Publications

initial results with an electrothermal bipolar vessel sealer.	an electrothermal bipolar vessel sealer (ebvs; ligasure, valleylab, boulder, co, usa) was developed as an alternative to suture ligatures, hemoclips, staplers, and ultrasonic coagulators for ligating vessels and tissue bundles. the ebvs seals vessels up to 7 mm in diameter by denaturing collagen and elastin within the vessel wall and surrounding connective tissue. this study is the first to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of this instrument and delineate its potential timesavings in b ...	2001	11443443
effect of composting on characterization and leaching of copper, manganese, and zinc from swine manure.	this research was conducted to study the influence of composting on the concentrations, water solubility, and phase association of cu, mn, and zn from swine (sus domesticus) feces. composting of separated swine manure was performed in two piles for 122 days. the metal concentrations increased rapidly during the first 49 days and leveled off thereafter. all metal concentrations increased approximately 2.7-fold in the final compost due to decomposition of organic matter. a sequential extraction pr ...	2001	11444000
[genetic typing of german isolates of classical swine fever virus].	during the last decade several outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf) occurred in germany in domestic pigs and in wild boar, respectively. two major epidemics which also affected other eu member states were recorded. to support epidemiological investigations genetic typing was applied and virus isolates originating from different outbreaks in germany were assigned to groups and virus types. two genomic regions were selected for the phylogenetic analysis, namely 150 nucleotides from the 5' non- ...	2001	11449911
surgical organ perfusion method for gene transfer into cells of the perifollicular area of the spleen: an experimental trial on farm pigs.	in an attempt to develop a gene therapy method for splenic and systemic diseases, an evaluation was made of surgical methods for gene transfer into porcine spleen. we have developed a continuous closed-circuit organ perfusion method for gene transfer into porcine spleen. for gene transfer, we used a type-5 replication defective adenovirus vector expressing the e. coli beta-galactosidase gene as a reporter gene. in eight young 22-35 kg farm pigs, the spleen was perfused in vivo with the viral sol ...	2001	11465343
tracing nitrate transport and environmental impact from intensive swine farming using delta nitrogen-15.	natural-abundance delta15n showed that nitrate generated from commercial land application of swine (sus scrofa domesticus) waste within a north carolina coastal plain catchment was being discharged to surface waters by ground water passing beneath the sprayfields and adjacent riparian buffers. this was significant because intensive swine farms in north carolina are considered non-discharge operations, and riparian buffers with minimum widths of 7.6 m (25 ft) are the primary regulatory control on ...	2001	11476493
regional bone mass measurement from whole-body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan.	there are no data on the relative accuracy and precision of regional bone mass measurement from whole-body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) scans in small young subjects. twelve domestic swine piglets (2550-17,660 g) were scanned on a single-beam and on a fan beam densitometer using each humerus and femur as the region of interest to determine the validity of five different scan modes: two infant whole body (iwb), two spine, and one rat whole body (rwb) scan mode in the determination of re ...	2001	11477306
successful repair of esophageal injury using an elastin based biomaterial patch.	an esophageal injury with significant tissue loss is very difficult to repair. we conducted an in vivo study to test our elastin based acellular biomaterial patch to repair such defect. the patch was made from porcine aorta, by decellularization and sterilization. collagen fibers were preserved to retain mechanical strength and enhance cellular in-growth. ten domestic pigs underwent right thoracotomy. a 2 cm circular defect was made on the distal esophagus, excising half its circumference, and w ...	2001	11482483
effects of biphasic vs monophasic defibrillation on the scaling exponent in a swine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation.	mathematical analyses of ventricular fibrillation (vf) have resulted in the derivation of a measure termed the scaling exponent (sce) that characterizes the duration of vf and probability of defibrillation success. the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of biphasic defibrillation waveform (bdw) and monophasic defibrillation waveform (mdw) rescue shocks on sce in a swine model of prolonged vf.	2001	11483451
verification of good production practices that reduce the risk of exposure of pigs to trichinella.	control of trichinella infection in swine has traditionally been accomplished by inspection of individual carcasses or by post-slaughter processing to inactivate parasites. recent declines in prevalence of this parasite in domestic swine, coupled with improvements in swine management systems, offer the opportunity to document pork safety during the production phase. we report here on a certification pilot study using an audit to document good production practices for swine relative to the risk o ...	2001	11484365
evaluation of two pcr-based techniques for molecular epidemiology in finland, a high-endemic area with four sympatric trichinella species.	trichinella larvae collected from wildlife, domestic and synanthropic animals in finland were identified to species by two molecular techniques: random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and the recently described multiplex pcr. the rapd-pcr was very sensitive to the sub-optimal preservation muscle larvae and resulting in weak and smeared bands on the gels for such material. however, the same samples yielded easily recognizable bands in the multiplex pcr; this latte ...	2001	11484379
present status of trichinellosis in yugoslavia: serbia.	trichinellosis was recognized almost one century ago as a health and animal husbandry problem in serbia. in the last 10 years, trichinellosis has been expanding from three endemic regions (srem, macva and negotinska krajina) to neighbouring regions. the infection rate detected by veterinary inspection in 1999 year was 0.17% in slaughtered swines. simultaneously, the number of infected humans increased three-five times in comparison with the period 1980-1990. for instance, 555 individuals were re ...	2001	11484397
genetic relationship amongst the major non-coding regions of mitochondrial dnas in wild boars and several breeds of domesticated pigs.	we completed phylogenetic analysis of the major non-coding region of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from 159 animals of eight euro-american and six east asian domesticated pig breeds and 164 japanese and five european wild boars. a total of 62 mtdna haplotypes were detected. alignment of these regions revealed nucleotide variations (including gaps) at 73 positions, including 58 sites with transition nucleotide substitutions, and two transversion substitutions. phylogenetic analysis of the sequenc ...	2001	11493262
plasma melatonin levels in relation to the light-dark cycle and parental background in domestic pigs.	to study porcine melatonin secretion in a stable environment 3 daytime (10.00-15.00) and 3 nighttime (22.00-03.00) plasma samples were collected by jugular venipuncture from 15 gilts, 16 sows, 3 boars and 48 piglets (24 females and 24 males from 8 litters) and analysed for melatonin content. nighttime melatonin concentrations were higher than daytime melatonin concentrations (p < 0.001), whereas no effect of sampling order could be discerned. the 3 adult hampshire boars had higher melatonin conc ...	2001	11503374
local delivery of paclitaxel using the double-balloon perfusion catheter before stenting in the porcine coronary artery.	paclitaxel is a new cancer chemotherapeutic agent that has been approved for clinical use in patients with a variety of different cancers. paclitaxel inhibits cell proliferation by an action on microtubules. the aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of locally delivered paclitaxel after coronary stent implantation. a novel double-balloon perfusion catheter was used to deliver the drug locally in the pig coronary artery. twenty-seven domestic pigs underwent stent implantation ...	2001	11515014
veterinary aspects of alveolar echinococcosis--a zoonosis of public health significance.	human alveolar echinococcosis (ae), caused by the metacestode stage of echinococcus multilocularis, is a serious zoonosis which caused up to 100% lethality in untreated patients before the 1970s, when modern methods of treatment were not yet established. ae occurs in large areas of the northern hemisphere mostly with low country-wide prevalences, but high prevalences of up to 4% have been reported from small population groups in highly endemic foci, e.g. from china. ae includes many veterinary a ...	2001	11516580
improving standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation with an inspiratory impedance threshold valve in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.	to improve the efficiency of standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr), we evaluated the potential value of impeding respiratory gas exchange selectively during the decompression phase of standard cpr in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation. after 6 min of untreated cardiac arrest, anesthetized farm pigs weighing 30 kg were randomized to be treated with either standard cpr with a sham valve (n = 11) or standard cpr plus a functional inspiratory impedance threshold valve (itv(tm)) (n = ...	2001	11524335
coronary vasa vasorum neovascularization precedes epicardial endothelial dysfunction in experimental hypercholesterolemia.	experimental hypercholesterolemia is associated with vasa vasorum neovascularization, unknown to occur before or after initial lesion formation. thus, this study was performed to determine the temporal course of neovascularization of coronary vasa vasorum in relation to endothelial dysfunction, a hallmark of early atherosclerosis.	2001	11530109
study of lobation and vascularization of the lungs of wild boar (sus scrofa).	the purpose of this study was to describe the anatomy of the lungs of wild boars for comparison with those of domestic swine. it was found that the right lung of the wild boar is divided into four lobes: cranial, median, caudal and accessory, whereas the left lung is divided into two lobes: cranial and caudal. in 93.4% of the cases, right pulmonary artery separates into the ascendant, descendant, median, accessory and caudal branches. in 73.3% of the cases, left pulmonary artery separates most f ...	2001	11534325
sarcocystis miescheriana infection in domestic pigs (sus scrofa) in the philippines.	sarcocystis miescheriana sarcocysts were identified in skeletal muscles of 9 (27%) of 33 swine slaughtered for human consumption. sarcocysts were 144-180 microm x 20-38 microm in size. ultrastructurally, the cyst wall resembled the type 10 sarcocyst wall. the villar protrusions (vp) were 3-4.5 microm long and 0.6-1.2 microm wide and had prominent longitudinally arranged microtubules extending from the vp tips to the granular layer (=ground substance). the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane with i ...	2001	11534668
oxidative state and histological changes in muscles of mastication after conditioning training.	stress due to endurance training of striated muscles leads to adaptive changes in the distribution of muscle fiber types (i.e. ratio of type i and type ii fibers). moreover, severe training leads to tissue hypoxia and oxidative stress in muscles. in the current study, we examined the relationship between histological changes and oxidative state in muscles of mastication during the acute adaptation phase to a sustained muscle load. six domestic pigs received build-ups on the molar teeth in order ...	2001	11370740
inhibition of nitric oxide improves coronary perfusion pressure and return of spontaneous circulation in a porcine cardiopulmonary resuscitation model.	during spontaneous circulation, nonspecific inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by n(g)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name) increases systemic vascular resistance and, therefore, mean arterial pressure. if this effect can be extrapolated to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr), administering l-name during cpr may be beneficial by maintaining or even improving coronary perfusion pressure, and hence successful defibrillation.	2001	11373408
localization of nadph-diaphorase activity in the pineal gland of the domestic pig.	the study showed the presence of nadph-diaphorase containing structures in the pineal gland of the domestic pig. nadph-diaphorase activity was found in the nerve fibers and in the endothelial cells of the vasculature. the nerve fibers were localized in the capsule, around the blood vessels as well as in the parenchyma. the positive staining was not observed in the pig pinealocytes.	2001	11374815
birth weight variation in the domestic pig: effects on offspring survival, weight gain and suckling behaviour.	in domestic pigs, litter-mates often vary considerably in birth weight. to examine whether this size variation influences piglet survival, weight gain and suckling behaviour, we experimentally manipulated the number and size distribution of litter-mates in 51 litters. litters were small (eight or nine piglets) or large (11 or 12 piglets) compared to the herd mean of 10 piglets, and were made more or less variable in weight by using the largest and smallest quartiles of two combined litters (vari ...	2001	11376836
are macrophages involved in early myocardial reperfusion injury?	neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes in the early stages of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion response and are also implicated in the development of tissue damage. this study examined the role of recruited macrophages in the evolution of this tissue injury.	2001	11383806
transgenic porcine valves show no signs of delayed cardiac xenograft rejection.	glutaraldehyde fixation stiffens the structural integrity of porcine valves, although the solution also destroys tissue viability and accelerates calcification. recently, we demonstrated that fresh cardiac valves from domestic pigs do not express the galactose alpha1, 3 galactose (alpha-gal) antigen and may be immunologically unique. the absence of alpha-gal explained why the valves remained pristine while the rest of the porcine heart was destroyed by primate immunoglobulin m (igm) and compleme ...	2001	11388231
decreased porcine valve antigenicity with in vitro culture.	porcine valvular prostheses may stimulate inflammation after implantation, with resultant accelerated structural degeneration. we investigated the expression of porcine major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii molecules on valve leaflets and the possibility of decreasing valve antigenicity with in vitro culture.	2001	11388232
rearrangement of the genes of vesicular stomatitis virus eliminates clinical disease in the natural host: new strategy for vaccine development.	gene expression among the nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses is controlled by distance from the single transcriptional promoter, so the phenotypes of these viruses can be systematically manipulated by gene rearrangement. we examined the potential of gene rearrangement as a means to develop live attenuated vaccine candidates against vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in domestic swine, a natural host for this virus. the results showed that moving the nucleocapsid protein gene away from the si ...	2001	11390612
hepatic oxygen exchange and energy metabolism in hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia: effects of the combined thromboxane receptor antagonist and synthase inhibitor dttx30.	we compared the effects of thromboxane receptor antagonist and synthase inhibitor dttx30 on systemic and liver blood flow, oxygen (o2) exchange and energy metabolism during 24 h of hyperdynamic endotoxemia with untreated endotoxemia.	2001	11396287
a comparison of biphasic and monophasic waveform defibrillation after prolonged ventricular fibrillation.	to compare the effects of biphasic defibrillation waveforms and conventional monophasic defibrillation waveforms on the success of initial defibrillation, postresuscitation myocardial function, and duration of survival after prolonged duration of untreated ventricular fibrillation (vf), including the effects of epinephrine.	2001	11555534
ventriculocoronary artery bypass results using a mesh-tipped device in a porcine model.	in this report we describe the in vivo evaluation of a device and ventriculocoronary artery bypass procedure that creates a permanent transmyocardial channel between the left ventricle and a coronary artery.	2001	11565716
linear prediction coding analysis and self-organizing feature map as tools to classify stress calls of domestic pigs (sus scrofa).	it is assumed that calls may give information about the inner (emotional) state of an animal. hence, in the last years sound analysis has become an increasingly important tool for the interpretation of the behavior, the health condition, and the well-being of animals. a procedure was developed that allows the characterization, classification, and visualization of the cluster structures of stress calls of domestic pigs (sus scrofa). based on the acoustic model of the sound production the extracti ...	2001	11572353
molecular epidemiology of classical swine fever in italy.	to gain an insight into the molecular epidemiology of classical swine fever (csf) in italy, virus isolates originating from outbreaks that occurred between 1985 and 2000 in wild boar or in domestic pigs in mainland italy and in sardinia were analysed by genetic typing. for this, a fragment (190 nucleotides) of the e2 glycoprotein gene was sequenced and phylogenetic analyses were performed, including older italian isolates and isolates from recent outbreaks in europe for comparison. the results s ...	2001	11574170
african swine fever virus infection of porcine aortic endothelial cells leads to inhibition of inflammatory responses, activation of the thrombotic state, and apoptosis.	african swine fever (asf) is an asymptomatic infection of warthogs and bushpigs, which has become an emergent disease of domestic pigs, characterized by hemorrhage, lymphopenia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. it is caused by a large icosohedral double-stranded dna virus, african swine fever virus (asfv), with infection of macrophages well characterized in vitro and in vivo. this study shows that virulent isolates of asfv also infect primary cultures of porcine aortic endothelial cel ...	2001	11581405
melatonin potentiates the vasoconstrictive effect of noradrenaline in renal artery from newborn hooded seals (cystophora cristata) and harp seals (phoca groenlandica).	isometric tension was recorded by force displacement transducers in ring segments of the inferior branch of the renal artery from newborn hooded seals (cystophora cristata, n=6), harp seals (phoca groenlandica, n=3) and domestic pigs (sus scrofa f. domestica, n=5). arterial segments were mounted in heated organ baths and exposed to graded concentrations of noradrenaline (na) and adrenaline (a), alone or together with melatonin. the melatonin concentration in the bath was similar to the plasma co ...	2001	11585261
laparoscopic bladder flap ureteral reimplantation: survival porcine study.	the bladder or boari flap is a useful technique for ureteroneocystostomy when the distal ureter is too short to reach the bladder without undue tension. we report our experience with laparoscopic boari flap ureteroneocystostomy in the chronic porcine model.	2001	11586261
cytochrome b gene for species identification of the conservation animals.	a partial dna sequence of cytochrome b gene was used to identify the remains of endangered animals and species endemic to taiwan. the conservation of animals species included in this study were: the formosan gem-faced civets, leopard cats, tigers, clouded leopards, lion, formosan muntjacs, formosan sika deers, formosan sambars, formosan serows, water buffalo, formosan pangolins and formosan macaques. the control species used included domestic cats, domestic dogs, domestic sheeps, domestic cattle ...	2001	11587860
comparison of aerosolized gadoteridol and gadopentetate dimeglumine for magnetic resonance ventilation imaging of the lung.	the purpose of this study was to compare aerosolized gadoteridol and gadopentetate dimeglumine in regard to homogeneity of aerosol distribution and relative pulmonary signal intensity (si) changes after a 10-min mechanical ventilation period. twenty experimental procedures were performed in 10 intubated domestic pigs that were mechanically aerosolized with the nebulized contrast medium. images were obtained by using a respiratory-gated t(1)-weighted tse sequence. pulmonary si increase for the ri ...	2001	11590658
three-dimensional mr pulmonary perfusion imaging and angiography with an injection of a new blood pool contrast agent b-22956/1.	initial evaluation of a new blood pool agent, b-22956/1, for pulmonary imaging was performed in five domestic pigs with artificial embolism. pre-embolism 3d pulmonary perfusion images were first acquired by injecting an extravascular agent, gadoteridol. the pulmonary arteries of the pigs were then occluded by the artificial emboli. post-embolism perfusion scans were subsequently performed by injecting b-22956/1. additional post-embolism high-spatial-resolution angiograms were also acquired. pare ...	2001	11599067
[intravascular detection of myocardial ischemia by spectrometry in the near infrared spectrum in experimental animals].	interruption of oxygen supply in acute myocardial ischaemia reduces venous return of oxygen at the coronary sinus. in this study, the oxygen content of venous return in the coronary sinus was measured by using spectrometry in the near infrared spectrum. the authors developed a new intravascular catheter made of fibre optics. after in vitro calibration by blood flow based on a standard gas mixture used in in vitro experiment, an in vivo application in 12 domestic pigs was undertaken. the catheter ...	2001	11603075
methyl-beta-cyclodextrin: an alternative carrier for intravenous infusion of palmitate during tracer studies in swine (sus scrofa domestica).	fatty acid-free albumin has been the standard carrier for intravenous infusion of fatty acids to study in vivo lipid metabolism. however, subjects can have adverse reactions to infusion of albumin. we sought an alternative to albumin as a carrier for intravenous infusion of fatty acids, using the pig as a model. cyclodextrins are naturally occurring water-soluble molecules that can serve as carriers for lipid-soluble compounds. 13c-palmitate was complexed to either 20% methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, ...	2001	11672683
revascularisation of costochondral grafts: an experimental study in domestic pigs.	mandibular condyles are reconstructed immediately with costochondral grafts (ccgs) in children for several temporomandibular conditions, including ankylosis, benign neoplasia, and chronic arthritis. a prerequisite for growth of ccgs is that they are properly revascularised, but the revascularisation process has not to our knowledge so far been examined. the aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the revascularisation of ccgs when they were used for immediate reconstruction of the ...	2001	11680393
growth of costochondral grafts in reconstruction of the mandibular condyle: an experimental study in domestic pigs.	reconstruction of the mandibular condyle with costochondral grafts (ccgs) in children may result in overgrowth at the reconstructed side of the mandible. in this study we report on the effects of functional stimuli on growth and morphology of growth plates of ccgs used for immediate mandibular condyle replacement in 10 juvenile pigs. the mandibular condyles were resected unilaterally and immediately reconstructed with autogenous ccgs. another ccg was placed submuscularly on one tibia. the length ...	2001	11680394
experimental evaluation of photocrosslinkable chitosan as a biologic adhesive with surgical applications.	in various surgical cases, effective tissue adhesives are required for both hemostasis (eg, intraoperative bleeding) and air sealing (eg, thoracic surgery). we have designed a chitosan molecule (az-ch-la) that can be photocrosslinked by ultraviolet (uv) light irradiation, thereby forming a hydrogel. the purpose of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the photocrosslinkable chitosan hydrogel as an adhesive with surgical applications.	2001	11685194
morphometric characterization of the airway and vascular systems of the lung of the domestic pig, sus scrofa: comparison of the airway, arterial and venous systems.	the bronchial system (bs), the pulmonary artery (pa) and the pulmonary vein (pv) of the lung of the domestic pig, sus scrofa were simultaneously cast with silicone rubber and studied. asymmetrical dichotomous bifurcation preponderated in the tree-like arrangement of the three conducting systems. lengths and diameters of the various generations were measured. at the extremities of the bs and the pa, alveoli and blood capillaries related very closely. in the cranial and middle lobes of the right a ...	2001	11691614
morphological and histochemical characteristics of the lamina propria in scrotal and abdominal testes from postpubertal boars: correlation with the appearance of the seminiferous epithelium.	this study was undertaken to investigate the morphological characteristics and lectin affinity of the testicular lamina propria in healthy boars and in unilateral and bilateral abdominal cryptorchid boars. the lamina propria of scrotal testes from healthy boars and unilateral cryptorchid boars was constituted by an innermost noncellular layer, the basal lamina, and by 2 layers of peritubular cells, each separated by a fibrous layer. the noncellular layers contained collagen fibres and glycoconju ...	2001	11693304
acceptability of local made baits for oral vaccination of dogs against rabies in the philippines.		2001	11696244
transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with an autologous vein-covered stent: results in a swine model.	to investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of an autologous vein-covered stent (avcs) to prevent shunt stenosis in a porcine transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) model.	2001	11698634
selective aortic arch perfusion with hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201 for resuscitation from exsanguinating cardiac arrest in swine.	the prospects for resuscitation after blunt traumatic cardiac arrest are dismal. selective aortic arch perfusion (saap) with a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (hboc-201) offers a potentially effective therapy. this study evaluated the acute cardiovascular and metabolic effects of saap with hboc-201 in an exsanguination model of cardiac arrest.	2001	11700396
the pattern of melatonin secretion is rhythmic in the domestic pig and responds rapidly to changes in daylength.	the aim of the study was to investigate the capability of pigs to respond to abrupt changes in lighting conditions by means of alterations in circadian melatonin profiles. sixteen pre-pubertal crossbred male pigs weighing 40-45 kg were housed in individual pens in four temperature- and lighting-controlled climate rooms (four pigs per room). in two rooms there was a light-dark cycle of 16 l:8 d (group a) and in two other rooms 8 l:16 d (group b). under both lighting regimens light intensity at pi ...	2001	11703557
triggered electromyographic threshold for accuracy of thoracic pedicle screw placement in a porcine model.	a porcine model of thoracic pedicle screw insertion was used to determine the effect of screw position on triggered electromyographic response.	2001	11707715
comparison of renal ablation with cryotherapy, dry radiofrequency, and saline augmented radiofrequency in a porcine model.	needle ablative therapy has recently generated a lot of interest in the urologic community. we compare renal lesions produced in a porcine model using three forms of needle ablative energy: cryoablation (cr), dry radiofrequency (rf), and saline augmented radiofrequency (sarf).	2001	11708507
detection of porcine bone lesions and fissures: comparing digital selenium, digital luminescence, and analog film-screen radiography.	the purpose of our study was to compare the diagnostic performance of a digital selenium detector (thoravision) with that of analog film-screen systems and digital luminescence radiography in skeletal radiography for the detection of fissures and lesions in porcine bones.	2001	11717093
plasma epinephrine levels after epinephrine administration using different tracheal administration techniques in an adult cpr porcine model.	the aim of the study was to compare arterial plasma epinephrine levels after tracheal epinephrine application using three different tracheal instillation techniques at different tracheal levels in a porcine adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation model. in the prospective, randomized study, electrically-induced cardiopulmonary arrest was applied to 32 anaesthetized and paralyzed domestic pigs. after 3 min of cardiopulmonary arrest and 2 min of external chest compressions using a pneumatic compressio ...	2001	11719136
effects of epinephrine in a pig model of hypothermic cardiac arrest and closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with active rewarming.	the aim of the current study was to assess the effects of epinephrine in a pig model of hypothermic cardiac arrest followed by closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with active rewarming, simulating the clinical management of an arrested hypothermic patient in a hospital without cardiopulmonary bypass facilities.	2001	11719160
spinal cord metabolism during thoracic aortic cross-clamping in pigs with special reference to the effect of allopurinol.	investigate the metabolic response of the spinal cord and the effect of allopurinol following cross clamping of the descending thoracic aorta in a porcine model.	2001	11735178
use of a cardiocerebral-protective drug cocktail prior to countershock in a porcine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation.	this was the third study in a series exploring whether the use of combination pharmacotherapy with delayed countershock would produce higher rates of return of spontaneous circulation (rosc) and one-hour survival when compared with standard advanced cardiac life support (acls) therapy in prolonged ventricular fibrillation (vf).	2001	11738783
[interstitial t1-weighted mr lymphography with use of the dendritic contrast agent gadomer-17 in pigs].	to investigate the enhancement of regional lymph nodes, lymph vessels and the thoracic duct after subcutaneous administration of the dendritic contrast agent gadomer-17.	2001	11740675
pancreatic tissue perfusion in experimental acute pancreatitis.	to investigate pancreatic tissue perfusion and oxygenation in severe and mild experimental acute pancreatitis in pigs.	2001	11759740
demodex phylloides (acari, demodecidae) as a specific parasite of sus scrofa (mammalia, artiodactyla).	within 1994-2000, sections of skin collected from eleven areas on the body of 650 wild boars and 85 pigs living in the northern poland and in the great poland were examined. the d. phylloides infestation in the wild boar was observed to be very heavy (prevalence 32%, mean intensity 74 ind.). in contrast, the domestic pig turned out to be free of the parasite. the wild boar d. phylloides infestations are symptomless. the parasite is relatively rare in the domestic pig, although the high animal de ...	2001	16886429
the effect of continuous darkness and illumination on the function and the morphology of the pineal gland in the domestic pig. part i: the effect on plasma melatonin level.	objectives: results of the majority of studies have revealed that diurnal changes in circulating melatonin level in the domestic pig differ from the typical patterns observed in other species. the aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of continuous darkness and continuous illumination on plasma melatonin in the pig. material and methods: the study was performed on three groups of immature gilts. the first group was kept under 14hrs light:10hrs dark cycle (500 lx of fluorescent ...	2000	11455360
the effect of continuous darkness and illumination on the function and the morphology of the pineal gland in the domestic pig. part ii: the effect on pinealocyte ultrastructure.	objectives: the characteristic feature of the pig pinealocytes is the presence of numerous membrane bounded bodies (mbb), which according to our previous results may be involved in the secretory activity. the present study was undertaken to analyze the effect of continuous darkness and illumination on the ultrastructure of the pig pinealocytes. material and methods: the study was performed on three groups of gilts. the first group (control) was kept under a cycle of 14hrs light (500 lx) and 10hr ...	2000	11455361
[effects of stress level on the biomechanical behavior of the temporomandibular joint disc in domestic pigs].	this study aimed to examine the responses of the temporomandibular joint (tmj) disc against compression, to clarify the property of viscoelasticity and permeability of the disc, and to provide experimental data for further analyzing the mechanism of stress dissipation within the tmj disc. with the use of confined compression mechanics and biphasic theory, creep experiments on eight tmj discs of four domestic pigs were performed under three stress levels(0.07 mpa, 0.13 mpa and 0.30 mpa). the resu ...	2000	11211829
age differences in thickness of the epidermis of miniature and domestic swine.		2000	11200562
median effective dose determination and histologic characterization of porcine (sus scrofa domestica) dermal lesions induced by 1540-nm laser radiation pulses.	light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (laser) systems operating in the so-called "eye safe" region are gaining widespread use in industry, medicine, and military applications. this research effort was geared to study the effects of laser tissue interaction on human skin by using in vivo porcine skin as an animal model. the goals of the study were to determine the median effective dose (ed50) for 1540-nm laser exposures, to evaluate the yorkshire pig and the yucatan mini-pig as ...	2000	11200570
no evidence of infection with porcine endogenous retrovirus in recipients of encapsulated porcine islet xenografts.	transplantation of pig tissues into humans has the potential for cotransferring pig infections. knowledge of the epidemiology of pig infections transmissible to humans allows the development of risk limitation strategies at the source herd level, but potentially infectious pig endogenous retrovirus (perv) is ubiquitous in all domestic pigs and therefore is not avoidable. using a specific and sensitive rt-pcr and nested pcr for perv nucleic acids with primers, the screening of pigs from new zeala ...	2000	11202575
streptococcus suis meningitis, a poacher's risk.	streptococcus suis infection is a zoonosis that has been mainly reported in pig-rearing and pork-consuming countries. the most common disease manifestation is meningitis, often associated with cochleovestibular signs. the causative agent is streptococcus suis serotype 2, found as a commensal in the tonsils of its natural host, the pig. persons at risk are mostly those with an occupational exposure to domestic pigs or their meat products. a case of meningitis caused by streptococcus suis in a poa ...	2000	11205632
perinatal ontogeny of brain growth in the domestic pig.	the perinatal development of the brain is highlighted by a growth spurt whose timing varies among species. the growth of the porcine cerebrum was investigated from the third trimester of gestation (70 days postconception) through the first 3.5 weeks of postnatal life (140 days postconception). the shape of the growth curves for cerebrum weight, total protein mass, total cell number (estimated by dna content), and myelination (estimated by cholesterol accretion) were described. the growth velocit ...	2000	10632968
combination pharmacotherapy with delayed countershock vs standard advanced cardiac life support after prolonged ventricular fibrillation.	to test the hypothesis that combination pharmacotherapy with delayed countershock would produce higher rates of return of spontaneous circulation (rosc) and one-hour survival when compared with standard advanced cardiac life support (acls) therapy.	2000	10634280
selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors reduce ureteral contraction in vitro: a better alternative for renal colic?	to quantitate the effects of a selective cyclooxygenase (cox)-2 inhibitor, ns-398, on porcine and human ureteral contractility in vitro.	2000	10647695
pre-ovulatory graafian follicles are cooler than neighbouring stroma in pig ovaries.	using an infra-red camera, domestic pig ovaries were thermo-imaged almost instantaneously at laparotomy or within a closed abdomen by endoscopy. rectal and jugular vein temperatures were recorded using thermo-probes. graafian follicles (7-10 mm diameter) were cooler than ovarian stroma in all experimental models examined, and both compartments were cooler than rectal and jugular temperatures. the mean difference between follicles and stroma in 73 observations was 1.3 +/- 0.1 degrees c. when ther ...	2000	10655296
prevalence of antibody to hepatitis e virus among rodents in the united states.	the recent identification of antibody to hepatitis e virus (hev) in pigs, sheep, and cattle and characterization of an hev isolated from domestic pigs suggest animal reservoirs for this virus. to investigate whether rodents might be a natural reservoir of hev, the prevalence of anti-hev was determined among a variety of species throughout the united states. serum samples were obtained from 806 rodents of 26 species in 15 genera. anti-hev prevalence was assessed by 2 eias (mosaic protein- and 55- ...	2000	10669325
intestinal perfusion during pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and nitric oxide during laparoscopic surgery.	to find out what effect insufflation pressure and type of gas have on intestinal perfusion during pneumoperitoneum.	2000	10688221
thoracoscopic transdiaphragmatic nephrectomy: feasibility study.	large-sized upper pole renal or adrenal tumors are often excised by the open thoracoabdominal approach. as an adjunct to existing transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopic approaches, we explore a novel minimally invasive technique, the thoracoscopic transdiaphragmatic approach, for performing nephrectomy.	2000	10699634
prevention of small airway obliteration in a swine heterotopic lung allograft model.	in our swine model of obliterative bronchiolitis preventing obliteration by the standard immunosuppression with cyclosporine, methylprednisolone, and azathioprine was not successful. the purpose of this study was to test the ability of a new immunosuppressive regimen to prevent alloimmune reaction and obliteration of the allografts. this regimen includes the novel macrolide sdz rad, i.e., 40-o-(2hydroxyethyl)-rapamycin.	2000	10703697
a practical method for non-surgically inserting intra-arterial catheters in european wild boars (sus scrofa).	in endocrinological studies, the usual methods for taking blood samples are impractical because of the need for frequent sampling, and catheterization is required. the catheterization methods described for domestic pigs are not suitable for use with european wild boars (sus scrofa) under field conditions. we describe a method for inserting an intra-arterial catheter into the european wild boar. the animals were sedated with a combination of medetomidin (domitor 1 mg/ml, orion-farmos, finland) an ...	2000	10703751
feeding patterns of three sympatric tsetse species (glossina spp.) (diptera: glossinidae) in the preforest zone of côte d'ivoire.	the feeding patterns of glossina longipalpis wiedemann 1830, g. medicorum austen 1911, g. palpalis gambiensis vanderplank 1949 and g. p. palpalis robineau-desvoidy 1830 are described from natural habitats in central côte d'ivoire where these tsetse species occurred sympatrically. blood-meal identification of tsetse flies revealed that in natural habitats wild ruminants were by far the most frequent source of food for each glossina species, but there were significant differences between the nutri ...	2000	10708012
the role of inflammatory mediators in the mechanism of the host immune response induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury.	our previous study suggested that inflammatory mediators released due to iri lead to host's immune response by upregulating mhc ii in the host's peripheral t lymphocytes. this study hypothesized the role of platelet-activating factor (paf) in the mechanism of induced mhc ii upregulation due to iri on peripheral t lymphocytes. the objectives of this study were to investigate the role of paf in the induction of host immune reactivity and the protective effect of paf-antagonist tcv-309 in combinati ...	2000	10709843
social tactics of pigs in a competitive foraging task: the 'informed forager' paradigm.	studies of the social dynamics in foraging groups have focused primarily on birds, rodents and nonhuman primates. we extended the study of animal social tactics to the domestic pig, sus scrofa, by using an experimental analogue of natural foraging skills, the 'informed forager' paradigm. we investigated the behaviour of 16 pigs foraging in pairs in an arena in which food had been hidden in one of eight monopolizable buckets. before each pair trial, one of the pigs, the 'informed' pig, was given ...	2000	10715179
vaccination of domestic pig with recombinant paramyosin. against schistosoma japonicum in china.	paramyosin (pm), a myosin-like protein is a major antigen on schistosoma japonicum (sj). we reported that passive transfer of a monoclonal ige sje18varepsilon.1 which recognizes pm of sj (sjpm), partially protected mice from challenge infection. in the present study, we developed an experimental model system of schistosomiasis japonica with domestic pigs in china and used it for the evaluation of vaccination with recombinant sjpm (rsjpm). sixteen-week-old pigs were successfully infected by derma ...	2000	10715529
associations between genetics, farm characteristics and clinical disease in field outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.	porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) is a disease of domestic swine characterized by exceptionally high clinical variability. this study addresses the question of whether clinical variability in prrs results from (a) genetic variation among viral isolates and/or (b) variation in management practices among farms on which isolates are found. genetic data (open reading frame 5 gene sequences) and data on farm characteristics and associated clinical disease signs were collected for 6 ...	2000	10718497
evolution of the neuropeptide y receptor family: gene and chromosome duplications deduced from the cloning and mapping of the five receptor subtype genes in pig.	neuropeptide y (npy) receptors mediate a variety of physiological responses including feeding and vasoconstriction. to investigate the evolutionary events that have generated this receptor family, we have sequenced and determined the chromosomal localizations of all five presently known mammalian npy receptor subtype genes in the domestic pig, sus scrofa (ssc). the orthologs of the y(1) and y(2) subtypes display high amino acid sequence identities between pig, human, and mouse (92%-94%), whereas ...	2000	10720571
nitrous oxide fraction in the carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy under general inhaled anesthesia in pigs.	during prolonged laparoscopy, the diffusion of other gases in the carbon dioxide (co(2)) pneumoperitoneum may lessen its safety. nitrous oxide (n(2)o)/co(2) gas mixtures may become hazardous with regard to gas embolization and fire risk. we therefore evaluated the kinetics of pneumoperitoneal intrusion of n(2)o. in five anesthetized domestic pigs, controlled ventilation, with an initial fraction of inspired oxygen = 1.0, was adjusted to keep etco(2) pressure between 35 and 45 mm hg. the peritone ...	2000	10735805
the origin of the domestic pig: independent domestication and subsequent introgression.	the domestic pig originates from the eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa). we have sequenced mitochondrial dna and nuclear genes from wild and domestic pigs from asia and europe. clear evidence was obtained for domestication to have occurred independently from wild boar subspecies in europe and asia. the time since divergence of the ancestral forms was estimated at approximately 500,000 years, well before domestication approximately 9,000 years ago. historical records indicate that asian pigs were in ...	2000	10747069
specific angiotensin ii receptor blockage improves intestinal perfusion during graded hypovolemia in pigs.	to investigate the potential of specific angiotensin ii subtype 1 (at1) receptor blockade to modify the mesenteric hemodynamic response to acute hypovolemia and retransfusion.	2000	10752835
disturbed enamel formation in wild boars (sus scrofa l.) from fluoride polluted areas in central europe.	the pathological alterations of enamel structure in the teeth of wild boars from fluoride polluted areas in n-bohemia (czech republic) and s-saxony (germany) were studied on a macroscopic and a microscopic level. mandibular bone fluoride concentration (mg f(-)/kg, dry wt; mean +/-sd, individuals <24 months of age) in the specimens from n-bohemia (754.3+/-149.6) and s-saxony (490.8+/-135.1) was significantly higher than that of controls (free of dental fluorosis), originating from the western par ...	2000	10760739
the tübingen balloon. a new method for adjusting the tension of the fundic wrap during laparoscopic nissen fundoplication.	an adequate fundic wrap is fundamental to the success of conventional and laparoscopic nissen fundoplications. nevertheless, up to now there has been no standardized method for the surgeon to determine intraoperatively the width and tension of the fundic wrap according to objective criteria. with the support of rüsch (kernen, germany), we developed a measurement balloon for use in laparoscopic nissen fundoplication. the balloon allows the surgeon to define the width of the wrap and predetermine ...	2000	10790560
introduction to porcine red blood cells: implications for xenotransfusion.	advances in the field of xenotransplantation raise the intriguing possibility of using porcine red blood cells (prbcs) as an alternative source for blood transfusion. the domestic pig is considered the most likely donor species for xenotransplantation. however, identification of xenoantigens on porcine erythrocytes and elucidation of their possible roles in antibody-mediated rbc destruction are necessary for developing clinical strategies to circumvent immunological incompatibility between human ...	2000	10791883
mixing at young ages reduces fighting in unacquainted domestic pigs.	under normal farming practices, piglets from different litters are often mixed around the time of weaning, and a high incidence of fighting and minor injuries often occur. the aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of age on the incidence of fighting in piglets mixed before weaning, at different ages between 5 and 26 days. we found no significant relationship between age and the likelihood that a pair of piglets would fight during the first 75 min after mixing. however, the duration ...	2000	10804264
effects of vasopressin and epinephrine on splanchnic blood flow and renal function during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.	to compare the effects of vasopressin versus epinephrine on splanchnic blood flow during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr), and to evaluate the effects of these vasopressors on renal function in the postresuscitation phase.	2000	10809287
vasopressin decreases endogenous catecholamine plasma concentrations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vasopressin vs. saline placebo on catecholamine plasma concentrations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr).	2000	10809289
effect of phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation on myocardial and cerebral blood flow in pigs.	this study was designed to assess the effects of a phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) device, lifestick, vs. standard cpr on vital organ blood flow in a porcine cpr model.	2000	10809291
bradykinin b2-receptor antagonism attenuates fatal cardiocirculatory breakdown induced by severe experimental pancreatitis.	to investigate the impact of the long-acting bradykinin b2 receptor antagonist hoe 140 (icatibant) on survival time in a model of severe porcine pancreatitis.	2000	10809293
pharmacokinetics and in vivo effects of a six-base phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide with anticancer and hematopoietic activities in swine.	a short phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide telomere mimic with the sequence 5'-d(ttaggg)-3', tag-6, has been shown to inhibit telomerase activity and have antineoplastic and hematopoietic stimulatory properties. in this study, three immature male domestic swine (weighing approximately 40 kg) were administered 200 mg/m2 of tag-6 by continuous intravascular infusion at rates of 0.48 +/- 0.07 mg/hr for 14 days to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and tissue distribution. there was conside ...	2000	10813533
somatostatin and somatostatin receptors in the pig pineal gland during postnatal development: an immunocytochemical study.	an immunohistochemical study of the pineal gland of the domestic pig was carried out using rabbit antisera raised against synthetic peptide fragments corresponding to different amino acid sequences of the prosomatostatin, the somatostatin-14, and the somatostatin-28 molecule. the study was supplemented by immunohistochemical staining with rabbit antisera raised against five subtypes of somatostatin receptors. the pineal glands were taken from the newborn, 21-day-old and 7-month-old pigs. immunor ...	2000	10820316
[dynamics and genetic determination of transformation of alpha macroglobulins allogroups in different populations of domestic pigs].	the results of genetic studies of transformation of alpha-macroglobullin (am) allogroups (i.e., fixed allotype combinations) in pigs are presented. population and hybridization studies showed that the phenomenon discovered was based on activation/inactivation of the ami allotype expression, which depended on the genetic environment and interlocus relationships. genetic and selection bases, as well as the significance of the transformation phenomenon described, are discussed.	2000	10822815
vasopressin-mediated adrenocorticotropin release increases plasma cortisol concentrations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.	vasopressin is a possible stimulus for both adrenocorticotropin (acth) and endothelin-1 release. the aim of this study was to compare plasma concentrations of acth, cortisol, and endothelin-1 after epinephrine or vasopressin administration in an experimental animal model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr).	2000	11057810
radio-frequency electrocautery ablation of mammary tissue in swine.	to establish the size, configuration, and histopathologic features of acute, subacute, and chronic radio-frequency (rf) electrocautery of mammary tissue in swine.	2000	11058648
transdermal formulations of deprenyl: guinea pig and pig models.	the efficacy of many drugs relies on their presence at the site of action over a period of time. the retardation or programmed release capability of the conventional dosage forms like oral and parenteral are limited and toxic and undesired side-effects may occur after their applications. these problems may be solved using transdermal delivery systems. transdermal systems are aimed for local, or systemic action. in the letter case controlling the rate of delivery or modulating the distribution in ...	2000	11061212
ventriculocoronary artery bypass (vcab), a novel approach to myocardial revascularization.	the long-term patency rate of saphenous vein grafts for myocardial revascularization is poor (50% at 10 years). half of the patent grafts develop severe atherosclerosis. in this paper, we report on an implantation technique and an in vivo evaluation of a device that creates a ventriculocoronary artery bypass (vcab), a permanent transmyocardial channel between the left ventricle and a coronary artery.	2000	11064547
s-nitrosoglutathione reduces nonocclusive thrombosis rate following balloon overstretch injury and intracoronary irradiation of porcine coronary arteries.	intracoronary radiation (ir) suppresses neointima formation following balloon injury in animal models. high doses of radiation exacerbate thrombosis and delay re-endothelialization. the free radical nitric oxide (no) has been reported to inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce neointimal hyperplasia, and stimulate re-endothelialization. this study examined the effects of a chemical no donor on neointima formation, thrombosis, and healing of irradiated porcine coronary arteries.	2000	11072176