Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| carps are ubiquitin ligases that promote mdm2-independent p53 and phospho-p53ser20 degradation. | caspase 8/10-associated ring proteins (carps) are a recently described family of protein ubiquitin ligases that interact with and negatively regulate death receptor-mediated apoptosis. because carps are overexpressed in cancer and their silencing reduces cell viability and sensitizes tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents, we investigated their relationship to p53 tumor suppressor signaling. p53 is a major determinant of chemosensitivity, and its levels are increased following dna damage through ... | 2007 | 17121812 |
| toxicity of microcystins in the isolated hepatocytes of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | the toxicity of hepatotoxic microcystins produced mainly by microcystis aeruginosa in mammals and fishes was well studied in recent years. however, there were scarcely reports in toxic effects of microcystins on isolated hepatocytes of fishes, especially investigation of microcystin-induced apoptosis and/or necrosis in carp hepatocytes. in the present study, the isolated hepatocytes of common carp were exposed to various concentrations of microcystins (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000 microg l(-1)) f ... | 2007 | 17137627 |
| dietary microbial levan enhances cellular non-specific immunity and survival of common carp (cyprinus carpio) juveniles. | a preliminary study with a 75days feeding trial was conducted to study the immunomodulatory effect of microbial levan on cyprinus carpio juveniles. five purified isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets with graded levels of levan, namely (t(1)) 0.1% levan, (t(2)) 0.2% levan, (t(3)) 0.5% levan, (t(4)) 1.0% levan, and a control group without levan were fed to five groups of fishes in triplicate. the total erythrocyte count and haemoglobin content was significantly (p<0.05) enhanced in the t(3) group, ... | 2007 | 17158064 |
| przewalski's naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii): an endangered species taking a metabolic holiday in lake qinghai, china. | the naked carp is an endangered cyprinid that migrates annually between freshwater rivers, where it spawns, and lake qinghai, where it feeds and grows. lake qinghai is a high-altitude lake (3,200 m) in western china that currently exhibits the following composition (in mmol l(-1): [na(+)] 200, [cl(-)] 173, [mg(2+)] 36, [ca(2+)] 0.23, [k(+)] 5.3, total co(2) 21, titration alkalinity 29; osmolality 375 mosm kg(-1); ph 9.3), but concentrations are increasing because of water diversion and climate c ... | 2007 | 17160880 |
| altered expression of fhl1, carp, tsc-22 and p311 provide insights into complex transcriptional regulation in pacing-induced atrial fibrillation. | atrial fibrillation (af) is the most common progressive disease in patients with cardiac arrhythmia. af is accompanied by complex atrial remodeling and changes in gene expression, but only a limited number of transcriptional regulators have been identified. using a low-density cdna array, we identified 31 genes involved in transcriptional regulation, signal transduction or structural components, which were either significantly upregulated or downregulated in porcine atria with fibrillation (indu ... | 2007 | 17174532 |
| alterations in the levels of ions in blood and liver of freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio var. communis exposed to dimethoate. | the fingerlings of cyprinus carpio var. communis were exposed to sublethal concentration of dimethoate for 7, 14 days to evaluate the impact of the pesticide dimethoate on different ions namely sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium. the blood potassium, calcium, magnesium and liver chloride and magnesium levels were elevated under sublethal condition. the blood sodium, chloride and liver sodium, potassium, and calcium levels were found to be significantly decreased. | 2007 | 17180417 |
| contaminants-induced oxidative damage on the carp cyprinus carpio collected from the upper yellow river, china. | the yellow river, the second largest river in china, is the most important resource of water supply in north china. in the last 40 years, even in the upper yellow river, with the development of industry and agriculture, more and more contaminants have been discharged into this river and greatly polluted the water. although a routine chemical component analysis has been performed, little is known about the real toxic effects of the polluted water on organisms at environmental level. to explore wh ... | 2007 | 17180433 |
| acute effects of an anatoxin-a producing cyanobacterium on juvenile fish-cyprinus carpio l. | the worldwide increase of eutrophication in fresh water bodies has caused cyanobacterial blooms to be more frequent. anatoxin-a is a potent neurotoxin known to be produced by several genera of cyanobacteria including anabaena. in this work, we exposed juvenile carps to freeze-dried cells of a toxic strain of the cyanobacterium anabaena sp. during a 4-day period. two different cell density--10(5) and 10(7) cell ml(-1)--were assayed. lethality and anatoxin-a concentration in the whole fish were de ... | 2007 | 17196237 |
| ultrastructural effects of pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, clofibric acid, metoprolol, diclofenac) in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and common carp (cyprinus carpio). | in order to assess potential effects of human pharmaceuticals in aquatic wildlife, laboratory experiments were conducted with carbamazepine, clofibric acid, metoprolol, and diclofenac using fish as test organisms. for each substance, at least one environmentally relevant concentration was tested. in liver, kidney, and gills of trout and carp exposed to carbamazepine, clofibric acid, and metoprolol, ultrastructural effects were qualitatively described and semi-quantitatively assessed. the obtaine ... | 2007 | 17216161 |
| dose-response relationships and statistical performance of a battery of bacterial gene profiling assays. | because of increasing awareness and legislative demands, there is a demand for the development and use of biological assays for the assessment of the toxicity of chemicals, environmental samples. recently, a growing number of bacterial reporter assays have been developed and implemented. nevertheless, little data is published on the performance of these assays in terms of analytical parameters. we present results on a battery of 14 transgenic escherichia coli strains carrying different promoter: ... | 2007 | 17225096 |
| upregulated expression of cardiac ankyrin-repeated protein in renal podocytes is associated with proteinuria severity in lupus nephritis. | cardiac ankyrin-repeated protein (carp) was originally identified as a protein specifically expressed in cardiomyocytes, but has recently been found to be upregulated in some muscle diseases including muscular dystrophy and myopathy, suggesting that carp may be induced in some pathologic conditions. in this study, we immunohistochemically analyzed 69 renal biopsy samples from patients with glomerular diseases and 2 individuals with normal kidney. we found that carp was expressed in renal podocyt ... | 2007 | 17239933 |
| mixed infection with trypanoplasma borreli and trypanosoma carassii induces protection: involvement of cross-reactive antibodies. | mixed infections with trypanoplasma borreli and trypanosoma carassii in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) are commonly found in nature. so far, in the laboratory, only mono-parasitic infections have been examined in more detail. we studied the influence of mixed rather than mono-parasitic infections on the protective immune response in this naturally occurring host-parasite combination. mixed infections were established in the laboratory by i.p. injection of fixed numbers of both parasite species ... | 2007 | 17257676 |
| phosphorus loadings associated with a park tourist attraction: limnological consequences of feeding the fish. | the linesville spillway of pymatuning state park is one of the most visited tourist attractions in pennsylvania, usa, averaging more than 450,000 visitors . year(-1). carp (cyprinus carpio linnaeus) and waterfowl congregate at the spillway where they are fed bread and other foods by park visitors. we hypothesized that the "breadthrowers" constitute a significant nutrient vector to the upper portion of pymatuning reservoir. in the summer of 2002, we estimated phosphorus loadings attributable to b ... | 2007 | 17265114 |
| identification of the endogenous ligands for chicken growth hormone-releasing hormone (ghrh) receptor: evidence for a separate gene encoding ghrh in submammalian vertebrates. | it is generally believed that hypothalamic ghrh activates ghrh receptor (ghrhr) to stimulate gh synthesis and release in the pituitary of mammals. however, the identity of the endogenous ligand of ghrhr is still unresolved in submammalian vertebrates including birds. in this study, we have successfully identified the chicken ghrh (cghrh) gene, which consists of seven exons including two exons (exons 4 and 5) coding for the predicted mature ghrh peptide of 47 amino acids. interestingly, the diffe ... | 2007 | 17272401 |
| effect of different cyanobacterial biomasses and their fractions with variable microcystin content on embryonal development of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | while numerous studies focused on the effects of microcystins, the role of other components of complex cyanobacterial water blooms in toxicity is poorly understood. in this study we have evaluated effects of various fractions of cyanobacterial biomass with different composition and microcystin content on embryolarval development of carp (cyprinus carpio). the following samples (fractions) of four natural water blooms were prepared and tested: complex cyanobacterial biomass, crude aqueous extract ... | 2007 | 17280727 |
| persistence of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in infected cultured carp cells. | cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3), previously designated carp interstitial nephritis and gill necrosis virus or koi herpesvirus, is the cause of a worldwide mortal disease of koi and carp. morphologically, the virus resembles herpesviruses, yet it bears a genome of 277 to 295 kbp, which is divergent from most of the genomic sequences available in genbank. the disease afflicts fish in the transient seasons, when the water temperature is 18 to 28 degrees c, conditions which permit virus propagation ... | 2007 | 17301126 |
| genome sequences of three koi herpesvirus isolates representing the expanding distribution of an emerging disease threatening koi and common carp worldwide. | since the mid-1990s, lethal infections of koi herpesvirus (khv) have been spreading, threatening the worldwide production of common carp and koi (both cyprinus carpio). the complete genome sequences of three khv strains from japan, the united states, and israel revealed a 295-kbp genome containing a 22-kbp terminal direct repeat. the finding that 15 khv genes have clear homologs in the distantly related channel catfish virus (ictalurid herpesvirus 1) confirms the proposed place of khv in the fam ... | 2007 | 17329333 |
| modulation of carp (cyprinus carpio) neutrophil functions during an infection with the haemoparasite trypanoplasma borreli. | trypanoplasma borreli is an extracellular blood parasite of common carp (cyprinus carpio) transmitted by fish-biting leeches. the infestation with this parasite in juvenile carp may range between 75% and 100%, especially in fish recovering from the first hibernation period. t. borreli is perfectly adapted to its prolonged survival in a cyprinid host. elevated numbers of activated neutrophils in peripheral blood and tissues are reported during t. borreli infection, but in context of the disease, ... | 2007 | 17350287 |
| use of chemical communication in the management of freshwater aquatic species that are vectors of human diseases or are invasive. | chemical communication occurs when both originator (signaller) and one or more receiver(s) possess specializations for chemical exchange of information. chemical information can be used by a wide variety of species to locate food and mates, avoid predators and engage in social interactions. in this review, we focus on chemical signalling between mates or cues from nest sites or hosts by selected aquatic pest species and indicate how chemical information can be used to manage pests. the pests are ... | 2007 | 17367788 |
| the gene structure and expression of the non-specific cytotoxic cell receptor protein (nccrp-1) in atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). | the non-specific cell receptor protein (nccrp-1) serves an important function in target cell recognition and activation of non-specific cytotoxic cells in teleosts. atlantic cod nccrp-1 was identified in a suppression-subtractive cdna library and nccrp-1 from atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, japanese medaka and fathead minnow was found deposited in the genbank as est sequences. the predicted amino acid sequences of these receptors contain the characteristic functional domains representing nccrp-1 ... | 2007 | 17368063 |
| recent development of anaerobic digestion processes for energy recovery from wastes. | anaerobic digestion leads to the overall gasification of organic wastewaters and wastes, and produces methane and carbon dioxide; this gasification contributes to reducing organic matter and recovering energy from organic carbons. here, we propose three new processes and demonstrate the effectiveness of each process. by using complete anaerobic organic matter removal process (carp), in which diluted wastewaters such as sewage and effluent from a methane fermentation digester were treated under a ... | 2007 | 17368391 |
| effects of polyherbal formulation 'immuplus' on immunity and disease resistance of indian major carp, labeo rohita at different stages of growth. | a series of experiments were performed to determine the impact of polyherbal immunomodulatory formulation 'immuplus' (aquaimmu) on growth, immunity and disease resistance of rohu (labeo rohita), one of the indian major carp at different stages of growth. rohu larvae were fed on plankton, immuplus-mixed compound feed, and plankton plus immuplus-mixed compound feed (immuplus added at three dose levels of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 g/kg feed) from 4th day of hatching to 14th day. immuplus-mixed diets enh ... | 2007 | 17373376 |
| serum antibody response of indian major carp, labeo rohita to three species of pathogenic bacteria; aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda and pseudomonas fluorescens. | the immune response to mixed whole cell antigens of aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda and pseudomonas fluorescens, the common gram negative bacterial pathogens associated with diseases of indian major carps were evaluated for their efficacy in triggering antibody responses in rohu, labeo rohita (ham.). the rohu yearlings were either immunized with antigens from single bacterial strain, a. hydrophila, e. tarda and p. fluorescens or a combination of all three. an antibody response was detec ... | 2007 | 17383016 |
| efficacy of some anticoccidial drugs for treating coccidial enteritis of the common carp caused by goussia carpelli (apicomplexa: eimeriidae). | in this study, nine anticoccidial drugs commonly used in poultry were tested for efficacy for the prevention and treatment of goussia carpelli (apicomplexa) infection in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). to establish experimental infection with g. carpelli, paratenic host oligochaetes of the genera tubifex and limnodrilus were infected with oocysts, and laboratory-cultured parasite-free common carp fingerlings were infected by feeding to them oligochaetes containing sporozoites. the anticoccidia ... | 2007 | 17385557 |
| apolipoprotein a-i, an antimicrobial protein in oncorhynchus mykiss: evaluation of its expression in primary defence barriers and plasma levels in sick and healthy fish. | antimicrobial proteins and peptides play an important role in the primary defence barriers in vertebrates and invertebrates. in a previous study it was shown that high-density lipoprotein (hdl) and its major apolipoproteins, apoa-i and apoa-ii display antimicrobial activity in the carp (cyprinus carpio l.). the aim of this study was to evaluate if apoa-i conserves this defensive function in a salmonid fish like the rainbow trout, in spite of the low level of primary sequence conservation between ... | 2007 | 17391986 |
| structural and regulatory roles of muscle ankyrin repeat protein family in skeletal muscle. | the biological response of muscle to eccentric contractions (ecs) results in strengthening and protection from further injury. however, the cellular basis for this response remains unclear. previous studies identified the muscle ankyrin repeat protein (marp) family, consisting of cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp), ankyrin repeat domain 2/ankyrin repeat protein with pest and proline-rich region (ankrd2/arpp), and diabetes-associated ankyrin repeat protein (darp), as rapidly and specifically u ... | 2007 | 17392382 |
| [subtelomeric deletion 9qter: definition of the syndrome and parental origin in 2 patients]. | subtelomeric chromosome imbalances are increasingly known as a cause for mental retardation. new phenotypes associated with specific rearrangements are also being delineated, such as 9q microdeletion syndrome. here we define the major phenotypic features and the parental origin of 9q deletion. | 2007 | 17394858 |
| prokaryotic gene profiling assays to detect sediment toxicity: evaluating the ecotoxicological relevance of a cell-based assay. | despite their complexity, ecotoxicological measurements using higher level responses remain a major tool in the assessment of ecosystem integrity. nevertheless, the past decade saw an increasing number of cell based testing systems have found widespread application in ecotoxicology. one such test is bacterial bioreporters carrying a stress sensitive promoter fused to an easily detectable reporter gene. in the presence of a specific toxic stress,the expression cassette is switched on and the repo ... | 2007 | 17396675 |
| hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia. | alterations in hematological indices such as decreases in blood cell counts (rbc), hematocrit (ht) and hemoglobin (hb) concentrations are key symptoms of anemia. however, few experiments were conducted to examine changes in hematological indices of fish exposed to microcystins that are believed to be fatal to circulatory systems of vertebrates. an acute toxicological experiment was designed to study hematological changes of crucian carp injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with extracted microcysti ... | 2007 | 17400268 |
| crucian carp (carassius carassius) vtg monoclonal antibody: development and application. | the vitellogenin (vtg) in fish has been used as an important biomarker for monitoring endocrine disrupting compounds (edcs). this paper reports the development of a new monoclonal antibody (mcab) against the vtg of crucian carp (carassius carassius). the mcab has a molecular weight of 149.4 kda (heavy chain: 53.1 kda; light chain: 21.6 kda), and double diffusion indicated that it belongs to the igg1 subclass. the titer is 10(5)-10(6) and the affinity constant (k(aff)) is 7.0 x 10(8)l/mol, showin ... | 2007 | 16469380 |
| non-specific immune parameters of brood indian major carp labeo rohita and their seasonal variations. | different non-specific immune parameters and their seasonal changes in brood indian major carp labeo rohita reared in two major freshwater aquaculture regions of india viz. west bengal and orissa were investigated. it was undertaken for 2 consecutive years and included three main seasons of a year such as summer (march-may), rainy (july-september) and winter (november-january). total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels were not significantly different throughout the year (p>0.01). serum l ... | 2007 | 16679030 |
| heavy metal accumulation in water, sediments and fishes of nallihan bird paradise, turkey. | the accumulation of some heavy metals such as pb, cd, cu and ni was determined in water sediment and fish samples (albumus escherichii, cyprinus carpio and silurus glanis) collected from nallihan bird paradise (nbp) and its vicinity (sariyar dam). the results showed that these metals are found widespread throughout the study area, but metal concentrations in the water samples are below the detection limits (bdl). pb, cd, cu and ni contamination were determined in sediments and in fish tissues (m ... | 2007 | 18380073 |
| bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fishes from taihu lake, china. | the cr, zn, cu, cd, pb contents were determined in cyprinus carpio linnaeus, carassius auratus linnaeus, hypophthalmichthys molitrix and aristichthys nobilis, which were caught from meiliang bay, taihu lake, a large, shallow and eutrophic lake of china. the results showed that: (1) the cr, cu, pb, cd contents in the edible parts of the four fish species were much lower than chinese food health criterion (1994), but the zn contents were higher than the criterion; (2) cd contents were the highest ... | 2007 | 18277656 |
| treatment of ichthyophthiriasis in rainbow trout and common carp with common and alternative therapeutics. | the goal of this laboratory study was to provide better knowledge about the treatment of ichthyophthiriasis (causative agent: ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a ciliate bacteria) in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and common carp cyprinus carpio. the following questions were investigated: (1) the effectiveness of different chemicals (formalin, sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, perotan, virkon, aquahumin, baycox, and ivomec) and at different concentrations and durations of application, (2) the n ... | 2007 | 18201060 |
| chronic fluoxetine treatment induces brain region-specific upregulation of genes associated with bdnf-induced long-term potentiation. | several lines of evidence implicate bdnf in the pathogenesis of stress-induced depression and the delayed efficacy of antidepressant drugs. antidepressant-induced upregulation of bdnf signaling is thought to promote adaptive neuronal plasticity through effects on gene expression, but the effector genes downstream of bdnf has not been identified. local infusion of bdnf into the dentate gyrus induces a long-term potentiation (bdnf-ltp) of synaptic transmission that requires upregulation of the imm ... | 2007 | 18301726 |
| detection of cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3) dna in infected fish tissues by nested polymerase chain reaction. | diagnostic tests with high analytical sensitivity are required to detect cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (cyhv-3) in carriers that have been implicated in the dissemination of this important disease of koi and common carp cyprinus carpio. a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test was developed to detect cyhv-3 dna in tissues of infected fish. the 2-round pcr amplified 529 and 379 bp segments of the cyhv-3 gene coding for the major capsid protein using specific external and internal primers, respectiv ... | 2007 | 18159669 |
| non-specific adsorption of fish immunoglobulin m (igm) to blocking reagents on elisa plate wells. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is a popular technique for quantifiable detection of specific antibodies in warm-blooded animals, but it has not been accepted for detection of fish antibodies because of its low reproducibility, which is due in part to high background optical density (od) measurements. in the present study, we report that the high background of a fish antibody-detection elisa resulted from non-specific adsorption of fish immunoglobulin m (igm) to blocking reagents on th ... | 2007 | 18159673 |
| managing the koi herpesvirus disease outbreak in indonesia and the lessons learned. | in 2002, the suspected koi herpesvirus (khv) outbreak in indonesia was investigated by an international emergency disease control task force organized by naca immediately following a request for assistance by the government of indonesia. the task force gained immediate support from aciar, aahri, fao, centex-thailand, intervet, stirling university, and the university of california. the task force findings revealed the involvement of an infectious agent, an analogy with khv outbreaks, its introduc ... | 2007 | 18306515 |
| effects of lead nitrate (pbno3) on the glucose and cortisol hormone levels in common carp, cyprinus carpio. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of pbno3 exposure on variations of glucose and cortisol levels in cyprinus carpio. fish were subjected to two sub-lethal concentrations of pbno3 for 14 days. blood samples were isolated from the fish following the exposure, to measure the levels of cortisol and glucose compared to the control group. we found significant increases (p<0.05) in the levels of blood cortisol in two groups of fish after 14 days of exposure to two concent ... | 2007 | 19070136 |
| the effects of salt and storage temperature on microbiological changes in hot-smoked mirror carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | in this study, microbiological changes during processing and preservation of smoked mirror carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fillets were examined. in the processing phase the brining in two different salt concentration and smoke were used. the conservation is realized in two different ambient temperatures. starting from raw material, a(w) and ph levels as well as mesophilic, psychrophilic, staphylococcus-micrococcus, coliform, the yeast and mould counts were determined at every stage. in conclusion, th ... | 2007 | 19090218 |
| bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems. | livestock and aquaculture production is under political and social pressure, especially in the european union (eu), to decrease pollution and environmental damage arising due to animal agriculture. the eu has banned the use of antibiotics and other chemicals, which have been shown to be effective in promoting growth and reducing environment pollutants because of the risk caused to humans by chemical residues in food and by antibiotic resistance being passed on to human pathogens. as a result of ... | 2007 | 22444893 |
| biochemical and immunochemical characterization of the antigen-antibody reaction on a non-toxic biomimetic interface immobilized red blood cells of crucian carp and gold nanoparticles. | a special protein assay system based on a highly hydrophilic, non-toxic and conductive biominetic interface has been demonstrated. to fabricate such assay system, red blood cells of crucian carp (rbc) was initially grown on a glassy carbon electrode surface (gce) deposited nano-sized gold particles (gps), a second gold nanoparticle layer (ng) was then absorbed on the rbc surface, and finally mammary cancer 15-3 antibody (anti-ca15-3) was attached on the functional rbc surface. a competitive immu ... | 2007 | 16787745 |
| the formation of improved tetraploid population of red crucian carp x common carp hybrids by androgenesis. | bisexual fertile diploid androgenetic individuals (a(0)) (2n=100) were formed by androgenesis. in this way, the diploid spermatozoa from male allotetraploid hybrids (at) (4n=200) of red crucian carp (carassius auratus red var.) (female) x common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) (male) were used to fertilize the uv-treated haploid eggs of goldfish (carassius auratus), and living androgenetic diploid fish were developed. the a(0) became sexually mature at the age of 2 years, and they fertilized with each ... | 2007 | 17901933 |
| altered serum levels of sex steroids and biotransformation enzyme activities by long-term alachlor exposure in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | 2007 | 17668140 | |
| studies on resistance characteristic and cdna sequence conservation of transferrin from crucian carp, carassius auratus. | transferrin (tf) is a kind of non-heme beta-globulin with two iron ions (fe(3+))-binding sites. to prove tf's physiological functions, fe(3+)-proteins, serum iron contents, and total iron-binding capabilities were tested for tfs of crucian carps (carassius auratus) and sliver carps (hypophthalmichthys molitrix). the above results demonstrated that sliver carps shared 1/3 tf alleles with crucian carps; tf of crucian carps had stronger fe(3+)-binding ability and transportation ability in plasma th ... | 2007 | 17646932 |
| direct evidence for interaction between lead ions and kidney dna from silver crucian carp. | a direct interaction of lead (pb) with kidney dna from silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) has been systematically studied in vitro using multi-techniques, including uv-vis absorption, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism spectral methods and gel electrophoresis. we find that pb is bound with four oxygen or nitrogen atoms of dna in its fresh shell at the distances of 2.64 a. additionally, pb may bind to the oxygen atom of nucleic acid or nit ... | 2007 | 17517428 |
| [cloning and the sequence analysis of the fish glutathione transferase pi gene]. | using rt-pcr method, the glutathione transferase pi cdnas were cloned from cyprinus carpio, hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and carassius auratus. the open reading frames (orfs) from the 3 fishes were 627 bp long (encoding for 208 amino acids) with the initial code atg and the terminal code tga. the sequence similarity was 50% between fish and mammals, 33% between fish and amphibian, and 15% between fish and arthropoda, respectively. the sequence similarity was big among fishes, and the average val ... | 2007 | 17369158 |
| purification, characterization, and cdna cloning of a myofibril-bound serine proteinase from the skeletal muscle of crucian carp (carassius auratus). | a myofibril-bound serine proteinase (mbsp) was highly purified from the skeletal muscle of crucian carp (carasius auratus) by acidic treatment of myofibril solution and chromatographies on q-sepharose and benzamidine-sepharose 6b. mbsp revealed a main protein band of approximately 28 kda on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) and was particularly inhibited by serine proteinase inhibitors. substrate-specificity analysis revealed that the enzyme specifically cleaved at the carboxyl side ... | 2007 | 17253717 |
| isolation of side population cells from ginbuna carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) kidney hematopoietic tissues. | side population (sp) cells, characterized by a specific hoechst dye efflux pattern by flow cytometry were isolated from kidney hematopoietic tissues of ginbuna carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii). the hematopoietic activity of sp cells was evaluated by the repopulation and multilineage potential using an in vivo transplant system of ginbuna carp (donor) and ginbuna-goldfish hybrids (recipient). in a flow cytometric (fcm) analysis, a small and distinct population of ginbuna sp cells displayed ef ... | 2007 | 17129605 |
| the toxicity of copper to crucian carp (carassius carassius) in soft water. | crucian carp (carassius carassius) were exposed to a cu rich medium (ph 6.6, conductivity 25 micros/cm, 2.91 mg ca(2+)/l, approximately 300 microg cu(2+)/l). untreated department water (ph 6.6, conductivity 25 micros/cm, 2.91 mg ca(2+)/l) acted as control. mortality in crucian carp was first observed after 13 days of exposure to the cu rich medium. there were, however, significant changes in haematocrit, plasma chloride, plasma sodium and water content in muscle in fish exposed to the cu rich me ... | 2007 | 17628637 |
| gill remodeling in fish--a new fashion or an ancient secret? | while a large respiratory surface area is good for gas exchange, it also poses several problems, including energetically unfavorable fluxes of water and ions. as a result, fishes appear to have a respiratory surface area that is matched to their oxygen demands. when faced with changes in their need for oxygen uptake, e.g. through altered physical activity or altered ambient oxygen levels, fishes have long been known to make two different adjustments: (1) to change the water flow over the gills o ... | 2007 | 17601943 |
| adenosine does not save the heart of anoxia-tolerant vertebrates during prolonged oxygen deprivation. | despite adenosine being regarded as an important signaling molecule capable of coordinating atp supply and demand during periods of oxygen deprivation in anoxia-intolerant mammals, the importance of adenosinergic cardiovascular control in anoxia-tolerant vertebrates is poorly understood. here, we report on adenosinergic cardiovascular control during normoxia and prolonged (hours to days) oxygen deprivation for three vertebrate species tolerant of severe hypoxia/anoxia, the closely related common ... | 2007 | 17433747 |
| melatonin in the regulation of annual testicular events in carp catla catla: evidence from the studies on the effects of exogenous melatonin, continuous light, and continuous darkness. | the physiological significance of melatonin in the regulation of annual testicular events in a major carp catla catla was evaluated through studies on the effects of graded dose (25, 50, or 100 microg/100 g body wt.) of melatonin exogenously administered for different durations (1, 15, or 30 days) and manipulation of the endogenous melatonin system by exposing the fish to constant darkness (dd) or constant light (ll) for 30 days. an identical experimental schedule was followed during the prepara ... | 2007 | 17701677 |
| free cyanide-induced biochemical changes in nitrogen metabolism of the indian major carp cirrhinus mrigala. | we studied the effect of free cyanide on several aspects of nitrogen metabolism in the gills, liver, and muscle tissue of the indian major carp, cirrhinus mrigala. free amino acid levels and protease activity were elevated following exposure to lethal and sublethal doses of free cyanide. at the lethal concentration, significant changes were noticed on day 4 for both parameters. the normal condition was restored only at the sublethal concentration. | 2007 | 18380169 |
| histopathology of lambda-cyhalothrin on tissues (gill, kidney, liver and intestine) of cirrhinus mrigala. | the histopathology of lambda-cyhalothrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, on the gill, liver, intestine and kidney tissues in fish, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala), which is one of indian major carp species were determined by light microscopy. the fish were experimentally exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.3ppb and 0.6ppb) of lambda-cyhalothrin for 10 days. tissues were normal in the control group. epithelial hyperplasia, aneurism, epithelial necrosis, desquamation, epithelial lifting, oedema, ... | 2007 | 21783823 |
| age-related trends in the blood chemistry and hematology of the indian carp (catla catla). | 2007 | 14275631 | |
| impact of low dose of organophosphate, monocrotophos on the epithelial cells of gills of cyprinus carpio communis linn.--sem study. | the paper deals with the deleterious changes at ultrastructural level of the epithelial cells of gills of cyprinus carpio communis linn. upon exposure to 1/10th of lc50 of monocrotophos which is considered to be insignificant concentration from toxicological point of view. the gills of the fish are the primary corridor formolecularexchange between the internal milieu of a fish and its environment. gills perform numerous functions such as oxygen uptake and co2 excretion, osmoregulation, acid-basi ... | 2007 | 18380092 |
| mutation rate and pattern of microsatellites in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | microsatellites are popular molecular markers in genetic and evolutionary studies. their mutational dynamics have been extensively studied in humans and fruit flies, but few data were available in fish. by genotyping 55 individuals of a f1 pedigree, we investigated the mutation rates and patterns of 49 microsatellites in one of the most important fresh water fish species, the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). the overall mutation rate of the 49 loci was 5.56 x 10(-4)/locus/generation (95% confid ... | 2007 | 16897452 |
| persistent sub-lethal chlorine exposure augments temperature induced immunosuppression in cyprinus carpio advanced fingerlings. | apart from increased temperature, thermal effluents discharged through cooling systems of nuclear power plants may often contain chlorine (used against bio-fouling), which may affect the immune status of fish. therefore, a 28-day trial was undertaken to delineate the effect of high temperature and a persistent sub-lethal chlorine exposure on immunomodulation in cyprinus carpio advanced fingerlings. fish were acclimated to four different temperatures (26, 31, 33 and 36 degrees c) and maintained f ... | 2007 | 17046286 |
| hypoxia tolerance in reptiles, amphibians, and fishes: life with variable oxygen availability. | the ability of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles to survive extremes of oxygen availability derives from a core triad of adaptations: profound metabolic suppression, tolerance of ionic and ph disturbances, and mechanisms for avoiding free-radical injury during reoxygenation. for long-term anoxic survival, enhanced storage of glycogen in critical tissues is also necessary. the diversity of body morphologies and habitats and the utilization of dormancy have resulted in a broad array of adaptations ... | 2007 | 17037980 |
| real-time gene expression analysis in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) skin: inflammatory responses to injury mimicking infection with ectoparasites. | we studied a predictive model of gene expression induced by mechanical injury of fish skin, to resolve the confounding effects on the immune system induced by injury and skin parasite-specific molecules. we applied real time quantitative pcr (rq-pcr) to measure the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines cxca, cxcb, interleukin (il)1-beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnfalpha), and the receptors il1r1, cxcr1 and cxcr2 in skin of cyprinus carpio after mechanical injury. we also studied the ... | 2007 | 17034853 |
| does seston size structure reflect fish-mediated effects on water quality in a degraded semiarid wetland? | this study evaluates whether the size structure of seston (the sum of living and nonliving particles in the water column) reflects the effects of fish on wetland water quality. using enclosures, we measured water quality and zooplankton community structure in the presence and absence of two fish species with distinct foraging strategies [benthivorous carp (cyprinus carpio) and planktivorous mosquitofish (gambusia holbrooki)]. seston collected from the enclosures was counted and sized automatical ... | 2007 | 16957857 |
| copeptin, derived from isotocin precursor, is a probable prolactin releasing factor in carp. | control of prolactin (prl) release is of crucial importance for the multiple functions exerted by prl in vertebrates. recently identified hypothalamic prl-releasing peptides displayed additional neuromodulatory activities and in fish only few could be detected close to lactotrophs. here we describe the c-terminal peptide processed from the carp isotocin precursor as probable physiologically relevant regulator of prl release in carp. the amino acid sequence derived from the complete isotocin prec ... | 2007 | 17084401 |
| evaluation of oxidative stress responses and neurotoxicity potential of diazinon in different tissues of cyprinus carpio. | toxicity of organophosphorus insecticides is mainly due to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, but, oxidative stress may be involved in the toxicity of this pesticides. therefore, it was investigated whether diazinon, a commonly used organophosphate, may induce oxidative stress and cholinesterase inhibition in different tissues of cyprinus carpio. sublethal concentrations of diazinon (0.0036, 0.018 and 0.036ppb) were administired to c. carpio l. for 5, 15 and 30 days. the study was made by m ... | 2007 | 21783736 |
| how sublethal fenitrothion is toxic in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fingerlings. | abstract the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fenitrothion, an organophosphothionate insecticide, on selected serum hematological and biochemical parameters of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fingerlings and investigate histopathological changes after acute dose of exposure. among those, cortisol and glucose are evaluated as responses of early life stages of carp to acute stress and hematological blood parameters are evaluated to investigate the mechanism of toxicity via histopatho ... | 2007 | 20020876 |
| stress-induced facilitation of the cortisol response in 17alpha-hydroxylase deficient xx mas-1/mas-1 carp (cyprinus carpio). | facilitation of the stress response results from a reduction of the inhibitory effects of circulating corticosteroids, allowing an animal to respond to a novel stressor. in this study, the existence of a facilitated cortisol stress response in normal (std) and 17alpha-hydroxylase deficient xx mas-1/mas-1 (e5) carp was investigated. e5 carp had previously been characterized as having a low cortisol response to stress. fish were subjected to either cortisol feeding or daily-acute stress, from 45 u ... | 2007 | 17188688 |
| cloning and functional characterization of 5'-upstream region of metallothionein-i gene from crucian carp (carassius cuvieri). | metallothioneins are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins, which can be induced by heavy metal ions, cytokines, stress, and hormones. to investigate the roles of the main cis-acting elements involved in the inducible expression of metallothionein gene in fish, the 5'-upstream region of crucian carp (carassius cuvieri) metallothionein-i gene had been cloned and analyzed after our previous work on metallothionein-ii. in its upstream region, several putative cis-acting elemen ... | 2007 | 17337234 |
| the heart as a working model to explore themes and strategies for anoxic survival in ectothermic vertebrates. | most vertebrates die within minutes when deprived of molecular oxygen (anoxia), in part because of cardiac failure, which can be traced to an inadequate matching of cardiac atp supply to atp demand. cardiac power output (po; estimated from the product of cardiac output and central arterial pressure and an indirect measure of cardiac atp demand) is directly related to cardiac atp supply up to some maximal level during both normoxia (atp supply estimated from myocardial o(2) consumption) and anoxi ... | 2007 | 17337222 |
| use of suppression subtractive hybridization pcr for the development of cdna arrays for the detection of endocrine disruption in carp (cyprinus carpio). | the potential of a variety of xenobiotic compounds to modulate or disrupt the endocrine system of humans and wildlife is now widely recognized. in the present study, we developed a molecular tool for the evaluation of endocrine disruption in common carp (cyprinus carpio). suppression subtractive hybridization pcr was applied for the isolation of a relevant gene set, consisting of gender- and hormone-responsive gene fragments. this resulted in 398 different gene fragments that were most related t ... | 2007 | 20483275 |
| subcellular distribution of cd in the aquatic oligochaete tubifex tubifex, implications for trophic availability and toxicity. | we studied the compartmentalization of cadmium and zinc in the oligochaete tubifex tubifex. the subcellular distribution was followed over time and levels of metallothionein-like proteins were measured. the impact of the speciation on the trophic transfer was studied by calculating the assimilation efficiencies of metals from tubificidae fed to carp. it was found that carp were able to assimilate 9.8% of the cadmium. the expected assimilated amount of cadmium, based on the subcellular fractions ... | 2007 | 17240028 |
| molecular characterization of common carp (cyprinus carpio) sonic hedgehog and discovery of its maternal expression. | sonic hedgehog (shh), one of important homologous members of the hedgehog (hh) family in vertebrates, encodes a signaling molecule that is involved in short- or long-range patterning processes during embryogenesis. in zebrafish, maternal activity of hh was found to be contributing to the formation of primary motoneurons. however, we found that all of the known hh members were not maternally expressed in zebrafish. in the present study, full-length cdna of common carp (cyprinus carpio) shh (cshh) ... | 2007 | 17318658 |
| two independent cases of spontaneously occurring branchioblastomas in koi carp (cyprinus carpio). | this report documents 2 cases of branchioblastomas in koi carp (cyprinus carpio). macroscopically, both cases were characterized by well-demarcated, pale red nodular masses located at the left first branchial arch and the right pseudobranch, respectively. histologically, the neoplasias were composed of blast-like cells that differentiated into cartilage and branchial lamellae embedded in abundant fibrous connective tissue. based on these findings, a branchioblastoma was diagnosed. | 2007 | 17317806 |
| calcium-binding proteins and their role in allergic diseases. | calcium-binding proteins (cbps) are ubiquitous pollen allergens and important food allergens in fish and amphibians. calcium-binding allergens containing two ef-hands (polcalcins) have been detected and characterized in pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds. timothy grass phl p 7 is the most cross-reactive allergen among polcalcins. although there is cross-reactivity described within the subfamilies of calcium-binding allergens, there are no strong indications for ige cross-reactivity between cb ... | 2007 | 17276877 |
| polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans and polychlorinated biphenyls in fresh fishes from qiantangjiang river, china. | muscles of two species of fish collected in qiangtangjiang river were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) by high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (hrgc/hrms). average concentrations of total pcdd/fs in crucian carp and white amur bream were 1.14-7.88 pg g(-1)ww and 1.02-8.18 pg g(-1)ww respectively. corresponding values for pcbs were 469.36-10972 pg g(-1)ww and 364.79-4948.0 pg g(-1)ww. averag ... | 2007 | 17275884 |
| effluent impact assessment using microarray-based analysis in common carp: a systems toxicology approach. | effluents are a main source of direct and continuous input of pollutants to the aquatic environment, and can cause ecotoxicological effects at different levels of biological organization. since gene expression responses represent the primary interaction site between environmental contaminants and biota, they provide essential clues to understand how chemical exposure can affect organismal health. the aim of the present study was to investigate the applicability of a microarray approach for unrav ... | 2007 | 17267021 |
| long-term investigations of radiocaesium activity concentrations in carp in north croatia after the chernobyl accident. | long-term investigations of radiocaesium activity concentrations in carp in the republic of croatia are presented. the radiocaesium levels in carp decreased exponentially and the effective ecological half-life of (137)cs was estimated to be about 1 year during 1987-2002 and 5 years during 1993-2005. the observed (134)cs:(137)cs activity ratio in carp was found to be similar to the ratio observed in other environmental samples. the concentration factor for carp (wet weight) was estimated to be 12 ... | 2007 | 17343962 |
| perturbation of cytochrome p450, generation of oxidative stress and induction of dna damage in cyprinus carpio exposed in situ to potable surface water. | epidemiological evidence suggests a link between consumption of chlorinated drinking water and various cancers. chlorination of water rich in organic chemicals produces carcinogenic organochlorine by-products (obps) such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. since the discovery of the first obp in the 1970s, there have been several investigations designed to determine the biological effects of single chemicals or small artificial obp combinations. however, there is still insufficient informat ... | 2007 | 17141554 |
| central mechanisms underlying fish swimming. | although the basic swimming rhythm is created by central pattern generators (cpgs) located in each spinal segment, command signals from the brain should be indispensable for the activation of cpgs to initiate swimming. we hypothesized that the nucleus of medial longitudinal fascicles (nflm) is the midbrain locomotor region driving swimming rhythms in teleosts. to test this hypothesis, we recorded neuronal activities from nflm neurons in swimming carp and analyzed the cytoarchitecture of the nucl ... | 2007 | 17230022 |
| enhanced bioaccumulation of cadmium in carp in the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. | in this study adsorption of cd onto tio2 nanoparticles and natural sediment particles (sp) were studied and the facilitated transports of cd into carp by tio2 nanoparticles and sp were assessed by bioaccumulation tests exposing carp (cyprinus carpio) to cd contaminated water in the presence of tio2 and sp respectively. the results show that tio2 nanoparticles had a significantly stronger adsorption capacity for cd than sp. the presence of sp did not have significant influence on the accumulation ... | 2007 | 17166554 |
| contaminants in fish of the hackensack meadowlands, new jersey: size, sex, and seasonal relationships as related to health risks. | the trace metal content and related safety (health risk) of hackensack river fish were assessed within the hackensack meadowlands of new jersey, usa. eight elements were analyzed in the edible portion (i.e., muscle) of species commonly taken by anglers in the area. the white perch collection (morone americana) was large enough (n = 168) to enable statistically significant inferences, but there were too few brown bullheads and carp to reach definite conclusions. of the eight elements analyzed, th ... | 2007 | 17106790 |
| gene structure and seasonal expression of carp fish prolactin short receptor isoforms. | the complex adaptive mechanisms that eurythermal fish have evolved in response to the seasonal changes of the environment include the transduction of the physical parameter variations into neuroendocrine signals. studies in carp (cyprinus carpio) have indicated that prolactin (prl) and growth hormone (gh) expression is associated with acclimatization, suggesting that the pituitary gland is a relevant physiological node in this adaptive process. also, the distinctive pattern of expression that ca ... | 2007 | 17131379 |
| acidification decouples gap junctions but enlarges the receptive field size of horizontal cells in carp retina. | the receptive field size of retinal horizontal cells is much larger than their dendritic field size due to gap junctional coupling between the same sub-types of cell. thus, horizontal cells form syncytia by electrical coupling. the basic receptive field profile of horizontal cells can be described by an exponential function based on measurement of responses to a slit of light moved tangentially from a recording electrode. the space constant of this exponential function is proportional to (g(s)/g ... | 2007 | 17126439 |
| modeling the pre- and post-synaptic components involved in the synaptic modification between cones and horizontal cells in carp retina. | in retinal synapses between cones and luminosity type horizontal cells (lhc), it was previously found in this laboratory that repetitive red flashes progressively strengthened the lhc's response to red flash, whereas weakened the lhc's response to green flash; repetitive green flash remarkably depressed the lhc's red response, but caused little changes in the cell's green response. however, the detailed mechanisms underlying these phenomena are not entirely clear. in the present study, based on ... | 2007 | 17115217 |
| oral and anal immunisation with alloantigen induces active cell-mediated cytotoxic responses in carp. | 2007 | 17113308 | |
| [genetic potential analysis of germany mirror carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using microsatellite markers]. | using 30 microsatellite markers and combining quantity characters such as body weight, body size and body width, we evaluated the genetic potential of 3 germany mirror carp populations. number of effective alleles (ae), observed (ho) and expected (he) heterozygosity values and polymorphic information contents (pic) were all calculated. 287 alleles and 559 genotypes were detected. the dna fragment length was 109-400 bp. the hardy-weinberg equilibrium was checked and phenomenon of some disequilibr ... | 2007 | 18065388 |
| myxobolus infections of common carp (cyprinus carpio) in syrian fish farms. | during a survey on myxobolus infection of pond-cultured common carp in syria three myxobolus spp. were found. myxobolus dispar infected the gill arteries, forming large elongated plasmodia in the gill filaments. the plasmodia of m basilamellaris were located in the gill arches at the base of the filaments. elongated filiform plasmodia of m. encephalicus were found in the blood vessels of the brain. despite the common occurrence of the above parasites, no disease symptoms were observed in the inf ... | 2007 | 18277709 |
| influence of fish on habitat choice of water birds: a whole system experiment. | it is notoriously difficult to study population interactions among highly mobile animals that cannot be meaningfully confined to experimental plots of limited size. for example, migratory water birds are believed to suffer from competition with resident fish populations for shared food resources. while observational evidence in support of this hypothesis is accumulating, replicated experiments addressing this issue at the proper spatial scale are lacking. here, we report from a replicated whole- ... | 2007 | 18051660 |
| an in vivo study of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) liver during prolonged hypoxia. | hypoxia induced apoptosis has been studied extensively in many mammalian cell lines but there are only a few studies using whole animal models. we investigated the response of the intact liver to hypoxia in a hypoxia tolerant fish, the carp (cyprinus carpio, l). we exposed carp to hypoxia for up to 42 days, using oxygen level (0.5 mgo(2)/l) that were slightly higher than the critical oxygen level of carp. there was extensive dna damage in liver cells, especially during the first week of exposure ... | 2007 | 20483301 |
| microsatellite dna marker analysis of genetic diversity in wild common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) populations. | thirty microsatellite loci were used for analyzing six wild populations of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). observed (h(o)) and expected (h(e)) heterozygosity values, polymorphic information content (pic), and number of effective alleles (a(e)) were all detected. genetic similarity index and genetic distance were computed based on the allele frequency. the hardy-weinberg equilibrium was checked according to the test of chi2. genetic differentiation and hierarchical partition of genetic diversit ... | 2007 | 18037135 |
| routine turning maneuvers of koi carp cyprinus carpio koi: effects of turning rate on kinematics and hydrodynamics. | spontaneous swimming behaviors of koi carp cyprinus carpio koi were recorded using a video tracking system. routine single-beat turns were selected from the recorded image sequences for kinematic and hydrodynamic analysis. as with c-starts, the turns can be divided into two stages (stage 1 and stage 2), based on kinematics. stage 1 involves a bend to one side forming a c-shaped curve in the body, while stage 2 corresponds to the return flip of the body and tail. the turning angle in stage 1 acco ... | 2007 | 18055627 |
| biochemical and histochemical effects of perorally applied endotoxin on intestinal mucin glycoproteins of the common carp cyprinus carpio. | mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins produced by goblet cells and secreted on mucosal surfaces. we investigated biochemical and histochemical properties of intestinal mucins of virus- and parasite-free common carp cyprinus carpio in response to a single peroral application of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide = lps). intracellular mucins were quantified histochemically by their carbohydrate content and characterized by specific, lectin-based methods. in addition, secreted epithelial (intra ... | 2007 | 17933394 |
| depolarization of isolated horizontal cells of fish acidifies their immediate surrounding by activating v-atpase. | in order to interpret the formation of receptive field surrounds in retinal neurons, a proton-mediated mechanism was proposed to mediate feedback from horizontal cells (hcs) to cone photoreceptors. to verify the idea that depolarized hcs release protons, we measured, by a fluorescence ratiometric technique, the ph of the immediate external surface (phs) of hcs isolated from the carp or goldfish retina. when hcs stained by 5-hexadecanoylaminofluorescein, a ph-sensitive lipophilicdye, were depolar ... | 2007 | 17932147 |
| cloning and study of adult-tissue-specific expression of sox9 in cyprinus carpio. | the sox9 gene is one of the important transcription factors in the development of many tissues and organs, particularly in sex determination and chondrogenesis. we amplified the genomic dna of cyprinus carpio using degenerate primers, and found that there were two versions of sox9 in this species: sox9a and sox9b, that differ in having an intron of different length (704 bp and 616 bp, respectively) in the conserved hmg box region that codes for identical amino acid sequences. we used a two-phase ... | 2007 | 17968136 |
| effects of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate on hemoglobin content and oxygen consumption of freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio (linnaeus). | lethal effects of nitrogenous compounds ammonia, nitrite and nitrate on freshwater fish cyprinus carpio were studied and the static lc50 values obtained for these 3 toxicants for 24 hr were 0.80 ppb, 171.36 ppm; 1075.10 ppm and continuous flowthrough lc50 values for 24 hr were 0.72 ppb, 154.31 ppm; 967.63 ppm respectively. the fish were exposed to lethal concentrations to study the changes in hematological parameters and the rate of oxygen consumption. during the period of exposure general decli ... | 2007 | 17717984 |
| action of ascorbic acid on a myosin molecule derived from carp. | the influence of l-ascorbic acid at 40 degrees c incubation on the subfragment-1 and rod regions, prepared by chymotryptic digestion of myosin, and myosin was investigated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy respectively. it was observed that l-ascorbic acid acted more readily on the subfragment-1 region of myosin. further, circular dichroism measurement indicated that l-ascorbic acid did not affect the structure of myosin. these results suggest that l- ... | 2007 | 17690444 |
| a progestin and an estrogen regulate early stages of oogenesis in fish. | using two species of teleost fish, japanese huchen (hucho perryi) and common carp (cyprinus carpio), we investigated whether sex steroids are involved in early oogenesis in vitro. ovarian fragments were cultured to examine the effects of a progestin, 17alpha, 20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (dhp), and an estrogen, estradiol-17 beta (e2). dhp and e2 significantly promoted dna synthesis in ovarian germ cells, as judged by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (brdu) incorporation into these cells. furthermore, ... | 2007 | 17687117 |
| microbiological quality of fish grown in wastewater-fed and non-wastewater-fed fishponds in hanoi, vietnam: influence of hygiene practices in local retail markets. | mean water quality in two wastewater-fed ponds and one non-wastewater-fed pond in hanoi, vietnam was approximately 10(6) and approximately 10(4) presumptive thermotolerant coliforms (pthc) per 100 ml, respectively. fish (common carp, silver carp and nile tilapia) grown in these ponds were sampled at harvest and in local retail markets. bacteriological examination of the fish sampled at harvest from both types of pond showed that they were of very good quality (2 - 3 pthc g(-1) fresh muscle weigh ... | 2007 | 17674570 |
| the effect of food rations on tissue-specific copper accumulation patterns of sublethal waterborne exposure in cyprinus carpio. | common carp (cyprinus carpio) were fed to two different food rations, 0.5% body weight (low ration [lr]) and 5% body weight (high ration [hr]), and were exposed to sublethal (1 microm) copper levels for 28 d in softened antwerp (belgium) city tap water (ca2+, 79.3 mg/l; mg2+, 7.4 mg/l; na+, 27.8 mg/l; ph 7.5-8.0). copper accumulations in the liver, gills, kidney, anterior intestine, posterior intestine, and muscle were determined. copper accumulation in the gills, liver, and kidney of lr fish wa ... | 2007 | 17665693 |
| [analysis of genetic diversity among silver carp populations in the middle and lower yangtse river using thirty microsatellite markers]. | thirty microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of five silver carp populations in the middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river. a total of 144 different alleles were found and the number of alleles in each locus ranged from 1 to 10. twenty-five loci (83.33%) were polymorphic. in the five populations, the average number of alleles was 4.0 to 4.1, the number of mean valid alleles was 2.4445 to 2.6332, the value of average observed and expected heterozygosity ranged f ... | 2007 | 17650488 |
| debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ether-99 (bde-99) in carp (cyprinus carpio) microflora and microsomes. | based on previous findings in dietary studies with carp (cyprinus carpio), we investigated the mechanism of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (bde-99) debromination to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (bde-47) using liver and intestinal components. in vitro aerobic and anaerobic experiments tested the ability of carp intestinal microflora to debrominate bde-99. no debromination of bde-99 to bde-47 was observed in microfloral samples; therefore, carp enzymatic pathways were assessed for debr ... | 2007 | 17640709 |