Publications

inactivation of the atp-dependent dnase of escherichia coli after infection with double-stranded dna phages.	the atp-dependent dnase activity of escherichia coli disappeared or was markedly reduced after infection with double-stranded dna phages, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, lambda, phi80, and p1, but not with the single-stranded dna phage f1, or the rna phage qbeta. this dnase activity was not reduced when chloramphenicol was added prior to phage infection.	1974	4610190
does phospholipase have a role in killing and sodium dodecyl sulfate lysis of t4 ghost-infected escherichia coli?	the activation of escherichia coli phospholipase by t4 ghost attachment was shown not to have a significant role in the killing or in the increased sensitivity of the bacterial cells to lysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate.	1974	4610192
covalent joining of phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid half-molecules by t4 rna ligase.	rna ligase from t4-phage-infected escherichia coli cells catalyzes the covalent joining of two polynucleotides that are partially hydrogen-bonded to each other. two polynucleotide fragments derived from yeast trna(phe) and consisting of residues 1-36 and 38-74 are covalently joined by the enzyme. the product of the reaction lacks residue y(37) and has an anticodon loop with six nucleotide residues, whereas all trna species whose sequences have so far been determined have seven nucleotides in thi ...	1974	4610584
kinetics of trifactorial recombination in phage t4.		1974	4610787
spackle and immunity functions of bacteriophage t4.	cells of escherichia coli b infected with the immunity-negative (imm2) mutant of bacteriophage t4 are able to develop a substantial level of immunity to superinfecting phage ghosts if the ghost challenge is made late in infection. this background immunity is not seen in infections with phage carrying the spackle (s) mutation in addition to the imm2 lesion. the level of immunity in s(-) infections is intermediate between that of imm(-) and wild-type infections under standard assay conditions. wit ...	1974	4589853
t4-induced activity required for specific cleavage of a bacteriophage protein in vitro.	we have examined the acid-soluble products formed during incubation of labeled substrate protein from t4-infected cells with unlabeled phage-infected cell extracts. if the substrate protein is prepared from cells infected with a t4 mutant blocked in cleavage of phage head precursor proteins, the products formed in vitro include a peptide indistinguishable by several criteria from one of the t4 internal peptides. denatured as well as undenatured protein can serve as the substrate for the formatio ...	1974	4589856
mutation to overproduction of bacteriophage t4 gene products.	r9 was isolated as one of several mutations that enhanced the growth of a leaky amber (am) mutant of bacteriophage t4 gene 62 (product required for phage dna synthesis) under conditions of partial suppression by ribosomal ambiguity. r9 also enhanced the growth of leaky am mutants of some, but not all, other t4 "early" gene functions. r9 mapped between mutations in genes 43 and 62. by using assays involving polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, we obse ...	1974	4589857
unfolding of the host genome after infection of escherichia coli with bacteriophage t4.	the folded genome of escherichia coli is converted to a slower-sedimenting form within 5 min after infection with bacteriophage t4 or t4nd28(den a)-amn82(44). chloramphenicol sensitivity and response to uv-irradiation of the phage suggest participation of viral-induced functions.	1974	4589860
localization of membrane protein synthesized after infection with bacteriophage t4.	the synthesis of membrane protein after infection with bacteriophage t4 was examined. protein constituents of both the cytoplasmic and outer membrane are made during the infective cycle. in addition, newly synthesized membrane protein is found in material which has a buoyant density greater than that of either of the two host membrane fractions. polyacrylamide gel analyses and solubilization studies using the detergent sarkosyl indicate that synthesis of most of the membrane proteins made during ...	1974	4590020
ribonucleic acid ligase activity of deoxyribonucleic acid ligase from phage t4 infected escherichia coli.		1974	4611476
evidence for a complex regulating the in vivo activities of early enzymes induced by bacteriophage t4.		1974	4612038
assembly and attachment of bacteriophage t4 tail fibers.		1974	4612246
the transformation of tau particles into t4 heads. ii. transformations of the surface lattice and related observations on form determination.		1974	4612249
maturation of the head of bacteriophage t4. v. a possible dna packaging mechanism: in vitro cleavage of the head proteins and the structure of the core of the polyhead.		1974	4612250
the e. coli mrna as a precursor for the t4 phage nucleic acids.		1974	4612341
a novel form of rna polymerase from escherichia coli.	a new form of rna polymerase, termed rna polymerase iii, has been recognized as a large fraction of the rifampicin-sensitive enzyme in e. coli. it is physically separable from rna polymerase (holoenzyme, rna polymerase i) by gel filtration and is distinguished by its capacity to discriminate between m13 and varphix174 viral dna templates in priming dna synthesis. this template specificity is manifested only with saturating levels of dna unwinding protein and characterizes the priming of dna synt ...	1974	4612517
effect of t4 infection on initiation of protein synthesis and messenger specificity of initiation factor 3.		1974	4613276
effect of distamycin a on t4-dna-directed rna synthesis.		1974	4613552
some acridine-resistant mutations of bacteriophage t4d.	three new 9-aminoacridine (9aa) resistant mutations of bacteriophage t4d have been isolated and characterized. two of the mutations, rs and rc, have identical patterns of acridine resistance, but they map on opposite sides of the rii region. in addition, rs has an effect on the plaque morphology of r mutations, whereas rc does not. the third mutation, ama, maps very close to rs but exhibits a different pattern of resistance to 9aa. none of the three is resistant to acridines by virtue of reduced ...	1974	4615039
mutants of bacteriophage t4 deficient in the ability to induce nuclear disruption. i. isolation and genetic characterization.		1974	4615165
mutants of bacteriophage t4 deficient in the ability to induce nuclear disruption. ii. physiological state of the host nucleoid in infected cells.		1974	4615166
letter to the editor: bacteriophage t4 transcriptional control gene 55 codes for a protein bound to escherichia coli rna polymerase.		1974	4615168
an ochre suppressor of bacteriophage t4 that is associated with a transfer rna.		1974	4615176
control by bacteriophage t4 of two sequential phosphorylations of the alpha subunit of escherichia coli rna polymerase.		1974	4615178
bacteriophage t4 mutants deficient in alteration and modification of the escherichia coli rna polymerase.		1974	4615179
preparation of active mrna and intact rrna from bacteriophage t4 infected e. coli.		1974	4615741
the effect of t4 infection on phospholipid synthesis in escherichia coli.		1974	4615742
the effects of freeze-drying on bacteriophage t4.		1974	4615882
phospholipase a-deficient mutants of escherichia coli b.	phospholipase a-deficient mutants were isolated from escherichia coli b/sm as follows. replica plates were incubated to allow formation of colonies and then overlayed with soft agar containing washed sheep erythrocytes, lecithin ca++, colistin, lysozyme and streptomycin. the mutant colonies were detected as colonies without hemolytic zones. two or three cycles of treatment with mutagen and selection were necessary for their isolation. the mutants obtained could grow in a synthetic medium with g ...	1974	4619011
thyroxine (t4) and triiodothyronine (t3): effects of iodine on the serum concentrations and disposal rates in subjects from an endemic goiter area.		1974	4815170
rapid radioimmunoassay for both t4 and t3 in the same sample of human serum.		1974	4815178
size and folding of the messenger for phage t4 lysozyme.		1974	4819638
the genetic mechanism of the integration of fragments of transforming dna of phage t4 and its relationship to the problem of high negative interference.		1974	4824838
protein composition of the tail and contracted sheath of bacteriophage t4.		1974	4826201
evidence for the absence of terminal redundancy in the genome of t4 "light" particles.		1974	4826207
studies on phage internal proteins. 3. specific binding of t4 internal proteins to t4 dna.		1974	4833538
is bacteriophage t4 dna polymerase involved in the repair of ultraviolet damage?		1974	4833546
structural aberrations in t-even bacteriophage. iv. parameters of induction and formation of lollipops.	previous results from our laboratory have shown that when a t-even bacteriophage-infected bacterial cell was exposed to l-canavanine followed by an l-arginine chase, a monster phage particle, termed a lollipop, was formed. we now describe certain parameters concerning (i) the induction and (ii) the formation of t4 lollipops. the induction step involves a t4 late function, and can require only a 3-min exposure to l-canavanine. short pulses of l-canavanine result in the formation of shorter lollip ...	1974	4833613
structural aberrations in t-even bacteriophage. v. effects of canavanine on the maturation and utilization of specific gene products.	previous results have shown that when a t-even bacteriophage-infected cell was exposed to l-canavanine followed by an exposure to l-arginine, a monster phage particle, termed a lollipop, was formed. l-canavanine was necessary for the induction event but l-arginine was required for the maturation of the particle. we now describe the effects of canavanine on the maturation of certain t4 proteins and their role in the induction of lollipops. the cleavage reactions of the head proteins p22, p23, p24 ...	1974	4833614
free triiodothyronine (t3)- and thyroxine (t4) serum levels in old age.		1974	4834667
characterization of bacteriophage t4 dna on the basis of an asymmetric distribution of (g plus c)-rich and (a plus t)-rich segments and their bearing on early and late mrna transcription.		1974	4841174
point mutants in the d2a region of bacteriophage t4 fail to induce t4 endonuclease iv.	we have studied the properties of presumptive point mutants in the d2a region of bacteriophage t4. dominance tests showed that the d2a mutation was recessive to the wild-type allele. the mutations were shown to map in the d2a region by complementation against rii deletions. the d2a mutations were also located between gene 52 and riib by two- and three-factor crosses. the mutants are located at at least two distinct loci in the d2a region. the point mutants grow normally on all hosts tested and n ...	1974	4847325
two modes of in vivo transcription for genes 43 and 45 of phage t4.	sensitivities of the expression of early genes of phage t4 to uv light were determined at various stages of intracellular development of t4 wild type, a dna-negative mutant (t4 do), and t4 tsg1, (a mutant that exhibits delayed expression of some t4 early genes). whereas the sensitivities of some genes in the t4 wild type and t4 do remain constant, genes 43 and 45 exhibit greatly reduced sensitivities several minutes after the onset of phage development. since uv sensitivities are a measure of th ...	1974	4847327
recovery of phage t4 from nitrous acid damage.		1974	4854053
the use of the t4 dna polymerase in identification of 3' terminal nucleotide sequences of duplex dna.		1974	4855152
[effect of prednisolone on the serum tsh, t3 and t4 in a case of hypothyroidism caused by chronic thyroiditis with inflammatory symptoms].		1974	4857018
the interaction of acetylcholinesterase with specific inhibitors conjugated to bacteriophage t4 and of proteins.		1974	4857340
deoxyribonucleic acid dependent ribonucleic acid polymerases from two t4 phage-infected systems.		1974	4589313
[the suppressor gene contained in the genome of t4 phage].		1974	4620269
temperature sensitive mutants of escherichia coli for trna synthesis.	an efficient method was devised to isolate temperature sensitive mutants of e. coli defective in trna biosynthesis. mutants were selected for their inability to express suppressor activity after su3(+)-transducing phage infection. in virtually all the mutants tested, temperature sensitive synthesis of trna(tyr) was demonstrated. electrophoretic fractionation of (32)p labeled rna synthesized at high temperature showed in some mutants changes in mobility of the main trna band and the appearance of ...	1974	10793671
nucleotide sequence determination of bacteriophage t4 glycine transfer ribonucleic acid.	the nucleotide sequence of a t4 trna with an anticodon for glycine has been determined using (32)p-labeled material from t4-infected cultures of escherichiacoli. the sequence is: pgcggauaucguauaaugmgdauuaccucagacuuccaapsicugaugaugugagtpsicgauucucauuauccgcucca-oh. the 74 nucleotide sequence can be arranged in the classic cloverleaf pattern for trnas. the anticodon of t4 trna(gly) is ucc with a possible modification of the u. the trna molecule would thus be expected to recognize the glycine codons ...	1974	10793690
a multiple ligand-binding radioimmunoassay of diiodotyrosine.	a radioimmunoassay has been developed for the measurement of 3,5-diiodo-l-tyrosine (dit) in serum. dit was coupled to porcine thyroglobulin (ptg) with a molar ratio of 205:1. rabbits were immunized with 1 mg of immunogen emulsified in complete freund's adjuvant. sera were screened for their ability to bind trace amounts of [125i]dit. a serum that bound 40% of the tracer at a final dilution of 1:1,750 was used in the assay. assay specificity was improved by the use of thyroxine (t4)-binding globu ...	1974	11344555
maturation of the head of bacteriophage t4. ii. head-related, aberrant tau-particles.		1973	4589646
sheath of bacteriophage t4. 3. contraction mechanism deduced from partially contracted sheaths.		1973	4589647
bacteriophage t4 inhibits colicin e2-induced degradation of escherichia coli dna. 3. zone sedimentation analyses of the dna degradation products.		1973	4589649
modification of leucine trna of escherichia coli after bacteriophage t4 infection.		1973	4589681
degradation of t4 dna synthesized in the absence of phage ligase.		1973	4574516
evidence for the utilization of host trna(m 5 u)methylase to modify trna coded by phage t4.		1973	4574517
mutants of bacteriophage t4 which allow amber mutants of gene 32 to grow in ochre-suppressing hosts.		1973	4574876
intergenic suppression of amber polynucleotide ligase mutation in bacteriophage t4. ii.		1973	4574877
differential effects of sigma factor, ionic strength, and ribonucleoside triphosphate concentration on the transcription of phage t4 dna with ribonucleic acid polymerase of escherichia coli.		1973	4575182
serological relatedness of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid polymerases.	a number of bacterial species have been surveyed for serological activities with antiserum to escherichia coli b deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) polymerase i (ec 2.7.7.7.). the degree of serological cross-reaction is taken as a measure of relatedness of both the enzyme molecules from various species and the bacterial species themselves. extracts were assayed by complement fixation only after treatment with deoxyribonuclease, since dna bound to dna polymerase alters the serological activity of the en ...	1973	4630512
bacteriophage t4 head maturation: release of progeny dna from the host cell membrane.	we have presented a new approach to studying bacteriophage t4 head maturation. using a modified m-band technique, we have shown that progeny deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) was synthesized on the host cell membrane throughout infection. this dna was released from the membrane later in infection as the result of formation of the phage head; detachment of the dna required the action of gene products 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 16, 17 and 49, known to be necessary for normal head formation. gene products 2 ...	1973	4632440
[genetic transformation of phage t4rii-638 by phage t4 deoxyribonucleic acid. xvi. effect of phage t4 gene v and bacterial genes rec a and uvr a on the effectiveness of phage t4rii-638 transformation].		1973	4619991
[transcription time of phage t4 genes and its relation to chromosome replication].		1973	4619992
pyrimidine-ribonucleotide pools and their turnover in phage t4-infected escherichia coli cells.		1973	4590122
transfection of escherichia coli spheroplasts. ii. relative infectivity of native, denatured, and renatured lambda, t7, t5, t4, and p22 bacteriophage dnas.	the change of infectivity of phage dnas after heat and alkali denaturation (and renaturation) was measured. t7 phage dna infectivity increased 4- to 20-fold after denaturation and decreased to the native level after renaturation. both the heavy and the light single strand of t7 phage dna were about five times as infective as native t7 dna. t4 and p22 phage dna infectivity increased 4- to 20-fold after denaturation and increased another 10- to 20-fold after renaturation. these data, combined with ...	1973	4591046
requirement of a functional gene 32 product of bacteriophage t4 in uv, repair.	a temperature-sensitive mutation in gene 32 was used to study the role of gene 32 protein in the repair of uv-damaged dna of bacteriophage t4. it was possible to distinguish between repair and replication of dna at 33 c. at this temperature, dna replication continued, and the intracellular dna was stable. in contrast, no significant repair of uv-damaged dna was observed even 40 min after the irradiation. therefore, it was concluded that the defect in the repair mechanism at this temperature is n ...	1973	4591048
mechanism of replication of single-stranded phix174 dna. vii. circularization of the progeny viral strand.	linear phix174 single-stranded dna can be isolated from phix phage particles produced under various conditions. about half of the linear strands have a dgmp residue at the 5' end, the remaining have roughly comparable amounts of dcmp, dtmp, and damp. the linear strands can be converted to covalently closed circular molecules by polynucleotide ligase, but only after they have been incubated with t4 dna polymerase and deoxynucleoside triphosphates. experiments with endonuclease r, the restriction ...	1973	4591049
bacteriophage t7 dna synthesis in isolated dna-membrane complexes.	a dna-membrane complex isolated from escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage t7 contains newly synthesized t7 dna and the t7 dna polymerase (gene 5 product). the dna present in the complex appears to exist as a concatemer which contains single-strand breaks and possibly internal single-stranded regions (gaps). the complex is capable of synthesizing t7 dna by using endogenous template, and part of the dna is made by a semiconservative mechanism. a portion of the in vitro synthesized dna sedi ...	1973	4591051
transcription units in bacteriophage t4.	we have investigated the possibility of assigning genes of t4 bacteriophage to their units of transcription (scriptons) by studying gene expression from uv-irradiated dna templates. since rna chains are prematurely terminated on uv-irradiated dna templates and since the promotor distal part of the rna chain is deleted, the expression of any gene is inversely proportional to the distance between the promotor and the promotor distal end of the gene. we find that the early genes, 43, 45 and riib, a ...	1973	4591053
conditionally lethal mutants of bacteriophage t4 defective in production of a transfer rna.		1973	4591184
the psu1+ amber suppressor gene of bacteriophage t4: identification of its amino acid and transfer rna.		1973	4591185
inhibition of phage t2 reproduction by phage t4 in a mixed infection of escherichia coli.		1973	4591405
ribosomes after infection with bacteriophage t4 and t7.		1973	4593028
genetic control of bacteriophage t4 morphogenesis.		1973	4593174
the target of recombination in crossings of different phage t4 mutants.		1973	4593272
t4 and the rolling circle model of replication.		1973	4593307
2-aminopurine induced mutations in t4 bacteriophage.		1973	4594004
radiation sensitive mutants of phage t4. a comparative study.		1973	4686984
studies on t4-induced nucleases. isolation and characterization of a manganese-activated t4-induced endonuclease.		1973	4692845
relationship between molecular weight of t4 phag-induced deoxynucleotide kinase and the size of its messenger ribonucleic acid.		1973	4700455
the unexpected location of a gene conferring abnormal radiation sensitivity on phage t4.		1973	4700894
in vitro characterization of a mutator t4 dna polymerase.		1973	4711554
the genetic control of spontaneous and induced mutation rates in bacteriophage t4.		1973	4711557
the urinary excretion of triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) in man.		1973	4720945
modification of column chromatography in t4 analysis.		1973	4728960
late gene function in bacteriophage t4 in the absence of phage dna replication.		1973	4729525
function of the bacteriophage t4 transfer rna's.		1973	4729526
involvement of bacteriophage t4 genes in radiation repair.		1973	4731014
crystalline t4 bacteriophage.		1973	4732075
detection of antibodies specific for ftc, dns and myoglobin by neutralization of conjugated bacteriophage t4.		1973	4734807
[examination of tsh (thyroid stimulating hormone) test using t4 level in the blood as an index].		1973	4736418
t4 extraction efficiencies of three alcohols.		1973	4743037
multiple initiation of bacteriophage t4 dna replication: delaying effect of bromodeoxyuridine.	effects of bromodeoxyuridine (budr) substitutions in phage t4 dna on the initial stages of dna replication were investigated. electron microscope studies of partially replicated, light (thymidine-containing) t4 dna revealed the presence of multiple loops and forks. these dna preparations had no budr in either parental or newly synthesized dna, and the observations thus show that multiple initiation of dna replication is a normal event in t4 development and is not caused by the presence of budr. ...	1973	4747986
replicative hybrid of t4 bacteriophage dna.	hybrid density replicative t4 dna was isolated from cscl, sheared, and reanalyzed in cscl. the results rule out a branched model for t4 dna replication and confirm that t4 dna replicates to a conventional, semiconservative, colinear hybrid.	1973	4747988
intragenic complementation between temperature-sensitive mutants of gene 42 (dcmp hydroxymethylase) of bacteriophage t4.	interallelic complementation between certain temperature-sensitive mutants of gene 42 of bacteriophage t4 was demonstrated by measuring the incorporation of labeled thymine into dna.	1973	4747990
[intrathyroid iodine metabolism and biological half-life of t4 in children].		1973	4751476
nucleotide sequence of a glycine transfer rna coded by bacteriophage t4.		1973	4753761
purification of t4 phage by adsorption on polylysine agarose.		1973	4753762