Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| severe respiratory syncytial virus pulmonary infection in a patient treated with fludarabine for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | fludarabine phosphate is currently proposed for the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll). cd4 t-lymphocyte depletion, myelosuppression, and subsequent severe infections are the major side effects of fludarabine phosphate therapy. we report here on a heretofore undescribed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in a patient with a long-standing history of refractory cll that was treated with fludarabine phosphate. the patient developed a severe infection of the upper an ... | 1998 | 9671138 |
| conversion of a human low-density lipoprotein receptor ligandbinding repeat to a virus receptor: identification of residues important for ligand specificity. | the amino-terminal region of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (ldlr) contains seven imperfect repeats of a cysteine-rich, roughly 40-aa module (ldl-a module) that are critical for apolipoprotein binding. ldl-a modules are found in numerous cell-surface and secreted proteins and are believed to mediate extracellular protein-protein interactions. the cellular receptor for subgroup a rous sarcoma virus (rsv) contains a single ldl-a module that binds the rsv envelope protein and allows viral inf ... | 1998 | 9671701 |
| potent inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication using a 2-5a-antisense chimera targeted to signals within the virus genomic rna. | the 2-5a system is a recognized mechanistic component of the antiviral action of interferon. interferon-induced 2-5a synthetase generates 2-5a, which, in turn, activates the latent constitutive rnase l that degrades viral rna. chemical conjugation of 2-5a to an antisense oligonucleotide can target the 2-5a-dependent rnase l to the antisense-specified rna and effect its selective destruction. such a 2-5a-antisense chimera (nih351) has been developed that targets a consensus sequence within the re ... | 1998 | 9671772 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human bronchial epithelium. | a suitable model for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has yet to be developed. | 1998 | 9677113 |
| differential patterns of circulating adhesion molecules in children with bronchial asthma and acute bronchiolitis. | the object of the study was to assess the levels of circulating forms of the cellular adhesion molecules icam-1, vcam-1, e-selectin, l-selectin and p-selectin in young children with asthma and acute bronchiolitis. thirty-nine children aged 12 to 84 months with mild or moderate asthma were studied at admission for acute asthma (n = 15) or in a stable phase (n = 24). ten of the children with acute asthma were seen again after one month. twenty-two children aged 1 to 17 months with acute bronchioli ... | 1998 | 9677602 |
| abundant ifn-gamma production by local t cells in respiratory syncytial virus-induced eosinophilic lung disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of severe lung disease in young children. primed t cells are required for virus clearance, but are causally implicated in the enhanced pathology seen following rsv infection of some infants and experimental animals vaccinated against the virus. in balb/c mice, vaccination with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the viral attachment protein (g) leads to pulmonary eosinophilia during subsequent infection, which indirect evidence suggests may ... | 1998 | 9680139 |
| using distilled water for the extraction of mucosal antibodies and the subsequent application in rsv neutralization test. | virus neutralization (vn) is an important functional test for evaluating rsv vaccines, also encompassing in mucosal secretion of the respiratory tract considering the infection route. in our previous study, an immunoglobin extraction method described by bergquist et al. was adopted for rsv elisa, but it was not suitable for virus neutralization test due to the cell toxicity of the 2% saponin solution used for the antibody extraction. in order to overcome this problem, several solvents including ... | 1998 | 9682132 |
| immune response to baculovirus expressed protein fragment amino acids 190-289 of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein. | at least two neutralizing epitopes have been identified in the amino acid (aa) sequence 190-289 of the rsv fusion protein. the authors expressed this region in insect cells (bf190-289) and compared the immune response to bf190-289 with that induced by baculovirus expressed full-length fusion protein (bf). as with bf, mice primed with bf190-289 produced exclusively antibodies of igg1 isotype, generated neutralizing antibodies, reduced significantly the virus titer (about a half log10 reduction) a ... | 1998 | 9682369 |
| a bovine model of vaccine enhanced respiratory syncytial virus pathophysiology. | a critical issue has been the observation that vaccination of children with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine is associated with disease enhancement. we have taken advantage of bovine rsv and our experience with this disease in calves to develop a natural model that parallels human disease. using formalin-inactivated bovine rsv vaccine calves were either sham-vaccinated/infected, vaccinated/infected, or vaccinated/sham-infected and their clinical signs, pulmonary f ... | 1998 | 9682383 |
| the upstream, direct repeat sequence of prague a rous sarcoma virus is deficient in mediating efficient gag assembly and particle release. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv) contains two approximately 135-nt imperfect direct repeats composed of smaller repeats, dr1 (approximately 100 nt) and dr2 (approximately 36 nt), that are between the env and src genes and downstream of src in the 3' untranslated region, respectively. it has previously been shown that a prague a rsv mutant in which both dr1 sequences are deleted is defective at several points in the virus life cycle, including unspliced rna and env mrna stability, unspliced rna transport ... | 1998 | 9683574 |
| detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus infections in acute otitis media by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. | to determine the frequencies of human rhinovirus (hrv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and coronavirus (hcv) infection in children with acute otitis media (aom). | 1998 | 9685428 |
| respiratory syncytial virus affects pulmonary function in balb/c mice. | balb/c mice inoculated intranasally with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were studied in a whole-body plethysmograph to determine if signs of respiratory illness similar to those observed in human infants could be detected. also, responsiveness to methacholine was assessed. rsv-infected mice showed significantly higher respiratory rates than did controls (409.2 vs. 305.2 breaths/min, p < .0001). significantly increased airway responsiveness to methacholine was noted, infected mice responding t ... | 1998 | 9466511 |
| relationship of serum antibody to risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly adults. | the relationship of serum antibody to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and risk of rsv infection was prospectively evaluated in frail elderly persons. baseline blood samples from 22 subjects who developed symptomatic rsv infection during the 26-month study and from 22 control subjects who did not become infected with rsv were compared. the mean serum igg titer to rsv fusion protein was significantly lower in the rsv-infected group than in the controls (15.4 +/- 1.6 vs. 16.4 +/- 1.8, p = .05), a ... | 1998 | 9466538 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a purified f protein respiratory syncytial virus (pfp-2) vaccine in seropositive children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes serious respiratory illness in preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. in a prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial, 21 children received one dose of pfp-2 (purified fusion [f] protein) vaccine or influenza vaccine (placebo). children were followed for adverse reactions and rsv illness over two respiratory seasons. sera were obtained for determination of igg titers to rsv f protein and neutralizing antibody titers before and 1, 6, and 12 ... | 1998 | 9466539 |
| c-terminal end of v-src protein interacts with peptide coded by gadd7/adapt15-like rna in two-hybrid system. | the significant differences in the metastatic properties of hamster fibroblasts transformed by the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) were associated with mutations in the v-src carboxy-terminal region. to identify the capacity of this region for protein-protein interaction the two-hybrid system was used. the cdna clone (vseap1), producing the protein specifically bound with the v-src c-terminal part in yeast cells in vivo and in gst-fusion system in vitro was isolated. vseap1 shared 68% of homology with ... | 1998 | 9475174 |
| sp1 binding sites inserted into the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat enhance ltr-driven gene expression. | although the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) long terminal repeat (ltr) is an efficient promoter of transcription, most rsv proviruses are down-regulated upon retroviral integration in non-permissive mammalian cells. among other mechanisms, dna methylation has been shown to be involved in proviral silencing. the presence of sp1 binding sites has been demonstrated to be essential for protection of a cpg island and also non-island dna regions from de novo methylation. also, the presence of these sites in ... | 1998 | 9479051 |
| receptor-triggered membrane association of a model retroviral glycoprotein. | current models of retroviral entry hypothesize that interactions between the viral envelope protein and the host receptor(s) induce conformational changes in the envelope protein that activate the envelope protein and initiate fusion. we employed a liposome-binding assay to demonstrate directly and characterize the activation of a model retroviral envelope protein (enva) from rous sarcoma virus (rsv). in the presence of purified viral receptor, the trimeric ectodomain of enva was converted from ... | 1998 | 9482929 |
| inhibition of terminal differentiation and matrix calcification in cultured avian growth plate chondrocytes by rous sarcoma virus transformation. | endochondral bone formation involves the progression of epiphyseal growth plate chondrocytes through a sequence of developmental stages which include proliferation, differentiation, hypertrophy, and matrix calcification. to study this highly coordinated process, we infected growth plate chondrocytes with rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and studied the effects of rsv transformation on cell proliferation, differentiation, matrix synthesis, and mineralization. the rsv-transformed chondrocytes exhibited a ... | 1998 | 9620171 |
| persistent activation of rela by respiratory syncytial virus involves protein kinase c, underphosphorylated ikappabbeta, and sequestration of protein phosphatase 2a by the viral phosphoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) activated the rela (p65) subunit of nuclear factor kappa b (nf-kappab) over many hours postinfection. the initial activation coincided with phosphorylation and degradation of ikappabalpha, the cytoplasmic inhibitor of rela. during persistent activation of nf-kappab at later times in infection, syntheses of inhibitors ikappabalpha as well as ikappabbeta were restored. however, the resynthesized ikappabbeta was in an underphosphorylated state, which apparently pre ... | 1998 | 9621019 |
| identification of the respiratory syncytial virus proteins required for formation and passage of helper-dependent infectious particles. | we developed a system to identify the viral proteins required for the packaging and passage of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by reconstructing these events with cdna-encoded components. plasmids encoding individual rsv proteins, each under the control of a t7 promoter, were cotransfected in various combinations together with a plasmid containing a minigenome into cells infected with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing t7 rna polymerase. supernatants from these cells were passaged o ... | 1998 | 9621029 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries. | little is known about the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in tropical and developing countries; the data currently available have been reviewed. in most studies, rsv was found to be the predominant viral cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) in childhood, being responsible for 27-96% of hospitalised cases (mean 65%) in which a virus was found. rsv infection is seasonal in most countries; outbreaks occur most frequently in the cold season in areas wi ... | 1998 | 9623927 |
| cytokine expression in pulmonary and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from calves infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the possible involvement of cytokines in the acute viral pneumonia induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was studied in calves. the patterns of cytokine mrna expression in mononuclear cells (mnc) isolated from the lung and peripheral blood of six gnotobiotic calves infected seven days previously with bovine rsv were analysed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for bovine cytokines. the pattern of cytokines detected indicated a mixed type of ... | 1998 | 9625474 |
| reverse transcription of a self-primed retrotransposon requires an rna structure similar to the u5-ir stem-loop of retroviruses. | an inverted repeat (ir) within the u5 region of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) mrna forms a structure composed of a 7-bp stem and a 5-nucleotide (nt) loop. this u5-ir structure has been shown to be required for the initiation of reverse transcription. the mrna of tf1, long terminal repeat-containing retrotransposon from fission yeast (schizosaccharomyces pombe) contains nucleotides with the potential to form a u5-ir stem-loop that is strikingly similar to that of rsv. the putative u5-ir stem-loop ... | 1998 | 9774699 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in older persons. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an increasingly recognized cause of serious disease in older adults. rsv causes excess morbidity and mortality in older persons residing in nursing homes and in the community. the study of rsv in adults has been hampered by the lack of sensitive methods for the diagnosis of acute infections. such tools are needed to better understand the epidemiology and immunology of rsv in adults. the immune status of older adults has begun to be explored and preliminary da ... | 1998 | 9778756 |
| safety and pharmacokinetics of an intramuscular humanized monoclonal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in premature infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. the medi-493 study group. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory disease in infants and children. medi-493 (palivizumab, synagis) is a humanized monoclonal igg1 antibody to the fusion protein of rsv, and it is highly active in vitro against rsv a and b strains. | 1998 | 9779762 |
| helium-oxygen improves clinical asthma scores in children with acute bronchiolitis. | to determine the efficacy of a helium-oxygen mixture in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. | 1998 | 9781732 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection in childhood]. | respiratory syncytial virus is the most frequent cause of respiratory tract infections in infants and is responsible for annual winter epidemics of acute bronchiolitis. over the last decades medical therapy has remained unchanged and controversial, despite intensive research. inhaled bronchodilators are often not effective and should be discontinued if no beneficial response can be documented. steroids and ribavirin are not indicated in previously healthy infants with acute rsv bronchiolitis. th ... | 1998 | 9783360 |
| development of human antibodies against linear antigenic and immunogenic regions of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nucleocapsid and phospho-proteins shows the site-directed characteristics. | the successful development of an rsv vaccine requires a better understanding of the pathogenesis of primary infection, susceptibility to reinfection, and the immunopathology of enhanced illness in children immunized with a non-replicating rsv candidate vaccine. the exact role of different immune parameters in rsv pathogenesis remains controversial. | 1998 | 9785215 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants and children with congenital heart disease. the cardiac study group. | to examine the effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin administered intravenously (rsv-igiv) in reducing hospitalization for treatment of rsv in children with congenital heart disease (chd). | 1998 | 9787686 |
| respiratory syncytial virus induces the expression of 5-lipoxygenase and endothelin-1 in bronchial epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes and exacerbates asthma, yet the mechanism by which rsv triggers asthma is poorly understood. herein, an in vitro model of rsv infection was established using hep-2 and beas-2b bronchial epithelial cell lines, and the expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-lo), and endothelin-1 (et-1) was examined. rsv infection increased the expression of 5-lo mrna and protein in both cell lines, as detected by rt-pcr and western blot analysis, respectively. the levels ... | 1998 | 9790973 |
| prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections: indications for the use of palivizumab and update on the use of rsv-igiv. american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases and committee of fetus and newborn. | the food and drug administration recently approved the use of palivizumab (pal-vizh-mäb), an intramuscularly administered monoclonal antibody preparation. recommendations for its use are based on a large, randomized study demonstrating a 55% reduction in the risk of hospitalization attributable to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in high-risk pediatric patients. infants and children with chronic lung disease (cld), formerly designated bronchopulmonary dysplasia, as well as prematurel ... | 1998 | 9794957 |
| respiratory viral infections in the elderly in a nursing home. | the purpose of this study was to investigate what viruses infiltrate into our nursing home, assess the related clinical symptoms in elderly subjects, and compare the incidence of infections with those in the general community. between july 1994 and june 1995, 40 elderly persons dwelling in the nursing home were evaluated by clinical observation, serologic analysis, and viral culture of samples to determine the presence of viruses. enteroviruses and herpes simplex i virus could be isolated from a ... | 1998 | 9796185 |
| protective cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses against paramyxoviruses induced by epitope-based dna vaccines: involvement of ifn-gamma. | plasmid dna vectors have been constructed with minigenes encoding a single cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) epitope from either the m2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or from the nucleoprotein of measles virus (mv) with or without a signal sequence (also called secretory or leader sequence). following intradermal immunization, plasmids in which the ctl epitopes were expressed in-frame with the signal sequence were more effective at inducing peptide- and virus-specific ctl responses than ... | 1998 | 9796910 |
| role of mycoplasma pneumoniae in acute respiratory-tract infections in saudi paediatric patients. | the role of mycoplasma pneumoniae and viruses in the various clinical presentations of acute respiratory-tract infection (arti) was studied in saudi children seen at king khalid university hospital (kkuh) between january 1995 and january 1996. the study population comprised 511 children (age < 14 years) of both sexes. nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) and acute-phase sera were collected. convalescent sera were only available from 334 of the patients (with an interval of 15-42 days between collectio ... | 1998 | 9797833 |
| a comparison of il-2 levels in nasopharyngeal and endotracheal aspirates of babies with respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | cytokines such as il-2 are thought to be important in the pathogenesis of respiratory tract inflammation. cytokine levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) have been used as a measure of respiratory inflammation in children with viral infections, but it is unclear whether they reflect levels in the lower respiratory tract. | 1998 | 9802370 |
| genetic determinants of rous sarcoma virus particle size. | the gag proteins of retroviruses are the only viral products required for the release of membrane-enclosed particles by budding from the host cell. particles released when these proteins are expressed alone are identical to authentic virions in their rates of budding, proteolytic processing, and core morphology, as well as density and size. we have previously mapped three very small, modular regions of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) gag protein that are necessary for budding. these assembly domain ... | 1998 | 9420260 |
| prophylactic administration of a complementarity-determining region derived from a neutralizing monoclonal antibody is effective against respiratory syncytial virus infection in balb/c mice. | immunotherapy with antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a treatment option given the absence of any vaccine or other available satisfactory treatment. we selected one of our monoclonal antibodies, rs-348, that is highly neutralizing. we showed that a single peptide (pep3h) derived from complementarity-determining region 3 (cdr3) of its heavy chain was capable of neutralizing the virus in vitro. when intranasally administered 24 h before challenge, this peptide protected balb/c ... | 1998 | 9420291 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of neonatal monocytes stimulates synthesis of interferon regulatory factor 1 and interleukin-1beta (il-1beta)-converting enzyme and secretion of il-1beta. | interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) production in response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was investigated in normal neonate monocytes. intracellular or culture supernatant il-1beta protein levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay. the expression of mrnas for interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf-1), il-1beta-converting enzyme (ice), and il-1beta in the cells was analyzed semiquantitatively by reverse transcriptase-pcr. before rsv exposure, some irf-1, ice, and il-1beta transcripts were already e ... | 1998 | 9420296 |
| pharmacological expression in rat hepatocytes of a gene transferred by an adenovirus vector enabled by a chimeric promoter containing multiple cyclic adenosine monophosphate response elements. | using the adenovirus vector adcf126(cre8).luc to deliver an expression cassette containing multiple cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) response elements driving the luciferase reporter gene, this study is directed toward evaluating the possibility of controlling genes transferred to the liver using pharmacological agents that raise hepatocyte camp levels. infection of primary rat hepatocytes with adcf126(cre8).luc yielded a low level of luciferase activity that was enhanced 16-fold by the add ... | 1998 | 9425932 |
| characterization of the dna-binding domain of the avian y-box protein, chkyb-2, and mutational analysis of its single-strand binding motif in the rous sarcoma virus enhancer. | chkyb-2 is a sequence-specific, single-stranded dna binding chicken y-box protein that promotes rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat (rsv ltr)-driven transcription in avian fibroblasts. the dna-binding domain of chkyb-2 has been mapped by characterizing the dna binding properties of purified recombinant chkyb-2 mutant polypeptides. the data indicate that the invariant cold shock domain (csd) is necessary but not sufficient for association with dna and suggest that another conserved region, ad ... | 1998 | 9444981 |
| the major site of phosphorylation within the rous sarcoma virus ma protein is not required for replication. | about one-third of the ma protein in rous sarcoma virus (rsv) is phosphorylated. previous analyses of this fraction have suggested that serine residues 68 and 106 are the major sites of phosphorylation. as a follow-up to that study, we have characterized mutants which have these putative phosphorylation sites changed to alanine, either separately or together. none of the substitutions (s68a, s106a, or s68/106a) had an effect on the budding efficiency or infectivity of the virus. upon examination ... | 1998 | 9445005 |
| the ns1 protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is a potent inhibitor of minigenome transcription and rna replication. | the ns1 protein (139 amino acids) is one of the two nonstructural proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and is encoded by a very abundant mrna transcribed from the promoter-proximal rsv gene. the function of ns1 was unknown and was investigated here by using a reconstituted transcription and rna replication system that involves a minireplicon and viral proteins (n, p, l and m2-1) expressed from separate cotransfected plasmids. coexpression of the ns1 cdna strongly inhibited transcr ... | 1998 | 9445048 |
| essential roles of nf-kappab and c/ebp in the regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after respiratory syncytial virus infection of human respiratory epithelial cell cultures. | to determine the molecular mechanism(s) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) upregulation in respiratory epithelial cells (rec; a549 cell cultures), we investigated the roles of the transcription factors nf-kappab and c/ebp. increases in icam-1 message required de novo mrna synthesis. icam-1 promoter constructs (luciferase reporter gene) transfected into a549 monolayers demonstrated promoter activation following rsv infection. activation was abo ... | 1998 | 9445067 |
| targeting type ii and clara cells for adenovirus-mediated gene transfer using the surfactant protein b promoter. | we examined the ability of the human surfactant protein b (sp-b) promoter to confer cell specificity of transgene expression in an adenoviral vector. using similar replication-deficient adenoviruses (rad), we compared lacz reporter gene expression driven by the human sp-b promoter (rad.spblacz) with the ubiquitously expressed rous sarcoma virus promoter (rad.rsvlacz). rad.spblacz expressed lacz in h-441 and a549 lung epithelial cell lines and not in hela cells whereas rad.rsvlacz expressed in al ... | 1998 | 9448040 |
| reduction of respiratory syncytial virus titer in the lungs of mice after intranasal immunization with a chimeric peptide consisting of a single ctl epitope linked to a fusion peptide. | in the work described here, the effect of intranasal immunization of balb/c mice with synthetic chimeric peptides consisting of a cytotoxic t-cell epitope (amino acids 81-95) from the m2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and a fusion peptide (amino acids 113-131) from the f1 protein of measles virus on response to challenge with rsv has been assessed. three intranasal immunizations with the chimeric peptides without adjuvant induce peptide- and rsv-specific cytotoxic t-cell responses ... | 1998 | 9454711 |
| a new polyoxometalate complex inhibits retrovirus encoded reverse transcriptase activity in vitro and in vivo. | we examined the recently synthesized and characterized polyoxometalate compound (nh4)10[co2sb2w20 o70(h2o)6] (pom1). the inhibitory potency of pom1 was studied in tissue culture experiments with uninfected and rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) in vivo. we measured a considerable decrease in total cellular phosphotyrosine content in treated infected cells in vivo. pom1 treatment of sr-rsv-a infected cef in vivo resulted in decreased pp60v-src activity, possibly du ... | 1998 | 9454899 |
| de novo methylation of selective cpg dinucleotide clusters in transformed cells mediated by an activated n-ras. | we have explored a possible role of an activated n-ras oncogene in aberrant methylation of cpg clusters in dnas of transformed cells. using three lines of hamster cells transformed by rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and the method of detection of cpg islands as clustered sites for methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes we have demonstrated that in each cell line the transcribed rsv proviruses are integrated in the vicinity of sequence containing the cluster of unmethylated cpg dinucleotides. two out ... | 1998 | 9454906 |
| a peptide mimic of a protective epitope of respiratory syncytial virus selected from a combinatorial library induces virus-neutralizing antibodies and reduces viral load in vivo. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children worldwide. as yet, there is no effective vaccine against rsv infection, and previous attempts to develop a formalin-inactivated vaccine resulted in exacerbated disease in recipients subsequently exposed to the virus. in the work described here, a combinatorial solid-phase peptide library was screened with a protective monoclonal antibody (mab 19) to identify peptide mimics ( ... | 1998 | 9499058 |
| autocrine regulation and experimental modulation of interleukin-6 expression by human pulmonary epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | the mechanisms of regulation of interleukin-6 (il-6) production in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected respiratory epithelial cells were evaluated in a549 cell cultures. incubation with purified rsv resulted in significant production of il-1alpha, il-1beta, il-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha). addition of saturating concentrations of neutralizing antibodies against il-1alpha, il-1beta, or tnf-alpha into purified rsv-infected cell cultures resulted in a significant inhibition ... | 1998 | 9499112 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus a and b and parainfluenzavirus 3 sequences in respiratory tracts of infants by a single pcr with primers targeted to the l-polymerase gene and differential hybridization. | a reverse transcription-pcr and hybridization-enzyme immunoassay (rt-pcr-eia) has been developed to identify the major agents of bronchiolitis in infants: respiratory syncytial viruses a and b (rsva and rsvb) and parainfluenzavirus 3 (piv3). two primer sets (p1-p2 and p1-p3) were selected in a conserved region of the polymerase l gene. in infected cell cultures, this method detected rsva (n = 14), rsvb (n = 13), and piv3 (n = 13), with the exclusion of piv1 (n = 4), piv2 (n = 3), measles virus ( ... | 1998 | 9508315 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult bmt recipients: effective therapy with short duration nebulised ribavirin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a common cause of both upper and lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infants and children, is rarely described as an infective agent in adults. it has been reported in bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients and patients with malignancy immunosuppressed by chemotherapy. such reports are often associated with a high mortality. we report an outbreak of rsv infection which occurred predominantly in bmt recipients in which early investigation and institutio ... | 1998 | 9509980 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated infections in adult recipients of solid organ transplants. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is known to cause severe pulmonary infections in bone marrow transplant recipients, less is known concerning its clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment in solid organ transplant recipients. | 1998 | 9513859 |
| cis elements and trans-acting factors required for minus strand dna transfer during reverse transcription of the genomic rna of murine leukemia virus. | during reverse transcription of the retroviral genomic rna, two obligatory dna strand transfers take place to synthesize the complete proviral dna with two ltrs. we have previously shown that using an in vitro system made up of two viral rnas mimicking the 5' and 3' regions of the retroviral genome, both nucleocapsid protein and the repeat (r) sequences were necessary for minus strong-stop cdna (ss-cdna) transfer and elongation by reverse transcriptase (rt). in this paper we show that the basic ... | 1998 | 9514748 |
| monoclonal antibody neutralization escape mutants of respiratory syncytial virus with unique alterations in the attachment (g) protein. | five monoclonal antibody (mab) neutralization escape mutants of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were produced by growing the long strain rsv (group a virus) in the presence of a neutralizing, group cross-reactive mab specific for the attachment protein (g). four viruses (rsv-2, -6, -14 and -15) had amino acid replacements clustered within a highly conserved centrally located 13 amino acid region (position 164-176). reactivity with group a-specific mabs and with polyclonal anti-g serum was main ... | 1998 | 9519826 |
| structural basis for specificity of retroviral proteases. | the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) protease s9 variant has been engineered to exhibit high affinity for hiv-1 protease substrates and inhibitors in order to verify the residues deduced to be critical for the specificity differences. the variant has 9 substitutions (s38t, i42d, i44v, m73v, a100l, v104t, r105p, g106v, and s107n) of structurally equivalent residues from hiv-1 protease. unlike the wild-type enzyme, rsv s9 protease hydrolyzes peptides representing the hiv-1 protease polyprotein cleavage si ... | 1998 | 9521772 |
| acute otitis media in children with bronchiolitis. | we investigated the prevalence and the etiology of acute otitis media (aom) in children with bronchiolitis to determine whether aom in such children is due entirely or mainly to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), in which case routine antimicrobial treatment would not be appropriate. | 1998 | 9521943 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin and monoclonal antibodies in the prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is particularly severe in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) and in premature infants without bpd. attempts to develop a vaccine against rsv have been unsuccessful. passive immunoprophylaxis of premature infants with or without bpd using a hyperimmune human globulin against rsv (rsvig) decreases the severity of rsv infection such that the rate of hospitalization following infection is reduced by 40%. the severity of illness among hospitalize ... | 1998 | 9523402 |
| priming with secreted glycoprotein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) augments interleukin-5 production and tissue eosinophilia after rsv challenge. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g glycoprotein promotes differentiation of type 2 cd4+ t lymphocytes and induces an eosinophilic response in lungs of rsv-infected mice. a unique feature of g is that a second initiation codon in the transmembrane region of the glycoprotein results in secretion of soluble protein from infected cells. recombinant vaccinia viruses that express wild-type g (vvwt g), only secreted g (vvm48), or only membrane-anchored g (vvm48i) were used to define the influence ... | 1998 | 9525607 |
| passive protection of gnotobiotic calves using monoclonal antibodies directed at different epitopes on the fusion protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | two neutralizing, fusion-inhibiting bovine monoclonal antibodies (mabs; b4 and b13) directed at different epitopes on the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) protected the lungs of gnotobiotic calves from rsv infection. the mabs were administered intratracheally 24 h before the calves were challenged with bovine rsv. a third, nonneutralizing, non-fusion-inhibiting but complement-fixing mab, b1, provided no significant protection against infection, and the disease was not exacerba ... | 1998 | 9534958 |
| isolation of a second recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody fragment (fab rsvf2-5) that exhibits therapeutic efficacy in vivo. | a second human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-neutralizing monoclonal antibody was isolated and its binding site was identified. fab f2-5 is a broadly reactive fusion (f) protein-specific recombinant fab generated by antigen selection from a random combinatorial library displayed on the surface of filamentous phage. in an in vitro plaque-reduction test, the fab rsvf2-5 neutralized the infectivity of a variety of field isolates representing viruses of both rsv subgroups a and b. the fab recogn ... | 1998 | 9534985 |
| sequential annual administration of purified fusion protein vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus in children with cystic fibrosis. | we recently showed the clinical benefit of the pfp-2 vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) for children with cystic fibrosis (cf). | 1998 | 9535249 |
| the clinical spectrum of respiratory syncytial virus disease in the gambia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a well-recognized cause of lower respiratory tract infections in early childhood in industrialized countries, but less is known about rsv infection in developing countries. | 1998 | 9535250 |
| international variation in the management of infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus. international rsv study group. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of hospitalization among infants. to compare patient management in europe, the united states, and australia, we analyzed the charts of 1,563 pediatric patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed rsv lower respiratory infections during recent rsv seasons. half of patients had been seen initially as outpatients. median duration of hospitalization was 4 days in australia, finland, the united kingdom, and the united states, and 8 or 9 days in ... | 1998 | 9537488 |
| identification of a conserved neutralization site in the first heptad repeat of the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | a large set of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the fusion glycoprotein complex f1f2 of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and several polyclonal sera from infected or vaccinated animals were tested in pepscan to locate linear epitopes on the f-protein. the polyclonal sera mapped to antigenic sites that correspond exactly to known antigenic sites on the f protein of human rsv. only the neutralizing mab 3 could be mapped with pepscan. mab 3 reacted with three successive overla ... | 1998 | 9541615 |
| hospitalization for lower respiratory disease during 20 yrs among under 5 yr old children in stockholm county: a population based survey. | lower respiratory disease (lrd) is a common cause of hospitalization in infants, and episodes of obstructive lrd increase the risk for asthma later in life. the purpose of this study was to assess time trends and geographical variation of first time hospitalization for lrd among children in stockholm county, sweden. data on first time admittance for lrd among children aged up to 5 yrs from 1973 through 1992 were obtained from the stockholm county council hospital discharge register, and populati ... | 1998 | 9551740 |
| the effect of il-12 treatment on vaccine-enhanced illness during infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | in humans and mice, sensitisation to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigens can result in severe inflammatory lung disease during subsequent infection with the virus. although specific antiviral t cells are thought to be responsible for this augmentation of disease, the precise role of different functional subsets is unknown. balb/c mice sensitised to the major surface glycoprotein (g) of rsv expressed by recombinant vaccinia virus develop th2-driven lung eosinophilia after intranasal challe ... | 1998 | 9554273 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus rna in blood of neonates by polymerase chain reaction. | during the winter season of 1994/1995, nasopharyngeal aspirates and blood samples of neonates who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) (group 1) and infants with respiratory tract disease (group 2) were examined prospectively for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). examination of nasal washes were done by antigen detection and blood samples were tested by nested reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the results of the 41 neonates studied ... | 1998 | 9557299 |
| recombinant vaccinia virus coexpressing the f protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and interleukin-4 (il-4) does not inhibit the development of rsv-specific memory cytotoxic t lymphocytes, whereas priming is diminished in the presence of high levels of il-2 or gamma interferon. | in order to investigate if immune responses to the fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) could be influenced by cytokines, recombinant vaccinia viruses (rvv) carrying both the f gene of rsv and the gene for murine interleukin-2 (il-2), il-4, or gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) were constructed. in vitro characterization of rvv revealed that insertion of the cytokine gene into the vp37 locus of the vaccinia virus genome resulted in 100- to 1,000-fold higher expression than insertion ... | 1998 | 9557697 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bearing a set of mutations from cold-passaged rsv is attenuated in chimpanzees. | a set of five missense mutations previously identified by nucleotide sequence analysis of subgroup a cold-passaged (cp) respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been introduced into a recombinant wild-type strain of rsv. this recombinant virus, designated ra2cp, appears to replicate less efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of seronegative chimpanzees than either biologically derived or recombinant wild-type rsv. infection with ra2cp also resulted in significantly less rhinorrhea a ... | 1998 | 9557743 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of human alveolar epithelial cells enhances interferon regulatory factor 1 and interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme gene expression but does not cause apoptosis. | the induction kinetics of the transcriptional activities of interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf-1), interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (ice), and cpp32 by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of human type ii alveolar epithelial cells (a549 cells) were analyzed semiquantitatively by reverse transcriptase pcr. the appearance of ice and cpp32 protein in cell lysate was examined by western blotting analysis. the induction of apoptosis by rsv infection was examined by the appearance of dna f ... | 1998 | 9557748 |
| a number-needed-to-treat analysis of the use of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin to prevent hospitalization. | to estimate how many infants in selected high-risk subgroups would require treatment with respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin (rsv-ig) to avoid 1 hospital admission and to determine whether this is economically justified. | 1998 | 9559712 |
| cohorting of infants with respiratory syncytial virus. | during two winter periods (1994-1995 and 1995-1996), nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from infants and young children with an acute respiratory illness, after initial assessment in an area with six cubicles which serves as an admissions unit. aspirates were sent for rapid diagnostic testing. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) positive patients were cohorted into two six-bedded bays on the paediatric wards. over the two successive winter periods studied, 347 rsv positive patients were assign ... | 1998 | 9561471 |
| structural homology of the central conserved region of the attachment protein g of respiratory syncytial virus with the fourth subdomain of 55-kda tumor necrosis factor receptor. | the attachment protein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has a modular architecture. the ectodomain of the protein comprises a small folded conserved region which is bounded by two mucin-like regions. in this study, a sequence and structural homology is described between this central conserved region of rsv-g and the fourth subdomain of the 55-kda tumor necrosis factor receptor (tnfr). the three-dimensional structures of rsv-g and human tnfr were previously determined with nmr spectroscopy ... | 1998 | 9568029 |
| intradermal immunization with a bovine herpesvirus-1 dna vaccine induces protective immunity in cattle. | although intramuscular (i.m.) injection of dna encoding glycoprotein d (gd) of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) induces immune responses in cattle, this route of delivery is inefficient. here we assessed three parameters that may enhance the efficacy of a gd dna vaccine in cattle. first, the immune response generated by i.m. injected plasmid expressing a secreted form of gd (tgd) was determined and found to be very similar in magnitude to the response induced by gd-expressing plasmid. secondly, gd- ... | 1998 | 9568979 |
| particle size determinants in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag protein. | the retroviral gag protein plays the central role in the assembly process and can form membrane-enclosed, virus-like particles in the absence of any other viral products. these particles are similar to authentic virions in density and size. three small domains of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) gag protein have been previously identified as being important for budding. regions that lie outside these domains can be deleted without any effect on particle release or density. however ... | 1998 | 9573230 |
| cell-specific expression of rantes, mcp-1, and mip-1alpha by lower airway epithelial cells and eosinophils infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of acute bronchiolitis in infancy, a syndrome characterized by wheezing, respiratory distress, and the pathologic findings of peribronchial mononuclear cell infiltration and release of inflammatory mediators by basophil and eosinophil leukocytes. composition and activation of this cellular response are thought to rely on the discrete target cell selectivity of c-c chemokines. we demonstrate that infection in vitro of human epithelial cells of ... | 1998 | 9573240 |
| the major component of ikappabalpha proteolysis occurs independently of the proteasome pathway in respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells. | previously we showed that infection of human type ii airway epithelial (a549) cells with purified respiratory syncytial virus (prsv) induced interleukin-8 transcription by a mechanism involving cytokine-inducible cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation of the rela transcription factor. in unstimulated cells, rela is tethered in the cytoplasm by association with the ikappab inhibitor and can be released only following ikappab degradation. in this study, we examined the spectrum of ikappab isoform expre ... | 1998 | 9573251 |
| sustaining membership lecture award. dogma, the shade that blinds. | at the heart of medical science is the responsibility for investigators and practitioners to use the scientific method to seek and apply new knowledge to better understand the mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. at times it is difficult to differentiate hypothesis or speculation from documented fact. this essay describes an episode in human biology and medicine in which authoritative speculation evolved into dogma and impeded investigators' proper interpretation of data ... | 1998 | 9575775 |
| risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus associated apnoea. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are characterized by upper or lower respiratory tract symptoms including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. apnoea may be the first sign of disease in children with rsv infection. the aims of this study were the identification of independent risk factors for rsv associated apnoea and the prediction of the risk for mechanical ventilation in children with rsv associated apnoea. medical records of children younger than 12 months of age admitted with rsv infect ... | 1998 | 9578972 |
| bradyarrhythmia and supraventricular tachycardia in a neonate with rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus infection is the most common cause of hospital admissions in children under 1 year of age. various cardiac dysrrhythmias have been reported to be associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection. we report a case where both tachyarrhythmia and bradyarrhythmia occurred within the same illness. paediatricians need to be aware of this association. | 1998 | 9588650 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells induce eosinophil degranulation by a cd18-mediated mechanism. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis in infants is characterized by wheezing, respiratory distress, and the histologic findings of necrosis and sloughing of airway epithelium. high concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ecp), a cytotoxic protein contained in the granules of eosinophils, have been found in the airways of rsv-infected infants. the mechanisms of eosinophil degranulation in vivo remain largely unknown. since rsv-infected respiratory epithelial cells are a ... | 1998 | 9590236 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-immunoglobulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) for respiratory syncytial viral infections: part ii. | 1998 | 9592442 | |
| activator protein-1 is the preferred transcription factor for cooperative interaction with nuclear factor-kappab in respiratory syncytial virus-induced interleukin-8 gene expression in airway epithelium. | the role of "oxidant-sensitive" transcription factors activator protein (ap)-1, nuclear factor (nf)-kappab, and nf-il6 in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced interleukin (il)-8 gene expression in a549 epithelial cells was evaluated. rsv infection resulted in increased binding of each of these transcription factors. transfection of a549 cells with plasmids containing serial truncations of the 5'-flanking region of the il-8 gene revealed a positive cooperative effect of the binding sites for ... | 1998 | 9593012 |
| high prevalence of "simkania z," a novel chlamydia-like bacterium, in infants with acute bronchiolitis. | the newly described microorganism "simkania z" ("z"), an obligate intracellular, penicillin-resistant microorganism most closely related to the chlamydiae, has been associated with adult community-acquired pneumonia. the possible involvement of "z" in bronchiolitis in infants was examined in a prospective study of 239 infants with bronchiolitis and 78 controls. other potential etiologic agents sought were respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), adenovirus, and cytomegalovirus. evidence for the presen ... | 1998 | 9593040 |
| continuous non-seasonal epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the southeast united states. | this study was done to define the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) epidemics in the southeastern united states. | 1998 | 9598849 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants hospitalized with respiratory illness in northern jordan. | during the winter seasons of 1993 and 1994, a total of 256 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) from infants aged less than 1 year old admitted to the pediatric ward of princess rahma hospital, northern jordan, with bronchiolitis and/or pneumonia, were tested for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) and cell culture (cc). of the 256 specimens, 129 (50 per cent) were found positive by both dfa and cc, whereas 24 specimens (9 per cent) and 16 spec ... | 1998 | 9604597 |
| viral aetiology and epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized saudi children. | a total of 1429 saudi children of either sex and under 5 years of age who were admitted to king khalid university hospital, riyadh during a three year period (april 1993-march 1996) with complaints suggestive of acute respiratory tract infections (arti) were investigated for viral aetiology of the infection. viruses could be detected in 522 (37 per cent) cases with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) the most commonly detected (79 per cent) followed by parainfluenza type 3 (8 per cent). detection ... | 1998 | 9604599 |
| adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir gene therapy in patients with localized malignancy: results of a phase i clinical trial in malignant mesothelioma. | malignant pleural mesothelioma is a fatal neoplasm that is unresponsive to standard modalities of cancer therapy. we conducted a phase i dose-escalation clinical trial of adenoviral (ad)-mediated intrapleural herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsvtk)/ganciclovir (gcv) gene therapy in patients with mesothelioma as a model for treatment of a localized malignancy. the goals of this phase i trial were to assess the safety, toxicity, and maximally tolerated dose of intrapleural ad.hsvtk, to exami ... | 1998 | 9607419 |
| recombinant human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin/rnase 2 functions as an effective antiviral agent against respiratory syncytial virus. | a dose-dependent decrease in infectivity was observed on introduction of eosinophils into suspensions of respiratory syncytial virus group b (rsv-b). this antiviral effect was reversed by ribonuclease inhibitor, suggesting a role for the eosinophil secretory ribonucleases. recombinant eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (rhedn), the major eosinophil ribonuclease, promoted a dose-dependent decrease in rsv-b infectivity, with a 40-fold reduction observed in response to 50 nm rhedn. ribonucleolytically i ... | 1998 | 9607820 |
| eliminating a region of respiratory syncytial virus attachment protein allows induction of protective immunity without vaccine-enhanced lung eosinophilia. | in a murine model of respiratory syncytial virus disease, prior sensitization to the attachment glycoprotein (g) leads to pulmonary eosinophilia and enhanced illness. three different approaches were taken to dissect the region of g responsible for enhanced disease and protection against challenge. first, mutant viruses, containing frameshifts that altered the cooh terminus of the g protein, were used to challenge mice sensitized by scarification with recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv) expressing w ... | 1998 | 9607931 |
| cl387626 exhibits marked and unusual antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus in tissue culture and in cotton rats. | cl387626 (4,4'-bis[4,6-di[3-aminophenyl-n,n-bis(2-carbamoylethyl)-sulfon ilimino]-1,3,5-triazine-2-ylamino-bi-phenyl-2,2'-disulfonic acid, disodium salt), a compound synthesized by wyeth-ayerst research laboratories, was tested for its cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in tissue culture and in cotton rats. the median cell inhibitory (ic50) and median efficacious (ec50) concentrations of cl387626 against rsv in proliferating hep2 or vero tissue culture ... | 1998 | 9614002 |
| the efficacy of adenovirus-mediated gene therapy of ovarian cancer is enhanced by using the cytomegalovirus promoter. | the cytomegalovirus(cmv) promoter is considered one of the strongest positive regulators. in this study toxicity, cell killing efficacy and bystander effect of rous sarcoma virus(rsv) driven herpes simplex thymidine kinase(tk) gene therapy was compared with cmv driven tk gene therapy in three ovarian cancer cell lines with different growth patterns using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyl tetra-zolium bromide (mtt) based assay. adv/cmv-tk was shown to be 2 to 10 times more effective in tumor ... | 1998 | 9615711 |
| mixed respiratory viral infections in estonia: a long-term laboratory study. | during the period of 1981-1997, a total of 13,110 patients with acute respiratory viral infections were tested simultaneously for influenza virus a and b, parainfluenza, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. of 3,800 laboratory-confirmed cases mixed infections were established in average in 27%. the incidence varied in dependence on the season between 12% and 36%. all infections were involved in mixed infections, yet their participation greatly varied in different seasons. ... | 1998 | 10358749 |
| -prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection-. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for annual outbreaks of severe respiratory disease among infants. its prevention has been considered for many years but the first vaccination trials resulted in diseases of increased severity. new vaccines are in progress with promising results, although their efficacy in the presence of maternal antibodies, and their tolerance in very young babies, remain to be demonstrated. concerning passive immunization, intravenous anti-rsv immunoglobulins ha ... | 1998 | 10328005 |
| [is the use of ribavirin aerosols in respiratory syncytial virus infections justified? clinical and economic evaluation]. | the controversy about the use of ribavirin aerosol for children at risk (cardiopathy, pneumopathy, premature and immunodeficient patients), in case of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, led us to stop its prescription in 1993 and study prospectively the patients admitted during the following winters. | 1998 | 10223131 |
| [antiviral and antibacterial actions of bingduqing granules in vitro]. | the antiviral and antibacterial actions in vitro of bingduqing granules which consists of nine kinds of chinese traditional medicinal herbs were observed. the results showed that the inhibitive concentrations of bingduqing granules for adv-7, rsv, hsv-1, and influenza virus a3, were >-6.9, 8.3, 13.8 and 83 mg x ml-1, respectively; while the minimum inhibitive concentrations for staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, type a and b streptococci, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were 0.03125, ... | 1998 | 10681846 |
| lower airway disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children. most infections due to rsv are mild and do not require hospitalization. rsv causes both upper respiratory tract infections as well as lower respiratory tract infections. infants with underlying disease states like bronchopulmonary dyslasia, congenital heart disease and prematurity appear more prone to develop severe infection and have a higher incidence of hospitalization. ... | 1998 | 10771985 |
| subgroup determination of respiratory syncytial virus by rt-pcr. | pcr optimization for differentiation of rsv subgroup a (rt-pcr-1) and rsv subgroup b (rt-pcr-2) were developed. various conditions of rt-pcr-1 and rt-pcr-2 were summarized. these methods are highly specific and sensitive to differentiate rsv subgroup a and rsv subgroup b from the other respiratory viruses. | 1998 | 10772559 |
| effect of ozone on susceptibility to respiratory viral infection and virus-induced cytokine secretion. | airway epithelium is the primary target tissue for respiratory viruses as well as an important target of ozone (o(3)) toxicity. a change in the severity of viral airway infection may result from changes in epithelial cell susceptibility to infection, metabolic interference with viral replication, or altered production of immune regulatory molecules by the infected cells as a result of exposure to o(3). in this study we have investigated whether o(3) exposure alters the susceptibility of human ai ... | 1998 | 21781902 |
| vaccination against middle-ear bacterial and viral pathogens. | considerable evidence suggests that otitis media (om) can be prevented by systemic immunization. building on the highly effective h. influenzae type b (hib) conjugate vaccine technology, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are being developed to circumvent t-independence of these antigens and provide durable immunity at a very young age. several pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are currently in clinical testing. potential vaccine antigens of nontypable h. influenzae (nthi) include omp, hmw, pili, and ... | 1997 | 9616694 |