Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| neurotropic virus infections as the cause of immediate and delayed neuropathology. | a wide range of viruses from different virus families in different geographical areas, may cause immediate or delayed neuropathological changes and neurological manifestations in humans and animals. infection by neurotropic viruses as well as the resulting immune response can irreversibly disrupt the complex structural and functional architecture of the central nervous system, frequently leaving the patient or affected animal with a poor or fatal prognosis. mechanisms that govern neuropathogenes ... | 2015 | 26659576 |
| dissecting vectorial capacity for mosquito-borne viruses. | the inter-relationship between mosquitoes and the viruses they transmit is complex. while previously understood barriers to infection and transmission remain valid, additional factors have been uncovered that suggest an 'arms race' between mosquito and virus. these include the mosquito microbiota and interplay between mosquito and viral genetics. following an infectious blood meal, the mosquito mounts an immune and transcriptional response, leading to altered expression of multiple genes. these ... | 2015 | 26569343 |
| loss of glycosaminoglycan receptor binding after mosquito cell passage reduces chikungunya virus infectivity. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that can cause fever and chronic arthritis in humans. chikv that is generated in mosquito or mammalian cells differs in glycosylation patterns of viral proteins, which may affect its replication and virulence. herein, we compare replication, pathogenicity, and receptor binding of chikv generated in vero cells (mammal) or c6/36 cells (mosquito) through a single passage. we demonstrate that mosquito cell-derived chikv (chikv mos) has s ... | 2015 | 26484530 |
| tissue barriers to arbovirus infection in mosquitoes. | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) circulate in nature between arthropod vectors and vertebrate hosts. arboviruses often cause devastating diseases in vertebrate hosts, but they typically do not cause significant pathology in their arthropod vectors. following oral acquisition of a viremic bloodmeal from a vertebrate host, the arbovirus disease cycle requires replication in the cellular environment of the arthropod vector. once the vector has become systemically and persistently infected, the ... | 2015 | 26184281 |
| current status of invasive mosquito surveillance in the uk. | non-native invasive mosquitoes have for many years made incursions into europe, and are now established in many european countries. the continued european importation of potential vectors and their expansion within europe increases their potential for importation and establishment in the uk. coupled with increasing numbers of returning dengue and chikungunya infected travellers, the potential exists for transmission of vector borne disease in new regions. | 2015 | 26122427 |
| do we need a vaccine against chikungunya? | during the last decade, the chikungunya (chikv) virus has expanded its range of activity, conquering new territories and becoming an important global health threat. in particular, the challenge represented by the recent emergence of chikv in the americas has strengthened the need of a safe and effective vaccine. although research on vaccines against chikv has been slow, a few vaccine candidates have been tested over the years. inactivated and attenuated vaccine candidates have shown promising re ... | 2015 | 25971340 |
| midgut immune responses induced by bacterial infection in the silkworm, bombyx mori. | insect gut epithelial cells produce reactive oxygen species (ros) and antimicrobial peptides (amps) to protect hosts from pathogenic microorganisms. in this study, we evaluate the pathogenicity of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus bombysepticus in the silkworm, bombyx mori. survival curves show that b. bombysepticus is deadly when larval silkworms are infected orally. bacterial infection caused intestinal hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and nitric oxide (no) levels to increase significantly by 8 and ... | 2015 | 26465135 |
| drosophila innate immunity: regional and functional specialization of prophenoloxidases. | the diversification of immune systems during evolution involves the expansion of particular gene families in given phyla. a better understanding of the metazoan immune system requires an analysis of the logic underlying such immune gene amplification. this analysis is now within reach due to the ease with which we can generate multiple mutations in an organism. in this paper, we analyze the contribution of the three drosophila prophenoloxidases (ppos) to host defense by generating single, double ... | 2015 | 26437768 |
| sucupira as a potential plant for arthritis treatment and other diseases. | trees of the genus pterodon, commonly known as "sucupira-branca" or "faveira," are native to central brazil. the pterodon fruits are traditionally used in ethnomedicine as an infusion, in small doses, and at regular time intervals as an antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, tonic, and depurative agent. the various compounds present in the pterodon class are, generally, water-insoluble and derived from the fusion of high-molecular weight pentacarbonate units. scientific research has shown that the ma ... | 2015 | 26613051 |
| heme signaling impacts global gene expression, immunity and dengue virus infectivity in aedes aegypti. | blood-feeding mosquitoes are exposed to high levels of heme, the product of hemoglobin degradation. heme is a pro-oxidant that influences a variety of cellular processes. we performed a global analysis of heme-regulated aedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito) transcriptional changes to better understand influence on mosquito physiology at the molecular level. we observed an iron- and reactive oxygen species (ros)-independent signaling induced by heme that comprised genes related to redox metabolis ... | 2015 | 26275150 |
| high throughput profiling of the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera immunotranscriptome during the fungal and bacterial infections. | innate immunity is essential in defending against invading pathogens in invertebrates. the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hübner) is one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests, which causes enormous economic losses in agricultural production worldwide. the components of the immune system are largely unknown in this insect. the application of entomopathogens is considered as an alternative to the chemical insecticides for its control. however, few studies have focused on the molecular ... | 2015 | 26001831 |
| arthropod vectors and disease transmission: translational aspects. | 2015 | 26583380 | |
| bacterial infection and immune responses in lutzomyia longipalpis sand fly larvae midgut. | the midgut microbial community in insect vectors of disease is crucial for an effective immune response against infection with various human and animal pathogens. depending on the aspects of their development, insects can acquire microbes present in soil, water, and plants. sand flies are major vectors of leishmaniasis, and shown to harbor a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. sand fly larval stages acquire microorganisms from the soil, and the abundance and distribution of ... | 2015 | 26154607 |
| role of marine natural products in the genesis of antiviral agents. | 2015 | 26317854 | |
| echinacea purpurea: pharmacology, phytochemistry and analysis methods. | echinacea purpurea (asteraceae) is a perennial medicinal herb with important immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, especially the alleviation of cold symptoms. the plant also attracted scientists' attention to assess other aspects of its beneficial effects. for instance, antianxiety, antidepression, cytotoxicity, and antimutagenicity as induced by the plant have been revealed in various studies. the findings of the clinical trials are controversial in terms of side effects. while s ... | 2015 | 26009695 |
| a soluble pyrophosphatase is essential to oogenesis and is required for polyphosphate metabolism in the red flour beetle (tribolium castaneum). | polyphosphates have been found in all cell types examined to date and play diverse roles depending on the cell type. in eukaryotic organisms, polyphosphates have been mainly investigated in mammalian cells with few studies on insects. some studies have demonstrated that a pyrophosphatase regulates polyphosphate metabolism, and most of them were performed on trypanosomatids. here, we investigated the effects of sppase gene knocked down in oogenesis and polyphosphate metabolism in the red flour be ... | 2015 | 25811926 |
| molecular characterization of midgut microbiota of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti from arunachal pradesh, india. | microbiota inhabiting midguts of mosquitoes play a key role in the host - parasite interaction and enhance vectorial capacity of viral diseases like dengue and chikungunya fevers. mosquito midgut is considered to be an important site for host-pathogen interaction and pathogen survival is thought to be an outcome of this interaction. in the present study we examined the bacterial community in the midgut of aedes mosquitoes in arunanchal pradesh, india, a subtropical zone where dengue fever is rep ... | 2015 | 26684012 |
| bilateral conjunctivitis in a returned traveller. | 2015 | 25590460 | |
| research on bacterial virulence in the developing countries. | 2015 | 25713813 | |
| flaviviral ns4b, chameleon and jack-in-the-box roles in viral replication and pathogenesis, and a molecular target for antiviral intervention. | dengue virus and other flaviviruses such as the yellow fever, west nile, and japanese encephalitis viruses are emerging vector-borne human pathogens that affect annually more than 100 million individuals and that may cause debilitating and potentially fatal hemorrhagic and encephalitic diseases. currently, there are no specific antiviral drugs for the treatment of flavivirus-associated disease. a better understanding of the flavivirus-host interactions during the different events of the flavivir ... | 2015 | 25828437 |
| factors responsible for the emergence of arboviruses; strategies, challenges and limitations for their control. | slave trading of africans to the americas, during the 16th to the 19th century was responsible for the first recorded emergence in the new world of two arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), yellow fever virus and dengue virus. many other arboviruses have since emerged from their sylvatic reservoirs and dispersed globally due to evolving factors that include anthropological behaviour, commercial transportation and land-remediation. here, we outline some characteristics of these highly divergent ... | 2015 | 26038768 |
| comparative susceptibility of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti to dengue virus infection after feeding on blood of viremic humans: implications for public health. | aedes albopictus is secondary to aedes aegypti as a vector of dengue viruses (denvs) in settings of endemicity, but it plays an important role in areas of dengue emergence. this study compared the susceptibility of these 2 species to denv infection by performing 232 direct blood-feeding experiments on 118 viremic patients with dengue in vietnam. field-derived a. albopictus acquired denv infections as readily as a. aegypti after blood feeding. once infected, a. albopictus permitted higher concent ... | 2015 | 25784733 |
| synergistic suppression of dengue virus replication using a combination of nucleoside analogs and nucleoside synthesis inhibitors. | dengue virus (denv) is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral pathogen in humans. currently, there is no clinically approved vaccine or antiviral for denv. combination therapy is a common practice in antiviral treatment and a potential approach to search for new treatments for infectious pathogens. in this study, we performed a combination treatment in cell culture by using three distinct classes of inhibitors, including ribavirin (a guanosine analog with several antiviral mechanisms), brequina ... | 2015 | 25624323 |
| naturally-acquired dengue virus infections do not reduce short-term survival of infected aedes aegypti from ho chi minh city, vietnam. | transmission of dengue virus (denv) from mosquito to human is dependent upon the survival of the mosquito beyond the virus extrinsic incubation period. previous studies report conflicting results of the effects of denv on aedes aegypti survival. here, we describe the effect of denv on the short-term survival (up to 12 d) of 4,321 ae. aegypti mosquitoes blood-fed on 150 ns1-positive dengue patients hospitalized in the hospital for tropical diseases, ho chi minh city, vietnam. mosquito survival wa ... | 2015 | 25561566 |
| two cathepsins b are responsible for the yolk protein hydrolysis in culex quinquefasciatus. | despite the established role of culex quinquefasciatus as a vector of various neurotropic viruses, such as the rift valley and west nile viruses, as well as lymphatic filariasis, little is known regarding the organism's reproductive physiology. as in other oviparous animals, vitellogenin, the most important source of nutrients for the embryo development, is digested by intracellular proteases. using mass spectrometry, we have identified two cathepsin b homologues partially purified by self-prote ... | 2015 | 25710877 |
| a highly potent human antibody neutralizes dengue virus serotype 3 by binding across three surface proteins. | dengue virus (denv) infects ~400 million people annually. there is no licensed vaccine or therapeutic drug. only a small fraction of the total denv-specific antibodies in a naturally occurring dengue infection consists of highly neutralizing antibodies. here we show that the denv-specific human monoclonal antibody 5j7 is exceptionally potent, neutralizing 50% of virus at nanogram-range antibody concentration. the 9 å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the fab 5j7-denv complex shows ... | 2015 | 25698059 |
| households as foci for dengue transmission in highly urban vietnam. | dengue control programs commonly employ reactive insecticide spraying around houses of reported cases, with the assumption that most dengue virus (denv) transmission occurs in the home. focal household transmission has been demonstrated in rural settings, but it is unclear whether this holds true in dense and mobile urban populations. we conducted a prospective study of dengue clustering around households in highly urban ho chi minh city, vietnam. | 2015 | 25680106 |
| travel advice for the immunocompromised traveler: prophylaxis, vaccination, and other preventive measures. | immunocompromised patients are traveling at increasing rates. physicians caring for these complex patients must be knowledgeable in pretravel consultation and recognize when referral to an infectious disease specialist is warranted. this article outlines disease prevention associated with international travel for adults with human immunodeficiency virus, asplenia, solid organ and hematopoietic transplantation, and other immunosuppressed states. while rates of infection may not differ significant ... | 2015 | 25709464 |
| high-throughput multiplexed xmap luminex array panel for detection of twenty two medically important mosquito-borne arboviruses based on innovations in synthetic biology. | mosquito-borne arboviruses are emerging world-wide as important human and animal pathogens. this makes assays for their accurate and rapid identification essential for public health, epidemiological, ecological studies. over the past decade, many mono- and multiplexed assays targeting arboviruses nucleic acids have been reported. none has become established for the routine identification of multiple viruses in a "single tube" setting. with increasing multiplexing, the detection of viral rnas is ... | 2015 | 25680538 |
| a dengue virus type 4 model of disseminated lethal infection in ag129 mice. | dengue is a mosquito-borne disease of global public health significance that is caused by four serologically and genetically related viruses (denv-1 to denv-4). most human denv infections are asymptomatic, but clinical cases can range in severity from a relatively mild self-limiting illness to a severe life-threatening disease. infection with one serotype of denv results in life-long homotypic immunity but only short term heterotypic protection. there are no licensed vaccines or antivirals for d ... | 2015 | 25938762 |
| modeling the indirect effect of wolbachia on the infection dynamics of horizontally transmitted viruses. | intracellular bacteria of the genus wolbachia are widely distributed in arthropods. there is growing empirical evidence that wolbachia directly interacts with viruses and other parasites inside the arthropod host, sometimes resulting in low or no pathogen replication. previous theoretical studies showed that this direct effect of wolbachia can result in a reduced virus prevalence (within the population), suggesting that wolbachia could be used in the biological control of vector-borne diseases ( ... | 2015 | 25972858 |
| creams formulated with ocimum gratissimum l. and lantana camara l. crude extracts and fractions as mosquito repellents against aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes are the most deadly vectors of parasites that cause diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, and filariasis. in view of the recent increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticides, the objective of this study was to determine the repellent activity of creams formulated with methanol crude extract (mce), hexane fraction (hf), and ethyl acetate fractions (eafs) of ocimum gratissimum and lantana camara leaves in single and combined acti ... | 2015 | 25881633 |
| mosquito-disseminated pyriproxyfen yields high breeding-site coverage and boosts juvenile mosquito mortality at the neighborhood scale. | mosquito-borne pathogens pose major public health challenges worldwide. with vaccines or effective drugs still unavailable for most such pathogens, disease prevention heavily relies on vector control. to date, however, mosquito control has proven difficult, with low breeding-site coverage during control campaigns identified as a major drawback. a novel tactic exploits the egg-laying behavior of mosquitoes to have them disseminate tiny particles of a potent larvicide, pyriproxyfen (ppf), from res ... | 2015 | 25849040 |
| repellent and insecticidal efficacy of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against three mosquito species (aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti and culex pipiens) on dogs. | three laboratory studies were conducted to assess the repellent and insecticidal efficacy of a combination of fipronil and permethrin (frontline tri- act/frontect) against three mosquito species (aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti and culex pipiens) on dogs. | 2015 | 25633963 |
| unprecedented genomic diversity of rna viruses in arthropods reveals the ancestry of negative-sense rna viruses. | although arthropods are important viral vectors, the biodiversity of arthropod viruses, as well as the role that arthropods have played in viral origins and evolution, is unclear. through rna sequencing of 70 arthropod species we discovered 112 novel viruses that appear to be ancestral to much of the documented genetic diversity of negative-sense rna viruses, a number of which are also present as endogenous genomic copies. with this greatly enriched diversity we revealed that arthropods contain ... | 2015 | 25633976 |
| multicountry prospective clinical evaluation of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and two rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosing dengue fever. | we evaluated four dengue diagnostic devices from alere, including the sd bioline dengue duo (nonstructural [ns] 1 ag and igg/igm), the panbio dengue duo cassette (igm/igg) rapid diagnostic tests (rdts), and the panbio dengue igm and igg capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) in a prospective, controlled, multicenter study in peru, venezuela, cambodia, and the united states, using samples from 1,021 febrile individuals. archived, well-characterized samples from an additional 135 febr ... | 2015 | 25588659 |
| the effect of hydrocotyle sibthorpioides lam. extracts on in vitro dengue replication. | objective. to investigate the potential effect of hydrocotyle sibthorpioides lam. (h. sibthorpioides) extracts against in vitro dengue viral replication. methods. the cytotoxicity of h. sibthorpioides was evaluated using a cell viability assay. cells were pre- and posttreated with water and methanol extracts of h. sibthorpioides, and the viral inhibitory effect was investigated by observing the morphological changes, which were further confirmed by plaque assay. results. the methanolic extract c ... | 2015 | 25767554 |
| climate change and spatiotemporal distributions of vector-borne diseases in nepal--a systematic synthesis of literature. | despite its largely mountainous terrain for which this himalayan country is a popular tourist destination, nepal is now endemic for five major vector-borne diseases (vbds), namely malaria, lymphatic filariasis, japanese encephalitis, visceral leishmaniasis and dengue fever. there is increasing evidence about the impacts of climate change on vbds especially in tropical highlands and temperate regions. our aim is to explore whether the observed spatiotemporal distributions of vbds in nepal can be ... | 2015 | 26086887 |
| mercadeo virus: a novel mosquito-specific flavivirus from panama. | viruses in the genus flavivirus (family flaviviridae) include many arthropod-borne viruses of public health and veterinary importance. however, during the past two decades an explosion of novel insect-specific flaviviruses (isfs), some closely related to vertebrate pathogens, have been discovered. although many flavivirus pathogens of vertebrates have been isolated from naturally infected mosquitoes in panama, isfs have not previously been reported from the country. this report describes the iso ... | 2015 | 26304915 |
| ecuador paraiso escondido virus, a new flavivirus isolated from new world sand flies in ecuador, is the first representative of a novel clade in the genus flavivirus. | a new flavivirus, ecuador paraiso escondido virus (epev), named after the village where it was discovered, was isolated from sand flies (psathyromyia abonnenci, formerly lutzomyia abonnenci) that are unique to the new world. this represents the first sand fly-borne flavivirus identified in the new world. epev exhibited a typical flavivirus genome organization. nevertheless, the maximum pairwise amino acid sequence identity with currently recognized flaviviruses was 52.8%. phylogenetic analysis o ... | 2015 | 26355096 |
| viral interference and persistence in mosquito-borne flaviviruses. | mosquito-borne flaviviruses are important pathogens for humans, and the detection of two or more flaviviruses cocirculating in the same geographic area has often been reported. however, the epidemiological impact remains to be determined. mosquito-borne flaviviruses are primarily transmitted through aedes and culex mosquitoes; these viruses establish a life-long or persistent infection without apparent pathological effects. this establishment requires a balance between virus replication and the ... | 2015 | 26583158 |
| serological evidence of chikungunya virus among acute febrile patients in southern mozambique. | in the last two decades, chikungunya virus (chikv) has rapidly expanded to several geographical areas, causing frequent outbreaks in sub-saharan africa, south east asia, south america, and europe. therefore, the disease remains heavily neglected in mozambique, and no recent study has been conducted. | 2015 | 26473605 |
| severe dengue fever outbreak in taiwan. | dengue fever (df) is a vector-borne disease caused by dengue viruses (denvs). epidemic dengue occurs intermittently in taiwan. in 2014, taiwan experienced its largest df outbreak. there were 15,732 df cases reported. there were a total of 136 dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) cases, of which 20 resulted in death. most df cases were reported in southern taiwan. a total of 15,043 (96%) cases were from kaohsiung, a modern city in southern taiwan. this report reviews df epidemics in taiwan during 2005- ... | 2015 | 26572871 |
| a metagenomic survey of viral abundance and diversity in mosquitoes from hubei province. | mosquitoes as one of the most common but important vectors have the potential to transmit or acquire a lot of viruses through biting, however viral flora in mosquitoes and its impact on mosquito-borne disease transmission has not been well investigated and evaluated. in this study, the metagenomic techniquehas been successfully employed in analyzing the abundance and diversity of viral community in three mosquito samples from hubei, china. among 92,304 reads produced through a run with 454 gs fl ... | 2015 | 26030271 |
| the case for a 'one health' approach to combating vector-borne diseases. | 2015 | 26027713 | |
| accuracy of clinical diagnosis of dengue episodes in the rv144 hiv vaccine efficacy trial in thailand. | rv144 was a community-based hiv vaccine efficacy trial conducted in hiv-uninfected adults in thailand, where dengue virus continues to cause a large number of infections every year. we attempted to document the accuracy of clinically diagnosed dengue episodes reported as serious adverse events (saes) and adverse events (aes) and examine whether dengue serology would support the clinical diagnosis. subjects without a clinical dengue diagnosis but with an infection or idiopathic fever were selecte ... | 2015 | 26011728 |
| agency, access, and anopheles: neighborhood health perceptions and the implications for community health interventions in accra, ghana. | social and environmental factors are increasingly recognized for their ability to influence health outcomes at both individual and neighborhood scales in the developing urban world. yet issues of spatial heterogeneity in these complex environments may obscure unique elements of neighborhood life that may be protective or harmful to human health. resident perceptions of neighborhood effects on health may help to fill gaps in our interpretation of household survey results and better inform how to ... | 2015 | 25997424 |
| the dengue vaccine pipeline: implications for the future of dengue control. | dengue has become the most rapidly expanding mosquito-borne infectious disease on the planet, surpassing malaria and infecting at least 390 million people per year. there is no effective treatment for dengue illness other than supportive care, especially for severe cases. symptoms can be mild or life-threatening as in dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. vector control has been only partially successful in decreasing dengue transmission. the potential use of safe and effective tet ... | 2015 | 25989449 |
| asymptomatic humans transmit dengue virus to mosquitoes. | three-quarters of the estimated 390 million dengue virus (denv) infections each year are clinically inapparent. people with inapparent dengue virus infections are generally considered dead-end hosts for transmission because they do not reach sufficiently high viremia levels to infect mosquitoes. here, we show that, despite their lower average level of viremia, asymptomatic people can be infectious to mosquitoes. moreover, at a given level of viremia, denv-infected people with no detectable sympt ... | 2015 | 26553981 |
| metallic copper spray--a new control technique to combat invasive container-inhabiting mosquitoes. | the control of container-inhabiting mosquitoes is mainly based on environmental management with special emphasis on community participation e.g. source reduction by elimination or modification of water bodies. however, citizens are often not aware of the problems related to urban mosquito control or just ignore the advice provided during anti-mosquito control campaigns. in particular, cemeteries contain favourite breeding sites for container-inhabiting mosquitoes like ochlerotatus j. japonicus, ... | 2015 | 26553319 |
| patterns of flavivirus seroprevalence in the human population of northern laos. | a total of 1,136 samples from 289 households in four provinces in northern laos were subjected to japanese encephalitis virus (jev) and dengue virus hemagglutination inhibition (denv hi). overall, antibodies to jev were detected by hi in 620 (54.6%) of 1,136 people; of which 217 (19.1%) had hi activity against jev only. antibodies to denv4 were detected by hi in 526 (46.3%) of 1,136 people; of which 124 (10.9%) had hi activity against denv4 only. antibodies to denv1-3 were detected by hi in 296 ... | 2015 | 26304925 |
| diagnosis of dengue infection using conventional and biosensor based techniques. | dengue is an arthropod-borne viral disease caused by four antigenically different serotypes of dengue virus. this disease is considered as a major public health concern around the world. currently, there is no licensed vaccine or antiviral drug available for the prevention and treatment of dengue disease. moreover, clinical features of dengue are indistinguishable from other infectious diseases such as malaria, chikungunya, rickettsia and leptospira. therefore, prompt and accurate laboratory dia ... | 2015 | 26492265 |
| standardized laboratory feeding of larval aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae). | the asian bush mosquito (aedes japonicus japonicus, theobald 1901) is an invasive culicid species which originates in asia but is nowadays present in northern america and europe. it is a competent vector for several human disease pathogens. in addition to the public health threat, this invasive species may also be an ecological threat for native container-breeding mosquitoes which share a similar larval habitat. therefore, it is of importance to gain knowledge on ecological and eco-toxicological ... | 2015 | 26452522 |
| acetylcholinesterases from the disease vectors aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae: functional characterization and comparisons with vertebrate orthologues. | mosquitoes of the anopheles (an.) and aedes (ae.) genus are principal vectors of human diseases including malaria, dengue and yellow fever. insecticide-based vector control is an established and important way of preventing transmission of such infections. currently used insecticides can efficiently control mosquito populations, but there are growing concerns about emerging resistance, off-target toxicity and their ability to alter ecosystems. a potential target for the development of insecticide ... | 2015 | 26447952 |
| surveillance potential of non-native hawaiian birds for detection of west nile virus. | west nile virus (wnv) was first detected in north america in 1999. alaska and hawaii (hi) remain the only u.s. states in which transmission of wnv has not been detected. dead bird surveillance has played an important role in the detection of the virus geographically, as well as temporally. in north america, corvids have played a major role in wnv surveillance; however, the only corvid in hi is the endangered hawaiian crow that exists only in captivity, thus precluding the use of this species for ... | 2015 | 26304918 |
| guiding dengue vaccine development using knowledge gained from the success of the yellow fever vaccine. | flaviviruses comprise approximately 70 closely related rna viruses. these include several mosquito-borne pathogens, such as yellow fever virus (yfv), dengue virus (denv), and japanese encephalitis virus (jev), which can cause significant human diseases and thus are of great medical importance. vaccines against both yfv and jev have been used successfully in humans for decades; however, the development of a denv vaccine has encountered considerable obstacles. here, we review the protective immune ... | 2015 | 26435066 |
| differential replicative ability of clinical dengue virus isolates in an immunocompetent c57bl/6 mouse model. | several experimental animal models have been used to study the pathogenesis of dengue disease; however, most of the studies used laboratory-adapted viruses, which lack the virulence of viruses circulating in humans. the aim of this study was to analyze the ability of clinical dengue virus (denv) isolates (d2/br/rp/rmb/09 and d3/br/sl3/02) to infect immunocompetent c57bl/6 mice. | 2015 | 26415508 |
| interferon lambda inhibits dengue virus replication in epithelial cells. | in viral disease, infection is controlled at the cellular level by type i interferon (ifn-i), but dengue virus (denv) has the ability to inhibit this response. type iii interferon, also known as lambda ifn (ifn-iii or ifn-λ), is a complementary pathway to the antiviral response by ifn-i. this work analyzed the ifn-λ (ifn-iii) mediated antiviral response against denv serotype 2 (denv-2) infection. | 2015 | 26411318 |
| re-assess vector indices threshold as an early warning tool for predicting dengue epidemic in a dengue non-endemic country. | despite dengue dynamics being driven by complex interactions between human hosts, mosquito vectors and viruses that are influenced by climate factors, an operational model that will enable health authorities to anticipate the outbreak risk in a dengue non-endemic area has not been developed. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the temporal relationship between meteorological variables, entomological surveillance indices and confirmed dengue cases; and to establish the threshold for ent ... | 2015 | 26366874 |
| development of resistance to pyrethroid in culex pipiens pallens population under different insecticide selection pressures. | current vector control programs are largely dependent on pyrethroids, which are the most commonly used and only insecticides recommended by the world health organization for insecticide-treated nets (itns). however, the rapid spread of pyrethroid resistance worldwide compromises the effectiveness of control programs and threatens public health. since few new insecticide classes for vector control are anticipated, limiting the development of resistance is crucial for prolonging efficacy of pyreth ... | 2015 | 26275298 |
| engaging scientists: an online survey exploring the experience of innovative biotechnological approaches to controlling vector-borne diseases. | pioneering technologies (e.g., nanotechnology, synthetic biology or climate engineering) are often associated with potential new risks and uncertainties that can become sources of controversy. the communication of information during their development and open exchanges between stakeholders is generally considered a key issue in their acceptance. while the attitudes of the public to novel technologies have been widely considered there has been relatively little investigation of the perceptions an ... | 2015 | 26259589 |
| wolbachia strains for disease control: ecological and evolutionary considerations. | wolbachia are endosymbionts found in many insects with the potential to suppress vectorborne diseases, particularly through interfering with pathogen transmission. wolbachia strains are highly variable in their effects on hosts, raising the issue of which attributes should be selected to ensure that the best strains are developed for disease control. this depends on their ability to suppress viral transmission, invade host populations, persist without loss of viral suppression and not interfere ... | 2015 | 26366194 |
| the hidden burden of dengue and chikungunya in chennai, india. | dengue and chikungunya are rapidly expanding viruses transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus aedes. few epidemiological studies have examined the extent of transmission of these infections in south india despite an increase in the number of reported cases, and a high suitability for transmission. | 2015 | 26181441 |
| the performance of the sd bioline dengue duo® rapid immunochromatographic test kit for the detection of ns1 antigen, igm and igg antibodies during a dengue type 1 epidemic in jamaica. | dengue is an important mosquito-borne viral infection that affects millions of persons worldwide. early diagnosis is necessary to effect appropriate management and decrease mortality. immunochromatographic tests are advantageous in producing dengue test results within 30 min but these results should be sensitive and specific. in this study we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the sd bioline dengue duo® rapid immunochromatographic test kit. a panel of 309 dengue and 30 non-dengue single ser ... | 2015 | 26173484 |
| understanding dengue virus capsid protein interaction with key biological targets. | dengue virus (denv) causes over 500,000 hospitalizations and 20,000 deaths worldwide every year. dengue epidemics now reach temperate regions due to globalization of trade and travel and climate changes. currently, there are no successful therapeutic or preventive approaches. we previously developed a peptide drug lead, pep14-23, that inhibits the biologically relevant interaction of denv capsid (c) protein with lipid droplets (lds). surprisingly, pep14-23 also inhibits denv c interaction with v ... | 2015 | 26161501 |
| improving dengue virus capture rates in humans and vectors in kamphaeng phet province, thailand, using an enhanced spatiotemporal surveillance strategy. | dengue is of public health importance in tropical and sub-tropical regions. dengue virus (denv) transmission dynamics was studied in kamphaeng phet province, thailand, using an enhanced spatiotemporal surveillance of 93 hospitalized subjects with confirmed dengue (initiates) and associated cluster individuals (associates) with entomologic sampling. a total of 438 associates were enrolled from 208 houses with household members with a history of fever, located within a 200-m radius of an initiate ... | 2015 | 25986580 |
| prospective cohort study with active surveillance for fever in four dengue endemic countries in latin america. | to prepare for a phase iii dengue vaccine efficacy trial, 20 investigational sites were selected for this observational study to identify dengue infections in a closed cohort (n = 3,000 children 9-16 years of age). of 255 acute febrile episodes experienced by 235 children, 50 (21.3%) were considered serologically probable dengue, and 18 (7.7%) were considered virologically confirmed (i.e., dengue ns1 antigen positive) dengue cases. considering the disease-free and at-risk period from study start ... | 2015 | 26013373 |
| phylogeography of the coastal mosquito aedes togoi across climatic zones: testing an anthropogenic dispersal hypothesis. | the coastal mosquito aedes togoi occurs more or less continuously from subarctic to subtropic zones along the coasts of the japanese islands and the east asian mainland. it occurs also in tropical southeast asia and the north american pacific coast, and the populations there are thought to have been introduced from japan by ship. to test this hypothesis, the genetic divergence among geographic populations of a. togoi was studied using one mitochondrial and three nuclear gene sequences. we detect ... | 2015 | 26107619 |
| the potential use of wolbachia-based mosquito biocontrol strategies for japanese encephalitis. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is a zoonotic pathogen transmitted by the infectious bite of culex mosquitoes. the virus causes the development of the disease japanese encephalitis (je) in a small proportion of those infected, predominantly affecting children in eastern and southern asia. annual je incidence estimates range from 50,000-175,000, with 25%-30% of cases resulting in mortality. it is estimated that 3 billion people live in countries in which jev is endemic. the virus exists in an e ... | 2015 | 26086337 |
| biology of zika virus infection in human skin cells. | zika virus (zikv) is an emerging arbovirus of the flaviviridae family, which includes dengue, west nile, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis viruses, that causes a mosquito-borne disease transmitted by the aedes genus, with recent outbreaks in the south pacific. here we examine the importance of human skin in the entry of zikv and its contribution to the induction of antiviral immune responses. we show that human dermal fibroblasts, epidermal keratinocytes, and immature dendritic cells are p ... | 2015 | 26085147 |
| development of a hamster model for chikungunya virus infection and pathogenesis. | chikungunya virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and causes severe, debilitating infectious arthritis in humans. the need for an animal model to study the disease process and evaluate potential treatments is imminent as the virus continues its spread into novel geographic locations. golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) are often used as outbred laboratory animal models for arboviral diseases. here we demonstrate that hamsters inoculated with chikungunya virus developed viremia and histopathologi ... | 2015 | 26070211 |
| honokiol, a lignan biphenol derived from the magnolia tree, inhibits dengue virus type 2 infection. | dengue is the most widespread arbovirus infection and poses a serious health and economic issue in tropical and subtropical countries. currently no licensed vaccine or compounds can be used to prevent or manage the severity of dengue virus (denv) infection. honokiol, a lignan biphenol derived from the magnolia tree, is commonly used in eastern medicine. here we report that honokiol has profound antiviral activity against serotype 2 denv (denv-2). in addition to inhibiting the intracellular denv- ... | 2015 | 26378567 |
| molecular identification of saint louis encephalitis virus genotype iv in colombia. | saint louis encephalitis virus (slev) is a member of the japanese-encephalitis virus serocomplex of the genus flavivirus. slev is broadly distributed in the americas and the caribbean islands, where it is usually transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus culex and primarily to birds and mammalian-hosts. humans are occasionally infected by the virus and are dead-end hosts. slev causes encephalitis in temperate regions, while in tropical regions of the americas, several human cases and a wide biologi ... | 2015 | 26313538 |
| a molecular approach designed to limit the replication of mature denv2 in host cells. | dengue virus (denv) is an arthropod-borne virus, which belongs to the flaviviridae family, and completes its life cycle in two hosts: humans and mosquitoes. for denv maturation, the surface pre-membrane (prm) protein is cleaved to form a mature membrane protein (m) by furin, which is a cellular enzyme subsequently releasing the mature virus from the host dendritic cell. the objective of the current study was to inhibit mature denv isotype 2 (denv2) by rna-interference in a vero-81 cell line. mat ... | 2015 | 26154890 |
| development and validation of an elisa kit (yf mac-hd) to detect igm to yellow fever virus. | yellow fever virus (yfv) is endemic in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, with around 180,000 human infections a year occurring in africa. serologic testing is the chief laboratory diagnostic means of identifying an outbreak and to inform the decision to commence a vaccination campaign. the world health organization disseminates the reagents for yfv testing to african reference laboratories, and the us centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) is charged with producing and pr ... | 2015 | 26342907 |
| spatio-temporal distribution of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mitochondrial lineages in cities with distinct dengue incidence rates suggests complex population dynamics of the dengue vector in colombia. | aedes aegypti is the primary vector of the four serotypes of dengue virus (denv1-4), chikungunya and yellow fever virus to humans. previous population genetic studies have revealed a particular genetic structure among the vector populations in the americas that suggests differences in the ability to transmit denv. in colombia, despite its high epidemiologic importance, the genetic population structure and the phylogeographic depiction of ae. aegypti, as well as its relationship with the epidemio ... | 2015 | 25893246 |
| utilization of an eilat virus-based chimera for serological detection of chikungunya infection. | in december of 2013, chikungunya virus (chikv), an alphavirus in the family togaviridae, was introduced to the island of saint martin in the caribbean, resulting in the first autochthonous cases reported in the americas. as of january 2015, local and imported chikv has been reported in 50 american countries with over 1.1 million suspected cases. chikv causes a severe arthralgic disease for which there are no approved vaccines or therapeutics. furthermore, the lack of a commercially available, se ... | 2015 | 26492074 |
| eilat virus induces both homologous and heterologous interference. | most alphaviruses are mosquito-borne and exhibit a broad host range, infecting many different vertebrates including birds, rodents, equids, and humans. occasionally, alphaviruses can spill over into the human population and cause disease characterized by debilitating arthralgia or fatal encephalitis. recently, a unique alphavirus, eilat virus (eilv), was described that readily infects mosquito but not vertebrate cell lines. here, we investigated the ability of eilv to induce superinfection exclu ... | 2015 | 26068885 |
| review of ten-years presence of aedes albopictus in spain 2004-2014: known distribution and public health concerns. | ten years have gone by since the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus was recorded for the first time in spain. in this paper, all relevant published information about this vector in spain for the period 2004-2014 is reviewed. the known distribution for 2014 is provided, including all historical records (published and unpublished data) and the results from samplings of the last year. the consequences on public health about the presence of the asian tiger mosquito in spain are also highlighted. ... | 2015 | 26694818 |
| γδ t cells play a protective role in chikungunya virus-induced disease. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is an alphavirus responsible for causing epidemic outbreaks of polyarthralgia in humans. because chikv is initially introduced via the skin, where γδ t cells are prevalent, we evaluated the response of these cells to chikv infection. chikv infection led to a significant increase in γδ t cells in the infected foot and draining lymph node that was associated with the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in c57bl/6j mice. γδ t cell(-/-) mice demonstrated ... | 2015 | 26491151 |
| parameters of mosquito-enhanced west nile virus infection. | the arthropod-borne west nile virus (wnv) emerged in new york state in 1999 and quickly spread throughout the united states. transmission is maintained in an enzootic cycle in which infected mosquitoes transmit the virus to susceptible hosts during probing and feeding. arthropod-derived components within the viral inoculum are increasingly acknowledged to play a role in infection of vertebrate hosts. we previously showed that culex tarsalis mosquito saliva and salivary gland extract (sge) enhanc ... | 2015 | 26468544 |
| projection of climate change influences on u.s. west nile virus vectors. | while estimates of the impact of climate change on health are necessary for health care planners and climate change policy makers, models to produce quantitative estimates remain scarce. we describe a freely available dynamic simulation model parameterized for three west nile virus vectors, which provides an effective tool for studying vector-borne disease risk due to climate change. the dynamic mosquito simulation model is parameterized with species specific temperature-dependent development an ... | 2015 | 27057131 |
| zika virus and the never-ending story of emerging pathogens and transfusion medicine. | in the last few years, the transfusion medicine community has been paying special attention to emerging vector-borne diseases transmitted by arboviruses. zika virus is the latest of these pathogens and is responsible for major outbreaks in africa, asia and, more recently, in previously infection-naïve territories of the pacific area. many issues regarding this emerging pathogen remain unclear and require further investigation. national health authorities have adopted different prevention strateg ... | 2015 | 26674815 |
| first report of aedes aegypti transmission of chikungunya virus in the americas. | during a chikungunya fever outbreak in late 2014 in chiapas, mexico, entomovirological surveillance was performed to incriminate the vector(s). in neighborhoods, 75 households with suspected cases were sampled for mosquitoes, of which 80% (60) harbored aedes aegypti and 2.7% (2) aedes albopictus. a total of 1,170 ae. aegypti and three ae. albopictus was collected and 81 pools were generated. although none of the ae. albopictus pools were chikungunya virus (chikv)-positive, 18 ae. aegypti pools ( ... | 2015 | 26416113 |
| molecular differentiation of the african yellow fever vector aedes bromeliae (diptera: culicidae) from its sympatric non-vector sister species, aedes lilii. | yellow fever continues to be a problem in sub-saharan africa with repeated epidemics occurring. the mosquito aedes bromeliae is a major vector of yellow fever, but it cannot be readily differentiated from its non-vector zoophilic sister species ae. lilii using morphological characters. genetic differences have been reported between anthropophilic ae. bromeliae and zoophilic ae. lilii and between forest and domestic populations. however, due to the application of different molecular markers and n ... | 2015 | 26641858 |
| genetic divergence between populations of feral and domestic forms of a mosquito disease vector assessed by transcriptomics. | culex pipiens, an invasive mosquito and vector of west nile virus in the us, has two morphologically indistinguishable forms that differ dramatically in behavior and physiology. cx. pipiens form pipiens is primarily a bird-feeding temperate mosquito, while the sub-tropical cx. pipiens form molestus thrives in sewers and feeds on mammals. because the feral form can diapause during the cold winters but the domestic form cannot, the two cx. pipiens forms are allopatric in northern europe and, altho ... | 2015 | 25755934 |
| epoxide hydrolase activities and epoxy fatty acids in the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus. | culex mosquitoes have emerged as important model organisms for mosquito biology, and are disease vectors for multiple mosquito-borne pathogens, including west nile virus. we characterized epoxide hydrolase activities in the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus, which suggested multiple forms of epoxide hydrolases were present. we found eh activities on epoxy eicosatrienoic acids (eets). eets and other eicosanoids are well-established lipid signaling molecules in vertebrates. we showed eets can be syn ... | 2015 | 25686802 |
| fruit flies in biomedical research. | many scientists complain that the current funding situation is dire. indeed, there has been an overall decline in support in funding for research from the national institutes of health and the national science foundation. within the drosophila field, some of us question how long this funding crunch will last as it demotivates principal investigators and perhaps more importantly affects the long-term career choice of many young scientists. yet numerous very interesting biological processes and av ... | 2015 | 25624315 |
| discovery of mosquito saliva micrornas during chikv infection. | mosquito borne pathogens are transmitted to humans via saliva during blood feeding. mosquito saliva is a complex concoction of many secretory factors that modulate the feeding foci to enhance pathogen infection and establishment. multiple salivary proteins/factors have been identified/characterized that enhance pathogen infection. here, we describe, for the first time, the identification of exogenous micrornas from mosquito saliva. micrornas are short, 18-24 nucleotide, non-coding rnas that regu ... | 2015 | 25612225 |
| enhanced performance of an innovative dengue igg/igm rapid diagnostic test using an anti-dengue edi monoclonal antibody and dengue virus antigen. | high levels of anti-dengue igm or igg can be detected using numerous rapid diagnostic tests (rdts). however, the sensitivity and specificity of these tests are reduced by changes in envelope glycoprotein antigenicity that inevitably occur in limited expression systems. a novel rdt was designed to enhance diagnostic sensitivity. dengue viruses cultured in animal cells were used as antigens to retain the native viral coat protein. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were then developed, for the first tim ... | 2015 | 26655854 |
| contrasting host-pathogen interactions and genome evolution in two generalist and specialist microsporidian pathogens of mosquitoes. | obligate intracellular pathogens depend on their host for growth yet must also evade detection by host defenses. here we investigate host adaptation in two microsporidia, the specialist edhazardia aedis and the generalist vavraia culicis, pathogens of disease vector mosquitoes. genomic analysis and deep rna-seq across infection time courses reveal fundamental differences between these pathogens. e. aedis retains enhanced cell surface modification and signalling capacity, upregulating protein tra ... | 2015 | 25968466 |
| insect phylogenomics. | phylogenomics, the integration of phylogenetics with genome data, has emerged as a powerful approach to study the evolution and systematics of species. recently, several studies employing phylogenomic tools have provided better insights into insect evolution. next-generation sequencing methods are now increasingly used by entomologists to generate genomic and transcript sequences of various insect species and strains. these data provide opportunities for comparative genomics and large-scale mult ... | 2015 | 25963452 |
| an improved odor bait for monitoring populations of aedes aegypti-vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses in kenya. | effective surveillance and estimation of the biting fraction of aedes aegypti is critical for accurate determination of the extent of virus transmission during outbreaks and inter-epidemic periods of dengue and chikungunya fever. here, we describe the development and use of synthetic human odor baits for improved sampling of adult ae. aegypti, in two dengue and chikungunya fevers endemic areas in kenya; kilifi and busia counties. | 2015 | 25924877 |
| larvicidal activity and possible mode of action of four flavonoids and two fatty acids identified in millettia pinnata seed toward three mosquito species. | aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus and culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes transmit dengue fever and west nile virus diseases, respectively. this study was conducted to determine the toxicity and mechanism of action of four flavonoids and two fatty acids from millettia pinnata (fabaceae) seed as well as six pure fatty acids and four fatty acid esters toward third instar larvae from insecticide-susceptible c. pipiens pallens and a. aegypti as well as wild a. albopictus. efficacy of 12 experimental l ... | 2015 | 25928224 |
| dengue virus ns proteins inhibit rig-i/mavs signaling by blocking tbk1/irf3 phosphorylation: dengue virus serotype 1 ns4a is a unique interferon-regulating virulence determinant. | dengue virus (denv) replication is inhibited by the prior addition of type i interferon or by rig-i agonists that elicit rig-i/mavs/tbk1/irf3-dependent protective responses. denv infection of primary human endothelial cells (ecs) results in a rapid increase in viral titer, which suggests that denv inhibits replication-restrictive rig-i/interferon beta (ifn-β) induction pathways within ecs. our findings demonstrate that denv serotype 4 (denv4) nonstructural (ns) proteins ns2a and ns4b inhibited r ... | 2015 | 25968648 |
| rice stripe virus affects the viability of its vector offspring by changing developmental gene expression in embryos. | plant viruses may affect the viability and development process of their herbivore vectors. small brown planthopper (sbph) is main vector of rice stripe virus (rsv), which causes serious rice stripe disease. here, we reported the effects of rsv on sbph offspring by crossing experiments between viruliferous and non-viruliferous strains. the life parameters of offspring from different cross combinations were compared. the hatchability of f1 progeny from viruliferous parents decreased significantly, ... | 2015 | 25601039 |
| a stochastic model to study rift valley fever persistence with different seasonal patterns of vector abundance: new insights on the endemicity in the tropical island of mayotte. | rift valley fever (rvf) is a zoonotic vector-borne disease causing abortion storms in cattle and human epidemics in africa. our aim was to evaluate rvf persistence in a seasonal and isolated population and to apply it to mayotte island (indian ocean), where the virus was still silently circulating four years after its last known introduction in 2007. we proposed a stochastic model to estimate rvf persistence over several years and under four seasonal patterns of vector abundance. firstly, the mo ... | 2015 | 26147799 |
| a draft genome sequence of an invasive mosquito: an italian aedes albopictus. | the draft genome sequence of italian specimens of the asian tiger mosquito aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (diptera: culicidae) was determined using a standard ngs (next generation sequencing) approach. the size of the assembled genome is comparable to that of aedes aegypti; the two mosquitoes are also similar as far as the high content of repetitive dna is concerned, most of which is made up of transposable elements. although, based on busco (benchmarking universal single-copy orthologues) analysi ... | 2015 | 26369436 |
| involvement of tetraspanin c189 in cell-to-cell spreading of the dengue virus in c6/36 cells. | dengue virus (denv) is naturally transmitted by mosquitoes to humans, infecting cells of both hosts. unlike in mammalian cells, denv usually does not cause extremely deleterious effects on cells of mosquitoes. despite this, clustered progeny virions were found to form infection foci in a high density cell culture. it is thus interesting to know how the virus spreads among cells in tissues such as the midgut within live mosquitoes. this report demonstrates that cell-to-cell spread is one way for ... | 2015 | 26132143 |
| larvicidal, biological and genotoxic effects, and temperature-toxicity relationship of some leaf extracts of nerium oleander (apocynaceae) on culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | the present study was undertaken to study the larvicidal activity of different extracts of nerium oleander leaves, and post-treatment temperature- toxicity relationship of these extracts against culex pipiens. further, the most potent extract was used to evaluate its biological and genotoxic activities. | 2015 | 27047967 |