Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| high seroprevalence of hepatitis a, b, c, and e viruses in residents in an egyptian village in the nile delta: a pilot study. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is hyperendemic in egypt, with seroprevalence rates of 10-20% among volunteer blood donors, and even higher rates reported among segments of the general population. we attempted to confirm the high seroprevalence of hcv and to compare it with the age-specific seroprevalence rates for hepatitis a, hepatitis b, and hepatitis e among 155 nonrandomly selected residents of a semiurban village in the nile river delta. of the two orally transmitted viruses (hav and hev ... | 1996 | 8686770 |
| a waterborne outbreak of hepatitis e virus transmission in southwestern vietnam. | a hepatitis outbreak affecting primarily adults occurred in southwestern vietnam, along the hau river bordering cambodia, in june and july 1994. one month after the outbreak, sera and epidemiologic information were collected from 150 subjects: 50 patient cases, 50 matched, healthy community controls, and 50 geographic controls living 50 km upriver. the prevalence of immunoglobulin g (igg) to hepatitis e virus (hev) was significantly (p < 0.001) higher (76%) among cases than among the matched (38 ... | 1996 | 8686771 |
| a comparative study of detection of hepatitis e virus rna by rt-pcr and digoxin probe techniques. | techniques for detecting hepatitis e virus nucleic acid by rt-pcr and digoxin probe spot hybridization tests were developed. the examination by rt-pcr test of 250 stored stool specimens from patients with acute hepatitis e gave a positive rate of 40.9% and was positive in one stool specimen collected 28 days after the patient had contracted the illness. serologic examination yielded a positive rate of 66.7%, and also utilizing the dig probe labelled with pcr product it was 66.6%. rt-pcr with the ... | 1996 | 8699097 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a, b, c, and e viruses in a healthy population in leon, nicaragua. | a cross-sectional survey of the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav), b (hbv), c (hcv), and e (hev) antibodies in a healthy population in leon, nicaragua was conducted and associated with demographic data. the overall prevalence of antibodies to hav was 94.6%, to hbv 6.5% and to hev between 4.6% and 8.0%, whereas none of 399 tested subjects showed confirmed seropositivity to hcv. a high hav seropositivity rate (72.7%) was observed even in the lowest age groups tested (2-4 years of age). in ... | 1996 | 8702016 |
| hepatitis e: an overview. | hepatitis e has a worldwide distribution and causes substantial morbidity and mortality in some developing countries, particularly among pregnant women. hepatitis e virus (hev) has recently been cloned and sequenced and new diagnostic tests have been developed; these tests have been used to begin to characterize the natural history and epidemiologic features of hev infection. experimental vaccines have also been developed that offer the potential to prevent hepatitis e. however, to develop effec ... | 1996 | 8712780 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in peru. | 1996 | 8729219 | |
| [viral hepatitis a with prolonged course in adults]. | the aim of this study was to determine the clinical and virological characteristics of patients with type a viral hepatitis and a protracted course. | 1996 | 8734311 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus rna in stools and serum by reverse transcription-pcr. | stools and sera collected during an experimental hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in monkeys and collected from humans with acute hev infections during epidemic and sporadic cases were analyzed by reverse transcription-pcr. two methods for rna purification were compared. proteinase k digestion and phenolchloroform extraction were more efficient than guanidinium isothiocyanate extraction in improving the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of hev genomes. | 1996 | 8735122 |
| viral hepatitis. | the list of hepatitis viruses is increasing over the years. now the viruses range from a to g. hepatitis a virus is a short incubation rna virus which is transmitted oro-faecally. it does not cause chronic illness but may be fatal in a few cases especially in pregnancy. it can now be prevented by vaccination. hepatitis b virus is a long incubation dna virus which is transmitted mainly through blood and blood products. it causes chronic illness and can lead to liver cancer in some cases. it can b ... | 1996 | 8756033 |
| the region between the m and s genes of porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus is highly similar to human coronavirus oc43. | the nucleotide sequences of the regions between the membrane and spike protein genes of three strains of porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev) were determined. a total of 739 (hev strain 67n) and 751 (strains nt9 and vw572) nucleotides were sequenced. two orfs, potentially encoding proteins of 12.8 and 9.6 kda, were identified. pairwise comparisons with the corresponding orfs in bovine coronavirus (bcv) and human coronavirus (hcv) oc43 revealed sequence similarities of greater ... | 1996 | 8757985 |
| [serological diagnosis of viral hepatitis e]. | 1996 | 8758454 | |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection in thailand. | hepatitis e, also known as epidemic, non-a, non-b hepatitis, is an acute, enteric, infectious disease. the disease is usually mild, except in pregnant women, who suffer a high fatality rate from fulminant hepatic failure. information on the disease in thailand is limited. the prevalence of antibodies to the aetiological agent, hepatitis e virus (hev), was therefore studied, in various groups of subjects from several regions of this country, using commercial elisa for anti-hev igg and igm. the pr ... | 1996 | 8762409 |
| enterically transmitted hepatitis in saudi arabia: an epidemiological study. | rates of exposure to two, enterically transmitted viruses, hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis a virus (hav), were investigated among the populations of two areas of saudi arabia: gizan (a rural area) and riyadh (an urban area, with relatively good sanitation). in riyadh, 24.7% and 1.2% of children were seropositive for hav and hev, respectively, by the age of 12 years. there was a sharp increase in exposure to hav between 13 and 20 years of age (to 63.5%) and most (80.0%) of the subjects aged ... | 1996 | 8762410 |
| [hepatitis e in the netherlands, 1992-1996]. | 1996 | 8765939 | |
| [chronic viral hepatitis: diagnosis and treatment]. | hbv and hcv cause most of chronic hepatitis; the hdv is a co-infectious virus and it rend the help of hbv to duplicate; hav and hev do not induce chronic hepatitis. etiology is not the same, without apparent reasons, in all the world and the distinction between persistent chronic hepatitis and active idiopathic chronic hepatitis is meaningless, because one can shift in the other. diagnosis is possible using serologic tests and by determination of the dna of the hbv and rna of the hcv. interferon ... | 1996 | 8767973 |
| positive-ion electrospray-fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra of polypeptides and proteins. | we have determined the mass spectra of three polypeptides which have been designed as an effective reagent to be used in the diagnosis of a chinese strain of hepatitis e virus (hev). the spectra were determined by electrospray ionization-fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. these are peptide 30, peptide 33 and peptide 42, where the guanidine amino group of arginine in each polypeptide was protected. the molecular weights were respectively measured as 3575, 4094 and 5390 d ... | 1996 | 8777322 |
| hepatitis e virus: molecular biology and diagnosis. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is a cause of severe liver disease in humans, especially in developing countries. several assays are available to detect the hev genome and specific antibodies against hev (anti-igg, iga and igm). different serological patterns enable the diagnostician to differentiate remote from recent infections. in order to avoid diagnostic errors based on incomplete serological diagnosis, these patterns are shown with their specific serological marker. | 1996 | 8781896 |
| relative importance of the enterically transmitted human hepatitis viruses type a and e as a cause of foreign travel associated hepatitis. | hepatitis contracted during a stay abroad may be caused by a wide range of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, protozoa or helminths. in many cases, the etiological agent primarily infects other target organs and tissues, involving the liver either as part of a disseminated infection or secondarily to mechanical biliary tract obstruction. the article focuses on enterically transmitted hepatitis caused by the primarily hepatotropic human hepatitis viruses type a and e and discusses their impor ... | 1996 | 8800797 |
| acute viral hepatitis types e, a, and b singly and in combination in acute liver failure in children in north india. | the aetiological agents responsible for, and the outcome of, acute liver failure were investigated prospectively in 44 children (29 males, 15 females) attending a tertiary health care facility in india. the children were between the ages of 2 months and 13 years. studies for viral infections and other etiologies could be carried out in 40 patients. specific aetiological labels were possible in 35 (87.5%) patients. thirty (75%) had evidence of acute viral hepatitis. acute hepatitis e virus (hev) ... | 1996 | 8801280 |
| hepatitis e infection in the uk. | a modification of a commercial assay for anti-hev to allow detection of specific igm has been validated. its use has shown that acute cases of hev do occur in the uk. to date these have all been patients returning from highly endemic areas. | 1996 | 8811645 |
| purification of a soluble hepatitis e open reading frame 2-derived protein with unique antigenic properties. | the second open reading frame (orf2) of hepatitis e virus (hev) is predicted to encode a 73-kda capsid protein (1). when full-length orf2 was expressed in insect cells (spodoptera frugiperda (sf9)) using a recombinant baculovirus, two distinct hev polypeptides were observed: a full-length insoluble 73-kda protein, and a soluble 56.5-kda protein. following purification and sequence analysis, it was determined that the 56.5-kda protein was derived from endoproteolytic cleavage site that was betwee ... | 1996 | 8812876 |
| sporadic acute hepatitis caused by hepatitis e virus in egyptian adults. | 1996 | 8816162 | |
| a community prevalence study of antibodies to hepatitis a and e in inner-city london. | the seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis a virus (hav) was determined in a community-based sample in innercity london where socioeconomic conditions were expected to result in a high prevalence of antibodies to hav, and in which the presence of immigrants from the developing world pose a risk of imported infection of both hav and hev. the seroprevalence of anti-hav was 45.1% in uk born subjects and 69.7% in non-uk born subjects and each group showed differing pat ... | 1996 | 8818970 |
| hepatitis e. | hepatitis e has a world-wide distribution and causes substantial morbidity and mortality in some developing countries, particularly among pregnant women. hepatitis e virus (hev) has recently been cloned and sequenced, and new diagnostic tests have been developed. these tests have been used to begin to characterize the natural history and epidemiological features of hev infection. experimental vaccines have also been developed that offer the potential to prevent hepatitis e. however, much remains ... | 1996 | 8864031 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in an immigrant to the united states. | a patient who had recently traveled from india to tennessee was found to have acute hepatitis e. improved recognition and serologic testing have increased the diagnosis of hepatitis e in the united states. for those at risk, hepatitis e should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute hepatitis. | 1996 | 8865794 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in north-east italy: serological study in the open population and groups at risk. | developed western countries are considered to be relatively free from endemic foci of hepatitis e virus (hev) infections. the aim of this study was to assess the seroepidemiology of hev in north-east italy. of the 2361 individuals studied 1889 were representative of the general population and 472 were from groups at high risk for viral infections: 279 drug users and 193 patients on chronic haemodialysis. all sera were tested for hepatitis c virus antibody (hcvab), human immunodeficiency virus an ... | 1996 | 8871881 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in patients from saudi arabia with sickle cell anaemia and beta-thalassemia major: possible transmission by blood transfusion. | the seroprevalence of antibodies against hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) was investigated in saudi children with sickle cell anaemia (sca) (50 patients: 28 boys, 22 girls; age range 2-14 years) and beta-thalassemia major (28 patients: 12 boys, 16 girls; age range 2-12 years). the sca patients were from the gizan area (south) while the thalassemics were from the riyadh area (central province). the prevalence of hepatitis e virus antibody (hevab) in patients with sca (18.0%) an ... | 1996 | 8871882 |
| false-positive serologic test resulting from a probable yeast infection in a chimpanzee. | sera used to identify putative hepatitis e viral proteins expressed in pischia pastoris produced a false-positive reaction because of antibodies to a yeast protein. this report illustrates a potential problem when serological reagents are used in combination with recombinant proteins expressed in yeast. | 1996 | 8877148 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence in acute viral hepatitis in a developed country confirmed by a supplemental assay. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is prevalent among cases of acute viral hepatitis in young adults in developing countries. hev infection is not restricted to endemic areas, but would appear to be worldwide in distribution. in order to document the incidence of hev infection in acute hepatitis cases in a developed country, igg and igm anti-hev antibodies and hev rna were tested in 101 caucasian patients with acute viral hepatitis; 92 of these cases had markers of acute viral hepatitis other tha ... | 1996 | 8890035 |
| igm and igg antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) detected by an enzyme immunoassay based on an hev-specific artificial recombinant mosaic protein. | to develop an enzyme immunoassay (eia) for igm antibody to hepatitis e virus (hev) (igm anti-hev) and igg antibody to hev (igg anti-hev), a synthetic gene encoding several liner immunodominant antigenic epitopes from hev structural proteins was assembled as a chimeric recombinant mosaic protein (mpr) with glutathione s-transferase and used as an immunodiagnostic target. in addition, a neutralization confirmation test was developed using individual synthetic peptides. among 614 patients with acut ... | 1996 | 8890041 |
| a high hepatitis e virus seroprevalence among renal transplantation and haemophilia patient populations. | 1996 | 8834035 | |
| experimental infection of the laboratory rat with the hepatitis e virus. | to confirm an earlier report that laboratory rats are susceptible to infection with the hepatitis e virus (hev), we inoculated 27 wistar rats intravenously with a suspension of a human stool known to contain infectious hev. stool, sera, and various tissues were collected from three rats each on days 0 (preinoculation) and 4, 7, 11, 14, 18, 21, 25, 28, and 35 postinoculation. stool and sera specimens were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the presence of hev genomic ... | 1996 | 8835343 |
| fulminant hepatic failure in pregnant women: acute fatty liver or acute viral hepatitis? | hepatitis e virus, which is endemic in our region, can cause severe liver dysfunction in pregnant women and this can be clinically confused with acute fatty liver of pregnancy. | 1996 | 8836897 |
| [hepatitis viruses]. | the existence of five kinds of hepatitis viruses such as hepatitis a, b, c, d and e has been convinced since 1967 when blumberg discovered hepatitis b virus. the confirmation of virus which induces hepatitis has mainly depended on the measurement of antigen/antibody system. however, in order to grasp the entity of liver disease in more detail, analysis of virus nucleic acid is required. especially, in case of patients who showed persistent infection of hepatitis b virus or hepatitis c virus, gen ... | 1996 | 8911068 |
| hepatitis e in south africa: evidence for sporadic spread and increased seroprevalence in rural areas. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of non-a, non-b hepatitis in developing countries. factors influencing sporadic spread of hepatitis e are unclear. we examined anti-hev seroprevalence and demographic data from 407 urban and 360 rural black south african adults living in formal housing, squatter camps, or mud huts. anti-hev sero-prevalence ranged from 5.8% to 19.1% (mean 10.7%) in the different regions. mean urban and rural rates were 6.6% and 15.3%, respectively (p = 0.0001). rural mud h ... | 1996 | 8915876 |
| [hepatitis e in a nonendemic region: antibodies to hepatitis e virus in various groups of residents]. | increase in the number of seropositive subjects in the population of european and north-american regions not endemic for hepatitis e stimulated research in this field. this study was aimed at investigating the incidence of igg antibodies to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev-igg) in subjects with different liver diseases and in groups at increased risk of infection in a nonendemic region. in patients with different diseases of the liver the incidence of anti-hev-igg varied from 5.1 to 14.3%, in medical ... | 1996 | 8928500 |
| purification and characterization of a recombinant hepatitis e protein vaccine candidate by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | a protein with a molecular mass of approximately 62.10(3), derived from open reading frame 2 (orf-2) of the hepatitis e virus (hev: burma strain), was expressed in a baculovirus expression vector and purified to homogeneity. the recombinant 62 kda protein appeared to be a doublet, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). tryptic digestion in conjunction with laser desorption mass spectrometry (ld-ms) and sequence analysis of the tryptic peptides indi ... | 1996 | 8930757 |
| [seroepidemiology of hepatitis e in the state of hidalgo]. | in mexico two epidemics of hepatitis e have been reported; however, we unknown the prevalence of the infection in general population. | 1996 | 9102746 |
| expression in animal cells and characterization of the hepatitis e virus structural proteins. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major human pathogen in much of the developing world. it is a positive-strand rna virus with a 7.5-kb polyadenylated genome consisting of three open reading frames (orfs). in the absence of an in vitro culture system, the replication and expression strategy of hev and the nature of its encoded polypeptides are not well understood. we have expressed the two orfs constituting the structural portion of the hev genome in cos-1 cells by using simian virus 40-based express ... | 1996 | 8523527 |
| pathogenesis of type ii avian adenovirus infection in turkeys: in vivo immune cell tropism and tissue distribution of the virus. | hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev), a type ii avian adenovirus, causes intestinal hemorrhages and immunosuppression in turkeys. in this study, we exposed turkeys to virulent hev and examined fractionated spleen cells for the presence of viral dna by in situ hybridization and amplification of dna extracted from virus-infected cells by pcr. hev replication was detected only in the immunoglobulin m-bearing b lymphocytes and macrophage-like cells but not in the cd4+ or cd8+ t lymphocytes. the inabili ... | 1996 | 8523540 |
| acute sporadic hepatitis e virus infection in southern china. | the hepatitis e virus is responsible for epidemic and sporadic hepatitis in northwestern china, but its role as a cause of acute sporadic hepatitis in southern china has not been reported. | 1995 | 8550986 |
| [the screening of hepatitis virus and its efficacy]. | 1. infection of hepatitis a virus (hav) was prevented with hepatitis a vaccine. high risk groups of hav infection should be inoculated this vaccine because japanese peoples less than 40 years old didn't have immunity for hav. 2. infection of hepatitis e virus (hev) was scarcely observed in japan. 3. infection of hepatitis b virus (hbv) by blood transfusion was eradicated after the screening with anti-hbc antibody for blood donors. and maternal transmissions of hbv and infections of hbv in hospit ... | 1995 | 8551671 |
| prevalence of viral infections in mozambican refugees in swaziland. | the seroprevalence for antibodies to hiv-1, htlv-1, hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis e virus (hev) were determined in a large group of mozambican refugees living in swaziland. serum samples were collected from a total of 398 refugees located in the two camps (ndzevane and malindza). the prevalence for antibodies in the two camps were as follows: ndzevane: 1.2% (hiv-1); 2.8% (htlv-1); 0.3% (hcv); 4% (hev) and 66% for any hbv marker. malindza: 10.8% (hiv-1); 5.4% (htl ... | 1995 | 7498047 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis e virus antibodies in pregnant women in the paris region: serological considerations]. | 1995 | 7501614 | |
| failure to incriminate hepatitis b, hepatitis c, and hepatitis e viruses in the aetiology of fulminant non-a non-b hepatitis. | sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis is the most common indication for liver transplantation in patients presenting with fulminant and subacute liver failure. this study used serological, histological, and molecular biological techniques to examine specimens from 23 consecutive patients transplanted for sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis. no evidence was found of hepatitis c virus, hepatitis e virus, or 'cryptic' hepatitis b virus infection. | 1995 | 7698704 |
| hepatitis e. | 1995 | 7718205 | |
| [differential diagnosis of hepatitis a, b, c, d and e. clinical, biochemical and viral serologic criteria. 6: hepatitis e serology]. | 1995 | 7721220 | |
| vertical transmission of hepatitis e virus. | little is known about vertical transmission of hepatitis e virus from infected mothers to their infants. we studied eight babies born to mothers infected with hepatitis e in third trimester. one baby was icteric at birth with elevated transaminases and four babies had anicteric hepatitis. two babies were born with hypothermia and hypoglycaemia and died within 24 h; one had massive hepatic necrosis. hepatitis e virus rna was detected by pcr in cord or birth blood samples of five infants. six infa ... | 1995 | 7723501 |
| [hepatitis viruses]. | five different hepatitis viruses that cause acute and chronic hepatitis in human beings have been identified. hepatitis viruses are designated by the letters a, b, c, d and e and abbreviated as hav, hbv, hcv, hdv, and hev, respectively. although each belongs to a distinctly different virologic group, they share the feature of hepatotropism, which remains poorly understood. hav and hev are transmitted through a fecal-oral route. hdv, also referred to as the delta agent, is a defective, parenteral ... | 1995 | 7725016 |
| short report: hepatitis e infection in the brazilian amazon. | this is the first report of serologic evidence of hepatitis e infection in brazil. during a community-based survey of healthy individuals, six of 97 gold miners in the amazon region of mato grosso had antibody to the virus. the mining camps have poor sanitation with a great potential for fecal-oral transmission of disease. since levels of hepatitis e antibodies may quickly wane, studies to directly measure the incidence of seroconversion are planned to determine the intensity of transmission in ... | 1995 | 7741175 |
| sporadic hepatitis e in pakistan. | 1995 | 7741602 | |
| [synthesis and antigenic activity of peptides from the orf3 protein sequence of hepatitis e virus]. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is an infection agent (detected recently) responsible for an enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis [1,2]. hepatitis e is a big problem in many developing countries, including the central asian areas of the former soviet union [2]. by cloning followed by sequence analysis of the hev genome, three open reading frames (orf) have been identified, among them orf3 encoding a protein containing 123 amino acid residues, the function of this protein being unknown. rec ... | 1995 | 7748209 |
| [hepatitis virus]. | 1995 | 7772620 | |
| [hepatitis e: enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis]. | 1995 | 7772623 | |
| morphology and morphogenesis of hepatitis e virus (strain 87a). | the morphology and morphogenesis of isolated hepatitis e virus (hev, strain 87a) were observed by electron microscopy (em) and immune electron microscopy (iem). progressively developing local vesicles, virions accumulation in crystalline arrays and viroplasmic focus were seen in cytoplasm of infected cells. replication and assembly of the new generation viruses were closely associated with rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer), inclusion body (ib) and microfibrils. condensation and margination of ch ... | 1995 | 7774387 |
| serological evidence for hepatitis e virus infection in israel. | israel is suspected to be endemic for hepatitis e virus (hev) because of its geographic location and the large-scale immigration from endemic countries. although no cases of local hev infection have been diagnosed, a serological survey would provide indirect evidence for such infection. we examined sera from 1,416 healthy subjects, including 1,139 jews from various regions of israel and 277 arabs, most of whom reside in the west bank of the jordan river. in addition, we tested 13 non-a, non-b, a ... | 1995 | 7775954 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis e in selected australian populations. | the presence of hepatitis e virus-specific antibodies (anti-hev) was determined in selected australian groups. anti-hev was detected initially using a recombinant antigen-based enzyme immunoassay (eia). it was found that 1 of 279 (0.4%) blood donors, 14 of 182 (7.7%) indochinese refugees, 2 of 89 (2.2%) sera submitted for amoebic serology (generally people who had visited developing countries), 1 of 13 (7.7%) patients with non-a, non-b hepatitis, none of 7 (0%) patients with fulminant non-a, non ... | 1995 | 7775956 |
| etiology of acute sporadic hepatitis in adults in senegal and tunisia. | markers for acute hepatitis a, b, c and e virus infections were examined in the sera of 72 patients suffering from acute hepatitis in senegal and tunisia. hepatitis b was responsible for 36% and hepatitis c for 21% of the cases. acute hepatitis a was not diagnosed. hev infection was not observed in senegal and represents only 4% of the acute hepatitis cases in tunisia. | 1995 | 7784826 |
| [progress in hepatitis diagnosis]. | until today only five pathogens of viral hepatitis have been discovered: hepatitis virus a (hav), b (hbv), c (hcv), d (hdv) and e (hev). an update on the state of the art of actually established diagnostic procedures is briefly summarized. some recent topics and problems are covered more extensively; in the case of hbv the value of hbsag concentration as a prognostic marker, the finding 'anti-hbc only' the role of hbv mutants, the determination of circulating hbv genomic material, and modalities ... | 1995 | 7792463 |
| current therapeutic approaches to viral hepatitis. | 1995 | 7795067 | |
| experimental hepatitis e in pregnant rhesus monkeys: failure to transmit hepatitis e virus (hev) to offspring and evidence of naturally acquired antibodies to hev. | in an attempt to reproduce experimentally the fulminant hepatitis of pregnant women infected with hepatitis e virus (hev), 4 nonpregnant and 6 pregnant rhesus monkeys in the first, second, or third trimester of pregnancy were inoculated intravenously with approximately 10(5.5) id50 of hev. comparison of biochemical, histopathologic, and serologic profiles in pregnant and nonpregnant monkeys did not reveal an increase in the severity of hepatitis in the pregnant animals. hematology and serum clin ... | 1995 | 7797939 |
| hepatitis e probably contracted via a chinese herbal medicine, demonstrated by nucleotide sequencing. | hepatitis e is endemic in developing countries and may occur as imported hepatitis in industrialized countries. a 46-year-old japanese man developed immunoserologically diagnosed acute hepatitis e in japan 4 months after he had made a trip to china. he had bought a chinese herbal medicine there, taking it occasionally until approximately 6 weeks prior to the onset of acute hepatitis. nucleotide sequencing of the 3' terminal region of the viral cdna amplified from the patient's serum by polymeras ... | 1995 | 7550868 |
| locally acquired hepatitis e in the northern territory of australia. | 1995 | 7715497 | |
| protracted viremia during acute sporadic hepatitis e virus infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is associated with epidemic and sporadic hepatitis in developing countries. the disease is largely self-limited with no long-term sequelae. the source of hev for maintenance of the disease in an endemic area is unknown. this study investigated the occurrence and duration of viremia in patients with acute sporadic hev infection. | 1995 | 7806046 |
| hepatitis e virus and hiv infection in homosexual men. | 1995 | 7815864 | |
| hepatitis e. | 1995 | 7873940 | |
| hepatitis e virus and hiv infection in homosexual men. | 1995 | 7888010 | |
| age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a and e viruses in pune, india, 1982 and 1992. | the age-specific seroprevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav) and antibody to hepatitis e virus (hev) were studied in persons in pune, india, where both viruses are endemic. the data showed that hav infected the majority of persons by age 3 years and virtually 100% by late childhood. in contrast, infection with hev was rare in children and did not reach peak prevalence (33%-40%) until early adulthood. the reason for the differences in infection rates between hav and hev is not known. ag ... | 1995 | 7844387 |
| hepatitis e in brazil. | 1995 | 7475633 | |
| hepatitis b, c, d, and e markers in rural equatorial african villages (gabon). | serologic markers of hepatitis b virus (hbv), including hbv dna, and of hepatitis delta virus were measured in three villages in gabon. of 303 subjects studied, 19% were carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag); 8.5% of these had anti-delta antibodies. no difference among the three villages was observed. all hbv dna carriers were children less than 11 years of age. in the 2-9-year-old group, 71% of the hbsag-positive children tested were hbv dna carriers. these results indicate that hbv p ... | 1995 | 7485684 |
| contribution of hev and hcv in causing fulminant non-a, non-b hepatitis in western india. | during 1990, 38 patients with fulminant non-a, non-b hepatitis (nanb) died in government medical college hospital, aurangabad. serum samples from these patients were tested for antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) and igm antibodies to hepatitis e virus (igm-anti-hev). all samples were also subjected to polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of hbv dna, hcv rna and hev rna. none of the patients had circulating anti-hcv antibodies; three had hcv rna. based on anti-hev-igm positiv ... | 1995 | 7489346 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus genome and gene products in two patients with fulminant hepatitis e. | non-isotopic in situ hybridization (digoxigenin-labeled probe directed towards hepatitis e virus orf1) and immunohistochemistry (against hepatitis e virus orf2 and orf3) were applied to detect hepatitis e virus genome and gene product in the liver tissue of two patients with fulminant hepatitis e seropositive for hepatitis e virus rna. both hepatitis e virus rna and hepatitis e virus antigens were detected exclusively in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and not detected in other cell types. in both ... | 1995 | 7560853 |
| viremia, fecal shedding, and igm and igg responses in patients with hepatitis e. | viremia, fecal shedding and antibody responses to hepatitis e virus (hev) infections are poorly understood. to better characterize hev infections, these responses were examined in 67 patients with acute markers for hepatitis e who were admitted to the infectious disease hospital in kathmandu, nepal in 1993. a single stool and multiple sera from each patient were examined using polymerase chain reaction to detect hev rna. sera were also examined for antibodies to hev. viremia, fecal shedding, and ... | 1995 | 7561211 |
| hepatitis e virus antibodies among patients with hemophilia, blood donors, and hepatitis patients. | the presence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) was studied among hemophiliacs, blood donors, and hepatitis patients. four of 296 (1.4%) hemophiliacs and 5 of 1,275 (0.4%) donors were confirmed as positive for hev antibodies (difference was not significant: p = 0.07). parenteral transmission of hev to hemophiliacs was thus rare or nonexistent. seven of 187 hepatitis patients were found with hev antibodies (igg and igm). six persons fell ill shortly after arriving from hev-endemic countries ... | 1995 | 7561797 |
| high prevalence of hepatitis b, c, and e markers in young sexually active adults from the central african republic. | the central african republic is located in tropical africa, where both the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) are highly endemic. the exact prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis e virus (hev) markers in this country is unknown. the aim of the study was to determine, according to hiv and hbv serostatus, the prevalence of these markers in young sexually active adults in the central african republic. one hundred and fifty-seven consecutive patients attendin ... | 1995 | 7561802 |
| [hepatitis e: etiology and clinics of another enterically transmitted hepatitis]. | 1995 | 7571450 | |
| detection of hepatitis e virus infections among domestic swine in the kathmandu valley of nepal. | the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infections among 55 domestic swine living in the kathmandu valley of nepal was investigated. sera and stool specimens were collected from 47 free-roaming swine and examined for the presence of hev genomic sequences by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. sera from these animals, as well as sera from eight other swine, were also examined for the presence of hev-specific antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by a fluorescen ... | 1995 | 7573701 |
| the risk of viral hepatitis a, b, c, and e among north american missionaries. | the seroprevalence and incidence of hepatitis a, b, c, and e virus infection were determined among north american missionaries (n = 328) serving in various geographic locations between 1967 and 1984. the mean age of subjects at entry into the study was 39.7 years (range 5-73 years); 65% were female; 89% had lived outside the united states before the study began. seventy-eight percent of subjects served in sub-saharan africa during the study. at initial evaluation, 50.9% of the subjects had antib ... | 1995 | 7573702 |
| cross-challenge studies in rhesus monkeys employing different indian isolates of hepatitis e virus. | the aim of this study was to determine if rhesus monkeys infected with one isolate of hepatitis e virus (hev) were immune to subsequent challenge with other isolates of the virus. three epidemic and one sporadic indian hev isolates were employed in the study. the interval between primary inoculation and challenge varied from 1 year and 6 months to 2 years and 9 months. evidence of hev infection was ascertained by rise in serum alanine transaminase (alt) levels and/or seroconversion to antibodies ... | 1995 | 7595413 |
| hepatitis e virus: a brief review of the biology, molecular virology, and immunology of a novel virus. | our basic understanding of the biology, molecular virology, and immunology of hepatitis e virus (hev) is briefly reviewed. hev is a small, round, nonenveloped virus with morphologic and biophysical properties most similar to viruses found in the family caliciviridae. the genome of hev is approximately 7.5 kb in length and consists of a positive-sense, single-stranded rna molecule that contains three distinct open reading frames (orf1, orf2, orf3) that appear to encode for nonstructural and struc ... | 1995 | 7602068 |
| risk of hepatitis "e" virus infection among some schistosomiasis patients in egypt. | this study was carried out to demonstrate hepatitis "e" virus antibodies (igg) among individuals living in different rural areas. the study included 200 individuals. one hundred were suffering from s. mansoni as confirmed by stool egg count, rectal snip, abdominal ultrasound and liver biopsy. the second hundred (group ii) were parasite-free individuals serving as normal control. the main symptoms of group i were dyspepsia, fatigue, dysentery, bleeding per rectum and hepatomegaly. there was no si ... | 1995 | 7602154 |
| hemorrhagic enteritis virus induced changes in the lymphocyte subpopulations in turkeys and the effect of experimental immunodeficiency on viral pathogenesis. | we examined the changes in the lymphocyte subpopulations in the spleen and peripheral blood of turkeys and the effects of experimental immunodeficiency in the b and t cell compartments on the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic enteritis (he) in turkeys. inoculation of turkeys with hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev) induced a drop in the relative proportions of igm bearing cells on day 2, 3, and 9 post-infection and an elevation in the relative proportions of cd4+ cells on day 4 and 6 post-infection. ele ... | 1995 | 7604531 |
| [incidence of hepatitis e in austria]. | sera from 1274 patients were tested for igg antibodies to hepatitis e using the newly developed abbott enzyme immunoassay (eia). all tested patients had previously proved to be negative for hepatitis a, b, and c. 180 suffered from hepatitis, in the remaining 1094 the hepatitis tests were done for other reasons (presurgical, pregnancy etc.). no clear-cut distinction was found between positive and negative sera in the abbott elisa: therefore the cut-off value was set somewhat higher than as stated ... | 1995 | 7610659 |
| short report: relative risk of hepatitis a and e among foreigners in nepal. | sera from two groups of patients in nepal with acute hepatitis were examined for the presence of antibodies to the hepatitis a, b, c, and e viruses to determine the etiology of viral hepatitis. the first group consisted of 43 consecutive acute hepatitis patients presenting at a clinic for tourists and foreign residents in kathmandu from january 1987 to june 1988. the other group consisted of 95 consecutive acute hepatitis patients admitted during the same period at a hospital used predominantly ... | 1995 | 7611554 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in hemophiliacs. | israel is endemic for hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of enteric non-a, non-b hepatitis. transmission is via the feco-oral route but the possibility of transmission through blood transfusion has been raised. this question was addressed by examining sera from 188 hemophilic patients in israel, screening was performed with an enzyme immunoassay (eia) for antibody against hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) and confirmed with a neutralization test. sixteen patients (9%) were seropositive for ... | 1995 | 7636504 |
| [hepatitis e]. | 1995 | 7644796 | |
| genomic relationship of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus to bovine coronavirus and human coronavirus oc43 as studied by the use of bovine coronavirus s gene-specific probes. | the genomic relationship of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev) to bovine coronavirus (bcv) and human coronavirus (hcv) strain oc43 was examined by dot blot hybridization assays. two bcv s gene-specific probes were generated by polymerase chain reaction from the avirulent l9-strain of bcv. probes were located in the s1 and the s2 region of the peplomeric (s) glycoprotein gene. the s1 probe (726 bp) hybridized with bcv and hcv-oc43, but not with hev under moderate stringency hy ... | 1995 | 7646353 |
| [hepatitis e virus: a new infective agent for an old disease]. | 1995 | 7647139 | |
| hepatitis e: a virus in waiting. | 1995 | 7658774 | |
| two years' investigation of epidemic hepatitis e virus transmission in west kalimantan (borneo), indonesia. | two years' follow-up investigation of a hepatitis e virus (hev) outbreak in west kalimantan, indonesia in 1991 was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of epidemic hev transmission and the persistence of the immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody response. sixty cases identified as anti-hev igg positive during the outbreak in 1991 were matched with 67 controls and examined, together with 318 members of their families. overall, the prevalence of anti-hev igg among the 445 subjects (representing 1 ... | 1995 | 7660427 |
| risk factors and prevalence of hepatitis e in german immigrants from the former soviet union. | worldwide there is only limited information on the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus (hev) and its association with other hepatotropic viruses. endemic regions have been described in some asian countries, whereas in europe only sporadic cases have been reported. the prevalence of hev and a series of other viral hepatitis infections was investigated in a group of 1,025 individuals immigrating into germany from the former soviet union. serum samples were tested for anti-hev by a commercial enzyme ... | 1995 | 7666043 |
| illness in journalists and relief workers involved in international humanitarian assistance efforts in somalia, 1992-93. | background: journalists and relief workers participating in international relief efforts in somalia following the intervention of outside armed forces in late 1992, were faced with a number of threats to their health. principally these threats were from endemic infectious diseases and trauma. methods: in-patient, emergency clinic, and laboratory records of u.s. military field hospitals, which provided the only available sophisticated medical care in somalia during most of the study period (decem ... | 1995 | 9815365 |
| [characteristics of the hepatitis e virus]. | 1995 | 8948770 | |
| [hepatitis e: clinical course and serology]. | 1995 | 8948771 | |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the penton base genes of type ii avian adenoviruses. | we describe here the identification of the penton base gene of hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev), a type ii avian adenovirus, in a 2477-base pair (bp)-ecori fragment of the viral dna by sequence analysis. identification is based on an extensive amino acid homology between the hev-open reading frame and the penton base of a fowl adenovirus (fav-10) and various human adenoviruses. the 1344 bp-penton base gene of hev encodes a 448-amino acid polypeptide of molecular weight of 50,843 da. the nucleot ... | 1995 | 8837891 |
| viral serology and detection. | viral detection is an important part of clinical hepatology. for many years practical clinical tests have been serological but recently newer molecular techniques have become available for virus detection, although these have yet to become routine and some, such as pcr of viral nucleic acid in blood or tissue are not yet consistently reliable. serology remains the mainstay at present for routine diagnosis. hepatitis a testing in clinical practice is entirely serological, the igm response represe ... | 1995 | 8903801 |
| [fecal-oral transmission of viral hepatitis]. | 1995 | 8830209 | |
| neuronal spread of swine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev) 67n strain in 4-week-old rats. | 1995 | 8830465 | |
| analysis of cellular receptors for human coronavirus oc43. | bovine coronavirus (bcv), human coronavirus oc43 (hcv-oc43) and hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev) are serologically related viruses that all have hemagglutinating activity. the receptor determinant for attachment to erythrocytes has been shown to be n-acetyl-9-o-acetylneuraminic acid (neu5,9ac2). we compared the ability of the three coronaviruses to recognize 9-o-acetylated sialic acid and found that they all bind to neu5,9ac2 attached to galactose in either a2,3 or a2,6-linkage. th ... | 1995 | 8830510 |
| [hepatitis e]. | 1995 | 8749401 |