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variation among strains of type a foot-and-mouth disease virus in the eastern mediterranean region 1964-1972.variants of type a fmd virus from the eastern mediterranean region over the years 1964-72 have been shown to belong to a group distinct from the western european strains as represented by a5 westerwald. this group appears to derive from the a22 strain first recognized in 1964 and indicates the possibility of new strains supplanting old in the field.1975172558
[electron microscopy demonstration of fibrillar structures in the foot-and-mouth disease virus].purified fmd virus was heat treated and then examined by electron microscopy with the negative contrast technique. fibrils of varying length and thickness were present; they were not present after ribonuclease treatment. they were similar to the fibrils described for other picornaviruses. viral rna was the essential component of these artificially arranged fibrils, which were composed of threads about 10 a wide, separated from one another by a gap of about 10 a.1975173250
[structure of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. 2. various physical and chemical properties of the 12s components].the 12s units were purified by heat treatment and acidification of purified, highly-concentrated virus, with separation of viral rna by gel filtration. the following physical parameters were obtained: - partial specific volume 0.737 +/- 0.020 g/cm3; diffusion soefficient d020,w = 3.96 +/- 0.24 f; sedimentation coefficient s020,w = 12.1 +/- 0.5s; molecular weight 283,00 +/- 30,000 dalton; refraction increment (determined by ultracentrifugation) was dn/dc = 0.189 +/- 0.010 cm3/g for white light of ...1975173253
[immunobiological properties of strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus multiplying in cell cultures]. 1975174272
[sensitivity of cells of the transplanted sheep kidney line to foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 1975174273
[determination of the subtype membership of the epizootic foot-and-mouth disease virus by means of the agar gel diffusion test].comparative studies were carried out by means of the agar gel-diffusion technique (agdt) to establish the antigenic identity between the epizootic foot-and-mouth disease strain (the nch/73 representative strain) and the standard viruses of type a. the epizootic strain was found to belong to the subtype group a5. discussed is the usefulness of agdt in determining the antigenic relations between the foot-and-mouth disease viruses.1975174281
[cytological characteristics of a bovine kidney cell culture chronically infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (author's transl)].a virus-carrier state was observed in the process of subcultivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected calf kidney cell culture. cytologically, the chronically infected culture differed from the control culture by the presence of a large number of syncytial cells which did not die in acute infection because of poor susceptibility to the virus. chronic infection appeared to be maintained by occasionaly polygonal cells which retained the initial sesceptiblity to foot-and-mouth disease virus. ...1975174327
[effectiveness of a regime for the pasteurization of milk contaminated with the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 1975175542
[production of highly active hyperimmune sera against the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 1975175551
[new cell lines and the adaptation of the foot-and-mouth disease virus to them]. 1975175552
[persistence of the foot-and-mouth disease virus in experimentally infected jackdaws]. 1975175553
[differences in the antigenic structure of strains of the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 19744143073
[detection of antibody-forming cells by means of local hemolysis in gel (lhg) in mice and pigs after immunization with infectious or inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus (author's transl)]. 19744143236
antigenic variation of venezuelan strains of foot and mouth disease viruses. 19744143492
[demonstration of antibody-synthesizing cells in mice and swine by means of local hemolysis in gel following immunization with foot-and-mouth disease virus and vaccine]. 19744154623
metabolic studies on heart of unweaned rabbits infected with foot-and mouth disease virus. 19744154715
the detection of foot-and mouth disease virus antigens in infected cell cultures by immuno-peroxidase techniques. 19744362406
sodium dodecylsulfate-dependent anomalies in gel electrophoresis: alterations in the banding patterns of foot-and-mouth disease virus polypeptides. 19744363849
proceedings: the immunizing potency of foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines for swines. 19744364055
the survival of foot-and-mouth disease virus in african buffalo with non-transference of infection to domestic cattle. 19744364599
association of foot-and-mouth disease virus replicase with rna template and cytoplasmic membranes. 19744364882
foot-and-mouth disease virus: plaque reduction neutralization tests. 19744365185
neutralizing activity in the serum and oesophageal-pharyngeal fluid of cattle after exposure to foot-and-mouth disease virus and subsequent re-exposure. 19744365187
comparative electrophoretic studies of foot-and-mouth disease virus proteins. 19744360391
chromatographic preparation of purified structural proteins from foot-and-mouth disease virus. 19744365645
a study of foot-and-mouth disease virus strains by complement fixation. i. a model for the fixation of complement by antigen-antibody mixtures.an examination was made of the relations between antigen, antibody and fixation of complement with foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). it was found that complement fixation in this system follows the same principles as models developed in other antigen/antibody systems. the assumption that there is a relation of direct proportionality between the amount of complement fixed and the amount of antiserum reacting with constant antigen was found to be incorrect. an alternative method was proposed fo ...19744367223
a study of foot-and-mouth disease virus strains by complement fixation. ii. a comparison of tube and microplate tests for the differentiation of strains.several foot-and-mouth disease virus strains were examined by complement-fixation tests in microplates and in tubes. it was established that the two systems are comparable, although greater reproducibility is obtained with tube tests. while microplate tests are a satisfactory method for the differentiation of strains, tube tests provide a more precise method for the identification of small antigenic differences.19744367224
inhibition of foot-and-mouth disease virus replicase by frog virus 3 particles. 19744367303
differentiation of type a foot-and-mouth disease virus subtypes by double- and radial-immunodiffusion analysis. 19744368590
studies with foot-and-mouth disease virus in british deer (red, fallow and roe). 19744369242
studies with foot-and-mouth disease virus in british deer (red, fallow and roe). ii. recovery of virus and serological response. 19744369243
requirement for double-stranded rna during the in vitro synthesis of rna by foot-and-mouth disease virus replicase. 19744370339
the effect of repeated vaccination in an enzootic foot-and-mouth disease area on the incidence of virus carrier cattle.a comparison was made of the incidence of foot-and-mouth disease virus ;carrier' cattle in an unvaccinated enzootic area and an area where routine 6-monthly vaccination with an inactivated vaccine had been carried out for 3-4 years. the incidence of carriers in the vaccinated area was 0.49% as compared to 3.34% in the non-vaccinated area. the results indicate that, provided the immune status of the vaccinated herd is maintained at a level sufficient to prevent outbreaks of clinical disease and t ...19744370898
the foot-and-mouth disease virus subtype variants in kenya.the subtype variants found in kenya in the past ten years have been studied. the type o and type sat 2 subtypes have a distinct geographical distribution which appears to be associated with livestock movement patterns. the type a viruses have a greater tendency to antigenic variation and their geographical distribution is less distinct. in type c only minor differences exist between the three viruses studied.19744371008
translation products of foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected baby hamster kidney cells. 19744371593
dependence of rna replication on continuous protein synthesis in a temperature-sensitive mutant of foot-and-mouth disease virus. 19744372312
[isolation of foot-and-mouth-disease virus from organs of infected, slaughtered sheep]. 19744372987
a simple method for the quantification of 140s particles of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). 19744374160
isolation of the coat proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus and analysis of the composition and n-terminal endgroups. 19744374202
[cell susceptibility to fmdv by cell monolayers previously exposed to inactivated sendai virus (author's transl)]. 19744374909
[effect of insecticides on metabolism and susceptibility of ib-rs-2 cells to foot-and-mouth disease virus (author's transl)]. 19744374910
growth of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the different layers of bovine omasum in suspended cultures.when suspended cultures of bovine omasum were cultured without agitation, the epithelium soon degenerated and foot-and-mouth disease virus multiplied mainly in the corium cells. five days of preincubation were needed to reach a population of corium cells that could yield virus at a titer of 10(6.70) to 10(6.95) mean tissue culture infective doses per ml. the virus was freely released from the cells into the medium only when the degenerated epithelium was removed from the subepithelial tissue pri ...19744375435
inhibitors of foot-and-mouth disease virus. i. effect of edta, temperature, and interferon on the viral growth cycle. 19744375450
[role of amino acids in the formaldehyde inactivation of the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 19744377336
[foot-and-mouth disease in ethiopia. distribution of serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 19744377719
application of immuno-peroxidase techniques for the detection of foot-and mouth disease virus antigens. 19744377950
[isolation and study of foot and mouth disease virus type a during the epizootic of 1973]. 19744377474
[immunological aspects of foot-and-mouth disease virus (author's transl)]. 19734377405
foot-and-mouth disease virus: protection induced in infected mice by two orally-administered interferon inducers. brief report. 19734749257
[the effect of interferon and guanidine on the inactivation of rna of foot-and-mouth disease virus infected cells]. 19734373360
[study of the foot-and-mouth disease virus cultured on the bhk-21 cell line]. 19734370848
[antigenic structure of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (a review of the foreign literature)]. 19734361327
[detection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus in slaughter products]. 19734361329
[ensuring sterility in culturing the foot-and-mouth disease virus by frenkel's method]. 19734361330
[accumulation of specific foot-and-mouth disease virus antibodies in the ascitic fluid of white rats]. 19734362264
immunological activity of foot-and-mouth disease virus purified by polyethylene glycol precipitation. 19734362322
studies of the foot-and-mouth disease virus sub-types using antigens inactivated by gamma radiations. 19734362323
[the density of the foot-and-mouth disease virus in cscl solutions]. 19734365551
comparison of the aerosol stabilities of foot-and-mouth disease virus suspended in cell culture fluid or natural fluids. 19734355328
vesicular lesions produced in guinea pigs by a staphylococcus aureus strain.a bacterium isolated from vesicular lesions on foot pads of guinea pigs reproduced lesions similar to those seen in experimental infections of guinea pigs with foot-and-mouth disease virus. (fmdv). these bacterial lesions were produced with an inactivated fmdv suspension. identification as staphylococcus aureus was determined by growth characteristics on nutrient and blood agar, gram staining, fermentation of mannitol and coagulase positive reactions. in addition, the organism was sensitive to c ...19734355472
improved technique for the isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants of foot-and-mouth disease virus.an improved temperature-shift selection and screening method is described for the isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants of foot and mouth disease virus.19734355865
observations of cattle, goats and pigs after administration of synthetic interferon inducers and subsequent exposure to foot and mouth disease virus.polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly [ri.rc]) was administered intravenously to 11 cattle and 13 goats in doses of 0.25 to 4.0, and 1.0 to 5.0 mg/kg, respectively. subsequent exposure of these and untreated control animals to foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv) failed to demonstrate any differences in either the course or severity of the disease. serum interferon was detected in cattle one hour after the intravenous administration of poly (ri.rc). six pigs given 4, 20, or 100 mg/kg of i ...19734356316
complement-fixation analysis of four subtypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus type a.complement-fixation patterns were established for four subtypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus by block assays against homologous and heterologous antiserum. inhibition of fixation by excess antigen was observed in most homologous systems but rarely in the heterologous systems. the heterologous antibody titers were, in all instances, considerably lower than those for the homologous systems. although relatively high dilutions of antiserum may be desirable for subtyping, higher concentrations of ...19734356470
structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus. 19734356689
derivatives of aziridine as inactivants for foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines. 19734356910
[determination of the correspondence of epizootic strains of the foot-and-mouth disease virus to the cultured ones]. 19734356958
inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus with ethylenimine.foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) was inactivated by ethylenimine (ei) at three concentrations and two temperatures. comparison of inactivation kinetics and the antigenic and immunogenic potency of ei and n-acetylethylenimine (aei)-inactivated fmdv indicates that ei has nearly optimal characteristics as an inactivant for fmdv vaccine preparation. although aei-inactivated fmdv has proved to be a potent specific immunogen, an equivalent percentage of ei inactivated fmdv at substantially faster r ...19734357652
the effect of rifampicin, actinomycin d and mitomycin c on poliovirus and foot-and-mouth disease virus replication. 19734357749
the influence of relative humidity on the stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus in aerosols from milk and faecal slurry. 19734360318
isolation and partial characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of the sat-1 strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus. 19734348741
enhancement, by two carboxylic acid interferon inducers of resistance stimulated in mice by foot-and-mouth disease vaccine.simultaneous injection of divinyl ether-maleic amhydride (dve/ma) or itaconic-acrylic acid and foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine enhanced the survival of infant mice to subsequent injections of virus. this enhanced resistance was obtained even with doses of interferon inducers which, when administered alone, failed to protect the mice. there was some increase in serum-neutralizing antibody in mice 7 days after injection of dve/ma and vaccine, as compared with mice given vaccine alone, but the ...19734348964
isolation of the structural polypeptides of foot-and-mouth disease virus and analysis of their c-terminal sequences. 19734350226
[comparison between dna synthesized by enzyme fractions extracted from foot-and-mouth disease virus and from atypical rat epithelioma cells]. 19734351685
evidence for a group protein in foot-and-mouth disease virus particles. 19734353213
haemagglutination by type sat 2 foot-and-mouth disease viruses. 19734353214
[neutralization of the infective power of the foot-and-mouth disease virus in cell culture by using serums from pigs immunized with a purified viral protein]. 19734353472
neutralizing antibody response in bovine serum and nasal and salivary secretions after immunization with live or inactivated food-and-mouth disease virus.calves develop nasal and salivary neutralizing antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus after nasal inoculation with live virus. nasal and salivary antibody was not detected after exposure to inactive virus. serum antibodies were induced by live and inactive virus given subcutaneously. passively acquired antibodies were detected as long as 7 months after birth.19734353542
[inactivation of the foot-and-mouth disease virus by methylglyoxal]. 19734353689
[protein and ribonucleic acid biosynthesis in the cells in the replication of the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 19734353690
[antigenic properties of the foot-and-mouth disease virus concentrated by polyethylene glycol]. 19734353691
activity of foot-and-mouth disease virus rna-dependent rna polymerase in vitro: inhibition by polyamines and poly(amino acid)s. 19734354232
serum immunoglobulins in white rats immunized with foot-and-mouth disease virus antigens. 19734148114
[viability of the foot-and-mouth disease virus in the body of wild birds]. 19724354912
[passive hemagglutination reaction for the identification of the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 19724353655
[specific cell resistance induced by foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 19724353656
[immune ascites fluids for typing the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. 19724353657
[detection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus in animal slaughter products]. 19724353658
[uv-irradiation of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. 1. inactivation in relation to the concentration and purity of the virus and quantal yield at 2537 angstrom]. 19724353314
neutralizing activity of sera from guinea-pigs inoculated with foot-and-mouth disease virus variants. 19724336056
inhibitory effect of n-phenyl-n'-aryl or alkylthiourea derivatives on the multiplication of some picornaviruses (coxsackie b 1, echo 19, and foot-and-mouth disease virus) in cell cultures. 19724352303
[the use of crcl 3 for coupling of foot-and-mouth disease virus to erythrocytes, and the ability of these sensitized erythrocytes to react in passive hemagglutination (pha) and passive immunohemolysis (pih)]. 19724352304
[identification of foot-and-mouth disease virus types]. 19724349542
[identification of foot-and-mouth disease virus types]. 19724349543
[identification of epizootic strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the u.s.s.r]. 19724350007
[antigenic properties of strains of a 22 foot-and-mouth disease virus isolated in epizootic conditions]. 19724350008
[changes in antigen properties of foot-and-mouth disease virus during several passages]. 19724350009
[foot-and-mouth disease virus titration using the color-test technic on ibr's2 line cells]. 19724350010
influence of divinyl ether-maleic anhydride (pyran) on foot-and-mouth disease virus infection: effect on adsorption and multiplication in mouse tissues. 19724336491
spermidine stimulation of foot-and-mouth disease virus rna-dependent rna polymerase activity. 19724336494
plaque production by carrier strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus in bhk-monolayers incubated at different temperatures. 19724336959
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