Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| remodelling of arabinoxylan in wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm cell walls during grain filling. | previous studies using spectroscopic imaging have allowed the spatial distribution of structural components in wheat endosperm cell walls to be determined. ft-ir microspectroscopy showed differing changes in arabinoxylan (ax) structure, during grain development under cool/wet and hot/dry growing conditions, for differing cultivars (toole et al. in planta 225:1393-1403, 2007). these studies have been extended using raman microspectroscopy, providing more details of the impact of environment on th ... | 2009 | 19066942 |
| detailed recombination studies along chromosome 3b provide new insights on crossover distribution in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the crossover (co) frequency increases gradually from the centromeres to the telomeres. however, little is known about the factors affecting both the distribution and the intensity of recombination along this gradient. to investigate this, we studied in detail the pattern of co along chromosome 3b of bread wheat. a dense reference genetic map comprising 102 markers homogeneously distributed along the chromosome was compared to a physical deletion map. most of the ... | 2009 | 19064706 |
| efficiency of a zinc lignosulfonate as zn source for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) under hydroponic culture conditions. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a zinc lignosulfonate (znls) as zn source for wheat and corn plants under hydroponic conditions. the zn-complexing capacity of three commercial lignosulfonates (byproducts of the paper and pulp industry) was tested, and a ls-nh4, from spruce wood, was selected. its efficacy as zn fertilizer for wheat and corn plants was assessed at different ph values (7.0 and 8.0) in comparison with a chelate (znedta) and an inorganic salt (znso4). f ... | 2009 | 19063638 |
| growth in elevated co2 enhances temperature response of photosynthesis in wheat. | the temperature dependence of c(3) photosynthesis may be altered by the growth environment. the effects of long-term growth in elevated co(2) on photosynthesis temperature response have been investigated in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in controlled chambers with 370 or 700 mumol mol(-1) co(2) from sowing through to anthesis. gas exchange was measured in flag leaves at ear emergence, and the parameters of a biochemical photosynthesis model were determined along with their temperature respo ... | 2009 | 19055543 |
| comparison of genetic and cytogenetic maps of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using ssr and dart markers. | a number of technologies are available to increase the abundance of dna markers and contribute to developing high resolution genetic maps suitable for genetic analysis. the aim of this study was to expand the number of diversity array technology (dart) markers on the wheat array that can be mapped in the wheat genome, and to determine their chromosomal location with respect to simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers and their position on the cytogenetic map. a total of 749 and 512 individual dart a ... | 2009 | 19020902 |
| analysis of intraspecies diversity in wheat and barley genomes identifies breakpoints of ancient haplotypes and provides insight into the structure of diploid and hexaploid triticeae gene pools. | a large number of wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) varieties have evolved in agricultural ecosystems since domestication. because of the large, repetitive genomes of these triticeae crops, sequence information is limited and molecular differences between modern varieties are poorly understood. to study intraspecies genomic diversity, we compared large genomic sequences at the lr34 locus of the wheat varieties chinese spring, renan, and glenlea, and diploid wheat aegilops ta ... | 2009 | 19011002 |
| the effects of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation and soil drought on water use efficiency of spring wheat. | the effect of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation (280-315 nm) and water stress on water consumption, instantaneous water use efficiency (wuei), season-long water use efficiency (wues) and leaf stable carbon isotope composition (delta13c) of three spring wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated under field conditions. the relationship between wuei and wues with delta13c was analyzed. compared with the control, enhanced uv-b or water stress alone or in combination led to lower water u ... | 2009 | 19006675 |
| a second mechanism for aluminum resistance in wheat relies on the constitutive efflux of citrate from roots. | the first confirmed mechanism for aluminum (al) resistance in plants is encoded by the wheat (triticum aestivum) gene, taalmt1, on chromosome 4dl. taalmt1 controls the al-activated efflux of malate from roots, and this mechanism is widespread among al-resistant genotypes of diverse genetic origins. this study describes a second mechanism for al resistance in wheat that relies on citrate efflux. citrate efflux occurred constitutively from the roots of brazilian cultivars carazinho, maringa, torop ... | 2009 | 19005085 |
| genetic and molecular characterization of the vrn2 loci in tetraploid wheat. | winter wheat (triticum spp.) varieties require long exposures to low temperatures to flower, a process called vernalization. the vrn2 locus includes two completely linked zinc finger-cct domain genes (zcct1 and zcct2) that act as flowering repressors down-regulated during vernalization. deletions or mutations in these two genes result in the elimination of the vernalization requirement in diploid wheat (triticum monococcum). however, natural allelic variation in these genes has not been describe ... | 2009 | 19005084 |
| a quantitative genetic study for elucidating the contribution of glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase and other nitrogen-related physiological traits to the agronomic performance of common wheat. | to better understand the genetic variability for nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat is a necessity in the frame of the present economic and ecological context. the objective of this work was to investigate the role of the enzymes glutamine synthetase (gs) and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and other nitrogen (n)-related physiological traits in the control of agronomic performance in wheat. a quantitative genetics approach was developed using the arche x récital population of doubled haploid ... | 2009 | 19513687 |
| [triton x-100 induces heritable changes of morphological characters in triticum aestivum l]. | the effect of the nonionic detergent polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ester (triton x-100, tx-100) on the spring common wheat cultivar alem was studied under laboratory and field conditions. treatment of seeds and vegetating plants with 0.1 or 0.01% tx-100 (aqueous solution) changed the spike morphology in all plants of the first posttreatment generation. the changes were inherited by the second generation without additional treatment with tx-100. square-headed dense spikes with doubled spikelets ... | 2009 | 19507710 |
| novel micrornas uncovered by deep sequencing of small rna transcriptomes in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and brachypodium distachyon (l.) beauv. | the small rna transcriptomes of bread wheat and its emerging model brachypodium distachyon were obtained by using deep sequencing technology. small rna compositions were analyzed in these two species. in addition to 70 conserved micrornas (mirnas) from 25 families, 23 novel wheat mirnas were identified. for brachypodium, 12 putative mirnas were predicted from a limited number of expressed sequence tags, of which one was a potential novel mirna. also, 94 conserved mirnas from 28 families were ide ... | 2009 | 19499258 |
| effects of molybdenum on expression of cold-responsive genes in abscisic acid (aba)-dependent and aba-independent pathways in winter wheat under low-temperature stress. | molybdenum (mo) is an essential trace element for higher plants. it has been shown that application of mo enhances the cold resistance of winter wheat. in order to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cold resistance arising from application of mo in winter wheat, investigations were made regarding the transcription of cold-responsive (cor) genes in abscisic acid (aba)-dependent and aba-independent pathways in winter wheat regulated by mo application under low-temperature str ... | 2009 | 19491090 |
| uptake and acropetal translocation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in field-contaminated soil. | uptake and acropetal translocation of 14 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) by wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in 15 field-contaminated soils were investigated in a growth chamber. pah concentrations in roots correlated positively with the corresponding concentrations in soils and negatively with the contents of soil organic carbon (p < 0.01). no clear linear relationship was found between log rcf (root concentration factor, microg g(-1) root/microg g(-1) soil on dry weight basi ... | 2009 | 19544854 |
| integrated genetic map and genetic analysis of a region associated with root traits on the short arm of rye chromosome 1 in bread wheat. | a rye-wheat centric chromosome translocation 1rs.1bl has been widely used in wheat breeding programs around the world. increased yield of translocation lines was probably a consequence of increased root biomass. in an effort to map loci-controlling root characteristics, homoeologous recombinants of 1rs with 1bs were used to generate a consensus genetic map comprised of 20 phenotypic and molecular markers, with an average spacing of 2.5 cm. physically, all recombination events were located in the ... | 2009 | 19544051 |
| cytokinin-induced changes of nitrogen remobilization and chloroplast ultrastructure in wheat (triticum aestivum). | nitrogen (n) remobilization in wheat (triticum aestivum) plants is crucial because it determines the grain protein concentration and the baking quality of flour. in order to evaluate the influence of cytokinins on n remobilization during n starvation, we analyzed various n remobilization parameters in wheat plants that were watered with 6-benzylaminopurine (bap) either with or without kno(3). besides, the effects of bap on protein synthesis were evaluated, and the size and ultrastructure of chlo ... | 2009 | 19540618 |
| cytogenetic and molecular identification of three triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus translocation addition lines. | chromosome 2c from aegilops cylindrica has the ability to induce chromosome breakage in common wheat (tritivum aestivum). in the bc(1)f(3) generation of the t. aestivum cv. chinese spring and a hybrid between t. aestivum-leymus racemosus lr.7 addition line and t. aestivum-ae. cylindrica 2c addition line, three disomic translocation addition lines (2n = 44) were selected by mitotic chromosome c-banding and genomic in situ hybridization. we further characterized these t. aestivum-l. racemosus tran ... | 2009 | 19539248 |
| effects of overexpression of high molecular weight glutenin subunit 1dy10 on wheat tortilla properties. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) flour properties necessary for optimal tortilla production have not been identified. transgenic wheats (triticum aestivum l.) overexpressing high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) 1dy10 were used to make tortilla and their quality was evaluated. the level of hmw-gs 1dy10 in flours derived from transgenic wheats was 2.5-5.8-fold greater than in controls. polymeric proteins in the transgenic samples had a molecular weight distribution shifted toward larger pol ... | 2009 | 19537784 |
| [cytological and ssr analysis of irradiation-induced progenies of trititrigia substitution line sn0095]. | pollens of trititrigia substitution line sn0095 were radiated with 60co-gamma ray and cytological characters of the progenies m1 and m2 were studied. the results showed that variations with different frequencies and chromosome numbers (2n=41, 2n=40 and 2n=39) were observed in both m1 and m2. abnormal phenomena, such as univalents, multivalents, chromosome fragments, laggard chromosomes, chromosome bridges and micronucleus, appeared in high frequencies during the meiosis. it suggested that irradi ... | 2009 | 19537191 |
| a molecular marker closely linked to the region of rht-d1c and ms2 genes in common wheat (triticum aestivum). | a male sterile wheat mutant, triticum aestivum l. 'taigu', was found in a wheat field in china in 1972. the male sterility was controlled by a single dominant gene that was referred to as ms2. recently, this gene was found to be linked to a dwarfing gene through crossing taigu with the short wheat t. aestivum 'ai-bian 1' carrying the dwarfing gene rht-d1c. the objective of this study was to develop molecular markers linked to the male sterility ms2 gene in common wheat. one hundred and twenty-tw ... | 2009 | 19132076 |
| a quantitative genomic imbalance gene expression assay in a hexaploid species: wheat (triticum aestivum). | responses to allopolyploidy include unequal expression of duplicated genes, gene silencing, and sometimes genomic rearrangements. in plants, the relationship between allelic expression differences arising from changes in regulatory regions and the resulting phenotype is poorly understood because of the complexity of their genomes and lack of efficient methodology to identify regulatory variation. identifying functionally important regulatory variation in crops such as hexaploid wheat (triticum a ... | 2009 | 19132075 |
| genetic loci associated with stem elongation and winter dormancy release in wheat. | in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the stem begins to elongate after the vernalization requirement is satisfied during winter and when favorable temperature and photoperiod conditions are attained in spring. in this study, we precisely measured elongation of the first extended internode on 96 recombinant inbred lines of a population that was generated from a cross between two winter wheat cultivars, jagger (early stem elongation) and 2174 (late stem elongation). we mapped a major locus for ... | 2009 | 19130033 |
| chloroplastic glutamine synthetase is activated by direct binding of aluminium. | acidification of soils may release water soluble, toxic aluminium species from clay minerals. al interferes with a wide range of physical and cellular processes. glutamine synthetase (gs, ec 6.3.1.2) is the key enzyme of primary n assimilation, as well as ammonia reassimilation and detoxification. plant gs requires two magnesium ions per subunit for activity, which makes gs a potential target of metal stress. the objective of this investigation was to prove that al from an organic metal complex ... | 2009 | 19121098 |
| identification of differential gene expression for kr1 gene in bread wheat using annealing control primer system. | intergeneric hybridization is an important strategy to introgress alien genes into common wheat for its improvement. but presence of cross ability barrier mechanism regulated by kr1 gene played a major destructive role for hybridization than other reported genes. in order to know the underlying molecular mechanism and to dissect out this barrier, a new annealing system, acp (anneling control primer) system was used in chromosome 5b (containing kr1 gene) specific recombinant inbred line (ril) pop ... | 2009 | 19105046 |
| a catalogue of triticum monococcum genes encoding toxic and immunogenic peptides for celiac disease patients. | the celiac disease (cd) is an inflammatory condition characterized by injury to the lining of the small-intestine on exposure to the gluten of wheat, barley and rye. the involvement of gluten in the cd syndrome has been studied in detail in bread wheat, where a set of "toxic" and "immunogenic" peptides has been defined. for wheat diploid species, information on cd epitopes is poor. in the present paper, we have adopted a genomic approach in order to understand the potential cd danger represented ... | 2009 | 19104838 |
| nonadditive expression of homoeologous genes is established upon polyploidization in hexaploid wheat. | effects of polyploidy in allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) have primarily been ascribed to increases in coding sequence variation and potential to acquire new gene functions through mutation of redundant loci. however, regulatory variation that arises through new promoter and transcription factor combinations or epigenetic events may also contribute to the effects of polyploidization. in this study, gene expression was characterized in a synthetic t. aestivum line and the t. turgidum an ... | 2009 | 19104075 |
| creation and functional analysis of new puroindoline alleles in triticum aestivum. | the hardness (ha) locus controls grain texture and affects many end-use properties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the ha locus is functionally comprised of the puroindoline a and b genes, pina and pinb, respectively. the lack of pin allelic diversity is a major factor limiting ha functional analyses and wheat quality improvement. in order to create new ha alleles, a 630 member m(2) population was produced in the soft white spring cultivar alpowa using ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenesis. the m( ... | 2009 | 18846362 |
| genomic regions influencing gene expression of the hmw glutenins in wheat. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) produces glutenin storage proteins in the endosperm. the hmw glutenins confer distinct viscoelastic properties to bread dough. the genetics of hmw glutenin proteins have been extensively studied, and information has accumulated about individual subunits, chromosomal locations and dna sequences, but little is known about the regulators of the hmw glutenins. this investigation addressed the question of glutenin regulators. expression of the glutenins was analyzed ... | 2009 | 18839129 |
| identification of differentially expressed proteins between hybrid and parents in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedling leaves. | in spite of commercial use of heterosis in agriculture, the molecular basis of heterosis is poorly understood. to gain a better understanding of the molecular basis of wheat heterosis, we carried out a comparative proteomic analysis in seedling leaves between wheat hybrid and parents. common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) line 3338 and spelt wheat (triticum spelta l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) line 2463 were used to produce a heterotic f(1) hybrid. the expression patterns of the ... | 2009 | 18815767 |
| biochemical and structural characterization of tlxi, the triticum aestivum l. thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor. | thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitors (tlxi) are recently discovered wheat proteins. they belong to the family of the thaumatin-like proteins and inhibit glycoside hydrolase family 11 endoxylanases commonly used in different cereal based (bio)technological processes. we here report on the biochemical characterisation of tlxi. its inhibition activity is temperature- and ph-dependent and shows a maximum at approximately 40 degrees c and ph 5.0. the tlxi structure model, generated with the crystal str ... | 2009 | 18951281 |
| heavy metal accumulation in different varieties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in soil amended with domestic sewage sludge. | the concentrations of heavy metals (hms) in plants served to indicate the metal contamination status of the site, and also revealed the abilities of various plant species to take up and accumulate them from the soil dressed with sewage sludge. a study to comprehend the mobility and transport of hms from soil and soil amended with untreated sewage sludge to different newly breaded varieties of wheat (anmol, tj-83, abadgar and mehran-89) in pakistan. a pot-culture experiment was conducted to study ... | 2009 | 18977590 |
| use of ethylene diurea (edu) in assessing the impact of ozone on growth and productivity of five cultivars of indian wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | increase in concentrations of tropospheric ozone (o(3)) is one of the main factors affecting world agriculture production. tropical countries including india are at greater risk due to their meteorological conditions (high solar radiation and temperature) being conducive to the formation of o(3). the most effective anti-ozonant chemical is n-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl) ethyl]-n-phenylurea or ethylene diurea (edu). due to its specific characteristics, edu has been used in the field as a phytomoni ... | 2009 | 18998224 |
| characterization of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit glu-b3 genes and development of sts markers in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) glu-b3 has a significant influence on the processing quality of the end-use products of common wheat. to characterize the lmw-gs genes at the glu-b3 locus, gene-specific pcr primers were designed to amplify eight near-isogenic lines and cheyenne with different glu-b3 alleles (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i) defined by protein electrophoretic mobility. the complete coding regions of four glu-b3 genes with complete coding sequence were obtained and desi ... | 2009 | 18989655 |
| introgression of bread wheat chromatin into tall wheatgrass via somatic hybridization. | regenerates were obtained following somatic hybridization between tall wheatgrass (agropyron elongatum) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum cv. jinan177) protoplasts. two lines (cu and xi) were self-fertile in the first (r0) and subsequent (r1 and r2) generations. the phenotype of each r1 population was uniform. all cu progeny were phenotypically similar to the tall wheatgrass parent, while xi progeny had thinner, smoother and softer leaves. cytological analysis showed that more wheat chromatin w ... | 2009 | 18985381 |
| ionic liquids in soils: effects of different anion species of imidazolium based ionic liquids on wheat (triticum aestivum) as affected by different clay minerals and clay concentrations. | this study contributes to a prospective hazard assessment of ionic liquids, focusing on the terrestrial environment. the influence of differently composed soils-varying contents of the clay minerals smectite and kaolinite-on the toxicity of different anion species of imidazolium based ionic liquids was studied for growth inhibition of wheat (triticum aestivum). im14 (cf(3)so(2))(2)n appeared the most toxic, independently of the investigated soil type. the toxicity of im14 cl, im14 bf(4) and im14 ... | 2009 | 18932018 |
| [primary and secondary metabolism of winter wheat under cold hardening and treatment with antioxidants]. | the content of saccharides and phenolic compounds (including flavonoids and lignin) and the activity of l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal, ec 4.3.1.5) were determined in leaves and tillering nodes of winter wheat triticum aestivum l.) cultivars inna and moskovskaya 39, differing in the level of frost resistance. these parameters were determined in three groups of plants--control, hardened, and treated with synthetic antioxidants (ambiol and amerol 2000). cold hardening increased accumulation of ... | 2009 | 18822781 |
| nitrate supply induces changes in polyamine content and ethylene production in wheat plants grown with ammonium. | in order to explore the mechanisms of nitrate's beneficial effect on ammonium-grown plants, we investigated the effects of nitrate on free and conjugated polyamine plant content and ethylene biosynthesis in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants grown with ammonium nutrition. two different doses of nitrate (100 microm and 5 mm) were supplied to ammonium-fed plants, in order to determine whether the effects of nitrate require significant doses (nutritional character), or can be promoted by very low ... | 2009 | 18790547 |
| taasy1 promotes homologous chromosome interactions and is affected by deletion of ph1. | during meiosis, chromosomes are sorted into homologous pairs as a preface to their intimate association via recombination and synapsis. however, little is known about the mechanism used to distinguish homologous chromosomes from other chromosomes present in the nucleus. studies in wheat (triticum aestivum) have shown that the pairing homoeologous 1 (ph1) locus is required to suppress interactions between genetically similar homoeologous chromosomes. here we show that absence of ph1 causes increa ... | 2009 | 18826431 |
| effect of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate on the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | although many studies describe ionic liquids (ils) as potentially greener solvents, few studies address their relationship with the environment. recent researches suggest that some ils have toxicity. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([c4mim][bf4]) was reported to have the lowest toxicity among ils. in this work, we studied the toxicity of this il on wheat seedlings. it was shown that wheat germination was reduced to 38.0% in the presence of 4.4 mmol/l [c4mim][bf4] compared with 100% ... | 2009 | 18767141 |
| equilibrium and kinetics of biosorption of cadmium(ii) and copper(ii) ions by wheat straw. | biosorption equilibrium and kinetics of cd(2+) and cu(2+) ions on wheat straw, triticum aestivum, in an aqueous system were investigated. among the models tested, namely the langmuir, freundlich, temkin, and dubinin-radushkevich isotherms, the biosorption equilibrium for both cd(2+) and cu(2+) was best described by the langmuir model. the langmuir biosorption capacity for cd(2+) was about 27% higher than that for cu(2+). it was also found that biosorption of cd(2+) and cu(2+) by wheat straw foll ... | 2009 | 18599289 |
| detection of quantitative trait loci for heading date based on the doubled haploid progeny of two elite chinese wheat cultivars. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) with epistatic and qtl x environment (qe) interaction for heading date were studied using a doubled haploid (dh) population containing 168 progeny lines derived from a cross between two elite chinese wheat cultivars huapei 3 x yumai 57 (triticum aestivum l.). a genetic map was constructed based on 305 marker loci, consisting of 283 ssr loci and 22 est-ssr markers, which covered a total length of 2141.7 cm with an average distance of 7.02 cm between adjacent markers ... | 2009 | 18500653 |
| [the effect of biologically active substances from coniferous plants on the l-phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase activities in wheat leaves]. | the effect of the preparations produced from needles and wood of various coniferous species on the activities of l-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal; ec 4.3.1.5) and peroxidase (po; ec 1.11.1.7), the enzymes involved in the development of plant defense response, was studied. it was demonstrated that treatment of soft wheat (triticum aestivum l.) primary leaves with biological preparations produced from coniferous plants caused a transient increase in pal and po activities. the induction of these ... | 2009 | 18491609 |
| microsatellite-based molecular diversity of bread wheat germplasm and association mapping of wheat resistance to the russian wheat aphid. | genetic diversity of a set of 71 wheat accessions, including 53 biotype 2 russian wheat aphid (rwa2)-resistant landraces and 18 rwa2 susceptible accessions, was assessed by examining molecular variation at multiple microsatellite (ssr) loci. fifty-one wheat ssr primer pairs were used, 81 ssr loci were determined, and 545 ssr alleles were detected. these ssr loci covered all the three genomes, 21 chromosomes, and at least 41 of the 42 chromosome arms. diversity values averaged over ssr loci were ... | 2009 | 18392559 |
| [genetic analysis of the traits introgressed from aegilops speltoides tausch. to common wheat and determined by chromosome 5a genes]. | a winter common wheat accession from the arsenal collection was genetically examined to study the results of introgression, which substantially changed the physiological and morphological traits of the original spring cultivar rodina. apart from its winter habit, the accession was characterized by awned speltoid spikes, suggesting introgression into chromosome 5a, which carried marker genes in the order vrn-al-q-bl. genetic analysis showed that the chromosome fragment introgressed from aegilops ... | 2009 | 19705742 |
| seed-specific expression of the wheat puroindoline genes improves maize wet milling yields. | the texture of maize (zea mays l.) seeds is important to seed processing properties, and soft dent maize is preferred for both wet-milling and livestock feed applications. the puroindoline genes (pina and pinb) are the functional components of the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) hardness locus and together function to create soft grain texture in wheat. the pins (pina and pinb) are believed to act by binding to lipids on the surface of starch granules, preventing tight adhesion between starch granu ... | 2009 | 19702647 |
| genetic dissection of chlorophyll content at different growth stages in common wheat. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) for chlorophyll content were studied using a doubled haploid (dh) population with 168 progeny lines, derived from a cross between two elite chinese wheat cultivars huapei 3 x yumai 57. chlorophyll content was evaluated at the maximum tillering stage (ms), the heading stage (hs), and the grain filling stage (gs), at three different environments in 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons. qtl analyses were performed using a mixed linear model approach. a total of 17 additive ... | 2009 | 19700856 |
| direct measures of mechanical energy for knife mill size reduction of switchgrass, wheat straw, and corn stover. | lengthy straw/stalk of biomass may not be directly fed into grinders such as hammer mills and disc refiners. hence, biomass needs to be preprocessed using coarse grinders like a knife mill to allow for efficient feeding in refiner mills without bridging and choking. size reduction mechanical energy was directly measured for switchgrass (panicum virgatum l.), wheat straw (triticum aestivum l.), and corn stover (zea mays l.) in an instrumented knife mill. direct power inputs were determined for di ... | 2009 | 19683916 |
| rapid and non-invasive analysis of deoxynivalenol in durum and common wheat by fourier-transform near infrared (ft-nir) spectroscopy. | fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (ft-nir) was used for rapid and non-invasive analysis of deoxynivalenol (don) in durum and common wheat. the relevance of using ground wheat samples with a homogeneous particle size distribution to minimize measurement variations and avoid don segregation among particles of different sizes was established. calibration models for durum wheat, common wheat and durum + common wheat samples, with particle size <500 microm, were obtained by using partial l ... | 2009 | 19680966 |
| wheat stripe rust resistance genes yr5 and yr7 are allelic. | stripe rust is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. breeding for resistance is the most economical and environmentally acceptable means to control stripe rust. genetic studies on resistance sources are very important. previous inheritance studies on triticum aestivum subsp. spelta cv. album and wheat cultivar lee showed that each possessed a single dominant gene for stripe rust resistance, i.e., yr5 and yr7, respectively. both were located on the long arm of chromosome 2b, but due to t ... | 2009 | 19763533 |
| mlag12: a triticum timopheevii-derived powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat on chromosome 7al. | wheat powdery mildew is an economically important disease in cool and humid environments. powdery mildew causes yield losses as high as 48% through a reduction in tiller survival, kernels per head, and kernel size. race-specific host resistance is the most consistent, environmentally friendly and, economical method of control. the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germplasm line nc06bgtag12 possesses genetic resistance to powdery mildew introgressed from the aagg tetraploid genome triticum timopheevi ... | 2009 | 19760389 |
| qtl mapping for adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in italian common wheat cultivars libellula and strampelli. | italian common wheat cultivars libellula and strampelli, grown for over three decades in gansu province of china, have shown effective resistance to stripe rust. to elucidate the genetic basis of the resistance, f(3) populations were developed from crosses between the two cultivars and susceptible chinese wheat cultivar huixianhong. the f(3) lines were evaluated for disease severity in beijing, gansu and sichuan from 2005 to 2008. joint- and single-environment analyses by composite interval mapp ... | 2009 | 19756474 |
| analysis of diversity and linkage disequilibrium along chromosome 3b of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a highly polymorphic core collection of bread wheat and a more narrow-based breeding material, gathered from pedigrees of seven modern cultivars, was analysed in order to compare genetic diversity indices and linkage disequilibrium (ld) patterns along the chromosome 3b with microsatellite (ssr) and diversity arrays technology markers. five ancestral gene pools could be identified within the core collection, indicating a strong geographical structure (northwest europe, southeast europe, cimmyt-ic ... | 2009 | 19756470 |
| in planta mutagenesis determines the functional regions of the wheat puroindoline proteins. | in planta analysis of protein function in a crop plant could lead to improvements in understanding protein structure/function relationships as well as selective agronomic or end product quality improvements. the requirements for successful in planta analysis are a high mutation rate, an efficient screening method, and a trait with high heritability. two ideal targets for functional analysis are the puroindoline a and puroindoline b (pina and pinb, respectively) genes, which together compose the ... | 2009 | 19752217 |
| toxicological responses in wheat triticum aestivum under joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper. | it was observed in this work that joint effects of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper on chlorophyll content, the peroxidases (pod) activity, superoxide dismutases (sod) activity and soluble protein content in leaves and roots of wheat were markedly significant. the chlorophyll content and the sod activity in wheat under joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper were obviously higher than that under single stress of chlorimuron-ethyl. however, joint effect of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper on the dec ... | 2009 | 19748121 |
| genotyping of the q locus in wheat by a simple pcr-rflp method. | the q locus located on the long arm of chromosome 5a is a key factor in evolution and widespread cultivation of domesticated wheat. the q locus pleiotropically affects many agronomically important traits including threshability, glume shape and tenacity, rachis fragility and others. genotyping of the q locus based on the complex traits is ambiguous due to their multi-genetic control through interactions with the q locus. to determine the q locus genotype of wheat accessions possessing a genome, ... | 2009 | 19745572 |
| sampling plans for the psocids liposcelis entomophila and liposcelis decolor (psocoptera: liposcelididae) in steel bins containing wheat. | psocids are an emerging problem in grain storage, handling, and processing facilities in the united states. we used data from two steel bins each containing 32.6 metric tonnes of wheat, triticum aestivum l., to develop sampling plans for liposcelis entomophila (enderlein), liposcelis decolor (pearman) (both psocoptera: liposcelididae), and a mixture of the two species. taylor's coefficients a (a sampling factor) and b (an index of aggregation) for these pests were calculated and incorporated int ... | 2009 | 19736788 |
| a proteomic study of the response to salinity and drought stress in an introgression strain of bread wheat. | the effect of drought and salinity stress on the seedlings of the somatic hybrid wheat cv. shanrong no. 3 (sr3) and its parent bread wheat cv. jinan 177 (jn177) was investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. of a set of 93 (root) and 65 (leaf) differentially expressed proteins (deps), 34 (root) and six (leaf) deps were cultivar-specific. the remaining deps were salinity/drought stress-responsive but not cultivar-specific. many of the deps were expressed under b ... | 2009 | 19734139 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of the wheat b genome subtelomeric dna. | telomeric and subtelomeric regions are essential for genome stability and regular chromosome replication. in this work, we have characterized the wheat bac (bacterial artificial chromosome) clones containing spelt1 and spelt52 sequences, which belong to the subtelomeric repeats of the b/g genomes of wheats and aegilops species from the section sitopsis. | 2009 | 19732459 |
| creating s-type characteristics in the f-type enzyme fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase of triticum aestivum l. | invertases cleave sucrose in glucose and fructose, using water as an acceptor. fructosyltransferases catalyse the transfer of a fructosyl residue between sucrose and/or fructan molecules. plant fructosyltransferases (fts) evolved from vacuolar invertases by small mutational changes, leading to differences in substrate specificity. the s-type of enzymes (invertases, sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferases or 1-ssts, and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferases or 6-sfts) prefer sucrose as the dono ... | 2009 | 19726634 |
| variation of b chromosome associated with tissue culture in wheat-rye cross. | in vitro variation of b chromosomes was studied by examining the callus cells derived from the immature embryos from a cross of chinese spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and fin 7416 rye (secale cereale l.) carrying two b chromosomes. in 40-d-old callus cells, the numbers of b chromosomes ranged from one to four in 65.6% of the cells observed. the distribution of b chromosome numbers was associated with the ploidy levels of the normal chromosomes (a chromosomes). the frequency of the cells wit ... | 2009 | 19723242 |
| protein phosphatase activity and sucrose-mediated induction of fructan synthesis in wheat. | in this work, we analyze protein phosphatase (pp) involvement in the sucrose-mediated induction of fructan metabolism in wheat (triticum aestivum). the addition of okadaic acid (oa), a pp-inhibitor, to sucrose-fed leaves reduced fructosylsucrose-synthesizing activity (fss) induction in a dose-dependent manner. the expression of the two enzymes that contribute to fss activity, 1-sst (1-sucrose:sucrose fructosyltransferase, e.c. 2.4.1.99) and 6-sft (6-sucrose:fructan fructosyltransferase, e.c. 2.4 ... | 2009 | 19714360 |
| ammonium nitrate improves direct somatic embryogenesis and biolistic transformation of triticum aestivum. | triticum aestivum is of major importance both nutritionally and economically. introduction of new genes has been difficult to apply to elite wheat varieties mainly as a result of their recalcitrance to prerequisite tissue culture. we attempted to improve the frequency of wheat transformation by exposing plants to high level of ammonium nitrate. our experiments showed that modification of the ammonium nitrate content in the direct somatic embryogenesis induction medium can increase the number of ... | 2009 | 19818315 |
| drought-induced changes in photosynthetic membranes of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars contrasting in architectonics and differing in drought resistance, azamatli-95 (short stature, vertically oriented small leaves, drought-tolerant) and giymatli-2/17 (short stature, broad and drooping leaves, drought-sensitive), were studied. it was found that the content of cp i (115 kda) and 63-kda apoprotein p700 and also lhc ii polypeptides increases slightly in the drought-resistant cv. azamatli-95 under extreme water supply limitation, while their ... | 2009 | 19817691 |
| influence of the production method on phytochemical concentrations in whole wheat (triticum aestivum l.): a comparative study. | the present study was performed to evaluate the concentrations of phytochemicals (carotenoids and phenolic acids) in wheat varieties grown under comparable organic and conventional conditions over three years as part of a long-term field trial. phenolic acids of the hydroxybenzoic acid and hydroxycinnamic acid group were quantified by hplc-dad after extraction as free, soluble conjugated, and bound forms. furthermore, the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin were determined by hplc-dad. there were ... | 2009 | 19817369 |
| wheat quality related differential expressions of albumins and globulins revealed by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-d dige). | comparative proteomics analysis offers a new approach to identify differential proteins among different wheat genotypes and developmental stages. in this study, the non-prolamin expression profiles during grain development of two common or bread wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.), jing 411 and sunstate, with different quality properties were analyzed using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-d dige). five grain developmental stages during the post-anthesis period were sampled c ... | 2009 | 19815103 |
| pyrene effects on rhizoplane bacterial communities. | certain plant species promote biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), but few studies have examined the microbial populations that are associated with the rhizoplane of these plants. in this study, the bacterial composition of the rhizoplane were characterized for four plant species during in soils with different histories of exposure to pah and in the presence or absence of a pyrene spike at 100 mg kg(-1) pyrene. three of the plant species including andropogon gerrardii, pani ... | 2009 | 19810358 |
| optimization of extraction of lipase from wheat seeds (triticum aestivum) by response surface methodology. | this work aimed to evaluate the effects of particle size, solid/solvent ratio (w/v), and reaction time on hydrolytic and esterification activities of a lipase extract from wheat seeds. the higher hydrolytic activity was 5.9 u/g with a particle size of 425 microm, solid/solvent ratio of 30:60 (w/v), and reaction time of 15 h, with maximum hydrolytic activity of 14.47 u/g after 24 h of precipitation. for esterification activity the best result was 57.88 u/g with a particle size of 425 microm and s ... | 2009 | 19803518 |
| responses of wheat seedlings to cadmium, mercury and trichlorobenzene stresses. | the molecular response of wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. yangmai 13) seedlings to heavy metal (cd, hg) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (tcb) stresses were examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, image analysis, and peptide mass fingerprinting. the results showed inhibitions of root and shoot growth by cd, hg, and tcb. these stresses led to water deficit and lipid phosphorylation in the seedling which also promoted protein phophorylation in the leaves. hg stress inhibited protein synthesis ... | 2009 | 19803087 |
| enzymatic properties of the 20s proteasome in wheat endosperm and its biochemical characteristics after seed imbibition. | the 20s proteasome from wheat (triticum aestivum l., yangmai 158) endosperm was purified to apparent homogeneity by three sequential centrifugations and gradient page (gpage). the purified 20s proteasome clearly cleaved peptidyl-arylamide bonds in the model synthetic substrates z-ggl-amc and z-ggr-amc, which are used to reflect chymotrypsin-like and trypsin-like activity, respectively. for both substrates, the optimum ph was 8.0, but the optimum temperatures for chymotrypsin-like and trypsin-lik ... | 2009 | 19796362 |
| utilization of blue-grained character in wheat breeding derived from thinopyrum poticum. | the blue grain trait in common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n=6x=42, aabbdd), which is caused by blue pigments in the aleurone layer, was originally derived from the tall wheatgrass (thinopyrum ponticum liu & wang=agropyron elongatum, 2n=10x=70, ststststeeeeebebexex) during chromosome engineering research. over the last few decades, there have been continued interests in the genetic mechanism of this blue coloration and the practical utilization of the blue aleurone character as a phenotypic ma ... | 2009 | 19782959 |
| synthetic hexaploid wheat and its utilization for wheat genetic improvement in china. | synthetic hexaploid wheat (triticum turgidumxaegilops tauschii) was created to explore for novel genes from t. turgidum and ae. tauschii that can be used for common wheat improvement. in the present paper, research advances on the utilization of synthetic hexaploid wheat for wheat genetic improvement in china are reviewed. over 200 synthetic hexaploid wheat (shw) accessions from the international maize and wheat improvement centre (cimmyt) were introduced into china since 1995. four cultivars de ... | 2009 | 19782955 |
| effects of elevated co2 on grain yield and quality of wheat: results from a 3-year free-air co2 enrichment experiment. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. triso) was grown for three consecutive seasons in a free-air carbon dioxide (co(2)) enrichment (face) field experiment in order to examine the effects on crop yield and grain quality. co(2) enrichment promoted aboveground biomass (+11.8%) and grain yield (+10.4%). however, adverse effects were predominantly observed on wholegrain quality characteristics. although the thousand-grain weight remained unchanged, size distribution was significantly shifted towar ... | 2009 | 19778369 |
| localisation of quantitative trait loci for quality attributes in a doubled haploid population of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | selection of wheat germplasm for a range of quality traits has been a challenging exercise because of the cost of testing, the variation within testing data, and a poor understanding of the underlying genetics. the objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) underlying quality traits in wheat. a doubled haploid population comprising 190 lines from chara/ww2449 was grown in two different environments and evaluated for various quality traits. a molecular map comprising 3 ... | 2009 | 19767900 |
| [a search for high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin from triticum timopheevi zhuk. in the lines of common wheat (triticum aestivum l. x triticum timopheevi zhuk.)]. | the study is a continuation of investigation of prolamins in brown rust-resistant introgressive lines of common wheat, produced with participation of triticum timopheeevi zhuk. two wheat lines with a substitution of the glu-1 loci of t. timopheevi were identified. line 684 had high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits encoded by 1ax, as well as by 1ay gene, which was silent in commercial lines. it was demonstrated that line 684 could serve as a source of the glu-at1 locus. line 186 carried the glu ... | 2009 | 19824551 |
| [features of the regulation of meiotic restitution in androgenic haploids of wheat-rye substitution lines 2r(2d)1, 2r(2d)3, and 6r(6a) (triticum aestivum l., cultivar saratovskaya 29/secale cereale l., cultivar onokhoiskaya)]. | regulation of meiotic restitution in androgenic haploids generated by cultivation of isolated pollinators of three wheat-rye substitution lines 2r(2d)1, 2r(2d)3, and 6r(6a) (triticum aestivum l., cultivar saratovskaya 29/secale cereale l., cultivar onokhoiskaya) was studied. the presence of rye chromosomes and the absence of homeologous wheat chromosomes in the haploid plant genome was shown to cause meiotic restitution, as observed in the case of androgenic haploids 6r(6a), or to inhibit in--in ... | 2009 | 19824541 |
| nucleotide polymorphism in the wheat transcriptional activator spa influences its pattern of expression and has pleiotropic effects on grain protein composition, dough viscoelasticity, and grain hardness. | storage protein activator (spa) is a key regulator of the transcription of wheat (triticum aestivum) grain storage protein genes and belongs to the opaque2 transcription factor subfamily. we analyzed the sequence polymorphism of the three homoeologous spa genes in hexaploid wheat. the level of polymorphism in these genes was high particularly in the promoter. the deduced protein sequences of each homoeolog and haplotype show greater than 93% identity. two major haplotypes were studied for each s ... | 2009 | 19828671 |
| [exploring novel hyperspectral band and key index for leaf nitrogen accumulation in wheat]. | the objectives of the present study were to explore new sensitive spectral bands and ratio spectral indices based on precise analysis of ground-based hyperspectral information, and then develop regression model for estimating leaf n accumulation per unit soil area (lna) in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). three field experiments were conducted with different n rates and cultivar types in three consecutive growing seasons, and time-course measurements were taken on canopy hyperspectral reflec ... | 2009 | 19839336 |
| cloning and phylogenetic analysis of phytoene synthase 1 (psy1) genes in common wheat and related species. | cloning and phylogenetic analysis of psy1 genes in common wheat and its relatives would help to understand the genetic diversity and evolution of psy1 gene in common wheat and its related species. in the present study, common wheat (aabbdd) and eight relative species, including t. urartu (a(u)a(u)), t. boeoticum (a(m)a(m)), t. monococcum (a(m)a(m)), ae. speltoides (ss), ae. tauschii (dd), t. dicoccoides (aabb), t. dicoccum (aabb) and t. spelta (aabbdd), were sampled for the isolation of novel al ... | 2009 | 19891741 |
| [genetic differentiation of hexaploid wheat inferred from analysis of microsatellite loci]. | landraces of wheat can serve as important potential sources for extending the genetic basis of selection cultivars. analysis of microsatellites and typing of polymorphism in a representative sample of 347 genotypes, including landraces and selection cultivars, was performed using a set of 38 selected oligonucleotide primer pairs. classification of genotypes with respect to the level of their similarity was performed using cluster analysis. the data obtained pointed to genetic differentiation of ... | 2009 | 20058799 |
| evaluation of alternative planting strategies to reduce wheat stem sawfly (hymenoptera: cephidae) damage to spring wheat in the northern great plains. | wheat, triticum aestivum l., producers are often reluctant to use solid-stemmed wheat cultivars resistant to wheat stem sawfly, cephus cinctus norton (hymenoptera: cephidae), due to concerns regarding yield, efficacy or market opportunities. we evaluated the impact of several planting strategies on wheat yield and quality and wheat stem sawfly infestation at two locations over a three-year period. experimental units consisted of large plots (50 by 200 m) located on commercial farms adjacent to w ... | 2009 | 20069842 |
| wireworm management i: stand protection versus wireworm mortality with wheat seed treatments. | the efficacy of various insecticidal seed treatments in protecting wheat, triticum aestivum l., from wireworm damage as well as reducing wireworm (coleoptera: elateridae) populations was studied over 3 yr. protection from wireworm damage was measured by postplanting stand counts, and effects on wireworm populations were measured by within-row core samples and by bait traps placed in plots the following spring. the effects of treatments on populations of larger wireworms already present at planti ... | 2009 | 20069841 |
| [effects of water stress on protein expression and physiological properties of different genotype wheat (triticum aestivum l.) sprouts]. | with drought-resistant wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivar changwu 134 and drought-sensitive cultivar zhengyin 1 as test materials, and by using -1.2 mpa peg 6000 to treat their seeds, this paper studied the protein expression and physiological properties of the sprouts under different soil moisture conditions. sds-page analysis showed that water stress induced the production of two new proteins with molecular weights of 39.5 kda and 23.0 kda in changwu 134 but not in zhengyin 1 sprouts. under no ... | 2009 | 20030136 |
| molecular genetic description of the cryptic wheat-aegilops geniculata introgression carrying rust resistance genes lr57 and yr40 using wheat ests and synteny with rice. | the cryptic wheat-alien translocation t5dl.5ds-5mgs(0.95), with leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes lr57 and yr40 transferred from aegilops geniculata (ugmg) into common wheat, was further analyzed. molecular genetic analysis using physically mapped ests showed that the alien segment in t5dl.5ds-5mgs(0.95) represented only a fraction of the wheat deletion bin 5ds2-0.78-1.00 and was less than 3.3 cm in length in the diploid wheat genetic map. comparative genomic analysis indicated a high l ... | 2009 | 19953130 |
| [features of alloplasmic wheat-barley substitution and addition lines (hordeum marinum subsp. gussoneanum)-triticum aestivum]. | two alloplasmic wheat-barley substitution lines were studied: a line replaced at three pairs of chromosomes 1hmr((ib), 5hmar(5d), and 7hmar(7d), and the disomic-substituted line 7hma(7d). the lines were constructed on the basis of individual plants from bcif8- and bc2f6 progeny of barley-wheat hybrids (h. marinum subsp. gussoneanum hudson (=h. geniculatum all.) (2n = 28) x t. aestivum l.) (2n = 42) (pyrotrix 28), respectively. moreover, the alloplasmic wheat-barley ditelosomic addition line 7hlm ... | 2009 | 19947550 |
| efficient mapping of a female sterile gene in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | studies on inheritance of fertility are of great importance in wheat breeding. although substantial progress has been achieved in molecular characterization of male sterility and fertility restoration recently, little effort has been devoted to female sterility. to identify the gene(s) controlling female sterility in wheat efficiently, an investigation was conducted for the seed setting ratio using a set of f2 populations derived from the cross between a female sterile line xnd126 and an elite c ... | 2009 | 19922697 |
| partitioning of phenanthrene by root cell walls and cell wall fractions of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | plant cells have been reported to play an important role in the uptake of organic contaminants. this study was undertaken to provide an insight into the role of the root cell walls and their subfractions on sorption of phenanthrene to roots of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). root cell walls were isolated and further sequentially fractioned by removing pectin, hemicellulose one, and hemicellulose two. they were characterized by elemental analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and solid- ... | 2009 | 19921856 |
| localization of rad50, a single-copy gene, on group 5 chromosomes of wheat, using a fish protocol employing tyramide for signal amplification (tyr-fish). | an indirect tyramide signal amplification fish technique (tyr-fish) was adapted to detect single-copy genes in plants. in this study, rad50 loci (responsible for a protein involved in the repair of breaks in double-stranded dna) were localized on the chromosomes of homologous group 5 in common wheat (triticum aestivum). three loci, rad50a, rad50b and rad50d, none of which have been previously mapped using any kind of molecular approach, were localized at similar positions on the short arm of chr ... | 2009 | 19864895 |
| wheat (triticum aestivum) nam proteins regulate the translocation of iron, zinc, and nitrogen compounds from vegetative tissues to grain. | the nam-b1 gene is a nac transcription factor that affects grain nutrient concentrations in wheat (triticum aestivum). an rnai line with reduced expression of nam genes has lower grain protein, iron (fe), and zinc (zn) concentrations. to determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. control and rnai wheat were grown in potting mi ... | 2009 | 19858116 |
| molecular cytogenetic characterization of a new wheat-thinopyrum intermedium partial amphiploid resistant to powdery mildew and stripe rust. | a partial amphiploid, te253, derived from crosses between the common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar yannong 15 and thinopyrum intermedium (host) barkworth & d.r. dewey was characterized by cytogenetic observations, disease resistance tests and genomic in situ hybridization (gish). mitotic observations showed that most plants of te253 had 56 chromosomes, but a few had 54 or 55 chromosomes. the chromosomes in most pollen mother cells of plants with 2n = 56 formed 28 bivalents. univalents (0 ... | 2009 | 20016129 |
| computational identification of micrornas and their targets in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of endogenous, non-coding, short (approximately 21 nt) rnas directly involved in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. previous reports have noted that plant mirnas in the plant kingdom are highly conserved, which provides the foundation for identification of conserved mirnas in other plant species through homology alignment. conserved mirnas in wheat are identified using est (expressed sequence tags) and gss analysis. all previously known m ... | 2009 | 19937208 |
| chromosomal location of the cadmium uptake gene (cdu1) in durum wheat. | levels of the heavy metal cadmium (cd) in food products are a food safety concern. grain cd is higher in durum (triticum turgidum l. var. durum) than in common wheat, so reduction of cd in durum grain is a priority of breeding programs. previous research demonstrated that a single dominant gene, cdu1, confers the low grain cd phenotype, but the map location of the gene is not known. a doubled haploid population segregating for cd concentration, developed from the cross of w9262-260d3 (a kyle*2/b ... | 2009 | 19935921 |
| [fish analysis of a crw-homology sequence from pseudoroegneria spicata in thinopyrum ponticum and th. intermedium]. | to verify the genome components of thinopyrum ponticum liu alt; wang and th. intermedium [host] barkworth alt; dewey, six specific primer pairs were designed according to the sequence of an autonomous centromeric retrotransposon of wheat (crw) from triticum boeoticum. several dna fragments were amplified by pcr from the genomic dna of the diploid species pseudoroegneria spicata a löve. after sequence alignment, a 1.755 kb fragment was obtained and named as pstc1 (st genome centromere associated ... | 2009 | 19933096 |
| [a study of the storage proteins in the introgression lines of common wheat (triticum aestivum l. x t. timopheevii zhuk.) resistant to brown leaf rust]. | storage proteins, prolamins, were studied in ten introgression lines of common wheat bred with involvement of triticum timopheevii zhuk. and five commercial hexaploid wheat cultivars. the lines are resistant to leaf rust. a comparative analysis of the storage proteins in the triticum aestivum l. introgression lines and the parental forms allowed us to (1) detect the active genes of prolamins on the chromosomes homeologous groups 1 and 6 in the introgression lines of t. aestivum and t. timopheevi ... | 2009 | 19382688 |
| [marker characters of variation induced in triticum aestivum l. by nicotinic acid]. | a search for markers of epigenetic variability in spring common wheat form genotroph-1, obtained after the treatment of seeds and growing plants of spring common wheat cultivar kazakhstanskaya-126 with nicotinic acid of innate origin (0.1-0.01% water solutions), and in a winter wheat line gostianum-88 along with a common wheat cultivar alem obtained on the basis of genotroph-1 was conducted under laboratory conditions. the possibility of using isoenzymes as markers for studying variation induced ... | 2009 | 19382687 |
| simultaneous selection of major and minor genes: use of qtl to increase selection efficiency of coleoptile length of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | plant breeders simultaneously select for qualitative traits controlled by one or a small number of major genes, as well as for polygenic traits controlled by multiple genes that may be detected as quantitative trait loci (qtl). in this study, we applied computer simulation to investigate simultaneous selection for alleles at both major and minor gene (as qtl) loci in breeding populations of two wheat parental lines, hm14bs and sunstate. loci targeted for selection included six major genes affect ... | 2009 | 19360392 |
| removing celiac disease-related gluten proteins from bread wheat while retaining technological properties: a study with chinese spring deletion lines. | gluten proteins can induce celiac disease (cd) in genetically susceptible individuals. in cd patients gluten-derived peptides are presented to the immune system, which leads to a cd4+ t-cell mediated immune response and inflammation of the small intestine. however, not all gluten proteins contain t-cell stimulatory epitopes. gluten proteins are encoded by multigene loci present on chromosomes 1 and 6 of the three different genomes of hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum) (aabbdd). | 2009 | 19351412 |
| the characterization and geographical distribution of the genes responsible for vernalization requirement in chinese bread wheat. | the frequency and distribution of the major vernalization requirement genes and their effects on growth habits were studied. of the 551 bread wheat genotypes tested, seven allelic combinations of the three vrn-1 genes were found to be responsible for the spring habit, three for the facultative habit and one for the winter habit. the three vrn-1 genes behaved additively with the dominant allele of vrn-a1 exerting the strongest effect. the allele combinations of the facultative genotypes and the d ... | 2009 | 19341410 |
| decorrelating source and sink determinism of nitrogen remobilization during grain filling in wheat. | nitrogen (n) remobilization is the major source of n for grain filling in wheat, the other being n uptake after anthesis (n(up)); however, variations in remobilization efficiency are not fully understood. it is hard to tell whether the source or the sink effects predominate, because n in the culm at anthesis (n(ant)) correlates strongly with both n remobilization (n(rem)) and grain number (g(n)), respectively the main source and the main sink. | 2009 | 19339296 |
| the three classes of wheat xylanase-inhibiting proteins accumulate in an analogous way during wheat ear development and germination. | wheat contains high levels of the three classes of xylanase inhibitors (xis), triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (taxi), xylanase-inhibiting protein (xip) and thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor (tlxi). these proteins have been linked to plant defense. in this study, expression of xis during wheat ear development and germination was examined using immunoblotting. the three types of xis accumulated at high levels between the milky and the soft dough stages of ear development, and reached the high ... | 2009 | 19339078 |
| [genetic diversity of local spring soft wheats (triticum aestivum l.) of west and east siberia in gliadin genes]. | a considerable polymorphism in gliadin genes was detected in the local wheats of west siberia (altai krai, omsk oblast, and kurgan oblast) and the local cultivars characteristic of several east siberian regions (krasnoyarsk krai, irkutsk oblast, tuva, and yakutia), and the genetic formulas were determined. the common alleles characteristic of the wheats of both regions were detected, namely, gli-a1f, gli-a1j, gli-a1i, gli-a1m, gli-b1e, gli-b1m, gli-d1a, gli-a2q, gli-a2k, gli-a2u, gli-d2a, and gl ... | 2009 | 19334616 |