Publications

investigations of the taxonomy and systematics of fusobacterium nucleatum using allozyme electrophoresis.	fusobacterium nucleatum forms part of the resident microbiota in both oral and extraoral sites in humans and animals. it is also involved in infections in such sites. despite the genetic heterogeneity within the species, it has been divided into five subspecies, the validities of which have been questioned. in the present study, 44 f. nucleatum isolates were examined at 21 enzyme loci by using the allozyme electrophoretic technique to establish an accurate genetic framework for taxonomic purpose ...	1997	8995811
microbiology of chronic maxillary sinusitis: comparison between specimens obtained by sinus endoscopy and by surgical drainage.	the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of sinus aspirates obtained during surgery was compared with culture of samples obtained by endoscopy. six patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis were evaluated. polymicrobial flora was found in all specimens (two-to-five isolates/sample). a total of 24 isolates (18 anaerobic, five aerobic and one micro-aerophilic) was obtained from sinus aspirates, and 25 isolates (16 anaerobic and nine aerobic) were found in endoscopic specimens. the predominant organi ...	1997	9152041
possible lethal enhancement of toxins from putative periodontopathogens by nicotine: implications for periodontal disease.	to test the hypothesis that lethal synergy in the chick embryo model may occur between nicotine and bacterial products (cell-free extracellular toxins and cell lysates) of five putative periodontopathogens.	1997	9155677
characterization of bacteroides forsythus isolates.	fifteen bacteroides forsythus strains freshly isolated from patients with periodontitis were used together with three collection strains and one type strain for characterization of growth on various media; determination of enzymatic profiles, antibiotic susceptibility profiles, 16s rrna ribotypes, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) outer membrane protein profiles, and pathogenicity; and gas chromatography analysis by using a wound chamber model in rabbits. all s ...	1997	9163447
the use of a 16s rdna directed pcr for the detection of endodontopathogenic bacteria.	the study evaluates a 16s rdna directed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect and differentiate bacteria in necrotic root canal samples. the examination focused on species that are fastidious concerning culture or are difficult to differentiate after culturing by biochemical methods. in the described pcr assay, a universal 16s rdna directed forward primer in combination with a highly specific reversed one was used to amplify taxon specific gene fragments of 230 to 950 bp length. a similar pc ...	1997	9587296
fungi in therapy-resistant apical periodontitis.	the occurrence of yeasts in 967 microbiological endodontic samples taken from root canals in persistent endodontic infections was studied. the sampling was done by general practitioners in various parts of finland from root canal infections which did not respond favourably to standard conservative therapy. the samples were cultivated aerobically on a non-selective enriched horse blood agar medium, on tsbv agar medium in 5% co2 and anaerobically on horse blood agar medium. micro-organisms were fo ...	1997	10332243
[spinal epidural abscess due to fusobacterium nucleatum].	we report a case of spinal epidural abscess. in our knowledge this is the first ever reported case due to fusobacterium nucleatum. an 83 year old female patient with a history of lumbar trauma presented severe lumbalgia. magnetic resonance showed the unusual anterior location, complicated by psoas abscess. laminectomy and lumbar drainage were performed. she was treated with ceftriaxone plus metronidazole during 10 days. the evolution was favourable without any residual neurological morbidity.	1997	9674195
periodontal microflora of hiv infected patients with periodontitis.	the aim of this study was to determine the microbial profile of periodontal lesions in hiv seropositive patients and to compare it with rapidly progressing periodontal lesions in systemically healthy patients. the subgingival microflora of 20 cdc ii, 20 cdc iii, 20 cdc iv/v and 20 systemically healthy patients with rapidly progressing periodontitis was examined. four sites with greatest probing depth in each patient were selected for microbiological sampling. the samples were cultured aerobicall ...	1997	16887570
ribotyping of bacteria from root canal and blood of patients receiving endodontic therapy.	dna restriction patterns and corresponding ribotypes of 26 bacterial isolates (propionibacterium acnes, peptostreptococcus prevotii, fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens, actinomyces israelii, streptococcus intermedius, and streptococcus sanguis) recovered from patients with infected root canals and their peripheral blood, collected during and after endodontic therapy, were examined. eleven additional reference strains including type strains were also examined. p ...	1997	16887597
closed chest cardiac massage.		1996	2200368
medical microbiology	at present there are over two dozen genera of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli. in most clinical infections, only the genera bacteroides, prevotella, and fusobacterium need be considered. these genera are prevalent in the body as members of the normal flora (fig.20-1), constituting one-third of the total anaerobic isolates from clinical specimens, and may become involved in infections throughout the body (fig.20-2). within the bacteroides group, b fragilis is the most common pathogen, followed b ...	1996	21413336
a microbiological and clinical study of the safety and efficacy of baking-soda dentifrices.	this article reports the results of a study that examined the clinical and microbiological changes associated with regular use of baking-soda dentifrices. two dentifrice formulations were examined in a 6-month longitudinal study of 101 adult subjects with assessments for plaque, gingival inflammation, and stain at baseline and 3 and 6 months during the active phase of the study, and at 3 months after cessation of product use. one dentifrice contained 52% baking soda and 3% sodium percarbonate (a ...	1996	11524866
rheumatoid factor from periodontitis patients cross-reacts with epitopes on oral bacteria.	the objective of this study was to determine the antigenic specificity of rheumatoid factor (rf) that had previously been reported in the serum of patients with periodontitis.	1996	9171508
extraction and characterization of the smooth-type lipopolysaccharide from fusobacterium nucleatum jcm 8532 and its biological activities.	the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of fusobacterium nucleatum jcm 8532 was isolated by hot-phenol water extraction. most of the lps was extracted in the phenolic phase and shown to be the smooth-type, whereas the aqueous phase contained mainly rough-type lps. the chemical composition of the lps was similar to that reported in other studies, but d-quinovosamine, which may be a major component of o-antigenic polysaccharide, and 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kdoi) were detected for the first time b ...	1996	8999284
plaque ph and microflora of dental plaque on sound and carious root surfaces.	given the hypothesis that root caries is the result of acid formation by acidogenic micro-organisms, the present study was performed to relate sucrose-induced ph response of dental plaque on root surfaces to the microbial composition of the overlying plaque. seventeen caries-active elderly chinese with poor oral hygiene and with both sound and carious root surfaces were examined. plaque ph was measured before and up to one hour after a controlled sucrose mouthrinse. plaque samples for microbiolo ...	1996	9003238
electrophoresis of whole-cell soluble proteins of microorganisms isolated from bacteremias in endodontic therapy.	we have previously demonstrated that anaerobic bacteria are the microorganisms most frequently isolated from blood following endodontic therapy of teeth with apical periodontitis. phenotypic characterisation of the isolates suggested that the bacteria in the blood originated from the root canal. the present experiment using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) was carried out in an effort to verify these findings, and to further study the microorganisms involved i ...	1996	9021323
anaerobic microorganisms in root canals of human teeth with chronic apical periodontitis detected by indirect immunofluorescence.	aiming to assess the presence of selected anaerobic microorganisms in root canals of human teeth with chronic apical periodontitis. 25 central and lateral upper incisors presenting with radiographic evidence of chronic apical periodontitis were studied. the pulp chamber was opened under aseptic conditions and samples of the root canal content were collected with sterile absorbent paper points, which were placed and dispersed in test tubes containing reduced transport medium rtt. aliquots were dr ...	1996	9028199
effect of oral bacteria on peripheral blood leukocyte interleukin-6 and soluble interleukin-6 receptor production.	to determine the effect of pathogenic oral bacteria on interleukin 6 (il-6) and soluble il-6 receptor production, we measured their release by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. unseparated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, peripheral blood lymphocytes (monocyte depleted), pure t cells, or monocytes were cultured with actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga gingivalis, capnocytophaga ochracea, fusobacterium nucleatum or porphyromonas gingivalis for 24 h. supernatan ...	1996	9028259
immune response to fusobacterium nucleatum and prevotella intermedia in patients with infectious mononucleosis.	the role of four oral flora organisms (fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) was investigated in 22 patients with infectious mononucleosis. immunoglobulin-g class antibody titres to these organisms were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. serum levels in the patients were determined at day 1 and 42-56 days later. significantly higher antibody levels to f. nucleatum and pr. intermedia were found in the second ...	1996	8642574
taxonomy, biology, and periodontal aspects of fusobacterium nucleatum.	the pathogenic potential of fusobacterium nucleatum and its significance in the development of periodontal diseases, as well as in infections in other organs, have gained new interest for several reasons. first, this bacterium has the potential to be pathogenic because of its number and frequency in periodontal lesions, its production of tissue irritants, its synergism with other bacteria in mixed infections, and its ability to form aggregates with other suspected pathogens in periodontal diseas ...	1996	8665477
mixed infection with porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum in a murine lesion model: potential synergistic effects on virulence.	these studies determined the characteristics of tissue destruction in a murine abscess model elicited by mixed infection with the periodontopathogens fusobacterium nucleatum and porphyromonas gingivalis. the interbacterial effects of this synergism, the kinetics of the relationship of the bacterial interaction, and the characteristics of the bacteria required for the tissue destruction were studied. infection of mice with p. gingivalis and f. nucleatum strains elicited lesions of various sizes a ...	1996	8675312
scba from streptococcus crista cc5a: an atypical member of the lrai gene family.	a new member of the lrai family of putative adhesin genes was cloned, from streptococcus crista cc5a, and sequenced. the gene, scba appears to be part of an abc transport operon and encodes a putative peptide of 34.7 kda. the protein contains a signal sequence with residues 17 to 21 (l-a-a-c-s) matching the consensus sequence for the prolipoprotein cleavage site of signal peptidase ii. scba is 57 to 93% identical, at the amino acid level, with the five previous sequenced members of the lrai fami ...	1996	8675315
microbiological and serological investigations of oral lesions in papillon-lefèvre syndrome.	microbiological and serological (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) investigations were carried out, including karyotyping, on two asian children with papillon-lefèvre syndrome. in case 1, a girl aged four years, the most prevalent putative periodontopathogens were eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia (deciduous dentition) and bacteroides gracilis, e corrodens and f nucleatum (permanent dentition). in case 2, a boy aged nine years, they we ...	1996	8675741
the effect of areca nut on salivary and selected oral microorganisms.	the aim of this study was to investigate the effect on the growth of salivary and selected oral microorganisms of areca nut, aqueous extracts of the nut, its major alkaloid arecoline and the components tannic acid and catechin of its tannin fraction. the antibacterial properties of the above were tested on streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarius, candida albicans and fusobacterium nucleatum and, as a control, staphylococcus aureus. this was followed by investigating its effect on salivary ...	1996	9147124
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans on denture surfaces.	infectious diseases caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, mrsa, and candida albicans are often serious in compromised hosts. we enumerated mrsa and c. albicans on denture surfaces and in saliva samples from 29 adults. staphylococcus species, mrsa, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis, mrse, were detected on 17, 3, and 1 of the 29 denture surfaces, respectively. c. albicans were detected on 22 denture surfaces. all saliva samples from patients whose dentures carri ...	1996	9151568
inhibitory effects of funoran on the adherence and colonization of oral bacteria.	funoran, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from the seaweed gloiopeltis furcata, strongly inhibited the adsorption of mutans streptococci to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (s-ha) used as an experimental pellicle and strongly desorbed cariogenic mutans streptococci pre-adsorbed to s-ha. colonization inhibition and anticariogenic effects of funoran were also investigated in experimental rats. the colonization of streptococcus cricetus e49 inoculated on the molar teeth of experimental rats administ ...	1996	9151580
the influence of abutment surface roughness on plaque accumulation and peri-implant mucositis.	bacterial adhesion to intra-oral, hard surfaces is firmly influenced by the surface roughness to these structures. previous studies showed a remarkable higher subgingival bacterial load on rough surfaces when compared to smooth sites. more recently, the additional effect of a further smoothening of intra-oral hard surfaces on clinical and microbiological parameters was examined in a short-term experiment. the results indicated that a reduction in surface roughness below r(a) = 0.2 microns, the s ...	1996	9151584
the influence of periodontitis on the subgingival flora around implants in partially edentulous patients.	the hypothesis that teeth act as reservoirs of micro-organisms for the colonization of oral implants has recently been stated several times. the present study aimed at examining, in partially edentulous patients with severe periodontitis, whether pockets around teeth and implants harbored a comparable micro-flora. in 6 patients (3 with refractory periodontitis and 3 with advanced chronic adult periodontitis), plaque samples were taken from a deep and shallow pocket around both teeth and implants ...	1996	9151609
disinfection by calcium hydroxide pastes of dentinal tubules infected with two obligate and one facultative anaerobic bacteria.	bovine dentine cylinders were experimentally infected with actinomyces israelii, fusobacterium nucleatum, or enterococcus faecalis. the latter is a facultative anaerobic bacteria and the others are obligate anaerobes commonly found in endodontic infections. the infected specimens were exposed to pastes of calcium hydroxide mixed with saline solution or camphorated paramonochlorophenol for periods of 1 h, 1 day, and 1 week. the viability of bacteria after these exposure times was evaluated by spe ...	1996	9220753
associations of endodontic symptoms and signs with particular combinations of specific bacteria.	significant associations have been reported between (a) specific bacterial species isolated from root canals and (b) between individual bacterial species and endodontic symptoms and signs. the prime objective of this study was to determine whether particular combinations of specific bacteria are associated with individual endodontic symptoms and signs. seventy root canals were investigated microbiologically taking care to maintain the viability of obligate anaerobes, which accounted for 64% of t ...	1996	9206427
an in vitro study of the coronal leakage of two root canal sealers using an obligate anaerobe microbial marker.	the aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the coronal leakage of obligate anaerobes into root canals obturated with lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha with two root canal sealers. sixty extracted human teeth with straight, single root canals were prepared using the modified double-flared technique with balanced force under copious irrigation until the master apical file was size 40. the teeth were divided randomly into experimental groups (40 teeth) and control groups (20 teeth). ...	1996	9206441
the interference of gingival cell cultures with growth of selected bacteria.	the aim of the present study was to analyze the interference of oral tissue cells or cell lines (effector cells) with growth of reference bacteria, and furthermore to investigate whether cells derived from different individuals differ in such activity. the reference bacteria were staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus mitis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, and fusobacterium nucleatum. the effector cells used were gingival fibroblasts (gf) ...	1996	8703443
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis.	to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiologic characteristics of superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis.	1996	8546586
the use of allozyme electrophoresis to assess genetic heterogeneity among previously subspeciated isolates of fusobacterium nucleatum.	fusobacterium nucleatum has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. five subspecies have previously been proposed. the validity of these subdivisions was investigated using allozyme electrophoresis for 21 enzyme mobilities. the 18 f. nucleatum isolates tested had previously been subspeciated and included type strains as well as isolates from both oral and extraoral sites. the results showed 2 distinct genetic groups with fixed differences at 82.5% of the test loci, indicativ ...	1996	8604250
identification and analysis of fipa, a fusobacterium nucleatum immunosuppressive factor gene.	we have previously demonstrated that sonic extracts of fusobacterium nucleatum fdc 364 were capable of inhibiting human t-cell responses to mitogens and antigens. the purified f. nucleatum immunosuppressive protein (fip) is composed of two subunits of 44 and 48 kda. furthermore, fip inhibits t-cell activation by arresting cells in the middle of the g(1) phase of the cell cycle; the data available to date suggest that fip impairs the expression of the proliferating-cell nuclear antigen. to initia ...	1996	8606098
incidence of anaerobes in ventilator-associated pneumonia with use of a protected specimen brush.	the role of anaerobic bacteria in ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) has been little investigated. in this study we analyzed the incidence of anaerobes in patients with a first episode of bacteriologically documented vap (> 10(3)cfu/ml), using protected specimen brushes (psb). we particularly took care to preserve anaerobic conditions during transport and the microbiological procedure. two groups were considered: group a with anaerobic bacteria recovered from psb, with or without anaerobes, a ...	1996	8616556
host defensive functions in a family manifesting early-onset periodontitis.	family case studies help us identify host risk factors in periodontal disease. in this study we examine a family consisting of a mother (40 years old, with rapidly progressive periodontitis), her elder daughter (14 years old, with localized juvenile periodontitis), and younger daughter (13 years old, with simple gingivitis). we examined 1) the peripheral neutrophil functions (chemotactic migration, phagocytosis, superoxide production); 2) lymphocyte functions (proliferative activity and cytokine ...	1996	8708971
histological and microbiological aspects of ligature-induced periodontitis in beagle dogs.	this study was designed to investigate, using 6 beagle dogs, the levels of selected putative pathogens in healthy sites, in gingivitis sites, and in sites with histologically confirmed attachment loss. levels of attachment loss increased with increasing periods of ligation and reached a maximum of 0.15 mm at 57 days. both histological attachment level and histological pocket depth were found to vary significantly with health/disease status (p < 0.0001). higher numbers of total colony-forming uni ...	1996	8739161
response to periodontal therapy in patients with high or low levels of p. gingivalis, p. intermedia, p. nigrescens and b. forsythus.	in a previous study, subjects receiving either adjunctive tetracycline or augmentin showed, on average, more attachment level gain 10 months post-therapy than subjects receiving either ibuprofen or a placebo, although some subjects in each treatment group showed loss of attachment post-therapy. since differences in treatment response might have been due to differences in the subgingival microbiota, the response to different therapies in subjects with different pre-therapy subgingival microbiotas ...	1996	8739165
the effect of age on the development of gingivitis. clinical, microbiological and histological findings.	in the present "experimental gingivitis" study, the response of the marginal gingiva to plaque formation was studied in one group of young subjects, 20-25 years of age, and in one group of older subjects, aged 65-80 years. during a 4-week period, all subjects received a series of professional tooth cleaning to establish healthy gingival conditions. a baseline examination (day 0) included assessments of plaque and gingivitis. sites that were examined (the experimental sites) included the mesio-pa ...	1996	8739171
comparison of spiral gradient endpoint and agar dilution methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria: a multilaboratory collaborative evaluation.	a multilaboratory collaborative study was carried out to assess the utility of the spiral gradient endpoint (sge) method for the determination of the antimicrobial susceptibilities of anaerobes and to evaluate the equivalence of the mics obtained by the sge method with those obtained by the reference agar dilution method of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. the standard deviation of the mic obtained by the sge method for the five participating laboratories was +/- 0.26 of ...	1996	8748295
the effect of chlorhexidine on defined, mixed culture oral biofilms grown in a novel model system.	in order to develop an improved method to evaluate antimicrobial agents for use in clinical dentistry, a constant-depth film fermenter (cdff) has been used to generate biofilms of fixed depth comprising nine species of bacteria commonly found in dental plaque in health and disease. these bacteria were grown together initially in a conventional chemostat which was used to inoculate the cdff over an 8 h period. medium was then supplied directly to the cdff and biofilms allowed to develop. the biof ...	1996	8760321
effects of sublethal exposure to an antiseptic mouthrinse on representative plaque bacteria.	although the mechanism responsible for the clinical antiplaque efficacy of oral antiseptics is generally considered to be primarily one of bactericidal activity, it has been suggested that oral antiseptics may have additional effects on bacteria exposed to sublethal levels. studies reported herein, investigated the effects of sublethal levels of an essential oil-containing antiseptic mouthrinse (listerine antiseptic, warner-lambert co., morris plains, nj) on selected activities of representative ...	1996	8783049
rapid characterization of periodontal bacterial isolates by using fluorogenic substrate tests.	eighty-nine species of subgingival bacteria, represented by 121 reference strains and 892 patient isolates, including gram-negative, gram-positive, aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic species, were characterized with a panel of fluorogenic, 4-methylumbelliferyl-linked substrate tests. identifications of all patient isolates were confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of whole-cell proteins relative to reference strains. char ...	1996	8789019
treatment of periodontal disease based on microbiological diagnosis. relation between microbiological and clinical parameters during 5 years.	the purpose of this study was to assess the clinical effect of treatment aimed to suppress actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and porphyromonas gingivalis below detection level and prevotella intermedia below 5% of the cultivable periodontal pocket flora. sixteen patients and a total of 111 periodontal pockets with probing depth > or = 6 mm were included in the study. twelve patients and a total of 77 sites completed the 5-year study. the results demonstrated clinical improvement of probing de ...	1996	8794965
microbiology of periapical abscesses and associated maxillary sinusitis.	aspirate of pus from 5 periapical abscesses of the upper jaw and their corresponding maxillary sinusitis were studied for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. polymicrobial flora were found in all instances, where the number of isolates varied from 2 to 5. anaerobes were recovered from all specimens. the predominant isolates were prevotella sp., porphyromonas sp., fusobacterium nucleatum, and peptostreptococcus sp. concordance in the microbiological findings between periapical abscess and the maxilla ...	1996	8794972
prevalence of 6 putative periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque samples from romanian adult periodontitis patients.	the aim of the present study was to determine by standard cultivation procedures the detection frequencies of porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides forsythus, and capnocytophaga species as well as various enteric rods in subgingival plaque samples form romanian adult periodontitis patients. dna probe analysis (affirm dp microbial identification test) was also used, parallel to cultivation, to identify p. gingiv ...	1996	8849850
growth inhibition of a human oral bacterium porphyromonas gingivalis by rat cysteine proteinase inhibitor cystatin s.	agar diffusion analysis demonstrated that rat cystatin s, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, inhibited the growth of all tested strains of a human oral, gram-negative anaerobic periodontopathogen porphyromonas gingivalis. its specific inhibitory activity against this tissue-invasive bacterium but not against other tested oral bacterial species emphasized the importance of specific cysteine proteinases for growth of p. gingivalis.	1996	8862019
recurrent vertebral osteomyelitis and psoas abscess caused by streptococcus constellatus and fusobacterium nucleatum in a patient with atrial septal defect and an occult dental infection.	we describe a case in which recurrent vertebral osteomyelitis and psoas abscess due to streptococcus constellatus and fusobacterium nucleatum developed in a patient with a previously unrecognized atrial septal defect with bidirectional shunts. disease recurrence was ascribed to the presence of dental disease, which served as the source of infection. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in which vertebral osteomyelitis and psoas abscess have been associated with atrial septal defe ...	1996	8863368
effect of oxygen, inoculum composition and flow rate on development of mixed-culture oral biofilms.	the effect of aeration on the development of a defined biofilm consortium of oral bacteria was investigated in a two-stage chemostat system. an inoculum comprising 10 species, including both facultatively anaerobic and obligately anaerobic bacteria, and species associated with oral health and disease, was inoculated into an anaerobic first-stage chemostat vessel. the effluent from this chemostat was linked to an aerated [200 ml co2/air (5:95, v/v) min-1] second-stage vessel, in which removable h ...	1996	8868437
development of a steady-state oral microbial biofilm community using the constant-depth film fermenter.	the complexity of biofilm communities like dental plaque suggests that laboratory model biofilm growth systems may help to understand their structure and function. this study describes the use of a constant-depth film fermenter (cdff) to investigate biofilm formation by a nine-membered community of oral bacteria. the community was grown to steady state in a chemostat incubated anaerobically. the chemostat output was fed into the cdff incubated aerobically. viable counts for each species from the ...	1996	8868438
evaluation of the long-term efficacy and safety of locally-applied minocycline in adult periodontitis patients.	the objectives of the present study were to establish in a long-term investigation the safety as well as the clinical and microbiological efficacy of scaling and rootplaning combined with local application of 2% minocycline hydrochloride-gel versus placebo-gel in patients with moderate to severe chronic adult periodontitis. this was an 18 months, randomized, double-blind, parallel, comparative study, in which 20 healthy patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis participated. at base ...	1996	8877655
the relationship of gingival crevicular fluid short chain carboxylic acid concentration to gingival inflammation.	short-chain carboxylic acids (scca; c < or = 5; e.g., lactic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid) are metabolic by-products of bacterial metabolism which accumulate in the gingival crevice, and exhibit significant biological activity, including the ability to alter gene expression. it has been hypothesized that among the activities of sccas are their ability to contribute to gingival inflammation. this concept complements the notion that specific periodontal pathogens are the causative agents of ...	1996	8877660
acute tongue abscess: report of two cases.	tongue abscesses are extremely rare. two cases caused by periodontal pathogens are presented.	1996	8910119
strong cytotoxicity to human gingival fibroblasts by porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277.	the aim of the present study was to analyze the cytotoxicity of some bacterial species associated with periodontal diseases. the specificity of cytotoxicity was estimated against cells of various origin and from different individuals. the reference bacteria were actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum. these bacteria were cultured for 24 h in liquid media and the supernatants were used in cytotoxicity assays. the target cells used were human gin ...	1996	8915950
serum rheumatoid factor induced by intraperitoneal administration of periodontopathic bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mice.	serum rheumatoid factor (rf) level and peritoneal and splenic cd5+b (b-1) cells in mice were examined after intraperitoneal administration of purified lipopoly-saccharides (lps) from oral periodontopathic bacteria; porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum and capnocytophaga ochracea. f. nucleatum and c. ochracea lps induced higher levels of serum igm- and igg-rf, while p. gingivalis lps showed the least induction. in addition, wet weights of spleen ...	1996	8915954
microbiology of the transition from acute to chronic maxillary sinusitis.	repeated aspirations of sinus secretions by endoscopy was performed in five patients over a period of 34-50 days and, ultimately, surgical drainage was done in three who presented with acute maxillary sinusitis that did not respond to antimicrobial therapy and became chronic. the aspirates were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. most of the bacteria isolated from the first culture were aerobic or facultative bacteria: streptococcus pneumoniae (three isolates), haemophilus influenzae no ...	1996	8918954
selling biotechnology in the dental medicine marketplace: the omnigene diagnostics dna probe tests for periodontal pathogens.	omnigene diagnostics, inc. has applied the principles of genetic engineering to develop species-specific dna probe tests for eight periodontal pathogens (porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, eikenella corrodens, campylobacter rectus, bacteroides forsythus, and treponema denticola). the test requires minimal effort on the part of the clinician: subgingival plaque samples are collected from the patient and sent through the ...	1996	8931245
a scanning electron microscopic evaluation of in vitro dentinal tubules penetration by selected anaerobic bacteria.	in vitro root canal dentinal tubule invasion by selected anaerobic bacteria commonly isolated from endodontic infections was evaluated. dentinal cylinders obtained from bovine incisors were inoculated with bacteria, and microbial penetration into tubules was demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. the results indicated that all bacterial strains tested were able to penetrate into dentinal tubules, but to different extents.	1996	8934991
degradation of host protease inhibitors and activation of plasminogen by proteolytic enzymes from porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola.	bacterial proteases may participate in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases through their action on host proteins. in the present study, the ability of selected periodontopathogens, as well as two proteases isolated from porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola, to degrade host protease inhibitors was evaluated. the activation of human plasminogen by the two bacterial proteases was also investigated. proteolytic breakdown of host protease inhibitors (alpha-1-antitrypsin, antichymotry ...	1996	8936322
cloning of the foma gene, encoding the major outer membrane porin of fusobacterium nucleatum atcc10953.	the major outer membrane protein, foma, of the gram-negative human oral pathogen fusobacterium nucleatum functions as a porin and is assumed to act as a receptor protein in coaggregation with other oral pathogenic bacteria such as streptococcus sanguis and porphyromonas gingivalis. we describe here the cloning of foma from f. nucleatum in e. coli. using pgem3zf(+), three recombinant plasmids were carrying parts of the foma gene, but none of these contained regions upstream of the coding sequence ...	1996	8938641
proteolytic artifacts in sds-page analysis of selected periodontal pathogens.	the aim of the study was to examine whether proteolytic artifacts, which result in a loss and poor resolution of protein bands, occur during sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of cellular proteins from selected proteolytic (porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella nigrescens and treponema denticola) and non-proteolytic (fusobacterium nucleatum) bacteria. conditions to limit or prevent proteolysis were also investigated. bacterial cells were incubated in solubili ...	1996	8941761
induction of systemic murine b-cell responses by fusobacterium nucleatum and porphyromonas gingivalis.	the purpose of this study was to examine the antigenic abilities of fusobacterium nucleatum strain atcc 25586 and porphyromonas gingivalis strain w50 black inbred balb/cabom mice immunized subcutaneously. furthermore, we aimed to analyze whether the outer membranes (om) and whole cells (wc) of f. nucleatum or p. gingivalis had an effect on the levels of antibody response and whether a combination of both could either enhance or suppress the b-cell response. a single-cell assay, solid-phase enzym ...	1996	8941767
the establishment of a community of oral bacteria that controls the growth of candida albicans in a chemostat.	the purpose of this study was to establish and identify a community of oral bacteria that controls the growth of candida albicans in the chemostat. the chemostat was operated under glucose-limiting conditions at a dilution rate of 0.05 h-1 and inoculated with a yeast-free suspension of a tongue scraping. after a steady state had been reached, it was inoculated with c. albicans to establish the yeast and determine whether its growth could be contained. the steady-state community comprised the spe ...	1996	8941776
risk indicators for periodontal disease in a racially diverse urban population.	a cross-sectional study of 117 subjects from a dental clinic serving a diverse population (i.e., whites, african-americans, native-americans, and asians) was performed to evaluate risk indicators of periodontal disease. gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) and subgingival plaque were taken at the same visit from 4 posterior sites of the most diseased sextant in each subject. age, smoking packyears, beta-glucuronidase (beta g), neutrophil elastase (ne), myeloperoxidase (mpo), fusobacterium nucleatum ( ...	1996	8951624
the adherence of periodontopathogens to periodontal probes. a possible factor in intra-oral transmission?	periodontal probes have previously been shown to harbor several bacterial types or species after probing periodontally diseased pockets. this study aims to identify and quantify periodontopathogens that may adhere to a periodontal probe by culturing techniques. it also examines the probe's roughness on its capability to collect bacteria, comparing merrit-b probes (with deep indentations) with tps probes (with smooth surfaces). from the differential phase contrast microscopy findings it was seen ...	1996	8959565
degradation of lactoferrin by periodontitis-associated bacteria.	the degradation of human lactoferrin by putative periodontopathogenic bacteria was examined. fragments of lactoferrin were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and measured by densitometry. the degradation of lactoferrin was more extensive by porphyromonas gingivalis and capnocytophaga sputigena, slow by capnocytophaga ochracea, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and prevotella intermedia, and very slow or absent by prevotella nigrescens, campylobacter rectus ...	1996	8961558
immune response to anaerobic bacteria in patients with peritonsillar cellulitis and abscess.	the role of four oral organisms (fusobacterium nucleatum. prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) was investigated in 19 children with peritonsillar abscess, and 17 with peritonsillar cellulitis. antibody titers to these organisms were measured by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay in the patient, as well as in 32 control patients. serum levels in the patients were determined at day 1 and 42-56 days later. significantly higher antibody levels to ...	1996	8973727
study on the photochemical reaction of hcn and its polymer products relating to primary chemical evolution.	the photochemical reaction of hcn at 184.9 nm is studied in the gas phase. (cn)2, h2, ch4, nh3, n2h4, c2h6, and ch3nh2 are identified as gas phase products, and a reaction mechanism is proposed. hcn polymers are also obtained as solid reaction products, and their structure is investigated by infrared spectorscopy, uv-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and amino acid analysis. the process and nature of the formation of the polymers are discussed.	1996	174044
a phase iii study in lung carcinoma comparing hexamethyl-melamine (nsc 13875) to dibromodulcitol (nsc 104800) 1,2.	a phase iii study was designed comparing the effectiveness of hexamethyl-melamine (nsc 13875) to dibromodulcitol (nsc 104800) in lung carcinoma. 250 of the 316 patients entered on the study were stratified into groups according to stage of disease and cell type. the results showsed hexamethylmelamine to be more effective in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and slightly superior to dibromodulcitol in patients with anaplastic/undifferentiated cell carcinoma, whereas dibromodulcitol proved to ...	1996	174041
device for the removal of oxygen from gas streams.		1996	173923
recent concepts in the treatment of menopausal symptoms.		1996	172882
pre-operative irradiation of t3-carcinoma in bilharzial bladder: a comparison between hyperfractionation and conventional fractionation.		1996	500410
systematic approach to diagnosis and coding of pediatric cardiac disease.	a new system for coding congenital heart defects and related problems was developed to facilitate the computerized storage and retrieval of detailed diagnostic information. the system is based on the segmental approach to diagnosis with comprehensive tables indicating all possible mutually exclusive intersegmental alignments and connections. diagnostic entities rather than nomenclature are the subjects of the codes. this system represents the best effort to date to develop an all-inclusive, prec ...	1995	3534806
stable-isotope studies of glutamate catabolism in fusobacterium nucleatum.	catabolism of glutamate was investigated in fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic micro-organism that is strongly implicated in periodontal disease. the distribution of labels in acetate and butyrate derived from [13c]glutamates was determined by nmr spectroscopy and ms. the label from l-[5-13c]glutamate was not incorporated, whereas c-1 of acetate and butyrate were efficiently labelled by l-[1-13c]glutamate; these results indicated that the hydroxyglutarate pathway predominated. in butyrate, en ...	1995	8573293
endodontic pathogens in periodontal disease augmentation.	periapical pathology indicating endodontic infection, when present in periodontitis-affected teeth, has recently been shown to be correlated to marginal periodontal breakdown. this has been associated with patency of dentinal tubules in the tooth cervix, an area normally devoid of cementum following periodontal therapy. these studies are, however hampered by that only circumstantial evidence such as presence of periapical destruction have been applied as criteria of endodontic infection. the aim ...	1995	8583015
oral microbiota in subjects with a weak or strong response in experimental gingivitis.	the purpose of the present study was to examine the composition of the oral microbiota in subjects who had previously demonstrated to develop either a weak or strong response to experimental gingivitis. for this study, subjects were selected from a pool of 25 individuals who had participated twice in an experimental gingivitis trial. out of these 25 panellists, 6 subjects were selected who had developed 2x a weak gingival inflammatory response and 7 subjects who had developed 2x a strong gingiva ...	1995	8583022
[subgingival distribution of periodontopathic bacteria in periodontic patients and susceptibility of these bacteria to minocycline-hcl].	the present study was carried out to examine the distribution of six periodontopathic bacteria in deep periodontal pockets and to reconfirm the effect of periocline on these periodontopathic bacteria. samples from sixty-two periodontal pockets were collected at pocket depths of over 4 mm in twenty-one periodontitis patients aged 43 to 75 years. after sampling, periocline was applied topically to the selected pockets once a week for four weeks and reexamined. the detected rates of the periodontop ...	1995	8583161
molecular characterization of a 40-kda outer membrane protein, foma, of fusobacterium periodonticum and comparison with fusobacterium nucleatum.	the 40 kda-outer membrane protein foma of fusobacterium periodonticum atcc 33693 was found to exhibit heat modifiable properties, typical for a porin, and n-terminal sequencing indicated a close relationship to the porin foma of fusobacterium nucleatum. a polymerase chain reaction approach was therefore applied for sequencing the foma gene of f. periodonticum, and nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were aligned and compared with the corresponding sequences of different strains of f. nuc ...	1995	8596666
effect of sonicated material from fusobacterium nucleatum on the functional capacity of accessory cells derived from dental pulp.	fusobacterium nucleatum-derived components were studied for their effect on the ability of accessory pulpal cells to induce t-lymphocyte proliferation. in initial experiments, spleen cells were used to establish concentration ranges at which testing of the effect of the bacterial components would be suitable. at low concentrations, bacterial substances induced a stimulatory effect on the proliferation rate of spleen cells, but not when purified t-lymphocytes were incubated in the presence of con ...	1995	8602332
insertional inactivation of binding determinants of streptococcus crista cc5a using tn916.	intermicrobial binding plays an important role in the ecology of the oral cavity because it represents one mechanism by which specific bacteria colonize dental plaque. the formation of "corncobs", a morphologically distinct microbial unit composed of streptococcus crista and fusobacterium nucleatum, is a highly specific binding interaction that depends on the presence of polar tufts of fimbriae on the streptococci. we have used a genetic approach to examine the role of streptococcal cell surface ...	1995	8602334
cell envelope and cell wall immunization of macaca fascicularis: effect on the progression of ligature-induced periodontitis.	the nonhuman primate, macaca fascicularis, was used to study the role of immunization with selected members of the periodontopathic microbiota in the longitudinal progression of ligature-induced periodontitis. animals were immunized with cell envelope antigens prepared from porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia, and a mixture prepared from fusobacterium nucleatum, campylobacter rectus, and actinomyces viscosus. serum immunoglobulin g (igg), igm and iga isotype antibodies increased s ...	1995	8602339
viability of four putative periodontal pathogens and enteric rods in the anaerobic transport medium vmga iii.	the aim of this study was to determine the survival in vmga iii of porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and enteric rods in laboratory cultures as well as in subgingival plaque samples. laboratory strains of the 4 putative periodontal pathogens and escherichia coli were used in the laboratory part of this study. also, 31 subgingival plaque samples were obtained from 22 periodontal patients and stored in vmga iii. each samp ...	1995	8602345
antimicrobial susceptibility of periodontopathic bacteria associated with failing implants.	the aim of this study was to examine the subgingival microflora associated with failing implants, and to determine their susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics in periodontal therapy and dental practice. thirteen partially edentulous patients with 19 failing implants were selected. clinical examination included probing depth, attachment level, gingival index, plaque index, and radiographic analyses. two subgingival plaque samples were taken from each failing implant and analyzed for microbi ...	1995	7891253
comparison of host tissue and bacterial dipeptidyl peptidases in human gingival crevicular fluid by analytical isoelectric focusing.	earlier work has shown that gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) contains dipeptidyl peptidase (dpp) activities that resemble those in host tissue. here, further comparisons were made with enzymes from suspected periodontal pathogens. gingival tissue and gcf were collected from patients with chronic periodontitis. dpp ii and dpp iv fractions with acid and alkaline ph optima, respectively, were separated from crude tissue extracts by gel-filtration chromatography. bacterial cell sonicates were prepare ...	1995	7487574
comparative virulence of periodontopathogens in a mouse abscess model.	this report compares the virulence of selected strains of p. gingivalis, a. actinomycetemcomitans, c. rectus, f. nucleatum and t. denticola in a murine model as a measure of pathogenic potential of these oral microorganisms. the characteristics of the tissue destruction associated with these monoinfections were then related to a potential model for bacterial synergism in progressing periodontitis.	1995	8705817
inhibition of neutrophil and monocyte defensive functions by nicotine.	to learn more about the effects of smokeless tobacco on the defensive functions of neutrophils, we studied the influence of nicotine on these cells in vitro, looking at their bactericidal activity against oral pathogens, and at their ability to produce microbicidal reactive oxygen species (oxygen radicals). exposure of human blood neutrophils to nicotine (0.01% to 0.1%) inhibited their ability to kill actinomyces naeslundii, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and fusobacterium nucleatum. alth ...	1995	8683417
1h mrs of human brain abscesses in vivo and in vitro.	five patients, each with a brain abscess, were examined by means of 1h mr spectroscopic imaging in vivo. the aspirated pus was analyzed in vitro by means of 1d and 2d cosy 1h mrs. in addition to resonance lines from compounds (lactate, alanine and lipids) often found in the spectra from intracranial tumors, resonance lines were detected from a number of markers of infectious involvement (acetate, succinate, and various amino acids). these results suggest that 1h mrs in vivo might contribute in e ...	1995	8524016
competition for peptides and amino acids among periodontal bacteria.	we recently studied the utilization of glutathione (l-gamma-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine), l-cysteinylglycine and l-cysteine by anaerobic bacteria. the rate of hydrogen sulfide formation from these compounds was determined and it was concluded that peptostreptococcus micros and fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum had an active transport of small peptides. in the present study it is shown that methyl mercaptan formation from l-methionine and l-methionyl-containing peptides can also be used to ...	1995	8544102
endodontic pathogens: propagation of infection through patent dentinal tubules in traumatized monkey teeth.	periapical pathology indicating endodontic infection, when present in marginal periodontitis-affected teeth, has recently been shown to be an aggravating factor in progression of marginal destruction. this has been associated with patency of dentinal tubules in the tooth cervix, an area normally devoid of cementum following periodontal therapy. these studies are, however hampered by that only circumstantial evidence such as presence of periapical destruction have been applied as criteria of endo ...	1995	8625937
in-vitro antibacterial effects of extracts of nigerian tooth-cleaning sticks on periodontopathic bacteria.	aqueous extracts from 8 plants used for tooth-cleaning in nigeria were tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of five periodontopathic bacteria, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, eikenella corrodens and campylobacter rectus. extracts of all the plants except that of massularia acuminata exhibited varying growth inhibitory potentials on the microorganisms. extract of terminalia glaucescens showed the widest spectrum of activity, inhibiting the growt ...	1995	9590895
peptide mapping and amino acid sequence analysis of the 40 kda outer membrane protein of fusobacterium nucleatum.		1995	7502770
cellular adhesion molecules on periodontal lymphocytes.	t cell induced differentiation of b cells has been shown to be dependent on the cd2/lfa-3 and lfa-1/icam-1 pathways. flow cytometric analysis was used to examine these adhesion molecules on t and b cells extracted from gingival tissues before and after stimulation with the putative periodontopathic bacteria, porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum. adhesion molecule expression on peripheral blood cells from healthy adults was used as a control. approximately 50 per cent of b cells e ...	1995	7540389
immune response to fusobacterium nucleatum and prevotella intermedia in patients with peritonsillar cellulitis and abscess.		1995	7548558
a retrospective review of cases of anaerobic empyema and update of bacteriology.	we conducted a retrospective study to update the bacteriology of 46 cases of anaerobic empyema that were originally studied between 1976 and 1993 at the wadsworth anaerobic bacteriology clinical research laboratory (los angeles). anaerobic bacteriologic studies were completed for all 46 pleural fluid specimens, and aerobic bacteriologic studies were completed for 41 of these specimens. thirty-seven clinical charts were available for review. a total of 161 anaerobic isolates (3.5 per patient) rep ...	1995	7548560
bacteriology of skin and soft-tissue infections: comparison of infections in intravenous drug users and individuals with no history of intravenous drug use.	the bacteriology of cutaneous or subcutaneous abscesses (86 specimens) among intravenous drug users (ivdus) was compared with the bacteriology of abscesses (74 specimens) in patients with no history of intravenous drug use (non-ivdus). the ivdu abscesses yielded 173 aerobes and 131 anaerobes. staphylococcus aureus was the most common aerobe isolated (50% of specimens yielded this isolate), followed by "streptococcus milleri" (46%). the commonly encountered anaerobes were fusobacterium nucleatum ...	1995	7548575
microbiological study of juvenile periodontitis in chile.		1995	7548581
induction of beta-lactamase production in the anaerobic microflora by cefoxitin.		1995	7548595
oligonucleotide probes to the 16s ribosomal rna: implications of sequence homology and secondary structure with particular reference to the oral species prevotella intermedia and prevotella nigrescens.	eight oligonucleotides based upon regions of the small subunit 16s ribosomal rna gene sequences were analysed against a background of their position within the molecule and their two-dimensional structure to rationalise their use in recognising prevotella intermedia and prevotella nigrescens. the 41 clinical isolates from both oral and respiratory sites and two reference strains were subjected to dna-dna hybridisation and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis to confirm their identity. alignment of ...	1995	7553378
some suspected periodontopathogens and serum antibody response in adult long-duration insulin-dependent diabetics.	the subgingival microflora and serum antibody response were examined in long-duration insulin-dependent diabetics and age- and sex-matched non-diabetics. the material consisted of 9 diabetics aged 40-49 years and 19 aged 50-59 years, 13 non-diabetics aged 40-49 years and 21 aged 50-59 years. the bacterial species studied (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, capnocytophaga spp, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia) w ...	1995	7560223