Publications

s-adenosylmethionine and transmethylation reactions in trichomonads.	s-adenosylmethionine (sam) levels in trichomonads, a range of trypanosomatids and mouse liver were measured using hplc techniques. the concentrations were found to be similar in each with the exception of herpetomonas muscarum ingenoplastis, which contained approximately ten-fold more. living trichomonads were found to incorporate exogenous l-methionine into intracellular sam and its methyl carbon was also detected in lipids and nucleic acids, presumably through its involvement in transmethylati ...	1987	3108875
influence of microbial colonization on sperm-mucus interaction in vivo and in vitro.	two-hundred-and-thirty-three asymptomatic couples with a mean duration of infertility of 5 years were submitted to postcoital testing (pt) and to sperm penetration meter test (spmt) and simultaneous microbial screening. cervical swabs and semen specimens were collected for culture of mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, other potentially pathogenic and commensal aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, herpes simplex virus, vaginal swabs for trichomona ...	1987	3114313
antimicrobial effects of some mono- and bishydrazones.	antibacterial, antifungal and antiprotozoal effects of nine mono- and bishydrazones of glycolaldehyde, glyoxal, methoxyacetaldehyde and glutaraldehyde were studied using eight model organisms. it was found that bishydrazones are much more efficient antimicrobial agents than monohydrazones in the case of all model microorganisms.	1987	3117651
sexually transmittable organisms in the urethra of males with and without urethritis.	in 589 males, 169 with and 420 without urethritis, urethral swabs were taken and assessed semiquantitatively for the sexually transmittable infectious agents neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, trichomonas vaginalis and candida species. the organisms were isolated in patients with and without urethritis as follows: n. gonorrhoeae with urethritis 19.5%, without 0.0%; c. trachomatis with urethritis 16.0%, without 2.9%; u. urealyticum (high cfu- ...	1987	3118595
antitrichomonal activity of alpha-difluoromethylornithine.	alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, affected the pathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis in two model systems. firstly, it blocked the cytotoxic effect of the parasite towards mammalian cells in culture: at a concentration of 1 mm it prevented the death of mouse myeloma cells in mixed culture with trichomonads. secondly, when administered orally to mice (multiple doses of 750 mg/kg body wt), the drug delayed the development of subcutaneous abscesses due to t. va ...	1987	3119554
antimicrobial properties of aromatic compounds of plant origin.	the antimicrobial action of 11 compounds involving guaiacyl- and syringyl-like structures (low-molecular-weight part of lignin), gallic acid and its derivatives, cinnamic acid and its derivatives, veratric acid, anisic acid and crotonic acid (a total of 25 compounds) against bacteria, yeast-like organisms and protozoa was examined. aromatic compounds modified in the c-side chain and aldehydes were effective preferentially against trichomonas vaginalis, whereas against bacteria and yeast-like org ...	1987	3121479
the prevalence of sexually transmitted disease agents in pregnant women in suva.	routine testing of 440 women (257 fijians, 183 indians) at the first antenatal attendance identified chlamydia trachomatis in 50% of fijians and 38% of indians; the seropositivity rates for syphilis were 14.2% and 1.7% respectively, and the isolation rates for n. gonorrhoeae were 3.1% in fijians and 1.1% in indians.	1987	3124803
[current therapeutic aspects of trichomonas vaginalis infections in gynecology].		1987	2972473
[a comparative study of the incidence of gardnerella vaginalis in users of iud and oral contraceptives].	leukorrhea constitutes one of the most frequent complaints by women visiting out-patient gynecological clinics. the most common etiological agents are gardnerella vaginalis, trichomonas vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhoea and candida albicans. some authors have been able to verify an increased presence of certain pathogenic germs in the vaginal flora for users of contraceptive methods, e.g., for users of iud, kivijarvi et al. demonstrated a significantly increased presence of gardnerella vaginalis ...	1987	12282423
[detection of igg antibodies with immunofluorescent antibody technique in human trichomoniasis]	the indirect fluorescent antibody(ifa) test was used to detect serum igg and igm antibodies to trichomonas vaginalis in 31 vaginal trichomoniasis, 7 candidiasis and in 20 non-infected healthy wonem with antigen prepared from axenic culture of trichomonas vaginalis isolated from vulvovaginitis patient. the results were as follows: in 31 vaginal trichomoniasis the positive reactions of igg antibody were 27 in the 1/8 dilution or higher and 4 in the 1/4 dilution whereas in healthy women the reactio ...	1987	12886077
inhibition of hydrogen production in drug-resistant and susceptible trichomonas vaginalis strains by a range of nitroimidazole derivatives.		1986	3000386
respiration of trichomonas vaginalis. components detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.		1986	3007142
[vulvovaginitis. etiopathogenesis and microbiological diagnosis].		1986	3008032
screening to reduce transmission of sexually transmitted diseases in semen used for artificial insemination.	the practice of artificial insemination by donor semen is increasing in the united states. many sexually transmitted organisms are found in semen, but screening procedures for the detection of these agents in donor semen have not been standardized. sexually transmitted organisms have been transmitted during artificial insemination by donor, and such transmission can cause local, disseminated, or fatal disease in the recipient woman and may harm the fetus or newborn. therefore, screening of both ...	1986	3010110
prevalence of genital pathogens among female prostitutes in new york city and in rotterdam.	the authors studied the prevalence of genital microorganisms among 300 female prostitutes in brothels in new york city and 60 female prostitutes attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in rotterdam, the netherlands. rates of isolation of neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum in the two cities were 9.3% and 8.3%, 25.3% and 16.6%, 57.3% and 74.9%, and 73% and 79%, respectively. trichomonas vaginalis was detected in 3.6% of new york pr ...	1986	3012805
[antiviral agents. 28. aliphatic substituted chlordihexylamino-1,3,5-triazine].	the nucleophilic substitution of one chlorine atom in 2,4-dichloro-6-(dihexylamino)-1,3,5-triazine (1) by primary (2a-b) or secondary (2c) amines leads to the aliphatically substituted chloro-dihexylamino-1,3,5-triazines (3a-c) structures of type 3 may be characterized by the spectroscopic data. in the mass spectra, the complete degradation of the alkyl groupings is striking and manifested in a series of consecutive peaks with differences of 14 between each other. antiviral activity is exhibited ...	1986	3013214
glycerol, a metabolic end product of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus.	glycerol was demonstrated as an end product of anaerobic glucose metabolism in trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus, produced in addition to acetate, h2, co2, and lactate or succinate. in t. vaginalis strain c-1, glycerol amounted to 16% of the fermentation products and was formed at an average rate of 38 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1. corresponding figures for t. foetus strain kv1 were 7% and 4.8 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1. the amounts of glycerol detected compensated almost exactly for t ...	1986	3016535
purine salvage enzymes in trichomonas vaginalis.		1986	3020926
[sexually transmitted infections in patients with condylomata acuminata].	42 patients (26 males, 16 females) with genital and perianal warts were submitted to serological testing for hbv markers, anti hsv antibodies and syphilis. specimens were also collected for microscopic and cultural examination for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, candida albicans and other pathogenic bacteria from urethra in men and from urethra, vagina and cervix in women. women had also cytologic examination from cervix with papanicolau method. we have found ...	1986	3081835
prevalence of nonspecific vaginitis and other cervicovaginal infections during the third trimester of pregnancy.	nonspecific vaginitis (nsv) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a decreased concentration of normal acidophilic döderlein flora in the vagina and increased concentration of nonacidophilic microorganisms, such as gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobic bacteria, and mycoplasmas. since several nsv-associated organisms are associated with complications of pregnancy, we studied the prevalence of nsv among 104 consecutive women during the third trimester of pregnancy. overall, 14 women (14%) had nsv by ...	1986	3082020
sexually transmissible infectious agents in sexually active and virginal asymptomatic adolescent girls.	sixty-eight sexually active and 52 virginal adolescent girls were evaluated for six sexually transmissible infectious agents: gardnerella vaginalis, ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, and neisseria gonorrhoeae. there were significant differences between sexually active and virginal girls with respect to the prevalence of isolation of u urealyticum (75% v 33%, p less than .005), m hominis (27% v 10%, p less than .05), and c trachomatis (19% v ...	1986	3083395
microbiology of vaginal discharge in general practice.	three groups of women were examined by culture for gardnerella vaginalis and candida. group i consisted of 427 women, who complained spontaneously of vaginal discharge, group ii of 311 women who did not complain of vaginal discharge until questioned prior to gynaecological examination, and group iii of 100 women who denied vaginal discharge. groups i and ii also had cultures made for trichomonas vaginalis and neisseria gonorrhoica. in group i with spontaneous complaints the one-year prevalence r ...	1986	3088694
microflora in pregnancy.		1986	3090295
polyamine biosynthesis in trichomonads.	trichomonas vaginalis, tritrichomonas foetus and trichomitus batrachorum grown in modified diamond's medium all had high concentrations of putrescine and lower concentrations of spermidine and spermine. ornithine decarboxylase (odc; ec 4.1.1.17) was detectable in all three species although at significantly different levels. trichomonas vaginalis had the highest activity (typically around 1.85 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1), trichomitus batrachorum the lowest (0.11 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1). the tri ...	1986	3090433
anaerobic pyruvate metabolism of tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomes.	hydrogenosomes isolated from tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis fermented pyruvate to acetate, malate, h2, and co2 in an anaerobic process dependent on adp, pi, mg2+, and succinate. the extent to which pyruvate was carboxylated to malate by malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) rather than decarboxylated to acetate by pyruvate/ferredoxin oxidoreductase was dependent on pco2. the processes observed showed carbon and redox balances. the presence of an nadh/ferredoxin oxidoreductase a ...	1986	3090435
risk of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases by cryopreserved semen.	the increasing incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (std) involves the risk of the transmission of these diseases by the artificial insemination. therefore the cryotolerance of several microorganisms causing std and the efficiency of penicillin of the cryoprotective medium (cmp) against neisseria gonorrhoeae (n.g.) were investigated. the results have shown that penicillinase-producing n.g. (ppng), genital mycoplasmas and candida species survive the cryopreservation. trichomonas vaginalis c ...	1986	3090904
[heterogeneity of tubulins of parasitic protozoa].		1986	3092715
aminotransferase activities in trichomonas vaginalis.	a survey of aminotransferase activities present in a cell-free extract of the anaerobic protozoan, trichomonas vaginalis was performed. 2-oxoglutarate, oxaloacetate or phenylpyruvate acted as effective amino acceptors with tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, leucine, valine, isoleucine, aspartate, alanine, ornithine or lysine. arginine, serine, glutamine, glycine, beta-alanine and gamma-aminobutyrate were not active as amino donors. with pyruvate as acceptor, significant, yet low, activity was ...	1986	3095639
evaluation of new plastic envelope microbiology (pem) methods as adjuncts in the diagnosis of candida albicans and trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis.		1986	3095702
[cytotoxic activity of trichomonas vaginalis supernatants toward cellular monolayers].	in the present paper we analyzed the cytopathogenic activity of 3 recently isolated strains of t. vaginalis on cellular monolayers of human and animal origin. proliferation of protozoon was accompanied by the progressive and total disintegration of cellular monolayers. supernatants obtained by incubating cellular monolayers and trichomonas or trichomonas alone showed a similar cytopathic effect. a less lytic activity was shown with supernatants containing fetal calf serum. cytopathogenicity star ...	1986	3502600
experimental transmission of trichomonas vaginalis in laboratory animals and the chemistry of vaginal exudates.	experimental transmission of trichomonas vaginalis into laboratory was carried out. the protein and glucose levels of infected vaginal exudates were also investigated. subcutaneous lesions were produced in the mice with influx of neutrophils and macrophages and sloughing of epidermal parts. rats, seem to be refractory to this infection. compared with normal persons, the protein and glucose levels were higher and richer in exudates of patients with t. vaginalis infection.	1986	3493997
a new metabolic labelling medium for trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus using 35s methionine.	a metabolic labelling medium was devised for trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus utilizing 35s methionine. t. vaginalis cultured for 24h in the medium took up approximately 27% of the available label and increased greater than two fold in number. counts per microgram of protein were 32,555 +/- 10% between different strains or identical strains in different labelling runs. t. foetus took up approximately 5% of the available label and increased greater than two fold in 24h. this result ...	1986	3485292
etiology of cervical inflammation.	we studied the relationships of selected microbial, clinical, demographic, and behavioral variables to mucopurulent cervicitis in two clinical settings, a sexually transmitted disease clinic and a student health clinic. from each clinic, we studied a group of women referred for suspected mucopurulent cervicitis and a representative sample of other women attending the clinic. after the women were stratified by patient group and summary odds ratios for all groups were obtained, mucopurulent cervic ...	1986	3485379
trichomonas vaginalis: electrophoretic analysis and heterogeneity among isolates due to high-molecular-weight trichomonad proteins.	the protein composition of trichomonas vaginalis isolates was evaluated using one-dimensional and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography. at least two hundred intrinsically labeled and about 30 major extrinsically labeled proteins of molecular weights less than 120,000 were resolved by isoelectric focusing and electrophoresis. in general, long-term grown and fresh isolates of t. vaginalis gave similar fluorograms of the readily detectable prote ...	1986	3485537
tioconazole 2% cream in the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis or mixed vaginal infections.	twenty patients with documented t. vaginalis infections, six of whom were simultaneously infected with c. albicans and one with g. vaginalis, were treated topically (intravaginally) once daily with 5 g of 2% tioconazole vaginal cream (trosyd, pfizer) for 3 consecutive days in an open, non-comparative study. at the first follow-up visit (about 7 days post-treatment), 95% (19/20) of the patients were cured; 95% (18/19) of patients remained cured with respect to the baseline infection at the long-t ...	1986	3485546
isolation of trichomonas vaginalis: a simple diagnostic medium for use in developing countries.		1986	3485756
growth and cytopathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis in tissue cultures.	the primary purpose of this study was to identify the mammalian tissue cultures which were most suitable for investigations of the cytopathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis. a recently isolated strain of the organism was inoculated into 15 different tissue cultures which were maintained in an appropriately modified growth medium. proliferation of the protozoon was accompanied by the progressive disintegration of cell culture monolayers. initial focal lesions consisting of detached cells and an ...	1986	3486191
in vitro drug susceptibility and doses of metronidazole required for cure in cases of refractory vaginal trichomoniasis.	there are currently no laboratory or clinical guidelines for the identification and treatment of disease caused by metronidazole-resistant strains of trichomonas vaginalis. fifty-three isolates of t. vaginalis from cases of refractory vaginitis in the united states (26 states) and canada were tested for aerobic and anaerobic metronidazole susceptibility, and after various dosages of metronidazole, the therapeutic outcomes were evaluated for 31 of these cases. the mean aerobic metronidazole susce ...	1986	3486237
ferredoxin-dependent reduction of nitroimidazole derivatives in drug-resistant and susceptible strains of trichomonas vaginalis.	the inhibitory effect of a range of nitroimidazole-derivatives on h2 production by metronidazole resistant (cdc-85) and susceptible (c1-nih) trichomonas vaginalis strains was investigated. the 2-, 4-, and 5-nitro-derivatives used had one-electron reduction potentials within the range -250 to -525 mv. nitroimidazole concentrations giving 50% inhibition of h2 production (kih2) for compounds with one-electron reduction potentials in the range -250 to -425 mv were found to be similar for both strain ...	1986	3486660
persistent trichomonas vaginalis infection due to a metronidazole-resistant strain.		1986	3486706
incubation time, second blind passage, and cost considerations in the isolation of trichomonas vaginalis.	in a group of 247 symptomatic and asymptomatic women, 75 (30.3%) were found to harbour trichomonas vaginalis; 39 (52%) infections were detected by wet mount and 36 (48%) were detected by culture only. of the latter, 27 produces a positive culture in 3 days or less and 9 were positive, on average, at day 6. the break even cost of culture was $6.75 per patient. among 70 wet mount-negative, primary culture-negative specimens that received a blind passage, another 3 (4.2%) positive cultures were det ...	1986	3487552
vaginal trichomoniasis in sharkyia governorate.		1986	3487598
metronidazole-resistant clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis have lowered oxygen affinities.	oxygen affinities of metronidazole susceptible and resistant isolates of the parasitic flagellate protozoon trichomonas vaginalis were determined by mass spectrometric methods. apparent o2km values for the respiration of non-proliferating cell suspensions were about 10-fold higher for metronidazole resistant strains than for the susceptible strains c1-nih or nyh-286. simultaneous monitoring of hydrogen evolution in the presence of increasing o2 tensions enabled apparent ki values for h2 to be de ...	1986	3487729
morphological studies of the cytotoxicity of trichomonas vaginalis to normal human vaginal epithelial cells in vitro.	in vitro cultured monolayers of normal human vaginal epithelial cells were incubated with axenic cultures of trichomonas vaginalis. two strains freshly isolated from patients with trichomoniasis and one strain that had been maintained in axenic culture for several years were studied. freshly isolated trichomonads showed amoeboid movements, adherence to epithelial cell surfaces, and were cytotoxic to epithelial cells in vitro. in contrast, the laboratory strain maintained for years in axenic cult ...	1986	3488256
[symptomatic and asymptomatic vaginitis. microbiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects].		1986	3488870
monoclonal antibody to a major glycoprotein immunogen mediates differential complement-independent lysis of trichomonas vaginalis.	an immunoglobulin g type 2a (igg2a) monoclonal antibody (mab), designated c20a3, which reacts with a highly immunogenic trichomonad membrane glycoprotein (approximately 270,000 daltons), produced complement-independent cytolysis of trichomonas vaginalis organisms. time- and temperature-dependent lysis of parasites was observed following incubation of washed, live t. vaginalis with certain concentrations of c20a3 igg. differential killing of trichomonal isolates and clones of a given isolate by c ...	1986	3488964
frequency and epidemiologic associations of different types of vaginitis in symptomatic women in greece.		1986	3489617
the double-stranded rna in trichomonas vaginalis may originate from virus-like particles.	a linear 5.5-kilobase double-stranded rna, identified in many strains and isolates of the parasitic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis in a previous study, is found largely intact in ribonuclease-treated homogenates of the parasite. it can be pelleted with membranes from the homogenate at 12,500 x g and further purified in cscl buoyant density-gradient centrifugations. the purified sample contains the double-stranded rna as well as one major protein with an estimated molecular mass of 85 kda in nad ...	1986	3489942
[in vitro activity of the combination of mercurobutal and sodium lauryl sulfate on trichomonas].		1986	3489971
[transmission of trichomonas vaginalis in swimming pools?].	trichomonas vaginalis could not be isolated from the water of a highly frequented swimming pool of the city of zurich. the protozoon t. vaginalis may show a slight degree of motility; even after 20 minutes exposure to the chlorinated water of a swimming pool; but it looses its infectivity within seconds after exposure to water of the swimming pool. it is not yet known how trichomonads are able to survive in the secretions of the vagina and on contaminated objects (fomites) in dressing rooms.	1986	3490073
[observation on the effect of mandelic amide on trichomonas vaginalis by transmission electron microscopy].		1986	3490327
antiprotozoal effects of some hydrazones.	antiprotozoal effects of hydrazones derived from compounds with 1 to 4 carbon atoms were studied on the model organism trichomonas vaginalis isolated from a female patient with acute urogenital trichomoniasis.	1986	3490421
rapid assay for immunological detection of trichomonas vaginalis.	trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted disease with an estimated incidence of 4 million to 8 million cases a year in the united states. the most commonly used method of diagnosis is a direct microscopic observation (wet mount) of vaginal secretions and, although both rapid and inexpensive, the sensitivity of this technique is generally 50 to 70%. we developed an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis which is both rapid and sensitiv ...	1986	3490489
immunoglobulin isotypes of anti-trichomonas vaginalis antibodies in patients with vaginal trichomoniasis.	studies of anti-trichomonas vaginalis antibodies in patients with vaginal trichomoniasis were undertaken in attempts to identify the predominant antibody isotype produced and to delineate clinically significant antigens. the total antibody content of serum samples from 23 patients was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) that employed anti-human immunoglobulin and isotype-specific antisera. the immunochemical reactivity of these antibodies was examined by western blot analy ...	1986	3490492
prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis in some filipino women.	vaginal specimens obtained from 1,284 hospitality girls and 87 expectant mothers were examined for trichomonas vaginalis by first examining material collected from vaginal swabs and after incubation in feinberg and whittington culture medium. twenty-four percent of the specimens examined, shortly after the cotton-tip swab was placed into 1 ml culture medium, were positive by direct microscopic examination and 37% positive following 3 to 5 days incubation at 37 degrees c. only 3 of the specimens ...	1986	3491430
epidemiological data, cytology and colposcopy in iud (intrauterine device), e-p (estro-progestogens) and diaphragm users. study of cytological changes of endometrium iud related.	the author compares the epidemiological, cytological and colposcopical data found in iud users, with a control population of estro-progestogens and condom users. the age, parity and clinical symptomatology, mainly leukorrhea, was higher in iud users. at the colposcopic examination a normal pattern was found in condom users more frequently, but the suspect colposcopic signs were frequently associated with the use of the iud. the oncologic evaluation of smears showed a slight dysplasia in 17.65% a ...	1986	3708832
a review of papanicolaou smears in a black hospital.	results of 3,009 papanicolaou smears from black women are reviewed. the modus operandi and cost for the outpatient component are presented. abnormal results were reported in 11.6 percent of the combined outpatients and inpatients. the major portion of the changes in this subset were due to atypia present in a substantial number of women with trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis. programs of this nature with a specific objective may be easily merged into the basic medical services provided by an outpa ...	1986	3712481
[mixed infections of the urogenital tract with trichomonas vaginalis and yeast-like fungi in humans with reference to treatment].	comparative studies on the incidence of mixed infections with t. vaginalis and yeast-like fungi in man carried out within the years 1969-1980 and 1981-1984 showed a progressive increase of this kind of disease. clinical treatment with clotrimazole was performed in 35 patients. local therapy with clotrimazole was effective, if 3-5 days later the patients receive tinidazole at one dosage. in some patients, the therapy has to be continued with metronidazole.	1986	3754079
incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in rape victims during 1984.	during 1984, 46 women attended the sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic at st mary's hospital alleging that they had been raped. at presentation, 31 (67%) were asymptomatic. evidence of std was found in 14 (30%) women, mixed infections occurring in four. chlamydia trachomatis and trichomonas vaginalis were each detected in six (13%) patients and neisseria gonorrhoeae in three (6%). the source of the infection could not confidently be traced to the alleged rapist. two patients were found to ...	1986	3755418
a retrospective study of doxycycline in the treatment of genitourinary infections.	a retrospective study was conducted to assess the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma ureolyticum, and mycoplasma sp in patients with suspected genital infection, and to assess the efficacy of doxycycline and other current antibiotic therapies. over a three-year period, 1,048 records of patients (64% female; 36% male) were reviewed. c trachomatis, u ureolyticum, or mycoplasma hominis was found in 39% of the men and 49% of the women. other pathogens included gardnerella vaginalis (in ...	1986	3829089
immunogenic proteins of trichomonas vaginalis as demonstrated by the immunoblot technique.	fifteen clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis were evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with transfer to nitrocellulose and by immunoblots probed with human sera. all t. vaginalis isolates showed similar banding patterns by coomassie brilliant blue and silver staining of the electrophoresis gels and by amido black staining of the nitrocellulose. however, by the immunoblot technique, differences in banding patterns were noted, particularly in the high-molecu ...	1986	3510170
monoclonal antibodies against trichomonas vaginalis.	spleen lymphocytes obtained from mice immunized with trichomonas vaginalis atcc 30001 were fused with p3-x63-ag8-653 mouse myeloma in order to produce hybridoma-secreting antibodies against t. vaginalis associated antigens. six hybridoma cloned cell lines were established; three produced igg1, two produced igg2a, and one produced igm monoclonal antibody. these six monoclonal antibodies showed binding to seven isolated strains of t. vaginalis but did not bind to giardia lamblia. three of those mo ...	1986	3514432
monoclonal antibody to a major surface glycoprotein immunogen differentiates isolates and subpopulations of trichomonas vaginalis.	to produce monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to highly immunogenic membrane proteins of trichomonas vaginalis nyh286, the sera of subcutaneously infected balb/c mice were first monitored for antibody to trichomonad surface proteins. the sera possessed antibody to one major surface protein by 7 days and antibody to numerous other trichomonad membrane proteins by 4 weeks postinfection. a hybridoma was then generated that synthesized an mab, designated c20a3, which reacted to a parasite-derived glycopro ...	1986	3514466
an immunofluorescent study of the microtubule organization in trichomonas vaginalis using antitubulin antibodies.	the flagellated protozoon trichomonas vaginalis, parasite of the human urogenital tract, possesses a well developed microtubule system organized in highly differentiated structures. we have shown by immunoblotting that monospecific anti-sheep brain tubulin antibodies are able to react with the microtubular tubulin of t. vaginalis. these antibodies were used to study the microtubular system of t. vaginalis both in interphase and mitosis by indirect immunofluorescence. the interphase microtubular ...	1986	3514904
evaluation of fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibody test to detect chlamydia trachomatis endocervical infections in adolescent girls.	we evaluated the fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibody (fa) test for screening for chlamydia trachomatis endocervical infection in a general adolescent clinic. three hundred sixty-three consecutive adolescent girls, ages 13 to 20 years (mean 17.3 years) were examined. forty-five (12%) fa smears had insufficient cells. reason for visit included non-lower genital tract-related disorders in 241 (76%) girls, and lower genital tract-related disorders in 77 (24%). c. trachomatis was isolated by t ...	1986	3517270
immunotherapeutic effect of the lactobacillus vaccine, solco trichovac, in trichomoniasis is not mediated by antibodies cross reacting with trichomonas vaginalis.	according to the producers of the lactobacillus vaccine, solco trichovac, its therapeutic effect in trichomoniasis is achieved by antibodies that are induced by the vaccination and cross react with trichomonas vaginalis. common antigens of lactobacillus acidophilus from solco trichovac vaccine and t vaginalis were therefore sought by three different seroreactions. immune serum against lacidophilus obtained by vaccinating two healthy human volunteers and two rabbits with the original solco tricho ...	1986	3522408
adherence of trichomonas vaginalis to cell culture monolayers.	the in vitro adherence to wish cells of a pathogenic trichomonas vaginalis strain was studied with a method utilizing thymidine-labeled protozoa. a marked dose-related adherence was observed. glutaraldehyde fixed trichomonads were not adherent. the presence of fetal calf serum during the assay did not influence attachment. concanavalin a inhibited adherence of protozoa. complete or partial inhibition of adherence was achieved by preincubating wish cells with lactobacillus fermentum or streptococ ...	1986	3527701
vulvar disorders in the prepubertal female.	inspection of the vulva should be a routine part of well child care. detection of poor perineal hygiene permits the establishment of good hygiene practices, which may prevent development of vulvovaginitis. condylomata acuminata, molluscum contagiosum, herpetic vulvitis, and vulvovaginitis secondary to neisseria gonorrhoeae, gardnerella vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, and trichomonas vaginalis arouse suspicion of child sexual abuse, which must be addressed. atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, lichen ...	1986	3529014
aetiology of urinary symptoms in sexually active women.	two hundred and fifty six unselected women, 50 of whom had urinary symptoms (frequency of urination or dysuria, or both), and who were attending a department of genitourinary medicine, were investigated. the urinary symptoms were associated both with pyuria and the isolation of undoubted pathogens from midstream urine (msu) specimens. no associations were found between urinary symptoms and the isolation of neisseria gonorrhoeae or chlamydia trachomatis from the urethra or cervix; the recovery of ...	1986	3533756
[treatment with ofloxacin (ru 43280) of uncomplicated bacterial urethritis in males].	ofloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone with in vitro activity against the three main urethritis-causing pathogens: i.e. neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis and ureaplasma urealyticum. 18 adult males with acute uncomplicated urethritis took 200 mg ofloxacin by mouth twice daily for 7 (non-chlamydial urethritis) or 14 (chlamydial urethritis) days. 12 patients had n. gonorrhoeae; 2 had h. parainfluenzae, 1 had e. coli and 5 had c. trachomatis. urethral cultures were obtained before treatment a ...	1986	3534731
an 88,000-mr giardia lamblia surface protein which is immunogenic in humans.	human anti-giardia lamblia sera specifically immunoprecipitated an 88,000-mr surface protein from radioiodinated trophozoites, establishing this protein as a potentially important immunogen in humans. a mouse monoclonal antibody (gl-1) was isolated which immunoprecipitated the same 88,000-mr surface protein recognized by the human sera. gl-1 gave uniform fluorescent staining of the cell surface and flagella of g. lamblia trophozoites from the portland 1 and wb strains as well as fresh clinical i ...	1986	3536744
detection of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal specimens by direct immunofluorescence assay.	vaginal discharge specimens from 105 women were examined by wet mount, culture, and a new direct immunofluorescence assay to detect trichomonas vaginalis. the organism was detected by culture in 31 patients, by direct immunofluorescence in 26 patients, and by wet mount in 21 patients.	1986	3537000
[detection of candidiasis in non-gonococcal urethritis resistant to therapy].	in this study, candida sp. and all other microorganisms were attempted to be isolated in 30 patients with non-gonococcal ürethritis who hadn't responded to classical antimicrobial therapy. candida sp. in 6, various bacteries in 11, salmonella in one and trichomonas vaginalis in one of them were detected. not any microorganisms were isolated in 13, 4 of these candida species which were detected by sabouraud culture, were also evaluated by direct microspoic examination.	1986	3561282
bacterial flora of the cervix in women using different methods of contraception.	bacteriologic culture samples were taken from the cervix in three groups of 10 healthy, sexually active women using barrier contraception, oral contraceptives, or a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device. culture samples for candida albicans and trichomonas vaginalis were taken, a cytologic vaginal smear was obtained, and an amine sniff test was performed; these were in addition to a routine gynecologic examination. multiple bacteria were isolated from the cervix in women usi ...	1986	3953700
inhibition of trichomonas vaginalis replication by the microtubule stabilizer taxol.	taxol, a plant alkaloid stabilizer of microtubules, inhibits in vitro the replication of the human pathogenic flagellate trichomonas vaginalis in a dose-dependent fashion. micromolar concentrations of the drug induce massive assembly of microtubules, resistant to antimicrotubule agents, and block the mitosis of the protozoa at an early stage preceding the formation of the spindle fibers and the depolymerization of the axostylar microtubules. some hypotheses involving the inactivation of the micr ...	1986	2874220
aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase from trichomonas vaginalis: comparison with pig heart cytoplasmic enzyme.	the aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase from the protozoon trichomonas vaginalis exists as a mixture of sub-forms of identical mr and amino acid composition, and of similar catalytic properties. the amino acid composition closely resembles that of aspartate aminotransferase from prokaryotic and vertebrate sources. some molecular and catalytic properties of the t. vaginalis aspartate aminotransferase are compared with those of the cytoplasmic pig heart enzyme. a major difference is in the a ...	1986	2876843
modulation of amino acid and 2-oxo acid pools in trichomonas vaginalis by aspartate aminotransferase inhibitors.	the amino acid pool sizes of trichomonas vaginalis are reported. alanine, glutamic acid, proline and leucine account for 72% of the measured amino acids. growth of t. vaginalis was unaffected by gostatin, an irreversible inhibitor of aspartate aminotransferase, when the enzyme activity within the cell had been completely inhibited and a specific elevation of the aspartate pool had occurred. in media lacking aspartate and glutamate, the amino acid substrates of the aspartate aminotransferase reac ...	1986	2877395
the possible role of trichomonas vaginalis as a "vector" for the spread of other pathogens.		1986	2878896
[pathogen-host relations in sexually transmitted diseases].	the host-parasite relationship between the major causative agents of sexually transmitted diseases, e.g. neisseria gonorrhoeae, treponema pallidum and trichomonas vaginalis, and their target cells in the urogenital tract can generally be studied in suitable cell and organ cultures. experience with n. gonorrhoeae predominantly gained from fallopian-tube organ cultures shows that there are several prerequisites for adherence as the first step of pathogenesis. they range from the type of bacterial ...	1986	2878907
trichomonas vaginalis in the prostate gland.	although the prostate gland is believed to serve as a parasite reservoir in trichomoniasis in men, and clinical association of trichomonads with prostatitis is common, there has been, to our knowledge, no unequivocal demonstration of trichomonas vaginalis within the prostate gland. using established immunoperoxidase procedures, we have positively identified trichomonads in the prostatic urethra, glandular lumina, submucosa, and stroma. foci of nonspecific acute and chronic inflammation, as well ...	1986	2421689
further studies on the surface charge of various strains of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus.	the surface charge of three strains of trichomonas vaginalis and five strains of tritrichomonas foetus was determined by direct measurement of the mean cellular electrophoretic mobility (epm) of cells suspended in solutions of different ionic strength and ph. no differences were observed in the mean epm among the two species, although significant differences among the strains exist. strains that are more pathogenic to mouse, as measured using the subcutaneous assay, had a surface more negative. ...	1986	2425974
phenotypic variation and diversity among trichomonas vaginalis isolates and correlation of phenotype with trichomonal virulence determinants.	the extent and nature of heterogeneity among representative trichomonas vaginalis isolates were evaluated by flow cytofluorometry analysis. monoclonal antibody and monospecific antiserum to an immunodominant trichomonad surface glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 267,000 (267k glycoprotein) were used to evaluate fresh isolates (jhh and ru375) and long-term grown isolates (nyh286, ir78, and jh31a) of t. vaginalis. isolates nyh286, jh31a, and jhh were made up of heterogeneous staining (positiv ...	1986	2426199
detection of microtubules of the flagellate trichomonas vaginalis by monoclonal antibodies specific for beta-tubulin.	monoclonal antibodies specific for mammalian beta-tubulin recognized the microtubule cytoskeleton of the flagellated protozoon trichomonas vaginalis. of seven antibodies, two demonstrated the axostyle, costa, recurrent flagellum, and anterior flagella by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. the remaining five stained a hazy reticular pattern in the cytoplasm of formaldehydefixed, detergent-extracted organisms. western immunoblots of whole t. vaginalis extracts treated with protease inhibitors ...	1986	2432269
the association of sexually transmitted diseases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a case-control study.	thirty-three women with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (grades i to iii, with one case of microinvasive carcinoma) and 54 women without evidence of the disease were prospectively studied to determine the relationship of genital infection to cervical neoplasia. demographic and sexual data for patients and control subjects were collected, with standardized clinical and colposcopic evaluation by means of predefined diagnostic categories. cultures from the cervix were ex ...	1985	2982264
a linear double-stranded rna in trichomonas vaginalis.	a "double-stranded" rna was identified in the anaerobic, parasitic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. electron microscopic evidence indicated linear double-stranded structure 1.5 micron in length, with no apparent hairpins or loops. boiling in 30% dimethyl sulfoxide denatured it into single strands of 1.5 micron and shorter fragments. it consists of 23.4% g, 23.4% c, 23.0% a, and 30.3% u and melts at a transition temperature of 81.7 degrees c in 75 mm nacl and 7.5 mm sodium citrate, ph 7.0, with 7 ...	1985	2982874
metronidazole radical anion generation in vivo in trichomonas vaginalis: oxygen quenching is enhanced in a drug-resistant strain.	the nitro radical-anion of metronidazole has been detected in vivo in the sexually transmitted human parasite, trichomonas vaginalis, under anaerobic conditions by electron spin resonance spectrometry. exposure of organisms to oxygen decreased the intensity of the radical signal in both metronidazole-sensitive atcc strain 30001 and in the metronidazole-resistant strain 85. the sensitive strain still gave radical signals at partial pressures of oxygen (greater than 6 kpa) sufficient to remove all ...	1985	2985740
isolation and differentiation of herpes simplex virus and trichomonas vaginalis in cell culture.	during the period january 1982 to january 1985, 2,234 specimens were cultured for isolation of herpes simplex virus (hsv). hsv was isolated from 23% of these, trichomonas vaginalis was isolated from 1.6%, and 75.3% were negative. in 0.2% of these, hsv and t. vaginalis were isolated from the same specimen. cytopathic effects produced by hsv were identified by their sensitivity to arabinosylthymine, whereas those produced by t. vaginalis were identified by their lack of sensitivity to arabinosylth ...	1985	2993349
epidemiology of cytomegaloviral infection in a heterogeneous population of pregnant women.	cervical cultures for cytomegalovirus (cmv) and samples of blood for antibody to cmv were obtained from 1,129 pregnant women: 57% of the women had antibody to cmv, and 14% of seropositive women shed virus. logistic regression analysis showed that seropositivity correlated with lower socioeconomic status, birth outside north america, multigravidity, older age, history of abnormal cervical cytology, infection with trichomonas vaginalis, a first pregnancy at less than or equal to 15 years of age, a ...	1985	2993430
monoclonal antibodies for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases.	monoclonal antibodies are already being used for the diagnosis of human sexually transmitted diseases. these antibodies can be used to detect a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, parasites, and viruses. for both culture and direct tests, monoclonal antibodies showed patterns of specificity and reproducibility that exceeded those available with conventionally prepared antisera. the direct tests for these organisms required less than an hour to perform, representing a major advancem ...	1985	2994946
the generation of metronidazole radicals in hydrogenosomes isolated from trichomonas vaginalis.	the nitro radical-anion of the anti-trichomonal drug metronidazole has been detected by electron spin resonance spectrometry under anaerobic conditions in suspensions of intact hydrogenosomes isolated from the parasitic protozoon trichomonas vaginalis. metronidazole reduction was driven by pyruvate, but progressive damage to the radical generating system was observed. quenching of signals due to metronidazole radicals by chromium oxalate suggests that the radicals generated within the organelle ...	1985	2999299
heterogeneity of trichomonas vaginalis and discrimination among trichomonal isolates and subpopulations with sera of patients and experimentally infected mice.	the antibody response in trichomoniasis patients was examined with a variety of methodologies including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, indirect immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and radioimmunoprecipitation-electrophoresis-autoradiography. based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay recognition of trichomonal isolates, sera from patients with trichomoniasis were categorized into reactive class i (ia, ib, and ic) and nonreactive class ii sera. a diminished ability to precipitate antibody-bi ...	1985	2411656
geographic variation among isolates of trichomonas vaginalis: demonstration of antigenic heterogeneity by using monoclonal antibodies and the indirect immunofluorescence technique.	although trichomonas vaginalis causes one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, little is known about the antigenic variation of the parasite or about differences between strains in epidemiology or virulence. variation among isolates of t. vaginalis was investigated by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies, each reactive with different antigens, to test 88 isolates from diverse geographic areas of north america. all isolates of t. vaginalis reacted with at least one of the nine mono ...	1985	2413147
infection with chlamydia trachomatis in female college students.	chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from genital specimens from 21 (4.9%) of 431 female college students. antibody to c. trachomatis was found in the genital secretions of 52 (11.9%) of 437 women. multiple logistic regression analysis showed race, number of sexual partners, and use of barrier methods of contraception to be predictive of infection with c. trachomatis. logistic regression analysis found race, number of sexual partners, use of barrier methods of contraception, and presence of cervic ...	1985	3964985
cytologic manifestations of cervical and vaginal infections. i. epithelial and inflammatory cellular changes.	we used multiple logistic regression to analyze microbiological and clinical correlates of inflammatory and epithelial cell changes on papanicolaou-stained cervical smears in patients from a sexually transmitted disease clinic. among randomly selected patients, increased numbers of histiocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the presence of transformed lymphocytes were associated with chlamydia trachomatis infection, while increased lymphocytes were associated with trichomonas vaginalis inf ...	1985	3968836
urogenital involvements and rheumatic disorders in females. an interview study.	to study dependence between urogenital involvements and musculoskeletal complaints in females, 311 randomly selected women aged 15 to 54 were interviewed. in the analysis of these dependences musculoskeletal complaints were considered as a whole per person. a history of salpingitis, gonorrhoea, urinary tract infection (uti) and trichomonas vaginalis was revealed as constituting a relative risk factor of 4.4, 3.9, 3.1 and 4.5 respectively in connection with inflammatory rheumatic disease or suspi ...	1985	4006385
electrophoretic analysis of soluble proteins and esterase, superoxide dismutase and acid phosphatase isoenzymes of members of the protozoan family trichomonadidae.	polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to compare the proteins and isoenzymes of esterase, superoxide dismutase, and acid phosphatase in soluble, whole-cell extracts of four strains of trichomonas vaginalis, two strains of trichomonas gallinae, and one strain each of tritrichomonas foetus, tritrichomonas augusta, tetratrichomonas gallinarum, and pentatrichomonas hominis. intraspecific, interspecific, and intergeneric differences were found in protein and isoenzyme profiles. at least four to ...	1985	4017542
[simultaneous occurrence of trichomonas vaginalis and gonorrhea in women].		1985	4024310
clinical manifestations of female trichomoniasis and comparison of direct microscopy and culture media in its diagnosis.	a group of 125 women attending a gynecologic clinic was studied to assess the value of four culture media, wet smear and papanicolaou stained smears and also to re-evaluate the clinical picture in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. there was no significant difference between the results of 4 different culture media but significant difference was obtained from fresh wet vaginal smears and culture media on the one hand and with papanicolaou stained smears on the other hand. during the survey, cultur ...	1985	4028319
epidemiologic and clinical factors of chlamydia trachomatis in black, hispanic and white female adolescents.	rates of genital infection with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and trichomonas vaginalis were determined prospectively in 396 sexually active female adolescents from three ethnically different urban teen clinics. the organisms were identified respectively in cultures of specimens from 21%, 7% and 6% of all adolescents; 28%, 16% and 20% of blacks; 23%, 4% and 2% of hispanics, and 14%, 2% and 1% of whites. c trachomatis was identified in specimens from 27% of pregnant adolescents and ...	1985	4036112
vaginal trichomoniasis at a sexually transmitted disease clinic at khartoum.	at a sexually transmitted disease clinic at khartoum 613 sudanese women presenting with vaginal discharge were investigated. specimens were examined by microscopy and culture. trichomonas vaginalis infestation was found in 123 patients (20.1%), predominantly in the age groups 16-19 years (27.1%) and 46-65 years (27%). frequency of trichomonal vaginitis was highest (35.9%) among divorced women. of the pregnant women investigated, 16.3% were found to harbour the parasite. there was no significant ...	1985	4049503