Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| quantitative analysis of population heterogeneity of the adaptive salt stress response and growth capacity of bacillus cereus atcc 14579. | bacterial populations can display heterogeneity with respect to both the adaptive stress response and growth capacity of individual cells. the growth dynamics of bacillus cereus atcc 14579 during mild and severe salt stress exposure were investigated for the population as a whole in liquid culture. to quantitatively assess the population heterogeneity of the stress response and growth capacity at a single-cell level, a direct imaging method was applied to monitor cells from the initial inoculum ... | 2007 | 17545319 |
| germination of bacillus cereus spores is induced by germinants from differentiated caco-2 cells, a human cell line mimicking the epithelial cells of the small intestine. | spores of 11 enterotoxigenic strains of bacillus cereus isolated from foods and humans adhered with similar efficiencies to caco-2 cells, whereas subsequent germination triggering was observed with only 8 of these strains. notably, hep-2 cells did not trigger germination, while spores of all strains displayed similar germination efficiencies in brain heart infusion broth. | 2007 | 17545321 |
| crystal structure of homoserine o-succinyltransferase from bacillus cereus at 2.4 a resolution. | 2007 | 17546672 | |
| influence of biofilm composition on the resistance to detachment. | bacillus cereus and pseudomonas fluorescens were used to develop monoculture biofilms in a bioreactor rotating system using a stainless steel cylinder for biofilm formation. the biofilms were allowed to grow for 7 days, exposed continuously to a reynolds number of agitation (rea) of 2,400. afterwards, the biofilms were characterised in terms of respiratory activity, amount of biomass, cellular density, cellular size and total and extracellular proteins and polysaccharides. the biofilm mechanical ... | 2007 | 17547019 |
| characterization of a small plcr-regulated gene co-expressed with cereolysin o. | in the human pathogen bacillus cereus, the expression of most extracellular virulence factors is controlled by the transcriptional activator plcr. among these virulence factors, cereolysin o (clo) is an haemolysin belonging to the cholesterol-dependant cytolysins, a protein family extensively studied in gram-positive bacteria. | 2007 | 17555563 |
| neutral sphingomyelinase-induced ceramide triggers germinal vesicle breakdown and oxidant-dependent apoptosis in xenopus laevis oocytes. | ceramide regulates many cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. although the effects of exogenous bacterial neutral sphingomyelinase (smase) in xenopus laevis oocytes have been investigated, its microinjection into oocytes has not been reported previously. thus, we compared the incubation versus microinjection of the neutral bacillus cereus sphingomyelinase (bsmase) to examine whether the topology of ceramide generation determines its effects on the fate of ooc ... | 2007 | 17556754 |
| synthesis and antibacterial activity of tert-butyl [1-benzyl-2[(4-aryl-2-thiazolyl)hydrazono]ethyl]carbamate derivatives. | the increasing clinical importance of drug-resistant fungal and bacterial pathogens has lent additional urgency to microbiological research and new antibacterial compound development. for this purpose, new tert-butyl[1-benzyl-2[(4-aryl-2-thiazolyl)hydrazono]ethyl]carbamate derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity. the reaction of boc-l-phenylalaninal with thiosemicarbazide gave the thiosemicarbazone which furnished the title compounds by reaction with phenacyl bromid ... | 2007 | 17562564 |
| antibacterial properties and major bioactive components of cinnamon stick (cinnamomum burmannii): activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. | cinnamomum burmannii blume (cinnamon stick) from indonesia is a little-investigated spice. in this study, the antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) of cinnamon stick extract were evaluated against five common foodborne pathogenic bacteria (bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, and salmonella anatum). cinnamon stick extract exhibited significant antibacterial properties. major compou ... | 2007 | 17567030 |
| differentiation between bacillus thuringiensis strains by gyrb pcr-sau3ai fingerprinting. | gyrb dna fragments of seven bacillus thuringiensis local collection family representatives were amplified by pcr and sequenced. several differences in their corresponding sequences were evidenced. both in silico and in vitro restriction maps of gyrb sequences and fragments respectively confirmed that ecori and sau3ai could be used to differentiate between b. thuringiensis strains. however, the phylogeny analysis showed that only the gyrb pcr-sau3ai allows a strains classification that correlates ... | 2007 | 17435283 |
| [cloning and characterization of germ gene involved in germination in bacillus thuringiensis]. | in bacilli, germ is a very conservative gene. primers were designed according to the germ gene sequence of bacillus cereus, and a 640bp dna fragment was obtained from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kustaki 1. 175 by pcr. using this fragment as a probe, a 4.5kb dna fragment was cloned from the partial dna library of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kustaki 1.175. sequence analysis showed that the fragment contains one complete open reading frame (orf) that encodes a 349-amino acid (aa) protein, which ... | 2007 | 17436617 |
| the in vitro antibacterial activity of dietary spice and medicinal herb extracts. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of a total of 46 extracts from dietary spices and medicinal herbs were investigated by agar-well diffusion method against five foodborne bacteria (bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, and salmonella anatum). their total phenolic contents were also evaluated. many herb and spice extracts contained high levels of phenolics and exhibited antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens. gram-positive bacteria were ... | 2007 | 17449125 |
| swarming behavior of and hemolysin bl secretion by bacillus cereus. | an association between swarming and hemolysin bl secretion was observed in a collection of 42 bacillus cereus isolates (p=0.029). the highest levels of toxin were detected in swarmers along with swarm cell differentiation (p=0.021), suggesting that swarming b. cereus strains may have a higher virulence potential than nonswarming strains. | 2007 | 17449693 |
| use of sodium hypochlorite (naocl) in laundering stops cross-contamination of bacillus cereus. | 2007 | 17452052 | |
| application of real-time quantitative pcr for the detection of selected bacterial pathogens during municipal wastewater treatment. | bacteria were detected at five stages of municipal wastewater treatment using taqman(r) real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr). thirteen probe and primer sets were tested for diverse pathogens that may be present in wastewater, including aeromonas hydrophila, bacillus cereus, clostridium perfringens, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, helicobacter pylori, klebsiella pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella sp., and staphyloc ... | 2007 | 17462712 |
| confirmative electric dna array-based test for food poisoning bacillus cereus. | detection of the full set of toxin encoding genes involved in gastrointestinal diseases caused by b. cereus was performed. eight genes determining the b. cereus pathogenicity, which results in diarrhea or emesis, were simultaneously evaluated on a 16-position electrical chip microarray. the dna analyte preparation procedure comprising first 5 min of ultrasonic treatment, dna extraction, and afterwards an additional 10 min sonication, was established as the most effective way of sample processing ... | 2007 | 17466398 |
| phenotypic and genotypic diversity of bacillus cereus isolates recovered from honey. | of 433 honey samples collected in argentina, 114 (27%) yielded bacillus cereus isolates (27%) and 60 (14%) yielded other species of bacillus. the argentinian b. cereus isolates were compared with isolates recovered from honey from other countries (n=16) and with strain atcc 11718. the 133 b. cereus isolates and the atcc strain were characterized using rep-pcr fingerprinting with primers box, rep and eric, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of a 16s rrna gene fragment (16s rrna pcr ... | 2007 | 17466403 |
| competition and reproduction in mixed infections of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacillus spp. | diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, larvae were infected with a primary pathogen, bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (btk) in single strain and mixed infections. mixed infections comprised btk and a non-pathogenic isolate, either bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (btt) or bacillus cereus (bc). all strains reproduced in larval cadavers, but there was evidence of competition between different isolates within hosts. non-pathogenic isolates (btt, bc) had growth rates that were faster than btk in vi ... | 2007 | 17467004 |
| cytotoxicity in bacillus mojavensis is abolished following loss of surfactin synthesis: implications for assessment of toxicity and food poisoning potential. | bacillus subtilis and the closely related species bacillus pumilus and bacillus licheniformis have periodically been suggested to play a role in the aetiology of food poisoning despite the fact that the organisms do not possess the genes associated with enteropathogenicity in bacillus cereus. we show here that bacillus mojavensis, an organism closely related to b. subtilis, is able to produce toxic components which identify as a complex of three different surfactin analogues. these cyclic lipope ... | 2007 | 17467096 |
| biomedical evaluation of black lemurs (eulemur macaco macaco) in lokobe reserve, madagascar. | complete medical evaluations were performed on 25 wild black lemurs (eulemur macaco macaco) in lokobe reserve, northwestern madagascar. each animal received a complete physical examination. weight, body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate were recorded. blood samples were collected for complete blood cell count, differential white blood cell count, hemoparasite examination, serum biochemical profile, fat-soluble vitamin analysis, trace mineral analysis, and toxoplasma gondii and viral ... | 2007 | 17469278 |
| prevalence and genetic diversity of bacillus cereus in dried red pepper in korea. | bacillus cereus is a foodborne spore-forming bacterial pathogen that is ubiquitous in the natural environment. infections with this pathogen manifest as diarrheal or emetic types of food poisoning. in this study, 140 samples of dried red pepper purchased in korea were assayed for the presence of b. cereus according to the u.s. food and drug administration standard culture method. a multiplex pcr assay was developed for the rapid confirmation of b. cereus as an alternative to conventional biochem ... | 2007 | 17477261 |
| [endophthalmitis after plana vitrectomy: incidence, microbiology, and visual outcome]. | the aim of this retrospective study was to analyze incidence, microorganisms, and final visual acuity after pars plana vitrectomy. | 2007 | 17486032 |
| growth-related variations in the bacillus cereus secretome. | using 2-de, transcriptional gene fusions and cell cytotoxicity assays, we followed changes in the bacillus cereus strain atcc14579 secretome, gene expression and culture supernatant cytotoxicity from the end of the vegetative phase up to 5 h after entry into the stationary phase. the concentration of each of the 22 proteins in the culture supernatant was determined at various times. in addition, the stability of the proteins was studied. fifteen of these proteins, including 14 members of the vir ... | 2007 | 17486558 |
| vapor-phase activities of cinnamon, thyme, and oregano essential oils and key constituents against foodborne microorganisms. | the aim of the study presented here was to gain knowledge about the vapor-phase antimicrobial activity of selected essential oils and their major putatively active constituents against a range of foodborne bacterial and fungal strains. in a first step, the vapor-phase antimicrobial activities of three commercially available essential oils (eos)-cinnamon (cinnamomum zeylanicum), thyme (thymus vulgaris), and oregano (origanum vulgare)-were evaluated against a wide range of microorganisms, includin ... | 2007 | 17488023 |
| [isolation, molecular characterization and resistance mechanism study on a cadmium hyperresistant bacillus cereus]. | a gram-positive, aerobic, motile, spore-forming bacterium was isolated from a pb-zn mine tailing at suburb of beijing city. the bacterial strain isolated could resist cadmium efficiently and it was able to grow well on media plates containing 1 000 mg/l cadmium. the dna g + c content were found to be 60%. phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene revealed that this isolate was a member of the genus bacillus. two growth curves about this strain were drawn on media with and without cadmium. this ... | 2007 | 17489211 |
| specific bacillus anthracis identification by a plcr-targeted restriction site insertion-pcr (rsi-pcr) assay. | a rsi-pcr assay was developed for the detection of a bacillus anthracis-specific nonsense mutation in the plcr gene. the assay specificity was tested using 170 bacillus spp. strains including 47 strains of b. anthracis. the plcr rsi-pcr distinguished bacillus cereus group strains closely related to b. anthracis from the anthrax agent. the assay was found to be a robust, simple and cost effective tool for b. anthracis identification. in contrast to previously developed real time pcr-based methods ... | 2007 | 17490431 |
| crystal structures of human dipeptidyl peptidase iv in its apo and diprotin b-complexed forms. | dipeptidyl peptidase iv (dppiv), which belongs to the prolyl oligopeptidase family of serine proteases, is known to have a variety of regulatory biological functions and has been shown to be implicated in type 2 diabetes. it is therefore important to develop selective human dppiv (hdppiv) inhibitors. in this study, we determined the crystal structure of apo hdppiv at 1.9 a resolution. our high-resolution crystal structure of apo hdppiv revealed the presence of sodium ion and glycerol molecules a ... | 2007 | 17492130 |
| low concentrations of bile salts induce stress responses and reduce motility in bacillus cereus atcc 14579 [corrected]. | tolerance to bile salts was investigated in forty bacillus cereus strains, including 17 environmental isolates, 11 dairy isolates, 3 isolates from food poisoning outbreaks, and 9 other clinical isolates. growth of all strains was observed at low bile salt concentrations, but no growth was observed on lb agar plates containing more than 0.005% bile salts. preincubation of the b. cereus type strain, atcc 14579, in low levels of bile salts did not increase tolerance levels. b. cereus atcc 14579 was ... | 2007 | 17496091 |
| a functional homing endonuclease in the bacillus anthracis nrde group i intron. | the essential bacillus anthracis nrde gene carries a self-splicing group i intron with a putative homing endonuclease belonging to the giy-yig family. here, we show that the nrde pre-mrna is spliced and that the homing endonuclease cleaves an intronless nrde gene 5 nucleotides (nt) upstream of the intron insertion site, producing 2-nt 3' extensions. we also show that the sequence required for efficient cleavage spans at least 4 bp upstream and 31 bp downstream of the cleaved coding strand. the p ... | 2007 | 17496101 |
| bacillus cereus var. toyoi enhanced systemic immune response in piglets. | probiotic bacteria have been suggested to stimulate the host immune system. in this study we evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of probiotic bacillus cereus var. toyoi on the systemic immunity of piglets. a pool of 70 piglets was divided into a probiotic or control group. we determined the ratios of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) subsets and measured proliferative responses and cytokine production of pbmcs and effects on vaccination responses. blood samples of probiotic-treated pig ... | 2007 | 17498814 |
| [a case of fatal neonatal bacillus cereus meningitis]. | a fatal case of meningoencephalitis caused by bacillus cereus, an uncommon but potential pathogen, resistant to most beta-lactam antibiotics, is described in a 28-day old premature neonate. difficulties for clinical diagnosis and treatment are discussed. a review of the literature (26 published cases) is given. early diagnosis of neonatal b. cereus infection is crucial as it leads to a standard treatment including vancomycin. | 2007 | 17337168 |
| presence and significance of bacillus cereus in dehydrated potato products. | dehydrated potato contains bacillus cereus at a prevalences of 10 to 40% and at numbers usually less than 10(3) cfu g(-1). b. cereus in dehydrated potato is likely to be present as spores that are able to survive drying of the raw vegetable and may represent a significant inoculum in the reconstituted (rehydrated) product where conditions favor germination of, and outgrowth from, spores. holding rehydrated mashed potato alone, or as part of another product (e.g., potato-topped pie), at temperatu ... | 2007 | 17340893 |
| two hlyiir dimers bind to a long perfect inverted repeat in the operator of the hemolysin ii gene from bacillus cereus. | hlyiir is a negative transcriptional regulator of hemolysin ii gene from b. cereus. it binds to a long dna perfect inverted repeat (44bp) located upstream the hlyii gene. here we show that hlyiir is dimeric in solution and in bacterial cells. no protein-protein interactions between dimers and no significant modification of target dna conformation upon complex formation were observed. two hlyiir dimers were found to bind to native operator independently with kd level in the nanomolar range. the m ... | 2007 | 17346714 |
| a new phylogenetic cluster of cereulide-producing bacillus cereus strains. | phenotypic and molecular studies have established that cereulide-producing strains of bacillus cereus are a distinct and probably recently emerged clone within the bacillus population. we analyzed a set of b. cereus strains, both cereulide producers and nonproducers, by multilocus sequence typing. consistent with earlier reports, nonproducers demonstrated high heterogeneity. most cereulide-producing strains and all flagellar antigen type h1 strains were allocated to the known sequence type of ex ... | 2007 | 17314223 |
| nanowire labeled direct-charge transfer biosensor for detecting bacillus species. | a direct-charge transfer (dct) biosensor was developed for the detection of the foodborne pathogen, bacillus cereus. the biosensor was fabricated using antibodies as the sensing element and polyaniline nanowire as the molecular electrical transducer. the sensor design consisted of four membrane pads, namely, sample application, conjugate, capture and absorption pads. two sets of polyclonal antibodies, secondary antibodies conjugated with polyaniline nanowires and capture antibodies were applied ... | 2007 | 17320373 |
| structural studies examining the substrate specificity profiles of pc-plc(bc) protein variants. | the phosphatidylcholine preferring phospholipase c from bacillus cereus (pc-plc(bc)) catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids in the following order of preference: phosphatidylcholine (pc)>phosphatidylethanolamine (pe)>phosphatidylserine (ps). in previous work, mutagenic, kinetic, and crystallographic experiments suggested that varying the amino acids at the 4th, 56th, and 66th positions had a significant influence upon the substrate specificity profile of pc-plc(bc). here, we report the crysta ... | 2007 | 17324372 |
| quantification of magnetic susceptibility in several strains of bacillus spores: implications for separation and detection. | three strains of bacillus: bacillus atrophaeus (formally bacillus globigii), bacillus thuringiensis, and bacillus cereus were tested for their intrinsic magnetic susceptibility. all three strains when sporulated demonstrated significant magnetic susceptibility using an instrument referred to as cell tracking velocimetry. energy dispersive spectroscopy also confirmed the presence of paramagnetic elements, fe and mn, in the spore form of the bacteria. it was demonstrated that this magnetic suscept ... | 2007 | 17335063 |
| chitin-supplemented foliar application of chitinolytic bacillus cereus reduces severity of botrytis gray mold disease in chickpea under controlled conditions. | to identify and evaluate chitinolytic bacteria for control of botrytis gray mold (bgm), a devastating disease in chickpea. methods and results: two antifungal bacterial isolates, chitinolytic bacillus cereus crs 7 and nonchitinolytic pseudomonas fluorescens crs 31, from the rhizosphere of chickpea, were applied as a prophylactic foliar spray and evaluated for control of bgm. in a controlled environment, the two isolates reduced the severity of bgm on the susceptible cv. jg 62 to 6.0 and 5.6, res ... | 2007 | 17209822 |
| dimer structure of an interfacially impaired phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c. | the crystal structure of the w47a/w242a mutant of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) from bacillus thuringiensis has been solved to 1.8a resolution. the w47a/w242a mutant is an interfacially challenged enzyme, and it has been proposed that one or both tryptophan side chains serve as membrane interfacial anchors (feng, j., wehbi, h., and roberts, m. f. (2002) j. biol. chem. 277, 19867-19875). the crystal structure supports this hypothesis. relative to the crystal structure of ... | 2007 | 17213187 |
| kinetics of plasmid transfer among bacillus cereus group strains within lepidopteran larvae. | the cry toxin encoding plasmid pht73 was transferred from bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki kt0 to six b. cereus group strains in three lepidopteran (spodoptera exigua, plutella xyllostella and helicoverpa armigera) larvae by conjugation. the conjugation kinetics of the plasmid was precisely studied during the larval infection using a new protocol. the infections were performed with both vegetative and sporulated strains. however, larval death only occurred when infections were made wit ... | 2007 | 17216168 |
| virulence of bacillus cereus: a multivariate analysis. | biological activity and presence of dna sequences related to virulence genes were studied in 21 strains of the bacillus cereus group. the activity of spent culture supernatants and the effect of infection by vegetative bacterial cells were assessed on cultured human enterocytes (caco-2 cells). the effect of extracellular factors on the detachment, necrosis and mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity of cultured human enterocytes was studied. hemolytic activity on rabbit red blood cells was also eva ... | 2007 | 17303280 |
| antibacterial effect of some essential oils administered alone or in combination with norfloxacin. | the objective of the present study was that of verifying a possible synergistic antibacterial effect between pelargonium graveolens [lis-balchin, m., deans, s.g., hart, s., 1996. bioactive geranium oils from different commercial sources. j. essential oil res. 8, 281-290.] essential oil (and its main components) and norfloxacin antibiotic. as a first step growth inhibition by some types of essential oils was assessed in five microbial species. the antimicrobial effects of p. graveolens oil, as we ... | 2007 | 17303397 |
| role of zinc content on the catalytic efficiency of b1 metallo beta-lactamases. | metallo beta-lactamases (mbetal) are enzymes naturally evolved by bacterial strains under the evolutionary pressure of beta-lactam antibiotic clinical use. they have a broad substrate spectrum and are resistant to all the clinically useful inhibitors, representing a potential risk of infection if massively disseminated. the mbetal scaffold is designed to accommodate one or two zinc ions able to activate a nucleophilic hydroxide for the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring. the role of zinc content ... | 2007 | 17305336 |
| characteristics of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances from dochi-isolated enterococcus faecium d081821 and d081833. | to characterize bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (blis) from two dochi-isolated enterococcus faecium. | 2007 | 17309511 |
| characterization of mesophilic bacilli in faeces of feedlot cattle. | to determine the identity and composition of mesophilic bacillus spp. in faeces sampled from feedlot cattle. | 2007 | 17309638 |
| microbiological detection of 10 quinolone antibiotic residues and its application to artificially contaminated poultry samples. | to assess if microbiological inhibition tests for detection of antibiotic residues are suitable for routine screening for quinolone residues, the limit of detection (lod) of 10 different quinolones and fluoroquinolones was determined. two media were tested, one at ph 6 and the other at ph 8, each seeded with one of the following test strains: bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli or bacillus cereus. lods of the 10 substances were highest on plates seeded with b. cereus, intended for selective dete ... | 2007 | 17364926 |
| antimicrobial activity and pollen composition of honey samples collected from different provinces in turkey. | the antibacterial activity of honey samples from different sources were collected and investigated against bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853, klebsiella pneumoniae atcc 27736, morganella morganii, micrococcus luteus nrrl b-4375, escherichia coli atcc 35218, and candida albicans. pathogens exhibited different sensitivities towards the honey samples. the results showed that majority of the honey samples (75%) generally inhibitied the bacteria test ... | 2007 | 17365707 |
| bacillus cereus strain 10-l-2 produces two arylamine n-acetyltransferases that transform 4-phenylenediamine into 4-aminoacetanilide. | a bacterium, strain 10-l-2, that was isolated from soil and identified as bacillus cereus grew well on medium containing 4-phenylenediamine and polypepton. strain 10-l-2 converted a wide variety of anilines, including 4-phenylenediamine, to their corresponding acetanilides. growing cells acetylated a single amino group of 4-phenylenediamine to form 4-aminoacetanilide with a 97% molar yield, as shown by mass spectrometry and hplc. cell extracts exhibited arylamine n-acetyltransferase (nat) activi ... | 2007 | 17368397 |
| inactivation of foodborne pathogens using a one atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma. | this study was conducted to determine the efficacy of a one atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma (oaugdp) for inactivation of foodborne pathogens and to evaluate the influence of growth temperature, ph, and culture age on their inactivation. escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, salmonella enteritidis, vibrio parahaemolyticus, yersinia enterocolitica, and shigella flexneri were evaluated. three-strain mixtures of each bacterium were inocula ... | 2007 | 17378708 |
| a streamlined metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of moenomycin a. | moenomycin a (mma) is a member of the phosphoglycolipid family of antibiotics, which are the only natural products known to directly target the extracellular peptidoglycan glycosyltransferases involved in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. the structural and biological uniqueness of mma make it an attractive starting point for the development of new antibacterial drugs. in order both to elucidate the biosynthesis of this unusual compound and to develop tools to manipulate its structure, we have i ... | 2007 | 17379141 |
| culturable bacteria present in the fluid of the hooded-pitcher plant sarracenia minor based on 16s rdna gene sequence data. | the culturable microbial community within the pitcher fluid of 93 sarracenia minor carnivorous plants was examined over a 2-year study. many aspects of the plant/bacterial/insect interaction within the pitcher fluid are minimally understood because the bacterial taxa present in these pitchers have not been identified. thirteen isolates were characterized by 16s rdna sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. the proteobacteria were the most abundant taxa and included representatives from s ... | 2007 | 17380356 |
| antimicrobial activity of bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus during the fermentation of african locust bean (parkia biglobosa) for soumbala production. | to examine predominant isolates of bacillus subtilis and b. pumilus isolated from soumbala for their antimicrobial activity against indicator microorganisms as micrococcus luteus, staphyloccocus aureus, bacillus cereus, enterococus facium, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, shigella dysenteriae, yersinia enterocolitica, aspergillus ochraceus and penicillium roqueforti. | 2007 | 17381739 |
| characterization of a bacteriocin, thermophilin 1277, produced by streptococcus thermophilus sbt1277. | to assess the inhibitory activity and the influence of culture condition on the growth and bacteriocin, thermophilin 1277, production by streptococcus thermophilus sbt1277. | 2007 | 17381740 |
| effect of bovicin hc5 on growth and spore germination of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis isolated from spoiled mango pulp. | to use bovicin hc5 to inhibit predominant bacteria isolated from spoiled mango pulp. | 2007 | 17381743 |
| proteomic analysis of bacillus cereus growing in liquid soil organic matter. | bacillus cereus is believed to be a soil bacterium, but studied solely in laboratory culture media. the aim of this study was to assess the physiology of b. cereus growing on soil organic matter by a proteomic approach. cells were cultured to mid-exponential phase in soil extracted solubilized organic matter (sesom), which mimics the nutrient composition of soil, and in luria-bertani broth as control. silver staining of the two-dimensional gels revealed 234 proteins spots up-regulated when cells ... | 2007 | 17391366 |
| structural insight into repair of alkylated dna by a new superfamily of dna glycosylases comprising heat-like repeats. | 3-methyladenine dna glycosylases initiate repair of cytotoxic and promutagenic alkylated bases in dna. we demonstrate by comparative modelling that bacillus cereus alkd belongs to a new, fifth, structural superfamily of dna glycosylases with an alpha-alpha superhelix fold comprising six heat-like repeats. the structure reveals a wide, positively charged groove, including a putative base recognition pocket. this groove appears to be suitable for the accommodation of double-stranded dna with a fli ... | 2007 | 17395642 |
| insecticidal bacteria isolated from predatory larvae of the antlion species myrmeleon bore (neuroptera: myrmeleontidae). | various bacterial species were isolated from the crop (digestive organ) of the antlion species myrmeleon bore and tested for their insecticidal activity against caterpillars by injection. sixty-eight isolates from the antlion crop were grouped into twenty-four species based on homologies of 16s rrna gene sequences and biochemical properties. isolated bacillus cereus, bacillus sphaericus, morganella morganii, serratia marcescens and a klebsiella species killed 80% or more cutworms when injected a ... | 2007 | 17399737 |
| differentiation of bacillus anthracis, b. cereus, and b. thuringiensis by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) method was developed for discriminating bacillus anthracis from b. cereus and b. thuringiensis. a worldwide collection of 25 b. anthracis isolates showed high-profile homology, and these isolates were unambiguously distinguished from b. cereus and b. thuringiensis isolates by cluster analysis of the whole-genome macrorestriction enzyme digestion patterns generated by noti. | 2007 | 17400781 |
| properties of bacterial corrosion of stainless steel and its inhibition by protamine coating. | we investigated characteristics of the corrosion of stainless steel specimens by bacteria and the effects of using antimicrobial coating on the surface for inhibiting corrosion. bacillus sp. 2-a and staphylococcus sp. 2-1 cells adhered tightly to a stainless steel sus304 specimen, formed a microcolony or biofilm, and had highly corrosive activities. microbially influenced corrosion (mc) was observed under or around adhering cells. however, dead cells were markedly less active than viable cells n ... | 2007 | 17408005 |
| germination of bacillus cereus spores adhered to stainless steel. | adhered spores of bacillus cereus represent a significant part of the surface-derived contamination in processing equipment used in the dairy industry. as germinated spores lose their resistance capacities instantaneously, efficient germination prior to a cleaning in place treatment could aid to the disinfecting effect of such a treatment. therefore, spores of b. cereus atcc 14579 and that of the environmental isolate b. cereus cmcc 3328 were assessed for their germination behaviour when adhered ... | 2007 | 17408793 |
| identification of the sigmab regulon of bacillus cereus and conservation of sigmab-regulated genes in low-gc-content gram-positive bacteria. | the alternative sigma factor sigma(b) has an important role in the acquisition of stress resistance in many gram-positive bacteria, including the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus. here, we describe the identification of the set of sigma(b)-regulated genes in b. cereus by dna microarray analysis of the transcriptome upon a mild heat shock. twenty-four genes could be identified as being sigma(b) dependent as witnessed by (i) significantly lower expression levels of these genes in mutants with a ... | 2007 | 17416654 |
| plasmid exchanges among members of the bacillus cereus group in foodstuffs. | the bacillus cereus sensu lato group is genetically very close and possesses a remarkable plasmid gene pool that encodes a variety of functions such as virulence and self-transfer capabilities. the potential for horizontal transfer among the various subspecies of this group, which includes the human opportunistic pathogens b. cereus sensu stricto and b. anthracis as well as the biopesticide b. thuringiensis, has led to growing concerns regarding food safety and public health. in this study, the ... | 2007 | 16996631 |
| recovery of bacillus thuringiensis in vegetative form from the phylloplane of clover (trifolium hybridum) during a growing season. | two media were developed which specifically allow the cultivation of bacillus thuringiensis while it is in the vegetative as opposed to the spore form. using these media b. thuringiensis was shown conclusively for the first time to exist in an active form on the phylloplane. the profile of its appearance in vegetative and spore form was followed over a growing season on clover (trifolium hybridum) in the field. three simultaneous and sudden rises and declines of both spore and vegetative cell de ... | 2007 | 17005192 |
| bacteriocin-like inhibitor substances produced by mexican strains of bacillus thuringiensis. | bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides synthesized and secreted by bacteria and could potentially be used as natural food preservatives. here, we report the production of bacteriocin-like inhibitor substances (bt-blis) by five mexican strains of bacillus thuringiensis. bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni (lbit 269), b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (lbit 287), b. thuringiensis subsp kenyae (lbit 404), b. thuringiensis subsp. entomocidus (lbit 420) and b. thuringiensis subsp. tolworthi (lbit ... | 2007 | 17031616 |
| complete sequence analysis of novel plasmids from emetic and periodontal bacillus cereus isolates reveals a common evolutionary history among the b. cereus-group plasmids, including bacillus anthracis pxo1. | the plasmids of the members of the bacillus cereus sensu lato group of organisms are essential in defining the phenotypic traits associated with pathogenesis and ecology. for example, bacillus anthracis contains two plasmids, pxo1 and pxo2, encoding toxin production and encapsulation, respectively, that define this species pathogenic potential, whereas the presence of a bt toxin-encoding plasmid defines bacillus thuringiensis isolates. in this study the plasmids from b. cereus isolates that prod ... | 2007 | 17041058 |
| optimization of inactivation of endospores of bacillus cereus by antimicrobial lipopeptides from bacillus subtilis fmbj strains using a response surface method. | bacillus subtilis fmbj can produce a lipopeptide antimicrobial substance, the main components of which are surfactin and fengycin. in this paper, the sensitivity of bacillus cereus to antimicrobial lipopeptides from b. subtilis fmbj was observed, and the effect of the microstructure of antimicrobial lipopeptide on spores of b. cereus was investigated. at the same time, the optimization of the inactivation of antimicrobial lipopeptides to spores of b. cereus by a response surface methodology was ... | 2007 | 17043814 |
| hybridoma ped-2e9 cells cultured under modified conditions can sensitively detect listeria monocytogenes and bacillus cereus. | lymphocyte origin hybridoma ped-2e9 cell-based cytotoxicity assay can detect virulent listeria or bacillus species, and its application in a cell-based biosensor for onsite use would be very attractive. however, maintaining enough viable cells on a sensor platform for a prolonged duration is a challenging task. in this study, key factors affecting the survival and growth of ped-2e9 cells under modified conditions were investigated. when the ped-2e9 cells were grown in media containing 5% fetal b ... | 2007 | 17043821 |
| rapid separation and concentration of food-borne pathogens in food samples prior to quantification by viable-cell counting and real-time pcr. | buoyant density gradient centrifugation has been used to separate bacteria from complex food matrices, as well as to remove compounds that inhibit rapid detection methods, such as pcr, and to prevent false-positive results due to dna originating from dead cells. applying a principle of buoyant density gradient centrifugation, we developed a method for rapid separation and concentration following filtration and low- and high-speed centrifugation, as well as flotation and sedimentation buoyant den ... | 2007 | 17056684 |
| high level expression of a recombinant phospholipase c from bacillus cereus in bacillus subtilis. | twenty-two bacillus cereus strains were screened for phospholipase c (plc, ec 3.1.4.3) activity using p-nitrophenyl phosphorylcholine as a substrate. two strains (b. cereus sbug 318 and sbug 516) showed high activity at elevated temperatures (>70 degrees c) at acidic ph (ph 3.5-6) and were selected for cloning and functional expression using bacillus subtilis. the genes were amplified from b. cereus dna using primers based on a known plc sequence and cloned into the expression vector pmse3 follo ... | 2007 | 17115205 |
| dna microarray for detection of antibiotic resistance determinants in bacillus anthracis and closely related bacillus cereus. | we developed a multiplex pcr for amplification of ten genes involved in resistance to ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, rifampin, and vancomycin in bacillus anthracis and closely related bacillus cereus. enzymatic labelling of pcr products followed by hybridization to oligonucleotide probes on a dna microarray enabled simultaneous detection of resistance genes tetk, tetl, tetm, teto, vana, and vanb and resistance-mediating point mutations in genes gyra, gyrb, parc, and rpob. the presented assay allows ... | 2007 | 17118627 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1-(4-aryl-2-thiazolyl)-3-(2-thienyl)-5-aryl-2-pyrazoline derivatives. | several 1-(4-aryl-2-thiazolyl)-3-(2-thienyl)-5-aryl-2-pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized by reacting substituted 3-(2-thienyl)-5-aryl-1-thiocarbamoyl-2-pyrazolines with phenacyl bromides in ethanol. the structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, and eims spectral data. their antimicrobial activities against escherichia coli (nrrl b-3704), staphylococcus aureus (nrll b-767), salmonella typhimurium (nrrl b-4420), bacillus cereus (nrrl b-3711), streptococcus ... | 2007 | 17125888 |
| undetected bacillus pseudo-outbreak after renovation work in a teaching hospital. | a 602-bed capacity hospital underwent complete renovation from 1999 to 2004. in april 2005, the infection control team was informed of the occurrence of three consecutive cases of bacillus cereus bacteremia in a ward for patients with hematologic malignancies. a retrospective analysis of patients with bacillus isolates was initiated. we found more bacillus cereus isolates from blood samples in 2004 compare to the preceding years. swab samples were collected in the particular ward from the surfac ... | 2007 | 17145080 |
| toxicological profile of cereulide, the bacillus cereus emetic toxin, in functional assays with human, animal and bacterial cells. | some strains of the endospore-forming bacterium bacillus cereus produce a heat-stable ionophoric peptide, cereulide, of high human toxicity. we assessed cell toxicity of cereulide by measuring the toxicities of crude extracts of cereulide producing and non-producing strains of b. cereus, and of pure cereulide, using cells of human, animal and bacterial origins. hepatic cell lines and boar sperm, with cytotoxicity and sperm motility, respectively, as the end points, were inhibited by 1 nm of cere ... | 2007 | 17156808 |
| a gene encoding alanine racemase is involved in spore germination in bacillus thuringiensis. | alanine racemase is a major component of the exosporium of bacillus cereus spores. a gene homologous to that of alanine racemase (alra) was cloned from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, and rt-pcr showed that alra was transcribed only in the sporulating cells. disruption of alra did not affect the growth and sporulation of b. thuringiensis, but promoted l-alanine-induced spore germination. when the spore germination rate was measured by monitoring dpa release, complementation of the alra d ... | 2007 | 17165028 |
| intractable bacillus cereus bacteremia in a preterm neonate. | although often regarded as a contaminant, bacillus spp. have been implicated in serious systemic infections. the incidence of such infections is low with only a few cases reported in the literature. we describe the clinical course of early-onset bacillus cereus bacteremia in a preterm neonate who was successfully treated with vancomycin. | 2007 | 17166929 |
| ac2-dpd, the bis-(o)-acetylated derivative of 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (dpd) is a convenient stable precursor of bacterial quorum sensing autoinducer ai-2. | ac2-dpd, the bis-(o)-acetylated derivative of 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (dpd), was prepared both as a racemic mixture and in the optically active form found in naturally occurring dpd. it was shown to exhibit the same ability as dpd to induce bioluminescence in vibrio harveyi and beta-galactosidase activity in salmonella enterica typhimurium, both gram-negative bacteria. likewise, it was also shown to inhibit biofilm formation in gram-positive bacillus cereus. the most likely hypothesis is ... | 2007 | 17169556 |
| the properties of bacillus cereus hemolysin ii pores depend on environmental conditions. | hemolysin ii (hlyii), one of several cytolytic proteins encoded by the opportunistic human pathogen bacillus cereus, is a member of the family of oligomeric beta-barrel pore-forming toxins. this work has studied the pore-forming properties of hlyii using a number of biochemical and biophysical approaches. according to electron microscopy, hlyii protein interacts with liposomes to form ordered heptamer-like macromolecular assemblies with an inner pore diameter of 1.5-2 nm and an outer diameter of ... | 2007 | 17173854 |
| computer aided boar semen motility analysis for cereulide detection in different food matrices. | computer aided semen analysis (casa) study of the boar semen motility has been demonstrated to be an appropriate assay for detection of cereulide (bacillus cereus emetic toxin). application of the boar semen bio-assay to detect cereulide directly in foods requires investigation of potential interference of food components, preservatives and other microbial and chemical food contaminants with the bio-assay. current study provides evidence that none of included staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins a ... | 2007 | 17174428 |
| bayesian analysis of population structure based on linked molecular information. | the bayesian model-based approach to inferring hidden genetic population structures using multilocus molecular markers has become a popular tool within certain branches of biology. in particular, it has been shown that heterogeneous data arising from genetically dissimilar latent groups of individuals can be effectively modelled using an unsupervised classification formulation. however, most currently employed models ignore potential linkage within the employed molecular information, and can the ... | 2007 | 17087977 |
| partial purification and characterization of protease of bacillus proteolyticus cfr3001 isolated from fish processing waste and its antibacterial activities. | bacillus proteolyticus cfr3001 isolated from fish processing wastes (both fresh water and marine) produced an alkaline protease. the optimum conditions for cell growth and protease production were 37 degrees c, 96 h, agitation speed of 100 rpm and medium ph 9. the partially purified protease obtained from had specific activity of 22.05 at 37 degrees c was active between 40 degrees c and 50 degrees c and lost >20% of its activity around 60 degrees c. its molecular weight was approximately 29 kda ... | 2007 | 17092708 |
| crystal structure of bacillus cereus hlyiir, a transcriptional regulator of the gene for pore-forming toxin hemolysin ii. | production of bacillus cereus and bacillus anthracis toxins is controlled by a number of transcriptional regulators. here we report the crystal structure of b. cereus hlyiir, a regulator of the gene encoding the pore-forming toxin hemolysin ii. we show that hlyiir forms a tight dimer with a fold and overall architecture similar to the tetr family of repressors. a remarkable feature of the structure is a large internal cavity with a volume of 550 a(3) suggesting that the activity of hlyiir is mod ... | 2007 | 17097673 |
| microbial composition in bioaerosols of a high-throughput chicken-slaughtering facility. | the microbial composition of the air in various areas of a high-throughput chicken-slaughtering facility was investigated. over a 4-mo period, 6 processing areas were sampled, and the influence of environmental factors was monitored. the highest counts of microorganisms were recorded in the initial stages of processing, comprising the receiving-killing and defeathering areas, whereas counts decreased toward the evisceration, air-chilling, packaging, and dispatch areas. maximum microbial counts w ... | 2007 | 17179429 |
| predictive modeling of bacillus cereus spores in farm tank milk during grazing and housing periods. | the shelf life of pasteurized dairy products depends partly on the concentration of bacillus cereus spores in raw milk. based on a translation of contamination pathways into chains of unit-operations, 2 simulation models were developed to quantitatively identify factors that have the greatest effect on the spore concentration in milk. in addition, the models can be used to determine the reduction in concentration that could be achieved via measures at the farm level. one model predicts the conce ... | 2007 | 17183096 |
| virulent spores of bacillus anthracis and other bacillus species deposited on solid surfaces have similar sensitivity to chemical decontaminants. | to compare the relative sensitivity of bacillus anthracis and spores of other bacillus spp. deposited on different solid surfaces to inactivation by liquid chemical disinfecting agents. | 2007 | 17184315 |
| the microbiological quality of hot water-washed broccoli florets and cut green beans. | to determine the effect of hot water washing on the microbiological quality of cut broccoli florets and trimmed green beans. | 2007 | 17184318 |
| involvement of cytoplasmic membrane damage in the copper (ii)-dependent cytotoxicity of a novel naturally occurring tripyrrole. | in the presence of a nonlethal concentration of cu(ii), washed escherichia coli atcc8739 cells were killed by a novel tripyrrole 1, isolated as a red pigment from the serratia sp. cell killing was accompanied by a depletion in the potassium pools of the cells due to the damage to the cytoplasmic membrane, without any detectable dna damage as revealed by the transformed plasmid dna and phage induction assay. this revealed that the bactericidal activity of compound 1 in the presence of cu(ii) resu ... | 2007 | 17113233 |
| insight in to the phylogeny of polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis: horizontal gene transfer. | polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are gaining more and more importance the world over due to their structural diversity and close analogy to plastics. their biodegradability makes them extremely desirable substitutes for synthetic plastics. phas are produced in organisms under certain stress conditions. here, we investigated 253 sequenced (completely and unfinished) genomes for the diversity and phylogenetics of the pha biosynthesis. discrepancies in the phylogenetic trees for phaa, phab and phac gen ... | 2007 | 17113245 |
| antimicrobial and cytotoxic knotwood extracts and related pure compounds and their effects on food-associated microorganisms. | knotwood or bark extracts prepared from 30 species of hard and soft wood trees as well as selected pure compounds (lignans, stilbenes and flavonoids) were assayed for their antimicrobial activity against a battery of both gram positive and negative bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi (bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, lactobacillus plantarum, escherichia coli, salmonella infantis, pseudomonas fluorescens, candida albicans, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus f ... | 2007 | 17188387 |
| bacillus cereus strains fall into two clusters (one closely and one more distantly related) to bacillus anthracis according to amino acid substitutions in small acid-soluble proteins as determined by tandem mass spectrometry. | small acid-soluble proteins (sasps) are located in the core region of bacillus spores and have been previously demonstrated as reliable biomarkers for differentiating bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus. using ms and ms-ms analysis of sasps further phylogenetic correlations among b. anthracis and b. cereus strains are described here. esi was demonstrated to be a more comprehensive method, allowing for the analysis of intact proteins in both ms and ms-ms mode, thus providing molecular weight ( ... | 2007 | 17197155 |
| the use of flow cytometry to study the germination of bacillus cereus endospores. | at present the study of endospore germination is conducted using microbiological methods which are slow and yield data based on the means of large heterogeneous populations. flow cytometry (fcm) offers the potential to rapidly quantify and identify germination and outgrowth events for large numbers of individual endospores. | 2007 | 17200957 |
| ceramidase enhances phospholipase c-induced hemolysis by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | we previously reported the purification, molecular cloning, and characterization of a neutral ceramidase from pseudomonas aeruginosa strain an17 (okino, n., tani, m., imayama, s., and ito, m. (1998) j. biol. chem. 273, 14368-14373; okino, n., ichinose, s., omori, a., imayama, s., nakamura, t., and ito, m. (1999) j. biol. chem. 274, 36616-36622). interestingly, the gene encoding the enzyme is adjacent to that encoding hemolytic phospholipase c (plch) in the genome of pseudomonas aeruginosa, which ... | 2007 | 17202150 |
| fatal pneumonia among metalworkers due to inhalation exposure to bacillus cereus containing bacillus anthracis toxin genes. | bacillus cereus pneumonia is unusual in nonimmunocompromised hosts. we describe fatal cases in 2 metalworkers and the associated investigation. anthrax toxin genes were identified in b. cereus isolates from both patients using polymerase chain reaction. finding anthrax toxin genes in non-bacillus anthracis isolates has, to our knowledge, only been reported once previously. | 2007 | 17205450 |
| air-liquid interface biofilms of bacillus cereus: formation, sporulation, and dispersion. | biofilm formation by bacillus cereus was assessed using 56 strains of b. cereus, including the two sequenced strains, atcc 14579 and atcc 10987. biofilm production in microtiter plates was found to be strongly dependent on incubation time, temperature, and medium, as well as the strain used, with some strains showing biofilm formation within 24 h and subsequent dispersion within the next 24 h. a selection of strains was used for quantitative analysis of biofilm formation on stainless steel coupo ... | 2007 | 17209076 |
| detection of vibrio cholerae by real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification. | a multitarget molecular beacon-based real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) assay for the specific detection of vibrio cholerae has been developed. the genes encoding the cholera toxin (ctxa), the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcpa; colonization factor), the ctxa toxin regulator (toxr), hemolysin (hlya), and the 60-kda chaperonin product (groel) were selected as target sequences for detection. the beacons for the five different genetic targets were evaluated by serial dilution of ... | 2007 | 17220262 |
| identification of three zwittermicin a biosynthesis-related genes from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain ybt-1520. | zwittermicin a (zwa) is a novel, broad-spectrum linear aminopolyol antibiotic produced by some bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis. however, only part of its biosynthesis cluster has been identified and characterized from b. cereus uw85. to better understand the biosynthesis cluster of zwa, a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library of b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain ybt-1520, a zwa-producing strain, was constructed. two bac clones, 1f8 and 5e2, were obtained by pcr, which ov ... | 2007 | 17225146 |
| low molecular weight chitosans--preparation with the aid of pronase, characterization and their bactericidal activity towards bacillus cereus and escherichia coli. | the homogeneous low molecular weight chitosans (lmwc) of molecular weight 9.5-8.5 kda, obtained by pronase catalyzed non-specific depolymerization (at ph 3.5, 37 degrees c) of chitosan showed lyses of bacillus cereus and escherichia coli more efficiently (100%) than native chitosan (<50%). ir and (1)h-nmr data showed decrease in the degree of acetylation (14-19%) in lmwc compared to native chitosan ( approximately 26%). minimum inhibitory concentration of lmwc towards 10(6) cfu ml(-1) of b. cere ... | 2007 | 17240531 |
| difference between the spore sizes of bacillus anthracis and other bacillus species. | to determine the size distribution of the spores of bacillus anthracis, and compare its size with other bacillus species grown and sporulated under similar conditions. | 2007 | 17241334 |
| genotypic and phenotypic diversity of lactococcus lactis isolates from batzos, a greek pdo raw goat milk cheese. | the genotypic and phenotypic variability of 40 lactococcus lactis isolates obtained from three cheese-making trials of batzos cheese made one in each, winter, spring and summer was investigated. rapd-pcr, plasmid profiling and pfge were used to study the genetic variability and distinguish closely related isolates. results showed a high degree of heterogeneity among strains. according to pfge data, all strains except one were clustered together (at a similarity level of approximately 50%) with t ... | 2007 | 17241681 |
| hqno-sensitive nadh:quinone oxidoreductase of bacillus cereus kctc 3674. | the enzymatic properties of nadh:quinone oxidoreductase were examined in triton x-100 extracts of bacillus cereus membranes by using the artificial electron acceptors ubiquinone-1 and menadione. membranes were prepared from b. cereus kctc 3674 grown aerobically on a complex medium and oxidized with nadh exclusively, whereas deamino-nadh was determined to be poorly oxidized. the nadh oxidase activity was lost completely by solubilization of the membranes with triton x-100. however, by using the a ... | 2007 | 17244482 |
| asymmetric synthesis of diastereomeric diaminoheptanetetraols. a proposal for the configuration of (+)-zwittermicin a. | [structure: see text] a proposed absolute configuration for the 7 stereocenters in (+)-zwittermicin a is described based on asymmetric synthesis of six diastereomeric 2,6-diamino-1,3,5,7-heptanetetraols corresponding to the c9-c15 segment, pairwise 13c nmr chemical shift difference analysis of the models with the natural product, interpretation of enantiospecificity of the serine loading domain of the zwittermicin a biosynthetic gene cluster, and degradation of the natural product. | 2007 | 17249781 |
| low molecular weight chitosan--preparation with the aid of pepsin, characterization, and its bactericidal activity. | pepsin (ec 3.4.4.1) from porcine stomach mucosa caused depolymerization of a chitosan sample (a copolymer of glucosamine and n-acetylglucosamine linked by beta-1-4-glycosidic bonds). n-terminal sequence and zymogram analyses confirmed dual (proteolytic and chitosanolytic) activities of pepsin. optimum depolymerization occurred at ph 5.0 and 45 degrees c with an activity of 4.98 u. low molecular weight chitosan (lmwc), the major depolymerization product, was obtained in a yield of 75-82%, the deg ... | 2007 | 17256986 |