Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| expression of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4 in prostate cancer epithelium. | the mrna for rvp.1 (rat ventral prostate) increases in abundance before gland involution after androgen deprivation. rvp.1 is homologous to cpe-r, the high-affinity intestinal epithelial receptor for clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe), and is sufficient to mediate cpe binding and trigger subsequent toxin-mediated cytolysis. rvp.1 (claudin-3) and cpe-r (claudin-4) are members of a larger family of transmembrane tissue-specific claudin proteins that are essential components of intercellular ... | 2001 | 11691807 |
| evaluation of the bact/alert automated blood culture system for detecting bacteria and measuring their growth kinetics in leucodepleted and non-leucodepleted platelet concentrates. | to evaluate the bact/alert automated blood culture system for the detection of bacteria in platelet concentrates, and to determine bacterial growth kinetics in leucodepleted and non-leucodepleted units. | 2001 | 11703857 |
| synergistic effects of alpha-toxin and perfringolysin o in clostridium perfringens-mediated gas gangrene. | to examine the synergistic effects of alpha-toxin and perfringolysin o in clostridial myonecrosis, homologous recombination was used to construct an alpha-toxin deficient derivative of a perfringolysin o mutant of clostridium perfringens. the subsequent strain was complemented with separate plasmids that carried the alpha-toxin structural gene (plc), the perfringolysin o gene (pfoa), or both toxin genes, and the resultant isogenic strains were examined in a mouse myonecrosis model. synergistic e ... | 2001 | 11705975 |
| sialic acids in gastropods. | the occurrence of n-acetylneuraminic acid and n-glycolylneuraminic acid residues in preparations of the slug arion lusitanicus (gastropoda) was determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate electrophoresis of the proteins followed by lectin blots stained with the sialic acid specific lectin from maackia amurensis, by the sensitivity of this binding to sialidase from clostridium perfringens, by specific fluorescent labelling of sialic acids with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, by the determination ... | 2001 | 11707275 |
| similar frequency of detection of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and clostridium difficile toxins in patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. | 2001 | 11714055 | |
| transcriptional analysis of the tet(p) operon from clostridium perfringens. | the clostridium perfringens tetracycline resistance determinant from the 47-kb conjugative r-plasmid pcw3 is unique in that it consists of two overlapping genes, teta(p) and tetb(p), which mediate resistance by different mechanisms. detailed transcriptional analysis has shown that the inducible teta(p) and tetb(p) genes comprise an operon that is transcribed from a single promoter, p3, located 529 bp upstream of the teta(p) start codon. deletion of p3 or alteration of the spacing between the -35 ... | 2001 | 11717269 |
| sanitary analysis of crude and composted activated sludge. | this paper presents a sanitary analysis of crude and composted activated sewage sludge from the sewage treatment plants in slawa near zielona g6ra in the period from september to december 1999. the composts were made from crude active sludge collected on 16.08.1999 with the addition of sawdust in a proportion of 15% with respect to dry sludge matter, and left in film bags with a capacity of 10 litres. composting was carried out at a temperature of 20 degrees c for 8 weeks. sanitary analysis of t ... | 2001 | 11720309 |
| preliminary microbiological investigation of the preparation of two traditional maori foods (kina and tiroi). | little information exists regarding the microbiology of two traditional maori food preparation processes which may involve fermentations. preliminary microbiological and chemical analyses were carried out on these two foods in order to identify the fermentations involved (if any). | 2001 | 11722658 |
| monitoring coastal marine waters for spore-forming bacteria of faecal and soil origin to determine point from non-point source pollution. | the us environmental protection agency (usepa) and the world health organization (who) have established recreational water quality standards limiting the concentrations of faecal indicator bacteria (faecal coliform, e. coli, enterococci) to ensure that these waters are safe for swimming. in the application of these hygienic water quality standards, it is assumed that there are no significant environmental sources of these faecal indicator bacteria which are unrelated to direct faecal contaminati ... | 2001 | 11724486 |
| general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease linked with poultry, england and wales, 1992-1999. | between 1992 and 1999, 1426 foodborne general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease (iid) were reported to the public health laboratory service communicable disease surveillance centre. a fifth were associated with the consumption of poultry. chicken was implicated in almost three quarters of these outbreaks, turkey in over a fifth and duck in 2% of outbreaks. the organisms most frequently reported were salmonella (30% of outbreaks), clostridium perfringens (21%) and campylobacter (6%). ove ... | 2001 | 11732355 |
| induction of pcw3-encoded tetracycline resistance in clostridium perfringens involves a host-encoded factor. | the tetracycline resistance determinant tet p, which is encoded by the conjugative plasmid pcw3 from clostridium perfringens, is induced by subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline. in this study we have shown that the inducible phenotype is strain dependent. when pcw3 is present in derivatives of the wild-type strains cw234 and cw362 resistance is inducible. however, transfer to derivatives of strain 13 leads to a constitutive phenotype that is only observed in this strain background. based ... | 2001 | 11735372 |
| the sialate-pyruvate lyase from pig kidney. elucidation of the primary structure and expression of recombinant enzyme activity. | the first complete primary structure of a mammalian sialate-pyruvate lyase, namely of the enzyme from porcine kidney, was elucidated by a combination of different pcr techniques followed by sequencing of the resulting fragments. the primers used were either deduced from four porcine lyase peptides or from an alignment of human and mouse expressed sequence tags (ests), which were found to be homologous to already known microbial lyase sequences, and cdna alone or after ligation with a plasmid vec ... | 2001 | 11737202 |
| arresting pore formation of a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin by disulfide trapping synchronizes the insertion of the transmembrane beta-sheet from a prepore intermediate. | perfringolysin o (pfo), a member of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin family of pore-forming toxins, forms large oligomeric complexes comprising up to 50 monomers. in the present study, a disulfide bridge was introduced between cysteine-substituted serine 190 of transmembrane hairpin 1 (tmh1) and cysteine-substituted glycine 57 of domain 2 of pfo. the resulting disulfide-trapped mutant (pfo(c190-c57)) was devoid of hemolytic activity and could not insert either of its transmembrane beta-hairpi ... | 2001 | 11102453 |
| comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against 362 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria. | the activity of abt-773, a novel ketolide antibiotic, against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was determined and compared to the activities of other antimicrobial agents. mics at which 90% of isolates were inhibited (mic(90)s) were </=0.06 microg/ml for actinomyces spp., clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococcus spp., propionibacterium spp., and porphyromonas spp. the mic(50)s and mic(90)s were </=0.06 and >32 microg/ml, respectively, for eubacterium spp., lactobacillus spp., clostridi ... | 2001 | 11120995 |
| dna-interactive anticancer aza-anthrapyrazoles: biophysical and biochemical studies relevant to the mechanism of action. | the physicochemical and dna-binding properties of anticancer 9-aza-anthrapyrazoles (9-aza-aps) were investigated and compared with the carbocyclic analogs losoxantrone (lx) and mitoxantrone (mx). unlike their carbocyclic counterparts, the tested 9-aza-aps do not undergo self-aggregation phenomena. the pyridine nitrogen at position 9, missing in the carbocyclic derivatives, is involved in protonation equilibria at physiological ph. in addition, 9-aza-aps are electrochemically reduced at a potenti ... | 2001 | 11125029 |
| evidence for extensive resistance gene transfer among bacteroides spp. and among bacteroides and other genera in the human colon. | transfer of antibiotic resistance genes by conjugation is thought to play an important role in the spread of resistance. yet virtually no information is available about the extent to which such horizontal transfers occur in natural settings. in this paper, we show that conjugal gene transfer has made a major contribution to increased antibiotic resistance in bacteroides species, a numerically predominant group of human colonic bacteria. over the past 3 decades, carriage of the tetracycline resis ... | 2001 | 11157217 |
| diacylglycerol generated in cho cell plasma membrane by phospholipase c is used for triacylglycerol synthesis. | the diacylglycerol (dag) signal generated from membrane phospholipids by hormone-activated phospholipases is attenuated by mechanisms that include lipolysis or phospholipid resynthesis. to determine whether the dag signal might also be terminated by incorporation of dag into triacylglycerol (tag), we studied the direct formation of tag from endogenous dag generated by bacterial phospholipase c (plc). when chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells prelabeled with [(14)c]oleate were treated with plc from ... | 2001 | 11160369 |
| a unique sialidase that cleaves the neu5gcalpha2-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5gc linkage: comparison of its specificity with that of three microbial sialidases toward four sialic acid dimers. | we found that the hepatopancreas of oyster, crassostrea virginica, contained a sialidase capable of releasing neu5gc from the novel polysialic acid chain (-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5gcalpha2-->)n more efficiently than from the conventional type of polysialic acid chains, (-->8neu5acalpha2-->)n, or (-->8neu5gcalpha2-->)n. we have partially purified this novel sialidase and compared its reactivity with that of microbial sialidases using four different sialic acid dimers, neu5gcalpha2-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5g ... | 2001 | 11162485 |
| the effect of calcium and sodium lactates on growth from spores of bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens in a 'sous-vide' beef goulash under temperature abuse. | the effect of calcium and sodium lactates on growth from spores of bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens at three different concentrations (0, 1.5 and 3% w/w) and at different temperatures (10, 15 and 20 degrees c for b. cereus and 15, 20 and 25 degrees c for c. perfringens) was investigated, using beef goulash as a model system for pasteurised vacuum-packaged convenience foods. calcium lactate at a level of 3% reduced the ph values of the samples from 6.0 to 5.5. no b. cereus growth was o ... | 2001 | 11205943 |
| hydrolase and sialyltransferase activities of trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase towards neuac-alpha-2,3-gal-gal-beta-o-pnp. | neuac-alpha-2,3-gal-beta-o-pnp has been synthesised and its ability to act as a substrate for the hydrolase and transferase activities of trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase have been investigated. the turn-over of this compound shows marked differences from the behaviour of neuac-mu. in addition, distinct differences in the action of t. cruzi trans-sialidase and clostridium perfringens neuraminidase on neuac-alpha-2,3-gal-beta-o-pnp were apparent. | 2001 | 11206445 |
| anti-anaerobic activity of antibacterial agents. | the first very effective bactericidal anti-anaerobic drug was metronidazole, introduced in clinical practice in the early 1980s. sometimes penicillin g and chloramphenicol were used successfully in some anaerobic infections. however, this result was most likely due to gram-positive anaerobic infections (e.g., clostridium perfringens). very rapidly, the anti-anaerobic armamentarium was extended with clindamycin, cefoxitin, imipenem and co-amoxyclav or piperacillin-tazobactam. the resistance rate ... | 2001 | 11178339 |
| in vitro fermentation characteristics of native and processed cereal grains and potato starch using ileal chyme from dogs. | two in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of small intestinal bacteria of dogs to ferment native and extruded cereal grains and potato starch and cereal grain and potato flours. substrates included barley, corn, potato, rice, sorghum, and wheat. in addition to testing native grains and flours, extruded substrates also were tested. substrates were extruded at low temperatures (lt; 79 to 93 degrees c) and high temperatures (ht; 124 to 140 degrees c) using a wenger extruder (m ... | 2001 | 11219453 |
| endangered species. cloned gaur a short-lived success. | 2001 | 11228123 | |
| genotyping of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens fecal isolates associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea and food poisoning in north america. | clostridium perfringens type a isolates producing enterotoxin (cpe) are an important cause of food poisoning and non-food-borne human gastrointestinal (gi) diseases, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea (aad). recent studies suggest that c. perfringens type a food poisoning is caused by c. perfringens isolates carrying a chromosomal cpe gene, while cpe-associated non-food-borne gi diseases, such as aad, are caused by plasmid cpe isolates. those putative relationships, obtained predominantly ... | 2001 | 11230399 |
| influence of butyric and lactic acids on the beta-glucuronidase activity of clostridium perfringens. | the beta-glucuronidase activity of intact cells of clostridium perfringens was not influenced by the presence of either 0.09 or 0.19% lactic or butyric acids. in contrast, the enhanced enzyme activity of intact cells due to sodium deoxycholate was significantly decreased by the presence of these acids. these results suggest the possibility that the development of cancer due to the intake of a high fat diet may be inhibited by the presence of organic acids produced by intestinal bacteria. | 2001 | 11264737 |
| partial characterization of polyfermenticin scd, a newly identified bacteriocin of bacillus polyfermenticus. | to characterize polyfermenticin scd, a newly identified bacteriocin of bacillus polyfermenticus scd. | 2001 | 11264742 |
| in vitro activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) against 502 strains of anaerobic bacteria. | in a previous study, we compared hmr 3004 with azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and roxithromycin against 502 anaerobic bacteria using nccls-approved procedures. this report extends this study by reporting the activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) against these strains. telithromycin inhibited 10% of bacteroides fragilis, 50% of other b. fragilis group organisms and 93% of other bacteroides spp. telithromycin inhibited all porphyromonas spp. and 98% of prevotella spp. activity against b ... | 2001 | 11266423 |
| [molecular mechanism of membrane pore formation with cholesterol binding cytolysin: streptolysin o and perfringolysin o]. | 2001 | 11268657 | |
| a second example of a transfusion-associated septic reaction associated with clostridium perfringens. | 2001 | 11274602 | |
| long-term hepatitis c seroconversion in a blood donor. | 2001 | 11274603 | |
| a dominant negative mutant of bacillus anthracis protective antigen inhibits anthrax toxin action in vivo. | pa63, a proteolytically activated 63-kda form of anthrax protective antigen (pa), forms heptameric oligomers and has the ability to bind and translocate the catalytic moieties, lethal factor (lf), and edema factor (ef) into the cytosol of mammalian cells. acidic ph triggers oligomerization and membrane insertion by pa63. a disordered amphipathic loop in domain ii of pa (2beta2-2beta3 loop) is involved in membrane insertion by pa63. because conditions required for membrane insertion coincide with ... | 2001 | 11278644 |
| clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin induces a rapid change of cell membrane permeability to ions and forms channels in artificial lipid bilayers. | epsilon toxin is a potent toxin produced by clostridium perfringens types b and d, which are responsible for a rapidly fatal enterotoxemia in animals. one of the main properties of epsilon toxin is the production of edema. we have previously found that epsilon toxin causes a rapid swelling of madin-darby canine kidney cells and that the toxin does not enter the cytosol and remains associated with the cell membrane by forming a large complex (petit, l., gibert, m., gillet, d., laurent-winter, c., ... | 2001 | 11278669 |
| cleavage of a c-terminal peptide is essential for heptamerization of clostridium perfringens epsilon-toxin in the synaptosomal membrane. | activation of clostridium perfringens epsilon-protoxin by tryptic digestion is accompanied by removal of the 13 n-terminal and 22 c-terminal amino acid residues. in this study, we examined the toxicity of four constructs: an epsilon-protoxin derivative (pd), in which a factor xa cleavage site was generated at the c-terminal trypsin-sensitive site; pd without the 13 n-terminal residues (deltan-pd); pd without the 23 c-terminal residues (deltac-pd); and pd without either the n- or c-terminal resid ... | 2001 | 11278924 |
| [collaboration between laboratories with regard to instances of food poisoning]. | 2001 | 11282532 | |
| detection of phospholipase c in nontuberculous mycobacteria and its possible role in hemolytic activity. | phospholipase c plays a key role in the pathogenesis of several bacterial infections, for example, those caused by clostridium perfringens and listeria monocytogenes. previous studies have reported multiple copies of plc genes homologous to pseudomonas aeruginosa plch and plcn genes encoding the hemolytic and nonhemolytic phospholipase c enzymes in the genomes of mycobacterium tuberculosis, m. marinum, m. bovis, and m. ulcerans. in this study we analyzed the possible relationship between phospho ... | 2001 | 11283062 |
| cellular uptake of the clostridium perfringens binary iota-toxin. | the binary iota-toxin is produced by clostridium perfringens type e strains and consists of two separate proteins, the binding component iota b (98 kda) and an actin-adp-ribosylating enzyme component iota a (47 kda). iota b binds to the cell surface receptor and mediates the translocation of iota a into the cytosol. here we studied the cellular uptake of iota-toxin into vero cells. bafilomycin a1, but not brefeldin a or nocodazole, inhibited the cytotoxic effects of iota-toxin, indicating that t ... | 2001 | 11292715 |
| enterotoxin plasmid from clostridium perfringens is conjugative. | clostridium perfringens enterotoxin is the major virulence factor involved in the pathogenesis of c. perfringens type a food poisoning and several non-food-borne human gastrointestinal illnesses. the enterotoxin gene, cpe, is located on the chromosome of food-poisoning isolates but is found on a large plasmid in non-food-borne gastrointestinal disease isolates and in veterinary isolates. to evaluate whether the cpe plasmid encodes its own conjugative transfer, a c. perfringens strain carrying pm ... | 2001 | 11292780 |
| genomic map of clostridium perfringens strain 13. | a physical and genetic map of clostridium perfringens strain 13 was constructed. c. perfringens strain 13 was found to have a 3.1-mb chromosome and a large 50-kb plasmid, indicating that strain 13 has a relatively small genome among c. perfringens strains. a total of 313 genetic markers were mapped on the chromosome of strain 13. compared with the physical and genetic map of c. perfringens cpn50, strain 13 had a quite similar genome organization, but with a large deletion (approximately 400 kb) ... | 2001 | 11293486 |
| bactericidal properties of the chloroform fraction from rhizomes of aristolochia paucinervis pomel. | the deffated chloroform fraction (aprc) obtained from the rhizomes of aristolochia paucinervis pomel (aristolochiaceae) has a high bacteriostatic activity against bacterial strains like clostridium perfringens atcc 13124 and enterococcus faecalis atcc 29212. here, we report the bactericidal activity of aprc against both strains which was evaluated by using time-to kill assays. the results showed that aprc produced an intense time-dependent bactericidal effect against c. perfringens, achieving ov ... | 2001 | 11297853 |
| infections in patients with immunodeficiency with thymoma (good syndrome). report of 5 cases and review of the literature. | immunodeficiency with thymoma (good syndrome, gs) is a rare, adult-onset condition that is characterized by thymoma, hypogammaglobulinemia, and low numbers of peripheral b cells. cd4+ t lymphopenia and an inverted cd4:cd8+ t-cell ratio may be present. here we report 5 patients with gs and infectious complications who were seen at 3 institutions between 1983 and 1999. three patients had recurrent sinopulmonary infections, 3 had severe cytomegalovirus (cmv) disease, and 1 had pneumocystis carinii ... | 2001 | 11307588 |
| elucidation of the role of functional amino acid residues of the small sialidase from clostridium perfringens by site-directed mutagenesis. | bacterial sialidases represent important colonization or virulence factors. the development of a rational basis for the design of antimicrobials targeted to sialidases requires the knowledge of the exact roles of their conserved amino acids. a recombinant enzyme of the 'small' (43 kda) sialidase of clostridium perfringens was used as a model in our study. several conserved amino acids, identified by alignment of known sialidase sequences, were altered by site-directed mutagenesis. all recombinan ... | 2001 | 11308029 |
| selective binding of perfringolysin o derivative to cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains (rafts). | there is increasing evidence that sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich microdomains (rafts) exist in the plasma membrane. specific proteins assemble in these membrane domains and play a role in signal transduction and many other cellular events. cholesterol depletion causes disassembly of the raft-associated proteins, suggesting an essential role of cholesterol in the structural maintenance and function of rafts. however, no tool has been available for the detection and monitoring of raft choleste ... | 2001 | 11309501 |
| clostridium perfringens prototoxin-induced alteration of endothelial barrier antigen (eba) immunoreactivity at the blood-brain barrier (bbb). | it has been reported that the severe cerebral edema produced in experimental animals by clostridium perfringens (cl p) type d epsilon toxin can be prevented by prior treatment with its precursor prototoxin due to competitive binding to endothelial cells (ecs) at the blood-brain barrier (bbb). in this study we investigate the effects of the prototoxin on the bbb, without added toxin. the integrity of the bbb was assessed by its ability to prevent leakage of endogenous albumin. ecs at the bbb were ... | 2001 | 11312560 |
| removal of indicator bacteria, human enteric viruses, giardia cysts, and cryptosporidium oocysts at a large wastewater primary treatment facility. | pathogens and fecal indicator bacteria occurrence and removal were studied for a period of 6 months at the montreal urban community wastewater treatment facility. with a capacity of about 7.6 million cubic metres per day (two billion u.s. gallons per day), it is the largest primary physico-chemical treatment plant in america. the plant discharges a nondisinfected effluent containing about 20 mg/l of suspended matter and 0.5 mg/l of total phosphorus on the basis of average annual concentrations. ... | 2001 | 11315109 |
| evaluation of an automated culture system for detecting bacterial contamination of platelets: an analysis with 15 contaminating organisms. | approximately 1 in 2000 platelet components are bacterially contaminated. the time to detection of 15 seeded organisms in platelets recovered from an automated culture system was studied. | 2001 | 11316897 |
| comparison of tn5397 from clostridium difficile, tn916 from enterococcus faecalis and the cw459tet(m) element from clostridium perfringens shows that they have similar conjugation regions but different insertion and excision modules. | comparative analysis of the conjugative transposons tn5397 from clostridium difficile and tn916 from enterococcus faecalis, and the cw459tet(m) element from clostridium perfringens, has revealed that these tetracycline-resistance elements are closely related. all three elements contain the tet(m) resistance gene and have sequence similarity throughout their central region. however, they have very different integration/excision modules. instead of the int and xis genes that are found in tn916, tn ... | 2001 | 11320127 |
| foodborne diseases in kenya. | to determine the occurrence of foodborne disease outbreaks in kenya and the efforts employed to combat them. | 2001 | 11320765 |
| linezolid: a review of its use in the management of serious gram-positive infections. | linezolid is the first of a new class of antibacterial drugs, the oxazolidinones. it has inhibitory activity against a broad range of gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), glycopeptide-intermediate s. aureus (gisa), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) and penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. the drug also shows activity against certain anaerobes, including clostridium perfringens, c. difficile, peptostreptococcus spp. and bacteroidesfr ... | 2001 | 11324682 |
| recurrent diarrhea associated with enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens in 2 dogs. | two dogs were diagnosed with enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens-associated diarrhea. diarrhea was responsive to antimicrobial therapy, but recurred after treatment was ceased. clostridium perfringens enterotoxin was present in feces during diarrheic episodes but not when feces were normal. both dogs responded to a prolonged course of oral cephalexin and dietary modification. | 2001 | 11326633 |
| case of the season. emphysematous cholecystitis. | 2001 | 11329659 | |
| reduced incidence of clostridium perfringens-associated lesions and improved performance in broiler chickens treated with normal intestinal bacteria from adult fowl. | the dosing of young chicks with cultures of normal gut flora has been termed "competitive exclusion" (ce). this study was undertaken to examine, under field conditions, the effect of ce treatment on counts of intestinal clostridium perfringens (cp) and on the occurrence of cp-associated disease in broiler chickens. a farm having recurrent cp-associated health problems was selected as study site. the study comprised four broiler houses, with one treated and one untreated flock per house. treated ... | 2001 | 11332476 |
| efficacy of narasin in the prevention of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. | the efficacy of narasin in the control of necrotic enteritis (ne) was investigated in a floor pen study of 2000 broiler chickens using a clostridium perfringens feed inoculum challenge model. treatments were 1) nonmedicated, nonchallenged; 2) nonmedicated, challenged; 3) narasin, nonchallenged; 4) narasin, challenged. narasin was administered at 70 ppm in the feed from day 0 to trial termination on day 41. challenge inoculum contained approximately 1 x 10(8) colony-forming units cp/ml and was ad ... | 2001 | 11332485 |
| tyrosine 331 and phenylalanine 334 in clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin are essential for cytotoxic activity. | differences in the biological properties of the clostridium perfringens phospholipase c (alpha-toxin) and the c. bifermentans phospholipase c (cbp) have been attributed to differences in their carboxy-terminal domains. three residues in the carboxy-terminal domain of alpha-toxin, which have been proposed to play a role in membrane recognition (d269, y331 and f334), are not conserved in cbp (y, l and i respectively). we have characterised d269y, y331l and f334i variant forms of alpha-toxin. varia ... | 2001 | 11334886 |
| microbiological status of commercially available medicinal herbal drugs--a screening study. | one hundred and thirty-eight medicinal herbal drugs obtained from different suppliers were examined for microbial contaminants and for the detectability of pathogenic microorganisms. for this purpose, several microbiological standard parameters (total aerobic mesophilic count, enterobacteria, coliforms, aerobic sporeformers, yeasts and moulds, enterococci, lactobacilli, pseudomonades and aeromades) and selective methods for the detection of indicator microorganisms and pathogens (e. coli, entero ... | 2001 | 11345700 |
| seasonal variations in the microbial population density present in biological sludge. | sludge produced during the treatment of wastewater is being used as fertilizer in several gulf countries. the water and sewage authority of saudi arabia has targeted the reuse of the total amount of sludge in the future. however, these sludges should be properly treated before reuse as they contain a large number of pathogens and parasites. little information is available on the microbial characteristics of sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants operating in this region. variations in th ... | 2001 | 11346282 |
| weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes antagonize the haemolytic activity of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin producer. | the production of haemolytic antagonism between weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes (wbetahis) related to human intestinal spirochaetosis and clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin producer was investigated. a reduction of the clostridial haemolytic activity and a distortion of the haemolytic halo of clostridial alpha-toxin surrounded by a small zone of poorly cooperative haemolysis was clearly observed on the level of the spirochaetal growth area when 40 out of 41 wbetahis were cu ... | 2001 | 11346295 |
| bacterial intestinal flora associated with enterotoxaemia in belgian blue calves. | the enterotoxaemia syndrome in belgian blue calves is characterised by a high case fatality rate, sudden death, lesions of haemorrhagic enteritis of the small intestine and, quite often an absence of other clinical signs but its cause has not been yet identified. as a first step in this identification, the aerobic and anaerobic intestinal flora of a population of 78 calves, originating from farms located in southern belgium and that died in circumstances defined as "calf enterotoxaemia" (study p ... | 2001 | 11356315 |
| role of residues constituting the 2beta1 strand of domain ii in the biological activity of anthrax protective antigen. | anthrax toxin consists of three proteins, protective antigen, lethal factor and oedema factor. a proteolytically activated 63-kda fragment of protective antigen binds lethal factor/oedema factor and translocates them into the cytosol. domain ii of protective antigen has been implicated in membrane insertion and channel formation. in the present study, alanine substitutions in 14 consecutive residues of the 2beta1 strand that are highly homologous to the putative membrane interacting segment of c ... | 2001 | 11356563 |
| the effect of bacterial enterotoxins implicated in sids on the rabbit intestine. | the aim of this project was to characterise the type of damage caused to the intestine of the infant rabbit by bacterial enterotoxins implicated in sudden infant death syndrome (sids). samples of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and large intestine exposed to the toxins for up to 6 hours were examined by scanning (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the damage was quantitatively assessed (% villi damaged) by sem and qualitatively by sem and tem. clostridium perfringens enterotox ... | 2001 | 11358052 |
| intestinal epithelial damage in sids babies and its similarity to that caused by bacterial toxins in the rabbit. | sections of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and large intestine from 14 sudden infant death syndrome (sids) babies were examined by scanning (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the type and amount of damage was characterised and quantitated and compared with the presence of clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in faecal samples from the babies and toxins from the bacteria in faecal samples and serum from the babies. the dat ... | 2001 | 11358053 |
| partial characterization of an enzyme fraction with protease activity which converts the spore peptidoglycan hydrolase (slec) precursor to an active enzyme during germination of clostridium perfringens s40 spores and analysis of a gene cluster involved in the activity. | a spore cortex-lytic enzyme of clostridium perfringens s40 which is encoded by slec is synthesized at an early stage of sporulation as a precursor consisting of four domains. after cleavage of an n-terminal presequence and a c-terminal prosequence during spore maturation, inactive proenzyme is converted to active enzyme by processing of an n-terminal prosequence with germination-specific protease (gsp) during germination. the present study was undertaken to characterize gsp. in the presence of 3 ... | 2001 | 11371539 |
| molecular evidence that the capacity for endosporulation is universal among phototrophic heliobacteria. | although enrichment cultures for anoxygenic phototrophic heliobacteria commonly contain sporulating cells, once strains of heliobacteria are obtained in pure culture, they all but cease to sporulate. in fact, some species of heliobacteria have never been observed to sporulate. thus, despite their phylogenetic connection to endospore-forming bacteria, the question of sporulation capacity in heliobacteria remains open. we have investigated this problem using pcr and southern hybridization as tools ... | 2001 | 11377866 |
| differentiation of clostridium perfringens and clostridium botulinum from non-toxigenic clostridia, isolated from prepared and frozen foods by pcr-dan based methods. | during the elaboration process of prepared and frozen foods, clostridium sp. have been reported. from those microorganisms, c. perfringens and c. botulinum may pose a high risk for the consumers. to avoid these pathogenic organisms an haccp program should be implemented, but in addition sensitive and moderately time consuming microbiological methods for monitoring c. perfringens and c. boulinum should be established. in this work, an rflp analysis of the 16s rdna will be developed to differentia ... | 2001 | 11379285 |
| assessment and impact of microbial fecal pollution and human enteric pathogens in a coastal community. | the goals of this study were to assess watersheds impacted by high densities of osds (onsite sewage disposal systems) for evidence of fecal contamination and evaluate the occurrence of human pathogens in coastal waters off west florida. eleven stations (representing six watersheds) were intensively sampled for microbial indicators of fecal pollution (fecal coliform bacteria, enterococci, clostridium perfringens and coliphage) and the human enteric pathogens, cryptosporidium, giardia, and enterov ... | 2001 | 11381749 |
| a novel endo-beta-galactosidase from clostridium perfringens that liberates the disaccharide glcnacalpha 1-->gal from glycans specifically expressed in the gastric gland mucous cell-type mucin. | we found that commercially available sialidases prepared from clostridium perfringens atcc10543 were contaminated with an endoglycosidase capable of releasing the disaccharide glcnacalpha1-->4gal from glycans expressed in the gastric gland mucous cell-type mucin. we have isolated this enzyme in electrophoretically homogeneous form from the culture supernatant of this organism by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by affinity chromatography using a sephacryl s-200 hr column. the enzyme was s ... | 2001 | 11382776 |
| clostridium perfringens as a potential indicator for the presence of sewage solids in marine sediments. | marine sediment cores collected from several depths of water and distances from a california sewage outfall were tested to see if sediments influenced by sewage solids were a reservoir of enteric pathogens, and if concentrations of indicator bacteria were related to the presence of sewage solids. vertical distributions of microorganisms in marine sediments were determined; there was a decrease of indicator bacteria with increasing sediment depth. aeromonas was randomly isolated, but none of the ... | 2001 | 11382981 |
| acute necrotizing bacterial tonsillitis with clostridium perfringens. | bacterial infection with clostridium perfringens in children less than 2 years of age is frequently associated with meningitis, necrotizing gastrointestinal infection, and postoperative infections. however, a review of the literature reveals no reports of these bacteria infecting the tonsils. a 9-month old black female was found unresponsive at the baby-sitter's and was rushed to the hospital. shortly after admission to the emergency department death was pronounced. an autopsy performed on this ... | 2001 | 11394754 |
| clostridium perfringens enterotoxicosis in two amur leopards (panthera pardus orientalis). | two 6-yr-old male sibling amur leopards (panthera pardus orientalis) housed together at the pittsburgh zoo presented for acute onset of diarrhea with no changes in appetite or behavior. heat-fixed modified wright-stained and gram-stained fecal smears revealed a mixed bacterial population with a large number of gram-positive clostridium perfringens-like spores (>20 per high-power oil immersion field). in addition, c. perfringens enterotoxin was isolated from one leopard at 1:256, confirming the p ... | 2001 | 12790411 |
| irradiation of diets fed to captive exotic felids: microbial destruction, consumption, and fecal consistency. | two frozen, raw horse meat-based diets fed to captive exotic felids at brookfield zoo were irradiated to determine the extent of microbial destruction and whether radiation treatment would affect consumption and/or fecal consistency in exotic cats. fifteen cats, two african lions (panthera leo), two amur tigers (panthera tigris altaica), one amur leopard (panthera pardus orientalis), two clouded leopards (neofelis nebulosa), two caracals (felis caracal), one bobcat (felis rufus), and five fishin ... | 2001 | 12785680 |
| the c-terminal domain of pancreatic lipase: functional and structural analogies with c2 domains. | the 3d structure of pancreatic lipase (pl) consists of two functional domains. the n-terminal domain belongs to the alpha/beta hydrolase fold and contains the active site, which involves a catalytic triad analogous to that present in serine proteases. the beta-sandwich c-terminal domain of pl plays an important part in the binding process between the lipase and colipase, the specific pl cofactor. recent structure-function studies have suggested that the pl c-terminal domain may have an extra rol ... | 2000 | 12369922 |
| cholangiohepatitis in broiler chickens in japan: histopathological, immunohistochemical and microbiological studies of spontaneous disease. | forty-five broiler carcasses from 6 different flocks were condemned due to liver lesions at processing meat inspection, and collected for pathological and bacterial examinations. all affected chickens showed liver enlargement with discolouration and an apparent acinar pattern. the enlarged gallbladder and the extrahepatic bile ducts contained yellow inspissated cream-coloured material. histopathologically, extensive proliferation of bile ductules with fibrosis was observed in interlobular connec ... | 2000 | 11402676 |
| [intestinal flora of patients with suspected antibiotic associated diarrhea (aad). i. clostridium perfringens]. | stool samples of 158 patients suspected of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (aad) were studied. toxin a of c. difficile and enterotoxin of c. perfringens were detected in stool samples by immunoenzymatic assays and pcr. in 35 stool samples toxin a of c. difficile was detected and in 48 cases (30%) c. difficile strains were cultured from 21 stool samples (13%). the presence of the cpe gene of c. perfringens, enabling the production of enterotoxin, could not be detected by pcr, both in stool sample ... | 2000 | 11286179 |
| weaning of piglets. effects of an exposure to a pathogenic strain of escherichia coli. | the influence of weaning on day 32 and a simultaneous challenge with a pathogenic strain of escherichia coli was studied in eight piglets. another nine weaned but non-infected piglets were used as controls. the distribution of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) into subpopulations, as well as their response when stimulated in vitro by pokeweed mitogen, changed in a similar manner during post-weaning in both groups. in contrast, superior responses were recorded for pbmc collected from the ... | 2000 | 11244867 |
| clostridial enterocolitis. | equine clostridial enterocolitis is being recognized with increasing frequency. it has been identified in foals with diarrhea, antibiotic-associated enterocolitis, or nosocomial enterocolitis. the sporadic occurrence of clostridial enterocolitis, the variety of types of clostridia involved, and the difficulty of experimentally reproducing the disease suggest that it is a poorly defined multifactorial syndrome. the risk factors associated with susceptibility to colonization and progressive infect ... | 2000 | 11219344 |
| translocation of bacillus anthracis lethal and oedema factors across endosome membranes. | the two exotoxins of bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, are the oedema toxin (pa-ef) and the lethal toxin (pa-lf). they exert their catalytic activities within the cytosol. the internalization process requires receptor-mediated endocytosis and passage through acidic vesicles. we investigated the translocation of ef and lf enzymatic moieties across the target cell membrane. by selective permeabilization of the plasma membrane with clostridium perfringens delta-toxin, we observed ... | 2000 | 11207582 |
| the anaerobic pathogen clostridium perfringens can escape the phagosome of macrophages under aerobic conditions. | clostridium perfringens is the most common cause of gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis), a disease that begins when ischaemic tissues become contaminated with c. perfringens vegetative cells or spores. an aerotolerant anaerobe, c. perfringens quickly multiplies in ischaemic tissues and spreads to healthy areas, leading to a high level of morbidity and mortality. as a species, the bacterium can synthesize 13 different toxins, and these are thought to be the major virulence factors of the disea ... | 2000 | 11207604 |
| microbiology. listeria enlists host in its attack. | 2000 | 11184728 | |
| purification and characterization of alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminidase from clostridium perfringens. | alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminidase from clostridium perfringens is an exoglycosidase that degrades the human blood type a epitope. a highly purified preparation of alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminidase was obtained from c. perfringens by salt precipitation, gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, chromatofocusing, and high-pressure liquid chromatography. the final preparation was homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a molecular mass of 72.1 kda. the enzyme w ... | 2000 | 11185964 |
| the structure and function of claudins, cell adhesion molecules at tight junctions. | tight junctions (tjs) play a pivotal role in compartmentalization in multicellular organisms by sealing the paracellular pathway in epithelial and endothelial cell sheets. recently, novel integral membrane proteins, claudins, have been identified as major cell adhesion molecules working at tjs. claudins comprise a multigene family, and each member of approximately 23 kda bears four transmembrane domains. to date, 15 members of this gene family have been identified. when expression vectors of eac ... | 2000 | 11193568 |
| molecular epidemiology survey of toxinogenic clostridium perfringens strain types by multiplex pcr. | toxin genotypes of 95 c. perfringens strains collected within a 45-year period were analysed by a multiplex pcr. a set of primers designed for 4 different genes encoding the alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota toxins was used in a single reaction with a sensitivity of gene detection of 200 fg for dna extracted from pure culture. most of the strains (97%) conformed to the a biotype, and the remaining to the c or e biotypes. for biotype determination, seroneutralization of lethality in mice was perform ... | 2000 | 11200374 |
| calibration of the disk diffusion test for trovafloxacin susceptibility testing of four anaerobic species. | to study trovafloxacin susceptibility among clinical isolates of four anaerobic bacterial species using minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) determinations, e test assays and disk diffusion test results and to calibrate the disk diffusion method for these species using single strain regression analysis (sra). | 2000 | 11168107 |
| bacteria associated with processed crawfish and potential toxin production by clostridium botulinum type e in vacuum-packaged and aerobically packaged crawfish tails. | refrigerated vacuum-packaged storage has been shown to increase significantly the shelf life of fresh fish and seafood products, but the effect, if any, on the outgrowth and toxin production of clostridium botulinum type e on cooked crawfish is unknown. microflora associated with live crawfish reflect the microbial populations of the harvest water and sediments in which they are living. the presence or absence of specific pathogens in either vacuum-packaged or air-permeable bags of cooked crawfi ... | 2000 | 11131892 |
| identification of residues in the carboxy-terminal domain of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin (phospholipase c) which are required for its biological activities. | a panel of random mutants within the dna encoding the carboxy-terminal domain of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin was constructed. three mutants were identified which encoded alpha-toxin variants (lys330glu, asp305gly, and asp293ser) with reduced hemolytic activity. these variants also had diminished phospholipase c activity toward aggregated egg yolk phospholipid and reduced cytotoxic and myotoxic activities. asp305gly showed a significantly increased enzymatic activity toward the monodisper ... | 2000 | 11147832 |
| the impact of various browse feeds with different tannin content on the fecal shedding of clostridium perfringens in west african dwarf sheep. | in 1994 and 1995 leaves from eight browse feeds, containing tannins in different amounts (bf), were fed to west african dwarf sheep in benin to evaluate their impact on clostridium perfringens in the intestinal tract. an inhibitory impact of various bf on the growth of c. perfringens was assessed in in-vitro assays before, and thus a potential use of these leaves as a preventive diet against c. perfringens enterotoxemia in small ruminants was assumed. surprisingly, an inhibitory impact of the bf ... | 2000 | 11153223 |
| successful treatment of mediastinal gas gangrene due to esophageal perforation. | esophageal perforation and mediastinal gas gangrene developed in a 55-year-old male after the endoscopic ethanol injection of a mallory-weiss ulcer. initially, extensive gangrene of the esophagus and the mediastinum was treated by esophagectomy; however, an abundance of clostridium perfringens in the gram stain verified the presence of gas gangrene. subsequently, the patient was transferred to a hyperbaric oxygen center, wherein a total of seven hyperbaric treatments were administered. the patie ... | 2000 | 11156138 |
| mechanism of membrane insertion of a multimeric beta-barrel protein: perfringolysin o creates a pore using ordered and coupled conformational changes. | perfringolysin o, a bacterial cytolytic toxin, forms unusually large pores in cholesterol-containing membranes by the spontaneous insertion of two of its four domains into the bilayer. by monitoring the kinetics of domain-specific conformational changes and pore formation using fluorescence spectroscopy, the temporal sequence of domain-membrane interactions has been established. one membrane-exposed domain does not penetrate deeply into the bilayer and is not part of the actual pore, but is resp ... | 2000 | 11106760 |
| cholesterol-binding cytolytic protein toxins. | cholesterol-binding cytolysins (cbcs) are a large family of 50- to 60-kda single-chain proteins produced by 23 taxonomically different species of gram-positive bacteria from the genera streptococcus, bacillus, clostridium, listeria and arcanobacterium. apart pneumolysin, which is an intracytoplasmic toxin, all the other toxins are secreted in the extracellular medium. among the species producing cbcs, only l. monocytogenes and l. ivanovii are intracellular pathogens which grow and release their ... | 2000 | 11111910 |
| opening of the active site of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin may be triggered by membrane binding. | on the basis of amino acid sequence homologies with other phospholipases c, the alpha-toxin of clostridium perfringens was predicted to be a two-domain protein. using truncated forms of alpha-toxin the phospholipase c active site was shown to be located in the amino-terminal domain. crystallographic studies have confirmed this organisation and have also revealed that the carboxy-terminal domain is structurally similar to the phospholipid-binding domains in eukaryotic proteins. this information h ... | 2000 | 11111911 |
| structural basis of pore formation by cholesterol-binding toxins. | in this paper we describe reconstructions by electron cryo-microscopy of two oligomeric states of the pore-forming toxin pneumolysin. the results are interpreted by the fitting of atomic models of separated domains to the 3-dimensional electron density maps, revealing two steps in the mechanism of pore formation by the family of cholesterol-binding toxins. we briefly describe the observation of the toxin pore in model membranes and contrast the apparent mechanism of pneumolysin with that of othe ... | 2000 | 11111916 |
| the pathogenesis of clostridial myonecrosis. | these pieces of evidence can be assimilated into a molecular and cellular model of pathogenesis which is initiated by direct toxin effects upon venous capillary endothelial cell function, leading to expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and adhesion molecules, and initiation of platelet aggregation. toxin-induced hyperadhesion of leukocytes (see above section) with enhanced respiratory burst activity (due to toxins directly or to toxin-induced il-8 or paf synthesis by host cells) and toxin-in ... | 2000 | 11111933 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialyl oligosaccharides with sialidases employing transglycosylation methodology. | a series of sialyloligosaccharides was synthesized using the transglycolytic activity of the sialidases from vibrio cholerae, clostridium perfringens, salmonella typhimurium, and newcastle disease virus. according to their hydrolytic activities the sialidases from v. cholerae and c. perfringens catalyze preferentially the formation of sialyl alpha(2-6)-linkages whereas the sialidases from s.typhimurium and newcastle disease virus show a distinct preference for alpha(2-3) directed sialylations. u ... | 2000 | 11112571 |
| early attachment of anaerobic bacteria may play an important role in biliary stent blockage. | in vitro studies have demonstrated that ciprofloxacin suppresses escherichia coli attachment on stents, and ciprofloxacin has been shown to prolong stent patency in cats. however, clinical studies with antibiotic prophylaxis have produced conflicting results. the aim of this study was to isolate and identify the bacteria that attach early on unblocked stents removed from patients and to study their enzyme activities. | 2000 | 11115903 |
| clostridial gas gangrene. i. cellular and molecular mechanisms of microvascular dysfunction induced by exotoxins of clostridium perfringens. | mechanisms responsible for the rapid tissue destruction in gas gangrene are not well understood. to examine the early effects of clostridium perfringens exotoxins on tissue perfusion, a rat model of muscle blood flow was developed. intramuscular injection of a clostridial toxin preparation containing both phospholipase c (plc) and theta-toxin caused a rapid (1-2 min) and irreversible decrease in blood flow that paralleled formation of activated platelet aggregates in venules and arterioles. late ... | 2000 | 10950774 |
| clostridial gas gangrene. ii. phospholipase c-induced activation of platelet gpiibiiia mediates vascular occlusion and myonecrosis in clostridium perfringens gas gangrene. | clostridium perfringens gas gangrene is a fulminant infection, and radical amputation remains the single best treatment. it has been hypothesized that rapid tissue destruction is related to tissue hypoxia secondary to toxin-induced vascular obstruction, and previous studies demonstrated that phospholipase c (plc) caused a rapid and irreversible decrease in skeletal muscle blood flow that paralleled the formation of intravascular aggregates of activated platelets, fibrin, and leukocytes. in this ... | 2000 | 10950775 |
| structural basis of polyamine-dna recognition: spermidine and spermine interactions with genomic b-dnas of different gc content probed by raman spectroscopy. | four genomic dnas of differing gc content (micrococcus luteus, 72% gc; escherichia coli, 50% gc; calf thymus, 42% gc; clostridium perfringens, 27% gc) have been employed as targets of interaction by the cationic polyamines spermidine ([h(3)n(ch(2))(3)nh(2)(ch(2))(4)nh(3)](3+)) and spermine ([(ch(2))(4)(nh(2)(ch(2))(3)nh(3))(2)](4+)). in solutions containing 60 mm dna phosphate (approximately 20 mg dna/ml) and either 1, 5 or 60 mm polyamine, only raman bands associated with the phosphates exhibit ... | 2000 | 10954608 |
| the mechanism of pore assembly for a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin: formation of a large prepore complex precedes the insertion of the transmembrane beta-hairpins. | perfringolysin o (pfo) is a member of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (cdc) family of membrane-penetrating toxins. the cdcs form large homooligomers (estimated to be comprised of up to 50 cdc monomers) that are responsible for generating a large pore in cholesterol-containing membranes of eukaryotic cells. the assembly of the pfo cytolytic complex was examined to determine whether it forms an oligomeric prepore complex on the membrane prior to the insertion of its membrane-spanning beta-shee ... | 2000 | 10956018 |
| the fate of stormwater-associated bacteria in constructed wetland and water pollution control pond systems. | the performances of a constructed wetland and a water pollution control pond were compared in terms of their abilities to reduce stormwater bacterial loads to recreational waters. concentrations of thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci and heterotrophic bacteria were determined in inflow and outflow samples collected from each system over a 6-month period. bacterial removal was significantly less effective in the water pollution control pond than in the constructed wetland. this was attributed t ... | 2000 | 10971769 |
| influence of sodium chloride on the beta-glucuronidase activity of clostridium perfringens and escherichia coli. | while the beta-glucuronidase activity of intact cells of clostridium perfringens was higher in 0.95% sodium chloride (nacl) than that in 0, 0.1 or 0.5%, that of escherichia coli was higher in 0.1% nacl than that in 0, 0.5 or 0.95% nacl in 0.1 mol l-1 kh2po4. however, the enzyme activity of both species of intact cells was higher in buffer containing 16 meq sodium, 134 meq potassium and 16 meq chloride per litre than in that containing 146 meq sodium, 13 meq potassium and 146 meq chloride. these ... | 2000 | 10972740 |
| the n-terminal prepeptide is required for the production of spore cortex-lytic enzyme from its inactive precursor during germination of clostridium perfringens s40 spores. | a spore cortex-lytic enzyme of clostridium perfringens s40 is synthesized during sporulation as a precursor consisting of four domains. after cleavage of an n-terminal preregion and a c-terminal proregion, inactive proenzyme (termed c35) is converted to active enzyme by processing of an n-terminal prosequence with germination-specific protease (gsp) during germination. the present results demonstrated that the cleaved n-terminal prepeptide remained associated with c35. after the isolated complex ... | 2000 | 10972804 |
| role of tryptophan-1 in hemolytic and phospholipase c activities of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. | replacement of the trp-1 in clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin with tyrosine caused no effect on hemolytic and phospholipase c (plc) activities or on binding to the zinc ion, but that of the residue with alanine, glycine and histidine led to drastic decreases in these activities and a significant reduction in binding to the zinc ion. the hemolytic and plc activities of w1h and w1a were significantly increased by the preincubation of these variant toxins with zinc ions, but the preincubation of ... | 2000 | 10981831 |