Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| integrating genes and phenotype: a wheat-arabidopsis-rice glycosyltransferase database for candidate gene analyses. | glycosyltransferases (gts) constitute a very large multi-gene superfamily, containing several thousand members identified in sequenced organisms especially in plants. gts are key enzymes involved in various biological processes such as cell wall formation, storage polysaccharides biosynthesis, and glycosylation of various metabolites. gts have been identified in rice (oryza sativa) and arabidopsis thaliana, but their precise function has been demonstrated biochemically for only a few. in this wo ... | 2009 | 19005709 |
| se(iv) phytotoxicity for monocotyledonae cereals (hordeum vulgare l., triticum aestivum l.) and dicotyledonae crops (sinapis alba l., brassica napus l.). | the phytotoxicity of se(iv) was determined through root and shoot growth inhibition, biomass (dry (dm), fresh (fm)) production, water content, photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids) levels and se accumulation in the roots and shoots. the sensitivities of monocotyledonae (hordeum vulgare, triticum aestivum) and dicotyledonae plants (sinapis alba, brassica napus) were also compared. except for h. vulgare, se(iv) inhibited root growth more than shoot growth. as for bi ... | 2009 | 19709809 |
| effects of canola-wheat intercrops on delia spp. (diptera: anthomyiidae) oviposition, larval feeding damage, and adult abundance. | reductions in oviposition and subsequent damage by root maggots (diptera: anthomyiidae, delia spp.) to brassicaceous crops in the presence of nonhost plants has been demonstrated, but such investigations have not been conducted using intercrops of species commonly grown in the large-scale agricultural production systems of western canada. a field experiment was conducted at three sites in alberta, canada, in 2005 and 2006 to determine interactions between root maggots and the various proportions ... | 2009 | 19253640 |
| genetic regulation of meiotic cross-overs between related genomes in brassica napus haploids and hybrids. | although the genetic regulation of recombination in allopolyploid species plays a pivotal role in evolution and plant breeding, it has received little recent attention, except in wheat (triticum aestivum). prbn is the main locus that determines the number of nonhomologous associations during meiosis of microspore cultured brassica napus haploids (ac; 19 chromosomes). in this study, we examined the role played by prbn in recombination. we generated two haploid x euploid populations using two b. n ... | 2009 | 19190241 |
| feeding behavior of russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotype 2 in response to wheat genotypes exhibiting antibiosis and tolerance resistance. | in this study, wheat, triticum aestivum l. (em thell), genotypes containing the dnx, dn7, dn6, and dn4 genes for resistance to the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), along with dn0, a susceptible control, were assessed to determine the categories of d. noxia biotype 2 (rwa2) resistance in each genotype and rwa2 feeding behaviors on dnx and dn0 plants by using the electronic penetration graph technique. at 14 d postinfestation, dn0 plants exhibited intense ch ... | 2009 | 19610450 |
| resistance to russian wheat aphid biotype 2 in cimmyt synthetic hexaploid wheat lines. | the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), devastates wheat and barley production on all continents except australia. although d. noxia-resistant cultivars exist, virulent d. noxia populations exist in asia, north america, and south america that have the ability to overcome resistance. in this study, synthetic hexaploid wheat genotypes created at the international maize and wheat improvement center (cimmyt) were evaluated and characterized for resistance to nort ... | 2009 | 19610446 |
| dissimilar molecular defense responses are elicited in triticum aestivum after infestation by different diuraphis noxia biotypes. | for sustainable solutions to the problem of insect infestation, the study of molecular plant-insect interactions is integral to resistance breeding strategies. this also holds true in the case of wheat (triticum aestivum), where the russian wheat aphid (diuraphis noxia, kurdjumov, rwa) is responsible for significant crop losses in most major wheat producing countries around the world. our study is focused on gaining a greater understanding of the resistance mechanisms activated by the rwa resist ... | 2009 | 19453509 |
| molecular cytogenetic and agronomic characterization of advanced generations of wheat x triticale hybrids resistant to diuraphis noxia (mordvilko): application of gish and microsatellite markers. | the pi 386148 triticale from russia is among the highest resistant line to the russian wheat aphid (rwa) (diuraphis noxia (mordvilko)). this triticale line was used as the male parent in crosses with lamar wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the f1 plants were backcrossed to lamar wheat. the progenies were tested for rwa biotype 1 reaction for at least eight backcross and selfing generations. five lines from these selections were identified for their resistance to the rwa and their seeds were increase ... | 2009 | 19370091 |
| impact of diuraphis noxia and rhopalosiphum padi (hemiptera: aphididae) on primary physiology of four near-isogenic wheat lines. | the impact of feeding injury by the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko) (hemiptera: aphididae), and bird cherry-oat aphid, rhopalosiphum padi (l.) (hemiptera: aphididae) on susceptible and resistant wheat, triticum aestivum l., near-isogenic lines 'tugela' (susceptible), tugela-dn1 (antibiotic), tugela-dn2 (tolerant), and tugela-dn5 (antixenotic) was evaluated by assessing photosynthetic parameters. photosynthesis and closely related parameters, pigment composition, and nonstructura ... | 2009 | 19253663 |
| characterization of the wheat endosperm transfer cell-specific protein tapr60. | the tapr60 gene from bread wheat encodes a small cysteine-rich protein with a hydrophobic signal peptide, predicted to direct the tapr60 protein to a secretory pathway. it was demonstrated by heterologous expression of recombinant tapr60 protein that the signal peptide is recognized and cleaved in yeast cells. the full-length gene including promoter sequence of a tapr60 orthologue was cloned from a bac library of triticum durum. a transcriptional promoter-gus fusion was stably transformed into w ... | 2009 | 19513805 |
| isolation and characterization of indole acetic acid (iaa) producing klebsiella pneumoniae strains from rhizosphere of wheat (triticum aestivum) and their effect on plant growth. | the present study was undertaken for isolation of klebsiella strains from rhizosphere of wheat (t. aestivum), screening and characterization of these strains for in vitro indole acetic acid (iaa) production and studying the effect of these strains on plant growth under gnotobiotic conditions. nine strains of klebsiella were isolated from rhizosphere of wheat (var. lokwan) and identified as k. pneumoniae by 16s rrna gene sequencing. six k. pneumoniae strains showed in vitro iaa production. colori ... | 2009 | 20329704 |
| antioxidative efficiency of triticum aestivum l. exposed to chromium stress. | wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv sonalika) seedlings were grown in presence of k2cr2o7 (10, 50 and 100 ppm) for 7 days and growth, total chlorophyll, activities of antioxidative enzymes like superoxide dismutase (sod; ec 1.15.1.1), catalase (cat; ec 1.11.1.6) and guaiacol peroxidase (pox; ec 1.11.1.7) and lipid peroxidation were determined in root and shoot tissues. growth of the seedlings was significantly (p < or = 0.05) depressed and at 100 ppm, root length was reduced by 63% and shoot length b ... | 2009 | 20120493 |
| aphid resistance in wheat varieties. | as an environmentally compatible alternative to the use of conventional insecticides to control cereal aphids, we have investigated the possibility to exploit natural resistance to insect pests in wheat varieties. we have tested a wide range of hexaploid (triticum aestivum), tetraploid (t. durum) and diploid (t. boeoticum and t. monococcum) wheat lines for resistance to the bird cherry oat aphid (rhopalosiphum padi). lines tested included russian wheat aphid (diuraphis noxia), greenbug (schizaph ... | 2009 | 20218532 |
| allelic variations of functional markers for polyphenol oxidase (ppo) genes in indian bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | 2009 | 20086299 | |
| evaluation of the genetic variability of homoeologous group 3 ssrs in bread wheat. | thorough characterization of the genetic variability in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is important for a better improvement of this key crop and to increase cereal yield in the context of sustainable agriculture to face human needs in the next decades. to study the genetic variability of ssrs on wheat homoeologous group 3 chromosomes, we characterized 38 hexaploid and two tetraploid wheat lines using a set of 165 microsatellites that we cytogenetically assigned to the 17 deletion bins for c ... | 2009 | 19938624 |
| identification of genes for resistance to a digitaria isolate of magnaporthe grisea in common wheat cultivars. | common wheat cultivars are resistant to magnaporthe grisea, a crabgrass (digitaria sanguinalis)-specific species of the blast fungus. to dissect the genetic basis of this "nonhost" type of resistance, we need an exceptional cultivar that is susceptible to m. grisea. a screening under various conditions revealed that triticum aestivum 'chinese spring' (cs) was susceptible to m. grisea isolate dig41 when incubated at high temperature (26 degrees c) after inoculation. by contrast, t. aestivum 'p168 ... | 2009 | 19935928 |
| generation and analysis of expression sequence tags from haustoria of the wheat stripe rust fungus puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. in spite of its agricultural importance, the genomics and genetics of the pathogen are poorly characterized. pst transcripts from urediniospores and germinated urediniospores have been examined previously, but little is known about genes expressed during host infection. some genes involved in virulence in other rust fungi have been found to be speci ... | 2009 | 20028560 |
| orthologs of the class a4 heat shock transcription factor hsfa4a confer cadmium tolerance in wheat and rice. | cadmium (cd) is a widespread soil pollutant; thus, the underlying molecular controls of plant cd tolerance are of substantial interest. a screen for wheat (triticum aestivum) genes that confer cd tolerance to a cd hypersensitive yeast strain identified heat shock transcription factor a4a (hsfa4a). ta hsfa4a is most similar to the class a4 hsfs from monocots. the most closely related rice (oryza sativa) homolog, os hsfa4a, conferred cd tolerance in yeast, as did ta hsfa4a, but the second most clo ... | 2009 | 20028842 |
| genetic behavior of controlling area under disease progress curve for stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in two wheat (triticum aestivum) crosses. | genetic effects on controlling resistance to stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici eriksson)were determined in two wheat crosses, bakhtawar-92 (b-92) x frontana and inqilab-91 x fakhre sarhad using area under the disease progress curve (audpc) as a measure of stripe rust resistance. the resistant and susceptible parents involved in developing genetic populations were identified by initial assessment of 45 wheat accessions for stripe rust reaction. mixed inheritance model was applied t ... | 2009 | 19821730 |
| wheat antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance to infestation by delphacodes kuscheli (hemiptera: delphacidae), a vector of "mal de río cuarto" in argentina. | "mal de rio cuarto", is the most important virus disease of corn, zea mays l., in argentina. it is caused by the mal de rio cuarto virus (family reoviridae, genus fijivirus. mrcv), which is a persistent virus transmitted by delphacodes kuscheli (fennah 1955) (hemiptera: delphacidae). because corn is not a natural host of d. kuscheli, it has little protection from this pest. in contrast, wheat, triticum aestivum l., is one of the main hosts of this vector and a reservoir of mrcv. the aim of this ... | 2009 | 19886444 |
| plant responses to seven russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotypes found in the united states. | the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), is a serious wheat, triticum aestivum l., and barley, hordeum vulgare l., pest throughout the small grain-producing areas in the western united states. the virulency and classification of recently described russian wheat aphid biotypes 1-7 (rwa1-7) were clarified using 24 plant differentials. these seven biotypes had been described previously using various methods and test environments; therefore, the purpose of this st ... | 2009 | 19886462 |
| effect of wheat forage maturity and preservation method on forage chemical composition and performance of growing calves fed mixed diets. | three 2.4-ha wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fields were used to test the effects of maturity at harvest (boot vs. dough) and preservation method (hay vs. silage) on forage yield, chemical composition, and animal performance when fed in mixed diets. forages were incorporated into 4 diets in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with hominy feed, soybean hulls, and cottonseed meal as the primary concentrate ingredients. in exp. 1 diets contained 20% wheat forage (dm basis) and were fed to 96 b ... | 2009 | 19717767 |
| involvement of s-adenosylmethionine-dependent halide/thiol methyltransferase (htmt) in methyl halide emissions from agricultural plants: isolation and characterization of an htmt-coding gene from raphanus sativus (daikon radish). | biogenic emissions of methyl halides (ch3cl, ch3br and ch3i) are the major source of these compounds in the atmosphere; however, there are few reports about the halide profiles and strengths of these emissions. halide ion methyltransferase (hmt) and halide/thiol methyltransferase (htmt) enzymes concerning these emissions have been purified and characterized from several organisms including marine algae, fungi, and higher plants; however, the correlation between emission profiles of methyl halide ... | 2009 | 19723322 |
| development of wheat-lophopyrum elongatum recombinant lines for enhanced sodium 'exclusion' during salinity stress. | lophopyrum elongatum (tall wheatgrass), a wild relative of wheat, can be used as a source of novel genes for improving salt tolerance of bread wheat. sodium 'exclusion' is a major physiological mechanism for salt tolerance in a wheat-tall wheatgrass amphiploid, and a large proportion ( approximately 50%) for reduced na(+) accumulation in the xag leaf, as compared to wheat, was earlier shown to be contributed by genetic effects from substitution of chromosome 3e from tall wheatgrass for wheat chr ... | 2009 | 19727655 |
| predicting stored grain insect population densities using an electronic probe trap. | manual sampling of insects in stored grain is a laborious and time-consuming process. automation of grain sampling should help to increase the adoption of stored grain integrated pest management. a new commercial electronic grain probe trap (opi insector) has recently been marketed. we field tested opi insector electronic grain probes in two bins, each containing 32.6 tonnes of wheat, triticum aestivum l., over a 2-yr period. we developed new statistical models to convert insector catch into ins ... | 2009 | 19736786 |
| molecular mapping of a stripe rust resistance gene in spring wheat cultivar zak. | stripe rust (yellow rust), caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. growing resistant cultivars is the best approach for control of the disease. although the stripe rust resistance in spring wheat cv. zak has been circumvented by a group of races of the pathogen predominant in the united states since 2000, the resistance genes in zak were unknown. to identify and map the genes for resistance to stripe ru ... | 2009 | 19740035 |
| [hydrogen peroxide production in wheat leaves infected with the fungus septoria nodorum berk. strains with different virulence]. | the effect of two strains of the phytopathogenic fungus septoria nodorum berk. of different virulence on the intensity of local generation of hydrogen peroxide in common wheat leaves and the role of oxidoreductases in this process was studied. differences in the pattern of hydrogen peroxide production in wheat plants infected with high- and low-virulence pathogen strains have been found. the low-virulent s. nodorum strain caused a long-term hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) generation in the infection zo ... | 2009 | 19764620 |
| identification of structural determinants for inhibition strength and specificity of wheat xylanase inhibitors taxi-ia and taxi-iia. | triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (taxi)-type inhibitors are active against microbial xylanases from glycoside hydrolase family 11, but the inhibition strength and the specificity towards different xylanases differ between taxi isoforms. mutational and biochemical analyses of taxi-i, taxi-iia and bacillus subtilis xylanase a showed that inhibition strength and specificity depend on the identity of only a few key residues of inhibitor and xylanase [fierens k et al. (2005) febs j 272, 5872-5882 ... | 2009 | 19769747 |
| research progress in bydv resistance genes derived from wheat and its wild relatives. | barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv) may cause a serious disease affecting wheat worldwide. true resistance to bydv is not naturally found in wheat. bydv resistance genes are found in more than 10 wild relative species belonging to the genera of thinopyrum, agropyron, elymus, leymus, roegneria, and psathyrostachy. through wide crosses combining with cell culture, use of ph mutants, or irradiation, 3 bydv resistance genes in th. intermedium, including bdv2, bdv3 and bdv4, were introgressed into commo ... | 2009 | 19782958 |
| effects of cadmium on plant growth and physiological traits in contrast wheat recombinant inbred lines differing in cadmium tolerance. | four wheat (triticum aestivum l.) lines differing in cadmium (cd) tolerance previously identified from a recombinant inbred line population were subjected to 50 microm cdcl2 from the three-leaf stage for 24 d, to investigate the responses of wheat seedlings to cd toxicity. under cd stress, most growth parameters and root morphological traits were reduced, except for secondary root numbers and average root diameter. cd enhanced leaf cell peroxidation due to increased malondialdehyde (mda) content ... | 2009 | 19783279 |
| tree-based intercropping systems increase growth and nutrient status of hybrid poplar: a case study from two northeastern american experiments. | tree-based intercropping is considered to be a potentially useful land use system for mitigating negative environmental impacts from intensive agriculture such as nutrient leaching and greenhouse gas emissions. rapid early growth of trees is critical for rapidly accruing environmental benefits provided by the trees. we tested the hypothesis that intercropping increases the growth and nutrient status of young hybrid poplars (populus spp.), compared to a harrowing alley treatment (i.e., no intercr ... | 2009 | 19783353 |
| homoeologous recombination within bread wheat to develop novel combinations of hmw-gs genes: transfer of the glu-a1 locus to chromosome 1d. | in an attempt to improve the bread-making quality within hexaploid wheat by elaborating novel high-molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) combinations useful in wheat-breeding programmes, a 1a chromosome fragment carrying the glu-a1 locus encoding the subunit ax2*, was translocated to the long arm of chromosome 1d. the partially isohomoeoallelic line, designated rr239, had a meiotic behaviour as regular as cv. courtot. it was characterised using genomic in situ hybridization and microsatell ... | 2009 | 19820963 |
| stolbur phytoplasma transmission to maize by reptalus panzeri and the disease cycle of maize redness in serbia. | maize redness (mr), induced by stolbur phytoplasma ('candidatus phytoplasma solani', subgroup 16srxii-a), is characterized by midrib, leaf, and stalk reddening and abnormal ear development. mr has been reported from serbia, romania, and bulgaria for 50 years, and recent epiphytotics reduced yields by 40 to 90% in south banat district, serbia. potential vectors including leafhoppers and planthoppers in the order hemiptera, suborder auchenorrhyncha, were surveyed in mr-affected and low-mr-incidenc ... | 2009 | 19671007 |
| the mediator complex subunit pft1 is a key regulator of jasmonate-dependent defense in arabidopsis. | jasmonate signaling plays an important role in both plant defense and development. here, we have identified a subunit of the mediator complex as a regulator of the jasmonate signaling pathway in arabidopsis thaliana. the mediator complex is a conserved multiprotein complex that acts as a universal adaptor between transcription factors and the rna polymerase ii transcriptional machinery. we report that the phytochrome and flowering time1 (pft1) gene, which encodes the mediator25 subunit of mediat ... | 2009 | 19671879 |
| short-term foraging dynamics of cattle grazing swards with different canopy structures. | the objective of the present experiment was to describe the sward canopy structures of 3 different wheat (triticum aestivum l.) pastures and relate them to short-term herbage intake rate and foraging dynamics by steers. pastures were sampled for leaf and stem fractions at the bottom, middle, and top canopy strata. sward surface heights and tiller and bulk densities were measured. herbage was separated into stem and leaf, and leaves were then ranked phenologically. three steers grazed (grazing se ... | 2009 | 19684258 |
| rapid evolution of simple sequence repeat induced by allopolyploidization. | microsatellite evolution normally occurs in diploids. until now, there has been a lack of direct experimental evidence for microsatellite evolution following allopolyploidization. in the present study, f(1) hybrids and newly synthesized allopolyploids were derived from triticum aestivum chinese spring x secale cereale jinzhou-heimai. one hundred and sixty-three wheat simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers were used to investigate the variation of wheat microsatellites after allopolyploidization an ... | 2009 | 19688286 |
| expression of phytoene synthase1 and carotene desaturase crti genes result in an increase in the total carotenoids content in transgenic elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | dietary micronutrient deficiencies, such as the lack of vitamin a, are a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. carotenoids in food can function as provitamin a in humans, while grains of chinese elite wheat cultivars generally have low carotenoid contents. to increase the carotenoid contents in common wheat endosperm, transgenic wheat has been generated by expressing the maize y1 gene encoding phytoene synthase driven by a endosperm-specific 1dx5 promoter in the elite wheat (triticu ... | 2009 | 19694433 |
| phosphorylation at s384 regulates the activity of the taalmt1 malate transporter that underlies aluminum resistance in wheat. | in this study we examined the role of protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in the transport properties of the wheat (triticum aestivum) root malate efflux transporter underlying al resistance, taalmt1. pre-incubation of xenopus laevis oocytes expressing taalmt1 with protein kinase inhibitors (k252a and staurosporine) strongly inhibited both basal and al(3+)-enhanced taalmt1-mediated inward currents (malate efflux). pre-incubation with phosphatase inhibitors (okadaic acid and cyclosporine a) ... | 2009 | 19563436 |
| comparison of bloat potential between a variety of soft-red versus a variety of hard-red winter wheat forage. | some aspects of wheat pasture bloat have been researched extensively, but few studies have evaluated the effect of wheat type or variety on bloat. eight gelbvieh x angus ruminally cannulated heifers (515 +/- 49 kg of bw) and 48 angus heifers (238 +/- 12 kg of bw) grazed 1-ha pastures of hard-red or soft-red winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to evaluate the effect of wheat variety on bloat potential. in exp. 1, cattle grazed from november 11 to 22 and from november 26 to december 7, 2006, in a ... | 2009 | 19574572 |
| genetic transformation of nepalese spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars with ipt gene under the regulation of a senescence enhanced promoter from maize. | two nepalese spring wheat cultivars were transformed with an ipt gene from agrobacterium tumefaciens under the control of the senescence inducible promoter psee1 from maize using biolistic method. the resulting transgenic lines, one from pasang lahmu and seven from annapurna-1, were studied for the expression of the transgene and the phenotype characters like chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, ps ii quantum yield and other parameters of agronomic importance. analysis of transgene expres ... | 2009 | 19579929 |
| [studies on quantitative trait loci related to activity of lactate dehydrogenase in common carp (cyprinus carpio)]. | the reciprocal intergeneric hybrids between common wheat and roegneria kamoji were successfully obtained by means of embryo culture. morphology, chromosome pairing behavior at meiosis, fertility, and resistance to scab of the hybrid f1 and bc1 were studied. the results showed that the morphology of the reciprocal intergeneric hybrids f1 between r. kamoji and t. aestivum cv. chinese spring were intermediate type between the two parental species. the chromosome configuration at metaphase i (mi) of ... | 2009 | 19586894 |
| regulation of resistance and susceptibility in wheat-powdery mildew pathosystem with exogenous cytokinins. | dose-response relationship between resistance of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum, cultivar zarya) to erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici marchal. (syn. blumeria graminis), a causal organism of wheat powdery mildew and exogenous zeatin has been investigated. two-week-old seedlings were inoculated with the pathogen. zeatin or zeatinriboside were added to the nutrient solution immediately after inoculation. the dose-response curve of cytokinin in the most cases was multiphasic, with peaks of increa ... | 2009 | 19592133 |
| reevaluation of a tetraploid wheat population indicates that the tsn1-toxa interaction is the only factor governing stagonospora nodorum blotch susceptibility. | the wheat tsn1 gene on chromosome 5b confers sensitivity to a host-selective toxin produced by the pathogens that cause tan spot and stagonospora nodorum blotch (snb) known as ptr toxa and sntoxa, respectively (hereafter referred to as toxa). a compatible tsn1-toxa interaction is known to play a major role in conferring susceptibility of hexaploid (common) wheat to snb. however, a recent study by another group suggested that the tsn1-toxa interaction was not relevant in conferring susceptibility ... | 2009 | 19594309 |
| characterization of genetic components involved in durable resistance to stripe rust in the bread wheat 'renan'. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. tritici, is one of the most widespread and destructive wheat diseases in areas where cool temperatures prevail. the wheat cv. renan, carrying the specific gene yr17, has shown effective resistance for a long time, even though some pathotypes overcame the yr17 gene. the objectives of this study were to locate and map genetic loci associated with adult-plant resistance (apr) to stripe rust in a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross b ... | 2009 | 19594316 |
| influence of genetic and environmental factors on selected nutritional traits of triticum monococcum. | to evaluate the effect of genotype, year, and location on protein, lipid, tocol, and lutein content and on fatty acids composition of wholemeal flour, five einkorns (triticum monococcum l. ssp. monococcum) and one control bread wheat were cropped in italy for two years in four different locations. genotype and year exerted major effects on protein, tocotrienol, and lutein contents, while tocopherol and lipid contents were influenced only by the genotype. the concentrations of linoleic, oleic, an ... | 2009 | 19601667 |
| identification of three wheat globulin genes by screening a triticum aestivum bac genomic library with cdna from a diabetes-associated globulin. | exposure to dietary wheat proteins in genetically susceptible individuals has been associated with increased risk for the development of type 1 diabetes (t1d). recently, a wheat protein encoded by cdna wp5212 has been shown to be antigenic in mice, rats and humans with autoimmune t1d. to investigate the genomic origin of the identified wheat protein cdna, a hexaploid wheat genomic library from glenlea cultivar was screened. | 2009 | 19615078 |
| effects of different water availability at post-anthesis stage on grain nutrition and quality in strong-gluten winter wheat. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important agricultural crops worldwide. however, water is the most important limiting factor for wheat production. this study was initiated to test water stress environmental effects on grain quality and nutritional value of wheat by using single different water conditions at post-anthesis stage. further analyses were conducted to examine variations in concentrations and compositions of the bioactive compounds and nutritions in strong-gluten winter ... | 2009 | 19632660 |
| genomic diversity of germinating scutellum specific gene p23k in barley and wheat. | p23k is a 23 kda protein involved in sugar translocation in the scutellum of germinating barley seeds. the present study was carried out to provide the genomic characterization for p23k gene in terms of copy number, chromosome mapping, genetic mapping and expression analysis in germinating sculletum in two major triticeae crops, barley and wheat, and their relatives. southern blotting showed that a variable copy number with different restriction fragment sizes was found among 15 hordeum accessio ... | 2009 | 19641998 |
| identifying qtl for high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in the spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar 'louise'. | over time, many single, all-stage resistance genes to stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) are circumvented by race changes in the pathogen. in contrast, high-temperature, adult-plant resistance (htap), which only is expressed during the adult-plant stage and when air temperatures are warm, provides durable protection against stripe rust. our objective was to identify major quantitative trait loci (qtl) for htap resistance to stripe rust in the spring ... | 2009 | 19644666 |
| meiosis drives extraordinary genome plasticity in the haploid fungal plant pathogen mycosphaerella graminicola. | meiosis in the haploid plant-pathogenic fungus mycosphaerella graminicola results in eight ascospores due to a mitotic division following the two meiotic divisions. the transient diploid phase allows for recombination among homologous chromosomes. however, some chromosomes of m. graminicola lack homologs and do not pair during meiosis. because these chromosomes are not present universally in the genome of the organism they can be considered to be dispensable. to analyze the meiotic transmission ... | 2009 | 19516898 |
| the dawgpaws pipeline for the annotation of genes and transposable elements in plant genomes. | abstract: | 2009 | 19545381 |
| effects of dried distillers' grains with solubles (wheat-based) in feedlot cattle diets on feces and manure composition. | the use of dried distillers' grains with solubles (ddgs) in feedlot cattle (bos taurus) diets is increasing as the bio-ethanol industry expands. this study investigated how wheat (triticum aestivum l.) ddgs-based diets impact feedlot cattle nutrient and volatile fatty acid (vfa) excretion. feedlot heifers were fed ddgs at 0 (control) 20, 40, 60% or 60% + ca (1% limestone) of dietary dry matter. feces and manure were sampled monthly over a 133-d finishing period. total nitrogen (tn) (feces only), ... | 2009 | 19549948 |
| the molecular biology of seasonal flowering-responses in arabidopsis and the cereals. | in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), flowering locus t (ft) and flowering locus c (flc) play key roles in regulating seasonal flowering-responses to synchronize flowering with optimal conditions. ft is a promoter of flowering activated by long days and by warm conditions. flc represses ft to delay flowering until plants experience winter. | 2009 | 19304997 |
| family-based mapping of quantitative trait loci in plant breeding populations with resistance to fusarium head blight in wheat as an illustration. | traditional quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping approaches are typically based on early or advanced generation analysis of bi-parental populations. a limitation associated with this methodology is the fact that mapping populations rarely give rise to new cultivars. additionally, markers linked to the qtl of interest are often not immediately available for use in breeding and they may not be useful within diverse genetic backgrounds. use of breeding populations for simultaneous qtl mapping, mar ... | 2009 | 19322557 |
| saturation and comparative mapping of the genomic region harboring hessian fly resistance gene h26 in wheat. | resistance gene h26, derived from aegilops tauschii coss., is one of the most effective r genes against the hessian fly [mayetiola destructor (say)], an important pest of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). using a limited number of pcr-based molecular markers a previous study mapped h26 to the wheat chromosomal deletion bin 3dl3-0.81-1.00. the objectives of this study were to saturate the chromosomal region harboring h26 with newly developed pcr-based markers and to investigate the collinearity of th ... | 2009 | 19322558 |
| timing and biosynthetic potential for carotenoid accumulation in genetically diverse germplasm of maize. | enhancement of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in food crops benefits human health and adds commercial value of natural food colorants. however, predictable metabolic engineering or breeding is limited by the incomplete understanding of endogenous pathway regulation, including rate-controlling steps and timing of expression in carotenogenic tissues. the grass family (poaceae) contains major crop staples, including maize (zea mays), wheat (triticum aestivum), rice (oryza sativa), sorghum (sor ... | 2009 | 19346441 |
| a host-selective toxin of pyrenophora tritici-repentis, ptr toxa, induces photosystem changes and reactive oxygen species accumulation in sensitive wheat. | ptr toxa (toxa) is a proteinaceous necrotizing host-selective toxin produced by pyrenophora tritici-repentis, a fungal pathogen of wheat (triticum aestivum). in this study, we have found that treatment of toxa-sensitive wheat leaves with toxa leads to a light-dependent accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ros) that correlates with the onset of necrosis. furthermore, the accumulation of ros and necrosis could be inhibited by the antioxidant n-acetyl cysteine, providing further evidence that r ... | 2009 | 19445591 |
| qtl-specific microarray gene expression analysis of wheat resistance to fusarium head blight in sumai-3 and two susceptible nils. | fusarium head blight, predominantly caused by fusarium graminearum (schwabe) in north america, is a destructive disease that poses a serious threat to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) production around the world. cdna microarrays consisting of wheat ests derived from a wheat - f. graminearum interaction suppressive subtractive hybridization library were used to investigate qtl-specific differential gene expression between the resistant chinese cultivar sumai-3 and two susceptible near isogenic lines ... | 2009 | 19448721 |
| virulence analysis of hessian fly populations from texas, oklahoma, and kansas. | in recent years, the number of wheat, triticum aestivum l., fields heavily infested by hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say), has increased in the great plains of the united states. historically, resistance genes in wheat have been the most efficient means of controlling this insect pest. to determine which resistance genes are still effective in this area, virulence of six hessian fly populations from texas, oklahoma, and kansas was determined, using the resistance genes h3, h4, h5, h6, h7h8, ... | 2009 | 19449660 |
| differentiation of molecular genotypes and virulence phenotypes of puccinia triticina from common wheat in north america. | wheat leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina is widely distributed in the wheat growing regions of the united states and canada, and is subject to selection for virulence phenotype by leaf rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars. the objective of this study was to determine the number of genetically differentiated groups of p. triticina that are currently present in north america. in total, 148 isolates of p. triticina from the 1980s to 2005 were collected from wheat-growing regions of the unit ... | 2009 | 19453235 |
| defense strategy of old and modern spring wheat varieties during soil drying. | different defense mechanisms of three spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties were studied by withholding watering in well-watered pots to gradually increase water deficit of plants grown in containers. the strategies of plant adaptation were divided into three phases according to the severity of drought: first, a positive defense phase that started from commencement of non-hydraulic root-sourced signals (nhrs) and ended at onset of hydraulic root-sourced signals (hrs)--the plant responded ... | 2009 | 19453498 |
| markers to a common bunt resistance gene derived from 'blizzard' wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and mapped to chromosome arm 1bs. | common bunt, caused by tilletia caries (dc.) tul. & c. tul. and t. laevis j.g kuhn, is an economically important disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. the resistance in the winter wheat cultivar 'blizzard' is effective against known races of common bunt in western canada. the incorporation of resistance from blizzard into field-ready cultivars may be accelerated through the use of molecular markers. using the maize pollen method, a doubled haploid population of 147 lines was develop ... | 2009 | 19471904 |
| molecular identification of a new powdery mildew resistance gene pm41 on chromosome 3bl derived from wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides). | powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is an important wheat disease in china and other parts of the world. wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is the immediate progenitor of cultivated tetraploid and hexaploid wheats and thus an important resource for wheat improvement. wild emmer accession iw2 collected from mount hermon, israel, is highly resistant to powdery mildew at the seedling and adult plant stages. genetic analysis using an f(2) segregating population and ... | 2009 | 19471905 |
| prometryne-induced oxidative stress and impact on antioxidant enzymes in wheat. | prometryne is one of the herbicides widely used for controlling weed/grass in agricultural practice. however, whether it has an adverse effect on crops is unknown. in this study, we investigated prometryne-induced oxidative stress in wheat (triticum aestivum). wheat plants were grown in soils with prometryne at 0-24 mgkg(-1) soil. the growth of wheat treated with prometryne was inhibited. chlorophyll content significantly decreased even at the low level of prometryne (4 mgkg(-1) soil). accumulat ... | 2009 | 19473703 |
| rapid and targeted introgression of genes into popular wheat cultivars using marker-assisted background selection. | a marker-assisted background selection (mabs)-based gene introgression approach in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was optimized, where 97% or more of a recurrent parent genome (rpg) can be recovered in just two backcross (bc) generations. a four-step mabs method was developed based on 'plabsim' computer simulations and wheat genome structure information. during empirical optimization of this method, double recombinants around the target gene were selected in a step-wise fashion during the two bc c ... | 2009 | 19484121 |
| evidence for variation in the optimal translation initiation complex: plant eif4b, eif4f, and eif(iso)4f differentially promote translation of mrnas. | eukaryotic initiation factor (eif) 4b is known to interact with multiple initiation factors, mrna, rrna, and poly(a) binding protein (pabp). to gain a better understanding of the function of eif4b, the two isoforms from arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) were expressed and analyzed using biophysical and biochemical methods. plant eif4b was found by ultracentrifugation and light scattering analysis to most likely be a monomer with an extended structure. an extended structure would facilitate the ... | 2009 | 19493973 |
| mitochondrial and nuclear localization of a novel pea thioredoxin: identification of its mitochondrial target proteins. | plants contain several genes encoding thioredoxins (trxs), small proteins involved in the regulation of the activity of many enzymes through dithiol-disulfide exchange. in addition to chloroplastic and cytoplasmic trx systems, plant mitochondria contain a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent trx reductase and a specific trx o, and to date, there have been no reports of a gene encoding a plant nuclear trx. we report here the presence in pea (pisum sativum) mitochondria an ... | 2009 | 19363090 |
| evolution of new disease specificity at a simple resistance locus in a crop-weed complex: reconstitution of the lr21 gene in wheat. | the wheat leaf-rust resistance gene lr21 was first identified in an iranian accession of goatgrass, aegilops tauschii coss., the d-genome donor of hexaploid bread wheat, and was introgressed into modern wheat cultivars by breeding. to elucidate the origin of the gene, we analyzed sequences of lr21 and lr21 alleles from 24 wheat cultivars and 25 accessions of ae. tauschii collected along the caspian sea in iran and azerbaijan. three basic nonfunctional lr21 haplotypes, h1, h2, and h3, were identi ... | 2009 | 19364806 |
| the gamma-gliadin multigene family in common wheat (triticum aestivum) and its closely related species. | the unique properties of wheat flour primarily depend on gluten, which is the most important source of protein for human being. gamma-gliadins have been considered to be the most ancient of the wheat gluten family. the complex family structure of gamma-gliadins complicates the determination of their function. moreover, gamma-gliadins contain several sets of celiac disease epitopes. however, no systematic research has been conducted yet. | 2009 | 19383144 |
| survey of stink bug (hemiptera: pentatomidae) egg parasitoids in wheat, soybean, and vegetable crops in southeast virginia. | stink bugs (hemiptera: pentatomidae) cause significant damage to many different crops and horticultural commodities in virginia. however, little is known about the species diversity or impact of stink bug egg parasitoids in the state. a survey was conducted in 2005 and 2006 (may through september) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), soybean (glycine max l.), and several vegetable crops by collecting natural egg masses of various stink bug species and by monitoring sentinel egg masses. a total of 57 ... | 2009 | 19389285 |
| identification of novel qtls for seedling and adult plant leaf rust resistance in a wheat doubled haploid population. | pyramiding of genes that confer partial resistance is a method for developing wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars with durable resistance to leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina. in this research, a doubled haploid population derived from the cross between the synthetic hexaploid wheat (shw) (xaegilotriticum spp.) line ta4152-60 and the north dakota breeding line nd495 was used for identifying genes conferring partial resistance to leaf rust in both the adult plant and seedling stages. five ... | 2009 | 19396420 |
| identification and genetic mapping of pm42, a new recessive wheat powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides). | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide in areas with cool or maritime climates. wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is an important potential donor of disease resistances and other traits for common wheat improvement. a powdery mildew resistance gene was transferred from wild emmer accession g-303-1m to susceptible common wheat by crossing and backcrossing, resulting in inbred line p63 (yanda1817/g-303-1 m//3* ... | 2009 | 19407985 |
| meta-qtl analysis of the genetic control of ear emergence in elite european winter wheat germplasm. | variation in ear emergence time is critical for the adaptation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to specific environments. the aim of this study was to identify genes controlling ear emergence time in elite european winter wheat germplasm. four doubled haploid populations derived from the crosses: avalon x cadenza, savannah x rialto, spark x rialto, and charger x badger were selected which represent diversity in european winter wheat breeding programmes. ear emergence time was recorded as the time ... | 2009 | 19430758 |
| [molecular cytogenetics, fertility, and scab resistance of the intergeneric hybrid f1 and bc1 between triticum aestivum and roegneria kamoji]. | the reciprocal intergeneric hybrids between common wheat and roegneria kamoji were successfully obtained by means of embryo culture. morphology, chromosome pairing behavior at meiosis, fertility, and resistance to scab of the hybrid f1 and bc1 were studied. the results showed that the morphology of the reciprocal intergeneric hybrids f1 between r. kamoji and t. aestivum cv. chinese spring were intermediate type between the two parental species. the chromosome configuration at metaphase i (mi) of ... | 2009 | 19273443 |
| auxin production by plant associated bacteria: impact on endogenous iaa content and growth of triticum aestivum l. | the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of bacterial strains of bacillus, pseudomonas, escherichia, micrococcus and staphylococcus genera associated with wild herbaceous flora to enhance endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) content and growth of triticum aestivum var. inqalab-91. | 2009 | 19220737 |
| intein-mediated protein assembly in transgenic wheat: production of active barnase and acetolactate synthase from split genes. | engineering traits by the assembly of non-functional gene products is a promising tool for modern plant biotechnology. in this article, we describe the establishment of male sterility and herbicide resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum) by complementing inactive precursor protein fragments through a split intein system. n- and c-terminal fragments of a barnase gene from bacillus amyloliquifaciens were fused to intein sequences from the synechocystis sp. gene dnab and delivered into the wheat ge ... | 2009 | 19222807 |
| a kinase-start gene confers temperature-dependent resistance to wheat stripe rust. | stripe rust is a devastating fungal disease that afflicts wheat in many regions of the world. new races of puccinia striiformis, the pathogen responsible for this disease, have overcome most of the known race-specific resistance genes. we report the map-based cloning of the gene yr36 (wks1), which confers resistance to a broad spectrum of stripe rust races at relatively high temperatures (25 degrees to 35 degrees c). this gene includes a kinase and a putative start lipid-binding domain. five ind ... | 2009 | 19228999 |
| limited genetic variation within and between russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotypes in the united states. | insect biotypes are populations able to kill or injure crops with resistance genes and complicate pest management programs based on host plant resistance. biotypes occur in russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), a worldwide pest of wheat, triticum aestivum l., and barley, hordeum vulgare l., that was introduced into mexico in 1980 and then spread into texas by 1986. five d. noxia biotypes were described in the united states and given the number designations 1 th ... | 2009 | 19253666 |
| search for diagnostic proteins to prove authenticity of organic wheat grains (triticum aestivum l.). | research comparing the biochemical composition of wheat grains from organic or conventional agriculture has used the targeted analytical approach. to obtain a more comprehensive record of the food's composition, we employed protein profiling techniques. levels of 1049 proteins were recorded in wheat grains (triticum aestivum l., cv. titlis) of two growing seasons from a rigorously controlled field trial in switzerland, containing organic and conventional plots. levels of 25 proteins were differe ... | 2009 | 19253955 |
| comparative effectiveness of pseudomonas and serratia sp. containing acc-deaminase for improving growth and yield of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under salt-stressed conditions. | ethylene synthesis is accelerated in response to various environmental stresses like salinity. ten rhizobacterial strains isolated from wheat rhizosphere taken from different salt affected areas were screened for growth promotion of wheat under axenic conditions at 1, 5, 10 and 15 ds m(-1). three strains, i.e., pseudomonas putida (n21), pseudomonas aeruginosa (n39) and serratia proteamaculans (m35) showing promising performance under axenic conditions were selected for a pot trial at 1.63 (origi ... | 2009 | 19255743 |
| a high molecular weight polypeptide cross-reacting with the antibodies to the dynein heavy chain localizes to the subset of golgi complex in higher plant cells. | antibodies were produced against fragments of the microtubule-binding domain and the motor domain of the dynein heavy chain from dictyostelium discoideum to probe whole cell extracts of root meristem cells of wheat triticum aestivum. in plant extracts, these antibodies cross-reacted with a polypeptide of high molecular weight (>500kda). the antibodies bound to protein a-sepharose precipitated high molecular weight polypeptide from cell extracts. immunofluorescence showed that the antibodies iden ... | 2009 | 19135538 |
| agriculture and the new challenges for photosynthesis research. | a rising human population and changing patterns of land use mean that world food production rates will need to be increased by at least 50% by 2050, a massive rise in harvestable yield per hectare of the major crops such as rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum). combinations of breeding for improved morphology-related traits such as harvest index and increased inputs of water and fertilizer, which have sustained yield increases since the 1960s, will be neither sufficient nor sustaina ... | 2009 | 19140947 |
| tracking costs of virulence in natural populations of the wheat pathogen, puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici. | costs of adaptation play an important role in host-parasite coevolution. for parasites, evolving the ability to circumvent host resistance may trade off with subsequent growth or transmission. such costs of virulence (sensu plant pathology) limit the spread of all-infectious genotypes and thus facilitate the maintenance of genetic polymorphism in both host and parasite. we investigated costs of three virulence factors in puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici, a fungal pathogen of wheat (triticum aes ... | 2009 | 19183485 |
| characterization and chromosomal location of pm40 in common wheat: a new gene for resistance to powdery mildew derived from elytrigia intermedium. | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a very destructive wheat (triticum aestivum) disease. resistance was transferred from elytrigia intermedium to common wheat by crossing and backcrossing, and line gry19, that was subsequently selected, possessed a single dominant gene for seedling resistance. five polymorphic microsatellite markers, xgwm297, xwmc335, xwmc364, xwmc426 and xwmc476, on chromosome arm 7bs, were mapped relative to the powdery mildew resistance locus in an ... | 2009 | 19194691 |
| effects of selenium on wheat seedlings under drought stress. | the paper reports the effects of selenium (se) supply on growth and some physiological traits of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv shijiazhuang no. 8) seedlings exposed to drought stress. the growth and physiological responses of seedlings were different depending on the se concentration. the higher (3.0 mg se kg(-1)) and lower amount used (0.5 mg se kg(-1)) did not significantly affect on biomass accumulation. treatments with 1.0 and 2.0 mg se kg(-1) promoted biomass accumulation of wheat seedling ... | 2009 | 19214397 |
| sewage sludge applied to agricultural soil: ecotoxicological effects on representative soil organisms. | application of sewage sludge to agricultural lands is a current practice in eu. european legislation permits its use when concentrations of metals in soil do not increase above the maximum permissible limits. in order to assess the fate and the effects on representative soil organisms of sewage sludge amendments on agricultural lands, a soil microcosm (multi-species soil system-ms3) experiment was performed. the ms3 columns were filled with spiked soil at three different doses: 30, 60 and 120tha ... | 2009 | 19261330 |
| immobilization and phytotoxicity of cd in contaminated soil amended with chicken manure compost. | the experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of compost application on the immobilization and biotoxicity of cd in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) potted soils. soils treated with various levels of cd (0-50 mg cd kg(-1) soil) were amended with 0, 30, 60 and 120 g compost kg(-1) soil. the fractions of cd in soil were evaluated by a sequential extraction procedure. compost application resulted in more than 70% lower soluble/exchangeable cd (kno(3)) but increased the concentration of org ... | 2009 | 18692313 |
| tolerance of hordeum marinum accessions to o2 deficiency, salinity and these stresses combined. | when root-zone o(2) deficiency occurs together with salinity, regulation of shoot ion concentrations is compromised even more than under salinity alone. tolerance was evaluated amongst 34 accessions of hordeum marinum, a wild species in the triticeae, to combined salinity and root-zone o(2) deficiency. interest in h. marinum arises from the potential to use it as a donor for abiotic stress tolerance into wheat. | 2009 | 18701600 |
| mapping a stripe rust resistance gene yrc591 in wheat variety c591 with ssr and aflp markers. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici (pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). to determine inheritance of stripe rust resistance and map the resistance gene(s) in wheat variety c591, f(1), f(2,) and f(3) progenies derived from the taichung 29 x c591 cross were inoculated with chinese pst race cy32 in the greenhouse. genetic analysis identified a single dominant gene, temporarily designated yrc591. a total of 178 ssr and ... | 2009 | 18946654 |
| independent evolution of functional pm3 resistance genes in wild tetraploid wheat and domesticated bread wheat. | the pm3 alleles of cultivated bread wheat confer gene for gene resistance to the powdery mildew fungus. they represent a particular case of plant disease resistance gene evolution, because of their recent origin and possible evolution after the formation of hexaploid wheat. the pm3 locus is conserved in tetraploid wheat, thereby allowing the comparative evolutionary study of the same resistance locus in a domesticated species and in one of its wild ancestors. we have identified 61 pm3 allelic se ... | 2009 | 18980638 |
| accumulation and translocation of toxic heavy metals in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) growing in agricultural soil of zhengzhou, china. | a field experiment was conducted to study the accumulation of toxic heavy metals by winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in the agricultural soil in the suburb of zhengzhou city, china. the quantities of heavy metals (cd, cr, pb, as, hg) were determined in different parts of wheat plant. the content of five toxic metals was found significantly higher in roots than in the aerial parts of wheat (stems and leaves, and grains). additionally, wheat roots were enriched in cd, pb, and hg from the ... | 2009 | 18987775 |
| blufensin1 negatively impacts basal defense in response to barley powdery mildew. | plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to control the defense response against microbial attack. both temporal and spatial gene expression are tightly regulated in response to pathogen ingress, modulating both positive and negative control of defense. blufensin1 (bln1), a small peptide belonging to a novel family of proteins in barley (hordeum vulgare), is highly induced by attack from the obligate biotrophic fungus blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (bgh), casual agent of powdery mildew ... | 2009 | 19005086 |
| a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) dre-binding transcription factor gene, ghdreb, confers enhanced tolerance to drought, high salt, and freezing stresses in transgenic wheat. | a cotton (g. hirsutum l.) dehydration responsive element binding protein gene, ghdreb, which encodes a 153 amino acid protein containing a conserved ap2/erebp domain, was isolated from the cdna library of cotton cv. simian 3 by a yeast one-hybrid system. rna blot analysis showed that the ghdreb gene was induced in cotton seedlings by drought, high salt and cold stresses. an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (emsa) indicated that the ghdreb protein bound specifically to the dre core element (a ... | 2009 | 19005655 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of bread and durum wheat using freshly isolated immature embryos. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation of wheat is becoming a viable alternative to the more established biolistic protocols. it offers advantages in terms of simple, low-copy-number integrations and can be applied with similar efficiencies to specific durum wheat and spring and winter bread wheat types varieties. | 2009 | 19009440 |
| chlorophenols induce lipid peroxidation and change antioxidant parameters in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in this work, changes in superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and guaiacol peroxidase (pod) activity were determined in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp) and pentachlorophenol (pcp). we analyzed the content of free phenols, the level of lipid peroxidation, and also the oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 by 2,4-dcp and pcp. chlorophenols were spiked to soil in concentrations of 0.5 and 5.0 mg kg(-1). plant seeds were raised in plastic pots con ... | 2009 | 19027988 |
| wheat cryptochromes: subcellular localization and involvement in photomorphogenesis and osmotic stress responses. | cryptochromes (crys) are blue light receptors important for plant growth and development. comprehensive information on monocot crys is currently only available for rice (oryza sativa). we report here the molecular and functional characterization of two cry genes, tacry1a and tacry2, from the monocot wheat (triticum aestivum). the expression of tacry1a was most abundant in seedling leaves and barely detected in roots and germinating embryos under normal growth conditions. the expression of tacry2 ... | 2009 | 19052154 |
| a germin-like protein gene family functions as a complex quantitative trait locus conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice. | plant disease resistance governed by quantitative trait loci (qtl) is predicted to be effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens and long lasting. use of these qtl to improve crop species, however, is hindered because the genes contributing to the trait are not known. five disease resistance qtl that colocalized with defense response genes were accumulated by marker-aided selection to develop blast-resistant varieties. one advanced backcross line carrying the major-effect qtl on chromosome ... | 2009 | 19011003 |
| optimization of agrobacterium-mediated transformation conditions in mature embryos of elite wheat. | immature embryos have been used frequently as target tissues in the genetical transformation of wheat. however, obtaining a large number of high quality immature embryos throughout the year is a laborious and delicate process, because of the need to cultivate the plants under controlled conditions. to circumvent this, we have employed mature embryos rather than immature ones as starter explants for agrobacterium-mediated transformation of an elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar em12. the ... | 2009 | 17906943 |
| effect of nitrogen, potassium and humic acid on ( 134 )cs transfer factors to wheat from tropical soils in neubauer growth units. | a neubauer plantlet experiment was carried out using inceptisol (typic haplustept) and vertisol (typic chromustert) soils contaminated with 134cs at 74 kbq kg(-1) soil to study the transfer factor to wheat crop (triticum aestivum) as influenced by four levels of humic acid (100, 200, 300, 400 mg ha kg(-1) soil), potassium and nh4-n (36.4, 54.5, 72.7 and 90.9 mg k or nh4 kg(-1) soil) under tropical climate. the biomass yield and k uptake by wheat were significantly improved in vertisol with nh4-n ... | 2009 | 18259886 |
| [identification of 1al/1rs translocation in winter common wheat varieties of ukrainian selection]. | analysis of alcohol-soluble protein (gliadin) patterns of a group of winter common wheat varieties from different breeding centers of ukraine resulted in identification of six varieties with the rye 1al/1rs translocation. the line 7086 ar also carries this translocation. the identified 1al/1rs translocation is similar to that of the variety amigo in the secalin pattern. the appearance of this translocation in varieties developed in different breeding centers of the forest-steppe of ukraine indic ... | 2009 | 16396327 |