Publications

cell biology. never-in-mitosis in mitosis.		1991	1944528
aspergillus nidulans weta activates spore-specific gene expression.	the aspergillus nidulans weta gene is required for synthesis of cell wall layers that make asexual spores (conidia) impermeable. in weta mutant strains, conidia take up water and autolyze rather than undergoing the final stages of maturation. weta is activated during conidiogenesis by sequential expression of the brla and abaa regulatory genes. to determine whether weta regulates expression of other sporulation-specific genes, its coding region was fused to a nutritionally regulated promoter tha ...	1991	1986246
crna encodes a nitrate transporter in aspergillus nidulans.	the nucleotide sequence of the aspergillus nidulans crna gene for the transport of the anion nitrate has been determined. the crna gene specifies a predicted polypeptide of 483 amino acids (molecular weight 51,769). a hydropathy plot suggests that this polypeptide has 10 membrane-spanning helices with an extensive hydrophilic region between helices six and seven. no striking homology was observed between the crna protein and other reported membrane proteins of either prokaryotic or eukaryotic or ...	1991	1986367
molecular cloning and functional characterization of the pathway-specific regulatory gene nira, which controls nitrate assimilation in aspergillus nidulans.	we have cloned an 11-kbp segment of the genomic dna of aspergillus nidulans which complements mutations in nira, the pathway-specific regulatory gene of the nitrate assimilation pathway. gene disruption in the corresponding region of the nuclear dna leads to a phenotype and a gene complementation pattern indistinguishable from that observed in known noninducible nira mutants. transformation studies with subclones of the 11-kbp genomic segment showed that a nonreverting null mutation nira87, maps ...	1991	1990284
cloning and characterization of an amidase gene from rhodococcus species n-774 and its expression in escherichia coli.	for investigation of an unknown open reading frame which is present upstream of the nitrile hydratase (nhase) gene from rhodococcus sp. n-774, a longer dna fragment covering the entire gene was cloned in escherichia coli. nucleotide sequencing and detailed subcloning experiments predicted a single open reading frame consisting of 521 amino acid residues of mr 54,671. the amino acid sequence, especially its nh2-terminal portion, showed significant homology with those of indoleacetamide hydrolases ...	1991	2001397
an autonomously replicating plasmid transforms aspergillus nidulans at high frequency.	from an unstable aspergillus nidulans colony, resulting from transformation with an a. nidulans gene bank, a plasmid was reisolated which transformed a. nidulans at a frequency of 20,000 transformants per 10(6) protoplasts at near saturation levels of transforming dna. this represents a 250-fold enhancement of transformation efficiency over that found for typical integrative vectors such as pilj16, the plasmid used in gene bank constructions. the plasmid, designated arp1, is 11.5 kb in size, and ...	1991	2013411
ecotoxicological aspects of aspergilli present in the phylloplane of stored leaves of chewing tobacco (nicotiana tobaccum).	nine different species of aspergillus were isolated from the phylloplane of stored chewing tobacco (nicotiana tobaccum) of different ages. the maximum number of species were isolated from 12 and 18 month old leaves. a. ruber, a. ochraceus, a. flavus and a. nidulans were usually associated with older leaves while a. niger, a. fumigatus and a. flavus were isolated from 6 month old leaves. approximately 18% of aspergilli were found to be mycotoxigenic. sterigmatocystin was produced by three differe ...	1991	2014047
regulation of invertase in aspergillus nidulans: effect of different carbon sources.	aspergillus nidulans produces an extracellular beta-d-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase (invertase) when grown on a medium containing the beta-fructofuranosides sucrose or raffinose, indicating that synthesis is subject to induction by the substrate. on a growth medium containing sucrose, production was maximal at 15 h in cultures incubated at 28 c degrees. after this time the level of detectable invertase in the cultures declined. a proportion of the enzyme was secreted during the linear growth ...	1991	2016586
isolation and nucleotide sequence of the aspergillus restrictus gene coding for the ribonucleolytic toxin restrictocin and its expression in aspergillus nidulans: the leader sequence protects producing strains from suicide.	we describe the cloning and characterization of the gene coding for the ribotoxin restrictocin, from aspergillus restrictus (gene res, embl accession number x56176). this toxin is a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis in eucaryotes and is of potential interest as a component of immunotoxins. to analyze the mechanism of self-protection in the producing organism, the res gene was cloned into the vector pfb39 and introduced into aspergillus nidulans. the secretion of active restrictocin from tran ...	1991	2020539
glycerol catabolism in aspergillus nidulans.	glycerol is catabolized in aspergillus nidulans by glycerol kinase and a mitochondrial fad-dependent sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. the levels of both enzymes are controlled by carbon catabolite repression and by specific induction. biochemical and genetical analyses show that dihydroxyacetone and d-glyceraldehyde are converted into glycerol and then catabolized by the same pathway. d-glyceraldehyde can be reduced by nadp(+)-dependent glycerol dehydrogenase or by alcohol dehydrogenase i, ...	1991	2033381
heterologous transformation of cochliobolus lunatus.	a dna mediated transformation system has been developed for the filamentous fungus cochliobolus lunatus. transformants were obtained by using plasmid pan 7-1 carrying the escherichia coli hygromycin b phosphotransferase gene (hph) fused to an aspergillus nidulans promoter. the integration of plasmid pan 7-1 into the fungal genome altered the ability of this microorganism to transform progesterone.	1991	2037226
ph regulation of penicillin production in aspergillus nidulans.	as shown by both bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) analysis, penicillin g production by aspergillus nidulans is subject to regulation by the ph of the growth medium. penicillin titres were highest at alkaline ph and in strains carrying mutations in the regulatory gene pacc which mimics the effects of growth at alkaline ph. they were lowest at acid ph and in strains carrying mutations in the pala, palb, palc, pale or palf genes which mimic the effects of growth at acid p ...	1991	2037230
adenylate kinase isoenzymes in aspergillus nidulans.	adenylate kinase isoenzymes localised in the mitochondria and in the cytosol have been detected in extracts of glucose-grown aspergillus nidulans using specific staining after electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. the isoenzymes have similar km values for amp, adp and mgatp2- but may differ in the mechanism used for internucleotide phosphate transfer.	1991	2040420
the amdr product and a ccaat-binding factor bind to adjacent, possibly overlapping dna sequences in the promoter region of the aspergillus nidulans amds gene.	the amds gene of aspergillus nidulans is regulated by a number of positively acting regulatory genes which act additively and independently. using gel mobility shift assays with crude nuclear extracts we show here that the product of one of these regulatory genes, the amdr gene, binds to dna fragments containing part of the promoter region of the amds gene. this confirms the earlier prediction from dna sequence data that amdr encodes a dna-binding protein containing a cysteine-rich 'zinc finger' ...	1991	2041742
molecular cloning and characterization of the arod gene encoding 3-dehydroquinase from salmonella typhi.	the arod gene from salmonella typhi, encoding 5-dehydroquinate hydrolyase (3-dehydroquinase), has been cloned into escherichia coli and the dna sequence determined. the arod gene was isolated from a cosmid gene bank by complementation of an s. typhimurium arod mutant. analysis of the dna sequence revealed the presence of an open reading frame capable of encoding a protein of 252 amino acids with a calculated mr of 27706. comparison of the deduced s. typhi 3-dehydroquinase protein sequence with t ...	1991	2045778
correct intron splicing generates a new type of a putative zinc-binding domain in a transcriptional activator of aspergillus nidulans.	alcr is the pathway-specific transcriptional activator of the ethanol regulon in the filamentous fungus, aspergillus nidulans. the deduced amino acid sequence of a cdna clone, including the 5' part of the alcr-mrna, shows that a putative zn-binding domain of the all-cysteine class, exemplified by gal4 is present. this structure presents some striking features. at variance with other structures of this class, the binding domain is strongly asymmetrical. model building indicates that the zinc-bind ...	1991	2053973
in vitro studies with nine known or suspected spindle poisons: results in tests for chromosome malsegregation in aspergillus nidulans.	within the framework of a coordinated collaborative study for evaluating assays for aneuploidy, nine known or suspected spindle poisons were tested in mitotic segregation assays with aspergillus nidulans. experiments with a. nidulans diploid strain p1 revealed a statistically significant increase of whole chromosome segregants (non-disjunctional diploids and haploids) after treatments with chloral hydrate (ch), thiabendazole (tb), thimerosal (tm) econazole (ez) and hydroquinone (hq). the latter ...	1991	2056914
chromosome-specific recombinant dna libraries from the fungus aspergillus nidulans.	development of physical genomic maps is facilitated by identification of overlapping recombinant dna clones containing long chromosomal dna inserts. to simplify the analysis required to determine which clones in a genomic library overlap one another, we partitioned aspergillus nidulans cosmid libraries into chromosome-specific subcollections. the eight a. nidulans chromosomes were resolved by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and hybridized to filter replicas of cosmid libraries. the subcollectio ...	1991	2057366
delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine synthetase from aspergillus nidulans. molecular characterization of the acva gene encoding the first enzyme of the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.	the aspergillus nidulans gene (acva) encoding the first catalytic steps of penicillin biosynthesis that result in the formation of delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine (acv), has been positively identified by matching a 15-amino acid segment of sequence obtained from an internal cnbr fragment of the purified amino-terminally blocked protein with that predicted from the dna sequence. acva is transcribed in the opposite orientation to ipna (encoding isopenicillin n synthetase), with an ...	1991	2061333
nitrate reactive structural gene mutants of aspergillus nidulans.	two strains characterized as niad structural gene mutants in aspergillus nidulans produce a nitrate reductase which retains the ability to react with nitrate while lacking the ability to oxidize its naturally occurring substrate nadph. fifteen such nitrate reactive niad strains exhibited strong interallelic complementation when tested against strains bearing point mutations in eleven other loci essential to induction and synthesis of nitrate reductase in aspergillus. fourteen representatives of ...	1991	2062247
isolation and transcriptional characterization of a morphological modifier: the aspergillus nidulans stunted (stua) gene.	the functions of at least four potential regulatory genes are known to overlap temporally during elaboration of the multicellular asexual reproductive apparatus (conidiophore) of aspergillus nidulans. one of these, the stua (stunted) gene, has been previously classified as a morphological modifier essential for correct spatial organization of the conidiophore. the gene was cloned by complementation of a strain carrying the stua1 mutation and has been localized to a 5.0 kb kpni fragment that enco ...	1991	2062309
rodletless, a new aspergillus developmental mutant induced by directed gene inactivation.	the aspergillus nidulans can41 transcription unit is activated by the brla regulatory gene early during development of the asexual reproductive apparatus, the conidiophore. disruption of can41 results in a novel mutant phenotype in which conidiophore cells and spores lack an external wall layer, the rodlet layer, making them less hydrophobic than in the wild type and leading to inefficient spore dispersal. the rodletless mutation defines a new locus on chromosome iii, roda. roda encodes a small, ...	1991	2065971
in vivo overproduction of the pentafunctional arom polypeptide in aspergillus nidulans affects metabolic flux in the quinate pathway.	the shikimate pathway and the quinic acid utilisation (qut) pathway of aspergillus nidulans and other fungi share the two common metabolic intermediates, 3-dehydroquinic acid (dhq) and dehydroshikimic acid (dhs), which are interconverted by two isoenzymes, catabolic 3-dehydroquinase, (cdhqase) and biosynthetic dehydroquinase, (bdhqase). bdhqase is one of five consecutive enzymatic activities associated with the pentafunctional arom protein encoded by the complex arom locus, whereas cdhqase is en ...	1991	1648168
a cdna encoding rabbit muscle protein phosphatase 1 alpha complements the aspergillus cell cycle mutation, bimg11.	the bimg11 allele causes a conditional growth defect in the fungus aspergillus nidulans preventing both progression through mitosis and normal polar growth. previously, we have shown that the bimg11 mutation increases the phosphorylation of nuclear proteins and that the gene encodes a protein similar to mammalian type 1 protein phosphatase. assay of protein phosphatase activity in protein extracts of aspergillus demonstrates directly that type 1 phosphatase activity is greatly reduced in the mut ...	1991	1655766
diverse proteins homologous to inositol monophosphatase.	bovine inositol monophosphatase (imp) and several homologous proteins were found to share two sequence motifs with bovine inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase (ipp). these motifs may correspond to binding sites within imp and ipp for inositol phosphates or for lithium, since both substances are bound by these proteins. this suggests that the proteins homologous to imp, which have diverse biological roles but whose function is not clear, may act by enhancing the synthesis or degradation of phosph ...	1991	1660408
two alpha-tubulin genes of aspergillus nidulans encode divergent proteins.	we have isolated and analyzed the tuba and tubb alpha-tubulin genes of aspergillus nidulans. the nucleotide sequences of these genes predict polypeptides of 447 amino acids for tuba and 450 for tubb. the predicted amino acids sequences exhibit 28% divergence between the two polypeptides. this is the second known case of such high divergence between alpha-tubulins within the same species. the tubb gene is unique in that it codes for an extra glycine residue between what are usually the second and ...	1991	1672037
is there methylmalonyl coa mutase in aspergillus nidulans?	in most animal species and many prokaryotes, methylmalonyl coa mutase catalyzes isomerization between methylmalonyl coa and succinyl coa using adenosylcobalamin as a cofactor. we describe the absence of this enzyme in aspergillus nidulans based on the absence of enzyme activity in vitro and the failure to metabolize methylmalonate or grow in media containing this organic acid as the sole carbon source. these data contrast previous assumptions that propionate may be metabolized through propionyl ...	1991	1676260
isolation and expression of the acetate-inducible isocitrate lyase gene (acu-3) from neurospora crassa: evidence for a second constitutive isozyme.	heterologous hybridisation of the aspergillus nidulans structural gene for isocitrate lyase (acud) to a lambda genomic library of neurospora crassa identified a recombinant phage containing the hybridising sequence on an internal 9 kb ecori fragment. a restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) enabled the fragment to be assigned to linkage group v (lg v), the location of the acetate-inducible isocitrate lyase, acu-3 of neurospora. functional ectopic complementation by co-transformation of ...	1991	1681413
sequence and expression of gln3, a positive nitrogen regulatory gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding a protein with a putative zinc finger dna-binding domain.	the gln3 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for the activation of transcription of a number of genes in response to the replacement of glutamine by glutamate as source of nitrogen. we cloned the gln3 gene and constructed null alleles by gene disruption. gln3 is not essential for growth, but increased copies of gln3 lead to a drastic decrease in growth rate. the complete nucleotide sequence of the gln3 gene was determined, revealing one open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 730 a ...	1991	1682800
effect of citrate on radial growth and conidiation of the mould aspergillus nidulans.	a mutation of the ctsa locus of aspergillus nidulans affects both the radial growth and conidiation of the mould when grown in the presence of citrate. the ctsa locus was allocated to linkage group iv but it recombines freely with inob2 and pyroa4 (which are also in linkage group iv). it is recessive in heterozygous diploids. a possible role for this gene in maintaining membrane integrity is discussed.	1991	24425277
botran and bleomycin induce crossing-over, and bleomycin also increases aneuploidy in diploid strains of aspergillus.	both bleomycin, an antineoplastic drug, and botran (2,6-dichloro-4-nitro-aniline), a fungicide, are known to inhibit growth and induce genetic segregation in diploid tester strains of aspergillus nidulans when present in agar media. to identify primary effects, samples of induced apparent crossover types were analysed in detail. for both compounds, coincident and consecutive events of mitotic crossing-over were found to be very frequent and such events showed a random distribution among isolated ...	1990	1692105
characterization and comparison of mitochondrial dnas and rrnas from penicillium urticae and p. chrysogenum.	mitochondrial dna (mt dna) from a patulin producer, penicillium urticae (synonym p. griseofulvum), was 27.8 kb +/- 0.6 kb in size by electron microscopy and 27.2 kb by agarose gel electrophoresis. restriction endonuclease maps for nine restriction enzymes were constructed, and eleven fragments which covered the total range of the mt dna were cloned into the escherichia coli plasmid vector puc19. southern analysis of the native genomes of p. urticae and p. chrysogenum with six of the cloned fragm ...	1990	1697325
a negative regulator of mitosis in aspergillus is a putative membrane-spanning protein.	the temperature-sensitive cell cycle mutation bime7 of aspergillus nidulans causes cells to become blocked in mitosis at a restrictive temperature. previous work has shown that this mitotic block is induced even when cells are arrested in the s or g2 phase. the mitotic block is also observed in cells carrying a null mutation in bime, obtained by molecular disruption of the gene (osmani, s.a., engle, d.b., doonan, j.h., and morris, n.r. (1988) cell 52, 241-251), indicating that a lack of bime fun ...	1990	1697851
optimized vectors and selection for transformation of neurospora crassa and aspergillus nidulans to bleomycin and phleomycin resistance.	to provide a dominant selectable marker for transformation of neurospora crassa strains lacking specific auxotrophic mutations, we have engineered the bleomycin (bm) resistance-encoding gene (ble) from the bacterial transposon tn5 for expression in n. crassa. the coding region of the ble gene was fused to the promoter and terminator regions of the n. crassa am gene. in some vectors, multiple cloning sites were placed flanking the ble gene to provide a versatile ble cassette. when introduced into ...	1990	1699844
keratinophilic fungi and other moulds associated with air-dust particles from egypt.	one-hundred and eleven species and three species varieties belonging to 39 genera were collected from 50 dust samples on the five media used at 28 degrees c. using the hair-baiting technique with horse hair, 10 species of chrysosporium were isolated: c. asperatum, c. state of arthroderma tuberculatum, c. indicum, c. inops, c. keratinophilum, c. merdarium, c. pannorum, c. queenslandicum, c. tropicum and c. xerophilum. true dermatophytes were isolated: trichophyton verrucosum and trichophyton sp. ...	1990	1702081
expression of the aspergillus niger glucose oxidase gene in a. niger, a. nidulans and saccharomyces cerevisiae.	we report the cloning of the aspergillus niger glucose oxidase gene and its use to elevate glucose oxidase productivity in a. niger by increasing the gene dosage. in addition, the gene has been introduced into a. nidulans where it provides the novel capacity to produce glucose oxidase. a plasmid, in which dna encoding the mature form of glucose oxidase was preceded by a saccharomyces cerevisiae secretion signal, effected high-level production of extracellular glucose oxidase in this yeast.	1990	2076553
genetic analysis of suppressors of the vea1 mutation in aspergillus nidulans.	light-dependent conidiation in the filamentous ascomycete, aspergillus nidulans, is contingent on the allelic state of the velvet (vea) gene. light dependence is abolished by a mutation in this gene (vea1), which allows conidiation to occur in the absence of light. we have isolated and characterized six extragenic suppressors of vea1 that restore the light-dependent conidiation phenotype. alleles of four genes, defined by complementation tests, were subjected to extensive genetic and phenotypic ...	1990	2076818
fungi of virgin and cultivated soil of salhiah desert, egypt.	27 species and 13 genera of fungi were identified from virgin and cultivated soil of salhiah. the most abundant species of phosphate solubilizing fungi were aspergillus nidulans, a. niger, a flavus, penicillium lilacinum, p. frequentans and fusarium moniliforme. on cellulose agar the most prevalent species were chaetomium bostrychodes, c. olivaceum, humicola fuscoatra, aspergillus flavus, a. nidulans, a. niger, a. ochraceus, fusarium solani and f. oxysporum. on xylan agar aspergillus fumigatus, ...	1990	2077791
structure and molecular mechanics of ferrirhodin.	c41h64fen9o17.7 1/2h2o, mr = 1146.0, orthorhombic, p2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 9.740 (7), b = 16.764 (10), c = 32.632 (17) a, v = 5328 (6) a3, z = 4, d chi = 1.43 g cm-3, mo k alpha, lambda = 0.71069 a, mu = 3.26 cm-1, f(000) = 2428, t = 138 (2) k, r = 0.0986 for 3543 observed reflections. ferrirhodin, a ferrichrome siderophore (iron transport agent) was isolated from low-iron cultures of aspergillus versicolor and a. nidulans. the compound is isomeric with another microbial siderophore, ferrirubin, but ...	1990	2088417
beta-lactam antibiotic biosynthetic genes have been conserved in clusters in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.	a cosmid clone containing closely linked beta-lactam antibiotic biosynthetic genes was isolated from a gene library of flavobacterium sp. sc 12,154. the location within the cluster of the dna thought to contain the gene for delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine synthetase (acvs), the first step in the beta-lactam antibiotic biosynthetic pathway, was identified by a novel method. this dna facilitated the isolation, by cross-hybridization, of the corresponding dna from streptomyces clav ...	1990	2107074
a critical arginine in the large subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase identified by site-directed mutagenesis.	rapid inactivation by phenylglyoxal of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (ribulose-p2 carboxylase) from the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans suggests the presence of an essential arginine, the modification of which is reduced in the presence of the substrate ribulose bisphosphate. arginine 292 in the large subunit of ribulose-p2 carboxylase from a. nidulans was chosen for site-directed mutagenesis studies on the basis of the complete conservation of this residue in corresponding seque ...	1990	2108139
brla requires both zinc fingers to induce development.	expression of the aspergillus nidulans brla gene induces a developmental pathway leading to the production of asexual spores. we have introduced mutations into brla that are expected to disrupt either or both cys2-his2 zn(ii) coordination sites postulated to exist in the brla polypeptide. the resultant brla alleles fail to induce either the asexual reproductive pathway or the expression of development-specific genes. these data support the hypothesis that brla encodes a nucleic acid-binding prot ...	1990	2108321
acyl coenzyme a: 6-aminopenicillanic acid acyltransferase from penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus nidulans.	a study of the final stages of the biosynthesis of the penicillins in penicillium chrysogenum has revealed two types of enzyme. one hydrolyses phenoxymethyl penicillin to 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-apa). the other, also obtained from aspergillus nidulans, transfers a phenylacetyl group from phenylacetyl coa to 6-apa. the acyltransferase, purified to apparent homogeneity, had a molecular mass of 40 kda. it also catalyses the conversion of isopenicillin n (ipn) to benzylpenicillin (pen g) and hyd ...	1990	2110531
cloning and expression of a hybrid streptomyces clavuligerus cefe gene in penicillium chrysogenum.	a hybrid cefe gene was constructed by juxtaposing promoter sequences from the penicillium chrysogenum pcbc gene to the open reading frame of the streptomyces clavuligerus cefe gene. in s. clavuligerus the cefe gene codes for the enzyme penicillin n expandase [also known as deacetoxycephalosporin c synthetase (daocs)]. to insert the hybrid cefe gene into p. chrysogenum the vector pps65 was constructed; pps65 contains the hybrid cefe gene and the aspergillus nidulans amds gene. the amds gene encod ...	1990	2111228
characterization of cryptic plasmids from marine cyanobacteria and construction of a hybrid plasmid potentially capable of transformation of marine cyanobacterium, synechococcus sp., and its transformation.	among forty strains of marine cyanobacteria isolated in our laboratory, five strains had 1-3 different plasmids. the unicellular marine cyanobacterium, synechococcus sp. nkbg 042902, contains at least three plasmids (psy09, psy10, and psy11). however, these plasmids are cryptic. therefore, a hybrid plasmid pusy02 containing the 1.4-kb hindiii fragment of psy11 and escherichia coli plasmid puc18 was constructed. the plasmid pusy02 transformed both marine synechococcus sp. nkbg042902-yg1116, which ...	1990	2112896
the upstream region of the ipns gene determines expression during secondary metabolism in aspergillus nidulans.	we have constructed a translational fusion between the isopenicillin-n-synthetase-encoding gene (ipns) of aspergillus nidulans and the lacz gene of escherichia coli. recombinant strains carrying a single copy of the fusion integrated at the ipns locus produced beta-galactosidase (beta gal) during secondary metabolism. integration of the fusion at the argb locus results in a situation in which the only 5'-flanking sequences of the ipns gene upstream from the chimeric fused gene are those included ...	1990	2115487
upstream elements repress premature expression of an aspergillus developmental regulatory gene.	the aspergillus nidulans abaa gene regulates intermediate steps in asexual reproductive development and is itself developmentally regulated. an 822-base-pair dna fragment from the abaa 5'-flanking region is sufficient to drive developmentally appropriate expression of the escherichia coli lacz gene. deletion analysis showed that this fragment contains elements that repress transcription in vegetative cells and immature conidiophores and that activate transcription later during development. a 45- ...	1990	2117702
a case of cerebral aspergillosis caused by aspergillus nidulans. clinical, pathologic and mycologic identifications.	a case of cerebral aspergillosis is reported, the presenting symptom was numbness of right face, which worsened after one year. ct-scan showed two enhanced low-density patches in the anterior and basal parts of right temporal lobe. during operation, an abscess in the deep part of right temporal lobe was revealed. the patient gradually felt amaurosis and oculomotor palsy of right eye. about six months later, she died from intracranial hypertension. biopsy, as well as autopsy findings suggested fu ...	1990	2119968
molecular characterization of the acyl-coenzyme a:isopenicillin n acyltransferase gene (pende) from penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus nidulans and activity of recombinant enzyme in escherichia coli.	the final step in the biosynthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics in penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus nidulans involves removal of the l-alpha-aminoadipyl side chain from isopenicillin n (ipn) and exchange with a nonpolar side chain. the enzyme catalyzing this reaction, acyl-coenzyme a:isopenicillin n acyltransferase (acyltransferase), was purified from p. chrysogenum and a. nidulans. based on nh2-terminal amino acid sequence information, the acyltransferase gene (pende) from p. chrysogenum a ...	1990	2120195
functional expression of 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin-dependent dna photolyase from anacystis nidulans in streptomyces coelicolor.	the gene encoding anacystis nidulans 5-deazaflavin-dependent photolyase (phr) was inserted into the streptomyces vector pij385 to form a transcriptional fusion with the neomycin resistance (aph) gene. the resulting plasmid, panpl, was introduced into streptomyces coelicolor, a host which exhibits no detectable photolyase activity and provides 5-deazaflavins. transformants expressed functional photolyase and could be cultured at much higher cell densities than a. nidulans. a two-step affinity pro ...	1990	2120199
analysis of delta-l-alpha-aminoadipyl-l-cysteinyl-d-valine by ion chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection.	a novel high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method is presented for the detection and trace level determination of the tripeptide delta-l-alpha-aminoadipyl-l-cysteinyl-d-valine (acv). the tripeptide, an intermediate in penicillin production, is derived from fungal fermentation. the technique relies on ion-exchange separation of the tripeptide on an anion-exchange column followed by detection by reduction on a gold electrode using pulsed amperometry. the sensitivity of direct determinat ...	1990	2120274
qualitative and quantitative changes in beta-1,4-glucosidase accompanying growth of aspergillus nidulans.	a comparative study of the wild type a. nidulans and a mutant strain aco-t69 (lacking conidia and cleistothecia) revealed the better production of beta-1,4-glucosidase in the former. the relative distribution of the enzyme levels in various morphological structures viz. somatic hyphae, spores and cleistothecia also showed a variation. highest specific activity was found in the cleistothecial extracts. the electrophoretic analysis of the wild type strain demonstrated the presence of three isoenzy ...	1990	2120420
functional elements in the promoter region of the aspergillus nidulans gpda gene encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.	analysis of the promoter region of the highly expressed aspergillus nidulans gpda gene is described. the nucleotide (nt) sequence of a 1.3-kb region upstream from the atg was determined. comparison with promoter regions of other aspergillus and neurospora genes revealed several regions of similar sequence. both random and site-specific mutations were introduced into the promoter region of the gpda gene, and the resulting mutant promoters were fused to the escherichia coli lacz gene. the construc ...	1990	2121607
n-acetyl-6-hydroxytryptophan oxidase, a developmentally controlled phenol oxidase from aspergillus nidulans.	we have purified a specific phenol oxidase which is produced during conidiophore development in the fungus aspergillus nidulans. two active forms (a and b) have molecular masses of 50 and 48 kda respectively; they have identical n-termini (24 residues). we have analysed the metal ion content of the b form; it is unusual in consisting of one zinc and two copper atoms per molecule. a temperature-sensitive mutant (ivob192) produces a thermolabile enzyme, implying that ivob is the structural locus. ...	1990	2126551
isolation and sequence analysis of a beta-tubulin gene from aspergillus flavus and its use as a selectable marker.	an altered beta-tubulin gene that confers resistance to benomyl [whose active ingredient is 2-(methoxycarbonylamino)benzimidazole (mbc)] was isolated from a dna library of aspergillus flavus and used as a selectable marker for transformation. the beta-tubulin gene was cloned into a plasmid vector containing the pyr-4 gene of neurospora crassa, and transformants were selected either for uracil prototrophy or mbc resistance. transformants selected for uracil prototrophy were of three phenotypic cl ...	1990	2128007
[lung mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi].		1990	2128860
mutation of a gene that encodes a kinesin-like protein blocks nuclear division in a. nidulans.	in a. nidulans, the temperature-sensitive cell cycle mutation bimc4 causes an elevated mitotic index at restrictive temperature. under restrictive conditions the mutation interferes with separation of the spindle pole bodies, causes abnormal spindle morphology, and prevents nuclear division. we have cloned and sequenced the wild-type bimc gene. the predicted protein product has homology to drosophila kinesin heavy chain. we conclude that this kinesin-like protein has an important role in nuclear ...	1990	2138511
adenosine triphosphatases in p-fluorophenylalanine sensitive and resistant strains of aspergillus nidulans.		1990	2144842
immunoprecipitation distinguishes non-overlapping groups of snrnps in schizosaccharomyces pombe.	the large number of snrnas in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe can be divided into four non-overlapping groups by immunoprecipitation with antibodies directed against mammalian snrnp proteins. 1) of the abundant snrnas, anti-sm sera precipitate only the spliceosomal snrnas u1, u2, u4, u5 and u6. surprisingly, three sm-sera tested distinguish between u2, u4 and u5 and u1 from s.pombe; one precipitating only u1 and two precipitating u2, u4 and u5 but not u1. 2) a group of 11 moderately ...	1990	2144896
novel potential mitotic motor protein encoded by the fission yeast cut7+ gene.	the structure equivalent to higher eukaryotic centrosomes in fission yeast, the nuclear membrane-bound spindle pole body, is inactive during interphase. on transition from g2 to m phase of the cell cycle, the spindle pole body duplicates; the daughter pole bodies seed microtubules which interdigitate to form a short spindle that elongates to span the nucleus at metaphase. we have identified two loci which, when mutated, block spindle formation. the predicted product of one of these genes, cut7+, ...	1990	2145514
the beta-tubulin gene of epichloë typhina from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne).	epichloë typhina is a biotrophic fungal pathogen which causes choke disease of pooid grasses. the anamorphic state, acremonium typhinum, is placed in the section albo-lanosa along with related, mutualistic, seed-disseminated endophytes. as an initial study of gene structure and evolution in epichloë and related endophytes, the beta-tubulin gene, tub2, of the perennial ryegrass choke pathogen (etprg) was cloned and sequenced. the coding sequence and the predicted beta-tubulin amino acid sequence ...	1990	2147581
[host-vector systems in filamentous fungi].		1990	2148397
induced expression of the aspergillus nidulans qute gene introduced by transformation into neurospora crassa.	the qa-2 gene of neurospora crassa encodes catabolic dehydroquinase which catabolizes dehydroquinic acid to dehydroshikimic acid. the qute gene of aspergillus nidulans corresponds to the qa-2 gene of n. crassa. the plasmid peh1 containing the qute gene from a. nidulans was used to transform a qa-2- strain of n. crassa. in southern blot analyses, dnas isolated from these transformants hybridized specifically to the qute gene probe. northern blot analyses indicated that qute mrna was produced in t ...	1990	2148798
of moulds and men, or two fingers are not better than one.		1990	2149222
abaa controls phialide differentiation in aspergillus nidulans.	aspergillus nidulans is an ascomycetous fungus that reproduces asexually by forming multicellular conidiophores and uninucleate spores called conidia. loss of function mutations in the abacus a (abaa) regulatory locus result in formation of aberrant conidiophores that fail to produce conidia. wild-type conidiophores form two tiers of sterigmata. the first tier, metulae, divide to produce the second tier, phialides. phialides are sporogenous cells that produce conidia through a specialized apical ...	1990	2152124
cloned manganese superoxide dismutase reduces oxidative stress in escherichia coli and anacystis nidulans.	the mn superoxide dismutase gene of escherichia coli was subcloned into the e. coli-anacystis nidulans shuttle vector psg111 to make the plasmid pmyg1. transformation of e. coli hb101 with pmyg1 resulted in a 6-fold increase in superoxide dismutase activity. there was also induction of mn superoxide dismutase in the transformants upon exposure to paraquat, as evidenced by dramatically increased levels of the mn superoxide dismutase polypeptide in cytoplasmic extracts and a 16-fold further increa ...	1990	2157207
endo-exonuclease of aspergillus nidulans.	endo-exonuclease (ee) has been found in both active and inactive, but trypsin-activatable, forms in aspergillus nidulans. active ee was present mainly in nuclei, mitochondria, and vacuoles, while trypsin-activatable ee was mainly in the cytosol. the active form accounts for over 90% of the neutral deoxyribonuclease activity extracted from mycelia. a single strand (ss) dna-binding ee associated with a 28 kilodalton (kda) polypeptide was partially purified and characterized. it was found to closel ...	1990	2161674
regulation of inorganic sulfate activation in filamentous fungi. allosteric inhibition of atp sulfurylase by 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate.	atp sulfurylases from penicillium chrysogenum, penicillium duponti, aspergillus nidulans, and neurospora crassa are strongly inhibited by 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (paps), the product of the second (adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate kinase-catalyzed) reaction in the two-step activation of inorganic sulfate. the v versus [paps] plots are sigmoidal. at physiological concentrations of mgatp (0.17-3 mm) and so4(2-) (0.4-10 mm), the [i]0.5 for paps inhibition of the p. chrysogenum enzyme is 35- ...	1990	2162344
cloning, characterization of the acyl-coa:6-amino penicillanic acid acyltransferase gene of aspergillus nidulans and linkage to the isopenicillin n synthase gene.	the pende gene encoding acyl-coa:6-amino penicillanic acid acyltransferase (aat), the last enzyme of the penicillin biosynthetic pathway, has been cloned from the dna of aspergillus nidulans. the gene contains three introns which are located in the 5' region of the open reading frame. it encodes a protein of 357 amino acids with a molecular weight of 39,240 da. the pende gene of a. nidulans shows 73% similarity at the nucleotide level with the pende gene of penicillium chrysogenum. the a. nidula ...	1990	2166227
efficient integrative transformation of the phytopathogenic fungus alternaria alternata mediated by the repetitive rdna sequences.	an attempt was made to transform alternaria alternata protoplasts using a plasmid vector, pdh25, bearing the escherichia coli hygromycin b (hy) phosphotransferase gene (hph) under the control of the aspergillus nidulans trpc promoter. transformants arose on a selective medium containing 100 micrograms hy/ml. there were two types of transformants, forming large and small colonies on the selective medium. transformation with one microgram of the vector produced an average of 4.5 large colonies and ...	1990	2169442
insertional inactivation and cloning of the wa gene of aspergillus nidulans.	we describe examples of wa gene inactivation (resulting in white conidiospores) obtained during transformation of aspergillus nidulans. one wa- transformant was obtained by transformation with a prn+ plasmid of a strain with green conidia (wa+) which was unable to catabolize l-proline (prn-). this transformant contains a very large number of plasmid copies integrated at a single site inseparable from the wa locus. passage of this transformant through the sexual cycle generated a variety of novel ...	1990	2172077
spatial and biological characterisation of the complete quinic acid utilisation gene cluster in aspergillus nidulans.	heterologous probing of restriction digests of chromosomal dna from aspergillus nidulans with radioactively labelled probes encoding dehydroshikimate dehydratase (qa-4) and a repressor gene (qa1-s) from neurospora crassa revealed a pattern of hybridisation inconsistent with an equivalent single copy of each gene in a. nidulans. screening of size-selected and total genome a. nidulans dna libraries allowed the isolation of four unique classes of sequence, two of which hybridised to the qa-4 probe, ...	1990	2175387
transformation of aspergillus giganteus to hygromycin b resistance.	a wild strain of a. giganteus was transformed to hygromycin b resistance using a bacterial resistance gene under the control of a. nidulans sequences. stable transformants arose by heterogenous integration, mainly of tandem repeats of vector dna at various sites in the host genome. between 6 and 30 resistant colonies were obtained per microgram dna per 3 x 10(3) viable protoplasts. vector dna could be recovered by transformation of escherichia coli with undigested genomic dna from aspergillus gi ...	1990	2178785
chromosomal mapping of an alcc disruption with respect to amda in aspergillus nidulans.	we report the use of the ribob gene for a gene replacement in the alcc gene of aspergillus nidulans, and show by "reverse genetics" that the alcc gene is very closely linked to the amda gene.	1990	2178787
purification and characterization of cellulolytic enzymes produced by aspergillus nidulans.	three exo-glucanases, two endo-glucanases and two beta-glucosidases were separated and purified from the culture medium of aspergillus nidulans. the optimal assay conditions for all forms of cellulase components ranged from ph 5.0 to 6.0 and 50 degrees c and 65 degrees c for exo-glucanases and endo-glucanases but 35 degrees c and 65 degrees c for beta-glucosidases. a close relation of enzyme stability to their optimal ph range was observed. all the cellulase components were stable for 10 min at ...	1990	2179198
genotoxicity studies on the organophosphorus insecticide chloracetophone.	chloracetophone (o,o-dimethyl-2,2,2-trichloro-1-(chloroacetoxy)phosphonate), a new insecticide of the organophosphorus group of pesticides, was tested for genotoxicity in a variety of systems with different genetic end-points and varying parameters. the test systems included 2 microbial systems, salmonella and aspergillus for point mutations and mitotic segregation, respectively, and human lymphocyte cultures and mammalian bone marrow cells (from rats and hamsters treated acutely and subacutely) ...	1990	2179715
conidium differentiation in aspergillus nidulans wild-type and wet-white (weta) mutant strains.	conidium (asexual spore) differentiation in wild-type and the wet-white (weta) mutant of aspergillus nidulans was compared in intact chains of successively older conidia. carbohydrate cytochemistry helped define three stages (stages i, ii, and iii) of wild-type conidium maturation on the basis of changes in the ultrastructure and composition of the conidium wall. conidia of the weta6 mutant strain formed normally but failed to mature during stages ii and iii. specifically, the inner wall layer o ...	1990	2180753
mutants of aspergillus nidulans able to grow at extremely acidic ph acidify the medium less than wild type when grown at more moderate ph.	mutations conferring the ability to grow on extremely acidic media have been selected in the fungus aspergillus nidulans and map to at least four genes. the mutations fall into two classes: those that confer acid resistance in media of both high and low buffering capacity and those that confer resistance only in media of low buffering capacity. in growth media of more moderate ph mutations of both classes result in reduced acidification of the medium.	1990	2182381
a mutation affecting amds expression in aspergillus nidulans contains a triplication of a cis-acting regulatory sequence.	in aspergillus nidulans expression of the acetamidase structural gene, amds, is under the control of at least four regulatory genes including the trans-acting amda regulatory gene. a cis-acting mutation (amdi66) consisting of an 18 bp duplication in the 5' region of the amds gene results in very high levels of acetamidase activity but only in strains carrying semi-dominant mutations in the amda gene. in selecting for increased amds expression in an amdi66 and a+ strain, an a. nidulans strain wit ...	1990	2187153
chloroacetaldehyde is a powerful inducer of mitotic aneuploidy in aspergillus nidulans.	the vinyl chloride metabolite chloroacetaldehyde (caa) was tested for the induction of mitotic chromosome malsegregation in aspergillus nidulans. exposure of germinating conidia to caa (16-64 microm) produced high rates of abnormal colonies with segregation of the whole first chromosome in the diploid strain p1, and abnormal, putative hyperploids in the haploid strain 35, indicating that caa primarily induces abnormal chromosome segregation. comparative assays with the known spindle poison chlor ...	1990	2188069
sequence and functional analysis of the positively acting regulatory gene amdr from aspergillus nidulans.	the positively acting regulatory gene amdr of aspergillus nidulans coordinately regulates the expression of five structural genes involved in the catabolism of certain amides (amds), omega amino acids (gata and gaba), and lactams (lama and lamb) in the presence of omega amino acid inducers. analysis of the amdr gene showed that it contains three small introns, heterogeneous 5' and 3' transcription sites, and multiple aug codons prior to the major aug initiator. the predicted amdr protein sequenc ...	1990	2188110
isozyme polymorphism of endo-beta-1,4-glucanase in aspergillus nidulans.	an electrophoretic survey of the natural populations of aspergillus nidulans, the a. nidulans group, and various species belonging to the genus aspergillus from diverse geographical areas of india was carried out to determine the isozyme polymorphism of endoglucanase. the data revealed the presence of three forms of endoglucanase designated eg i, eg ii, and eg iii. in some isolates, eg i and eg ii were present separately; in others, instead of two separate bands, one thick band was detected, whi ...	1990	2188645
complementation of the aspergillus nidulans arg b1 mutation by ornithine transcarbamylase cdna from rat liver.	an aspergillus nidulans strain which is deficient in ornithine transcarbamylase due to the arg b1 mutation was transformed with a plasmid containing the ornithine transcarbamylase cdna from rat liver under the control of the amd s promoter. stable transformants were obtained by selection on arginine free medium indicating complementation of the arg b mutation. proof of expression of the rat enzyme in transformants was obtained by immunoprecipitation of all ornithine transcarbamylase activity fro ...	1990	2189407
sequence and molecular structure of the aspergillus nidulans ya (laccase i) gene.		1990	2192364
nucleotide sequences of the meta-cleavage pathway enzymes 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase from pseudomonas cf600.	the nucleotide sequence of a 2493 base pair (bp) region, spanning the coding regions for the meta-cleavage pathway enzymes 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (hmsd) and 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase (hmsh), was determined. the deduced protein sequence for hmsd is 486 amino acid residues long with an mr of 51,682. hmsd has homology with a number of aldehyde dehydrogenases from various eukaryotic sources. the deduced protein sequence for hmsh is 283 amino acids long with an mr o ...	1990	2194577
gamma-tubulin is a component of the spindle pole body that is essential for microtubule function in aspergillus nidulans.	we have recently discovered that the mipa gene of a. nidulans encodes gamma-tubulin, a new member of the tubulin superfamily. to determine the function of gamma-tubulin in vivo, we have created a mutation in the mipa gene by integrative transformation, maintained the mutation in a heterokaryon, and determined the phenotype of the mutation in spores produced by the heterokaryon. the mutation is lethal and recessive. it strongly inhibits nuclear division, less strongly inhibits nuclear migration, ...	1990	2194669
increasing tubc beta-tubulin synthesis by placing it under the control of a bena beta-tubulin upstream sequence causes a reduction in bena beta-tubulin level but has no effect on microtubule function.	we have constructed a chimeric beta-tubulin gene that places the structural gene for the tubc beta-tubulin of aspergillus nidulans under the control of the bena beta-tubulin promoter. introduction of either this chimeric gene or a second wild-type bena gene into a benomyl-resistant bena22 strain causes it to become benomyl sensitive, indicating that the introduced genes are functional. analysis of the tubulin proteins synthesized in bena22 strains into which a second wild-type bena beta-tubulin ...	1990	2194681
developmental repression of growth and gene expression in aspergillus.	asexual reproductive development can be initiated in aspergillus nidulans in the presence of excess nutrients through artificial induction of the developmental regulatory genes brla or abaa by fusing the genes to the promoter from the alcohol dehydrogenase i gene (alca) and culturing cells in the presence of an inducing alcohol. artificially induced development completely inhibits growth and represses expression of the endogenous alca gene and the coordinately controlled aldehyde dehydrogenase g ...	1990	2196567
frequency of spontaneous and induced recessive mutations in a diploid strain of aspergillus nidulans.	the spontaneous and uv-induced frequencies of recessive mutations have been studied in a diploid strain of aspergillus nidulans, by the p-fluoro-phenylalanine (fpa) and 8-azaguanine (8-aza) resistance tests, on either resting or germinating conidia. observed frequencies are in the order of magnitude of those expected, which have been calculated considering the observed mutation frequencies in the haploid strain as well as the mitotic recombination frequencies. we also review some papers which cl ...	1990	2197553
cloning of the dna repair gene, uvsf, by transformation of aspergillus nidulans.	as a first step in the cloning of the dna repair gene uvsf of aspergillus nidulans, uvsf pyrg double mutant strains were transformed with a genomic library which carried the complementing neurospora pyr-4 gene in the vector. rare pyr+ uvs+ cotransformants were obtained on media lacking pyrimidines, overlayed with mms (methyl-methane sulfonate) to which uvsf is hypersensitive. among mms-resistant transformants, southerns revealed two types which showed single bands of different sizes when bglii-d ...	1990	2199316
characterization and expression of the unique calmodulin gene of aspergillus nidulans.	complete cdna and genomic clones for the unique calmodulin (cam) gene of the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans have been isolated and characterized. the gene contains five introns, of which three are at unique positions relative to other cam genes. the a. nidulans cam gene is transcribed as a single, 0.85-kilobase mrna species that encodes a predicted protein 84% identical (93% similar if conservative changes are considered) to vertebrate cam. the complete cdna was ligated into a lambda pl ...	1990	2199442
the molecular cloning and identification of a gene product specifically required for nuclear movement in aspergillus nidulans.	a temperature-sensitive mutation in the nudc gene (nudc3) of aspergillus nidulans specifically prevents the microtubule-based movement of nuclei in this organism at the restrictive temperature. the mutation does not affect short term growth, nuclear division, or the movement of other subcellular organelles. immunofluorescence analysis of cells blocked at the restrictive temperature, using antitubulin antibodies, shows that the inability of nuclei to move under these conditions is not related to ...	1990	2199460
purification and properties of nadp(+)-dependent glycerol dehydrogenases from aspergillus nidulans and a. niger.	glycerol dehydrogenase, nadp(+)-specific (ec 1.1.1.72), was purified from mycelium of aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus niger using different purification procedures. both enzymes had an mr of approximately 38,000 and were immunologically cross-reactive, but had different amino acid compositions and isoelectric points. for both enzymes, the substrate specificity was limited to glycerol and erythritol for the oxidative reaction and to dihydroxyacetone (dha), diacetyl, methylglyoxal, erythrose ...	1990	2200840
an inversion truncating the crea gene of aspergillus nidulans results in carbon catabolite derepression.	the cread-30 mutation leading to carbon catabolite derepression in aspergillus nidulans is a pericentric inversion, having one breakpoint within the crea gene on the left arm of chromosome i and the other breakpoint between bing and ya on the right arm. the left-arm breakpoint alters the crea transcript. the likelihood that the inversion truncates crea centrally strengthens a previous proposal that derepression is the phenotype of loss-of-function mutations in crea.	1990	2201871
p-fluoro-phenylalanine resistance in aspergillus nidulans diploid cells: evidence that dominant, lethal mutations are involved.	an unexpectedly large number of p-fluoro-phenylalanine (fpa)-resistant mutants have been recovered after uv-irradiation of wild type diploid conidia of aspergillus nidulans. at least five different classes of mutants, possibly corresponding to five different loci, have been identified. two of them may be the dominant loci which have already been described but the others (a minimum of three loci) are completely different. mutations in these loci confer high level fpa resistance in the heterozygou ...	1990	2202526
on the validation of the system of aspergillus for testing environmental aneugens.		1990	2203009
isolation and characterisation of the crna-niia-niad gene cluster for nitrate assimilation in aspergillus nidulans.	genomic clones containing the entire crna-niia-niad gene cluster of aspergillus nidulans have been isolated, and the structures of the niia and niad genes have been determined by nucleotide sequence analysis. this gene cluster is required for the assimilation of nitrate in a. nidulans, and the three genes encode a product required for nitrate uptake and the enzymes, nitrite reductase and nitrate reductase, respectively. the putative coding sequences, as deduced by comparison to cdna clones of bo ...	1990	2205530
screening method for large numbers of dye-adsorbents for enzyme purification.	a method is described by means of which 96 different dye-adsorbents can be tested simultaneously for their ability to bind enzymes and to test their biospecific elution. small amounts of cell-free extract are applied to dye-adsorbents which are packed in a 96-well transplate cartridge. after biospecific elution, the amount of the eluted enzyme is tested in a microtitre plate assay. the method is illustrated by the purification of glycerol dehydrogenase (e.c. 1.1.1.72), 6-phosphogluconate dehydro ...	1990	2205614
a mutation which modifies the activity of a translational suppressor in aspergillus nidulans.	a third type of translational fidelity mutation has been induced in aspergillus nidulans. the new mutation enhances growth, in suppressing conditions, of a strain containing suppressor suac109 and antisuppressor asud14 and is called alob8 for its allosuppressor activity. compared with the progenitor strain (asud14, suac109), ribosomes from the new mutant (alob8, asud14, suac109) increase misincorporation of leucine in a poly(u)-dependent homologous cell-free assay. the misreading level is mainta ...	1990	2207157
isolation and molecular characterization of the aspergillus nidulans wa gene.	the walls of aspergillus nidulans conidia contain a green pigment that protects the spores from damage by ultraviolet light. at least two genes, wa and ya, are required for pigment synthesis: ya mutants produce yellow spores, wa mutants produce white spores, and wa mutations are epistatic to ya mutations. we cloned wa by genetic complementation of the wa3 mutation with a cosmid library containing nuclear dna inserts from the wild-type strain. the wa locus was mapped to an 8.5-10.5-kilobase regio ...	1990	2227390