Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| dominant-negative rho, rac, and cdc42 facilitate the invasion process of vibrio parahaemolyticus into caco-2 cells. | to clarify the invasive process of vibrio parahaemolyticus, an invasion assay was performed using cells expressing dominant negative small gtpases of the rho family. this assay showed that the dominant negative host phenotype facilitates bacterial invasion, suggesting that the mechanism of v. parahaemolyticus invasion differs from that reported for other invasive bacteria. | 2002 | 11796633 |
| identification and characterization of pvua, a gene encoding the ferric vibrioferrin receptor protein in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | we previously reported that vibrio parahaemolyticus expresses two outer membrane proteins of 78 and 83 kda concomitant with production of siderophore vibrioferrin in response to iron starvation stress and that these proteins are the ferric vibrioferrin receptor and heme receptor, respectively (s. yamamoto, t. akiyama, n. okujo, s. matsuura, and s. shinoda, microbiol. immunol. 39:759-766, 1995; s. yamamoto, y. hara, k. tomochika, and s. shinoda, fems microbiol. lett. 128:195-200, 1995). in this s ... | 2002 | 11807053 |
| vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus in u.s. retail shell oysters: a national survey from june 1998 to july 1999. | from june 1998 to july 1999, 370 lots of oysters in the shell were sampled at 275 different establishments (71%, restaurants or oyster bars; 27%, retail seafood markets: and 2%, wholesale seafood markets) in coastal and inland markets throughout the united states. the oysters were harvested from the gulf (49%). pacific (14%), mid-atlantic (18%), and north atlantic (11%) coasts of the united states and from canada (8%). densities of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus were determined us ... | 2002 | 11808810 |
| characterization of united states outbreak isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) pcr and development of a rapid pcr method for detection of o3:k6 isolates. | outbreaks of vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis in the united states (texas, new york and pacific northwest) in 1997-98 emphasized the need to develop molecular methods for identification and differentiation of these organisms. when outbreak isolates were analyzed for the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences, the texas and new york outbreak isolates had a specific 850-bp dna fragment that was absent in pacific northwest isolates. the 850-bp polymerase chain reaction (pc ... | 2002 | 11814665 |
| microbial risks in mild hot smoking of fish. | hot smoked fish should fulfill the requirements set up for ready-to-eat foods. the total bacterial count on the raw material is 10(3) to 10(5) cfu per cm2 of skin and 10(2) to 10(9) cfu per gram of intestines. contamination with pathogenic bacteria is very low, mainly with clostridium botulinum, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and vibrio parahaemolyticus. in the premises of low hygiene, the contamination may increase due to unsanitary procedures, rotation of assigned duties of wor ... | 2002 | 11833636 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a novel metalloprotease gene from vibrio parahaemolyticus 04. | the metalloprotease gene (vppc) from vibrio parahaemolyticus 04 has been cloned and sequenced. the vppc gene contains an open reading frame of 2442 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 814 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 89,833 da. the predicted amino acid sequence of vppc containing a zinc metalloprotease hexxh consensus motif displays extensive homology to the collagenase from vibrio alginolyticus. the activity of the recombinant protease produced in escherichia coli was exami ... | 2002 | 11867235 |
| effects of depuration of molluscs experimentally contaminated with escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae 01 and vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the behaviour of two pathogenic vibrios (vibrio cholerae o1 and vibrio parahaemolyticus) during depuration and to compare it with that of escherichia coli, used as an indicator of suitability for consumption. | 2002 | 11872121 |
| identification and functional characterization of flgm, a gene encoding the anti-sigma 28 factor in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | we describe here the functional characterization of the putative flgm gene of pseudomonas aeruginosa. flgm of p. aeruginosa is most similar to flgm of vibrio parahaemolyticus. a conserved region is present in the c-terminal half of the flgm of p. aeruginosa and in flgm homologues of other organisms that includes the sigma(28) binding domain. a role for the flgm gene of p. aeruginosa in motility was demonstrated by its inactivation. the beta-galactosidase activity of a transcriptional fusion of t ... | 2002 | 11872701 |
| molecular analysis of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from human patients and shellfish during us pacific north-west outbreaks. | aims: the objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of haemolysin genes, plasmid profile, serogroup analysis and cellular urease activity for vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from infected human patients and oysters from the pacific north-western united states between 1988 and 1997. methods and results: all of the clinical and environmental isolates tested in this study exhibited the presence of the thermolabile haemolysin gene, tl, confirming that all of the iso ... | 2002 | 11874534 |
| a ligand-dependent conformational change of the na+/galactose cotransporter of vibrio parahaemolyticus, monitored by tryptophan fluorescence. | purification and reconstitution of the active vibrio parahaemolyticus na+/galactose transporter (vsglt) enables us to do protein chemistry studies on a representative member of this class of membrane transporters. by measuring intrinsic tryptophan (trp) fluorescence, conformational changes on the binding of substrates could be investigated. trp fluorescence increased by 6% on the addition of saturating levels of both na+ and d-galactose, with a k0.5 for d-galactose of 0.6 mm. no change was seen ... | 2002 | 11891582 |
| effects of heat shock on the thermotolerance, protein composition, and toxin production of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, an important seafood-associated enteropathogen, usually encounters different adverse conditions in its native or food-processing environment, and the stresses resulting from these conditions may affect the survival of this pathogen and thus change its risk with regard to food hygiene. in this study, we investigated the thermotolerance of v. parahaemolyticus under sublethal heat shock and characterized this response by examining the changes in protein profiles and toxin p ... | 2002 | 11899049 |
| antimicrobial synergistic effect of linolenic acid and monoglyceride against bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus. | the antimicrobial effect of linolenic acid with or without monoglyceride (glycerol laurate or glycerol myristate) against six food-borne microorganisms was determined in broth medium. minimum inhibitory concentration of linolenic acid on bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus was 20 and 50 ppm, respectively. the growth of b. cereus treated with linolenic acid at 10 ppm with 10 ppm monoglyceride was more inhibitory than that of linolenic acid alone, and the viable cell population was reduced 2 ... | 2002 | 11902977 |
| levels of thermostable direct hemolysin produced by vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 and other serovars grown anaerobically with the presence of a bile acid. | twenty-three v. parahaemolyticus strains, including 12 pandemic o3:k6 strains, were examined for their growth and production of thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) under an anaerobic culture condition with or without presence of a bile acid, taurocholic acid (tca). both bacterial growth and tdh production were markedly enhanced by tca for a majority of the strains, but the scale of the tdh production was disproportionately greater than that of the corresponding growth for 14 strains. such enhanc ... | 2002 | 11910503 |
| antibacterial activity of chitosans and chitosan oligomers with different molecular weights. | antibacterial activities of six chitosans and six chitosan oligomers with different molecular weights (mws) were examined against four gram-negative (escherichia coli, pseudomonas fluorescens, salmonella typhimurium, and vibrio parahaemolyticus) and seven gram-positive bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, bacillus megaterium, b. cereus, staphylococcus aureus, lactobacillus plantarum, l. brevis, and l. bulgaricus). chitosans showed higher antibacterial activities than chitosan oligomers and markedly ... | 2002 | 11929171 |
| polymorphism in repeated 16s rrna genes is a common property of type strains and environmental isolates of the genus vibrio. | analysis of the 16s rdnas obtained from cultures of single colonies of either type collection strains or environmental strains of the genus vibrio revealed the presence of polymorphism in every one of the strains examined. polymorphism was detected by visualization of heteroduplexes produced after 16s rdna pcr amplification, a procedure that allows for the screening of a large number of isolates. amplified 16s rdnas obtained from both vibrio parahaemolyticus and an environmental strain were clon ... | 2002 | 11932467 |
| environmental investigation of potentially pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus in the seto-inland sea, japan. | seawater and organic material (live and/or dead matter deposited on any substratum submersed in seawater) were collected during the cool weather season from a coast of the seto-inland sea, japan, and analyzed to determine vibrio parahaemolyticus densities and the occurrence of pathogenic strains, defined as those possessing tdh and/or trh genes by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), using isolated dna from enrichment culture of the samples. about 95% of the samples were positive for v. parahaem ... | 2002 | 11934498 |
| purification and characterization of a putative virulence factor, serine protease, from vibrio parahaemolyticus. | a protease (protease a) was successfully purified from the extracellular proteins of vibrio parahaemolyticus no. 93, a clinical strain carrying neither tdh nor trh genes, using phenyl-sepharose cl-4b hydrophobic interaction chromatography. the molecular mass of protease a was 43 kda using gel filtration, which was in agreement with the results obtained from sds-page, suggesting that protease a was a monomeric protein. additionally, the isoelectric point of this protein was 5.0. the optimum tempe ... | 2002 | 12007650 |
| an investigation into the changed physiological state of vibrio bacteria as a survival mechanism in response to cold temperatures and studies on their sensitivity to heating and freezing. | to induce pathogenic vibrio bacteria into a changed physiological state, in response to cold temperatures in sea water, and assess their sensitivity to heating and freezing, as compared with normal cells. | 2002 | 12010547 |
| occurrence of pathogenic vibrios in coastal areas of france. | this study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of potentially pathogenic species of vibrio in french marine and estuarine environments. | 2002 | 12010553 |
| functional expression of the vibrio parahaemolyticus na+/galactose (vsglt) cotransporter in xenopus laevis oocytes. | we have successfully expressed a bacterial cotransporter in a functional form in the xenopus laevis oocyte expression system. the goals were to compare the kinetics and selectivity of the cotransporter expressed in oocytes with those obtained in bacteria and in proteoliposomes, and to determine if it is possible to measure the electrical properties of the bacterial cotransporter expressed in oocytes. the vibrio parahaemolyticus na+/galactose cotransporter (vsglt) expressed in oocytes has functio ... | 2002 | 12029378 |
| comparative phenotypic, molecular, and virulence characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 isolates. | historically, vibrio parahaemolyticus infections have been characterized by sporadic cases caused by multiple, diverse serotypes. however, since 1996, v. parahaemolyticus serotype o3:k6 strains have been associated with several large-scale outbreaks of illness, suggesting the emergence of a "new" group of organisms with enhanced virulence. we have applied three different molecular subtyping techniques to identify an appropriate method for differentiating o3:k6 isolates from other serotypes. puls ... | 2002 | 12039748 |
| purification of a serine protease of vibrio parahaemolyticus and its characterization. | a 50 kda protease designated as vpp1 was purified from the culture supernatant of a clinical strain of vibrio parahaemolyticus by ammonium sulfate fractionation, sephacryl s-200 hr gel filtration and fractogel emd tmae 650 ion-exchange chromatography. vpp1 was inhibited by edta, egta and serine protease inhibitors, suggesting that it is a calcium-dependent serine protease. n-terminal amino acid sequence of vpp1 was quite similar to that of v. metschnikovii protease and antibody against vpp1 inhi ... | 2002 | 12061633 |
| ligand-induced differences in secondary structure of the vibrio parahaemolyticus na+/galactose cotransporter. | a detailed structural study of the prokaryotic sodium/galactose transporter (vsglt) from vibrio parahaemolyticus using attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared (atr-ftir) spectroscopy reveals stepwise increases in alpha-helicity upon binding of sodium and d-galactose. these increases in helicity correlate with decreases in beta-structural elements. the changes are accompanied by stepwise reductions in the degree of h/d exchange (hdx), suggesting reduced accessibility of water to th ... | 2002 | 12069600 |
| [the current status of infectious enteritis in japan--reports of the "research group for infectious enteric diseases, japan" in the last 5 years (1996-2000)]. | the patients or carriers with infectious enteritis admitted to the hospitals for infectious diseases in the last 5 years (1996-2000) were studied. the total number of cases admitted in each year were 969, 1,113, 981, 637 and 573 respectively. a total of 1,527 shigella spp. strains including 1,078 strains from overseas travelers' cases were isolated. the isolates of salmonella spp. excluding s. typhi and s. paratyphi a were 562 in number. a total of 61 vibrio cholerae o1 strains including 44 stra ... | 2002 | 12073571 |
| a semi-quantitative seafood safety risk assessment. | as part of a semi-quantitative risk assessment of 10 seafood hazard/product combinations, a risk assessment tool was used to generate a risk ranking. the tool is in a spreadsheet software format and provides a risk estimate, which is scaled between 0 and 100, where 0 represents no risk and 100 represents all meals containing a lethal dose of the hazard. a full description of the tool is contained in ross and sumner (this issue). based on their ranking, seafoods in australia fell into three risk ... | 2002 | 12076038 |
| genotyping of pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 still open to question. | 2002 | 12089318 | |
| [survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus serovar o3:k6 strains under acidic conditions]. | the survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus serovar o3:k6 strains and other serovars in the presence of acetic, citric and hydrochloric acids were studied. there were no differences in resistance to these acids between serovar o3:k6 and the other serovars. at ph 5.6, citric acid was more effective in reducing the number of viable cells of v. parahaemolyticus than acetic acid. however, at ph 4.5, acetic acid was more effective than citric acid. the number of viable cells decreased quickly in the pres ... | 2002 | 12092418 |
| a rapid and improved method for the detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus strains grown on hydrophobic grid membrane filters. | dna probe-based detection methods were developed and characterized as an alternative to time-consuming and less specific conventional protocols. digoxigenin-labeled probes were prepared by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the targeted sequences in the specific amplicons generated from genomic dna. specific probes with high yields were generated for the detection of the tlh gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus and the cth gene of v. vulnificus. colony (southern) hybridization analyses were c ... | 2002 | 12092721 |
| growth and survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus in postharvest american oysters. | oysters at the retail stage of distribution generally contain greater densities of vibrio parahaemolyticus than do oysters at harvest. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of postharvest storage at 26 and 3 degrees c on the growth and survival of naturally occurring v. parahaemolyticus in shellstock american oysters (crassostrea virginica). oysters were collected monthly from may 1998 through april 1999 from mobile bay, alabama, and their v. parahaemolyticus densities were de ... | 2002 | 12092730 |
| litr, a new transcriptional activator in vibrio fischeri, regulates luminescence and symbiotic light organ colonization. | vibrio fischeri is the bacterial symbiont within the light-emitting organ of the sepiolid squid euprymna scolopes. upon colonizing juvenile squids, bacterial symbionts grow on host-supplied nutrients, while providing a bioluminescence that the host uses during its nocturnal activities. mutant bacterial strains that are unable to emit light have been shown to be defective in normal colonization. a 606 bp open reading frame was cloned from v. fischeri that encoded a protein, which we named litr, t ... | 2002 | 12100554 |
| asp(344) and thr(345) are critical for cation exchange mediated by nhad, na(+)/h(+) antiporter of vibrio cholerae. | the vc-nhad is an na(+)/h(+) antiporter from vibrio cholerae belonging to a new family of bacterial na(+)/h(+) antiporters, the nhad family. in the present work we mutagenized five conserved asp and glu residues and one conserved thr residue to ala in order to identify amino acids that are critical for the antiport activity. all mutations fall into two distinct groups: (i) four variants, glu(100)ala, glu(251)ala, glu(342)ala, and asp(393)ala, did not abolish antiport activity but shifted the ph ... | 2002 | 12101001 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel haemolysin in vibrio cholerae o1 that does not directly contribute to the virulence of the organism. | a previously undescribed haemolysin, distinct from the major vibrio cholerae o1 el tor haemolysin, hlya, was cloned from the o1 classical biotype strain z17561. this novel haemolysin showed 71.5% overall similarity to the delta-thermostable direct haemolysin of vibrio parahaemolyticus, and so it has been termed v. cholerae delta-thermostable haemolysin (vc-deltath, encoded by the dth gene). an orf found immediately downstream, which appears to be transcriptionally and translationally linked to d ... | 2002 | 12101305 |
| acute gastroenteritis associated with seafood privately imported from the pacific islands. | to investigate a potential link between consumption of food privately imported from the pacific islands and presentation with acute gastroenteritis to middlemore hospital emergency department. | 2002 | 12117174 |
| comparison of genome structures of vibrios, bacteria possessing two chromosomes. | vibrios are gram-negative gamma-proteobacteria which are ubiquitous in marine and estuarine environments. recently, we demonstrated that some, if not all, vibrio species have two circular chromosomes. the whole genome sequence of vibrio cholerae n16961 has been reported. in this study, we constructed a physical and genetic map of the genome of kanagawa phenomenon-positive vibrio parahaemolyticus strain kx-v237 and compared it with those of v. parahaemolyticus aq4673 and v. cholerae n16961. the g ... | 2002 | 12142404 |
| rapid detection of six types of bacterial pathogens in marine waters by multiplex pcr. | a rapid multiplex pcr (m-pcr) method that allows the simultaneous detection, in a single tube, of six commonly encountered waterborne pathogens is developed. the target genes used were: the aerolysin (aero) gene of aeromonas hydrophila, the invasion plasmid antigen h (ipah) gene of shigella flexneri, the attachment invasion locus (ail) gene of yersinia enterocolitca, the invasion plasmid antigen b (ipab) gene of salmonella typhimurium, the enterotoxin extracellular secretion protein (epsm) gene ... | 2002 | 12146868 |
| filamentous bacteriophages of vibrios are integrated into the dif-like site of the host chromosome. | the dif site is located in the replication terminus region of bacterial chromosomes, having a function of resolving dimeric chromosomes formed during replication. we demonstrate that filamentous bacteriophages of vibrios, such as f237 (vibrio parahaemolyticus) and ctxphi (v. cholerae), are integrated into the dif-like site of host chromosome. | 2002 | 12169621 |
| functional characterization of brucella melitensis normi, an efflux pump belonging to the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion family. | two putative proteins (normi and normii) similar to the multidrug efflux protein norm of vibrio parahaemolyticus are encoded by the brucella melitensis 16 m genome. we show that a drug-hypersusceptible escherichia coli strain overexpressing normi displays increased resistance to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetraphenylphosphonium ion, acriflavine, and berberine. this elevated resistance was proven to be mediated by an energy-dependent efflux mechanism. normi belongs to the multidrug a ... | 2002 | 12183269 |
| [ct evaluation of infectious colitis]. | computed tomography (ct) is useful for evaluating the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease, such as infectious colitis, in patients with severe pain and bloody diarrhea. during the 7 years between november 1993 and october 2000, 34 patients with infectious colitis (18 male, 16 female; mean age 42 +/- 19 yrs), received emergency ct and colonoscopy because of severe abdominal pain and dysentery. the following organisms were isolated: pathogenic escherichia coli (12), 6 of which were o157:h7 (o-15 ... | 2002 | 12229165 |
| evaluation of an immunochromatography strip assay for the detection of salmonella sp. from poultry. | the present study was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of an immunochromatography-based diagnostic kit for salmonella. the analytical sensitivity of the test when using pure colonies of different salmonella species was in the range of 1 x 10(4) to 1 x 10(5) colony-forming units per milliliter. the strip detected 19 of 22 strains of salmonella spp. but failed to detect s. worthington, s. choleraesuis var. kunzendorf and s. johannesburg. the strip did not detect 27 different e ... | 2002 | 12296399 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | to establish a method for cloning thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp). | 2002 | 12297472 |
| isolation and genetic characterization of a novel filamentous bacteriophage, a deleted form of phage f237, from a pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus o4:k68 strain. | we isolated a filamentous bacteriophage, vfo4k68, from the pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus strain belonging to 04:k68 serovar. the vfo4k68 dna lacked a 1,893-bp fragment present in that of the distinctive region of f237, a filamentous phage isolated from a pandemic 03:k6 strain (nasu, h. et al., j. clin. microbiol., 38, 2156-2161, 2000). the deletion resulted in the formation of a novel open reading frame (orf) that possesses homology to the orf 27 of eta phage and staphylococcal enterotoxin e ... | 2002 | 12363020 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus scrabc, a novel operon affecting swarming and capsular polysaccharide regulation. | swarming is an adaptation of many bacteria to growth on surfaces. a search for genes controlling swarmer cell differentiation of vibrio parahaemolyticus identified a novel three-gene operon that potentially encodes a pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent enzyme, an extracellular solute-binding protein, and a membrane-bound ggdef- and eal-motif sensory protein. the functions of these motifs, which are named after conserved amino acid sequences, are unknown, although the domains are found singly and in co ... | 2002 | 12374828 |
| pcr and molecular detection for differentiating vibrio species. | vibriosis is an economically important disease of fish, marine invertebrates (particularly penaeid shrimps), and large marine mammals and is responsible for high mortality rates in aquaculture worldwide. some vibrio species are also responsible for zoonoses, whereas others are relatively nonpathogenic. using 16s- and 23s-based pcr reactions, we obtained species-specific patterns and a 470-bp band, respectively. dna sequences obtained on the 23s rrna gene allowed us to identify species-specific p ... | 2002 | 12381564 |
| usefulness of r72h pcr assay for differentiation between vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus species: validation by dna-dna hybridization. | we compared the efficiencies of biochemical methods and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the identification of vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. the 122 isolates studied, identified by biochemical tests as v. parahaemolyticus or vibrio alginolyticus, were tested by r72h pcr assay. the results obtained with the two methods were consistent for 90% of the strains studied. pcr amplification of the r72h fragment generated two unique amplicons, 387 bp and 320 bp in length. for 11% of the strains fro ... | 2002 | 12393193 |
| potentiality of a new compound for in vitro differentiation between halophilic and non-halophilic vibrios. | sensitivity of 21 halophilic vibrios and 16 clinical isolates of non-halophilic vibrios was determined against a new possible antivibrio agent, a pyrimidine analogue, 4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine -2-thiol (4,6-dmpt). it appeared to be a vibriocidal agent, having a mean mic and mbc of 32 microg/ml for halophilic strains and 64 microg/ml for non-halophilic strains and an ld50 of 300 mg/kg body weight of mice. thus, 4,6-dmpt may help an in vitro distinction between halophilic and non-halophilic vibrios. ... | 2002 | 12622188 |
| alkaline adaptation induces cross-protection against some environmental stresses and morphological change in vibrio parahaemolyticus. | the relationship between alkaline adaptation and the resistance against environmental stresses was examined in vibrio parahaemolyticus. alkali-adapted cells were found to have increased resistance against various stresses, including heat, crystal violet, deoxycholic acid, and hydrogen peroxide. however, alkali-adapted cells showed no increased resistance against acid stress and heat-adapted cells did not show increased resistance against alkaline stress. furthermore, alkaline treatment induced c ... | 2002 | 12501988 |
| tropical diarrhoea: new developments in traveller's diarrhoea. | traveller's diarrhoea is the most common illness acquired by visitors to developing countries, affecting 20-50% of the 35 million people who travel from industrialized countries each year. important risk factors include point of origin and destination of the traveller, host factors, and exposure to contaminated food and water. the most common causes of traveller's diarrhoea in adults in developing countries include infection with escherichia coli, shigella spp., salmonella spp., campylobacter sp ... | 2001 | 11964874 |
| characterisation of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from fish in kenya. | acute gastroenteritis associated with fish has been reported since 1951 but is gaining importance with increase in fish consumption in kenya. the causative agent is vibrio parahaemolyticus. the importance of this organism is increasing due to the rise in the incidence of outbreaks of food poisoning related to it. | 2001 | 12002050 |
| [studies on halophilic vibrios causing a food poisoning outbreak in the city of vladivostok]. | v. parahaemolyticus and v. alginolyticus strains isolated from patients during an outbreak of an acute enteric disease in vladivostok in 1997 were studied. all strains were found to possess typical taxonomic signs. v. parahaemolyticus isolated from humans had direct heat stable haemolysin exotoxin. the overwhelming majority of these strains belonged to serovar o3k6. among the cultures under study 7 phage types were determined: phage types 1, 2, 7, 10 in 8 v. parahaemolyticus strains and phage ty ... | 2001 | 11881491 |
| migratory responses of hemocytes to vibrio parahaemolyticus in the alimentary tract of an estuarine neritid gastropod, clithon retropictus. | migratory responses of hemocytes to vibrio parahaemolyticus strain d3 in the alimentary tracts of an estuarine neritid gastropod, clithon retropictus, and a related marine neritid, nerita albicilla, were examined under the scanning electron microscope. after ingesting the strain, active responses were seen at the esophagus, stomach and anterior intestine of adult c. retropictus and at the middle and posterior intestines of adult n. albicilla. when the alimentary tracts were isolated from the gas ... | 2001 | 11789601 |
| [detection of tdh-producing vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 from naturally contaminated shellfish using an immunomagnetic separation method and chromogenic agar medium]. | we attempted to isolate tdh-producing vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 from shellfish. asari samples were incubated with tsb supplemented with 2% (w/v) nacl for 6 h, and then the 6-h cultures were incubated with salt polymyxin broth for 18 h. after the two-step enrichment, a 1 ml portion of the culture was treated with magnetic beads coated with k6 antibody for immunoconcentration of v. parahaemolyticus o3:k6. the immunoconcentrated and untreated cultures were plated onto a chromogenic agar and tcb ... | 2001 | 11766378 |
| preventing vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. | 2001 | 11150104 | |
| evaluation of two direct plating methods using nonradioactive probes for enumeration of vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters. | oysters (crassostrea virginica) were collected monthly from may 1998 to april 1999 from mobile bay, ala., and analyzed to determine vibrio parahaemolyticus densities at zero time and after 5, 10, and 24 h of postharvest storage at 26 degrees c. after 24 h of storage at 26 degrees c, oysters were transferred to a refrigerator at 3 degrees c and then analyzed 14 to 17 days later. the v. parahaemolyticus numbers were determined by the most-probable-number procedure using alkaline phosphatase-labele ... | 2001 | 11157236 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin can induce an apoptotic cell death in rat-1 cells from inside and outside of the cells. | rat-1 cells exposed to vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) developed morphological changes including shrinkage of the cells and reduction in the size of nuclei. cells either microinjected with tdh or transfected with the tdh gene also showed morphological changes similar to those induced by externally added toxin. furthermore, tdh-exposed or tdh-transfected cells both showed chromatin condensation and dna fragmentation which suggest cells undergoing apoptosis. in contrast ... | 2001 | 11179658 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with cholera-like diarrhea among patients in north jakarta, indonesia. | a diarrhea study was conducted in north jakarta, indonesia from december 1996 through december 1997. vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from 333 (6.1%) of 5442 rectal swab samples collected from patients with cholera-like diarrhea. vibrio cholerae o1 was isolated from 545 (10.0%) and v. cholerae non-o1 from 183 samples (3.4%), respectively. patients positive for v. parahaemolyticus were mostly adults between 20 and 40 years of age, with males constituting 62%. a majority (65%) of these patient ... | 2001 | 11248518 |
| microbiological quality and safety of quahog clams, mercenaria mercenaria, during refrigeration and at elevated storage temperatures. | the effects of storage temperatures and times on the microbiological quality and safety of hard-shelled quahog clams (mercenaria mercenaria) were examined. samples were stored at four different incubation temperatures (3.3, 7.2, 10.0, and 12.8 degrees c) for a period of 3 weeks, following their harvest from summer growing waters (> or = 27 degrees c) and winter waters (< or = 4 degrees c). clams were analyzed for two naturally occurring pathogens, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus. d ... | 2001 | 11252477 |
| monodansylcadaverine inhibits cytotoxicity of vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin on cultured rat embryonic fibroblast cells. | the mechanism of action of vibrio parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) on cultured cells still remains unclear. we show that addition of osmotic stabilizers, such as polyethylene glycol and dextran, could not protect cultured rat embryonic fibroblast cells (rat-1) against cytotoxicity induced by tdh, unlike their protection against the hemolytic activity of tdh. by contrast, 100 microm monodansylcadaverine, as well as the presence of 1 mm ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether ... | 2001 | 11267763 |
| identification and characterization of the soda genes encoding manganese superoxide dismutases in vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio mimicus, and vibrio vulnificus. | sequencing of fur titration assay-positive clones obtained from genomic dna libraries of vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. mimicus and v. vulnificus revealed open reading frames encoding proteins of 202, 205 and 202 amino acid residues, respectively. each open reading frame was preceded by a predicted fur box which overlaps a likely promoter with similarity to the -10 and -35 consensus sequence of escherichia coli. the deduced amino acid sequences shared considerable homology with bacterial mn-contain ... | 2001 | 11293479 |
| populations of vibrio parahaemolyticus in retail oysters from florida using two methods. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a naturally occurring estuarine bacterium that is often associated with gastroenteritis in humans following consumption of raw molluscan shellfish. a number of studies have investigated the environmental distribution of v. parahaemolyticus, but little is known about the levels of this organism during distribution of oysters or at the point of consumption. duplicate samples of shellstock oysters were collected monthly (september 1997 to may 1998) from the same four rest ... | 2001 | 11348000 |
| filamentous phage associated with recent pandemic strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | a group of pandemic strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus has recently appeared in asia and north america. we demonstrate that a filamentous phage is specifically associated with the pandemic v. parahaemolyticus strains. an open reading frame unique to the phage is a useful genetic marker to identify these strains. | 2001 | 11384535 |
| surface sensing, swarmer cell differentiation, and biofilm development. | 2001 | 11398406 | |
| detection of rtx toxin gene in vibrio cholerae by pcr. | a pcr that amplifies a recently discovered vibrio cholerae rtx (repeat in toxin) toxin gene was developed. among 166 clinical and environmental isolates of v. cholerae causing epidemics and sporadic cases of cholera in various parts of the world, all were found to be toxigenic by both pcr and hep-2 cell cytotoxicity assay. standard strains of the classical biotype containing a deletion within the gene cluster exhibited negative results by both assays. this is the first rapid genotyping method fo ... | 2001 | 11427575 |
| structures of ribonuclease p rnas of vibrio core species. | the structures of an rna component of ribonuclease p (rnase p rna) were examined for vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio carchariae, vibrio natriegens, vibrio campbellii, vibrio proteolyticus, vibrio pelagius and vibrio harveyi to clearly determine their genetic differences. the rnase p rnas ranged from 382 to 454 nucleotides (nt) in size, and were remarkably different from each other in the structure of two helices, p3 and p12. the p3 helices were comprised of tandem repeats o ... | 2001 | 11430405 |
| the effect of ship scrapping industry and its associated wastes on the biomass production and biodiversity of biota in in situ condition at alang. | the main pollutants for the ship scrapping industry and its associated wastes at alang are heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbon and bacterial contaminations. the concentration of iron, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, nickel and mercury were 25 to 15,500% more at nearshore station of alang as compared to control site at piram. the concentration of heavy metals in the nearshore station of alang was always higher than its concentration at 10 km away. the concentration of petroleum hy ... | 2001 | 11468924 |
| analysis of seawaters for the recovery of culturable vibrio parahaemolyticus and some other vibrios. | we investigated the recovery of dormant and injured cells along with the normally culturable cells of vibrio species with special emphasis on v. parahaemolyticus using both selective and non-selective media at moderate (20 c) and standard (37 c) culture temperatures from a bay water environment. culture temperatures (20 or 37 c) did not affect the recovery of v. parahaemolyticus but did for other vibrios. we observed similar seasonality of v parahaemolyticus as in most other environmental studie ... | 2001 | 11471828 |
| antibacterial activity of leaf essential oils and their constituents from cinnamomum osmophloeum. | the antibacterial activities of the essential oils from leaves of two cinnamomum osmophloeum clones (a and b) and their chemical constituents were investigated in this study. the nine strains of bacteria, including escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella sp., and vibrio parahemolyticus, were used in the antibacterial tests. results from ... | 2001 | 11483389 |
| bacterial causes of aids-associated diarrhea in thailand. | the incidence of bacterial diarrhea in aids patients has increased steadily and has led to enormous medical and public health problems. in this study, the clinical data together with 350 rectal swab samples each from aids patients with diarrhea (apd) and non-aids patients with diarrhea (napd), were collected and examined for bacterial enteropathogens at the bamrasnaradura infectious diseases hospital (bidh), nonthaburi, thailand from may to december 1996. patients were matched by age and sex. th ... | 2001 | 11485080 |
| [the trends of vibrio parahaemolyticus foodborne outbreaks in tokyo: 1989-2000]. | the total number of foodborne outbreaks due to vibrio parahaemolyticus in tokyo during the last 12 years between 1989 and 2000 were 710. the number of outbreaks in a year was 55 in 1989, 75 in 1990, and there was a gradual decrease to 24 outbreaks in 1993 which was the smallest number during those 12 years. after 1994, the number of outbreaks increased dramatically year by year until 1998 (107 outbreaks). then they had decreased slightly to 74 in 1999, 65 in 2000. the monthly incidence of v. par ... | 2001 | 11494566 |
| virulence factors in vibrios and aeromonads isolated from seafood. | thirty-one isolates from seafood, identified as aeromonas hydrophila (7), aeromonas caviae (11), vibrio parahaemolyticus (3), vibrio fluvialis (5), vibrio alginolytictus (3), vibrio metschnikovii (1) and vibrio damsela (1), were tested for possible virulence factors including extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, haemolysins, cytotoxins (vero and hep-2 cells) and adherence ability (hep-2 cells). all the a. hydrophila strains were beta-haemolytic and produced cytotoxins as well as one strain of v. fl ... | 2001 | 11497085 |
| polar flagellar motility of the vibrionaceae. | polar flagella of vibrio species can rotate at speeds as high as 100,000 rpm and effectively propel the bacteria in liquid as fast as 60 microm/s. the sodium motive force powers rotation of the filament, which acts as a propeller. the filament is complex, composed of multiple subunits, and sheathed by an extension of the cell outer membrane. the regulatory circuitry controlling expression of the polar flagellar genes of members of the vibrionaceae is different from the peritrichous system of ent ... | 2001 | 11528005 |
| identification of a h+/glucose and galactose symporter gene glt from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | we identified a glucose and galactose transporter gene from the plant-pathogenic bacterium xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. sequence analysis indicated that the gene, named glt, encoded a polypeptide of 592 amino acid residues and the product was significantly homologous with members of the na+/glucose cotransporter (sglt) family from mammalian and bacterial origin, especially with vsglt from vibrio parahaemolyticus (50% identity). glt functioned as a glucose and galactose transporter in an escher ... | 2001 | 11529561 |
| the importance of serum creatine phosphokinase level in the early diagnosis, and as a prognostic factor, of vibrio vulnificus infection. | vibrio vulnificus infection causes rapidly progressive skin lesions and sepsis in compromised hosts with liver cirrhosis, and is often fatal. early diagnosis and rapid treatment are important. | 2001 | 11531792 |
| [spread of zoonotic agents by foods of animal origin]. | due to the expansion of the international trade with food, there is a great and increasing danger of transmitting zoonotic agents with these foods over long distances from one region to another. however, in concrete cases it is difficult to determine which zoonotic agents are transmitted through which foodstuffs and how great the emergency is. the worldwide distribution of most of these agents, the easing up of import controls for goods coming from certain export countries, and the abstinence fr ... | 2001 | 11560117 |
| hypercapnic hypoxia compromises bactericidal activity of fish anterior kidney cells against opportunistic environmental pathogens. | acute hypoxia can cause massive fish and shellfish mortality. less clear is the role that chronic sublethal hypoxia might play in aquatic animal health. this study tested whether production of reactive oxygen species (ros) and bactericidal activity of fish phagocytic cells are suppressed under the conditions of decreased oxygen and ph and increased carbon dioxide which occur in the blood and tissue of animals exposed to sublethal hypoxia. anterior head kidney (ahk) cells of the mummichog, fundul ... | 2001 | 11592587 |
| chloride secretion induced by thermostable direct haemolysin of vibrio parahaemolyticus depends on colonic cell maturation. | vibrio parahaemolyticus produces a thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diarrhoeal disease caused by this organism. in previous work, tdh induced cl- secretion in human colonic epithelial cells that was dependent on the intracellular ca2+ concentration, [ca2+]in. this study investigated whether cl- secretion induced by tdh is influenced by the stage of maturation of intestinal epithelial cells. two different human colonic cell lines, villus cell-li ... | 2001 | 11599736 |
| identification of bacteria crucial to histamine accumulation in pacific mackerel during storage. | bacterial growth and histamine formation in pacific mackerel during storage at 0, 4, 15, and 25 degrees c were monitored. to identify bacterial species contributing to histamine formation, several groups of bacteria were isolated by using selective media under temperatures corresponding to the various storage conditions. initially, low counts of bacteria were found in the gill, skin, and intestine of fresh fish, and only weak histamine formers were found in the gill. histamine was found in the m ... | 2001 | 11601705 |
| automated ribotyping differentiates vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 strains associated with a texas outbreak from other clinical strains. | automated ribotyping with a qualicon riboprinter was used to determine whether clinical isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 recovered during two u.s. outbreaks of oyster-associated gastroenteritis in 1998 were related to each other and to a previously identified highly virulent asian clone of this serotype. the patterns produced using the restriction enzymes eco ri and pst i suggest that the outbreak in the northeastern united states was caused by a single strain closely related to the asi ... | 2001 | 11601716 |
| heterotrophic bacteria community and pollution indicators of mussel--farm impact in the gulf of gaeta (tyrrhenian sea). | field studies were carried out to determine and compare the impact of organic loads due to the biodeposition of a mussel farm on the water quality and sediment in a coastal area of the tyrrhenian sea (western mediterranean). a total of five environmental and five microbial parameters were examined from march, 1997 to february, 1998 on a monthly basis at three stations: the first was located under the mussel farm, the second located at about 40 m away from the mussel farm, while the third designe ... | 2001 | 11695652 |
| a mate family multidrug efflux transporter pumps out fluoroquinolones in bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. | we cloned a gene, bexa, that codes for a multidrug efflux transporter from the chromosomal dna of bacteroides thetaiotaomicron atcc 29741 by using an escherichia coli deltaacrab deltaacref mutant as a host. although the initial recombinant construct contained other open reading frames, the presence of bexa alone was sufficient to confer to the e. coli host elevated levels of resistance to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ethidium bromide. disruption of bexa in b. thetaiotaomicron made the strain ... | 2001 | 11709306 |
| [surveillance of various enteropathogenic bacteria from diarrheal cases during 1989-1999 in kobe city]. | incidence of various enteropathogenic bacteria was examined from diarrheal faecal samples that were collected from the patients of kobe city general hospital and some station hospitals (23,862), and from overseas travelers (2,855) over a period of decade (1989-1999) in kobe. a total of 1,580 strains were isolated from domestic and 331 strains from overseas travelers. the results are as follows. 1) thirteen kinds of enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from domestic diarrheal cases (6.6%). sal ... | 2001 | 11712364 |
| improved method for detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood. | we have developed a new, effective procedure for detecting vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafoods using enrichment and plating onto a chromogenic agar medium. samples were cultured in salt trypticase soy broth, which is a nonselective medium, and then a portion of the culture was cultured with salt polymyxin broth, which is a selective medium for v. parahaemolyticus. this two-step enrichment was more effective than the one-step enrichment in salt polymyxin broth alone. the enrichment cultures were ... | 2001 | 11722939 |
| withering syndrome of the small abalone, haliotis diversicolor supertexta, is caused by vibrio parahaemolyticus and associated with thermal induction. | the susceptibility of the small abalone haliotis diversicolor supertexta to vibrio parahaemolyticus 880915 strain and its extracellular products (ecp) at different temperatures was investigated. the strain was previously isolated from the haemolymph of the moribund small abalone with withering syndrome during an outbreak of mass mortality among the cultured animals in september 1999 in i-lan, taiwan. the bacterium and its ecp were lethal to the small abalone. onset of the withering syndrome in t ... | 2001 | 11724402 |
| evaluation of typing of vibrio parahaemolyticus by three pcr methods using specific primers. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic bacterium frequently involved in human outbreaks of seafood-associated gastroenteritis. for epidemiological purposes, different molecular typing methods, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) or ribotyping, have been developed for this pathogen; however, these methods are mostly labor-intensive and time-consuming. in this work, we designed and evaluated three rapid pcr typing methods for this pathogen using primers designed on the basis of the fo ... | 2001 | 11724826 |
| growth and recovery of selected gram-negative bacteria in reconditioned wastewater. | previous reports indicate that escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella spp., and vibrio cholerae can grow in nutrient-limited, reconditioned wastewater over the temperature range of 4 to 46 degrees c when the biological oxygen demand of this water is <2, while its coliform growth response (cgr) is >2. in the current study, we investigated the growth response of vibrio parahaemolyticus, shigella spp., vibrio vulnificus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa in water samples with a cgr of >2 over the temperatur ... | 2001 | 11726156 |
| severe skin pain after puva treatment. | severe skin pain lasting one or two months occurred in 8 of 210 patients treated with puva. the pain started 4--8 weeks after the initial dose, mostly about one week after discontinuation of the treatment. it was a prickling, burning pain, usually coming in bouts and confined to limited areas "deep under the skin". in some respects the pain was related to itching, but the patients could easily distinguish between the two sensations. a variety of drugs was tried, but none had any noteworthy effec ... | 2001 | 93376 |
| training of doctors in developing countries. | developing areas like bangladesh continue to suffer from the discriminatory provision of health care. health care is controlled by urban elites to the detriment of the poor urban masses as well as the rural population as a whole. that is to say, health care in most developing countries is urban oriented and class structured. it is not so much a question of improving efficiency as of restructuring power relationships, of which health care is but one part. in bangladesh at the end of 1971, approxi ... | 2001 | 90840 |
| peripheral neuropathy in a spray-painter. | 2001 | 90835 | |
| complications associated with aphakic contact lenses. | complications associated with rigid contact lenses are more frequent in aphakia. the limited dexterity of older patients not only may prove an insurmountable barrier to the mastery of daily contact lens insertion and removal, but also may produce significant direct eye trauma, its seriousness determined by the integrity of the cataract wound. since prolonged wear of aphakic contact lenses is the rule rather than the exception, the risk of irreversible corneal changes such as vascularization and ... | 2001 | 93260 |
| [changes in physicochemical parameters and coagulation factors in hemodilution with dextran of molecular weight 60,000]. | in 18 subjects undergoing aorto-bifemoral by-pass, pre-operative isovalaemic hemodilution was carried out (using a dextran of molecular weight 60,000) at the same time as venous section of a mean value of 1087 ml reducing the hematocrit to 0.30. the following were studied before, immediately after and 24 hours after hemodilution: blood viscosity (at variable shearing rates), oncotic pressure, sedimentation rate, clotting factors, plasma electrolytes. these results showed that at the end of hemod ... | 2001 | 95471 |
| the lorica of dinobryon. | 2001 | 90737 | |
| alpha1-fetoprotein measurement in blood spotted on paper: discriminating test for hereditary tyrosinemia in neonatal mass screening. | we describe an electroimmunodiffusion technique for measuring alpha1-fetoprotein in blood spotted on chromatography paper. the system is being used as a complementary test in a neonatal mass-screening program for detection of inborn metabolic diseases in the province of quebec. in a series of 102 cases of neonatal hypertyrosinemia, the test has proven to be highly discriminative for hereditary tyrosinemia. it has permitted early detection of eight cases of this disease, including two that would ... | 2001 | 58743 |
| [medical management of tachycardias (author's transl)]. | guidelines for a step-wise plan of treatment of tachycardias have been compiled based on clinical empirical experience and with the aid of surface electrocardiograms, intracardial electrograms and stimulation techniques. the plan is primarily with the aid of surface electrocardiograms, intracardial electrograms and stimulation techniques. the plan is primarily oriented with respect to the antiarrhythmic efficacy, the adverse reactions and the practicability of the respective agents. any type of ... | 2001 | 93075 |
| [psychological diagnosis problems in children between 0 and 3 years of age]. | 2001 | 95256 | |
| [biochemical and coagulation-physiology examinations before and after amniocentesis in early pregnancy]. | in 46 women the alpha1-fetoprotein content, the soluble fibrin monomer complexes (lfmk), and the coagulation status were determined in the maternal serum at the beginning of the second trimester before and after amniocentesis. increases of afp by more than 100% of the original level pointed to fetomaternal microtransfusion, the quantity of which was calculated by means of a formula. overall coagulation tests did not show any change after the puncture. a moderate lfmk increase was seen (p less th ... | 2001 | 90435 |
| [questions to television from psychopathology]. | progress is expected in psychopathological diagnosis by using audiovisual procedures. nowadays, a valid psychopathology concept should be broadly planned and the important method of description as well as understanding procedures should be considered. for such a model of psychopathology it seems appropriate to investigate the different psychopathological phenomenons as expression of a disturbed communication ability. concerning this outlook, new strategies are to be developed or procedures of ot ... | 2001 | 90381 |
| visual aids in nutrition education. a guide to their preparation and use. | 2001 | 95011 | |
| differential inhibition of prostacyclin production and platelet aggregation by aspirin. | 2001 | 92623 | |
| [volvulus of the afferent loop after billroth ii operation (author's transl)]. | a case report is given of a patient, who had a volvulus of the afferent loop after billroth ii operation; on relaparotomy it was found, that this loop had slipped cranially through the mesocolic slit, twisted, and become gangreneous, due to bad adjustement of the slit. increased levels of serum amylase initially had given rise to the suspicion, that the deteriorating condition of the patient was due to pancreatitis. the patient recovered fully after resection had been done and an y-roux-anastomo ... | 2001 | 94934 |
| isotachophoresis of csf proteins in gel tubes especially gammaglobulins. an analytical and preparative technique for high-separation of csf proteins. | an isotachophoretic method using polyacrylamide gel (pag-itp) in a simple disc electrophoretic equipment with plastic tubes containing the gels, was elaborated and especially designed for studying the gammaglobulins in csf and serum from control subjects and patients with neurological disorders, especially known or probable ms. the device and the itp system used, including leading and terminating electrolytes and spacer substances, dividing the gammaglobulins in a reproducible way, are described ... | 2001 | 92548 |
| [combination radio and chemotherapy in plasmocytoma. roentgen diagnostic and protein chemistry development prognosis]. | 2001 | 95496 |