Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| birth of siberian tiger (panthera tigris altaica) cubs after transvaginal artificial insemination. | a captive 9-yr-old female siberian tiger (panthera tigris altaica) at the lisbon zoo was treated with equine chorionic gonadotropin followed 80 hr later by human chorionic gonadotropin to stimulate follicular development and ovulation, respectively. forty-one hours after the second hormone administration, the tiger was subjected to transvaginal artificial insemination with diluted fresh semen containing 500 x 10(6) motile spermatozoa obtained from an 8-yr-old male siberian tiger via electroejacu ... | 2000 | 11428407 |
| shrimp culture in thailand: environmental impacts and social responses. | black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) is a major aquaculture commodity among southeast asian producers and remains a popular food export world-wide. food brokers in japan and the united states purchase huge quantities of these farmed shrimp and return significant foreign exchange earnings to developing nations like thailand, a major producer and exporter since the early 1990s. however, coastal areas cannot sustain intensive shrimp farm production and local growers often end up in debt. can the ne ... | 2000 | 17208685 |
| cloning of the fish cell line ssn-1 for piscine nodaviruses. | six cell clones were derived from the ssn-1 cell line, which is composed of a mixed cell population and persistently infected with a c-type retrovirus (snrv). these clones were susceptible to 4 piscine nodavirus strains belonging to different genotypes (sjnnv, rgnnv, tpnnv and *bfnnv [striped jack, redspotted grouper, tiger puffer and barfin flounder nervous necrosis viruses]). three clones, designated a-6, e-9, and e-11, were highly permissive to nodavirus infection and production. the virus-in ... | 2000 | 11145456 |
| candidate gene analysis of thyroid hormone receptors in metamorphosing vs. nonmetamorphosing salamanders. | we used two different experimental approaches to test the hypothesis that thyroid hormone receptor (tr) variation is associated with alternate life cycles modes in ambystomatid salamanders. in the first experiment, the inheritance of tralpha and trbeta genotypes was determined for metamorphic and non metamorphic offspring from backcrosses between ambystoma mexicanum (an obligate metamorphic-failure species) and metamorphic f1 hybrids (a. mexicanum x a. tigrinum tigrinum). the segregation of tr g ... | 2000 | 11012711 |
| [hallervorden-spatz disease: findings in the nigrostriatal system]. | hallervorden-spatz disease (hsd), a rare extrapyramidal motor illness, is usually only confirmed after death. in vivo diagnosis has relied hitherto on the combination of typical magnetic resonance imaging (mri) findings (the "eye of the tiger" sign) and heterogeneous clinical symptoms of movement disorder which have been regarded as almost pathognomonic. we report on the diagnostic contribution of 123j-beta-cit single photon emission computed tomography (spect) and 123j-ibzm spect in akinetic-ri ... | 2000 | 10996917 |
| anoxia tolerance of con-familial tiger beetle larvae is associated with differences in energy flow and anaerobiosis. | in this study, we compared survivorship, heat dissipation and biochemical features of anaerobiosis of two tiger beetle species (coleoptera: cicindelidae) exposed to anoxia. one species commonly experiences environmental immersion from rainfall and snowmelt (cicindela togata), and the habitat of the other (amblycheila cylindriformis) is not prone to flooding. the ancestral genus, a. cylindriformis, survives anoxia for only 2 days at 25 degrees c. in response to anoxia, these larvae immediately lo ... | 2000 | 10935521 |
| effect of 11-cis 13-demethylretinal on phototransduction in bleach-adapted rod and cone photoreceptors. | we used 11-cis 13-demethylretinal to examine the physiological consequences of retinal's noncovalent interaction with opsin in intact rod and cone photoreceptors during visual pigment regeneration. 11-cis 13-demethylretinal is an analog of 11-cis retinal in which the 13 position methyl group has been removed. biochemical experiments have shown that it is capable of binding in the chromophore pocket of opsin, forming a schiff-base linkage with the protein to produce a pigment, but at a much slowe ... | 2000 | 10919871 |
| depolarization-induced calcium channel facilitation in rod photoreceptors is independent of g proteins and phosphorylation. | depolarization-induced facilitation of l-type ca channels in rod photoreceptors was investigated with nystatin-perforated and ruptured whole cell patch-clamp techniques in cells isolated from tiger salamander retina. induction of facilitation was voltage dependent with a half-maximal effect seen at prepulse potentials near +31 mv. reversal of facilitation was time dependent with fast (tau approximately 20 ms) and slow (tau approximately 1 s) components at -60 mv. incubation of cells with pertuss ... | 2000 | 10899191 |
| temperatures in the cothill habitat of panaxia (callimorpha) dominula l. (the scarlet tiger moth). | temperatures were monitored in precisely the places in cothill fen in which larvae of panaxia dominula pupate. at the critical time in june, the temperatures in the litter layer are diurnally often much higher than those used in previous constant temperature experiments. moreover, the daily mean temperature in the shaded litter layer is also higher than the shaded air temperature at 0.4 m, both temperatures being higher than the estimate of 12 degrees c used as baseline by others. the effects of ... | 2000 | 10849083 |
| i4aa-sensitive chloride current contributes to the center light responses of bipolar cells in the tiger salamander retina. | light-evoked currents in depolarizing and hyperpolarizing bipolar cells (dbcs and hbcs) were recorded under voltage-clamp conditions in living retinal slices of the larval tiger salamander. responses to illumination at the center of the dbcs' and hbcs' receptive fields were mediated by two postsynaptic currents: deltai(c), a glutamate-gated cation current with a reversal potential near 0 mv, and deltai(cl), a chloride current with a reversal potential near -60 mv. in dbcs deltai(c) was suppresse ... | 2000 | 10848563 |
| fractionation and characterization of mushroom dietary fiber (nonstarch polysaccharides) as potential nutraceuticals from sclerotia of pleurotus tuber-regium (fries) singer. | the nonstarch polysaccharides (nsps) in the total dietary fiber (tdf) from the sclerotia of pleurotus tuber-regium (tiger milk mushroom) were fractionated by the sequential use of chemical solvents. about half of the tdf was solubilized and two major alkali-soluble fractions (1 and 4 n sodium hydroxide) that contained 126 and 293 g/kg tdf were obtained. sugar analysis and infrared spectroscopy indicated that the nsps in these alkali-soluble fractions were mainly beta-glucans and chitin. these al ... | 2000 | 10956083 |
| denoising of electron beam monte carlo dose distributions using digital filtering techniques. | the monte carlo (mc) method has long been viewed as the ultimate dose distribution computational technique. the inherent stochastic dose fluctuations (i.e. noise), however, have several important disadvantages: noise will affect estimates of all the relevant dosimetric and radiobiological indices, and noise will degrade the resulting dose contour visualizations. we suggest the use of a post-processing denoising step to reduce statistical fluctuations and also improve dose contour visualization. ... | 2000 | 10943918 |
| amacrine cells of the anuran retina: morphology, chemical neuroanatomy, and physiology. | amacrine cells are third-order retinal interneurons, projecting their processes into the inner plexiform layer. historically, they were not considered as neurons first. by the middle of the 20th century, their neuronal nature was confirmed, and their enormous diversity established. amacrine cells have been most successfully subdivided into morphological categories based on two parameters: diameter of the dendritic field and ramification pattern in the inner plexiform layer. works combining anato ... | 2000 | 10941173 |
| the molecular basis of melanism and mimicry in a swallowtail butterfly. | melanism in lepidoptera, either industrial or in mimicry, is one of the most commonly cited examples of natural selection [1] [2]. despite extensive studies of the frequency and maintenance of melanic genes in insect populations [1] [2], there has been little work on the underlying molecular mechanisms. nowhere is butterfly melanism more striking than in the eastern tiger swallowtail (papilio glaucus) of north america [3] [4] [5]. in this species, females can be either yellow (wild type) or blac ... | 2000 | 10837223 |
| foraging under the risk of cannibalism leads to divergence in body size among tiger salamander larvae. | populations of plants and animals are almost always made up of individuals of different sizes. in populations where cannibalism is common, this size variation can influence rates of mortality and growth and affect population regulation. size variation can be caused by a variety of mechanisms. one of these is due to size-specific responses to the threat of predation by potentially cannibalistic conspecifics. we investigated the role of anti-predator behavior in size structure development within s ... | 2000 | 28308182 |
| intrafamilial phenotypic variability of hallervorden-spätz syndrome in a tunisian family. | we report clinical features, ct-scan and mri findings of three siblings with hallervorden-spätz disease, one of them followed for more than 20years. patient 1 presented at age 10 with progressive generalized dystonia. five years later she had violent dystonic spasms with opisthotonos and marked oro-mandibular involvement. later, dystonia stabilized and examination showed dysarthria, multiple deformities related to dystonic posturing, retinal degeneration and no cognitive impairment. cerebral ct- ... | 2000 | 10817958 |
| developmental study of the shortened spinal cord in the adult tiger puffer fish, takifugu rubripes (teleostei). | abstract the spinal cords of vertebrates are generally divided into the cord proper and the minute filum terminale. while the spinal cord extends the entire length of the vertebral canal in the adult tiger puffer, takifugu rubripes, the cord proper is greatly reduced in length and almost all of the canal is occupied by the filum terminale, which is tape-like rather than thread-like. the dorsal and ventral roots of the spinal nerves extend, respectively, above and below the filum terminale; as a ... | 2000 | 10723077 |
| how slippage-derived sequences are incorporated into rrna variable-region secondary structure: implications for phylogeny reconstruction. | we analyzed the type and frequency of mutational changes in hypervariable rrna regions, using the highly length-variable region v4 of the small subunit rrna locus of tiger beetles (cicindelidae) as an example. phylogenetic analysis of indels in closely related species showed that (1) most indels are single nucleotides (usually a or t and sometimes g) or di-nucleotides of a and t. these occur at numerous foci, and they exhibit a strong bias for duplication of 5' single and di-nucleotide motifs bu ... | 2000 | 10712842 |
| effects of betaxolol on light responses and membrane conductance in retinal ganglion cells. | to examine the physiological effects of betaxolol, a beta1-adrenergic receptor blocker commonly used in the treatment of glaucoma, on retinal ganglion cells and to evaluate its potential to elicit responses consistent with a neuroprotective agent against ganglion cell degeneration. | 2000 | 10711687 |
| the eye-of-the-tiger sign. | 2000 | 11110959 | |
| fraction of the dark current carried by ca(2+) through cgmp-gated ion channels of intact rod and cone photoreceptors. | the selectivity for ca(2+) over na(+), pca/pna, is higher in cgmp-gated (cng) ion channels of retinal cone photoreceptors than in those of rods. to ascertain the physiological significance of this fact, we determined the fraction of the cyclic nucleotide-gated current specifically carried by ca(2+) in intact rods and cones. we activated cng channels by suddenly (<5 ms) increasing free 8br-cgmp in the cytoplasm of rods or cones loaded with a caged ester of the cyclic nucleotide. simultaneous with ... | 2000 | 11099344 |
| competition between the gypsy moth, lymantria dispar, and the northern tiger swallowtail, papilio canadensis: interactions mediated by host plant chemistry, pathogens, and parasitoids. | the gypsy moth, lymantria dispar, and the northern tiger swallowtail, papilio canadensis, overlap geographically as well as in their host ranges. adult female swallowtails are incapable of distinguishing between damaged and undamaged leaves, and the opportunities for competition between these two species are numerous. we designed field and laboratory experiments to look for evidence of indirect competition between p. canadensis and l. dispar larvae. swallowtail caterpillars were reared in the la ... | 2000 | 24595833 |
| dosimetry characterization of 32p catheter-based vascular brachytherapy source wire. | dosimetry measurements and monte carlo simulations for a catheter-based 32p endovascular brachytherapy source wire are described. the measured dose rates were obtained using both radiochromic dye film and an automated plastic scintillator. the investigated source has dimensions of 27 mm in length and 0.24 mm in diameter, and is encapsulated in niti. for the radiochromic film measurements, calibrated radiochromic dye film was irradiated at distances between 1 and 5 mm from the source axis in a-15 ... | 2000 | 10984223 |
| misfolding of membrane proteins in health and disease: the lady or the tiger? | protein misfolding is increasingly recognized as a factor in many diseases, including cystic fibrosis, parkinson's, alzheimer's and atherosclerosis. many proteins involved in misfolding-based pathologies are membrane-associated, such that the bilayer may play roles in normal and aberrant folding. it can be argued that the in vivo partitioning of eukaryotic membrane proteins between folding and misfolding pathways is under kinetic control. moreover, the balance between these pathways can be surpr ... | 2000 | 10981632 |
| caudal cervical disc protrusion in a bengal tiger (panthera tigris tigris). | a young adult male white bengal tiger (panthera tigris tigris) presented with hindlimb ataxia. cervical and lumbar myelography revealed a compressive lesion of the cord at c(6-7). corticosteroid therapy and confinement failed to provide lasting remission of signs. a modified, inverted cone ventral slot decompression was used to remove the fibrous material causing cord compression at c(6-7). temporary horner's syndrome and laryngeal paresis developed postsurgically because of excessive tissue ret ... | 2000 | 11237151 |
| coping skills and tiger woods. | 2000 | 11219381 | |
| three levels of lateral inhibition: a space-time study of the retina of the tiger salamander. | the space-time patterns of activity generated across arrays of retinal neurons can provide a sensitive measurement of the effects of neural interactions underlying retinal activity. we measured the excitatory and inhibitory components associated with these patterns at each cellular level in the retina and further dissected inhibitory components pharmacologically. using perforated and loose patch recording, we measured the voltages, currents, or spiking at 91 lateral positions covering approximat ... | 2000 | 10684895 |
| triggering of cryoprotectant synthesis in the woolly bear caterpillar (pyrrharctia isabella lepidoptera: arctiidae). | isabella tiger moths (pyrrharctia isabella) overwinter as caterpillars (i.e., woolly bears) that can survive freezing at moderate subzero temperatures. we observed an increase in hemolymph osmolality for field-collected woolly bears during october (325 +/- 47 to 445 +/- 27 mosmol/liter) and tested the influence of temperature and moisture levels on cryoprotectant production. laboratory acclimation was done at 5 degrees c in moist conditions and at 25 degrees c acclimation in both dry and moist c ... | 2000 | 10684559 |
| dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium currents in bipolar cells of salamander retina are inhibited by reductions in extracellular chloride. | dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium currents (i(ca)) in photoreceptors are unusual in that they can be inhibited by reductions in extracellular chloride. the present study examined whether i(ca) in retinal bipolar cells, which as in photoreceptors mediates sustained neurotransmission, is also inhibited by reductions in chloride. nystatin-perforated patch, whole cell recordings were obtained from bipolar cells in a retinal slice preparation of larval tiger salamander. in the presence of ba(2+), vol ... | 2000 | 10675784 |
| gaba(c) receptors control adaptive changes in a glycinergic inhibitory pathway in salamander retina. | we studied the role of gaba in adaptive changes in a lateral inhibitory system in the tiger salamander retina. in dark-adapted retinal slice preparations picrotoxin caused a slow enhancement of glycine-mediated ipscs in ganglion cells. the enhancement of glycinergic ipscs developed slowly over the course of 5-20 min, even though picrotoxin blocked both gaba(a) and gaba(c) receptors within a few seconds. the slow enhancement of glycinergic ipscs by picrotoxin was much weaker in light-adapted prep ... | 2000 | 10632610 |
| materials science: new tigers in the fuel cell tank. | after decades of incremental advances, a spurt of findings suggests that fuel cells that run on good old fossil fuels are almost ready for prime time. although conventional ceramic cells, known as solid oxide fuel cells, require expensive heat-resistant materials, a new generation of sofcs, including one featured on page 2031, converts hydrocarbons directly into electricity at lower temperatures. and a recent demonstration of a system of standard sofcs large enough to light up more than 200 home ... | 2000 | 17835104 |
| the national practitioner data bank: big brother or paper tiger? | 2000 | 10121442 | |
| generalized freezing in hallervorden-spatz syndrome: case report. | we report the case of a female patient who was exhibiting slowly progressive, severe, generalized freezing of voluntary movement and disequilibrium. brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a very low signal intensity in both pallidal nuclei, with a high signal intensity in the central portion, the so called 'eye-of-the-tiger' sign. despite the unusual clinical features, we believe that this is a case of hallervorden-spatz syndrome, although without neuropathological examination we were unable to ... | 1999 | 10362909 |
| taming the security tiger. | 1999 | 10351273 | |
| phylogeographical population structure of tiger quolls dasyurus maculatus (dasyuridae: marsupialia), an endangered carnivorous marsupial. | tiger quolls, dasyurus maculatus, are the largest carnivorous marsupials still extant on the mainland of australia, and occupy an important ecological niche as top predators and scavengers. two allopatric subspecies are recognized, d.m. gracilis in north queensland, and d.m. maculatus in the southeast of the mainland and tasmania. d.m. gracilis is considered endangered while d.m. maculatus is listed as vulnerable to extinction; both subspecies are still in decline. phylogeographical subdivision ... | 1999 | 10583825 |
| [value of the relative phonetogram (rp) for the evaluation of organic dysphonias]. | the phonetogram in a recognized element of voice evaluation, but its relation to perceptual voice quality is unclarified. the phonetograms area is easy to measure since the existence of efficient computer software. so information about frequency and intensity range can be united in one single parameter. the individual phonetogram area in relation to a gender- and training-specific normal value constitutes the "relative phonetogram (rp)". a prospective evaluation of the relative phonetogram was p ... | 1999 | 10668357 |
| neurological symptoms 27 years after tiger bite. | 1999 | 10472285 | |
| development of size structure in tiger salamanders: the role of intraspecific interference. | cannibalism affects patterns of density-dependent mortality and may regulate population size. in many cases, rates of cannibalism depend on size structure, the frequency distribution of body sizes in the population, because cannibals can often only capture and consume smaller individuals. size differences within single-age groups can be caused by a variety of factors. in this research we tested the hypothesis that size variation among larval tiger salamanders is due, in part, to interference int ... | 1999 | 28308302 |
| effects on voice by endolaryngeal microsurgery. | endolaryngeal microsurgery (em) is functionally oriented. therefore, assessment of vocal function is important to evaluate the effect of the surgery on voice. in all, 58 patients, including 26 patients with vocal cord nodules and 32 patients with vocal cord polyps, underwent em. the patients' voices were recorded and analyzed before em and 2 weeks after. analysis of voice quality included perceptual assessment and each patient's own subjective evaluation of social acceptability of voice accordin ... | 1999 | 10456282 |
| hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a worker exposed to tiger nut dust. | 1999 | 10452779 | |
| the metabotropic receptor mglur6 may signal through g(o), but not phosphodiesterase, in retinal bipolar cells. | bipolar cells are retinal interneurons that receive synaptic input from photoreceptors. glutamate, the photoreceptor transmitter, hyperpolarizes on bipolar cells by closing nonselective cation channels, an effect mediated by the metabotropic receptor mglur6. previous studies of mglur6 transduction have suggested that the receptor couples to a phosphodiesterase (pde) that preferentially hydrolyzes cgmp, and that cgmp directly gates the nonselective cation channel. this hypothesis was tested by di ... | 1999 | 10191311 |
| anatomical and electrophysiological evidence for gabaergic bipolar cells in tiger salamander retina. | our previous work showed that about 12% of bipolar cells in salamander retina synthesize and take up gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba), are gaba transporter (gat)-immunoreactive, and respond with a gat current to extracellularly applied gaba, suggesting that these bipolar cells use gaba, in addition to glutamate, as a neurotransmitter. further support for this idea was obtained in this study by use of immunogold electron microscopy and whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology. ultrastructural analy ... | 1999 | 10746135 |
| multiple types of spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells. | spontaneous and light-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (sepscs and leepscs) in retinal ganglion cells of the larval tiger salamander were recorded under voltage clamp conditions from living retinal slices. sepscs were isolated from the spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sipscs) by application of 100 m picrotoxin+1 microm strychnine. in addition to the previously reported sepscs [k. matsui, n. hosoi, m. tachibana, excitatory synaptic transmission in the inner retina: pair record ... | 1999 | 10064836 |
| the eye of the tiger sign in cortical-basal ganglionic degeneration. | 1999 | 9918367 | |
| automatic characterization and classification of ganglion cells from the salamander retina. | the classification of retinal ganglion cells according to their morphological features is addressed by using a comprehensive set of shape measures and several clustering strategies. the morphological features considered include many common measures (such as dendritic radii and the number of dendritic segments) and three new quantifiable measures: 1) the area of influence of the dendritic tree as calculated in an operator-independent manner by using minkowski sausages; 2) the complexity of tortuo ... | 1999 | 9886023 |
| can china be a clean tiger?: growth strategies and environmental realities. | 1999 | 22039656 | |
| the tiger stirring: aspects of commuting in the republic of ireland, 1981-1996. | 1999 | 21894650 | |
| the impact of the monetary crisis and the development of a health and social safety-net with a special note on donor participation--real life experiences on the role of health services in public health. | south-east asia (i.e. indonesia) has enjoyed economic boom and rapid unbridled growth for the last decade. this rapid expansion was fuelled by cheap labour, foreign and local investments and the extensive development of the oil and non-oil sector. dark clouds, however, loomed on the economic and financial horizons of these rapidly developing 'tiger' economies. indonesia was not only affected by various facts-of-life elements which contributed to these grave forecasts but also by a wave of natura ... | 1999 | 10977185 |
| health and the celtic tiger: progress of health promotion in modern ireland. | 1999 | 10387495 | |
| the scope of teleological thinking in preschool children. | these studies explore the scope of young children's teleological tendency to view entities as 'designed for purposes'. one view ('selective teleology') argues that teleology is an innate, basic mode of thinking that, throughout development, is selectively applied by children and adults to artifacts and biological properties. an alternative proposal ('promiscuous teleology') argues that teleological reasoning derives from children's knowledge of intentionality and is not restricted to any particu ... | 1999 | 10384737 |
| spatial heterogeneity and function of voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels in retinal amacrine neurons. | the spatial distribution of ion channels within amacrine cells of the tiger salamander retina was studied using patch recording in the retinal slice preparation. by focally puffing kainate, gaba and glycine at amacrine cell processes in the inner plexiform layer, it was determined that the cell's glutamate receptors were located in a confined region of the processes near the soma, while glycine and gaba receptors were located throughout the processes. likewise, similar techniques in conjunction ... | 1999 | 10380682 |
| [chinese meditation pattern. qi gong: to learn from tigers and bears. series: relaxation technic 1. centers of vital energy]. | 1999 | 10220963 | |
| intron splice sites of papilio glaucus pglrh3 corroborate insect opsin phylogeny. | full-length cdna clones encoding the pglrh3 opsin from the tiger swallowtail butterfly papilio glaucus were isolated from cdna synthesized from adult head tissue total rna. this cdna consists of 1679 nucleotides and contains a single open reading frame predicted to be 379 amino acids in length. pcr amplification of genomic dna with primers spanning the coding region yielded a single 2760bp fragment which was sequenced. the pglrh3 gene has nine exons and eight introns, four of which are in unique ... | 1999 | 10196479 |
| effects of genetic structure of lupinus arboreus and previous herbivory on platyprepia virginalis caterpillars. | two leaf-feeding caterpillars, western tussock moth (orgyia vetusta) and ranchman's tiger moth (platyprepia virginalis) are abundant on lupinus arboreus along the california coast. previous experiments and observations suggested that feeding caused by either of these two folivores could reduce the performance and possibly the abundance and distribution of the other species. previous common garden experiments also indicated that genetically determined characteristics of the host plants were impor ... | 1999 | 28308088 |
| retinal ganglion cell dysfunction induced by hypoxia and glutamate: potential neuroprotective effects of beta-blockers. | the objective of this study was to examine the effects of hypoxia, glutamate, and beta-blockers on the electrical activities of retinal ganglion cells. single-unit extracellular and whole-cell voltage clamp recording techniques were used to record electrical activities from ganglion cells in the tiger salamander retina. this was performed under physiologic conditions, hypoxia, or elevated exogenous or endogenous glutamate levels. light-evoked spike activities, glutamate-induced currents, and vol ... | 1999 | 10416759 |
| [hallervorden-spatz syndrome. differential diagnosis of early onset dementia]. | we report the history of a 38 year old patient who began to develop mental deterioration at the age of 26. after a time of 7 years neurological signs like writing dystonia occurred. hallervorden-spatz-disease (hsd) was diagnosed at the age of 36 in vivo with the clinical presentation of severe dystonia, rigidity, dementia, and typical signal loss in the globus-pallidus the reticular part of the substantia nigra, and the nucleus ruber in the t-2 weighted mri. the "eye-of-the-tiger"-sign, a bilate ... | 1999 | 10407844 |
| do images involuntarily trigger search? a test of pillsbury's hypothesis. | pillsbury (1908) suggested that deciding to search for something in a scene consists of nothing more than forming a visual image of the target. if so, imaging should trigger search even when it would be more advantageous not to search. subjects were cued to form an image of a specified object (e.g., tiger) and to press a key when they had done so. this initiated the presentation of a sequence of pictures, with a single target digit interspersed; the subject's task was to report this digit. the s ... | 1999 | 12198782 |
| anaesthesia of a sumatran tiger on eight occasions with ketamine, medetomidine and isoflurane. | an 18-month-old male sumatran tiger was referred for endoscopy and dilatation of an oesophageal stricture. anaesthesia and bouginage was undertaken on eight occasions 2-3 weeks apart to dilate the oesophageal stricture. | 1999 | 16032083 |
| progress in the development of shrimp cell cultures in thailand. | primary shrimp cell cultures were developed from lymphoid organ and ovaries of black tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon, in double-strength leibovitz's l-15 medium supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum, 1% glucose, 5 g/l nacl, 15% shrimp meat extract. the optimum conditions for primary culture in vitro were obtained in l-15 medium with an osmolality of approximately 730 +/- 10 mmol/kg, a temperature range of 25--28 degrees c and incubation in a normal atmosphere. however, basal medium supplemented ... | 1999 | 10627677 |
| cysteine protease is a major exotoxin of pathogenic luminous vibrio harveyi in the tiger prawn, penaeus monodon. | the role of an extracellular cysteine protease, produced by pathogenic luminous vibrio harveyi strain 820514 originally isolated from diseased tiger prawn (penaeus monodon), in the disease process in the prawns was studied. the protease was lethal to p. monodon with an ld50 value of 0.3 microgram protein g-1 prawn. the lethal toxicity of the extracellular products (ecp) of the bacterium was neutralized by pre-incubation of the ecp with rabbit antiserum to the cysteine protease. pre-incubation of ... | 1999 | 10389258 |
| complementary dna encoding nm23/ndp kinase gene from the korean tiger shark scyliorhinus torazame. | : a new tumor suppressor gene, snm23, homologous to the gene for human nucleoside diphosphate kinase nm23/ndp was first cloned from korean tiger shark (scyliorhinus torazame) skin lambda zap-ii complementary dna library. the gene (named snm23) containing the tumor metastasis suppressor protein was sequenced. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of snm23 revealed an open reading frame of 450 bp that corresponded to a protein of 150 amino acid residues, with a calculated molecular mass ... | 1999 | 10373621 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of prophenoloxidase in the black tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. | a cdna encoding shrimp, penaeus monodon, prophenoloxidase (propo) was obtained by screening a hemocyte library by plaque hybridization using a propo cdna fragment from freshwater crayfish, pacifastaceus leniusculus, as a probe. the 3,002 bp cdna contains an open reading frame of 2,121 bp and a 881 bp 3'-untranslated region. the molecular mass of the deduced amino acid sequence (688 amino acids) is 78,700 da with an estimated pi of 5.8. two putative copper binding sites are present and they have ... | 1999 | 10402205 |
| sharp-force trauma analysis and the forensic anthropologist: techniques advocated by william r. maples, ph.d. | forensic anthropological tenets supported by william r. maples, ph.d. provide the bases for a case study from the c.a. pound human identification laboratory. using a multidisciplinary team that included police investigators, pathologists, odontologists, entomologists, and anthropologists, a biological profile and trauma analysis was constructed. our analysis determined that the decedent was a middle-aged hispanic male, approximately 5'6"-5'7" in stature, who had died a minimum of three months be ... | 1999 | 10432606 |
| pathology, isolation, and preliminary molecular characterization of a novel iridovirus from tiger salamanders in saskatchewan. | all iridovirus was confirmed to be the cause of an epizootic in larval and adult tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum diaboli) from four separate ponds in southern saskatchewan (canada) during the summer of 1997. this organism also is suspected, based on electron microscopic findings, to be the cause of mortality of larval tiger salamanders in a pond over 200 km to the north during the same year. salamanders developed a generalized viremia which resulted in various lesions including: necrotizin ... | 1999 | 10479075 |
| active immunisation of black tiger prawn (penaeus monodon) against vibriosis in thailand. | mechanisms of host defence in crustaceae and vibriosis in shrimp and methods for its prevention are discussed as introduction. the own work deals with the development of a site-specific multivalent anti-vibrio vaccine and its application in thailand. the vaccine was produced in a continuous bioreactor system from field strains of vibrio alginolyticus, v. harveyi, v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus, purified through ultrafiltration, and inactivated by formalin. it was applied to penaeus monodo ... | 1999 | 10486986 |
| ovarian function in the giant tiger prawn (penaeus monodon) as determined by in vitro bioassay. | ovary tissue fragments of the giant tiger prawn penaeus monodon were incubated in vitro with l-methionine[35s] plus l-cysteine[35s] as a metabolic labeling reagent. the labeled cytoplasmic and secreted proteins synthesized in vitro during incubations under various conditions were subjected to sds polyacrylamide electrophoresis and visualized by autoradiography. vitellogenin (vg) was immunologically identified and shown to be actively synthesized and released into the incubation medium. the synth ... | 1999 | 10521326 |
| tissue-specific expressed sequence tags from the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | : expressed sequence tag data were generated from complementary dna libraries created from cephalothorax, eyestalk, and pleopod tissue of the black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon). significant database matches were found for 48 of 83 nuclear genes sequenced from the cephalothorax library, 22 of 55 nuclear genes from the eyestalk library, and 6 of 13 nuclear genes from the pleopod library. the putative identities of these genes reflected the expected tissue specificity. for example, genes for dige ... | 1999 | 10525681 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a hemolymph clottable protein from tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon). | to investigate the coagulation system in crustacean decapoda, a homodimeric glycoprotein of 380 kda was purified from the hemolymph of tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) by sequential deae anion exchange chromatography. the purified protein was coagulated by the shrimp hemocyte transglutaminase in the presence of ca2+. the clottable protein contains 44% alpha helices and 26% beta sheets as determined by circular dichroism spectra. its conformation is stable in buffer of ph 4-9. to solve its primary ... | 1999 | 10561606 |
| immunochemical analysis and immunocytochemical localization of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone from the eyestalk of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | heptapeptide (yanavqv-nh2 = t-) and octapeptide (yanavqtv-nh2 = t+), the putative c-terminus of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) from the eyestalk of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii, was synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis and conjugated to bovine serum albumin, then used for immunization in swiss mice. specificity of the antisera against both peptides was determined by indirect immunoperoxidase elisa. the best response of antiserum against each peptide was us ... | 1999 | 10582322 |
| cannabinoid cb1 receptors and ligands in vertebrate retina: localization and function of an endogenous signaling system. | cb1, a cannabinoid receptor enriched in neuronal tissue, was found in high concentration in retinas of rhesus monkey, mouse, rat, chick, goldfish, and tiger salamander by using a subtype-specific polyclonal antibody. immunolabeling was detected in the two synaptic layers of the retina, the inner and outer plexiform layers, of all six species examined. in the outer plexiform layer, cb1 was located in and/or on cone pedicles and rod spherules. labeling was detected in some amacrine cells of all sp ... | 1999 | 10588745 |
| electrophoretic characterization of a novel cysteine protease produced by vibrio harveyi. | electrophoretic characterization of a novel cysteine protease produced by pathogenic luminous vibrio harveyi, originally isolated from diseased tiger prawn penaeus monodon in taiwan, is demonstrated in the present study using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native page), sodium dodecyl sulfate-page (sds-page), crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie) and isoelectric focusing (ief) gels. the protease has a pi of 6.4 and exhibits a fast-migrating feature in native-page and cie gels indicatin ... | 1999 | 10608698 |
| aedes albopictus in the united states: current status and prospects for further spread. | since its initial discovery in the continental usa in 1985, the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, has spread rapidly throughout the eastern part of the country. infestations of ae. albopictus now have been reported to the centers for disease control and prevention from 919 counties in 26 states in the continental usa. this species is believed to be established in 911 counties in 25 states. single individuals or small numbers of ae. albopictus have been intercepted and destroyed in 3 additi ... | 1999 | 10412117 |
| comparative genome organization of the major histocompatibility complex: lessons from the felidae. | the mammalian major histocompatibility complex (mhc) has taught both immunologists and evolutionary biologists a great deal about the patterns and processes that have led to immune defenses. driven principally by human and mouse studies, comparative mhc projects among other mammalian species offer certain advantages in connecting mhc genome characters to natural situations. we have studied the mhc in the domestic cat and in several wild species of felidae. our observations affirm class i and cla ... | 1999 | 10319256 |
| convergent strabismus in a white bengal tiger. | a white bengal tiger was noted to have a convergent strabismus with poor vision since a cub. the tiger and a littermate with normal colouring and apparently normal eyes were anaesthetised for comparative ocular examination. a fundus typical of colour-dilute cats and dogs was noted in the white tiger. except for strabismus, no abnormalities were observed. electroretinography showed similar retinal function in both tigers. possible causes of strabismus considered were an adaptation to genetically ... | 1999 | 10197239 |
| mitochondrial dna diversity in three populations of the giant tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | : mitochondrial dna restriction fragment length polymorphism (mtdna-rflp) was utilized for determination of genetic variation and population structure in penaeus monodon collected from satun (the andaman sea) and surat and trat (the gulf of thailand). twenty-eight composite haplotypes were generated from 52 restriction profiles of p. monodon mtdna digested with 11 restriction endonucleases. the size of the entire p. monodon mitochondrial genome was estimated to be 15.913 +/- 0.177 kb. the averag ... | 1999 | 10373619 |
| results from black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon culture ponds stocked with postlarvae pcr-positive or -negative for white-spot syndrome virus (wssv). | commercial, intensive, earthen shrimp ponds (188) in southern thailand were stocked with postlarvae (pl) of penaeus monodon that had tested positive or negative for white-spot syndrome virus (wssv) infection by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. all the pl were grossly healthy. at 2 wk intervals after stocking, shrimp from each pond were examined for gross wssv lesions and tested for wssv by pcr. shrimp from all the ponds stocked with wssv-pcr-positive pl (group 0, n = 43) eventually showed ... | 1999 | 11407401 |
| tiger bites. | 1999 | 10692912 | |
| hemostasis of tiger prawn penaeus monodon affected by vibrio harveyi, extracellular products, and a toxic cysteine protease. | the effects of bacterial cells, extracellular products (ecp) and a purified cysteine protease of vibrio harveyi on hemostasis and plasma components of tiger prawn (penaeus monodon) were studied. the clotting ability of the hemolymph withdrawn from moribund prawns pre-injected with the bacteria, ecp, cysteine protease of pbs (control) was observed for 2 h at 25 c. of these, only the control group was clottable while all the other groups were unclottable. a component of the plasma, previously iden ... | 1999 | 10575544 |
| high permissivity of the fish cell line ssn-1 for piscine nodaviruses. | seventeen isolates of piscine nodavirus from larvae or juveniles of 13 marine fish species affected with viral nervous necrosis (vnn) were examined for their infectivity to a fish cell line ssn-1. based on cytopathic effects (cpe) and virus antigen detection by fluorescent antibody technique (fat) after incubation at 25 degrees c, the infectivity of these virus isolates was divided into 4 groups. group 1, including 9 virus isolates from 4 species of grouper, 2 species of sea bass, barramundi, ro ... | 1999 | 11407403 |
| impulse encoding across the dendritic morphologies of retinal ganglion cells. | nerve impulse entrainment and other excitation and passive phenomena are analyzed for a morphologically diverse and exhaustive data set (n = 57) of realistic (3-dimensional computer traced) soma-dendritic tree structures of ganglion cells in the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum) retina. the neurons, including axon and an anatomically specialized thin axonal segment that is observed in every ganglion cell, were supplied with five voltage- or ligand-gated ion channels (plus leakage), which wer ... | 1999 | 10200204 |
| cutaneous mastocytomas in the neotenic caudate amphibians ambystoma mexicanum (axolotl) and ambystoma tigrinum (tiger salamander). | spontaneous mastocytomas studied in 18 axolotls (ambystoma mexicanum) and six tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum) were gray-white, uni- to multilobular cutaneous protrusions from 2 mm to 2 cm in diameter. tumors were moderately cellular unencapsulated masses that usually infiltrated the dermis and hypodermis with the destruction of intervening tissues. some tumors were invading superficial bundles of the underlying skeletal muscle. tumors consisted of mitotically active cells derived from a s ... | 1999 | 10235473 |
| contrast rectification and distributed encoding by on-off amacrine cells in the retina. | the encoding of luminance contrast by on-off amacrine cells was investigated by intracellular recording in the retina of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum). contrast flashes of positive and negative polarity were applied at the center of the receptive field while the entire retina was light adapted to a background field of 20 cd/m(2). many amacrine cells showed remarkably high contrast gain: up to 20-35% of the maximum response was evoked by a contrast step of only 1%. in the larger signa ... | 1999 | 10515958 |
| rapid desensitization converts prolonged glutamate release into a transient epsc at ribbon synapses between retinal bipolar and amacrine cells. | the mechanisms underlying the conversion of prolonged glutamate release from ribbon synapses in bipolar cells to sustained and transient excitatory postsynaptic responses in identified retinal amacrine cells were studied in tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum) retina. a retina slice preparation with whole cell patch recording techniques under voltage- and current-clamp conditions was used to assay the electrical properties of bipolar and amacrine cells. amacrine cells were categorized into two ... | 1999 | 9987038 |
| object identification deficits in dementia of the alzheimer type: combined effects of semantic and visual proximity. | identification deficits in dementia of the alzheimer type (dat) often target specific classes of objects, sparing others. using line drawings to uncover the etiology of such category-specific deficits may be untenable because the underlying shape primitives used to differentiate one line drawing from another are unspecified, and object form is yoked to object meaning. we used computer generated stimuli with empirically specifiable properties in a paradigm that decoupled form and meaning. in expe ... | 1999 | 10349296 |
| analytical currents: lions, tigers, and bears. | 1999 | 21651152 | |
| habitat-contingent reproductive behaviour in radio-implanted salamanders: a model and test. | all tiger salamanders, ambystoma tigrinum, entering a small pond in new york state were given radio-implants and tracked throughout breeding to determine whether reproductive behaviour in nature differs from that described in laboratory studies. i formed an extended model of adult reproductive behaviour that included male and female strategies and differential use of habitat components in the breeding pond, and then tested four key predictions regarding adult movement using the sequence of posit ... | 1998 | 9632505 |
| contrast enhancement and distributed encoding by bipolar cells in the retina. | responses of bipolar cells, cone photoreceptors, and horizontal cells were recorded intracellularly in superfused eyecup preparations of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum). contrast flashes of positive and negative polarity were applied at the center of the receptive field while the entire retina was light adapted to a background field of 20 cd/m2. for small contrasts, many bipolar cells showed remarkably high contrast gain: up to 15-20% of the bipolar response was evoked by a contrast st ... | 1998 | 9744922 |
| mechanics of lung ventilation in a larval salamander ambystoma tigrinum. | the larval stage of the tiger salamander ambystoma tigrinum is entirely aquatic, but the larvae rely on their lungs for a large proportion of their oxygen uptake. x-ray video and pressure measurements from the buccal and body cavities demonstrate that the larvae inspire using a two-stroke buccal pump and exhale actively by contracting the hypaxial musculature to increase body pressure. larvae begin a breath by expanding the buccal cavity to draw in air through the mouth, while simultaneously exh ... | 1998 | 9739071 |
| interactions of gonadal steroids and pesticides (ddt, dde) on gonaduct growth in larval tiger salamanders, ambystoma tigrinum. | in view of the current worldwide decline in amphibian populations, exploratory studies are needed to assess the potential for environmental contaminants to act as endocrine disrupters of the amphibian reproductive system. the present study investigated the effects of ddt dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (dde) on the development of amphibian gonaducts. larval male and female tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum), with immature gonads, were immersed in a ... | 1998 | 9446727 |
| experimental analysis of character coupling across a complex life cycle: pigment pattern metamorphosis in the tiger salamander, ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum. | developmental relationships among characters are expected to bias patterns of morphological variation at the population level. studies of character development thus can provide insights into processes of adaptation and the evolutionary diversification of morphologies. here i use experimental manipulations to test whether larval and adult pigment patterns are coupled across metamorphosis in the tiger salamander, ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum (ambystomatidae). previous investigations showed that the ... | 1998 | 9642792 |
| actin cytoskeleton regulates ion channel activity in retinal neurons. | the actin cytoskeleton is an important contributor to the integrity of cellular shape and responses in neurons. however, the molecular mechanisms associated with functional interactions between the actin cytoskeleton and neuronal ion channels are largely unknown. whole-cell and single channel recording techniques were thus applied to identified retinal bipolar neurons of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum) to assess the role of acute changes in actin-based cytoskeleton dynamics in the regu ... | 1998 | 9559935 |
| mechanics of lung ventilation in a larval salamander ambystoma tigrinum. | the larval stage of the tiger salamander ambystoma tigrinum is entirely aquatic, but the larvae rely on their lungs for a large proportion of their oxygen uptake. x-ray video and pressure measurements from the buccal and body cavities demonstrate that the larvae inspire using a two-stroke buccal pump and exhale actively by contracting the hypaxial musculature to increase body pressure. larvae begin a breath by expanding the buccal cavity to draw in air through the mouth, while simultaneously exh ... | 1998 | 9866876 |
| pathogen transmission as a selective force against cannibalism. | cannibalism is uncommon in most species despite being taxonomically widespread. this rarity is surprising, because cannibalism can confer important nutritional and competitive advantages to the cannibal. a general, but untested, explanation for why cannibalism is rare is that cannibals may be especially likely to acquire pathogens from conspecifics, owing to greater genetic similarity among conspecifics and selection for host specificity and resistance to host immune defences among pathogens. we ... | 1998 | 9632508 |
| lions and tigers and bears, oh my! | 1998 | 9597529 | |
| are lions and tigers substitutes or associates? evidence against slot filler accounts of children's early categorization. | items in event-based categorical relations, or "slot fillers," have been found to be recalled better by children than items in a taxonomic relation. this has been used as evidence that children's memory is organized around script-based representations rather than taxonomic structures. others have attributed the superior recall of slot fillers to association and typicality rather than memory structure per se. this study was designed to see if the slot filler advantage remains when association and ... | 1998 | 9586210 |
| antibody response of lions inoculated with inactivated calicivirus vaccine experimentally prepared. | the majority of lions and tigers in a safari park in japan were suffering from acute vesicular disease caused by a calicivirus infection. all of these animals were injected subcutaneously with an inactivated calicivirus vaccine experimentally prepared with one of the seed viruses originally isolated from sick lions. seroneutralizing antibody of paired sera collected from ten female lions at two week intervals was measured. a significant elevation of specific antibody was detected in the serum sa ... | 1998 | 9579339 |
| entomoplasma freundtii sp. nov., a new species from a green tiger beetle (coleoptera: cicindelidae). | a mollicute (strain barc 318t) isolated from gut tissue of a green tiger beetle (coleoptera: cicindelidae) was found by dark-field microscopy to consist of non-helical, non-motile, pleomorphic coccoid forms of various sizes. in ultrastructural studies, individual cells varied in diameter from 300 to 1200 nm, were surrounded by a cytoplasmic membrane and showed no evidence of cell wall. the organisms were readily filterable through membrane filters with mean pore diameters of 450 and 300 nm, with ... | 1998 | 9828421 |
| the hemolymph clottable proteins of tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon, and related species. | a clottable protein was purified from the hemolymph of tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) by sequential deae anion-exchange chromatography. the protein formed stable clots in the presence of ca2+ and the transglutaminase in hemocyte lysate. it is thermostable at temperatures up to 66 degrees c. the molecular mass of the clottable protein was determined to be 380 kda by sds-page and maldi-tof mass spectrometry, and the protein exists as disulfide-linked homodimers and oligomers. the size and amino ac ... | 1998 | 9972292 |
| deficiency of cytosolic arylamine n-acetylation in the domestic cat and wild felids caused by the presence of a single nat1-like gene. | the purpose of this study was to determine the molecular basis for a relative deficiency in the cat of cytosolic arylamine n-acetyltransferase (nat), an enzyme family that is important in the metabolism of xenobiotics and that normally consists of at least two related enzymes, nat1 and nat2. n-acetyltransferase in feline liver showed high affinity (mean km = 2.1 microm) for p-aminobenzoic acid, an nat1 selective substrate in humans and rabbits, but showed a very poor affinity (mean km > 10 mm) f ... | 1998 | 10022754 |
| the cardiovascular, coagulation and haematological effects of tiger snake (notechis scutatus) prothrombin activator and investigation of release of vasoactive substances. | the cardiovascular, coagulation and haematological effects of prothrombin activator from tiger snake (notechis scutatus) venom were investigated in anaesthetized mechanically ventilated dogs. infusion caused dose-related systemic hypotension, marked decreases in cardiac output and stroke volume, marked increases in pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. effects occurred within several minutes but abated over 30 to 40 minutes. evidence of ... | 1998 | 9807610 |