. the nymphal and adult progeny of experimentally infected female ticks transmitted the infection to 2 susceptible splenectomized pigs. features of the infection included a prepatent period of 6-8 days post-tick infestation, a febrile reaction for 3 days and a maximum parasitaemia score of 15 (more than 6 parasites per 300 red blood cells). other clinical signs in ...	1992	1437025
extracorporeal circulation as an alternative to open-chest cardiac compression for cardiac resuscitation.	open-chest direct cardiac compression represents a more potent but highly invasive option for cardiac resuscitation when conventional techniques of closed-chest cardiac resuscitation fail after prolonged cardiac arrest. we postulated that venoarterial extracorporeal circulation might be a more effective intervention with less trauma. in the setting of human cardiac resuscitation, however, controlled studies would be limited by strategic constraints. accordingly, the effectiveness of open-chest c ...	1992	1446500
acute and chronic morphine administration in swine.	functional responses to acute and chronic morphine administration in domestic swine were examined and correlated with pharmacokinetic profiles. acute effects of morphine sulfate were monitored in pigs for 24 h and the chronic actions of morphine alkaloid were monitored for 21 days. serum morphine levels, nociception, locomotor activity, respiratory rate, body temperature, and body weight were monitored during all studies. to assess nociception in a large laboratory animal, a portable thermal sti ...	1992	1448475
intracellular axonemes within ciliated cells in the tracheal epithelium of domestic pigs.	extended aggregates of intracellular axonemal derivatives can be seen within the apical cytoplasm of ciliated cells of apparently healthy domestic pigs. such alterations were observed in 15 out of 20 animals. complete (9 + 2) or incomplete (8 + 2 - 5 + 2) intracellular axonemes were found which sometimes arose from mature, irregularly arranged kinetosomes. in addition, bundles of single microtubules and microtubular pairs were found. in previous investigations on the ciliated epithelium of diffe ...	1992	1452480
does a single bout of exercise cause adaptation of amino acid metabolism in pigs?	amino acid responses to exercise stress in well-trained racehorses and human athletes are well characterised, but the knowledge of amino acid metabolism during and after exercise in inactive animal species is limited. to study this, plasma amino acid concentrations were measured in previously unexercised pigs which performed two exercise tests on a treadmill with an interval of one week. in general, the changes in amino acids were more pronounced after the second than after the first exercise bo ...	1992	1465506
bite-force development, metabolic and circulatory response to electrical stimulation in the canine and porcine masseter muscles.	the development of fatigue was investigated by electrical stimulation in 15 domestic pigs (1 yr old, 70-90 kg body weight) and seven adult dogs (3 yr old, 45 kg body weight). after anaesthesia, silver electrodes were implanted in the anterior and posterior parts of the right masseter muscles. the contralateral muscle was used as control. the bite force was measured. muscle biopsies were obtained from the anterior, central and posterior parts, and were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. a flu ...	1992	1471960
seasonal abundance of lutzomyia shannoni (diptera: psychodidae) on ossabaw island, georgia.	population dynamics of lutzomyia shannoni were monitored from april 1986 through december 1987 on ossabaw island, ga. most (99%) of the 19,788 adult sand flies were collected in light traps supplemented with dry ice; less than or equal to 1% were aspirated from diurnal resting sites. adult sand flies first appeared in april and were followed by peaks of abundance during may 1986, and may and july 1987. numbers of adults captured fell rapidly in october and november 1986 and in september and octo ...	1992	1495026
numerical variation of nucleolar organizer regions after silver staining in domestic and wild suidae (mammalia).	selective silver staining was used to investigate the cellular distribution of numbers of nucleolar organizer regions (nors) in domestic pigs (sus scrofa) of eight different breeds, the european wild boar (s. scrofa scrofa), indonesian wild boar (s. scrofa vittatus), javan warty pig (s. verrucosus), sulawesi warty pig (s. celebensis), and pigmy hog (s. salvanius). in the domestic pig as well as in the wild (sub)species of sus, actively transcribing ribosomal rna genes were found to be present in ...	1992	1503258
ex vivo investigation of blood monocyte and platelet behaviour in pigs maintained on an atherogenic diet.	domestic pigs aged 4 months were fed for 16 weeks an atherogenic diet rich in cholesterol and saturated fatty acid. the increase of plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels was found to be accompanied by a significant increase in the number of blood monocytes and platelets when compared to control animals. furthermore, the atherogenic diet produced a small but significant reduction in the blood monocyte phagocytic capacity and adhesion to plastic surface. no significant differences between ...	1992	1504579
right heart function during prosthetic left ventricular assistance in a porcine model of congestive heart failure.	a left ventricular assist device was used to produce a 90% reduction in peak systolic left ventricular pressure in pigs with congestive heart failure, and the resultant effects on right ventricular function were determined. initially, eight farm pigs underwent rapid ventricular pacing at 230 beats/min for 7 days to produce congestive heart failure. when compared with an independent series of normal pigs, cardiac output in the paced animals was 33.3% less (2.2 +/- 0.2 versus 3.3 +/- 0.5 l/min; p ...	1992	1513147
[reconstruction-plasty of iatrogenic choledochal stenoses using human pericardium. an experimental study in the domestic pig].	the effect of human pericardial patch plastic for reconstruction of iatrogenic common bile duct stenosis was investigated in experiments performed in pigs. all patches (n = 8) were overgrown with immature biliary epithelium detectable on light and electron microscopy within 6 weeks. no restenosis nor any fistula developed during this observation period. liver function tests, especially bilirubin, were not suitable parameters for the detection of biliary obstruction (preoperative value 0.38 +/- 0 ...	1992	1514292
blockade of protein c activation reduces microvascular surgical blood loss.	protein c is a natural anticoagulant glycoprotein which prevents intravascular clot formation. protein c functions as an anticoagulant when converted to an active serine protease (activated protein c). activated protein c is formed at the site of the endothelial injury in response to blood clotting and helps limit the size of blood clots. we tested the hypothesis that by temporarily blocking the activation of intrinsic protein c, we could reduce subsequent surgical blood loss from a microvascula ...	1992	1528031
[a 2-year study of the incidence of campylobacteriasis in the district of liptovský mikulás].	the authors investigated the incidence of campylobacteriosis in the population of the district during 1989-1990. during the above period by cultivation 723 cases of the disease were confirmed, i.e. the incidence in 1989 was 319, the number of cases 428, in 1990 the corresponding figures were 220 and 295. the incidence of campylobacteriosis is significantly higher than that of other investigated bacterial diseases. the authors did not find a significant difference in the incidence of campylobacte ...	1992	1534519
[the demonstration of cellular reactions in the temporomandibular condylar cartilage by nmr microscopy. the basic research for high-resolution nmr tomography of the temporomandibular joint].	the regional resolution of modern imaging methods is not good enough to clinically objectify changes to the cartilage of the temporomandibular joint, for example in functional orthodontic treatment. nmr microscopic studies of an intact temporomandibular joint preparation were done experimentally in the domestic pig on the basis of 1h-nmr relaxometric measurements in specimens of condylar cartilage. we succeeded in representing the cartilage of the temporomandibular joint down to the cellular lev ...	1992	1551628
[the growth reaction of the temporomandibular cartilage to biomechanical stimuli and its significance for functional orthodontics--the results of experimental animal and biophysical research].	adaptive changes in the condylar cartilage of the temporomandibular joint resulting from an experimentally induced lateral occlusal disturbance, were examined in ten juvenile domestic pigs. for the first time, in addition to histological methods for the objectification of changes in the matrix, biophysical methods such as 1h-nmr spectroscopy, electrical impedance spectroscopy and the measurement of mechanically induced potentials were used. changes in the water-binding behavior of the matrix of ...	1992	1551629
[is feeding of green silage in areas with hog cholera in wild boar a danger for domestic swine herds? experimental study].	in an experimental study we tested the survival of hog cholera virus (hcv) contained in pieces of muscular tissue and organs from experimentally infected swine after incubation in silage. in big (diameter greater than 20 cm) muscular pieces hcv survived even in excellent mineral acid silage (ph 3.8-4.0) after a storage of 5 months. on the other hand in smaller parts (musculature tissue, organs less than 20 cm diameter) we never found virulent hcv after 3 months of incubation. independent of the ...	1992	1575668
natural infections of asian taenia saginata metacestodes in the livers of korean domestic pigs.	the taenia species in east asia, hitherto identified as taenia saginata, has been recognized as differing from the classical descriptions of life cycles and was recently named taenia saginata taiwanensis (tentatively until 1992). major differences between t. saginata and the newly recognized asian t. saginata are their intermediate hosts and the infected tissues. asian t. saginata metacestodes are found in the livers of pigs rather than in the muscles of cattle. in this study, we observed the na ...	1992	1576109
experimental human infection with asian taenia saginata metacestodes obtained from naturally infected korean domestic pigs.	the infectivity of metacestodes of asian taenia saginata, now tentatively called taenia saginata taiwanensis, in human host was confirmed. the metacestodes used in experimental infection were collected from the livers of naturally infected domestic pigs at an abattoir in cheongju city, korea. the first gravid proglottid was spontaneously discharged 76 days after infection. two worms were recovered two years later by chemotherapy. the scolex was unarmed. the number of main uterine branches, varyi ...	1992	1576110
abnormalities in the regulation of blood platelet free cytosolic calcium in malignant hyperthermia. ii. pig platelets.	since 1966 the domestic pig has served as the animal model in malignant hyperthermia (mh) research [1]. the use of genetically well-defined pigs rendered it possible to test the method for diagnosing mh-susceptibility of patients presented in the preceding paper. thus, the effect of halothane on intracellular calcium movements was studied in quin-2- and chlorotetracycline-loaded pig platelets. in 'ca(2+)-free' suspensions the resting level of free cytosolic ca2+ was about 60 nm. in contrast to t ...	1992	1576636
distribution of vasopressin and oxytocin cells and fibres in the hypothalamus of the domestic pig (sus scrofa).	the distribution of vasopressin and oxytocin cells and fibres was studied in the pig hypothalamus by means of monoclonal antibodies, in order to prevent the non-specific staining that is characteristic for the pig. the nucleus circularis is described for the first time in the pig hypothalamus and consists of both oxytocin and vasopressin containing cell bodies. a cell group, characteristic for the pig and horse, lateral and caudal from the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, was found to be ...	1992	1583158
alanine, glutamate, and ammonia exchanges in acutely ischemic swine myocardium.	coronary artery disease causes an increase in glutamate uptake and alanine output by the heart. we assessed the effects of acute myocardial ischemia on alanine and glutamate exchange and ammonia production in 10 anesthetized open-chest domestic swine (46.9 +/- 0.7 kg). coronary blood flow was controlled through an extracorporal perfusion circuit. after a nonischemic control period (aerobic) the blood flow in the left anterior descending coronary artery was reduced by 60%. arterial and anterior i ...	1992	1590740
helminth parasites of wild boar, sus scrofa, in iran.	fifty-seven wild boars (sus scrofa) from protected regions of iran were examined for helminths. sixteen species of helminths were collected; there were ten nematodes, one acanthocephalan, two trematodes and three larval cestodes. new host and distribution records were established for all helminths except of taenia solium cysticerci. wild boar shared nine of these helminths with domestic pigs, six with ruminants and three with human beings in iran. metastrongylus pudendotectus and m. salmi are re ...	1992	1602589
occlusion of the pig superior sagittal sinus, bridging and cortical veins: multistep evolution of sinus-vein thrombosis.	cerebral sinus-vein thrombosis may lead to severe hemodynamic changes, elevated intracranial pressure (icp), and brain edema. it is supposed that progression of the thrombus from the sinus into bridging and cortical veins plays a key role in the development of these pathophysiological changes, but this hypothesis lacks experimental proof. the aim of this study, using a novel animal model of sinus-vein thrombosis, was to evaluate the effects of a standardized occlusion of the superior sagittal si ...	1992	1607953
pandemic influenza: a zoonosis?	in the last two decades, influenza a viruses have been found to occur throughout the animal kingdom, mainly in birds, notably aquatic ones, in which infection is largely intestinal, waterborne, and asymptomatic. the domestic duck of southern china, raised in countless numbers all year round mainly as an adjunct to rice farming, is the principal host of influenza a viruses. studies based on hong kong h3n2 viruses from southern china suggest that pandemic strains originate from the domestic duck t ...	1992	1609163
cloning and characterization of highly polymorphic porcine microsatellites.	a size-fractionated (200-400 bp) porcine genomic library was screened with the dinucleotide motifs (tg)n and (tc)n. the number of tg- and tc-positive clones was 83 and four, respectively, implying that the former motif is more frequent in the porcine genome, as previously reported in other species. twenty-six tg-clones were sequenced, and the number of repeats varied between 16 and 42 with different compositions of the repetitive sequences; 17 clones had a perfect stretch of tg-repeats, four had ...	1992	1624765
evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of trichinellosis in swine.	experimental and field trials were conducted to evaluate an elisa for its ability to detect trichinella-infected domestic swine and to compare elisa results with muscle-digestion test results. the elisa used was a commercial double-antibody kit, containing an excretory-secretory antigen, and was evaluated principally for epidemiologic use. experimentally induced infection in swine (4 groups of 3 pigs each; inoculated with 0, 50, 500 or 5,000 larvae) was detected as early as postinoculation week ...	1992	1626777
biological characterization of trichinella isolates from various host species and geographical regions.	forty isolates of trichinella collected from 5 continents were compared for 7 biological characters: newborn larvae produced per female worm cultured in vitro at the seventh, eighth, and ninth day postinfection, host muscle nurse cell development time, reproductive capacity index in rats and chickens, and resistance of muscle larvae to freezing. the isolates also were compared by analyses of an environmental character of the location from which they were isolated: the isotherms for january and j ...	1992	1635023
taxonomic revision of the genus trichinella.	the analysis of genetic, biochemical, and biological data on about 300 trichinella isolates, reported in the literature, allows a taxonomic revision of this genus. we propose the recognition of 5 sibling species, trichinella spiralis (owen, 1835) sensu stricto; trichinella nativa britov and boev, 1972; trichinella pseudospiralis garkavi, 1972; trichinella nelsoni britov and boev, 1972 sensu stricto; and trichinella britovi n. sp., on the basis of biochemical and biological characteristics. trich ...	1992	1635024
physical examination of swine.	swine may be examined to evaluate a disease state or a lowered economic performance or as a herd health consultation. as much of the examination as possible should be performed without handling the animal. a thorough history, evaluation of herd records, environmental examination, and herd examination should be performed prior to the evaluation of an individual animal. all necessary equipment should be available when starting the individual examination. the animals is then restrained and examined ...	1992	1643555
effects of high arterial oxygen tension on function, blood flow distribution, and metabolism in ischemic myocardium.	although oxygen inhalation therapy has long been used in the treatment of acute myocardial ischemia, experimental evidence that increased arterial po2 has any beneficial effect in the absence of hypoxemia is equivocal. in this study, we used a swine model of subendocardial myocardial ischemia to determine the effects of arterial hyperoxia on regional myocardial contractile function (sonomicrometry), myocardial blood flow distribution (microspheres), and regional myocardial glycolytic metabolism ...	1992	1735173
effects of atherogenic diet on young farm pigs.	this study was designed to assess the usefulness of young farm pigs as an experimental model for hypercholesterolemia. in order to test this, we investigated both serologic and electrocardiographic effects of atherogenic diet. four-week-old pigs were fed an atherogenic diet for 8 weeks. no arrhythmia was observed on ecg in all animals. there were no significant difference between control and atherogenic diet group on the values of ecg parameters. however, plasma lipids values of atherogenic diet ...	1992	1740169
pheromonal transmission of an aversive experience in domestic pig.	the process of spontaneous learning in an automatic food dispenser by a group of domestic female pigs was studied when one of the animals of the group had an aversive experience. restraining a gilt in the dispenser without access to food resulted in later avoidance of the system by other gilts, especially when the reactions of the restrained animal had been especially violent and associated with urination. the hypothesis of a delayed transmission of an unpleasant experience was tested. the food ...	1992	24254286
toxicity of valproic acid in liver slices from sprague-dawley rats and domestic pigs.	the reason for sensitivity to valproic acid (vpa) hepatotoxicity in humans is not known and requires further investigation. we investigated two in vitro animal models that might represent the unpredictably sensitive and the predictably non-sensitive populations of patients. vpa-induced hepatotoxicity was evaluated in vitro using precision-cut liver slices prepared from adult sprague-dawley rats and 4-wk-old domestic pigs. protein synthesis, k(+) retention and cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase leak ...	1991	20732016
electron microscopical demonstration of thiols and disulphides in the porcine epidermis.	this study describes the electron microscopical distribution of free thiols and disulphides in the epidermis of the domestic pig and the wild boar, as compared to light microscopical histochemistry. with the silver methenamine method, silver labelling of thiols was clearly achieved on the keratohyalin and cytofilament accumulations in the cells of the living epidermis and the plasma membrane of granular cells. to a certain extent, the envelope and cytoplasm of young corneocytes reacted equally i ...	1991	1743999
[two novel reciprocal translocations involving chromosome 6 in the domestic pig].	in the present study 2 new reciprocal translocations are described in two hypoprolific boars. the first one, a gascon/meishan boar, has produced a mean value of 7.37 +/- 0.69 piglets, vs 12.41 +/- 0.22 piglets per litter in contemporaries. the second one, a pietrain/large-white boar, has produced a mean of 5.42 +/- 0.69 vs 12.41 +/- 0.22 piglets per litter in contemporaries. each of these animals carries a new chromosome translocation involving chromosomes 6, 8 and 15, respectively. the first tr ...	1991	1746885
effect of carcass size on rate of decomposition and arthropod succession patterns.	decomposition studies were conducted using two carcasses of domestic pigs, sus scrofa l., 8.4 kg and 15.1 kg in weight, to determine the effects of carcass size on the rate of decomposition, composition of the arthropod fauna, and succession patterns. a total of 46 arthropod taxa were recovered during this study. no size-related differences were observed between carcasses with respect to composition of the arthropod fauna or patterns of succession. a greater number of arthropods were observed at ...	1991	1750396
natural history of 'deep dermal' burns in domestic pigs.		1991	1760120
prevalence of sarcocystis in domestic pigs in india.	muscle samples from 890 slaughtered pigs were examined for the presence of sarcocysts. a high prevalence rate of 67.98% was observed. two types of microsarcocysts were recorded. the sarcocyst wall of one type had redial striations and the other possessed hair-like villar protrusions. the species were identified as sarcocystis miescheriana and sarcocystis suihominis; there was a slightly higher incidence of the latter species (47.11%) than of the former (43.14%). s. suihominis has been identified ...	1991	1763484
the porcine pgd gene is preferentially lost from chromosome 6 in pig x rodent somatic cell hybrids.	the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (pgd) and glucose phosphate isomerase (gpi) genes are both located on chromosome 6 in the pig (sus scrofa domestica). nonetheless, the pgd gene was absent in a total of 17 gpi-positive cell lines found in three independently derived panels of pig x rodent somatic cell hybrids. in most of these cell lines we found an apparently normal pig chromosome 6 at cytogenetic analysis. these results suggest instability of the porcine pgd gene region in interspecies hybr ...	1991	1774184
glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase: isoenzymatic pattern in oesophagostomum venulosum, trichuris ovis and t. suis.	in the present communication we have studied the isoenzymatic pattern activity of the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) in oesophagostomum venulosum, trichuris ovis and t. suis, parasites of capra hircus (goat), ovis aries (sheep) and sus scrofa domestica (pig) respectively, by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. different phenotypes have been observed in the g6pd isoenzymatic pattern activity in males and females of oesophagostomum venulosum. furthermore, g6pd activity has been assayed i ...	1991	1795090
[the sensitive nerve endings of the clitoris of the sow (sus scrofa domesticus)].	neural receptors of the porcine clitoris were examined using light and electron microscopy. perfusion with ink allowed study of the unique vascular arrangement associated with the genital corpuscles. sensory nerve-endings were generally rounded and formed a morphologically and structurally characteristic unit. they were composed of a network of primarily non-myelinated nerve fibers and flat cells. between these structures, isolated small blood vessels were embedded amongst collagen fibers and am ...	1991	1796789
pharmacokinetic analysis of coronary sinus retroinfusion in pigs. ischemic myocardial concentrations in the left circumflex coronary arterial area using metoprolol as a tracer.	myocardial availability of drug, using metoprolol as a tracer, in acutely ischemic myocardium in the area of the left circumflex (lcx) coronary artery was compared following standard intravenous (iv) administration and after coronary sinus retroinfusion. seven open-chest farm pigs were subjected to a 21-minute occlusion of the lcx coronary artery. all animals received simultaneous iv tritium-labeled metoprolol (0.2 mg/kg) and unlabeled metoprolol (0.2 mg/kg) retrogradely into the coronary sinus. ...	1991	1801888
anatomy and function of the cruciate ligaments of the domestic pig (sus scrofa domestica): a comparison with human cruciates.	pig cruciate ligaments were dissected and examined radiologically to evaluate their function. the variations in distance between the origin and insertion of the fibre bundles were measured in different joint positions; the maximal decrease in distance amounted to 50% in the anterior (acl) and 30% in the posterior cruciate ligament (pcl). the acl consists of 2 morphologically distinct portions. most of its fibres are found to be taut in extension. its posterolateral portion contains a 'guiding bu ...	1991	1810918
normal anatomy of the aqueous humour outflow system in the domestic pig eye.	the normal functional anatomy of the aqueous humour outflow pathways in the domestic pig is poorly documented in the literature despite its being readily available and of a similar size to the human eye. anterior segment tissue from 12 pig eyes was appropriately fixed and investigated by light microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. the configuration of the iridocorneal angle tissues is similar to other nonprimate mammals in several respects, i.e. it possesses a deep cilia ...	1991	1810936
[the use of the measurement for the electrical resistance in order to standardize experimental cavities].	for histological examination of the pulp responses to dental materials vital teeth are needed with an expected thickness of the cavity floor between 0.2 and 1.0 mm (din 13,930). in order to control the thickness of the cavity floor we used a method based on the measurement of the electrical resistance of the dentine layer, as previously described. the obtained results by evaluation the thickness of the floor of class v cavities, using the domestic pig as a model, indicate the accuracy of our met ...	1991	1816831
ultrastructural identification of langerhans cells in normal swine epidermis.	langerhans cells of the epidermis of 6-month-old white crossbred farm pigs were identified by electron microscopy. ultrastructurally they were similar to those described in other mammals. they were present in basal and suprabasal layers and were characterised by a lobulated nucleus and an electrolucent cytoplasm with occasional dendritic processes, and the absence of tonofilaments and specialised unions with surrounding keratinocytes. they were specifically identified by the presence of characte ...	1991	1817140
cardiovascular effects of platelet-activating factor.	sudden release of platelet-activating factor (paf) into the circulation can cause hypotension, tachycardia, and circulatory collapse. to further examine this response, we performed detailed studies of cardiovascular function after paf administration to young domestic pigs and newborn piglets. our results indicate that circulatory dysfunction after paf reflects severe constriction of pulmonary resistance vessels and consequent acute right ventricular failure. although paf-induced coronary artery ...	1991	1819712
[the pig--an experimental model for transplantation of isolated islets pancreatic islets].	the authors present results of autotransplantation of the islets of langerhans of the pancreas in pigs and miniature pigs ("troll"). diabetes was induced by total pancreatomy. from the removed pancreas the islets of langerhans were separated by the method of intraductal perfusion with collagenase and implanted into the spleen or liver via the portal vein. the mortality on operation in pigs was 33%, in miniature pigs 20%. in domestic pigs normal blood sugar levels were achieved in 25% after impla ...	1991	1821478
asian taenia saginata: species or strain?	asian taenia has a special epidemiological pattern. many people eat raw and/or undercooked pork and pig viscera more often than that of cattle and acquire a t. saginata-like tapeworm infection. the pig has been found to be the most favorable laboratory intermediate host for four geographical strains of asian taenia. numerous pinpoint cysticerci have been found in naturally infected livers of one wild boar and six domestic pigs in taiwan. it is likely that pigs are the natural intermediate host o ...	1991	1822898
evaluation of intraosseous vs intravenous antibiotic levels in a porcine model.	to compare intraosseous vs intravenous routes of administration and their effects on serum levels of four antibiotics in an animal model.	1991	1858734
histochemical demonstration of zinc in the hippocampal region of the domestic pig: iii. the dentate area.	the distribution of zinc was described in the dentate area, a part of the hippocampal region, of the domestic pig. a modification of timm's sulphide silver procedure, the neo-timm method, was used for the histochemical demonstration of zinc. the staining of the dentate area exhibited a well-defined stratified pattern, the predominant part of the staining being restricted to the neuropil, although weakly stained nerve cell bodies were observed in the hilus fasciae dentatae. in the molecular layer ...	1991	1865008
ciclopiroxolamine cream 1%: in vitro and in vivo penetration into the stratum corneum.	studies were conducted to assess the penetration of 1% ciclopiroxolamine cream, establishing the concentrations of the antimycotic compound in different layers of the stratum corneum with two skin models. results of in vitro studies using skin from domestic pigs indicate that ciclopiroxolamine has the ability to penetrate fast into the epidermis, by inhibiting and killing inoculated trichophyton mentagrophytes. in vivo investigation of the stratum corneum has been performed in healthy human volu ...	1991	1878248
rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of 3-methylindole (skatole) in faeces of various species.	a rapid method for the determination of skatole (3-methylindole) in faeces by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography is described. samples of 0.5 g were extracted with 2 ml of methanol. the extract was purified on amberlite xad-8. the lower limit of detection was 2.5 ng per injection (0.2 microgram/g faeces). the mean recovery of skatole was 95%, and the mean coefficients of variation were 7.0% (intra-assay) and 11.8% (inter-assay). skatole concentrations were clearly lower in fae ...	1991	1885705
[high resolution chromosome g-banding pattern of domestic pig of china].	lising methotrexate or thymidine treatment to induce synchronous division, combined with gtg technique, the high resolution banded chromosomes of seven domestic pig breeds of china were investigated. no distinct difference was found among then. hence, in line with the international system for human cytogenetic nomenclature, a standard idiogram of high resolution g-banded karyotype of domestic pig is suggested in this paper. in the idiogrammatic presentation of g-banding pattern, all the regions ...	1991	1888527
immediate dressing of the burn wound--will it change its natural history?	thirty deep dermal burns were inflicted on six domestic pigs. on the treated animals, the epidermis was removed and immediately replaced with omiderm, xeroform or mettalin dressings. burns in which the blister was left intact or not dressed after epidermis removal, served as controls. macroscopic and microscopic assessment of the healing process was then carried out. surprisingly, the no-epidermis controls healed somewhat faster than did the untreated controls (those with blister intact). on day ...	1991	1892559
comparison of 99mtc-teboroxime with thallium for myocardial imaging in the presence of a coronary artery stenosis.	this study tested the hypotheses in the setting of a coronary artery stenosis that 1) planar 99mtc-teboroxime myocardial scans are capable of providing a good estimate of relative coronary flow reserve, and 2) delayed washout of the tracer from the myocardium is a marker of reduced myocardial blood flow and, in certain cases, myocardial ischemia.	1991	1914115
buffer solutions may compromise cardiac resuscitation by reducing coronary perfusion presssure.	--to investigate the effects of hypertonic buffer solutions on coronary perfusion pressure (cpp) and resuscitability during experimental closed-chest cardiac resuscitation.	1991	1920701
plasma cocaine and tetracaine levels following application of topical anesthesia in a swine laceration model.	standard tac (0.5% tetracaine, 0.05% epinephrine, and 11.8% cocaine) solution is finding increased use as a topical anesthetic for lacerations. the extent of systemic absorption of tac components and their resultant physiologic effects are unclear. absorption of cocaine or tetracaine may result in serious toxicity. the investigators hypothesized that there are no measurable plasma cocaine or tetracaine levels after application of tac in a swine laceration model. after an overnight fast 10 domest ...	1991	1930392
internal mammary artery use. sternal revascularization and experimental infection patterns.	we have described previously the acute sternal devascularization produced by mobilization of one or both internal mammary arteries (imas). the present experiments were conducted to examine the time course of sternal revascularization and infection patterns after ima use. twenty-four 8-week-old domestic pigs were obtained from a herd in which active streptococcus faecalis had been detected in recent litters. after control blood flow procedures (microspheres) were completed, each pig underwent a m ...	1991	1934421
in situ localization of transforming growth factor beta 1 in porcine heart: enhanced expression after chronic coronary artery constriction.	we investigated the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgf-beta 1), a polypeptide differentiation factor probably associated with angiogenic properties in chronically hypoperfused heart tissue. a slowly swelling ameroid constrictor was implanted around the coronary circumflex artery (cx) of young domestic pigs. two to three weeks after, significant cx stenosis of more than 90% and coronary collateralization could be demonstrated angiographically. the cx dependent experimental myoca ...	1991	1942095
[stomach emptying after stomach resection with and without retention of duodenal passage].	on domestic pigs 2/3 gastrectomies with retention and elimination of the duodenal passage were carried out. postprandial gastric emptying was measured scintigraphically for 4 h and compared with a control group (laparotomy only). for the semi-solid, 99mtc-labeled test meal delayed gastric emptying after elimination of the duodenal passage by roux reconstruction could not be shown. there was no difference in gastric emptying between b-i and roux-en-y partial gastrectomy. also alteration of the le ...	1991	1943409
epidemiologic study and control of taenia solium infections with praziquantel in a rural village of mexico.	this study reports the results of an epidemiologic survey for the detection of taenia solium in a rural village of 559 inhabitants in sinaloa, mexico, as well as a large scale treatment of the population with praziquantel. the study was carried out in two stages. in stage 1, serial stool analysis of 392 persons detected a cluster of three t. solium tapeworms. a fourth t. solium tapeworm was detected through a household census, giving a 1.32% prevalence rate for this helminth. over 70% of the pop ...	1991	1951862
ischemic preconditioning preserves creatine phosphate and intracellular ph.	ischemic preconditioning slows atp depletion and ultrastructural damage during the final episode of ischemia. to define the influence of creatine phosphate (cp) and intracellular ph (phi) on this effect, cp and phi were serially measured in porcine hearts without collateral circulation by using 31p-nmr spectroscopy and ultrastructural examination.	1991	1959199
enhancement of re-epithelialization with topical zinc oxide in porcine partial-thickness wounds.	we investigated the effect of locally applied zinc on the healing of partial-thickness skin wounds in the domestic pig using two zinc compounds (zinc oxide and zinc sulfate) in two different vehicles (a gauze compress and a collagen sponge). the rate of re-epithelialization was determined morphometrically 48 and 64 hr after infliction of standardized square wounds (4.8 cm2 and 400-microns deep) with an electrokeratome. zinc oxide in gauze significantly (p less than 0.05) increased re-epitheliali ...	1991	1990212
growth of lung allografts after experimental transplantation.	heart and lung transplantation has been performed in cases of end-stage cardiopulmonary disease in infants. nevertheless, it still remains unclear whether lung allografts adjust to a growing organism. in 6 young domestic pigs unilateral left lung allotransplantation was performed. immunosuppression consisted of a triple drug therapy including cyclosporine, azathioprine, and corticosteroids. lung growth was studied by using bronchography, pulmonary angiography, and lung histology. after 11 weeks ...	1991	2011847
the transition from maternal to zygotic control of development occurs during the 4-cell stage in the domestic pig, sus scrofa: quantitative and qualitative aspects of protein synthesis.	a study was conducted to identify the embryonic stage when the zygotic genome begins to direct development and to characterize protein synthesis in pig oocytes and embryos. reproductive tracts of gilts were flushed to obtain unfertilized oocytes (ufo), zygotes (z), 2-, 4-, and 8-cell embryos, compact morulae (m), initial blastocysts (ib), blastocysts (b), and hatched blastocysts (hb). pig eggs and embryos were cultured in medium containing 1 microm l-[35s]methionine and evaluated for amino acid ...	1991	2015352
no eeg evidence of acute tolerance to desflurane in swine.	desflurane is a potent inhaled anesthetic associated with a dose-dependent depression of cortical electrical activity. recently, it has been suggested that the burst suppression pattern seen in dogs given moderately high doses (2.0 mac) of desflurane may spontaneously subside. this observation suggests the development of acute tolerance to at least some of the anesthetic effects of this drug. no other volatile anesthetic has been found to produce acute tolerance. we attempted to replicate these ...	1991	2021206
lung growth after experimental pulmonary transplantation.	replacement of the heart and both lungs or single lung transplantation has been performed in a few cases of terminal (cardio) pulmonary disease in childhood. it remains unclear whether pulmonary allografts will meet the demands of a growing organism. six domestic pigs (mean body weight, 24 kg) underwent left lung transplantation from donors of equal weight. immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporine, azathioprine, and corticosteroids. after the pigs doubled their body weight, growth of the lung ...	1991	2031927
origin of anterior interventricular vein blood in domestic swine.	this study tested the hypothesis that anterior interventricular vein effluent of domestic swine is composed primarily of blood draining the perfusion territory of the left anterior descending coronary artery. as a corollary, the extent to which circumflex and right coronary inflow contributes to anterior interventricular vein outflow also was determined. experiments were conducted in vitro with buffer-perfused swine hearts in which anterior interventricular vein flow was measured under various c ...	1991	2035692
[masticatory muscles of domestic sheep and swine in ontogenesis].	age changes of morphometrical parameters of the masticatory muscles have been analyzed in domestic sheep and pigs of white large breed in the following age groups: 2-, 3-, 4-month-old fetuses, newborns, 4-month-old lambs, 10-month-old pigs, 18-month-old lambs, mature she-sheep and brood-sows. uneven weight growth of the masticatory muscles in the sheep and pigs during the prenatal ontogenesis should be considered as a consequence of recapitulation of their phylogenesis, and in the postnatal onto ...	1991	2053870
contribution of the gastrointestinal tract to lorazepam conjugation and clonazepam nitroreduction.	domestic pigs received single intravenous and oral doses of lorazepam or clonazepam (1 mg/kg), benzodiazepine derivatives biotransformed by glucuronide conjugation and nitroreduction, respectively. blood samples were simultaneously drawn from portal venous and systemic venous sampling sites during 8 h after dosage. after intravenous dosage with either drug, the area under the serum concentration curve (auc) for the intact drug, as well as for the principal metabolites (lorazepam glucuronide and ...	1991	2057519
persistent reversal of diabetes by transplantation of fetal pig proislets into nude mice.	facing the limited availability of human adult and fetal pancreases, fetal pig proislets (pancreatic islet precursors) were investigated in view of several inherent advantages. six litters of fetuses of mean +/- se gestational age 75 +/- 3 days were obtained from commercially available farm pigs. pancreatic tissue was gently digested with collagenase, then a 10-day culture was performed. during culture, fetal proislets showed no insulin response to glucose alone but a significant response to glu ...	1991	2060721
cardiac resuscitation by extracorporeal circulation after failure of conventional cpr.	after cardiac arrest, return of cardiac function and effective circulation are contingent on prompt restoration of myocardial blood flow. because conventional closed-chest cpr has limited hemodynamic efficiency, we investigated venoarterial ecc utilizing peripheral vascular access as an alternative for cardiac resuscitation. ventricular fibrillation was induced in domestic pigs by alternating current delivered to the endocardium of the right ventricle. conventional closed-chest cpr was begun aft ...	1991	2066645