Publications

unexpectedly high allelic diversity at the kit locus causing dominant white color in the domestic pig.	mutations in kit encoding the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (mgf) are responsible for coat color variation in domestic pigs. the dominant white phenotype is caused by two mutations, a gene duplication and a splice mutation in one of the copies leading to skipping of exon 17. here we applied minisequencing and pyrosequencing for quantitative analysis of the number of copies with the splice form. an unexpectedly high genetic diversity was revealed in white pigs. we found four different kit ...	2002	11805065
simultaneous intra/extravascular administration of antiproliferative agents as a new strategy to inhibit restenosis: the peak of reactive cell proliferation as a hallmark for the duration of the treatment.	strictly intravascular approaches for the treatment of postangioplasty restenosis are effective in the intima and the inner parts of the media but may be insufficient to control redundant pathways in the more outer parts of the media and the adventitia. an inverse situation may occur subsequently to a strictly extravascular approach, like the recently suggested pericardial approach in pigs. we hypothesized that simultaneous intra/extravascular administration of anti-restenotic agents inhibits re ...	2002	11825339
a newly designed vertebral replacement implant to reconstruct the thoracolumbar spine anteriorly.	calcium phosphate compounds are becoming of increasingly great importance in the field of biomaterials and, in particular, as bone substitutes. in this way donor-side morbidity can be avoided. a type a lesion of the vertebral body can be the reason of a neurological deficit, requiring a corpectomy by means of an anterior approach, tricortical bone grafting and internal stabilization to get a fusion over time. it is our aim to introduce in this study a newly designed vertebral replacement device, ...	2002	11925738
a new bipolar feedback-controlled sealing system for closure of the cystic duct and artery.	bile leaks are serious complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. the aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of closure of the cystic duct with a new feedback-controlled bipolar sealing system (ligasure).	2002	11997828
the role of approximate entropy in predicting ventricular defibrillation threshold.	the role of myocardial tissue mass on ventricular defibrillation threshold (dft) is unclear. we hypothesized that changes in tissue mass modulate dft by changing ventricular fibrillation (vf) wavefront regularity (entropy).	2002	12000978
use of fan beam dual energy x-ray absorptiometry to measure body composition of piglets.	a piglet model was used to determine whether the fan beam dual energy x-ray absorptiometry technique (dxa) could be adapted for the measurement of body composition of small subjects. commercial domestic swine piglets (n = 14) with weights between 1.95 and 21.1 kg had duplicate fan beam-dxa scans followed by chemical analysis of body composition. each scan required 2-3 min to complete. dxa-measured total body weight was validated against scale weights of the piglets (with and without blanket and ...	2002	12042462
does cortisol bias cytokine production in cultured porcine splenocytes to a th2 phenotype?	glucocorticoids are reported to bias the production of cytokines from a type 1 to a type 2 phenotype. however, this dogma has been advanced largely from studies utilizing potent glucocorticoid analogs, particularly dexamethasone (dex). although studies utilizing dex certainly have clinical and pharmacological relevance, dex is probably not the best glucocorticoid for studies designed to evaluate the interaction and regulation of endogenous corticosteroids with immune cells in vivo in the domesti ...	2002	12072272
vasopressin improves survival in a pig model of hypothermic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.	during hypothermic cardiopulmonary resuscitation with a body core temperature <30 degrees c administration of a vasopressor to support coronary perfusion pressure is controversial. the purpose of the current study was to assess the effects of a single 0.4-unit/kg dose of vasopressin on coronary perfusion pressure, defibrillation success, and 1-hr survival in a pig model of hypothermic closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with rewarming.	2002	12072687
impact of jpeg lossy image compression on quantitative digital subtraction radiography.	the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of jpeg lossy image compression on the estimation of alveolar bone gain by quantitative digital subtraction radiography (dsr).	2002	12076050
distribution and density of medium- and short-wavelength selective cones in the domestic pig retina.	the topography of medium (m)- and short (s)-wavelength sensitive cone photoreceptors was studied in the domestic pig retina. antisera specific for m or s opsin as well as cone photoreceptor proteins arrestin and alpha-transducin were used to label cone types. retinal wholemounts and their blood vessel patterns were drawn and specific regions removed. the wholemounts were immunocytochemically labelled to detect both m and s cones, and the specific regions labelled to detect s cones. cones were co ...	2002	12076087
mesenchymal stem cell implantation in a swine myocardial infarct model: engraftment and functional effects.	a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction involves the use of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs). the purpose of this study was to investigate whether implantation of autologous mscs results in sustained engraftment, myogenic differentiation, and improved cardiac function in a swine myocardial infarct model.	2002	12078791
a selective alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist for cardiac resuscitation.	the effects of selective alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist alpha-methylnorepinephrine on the initial success of resuscitation and postresuscitation myocardial function were compared with nonselective alpha- and beta-adrenergic epinephrine in a swine model of cardiac arrest. epinephrine, the primary pharmacological intervention in the treatment of cardiac arrest, improves immediate outcome. however, epinephrine increases the severity of myocardial dysfunction after cardiac resuscitation. both inotropic ...	2002	12080325
cytogenetic and molecular characterization of eight new reciprocal translocations in the pig species. estimation of their incidence in french populations.	eight new cases of reciprocal translocation in the domestic pig are described. all the rearrangements were highlighted using gtg banding techniques. chromosome painting experiments were also carried out to confirm the proposed hypotheses and to accurately locate the breakpoints. three translocations, rcp(4;6)(q21;p14), rcp(2;6)(p17;q27) and rcp(5;17)(p12;q13) were found in boars siring small litters (8.3 and 7.4 piglets born alive per litter, on average, for translocations 2/6 and 5/17, respecti ...	2002	12081804
effects of ketamine-xylazine and isoflurane on insulin sensitivity in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate-treated minipigs (sus scrofa domestica).	isoflurane and ketamine-xylazine (kx) combinations are widely used veterinary anesthetics, kx being the particularly common agent for immobilizing swine. results of previous studies indicate that kx and xylazine suppress insulin release. the steroid hormones, dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) and its sulfated form, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (dheas), have variable effects on insulin sensitivity in animals. we evaluated the effect of dheas on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in female yu ...	2002	12102568
treatment of post resuscitation myocardial dysfunction: aortic counterpulsation versus dobutamine.	post resuscitation myocardial stunning is well described and recognized as a significant contributor to poor long-term outcome following cardiac arrest. optimal strategies for treatment have not been determined.	2002	12104111
prehistoric introduction of domestic pigs onto the okinawa islands: ancient mitochondrial dna evidence.	ancient dnas of sus scrofa specimens excavated from archaeological sites on the okinawa islands were examined to clarify the genetic relationships among prehistoric sus scrofa, modern wild boars and domestic pigs inhabiting the ryukyu archipelago, the japanese islands, and the asian continent. we extracted remain dna from 161 bone specimens excavated from 12 archaeological sites on the okinawa islands and successfully amplified mitochondrial dna control region fragments from 33 of 161 specimens. ...	2002	12107598
apparent cross-infection with a single strain of malassezia pachydermatis on a pig farm.	twenty-nine isolates of malassezia pachydermatis were recovered from a single farm of 100 pigs in croatia. in contrast, 290 farm pigs from other locations (northern parts of croatia and slovenia) yielded only two non-lipid dependent isolates of m. pachydermatis using the same swabbing procedure. ten of the 29 isolates from a single farm had their identity confirmed by karyotyping, and were typed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. all but one of these isolates sub-typed ...	2002	12113169
c-fos mrna expression associated with pgf(2alpha)-induced nest-building behaviour in female pigs.	domestic pigs, sus scrofa, build a maternal nest on the day before parturition. a model for nest building has been established in pigs, in which exogenously administered prostaglandin (pg) f(2alpha) may be used to elicit nesting behaviour in cyclic, pseudopregnant and pregnant pigs. the central mechanisms mediating this response are unknown. the present study determined regional brain activity using semi-quantitative analysis of c-fos mrna, after induction of nest-building behaviour by pgf(2alph ...	2002	12117548
adverse outcomes of interrupted precordial compression during automated defibrillation.	current versions of automated external defibrillators (aeds) require frequent stopping of chest compression for rhythm analyses and capacity charging. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of these interruptions during the operation of aeds.	2002	12119255
a 24-h pneumoperitoneum leads to multiple organ impairment in a porcine model.	background: an intra-abdominal pressure (iap) of 15 mm hg reduces intestinal organ perfusion in humans and animals, but it is unknown whether this results in organ damage. the purpose of this study was to evaluate if an iap of 15 mm hg lasting for 24 h in a porcine model will lead to morphologic impairment of intestinal and adjacent organs. methods: we examined 12 intubated and anesthetized domestic pigs (51.8 +/- 4.4 kg). using co2 pneumoperitoneum, the iap was raised to 15 mm hg (study group, ...	2002	12127806
regional variation in myocardial water content in the edematous pig heart.	the purpose of this study was to examine regional variation in myocardial water content (%mwc) throughout the iatrogenically edematous pig heart.	2002	12127810
beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate, a novel cyclic oligosaccharide, inhibits thrombus and neointimal formation after coronary vascular injury.	neointimal formation is a major cause of restenosis after interventional vascular procedures. beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate (beta-cdt) has been shown to inhibit fibroblast growth factor activity and we hypothesized that beta-cdt would reduce intimal formation.	2002	12131024
comparison of pulsatile and nonpulsatile perfusion of the lung in an extracorporeal large animal model.	extracorporeal lung-perfusion models are widely used to evaluate pulmonary preservation techniques and reperfusion injury. however, these models mainly depend on nonpulsatile flow, which is not physiological and can subsequently lead to pulmonary edema. observation in a standardized setting and reliability of functional and structural data assessment are therefore limited. to overcome these limitations we developed a new extracorporeal large animal lung perfusion model utilizing pulsatile flow t ...	2002	12145559
radioactive 133-xenon gas-filled balloon to prevent restenosis: dosimetry, efficacy, and safety considerations.	ionizing radiation administered intraluminally via catheter-based systems using solid beta and gamma sources or liquid-filled balloons has shown reduction in the neointima formation after injury in the porcine model. we propose a novel system that uses a 133-xenon (133xe) radioactive gas-filled balloon catheter system.	2002	12163434
cerebral veno-arterial pco2 difference as an estimator of uncompensated cerebral hypoperfusion.	the aim of the present study was to assess the veno-arterial difference in pco2 (delta pco2) as an indicator of ischemia compared to the arteriovenous o2 difference (avdo2). staircase cerebral blood flow (cbf) reductions were obtained in seven domestic pigs by inducing intracranial hypertension: cbf 100%, 50-60% of baseline, 20-30% of baseline. icp, map, cpp and cbf (laser-doppler method) were continuously recorded. the superior sagittal sinus was punctured to determine avdo2 and delta pco2. avd ...	2002	12168304
trichinella britovi in domestic pig--a case report.		2002	12173503
thoracoscopic internal mammary sentinel node biopsy: an animal model of a new technique.	the nodal status remains the most important prognostic factor in breast cancer. while evaluation of the axillary lymph nodes remains a standard of practice, evaluation of the internal mammary lymph nodes is no longer routinely performed. in the era of extensive radical mastectomies, it was shown that up to 40% of breast cancer patients had nodal metastases in the internal mammary chain. this resulted in up to 10% of presumed "node-negative" patients actually being node-positive when the internal ...	2002	12175975
hormonal changes related to reduced renal blood flow and low urine output under prolonged increased intra-abdominal pressure in pigs.	to investigate effects of prolonged increased intra-abdominal pressure (iap) on diuresis, renal blood flow, and hormones that influence renal function, in particular endothelin.	2002	12182244
effectiveness of radioactive tungsten source in the prevention of restenosis in stented porcine coronary arteries.	intracoronary radiation has shown the potential to inhibit neointimal proliferation in porcine models of restenosis. the objective of this study was to determine whether intracoronary radiation using a new coiled wire of tungsten-188 ((188)w), a pure beta emitter (half-life 69.4 days) is safe. in addition, a dose of 0 gy, 18 gy, or 25 gy prescribed to 2 mm from the center of the source and delivered intraluminally is sufficient to prevent restenosis and free from adverse effects.	2002	12182999
immunophenotyping of leukocyte subsets in peripheral blood and palatine tonsils of prefattening pigs.	the quantitative and distribution patterns of porcine peripheral blood and tonsillar lymphoid/myeloid cell subsets were assessed in order to establish the immune status of farm pigs prior to their transfer to fattening units. peripheral blood and tonsillar samples were taken from clinically healthy, nonvaccinated, 12-week-old pigs, either ex vivo or following euthanasia. single-colour flow cytometry, using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) reactive with the swine leukocyte cluster of differentiation ...	2002	12184498
[investigation on contraction mechanism of expanded tissue].	to investigate the contraction mechanism of expanded tissue.	2002	12189708
splanchnic and pancreatic tissue perfusion in experimental acute pancreatitis.	gut hypoperfusion has a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure, which is the main cause of death in severe acute pancreatitis. the effects of experimental acute pancreatitis on splanchnic and pancreatic perfusion and oxygenation were studied to find out whether gut hypoperfusion occurs already at the same time as changes in pancreatic perfusion.	2002	12190101
interposition of a jejunal segment as an alternative one-stage operation for acute left colon obstruction.	much debate surrounds the one-stage surgical management of acute left colon obstruction. many surgeons are still reluctant to perform primary anastomosis in unprepared bowel fearing the risk of anastomotic dehiscence. although intraoperative lavage and subtotal colectomy have recently proved effective for preventing fecal loading, both of these procedures have drawbacks and the search for additional alternative surgical procedures continues. we conducted an experimental study to examine a new on ...	2002	12203059
effects of hypertonic saline on myocardial blood flow in a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest.	to evaluate the effects of hypertonic saline (hs) on myocardial reperfusion pressure (mpp) and blood flow (mbf), and cardiac index (ci) during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr).	2002	12204461
effect of inhaled endotoxin on cardiopulmonary function and e-selectin expression in pigs.	to evaluate the effect of controlled exposure to inhaled lipopolysaccharides (lps) on the pulmonary inflammatory response of anesthetized pigs.	2002	12224865
evolution of the stone heart after prolonged cardiac arrest.	we hypothesized that progressive impairment in diastolic function during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) precedes evolution of the "stone heart" after failure of cpr. we therefore measured sequential changes in left ventricular (lv) volumes and free-wall thickness of the heart during cpr in an experimental model.	2002	12226047
anthropogenic deforestation, el niño and the emergence of nipah virus in malaysia.	in late 1998, a novel paramyxovirus named nipah virus, emerged in malaysia, causing fatal disease in domestic pigs and humans with substantial economic loss to the local pig industry. pteropid fruitbats have since been identified as a natural reservoir host. over the last two decades, the forest habitat of these bats in southeast asia has been substantially reduced by deforestation for pulpwood and industrial plantation. in 1997/1998, slash-and-burn deforestation resulted in the formation of a s ...	2002	16329551
preparation and analysis of spermatocyte meiotic pachytene bivalents of pigs for gene mapping.	well-spread meiotic pachytene bivalents were obtained by using the prolonged hypotonic treatment combined with high chloroform carnory's fixative solution from cells of the testes of domestic pigs. comparison in the division index and length of pachytene bivalents with metaphase chromosomes showed that those of the former are 5 times higher and 3.42(1.87-5.98) times longer than those of the latter. comparative studies on chromomere maps of bivalents and mitotic chromosomal g-bands were conducted ...	2002	12528898
perivascular endothelial implants inhibit intimal hyperplasia in a model of arteriovenous fistulae: a safety and efficacy study in the pig.	vascular access complications are a major problem in hemodialysis patients. native arteriovenous fistulae, historically the preferred mode of access, have a patency rate of only 60% at 1 year. the most common mode of failure is due to progressive stenosis at the anastomotic site. we have previously demonstrated that perivascular endothelial cell implants inhibit intimal thickening following acute balloon injury in pigs and now seek to determine if these implants provide a similar benefit in the ...	2002	12566978
comparison of a new stent and wallstent for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a porcine model.	to evaluate a new balloon-expandable stainless steel stent (cordis stent) in a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) porcine model and compared with wallstent.	2001	11819736
stress response to cold in trichinella species.	trichinella-type larvae (l(1)) are found in the muscles of infected wild animals and domestic pigs and are the cause of trichinosis in man and other animals throughout the world. these parasites are exposed to low temperatures during their life cycle. on this premise, three trichinella species of different types of habitat (the arctic t. nativa, the cosmopolitan t. spiralis, and the tropical t. nelsoni) were selected to examine the effect of a shift in temperature, from 37 to 4 degrees c, on lon ...	2001	12009726
non-invasive measurement of blood pressures in the yucatan micropig (sus scrofa domestica), with and without midazolam-induced sedation.	current literature suggests that the effects of midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine, on blood pressure in swine are minimal. the hypothesis of the study reported here was that a light sedative dose would induce a decrease in blood pressure in this species. healthy female yucatan micropigs (n = 20), 16 to 30 (mean, 22) kg, aged four six months, were individually placed in a humane restraint sling and allowed to acclimate. systolic (sbp), diastolic (dbp), and mean (mbp) blood pressures (mmhg ...	2001	11926295
pathogenesis of african swine fever virus in ornithodoros ticks.	african swine fever virus (asfv) is the only known dna arbovirus and the sole member of the family asfarviridae. it causes a lethal, hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs. asfv is enzootic in sub-saharan africa and is maintained in a sylvatic cycle by infecting both wild members of the suidae (e.g. warthogs) and the argasid tick ornithodoros porcinus porcinus. the pathogenesis of asfv in o. porcinus porcinus ticks is characterized by a low infectious dose, lifelong infection, efficient transmissi ...	2001	11831434
diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin fails to improve left ventricular diastolic function after fluid resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock.	in severe hemorrhagic shock, left ventricular (lv) diastolic dysfunction is an early sign of cardiac failure due to compromised myocardial oxygenation. immediate fluid replacement or, in particular, administration of a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin; dclhb) improves myocardial oxygenation; therefore, positive effects on lv diastolic function could be expected. the effects of fluid resuscitation from severe hemorrhagic shock with dclhb were investigated in 20 a ...	2001	11805391
evaluation of the genetic variability of 13 microsatellite markers in native indian pigs.	we analysed polymorphism of 13 microsatellites in two indian domesticated pig types (north indian and northeast indian). heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, and probability of identity of two random individuals were calculated for all microsatellites in both types. the number of alleles observed at a locus varied between five and 12. the evaluated microsatellites exhibited a very high heterozygosity and polymorphism information content. the probability of identity of two random ind ...	2001	11988634
optimizing timing of ventricular defibrillation.	our intent was to evolve a prognosticator that would predict the likelihood that an electrical shock would restore a perfusing rhythm. such a prognosticator was to be based on conventional electrocardiographic signals but without constraints caused by artifacts resulting from precordial compression. the adverse effects of "hands off" intervals for rhythm analyses would therefore be minimized. such a prognosticator was further intended to reduce the number of electrical shocks and the total energ ...	2001	11801840
[risk factors for human african trypanosomiasis in the bipindi region of cameroon].	in the course of two surveys carried out at the end of 1998 and beginning of 1999, sleeping sickness was diagnosed in a total of 43 people in the bipindi region of cameroon. this observation led us to investigate the mechanisms of transmission of human african trypanosomiasis in the epicentrer of the outbreak. a case-control study showed a particularly high risk of infection associated with hunting activities (odds-ratio: 2.87; ci 95%: 0.96-9.52). interpretation of this finding in the light of l ...	2001	11803830
gut luminal lactate release during gradual intestinal ischemia.	gut ischemia induced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (sma) results in release of lactate into the gut lumen. we studied the threshold of sma flow reduction that leads to increased gut luminal lactate during stepwise reduction in sma blood flow.	2001	11797028
molecular phylogenetics relationship between six chinese native pig breeds and three swedish pig breeds from mitochondrial dna.	mitochondrial dna genetic polymorphisms were used to evaluate the relationship between 6 chinese indigenous pig breeds and 3 swedish domestic pig breeds. a total of 440 bp of the control region and 798 bp of cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of mtdna were determined from 140 pigs of 9 different breeds. the results of phylogenetics analysis showed that 6 chinese native pig breeds originated from the asian wild boar. the pairwise nucleotide sequences divergence suggested that they might occur about 413,00 ...	2001	11797341
functional comparison of transmyocardial revascularization by mechanical and laser means.	as a result of the clinical benefit observed in angina patients treated by transmyocardial revascularization (tmr) with a laser, interest in mechanical tmr has been renewed. although the injury induced by mechanical tmr is similar to laser tmr, the resultant impact on myocardial contractility is unknown. the purpose of this study was to determine whether mechanical tmr improves ventricular function as compared with laser tmr in chronically ischemic myocardium.	2001	11789783
ocular fluorescein kinetics before and after vitrectomy on swine.	to study the quantitative effects of vitrectomy on fluorescein transport kinetics across the ocular barriers.	2001	11789863
habituating pigs for in-pen, non-invasive biophysical skin analysis.	the purpose of this study was to develop a method for habituating pigs (sus scrofa domestica, middle white strain) to enable non-invasive, biophysical measurements of dorsal skin to be obtained on a daily basis over a 7-week period, thus eliminating the need for anaesthesia or restraint. this was accomplished by associating measurements of transepidermal water loss (tewl) and skin reflectance spectroscopy (srs) with feeding times, and with positive reinforcement by allowing exercise outside the ...	2001	11459406
effects of birth season, breed, sex, and sire family on cardiac morphology determined in pigs (sus scrofa domestica) by use of echocardiography.	echocardiography played an important role in the screening and diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. in the study reported here, we attempted to evaluate the effects of birth season, breed, sex, and sire family on cardiac morphology determined in pigs by use of echocardiography.	2001	11924818
molecular variation of taenia solium in the world.	complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit i (co i) genes from various isolates of taenia solium were examined. eleven isolates were analyzed; two isolates from china, two isolates from indonesia, one isolate each from india, thailand, mexico, ecuador, peru, mozambique and tanzania. in both genes, two isolates from indonesia shared the same sequences. similarly, the isolate from mexico shared same sequences with that from peru, and the ...	2001	12041611
a histologic analysis of three-dimensional versus two-dimensional tissue expansion in the porcine model.	recently, a two-dimensional silastic dacron stretching skin device has been developed for scalp reduction surgery. attached subgaleally, this device stretches skin over time, while avoiding the visible volumetric distention that is typical of three-dimensional tissue expanders. unlike three-dimensional expanders, the histological changes observed with a two-dimensional stretching device have not been described in the literature. the present study compares the histological effects of two-dimensio ...	2001	11192897
use of intraosseous blood for repeated hematologic and biochemical analyses in healthy pigs.	to evaluate the clinical and histologic effects of repeated intraosseous (io) needle placement in domestic pigs and determine whether blood and serum obtained intraosseously could be used for cbc and biochemical analyses.	2001	11197559
fasciolopsiasis: is it a controllable food-borne disease?	fasciolopsiasis, endemic to the orient and southeast asia, is a snail-transmitted, intestinal, food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by a trematode, fasciolopsis buski, which also infects farm pigs. fasciolopsiasis remains a public health problem despite changes in eating habits, alterations in social and agricultural practices, health education, industrialization, and environmental alterations. the disease occurs focally and is most prevalent in school-age children. in foci of parasite transmiss ...	2001	11199855
seasonal alterations in circadian melatonin rhythms of the european wild boar and domestic gilt.	the aims of the present study were: 1) to determine if the european wild boar exhibits a circadian pattern of melatonin secretion under its natural light environment; 2) to compare this pattern with the pattern in domestic pigs reared under the light environment typical for domesticity; and 3) to determine if there are seasonal alterations in melatonin rhythms. four to six young, pure-bred, european wild boars and four to six cross-bred (yorkshire x finnish landrace) domestic gilts were sampled ...	2001	11168906
gastrointestinal transit of dosage forms in the pig.	the gastrointestinal transit of liquid, pellet and tablet formulations was measured under fasted conditions in the domestic pig (n = 4) using the technique of gamma scintigraphy. the mean times for 50% gastric emptying for liquid and pellet systems were 1.4 and 2.2 h, respectively; tablets emptied between 1.5 and 6.0 h. total transit times were in the order of 50 h. these data conform well to published values for the transit of liquid and solid food materials in the pig. the times are much short ...	2001	11206190
experimental infection of european wild boars and domestic pigs with pseudorabies viruses with differing virulence.	to determine susceptibility of european wild boars (sus scrofa) to infection with pseudorabies virus (prv) and to characterize the virulence of a wildboar prv isolate for wild and domestic pigs.	2001	11212035
mass closure technique: an experimental study on separation of wound edge.	to study separation of wound edges in midline laparotomy incisions closed with either a mass stitch or a stitch incorporating only aponeurosis.	2001	11213824
effect of vascular occlusion on radiofrequency ablation of the liver: results in a porcine model.	this study determined the effect of vascular occlusion on radiofrequency lesion shape, volume, and temperature in a porcine liver model.	2001	11222227
multiple groups of novel retroviral genomes in pigs and related species.	in view of the concern over potential infection hazards in the use of porcine tissues and organs for xenotransplantation to humans, we investigated the diversity of porcine endogenous retrovirus (perv) genomes in the dna of domestic pigs and related species. in addition to the three known envelope subgroups of infectious gamma retroviruses (perv-a, -b, and -c), classed together here as perv group gamma 1, four novel groups of gamma retrovirus (gamma 2 to gamma 5) and four novel groups of beta re ...	2001	11222700
comparative pathogenesis of infection of pigs with hepatitis e viruses recovered from a pig and a human.	specific-pathogen-free pigs were inoculated with one of two hepatitis e viruses (hev) (one recovered from a pig and the other from a human) to study the relative pathogenesis of the two viruses in swine. fifty-four pigs were randomly assigned to three groups. seventeen pigs in group 1 served as uninoculated controls, 18 pigs in group 2 were intravenously inoculated with the swine hev recovered from a pig in the united states, and 19 pigs in group 3 were intravenously inoculated with the us-2 str ...	2001	11230404
effects of epinephrine on intestinal oxygen supply and mucosal tissue oxygen tension in pigs.	to study the effects of increasing dosages of epinephrine given intravenously on intestinal oxygen supply and, in particular, mucosal tissue oxygen tension in an autoperfused, innervated jejunal segment.	2001	11246318
influence of environmental temperature on pgf(2alpha)-induced nest building in female pigs.	domestic pigs build a maternal nest in the day preceding parturition. we have shown that prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pgf(2alpha)) induces nest building behaviour in non-pregnant pigs. the aim of this experiment was to examine the effects of different environmental temperatures on pgf(2alpha)-induced nest building. data were collected from 9 large white (lw) and 10 large black (lb) 8-9-month-old nulliparous sows (gilts). the pigs were housed in social groups between experiments and tested individual ...	2001	11248379
hemostatic laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: cable-tie compression.	laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (lpn) has generally been reserved for small exophytic lesions because of the limited hemostatic capabilities when excising large segments of renal parenchyma. to overcome this problem, we investigated a technique of laparoscopic reversible, regional hypoperfusion using a cable-tie to minimize blood loss and optimize exposure.	2001	11248648
vocalisations of the adult female domestic pig during a standard human approach test and their relationships with behavioural and heart rate measures.	vocal communication in the domestic pig is generally not well documented. the aim of this experiment was to categorise and ascribe the function of the vocalisations of 67 large whitexlandrace gilts during a standard human approach test. at testing, each group of 3-5 gilts was moved to a handling area where each individual in turn was fitted with a heart rate monitor and introduced individually to a 2.4mx2.4m test arena. after 2min familiarisation, an unfamiliar human entered the pen and stood fo ...	2001	11259824
closed-circuit organ perfusion technique for gene transfer into the lungs. an experimental trial on farm pigs.	in an attempt to develop gene therapy for lung diseases, we have explored a closed-circuit surgical perfusion method for gene transfer into the lung. for gene transfer we used a replication defective type 5 adenovirus carrying the e. coli beta-galactosidase gene as a reporter gene. the middle lobe of the right lung of eight young farm pigs was perfused in vivo via thoracotomy for up to 60 min with the viral solution. the gene transfer was performed using a closed-circuit organ perfusion method i ...	2001	11264656
effects of intraarterial thrombin in the swine model.	to evaluate the effects of catheter-directed thrombin in the peripheral arterial circulation of swine.	2001	11265889
comparison of intradermal and subcutaneous injections in lymphatic mapping.	sentinel node biopsy (snb) for melanoma, with its intradermal (id) injection, has a higher success rate than snb for breast cancer, which is typically performed with a subcutaneous (sc) or peritumor injection. it is hypothesized that this is in part due to a slower transit time of lymphatic mapping agents through the parenchymal lymphatics of the breast. no study has investigated differences in transit time between different tissues to account for this clinical observation. the goal of the study ...	2001	11266281
the photophase light intensity does not affect the scotophase melatonin response in the domestic pig.	this study investigated the effects of the photophase light intensity on the scotophase melatonin response. twelve, 8-month-old crossbred gilts were allocated to three groups of four and housed in temperature- and lighting-controlled climate rooms. the rooms had a light intensity of 40, 200 or 10,000 lx and a light-dark cycle of 12 l:12 d. the gilts were allowed to acclimatize to a new lighting regimen for 1 week before being sampled at 2h intervals for 24h. following the sampling, pigs were tra ...	2001	11267808
percutaneous radiofrequency ablation therapy using a clustered electrode in the animal liver.	the aim of the present study was to examine the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation therapy using a needle with cluster radiofrequency electrodes in an animal model.	2001	11268956
reproductive seasonality in domestic sows kept outdoors without boars.	plasma progesterone, lh and prolactin concentrations were measured twice a week in mature sows kept outdoors without boars in two experiments to examine whether perception of daylength change underlies seasonal infertility in domestic pigs. in expt 1, melatonin implants inserted on 12 april or 22 may to block perception of the increasing daylength did not affect the oestrous cycle significantly, since only two untreated control sows became seasonally anoestrous. in expt 2, all control sows becam ...	2001	11277882
mechanical delivery of aerosolized gadolinium-dtpa for pulmonary ventilation assessment in mr imaging.	to evaluate a new technique with mechanical administration of aerosolized gadolinium (gd)-dtpa for mr visualization of lung ventilation.	2001	11283422
nonendoscopic placement and use of percutaneous gastrostomy tubes in pigs (sus scrofa domestica).	swine have supplanted dogs and other large animal species in many biomedical applications and have become the model of choice for numerous areas of research. anatomic, behavioral, and handling concerns often require pigs to be surgically instrumented for many procedures. oral dosing in pigs can be accomplished by feeding substances in a palatable substrate, temporarily placing an oral or nasal gastric tube, or permanent surgical placement of an esophagostomy or gastrostomy tube. oral and nasal g ...	2001	11300687
comparison of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate adhesive, fibrin glue, and suturing for wound closure in the porcine urinary tract.	to evaluate 2-octyl cyanoacrylate glue (ocg) for wound closure in the urinary tract and compare the ability of ocg, fibrin glue (fg), and suture to withstand physiologic and supraphysiologic stress, because the use of tissue adhesives such as ocg or fg might simplify laparoscopic surgery.	2001	11306419
functional effects of unilateral laser papillectomy in the pig.	to evaluate the use of endoscopic laser papillectomy in a multi-papillary animal model to unilaterally impair concentrating ability and increase the urinary flow rate.	2001	11306424
venereal transmission of pseudorabies viruses indigenous to feral swine.	between 1995 and 1998, we designed a series of studies in which we attempted to determine the main routes of transmission involved in the natural infection of pseudorabies virus (prv) indigenous to free-ranging feral swine (sus scrofa). naturally infected feral sows transmitted the infection to uninfected feral boars, with which they had been commingled for a 6-wk period. pseudorabies virus was isolated from boar preputial swabs, but not from nasal swabs. three of the same prv-infected feral sow ...	2001	11310879
[the structure of the skin of the ear in domesticated pigs, with special reference to their use for human dermatological research. 2. specific histology of the integument].	based on light microscopy, the study describes the specific histology of the ear integument of the white domesticated pig. after careful tissue fixation and embedding, routine histological staining, collagen fibre staining, fat demonstration based on frozen sections, and ink injection of the integumental blood vessel system were applied. a detailed description is presented of the structure of the skin layers (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis), the ear cartilage envelopes (fascia, perichondrium), th ...	2001	11314580
[the structure of the skin of the ear in domesticated pigs, with special reference to their use for human dermatological research. 1. macroscopic aspects and hair coat].	to begin with, the study describes macroscopically the typical pigmentation, form and surface sculpture of the external ear of the white domesticated pig. then the palpable stability and elasticity of the ear integument is analyzed, followed by a detailed and microscopically assisted description of the fine relief of the skin surface, the hair line, the hair density, the angle of hair follicle insertion, and the arrangement of hair follicles on both sides of the auricle. the results obtained are ...	2001	11314590
biphasic-flow induced ventilation allows simultaneous ventilation in several animals, using a single multiple output ventilator--a preliminary report.	biphasic-flow induced ventilation (bifiv) is a variable time-cycled tracheal gas insufflation mode, using a specific multiluminal endotracheal tube. some recent studies have reported efficiency of this new ventilatory mode in experimental in vitro and in vivo settings. we hypothesized that this ventilatory mode could be able to deliver simultaneous efficient ventilation for several animals, using a single ventilator prototype. the study was performed in three groups of three domestic pigs with a ...	2001	11314817
a comparison of the effects of sarin and succinylcholine on respiratory parameters in anesthetized domestic swine.	differences in the "respiratory paralysis" caused by sarin (gb) and succinylcholine (sdc) were observed in a domestic swine model using a bedside pulmonary dynamics monitor. gb was administered intravenously (9 micrograms/kg/30 min) and compared with sdc administered intravenously (20 mg/30 min). all animals developed respiratory insufficiency indicated by decreased respiratory frequency. minute ventilation was relatively maintained in animals that received gb by increasing tidal volume, whereas ...	2001	11315472
laparoscopic renal autotransplantation.	renal autotransplantation is an extensive open surgical operation consisting of two distinct procedures, live-donor nephrectomy and autotransplantation, and requiring two large skin incisions. herein, we analyze the feasibility of performing the entire procedure laparoscopically.	2001	11325083
us-guided nephrostomy with the aid of a magnetic field-based navigation device in the porcine pelvicaliceal system.	to assess the technique and feasibility of ultrasound (us)-guided nephrostomy performed with the aid of a magnetic field-based navigation device.	2001	11340143
renal parenchymal injury after standard and mini percutaneous nephrostolithotomy.	mini percutaneous nephrostolithotomy was developed for use in children and in adults with a reduced renal reserve to minimize the morbidity and renal parenchymal damage presumed to occur with traditional percutaneous nephrostolithotomy. we compared the extent of renal injury incurred by different sized nephrostomy tracts in female farm pigs undergoing 11 or 30fr percutaneous nephrostomy.	2001	11342957
laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass using the porcine model.	the laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass (lrygbp) may be performed using a variety of methods. the purpose of this study was to learn how to perform the roux-en-y gastric bypass operation laparoscopically, using a porcine model.	2001	11361168
time and dose-related ultraviolet b damage in viable pig skin explants held in a newly developed organ culture system.	for facilitating photochemical and toxicological studies an ex vivo skin model was developed in our laboratory using skin from domestic pigs. the model comprised the use of a complete skin piece, including the dermis and stratum corneum, of bigger areas to make future topical applications easier. fully differentiated skin explants (5 x 50 mm, thickness 5 mm) were irradiated with ultraviolet b (uvb; 1-10 kj/m2; 6 w/m2). directly thereafter they were brought in culture (dulbeccos modified eagles m ...	2001	11367571
increased ileal-mucosal-arterial pco2 gap is associated with impaired villus microcirculation in endotoxic pigs.	to investigate whether an increased ileal-mucosal-arterial pco2 gap (delta pco2) during hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia is associated with impaired villus microcirculation.	2001	11398705
evaluation of subcutaneous tissue gases and ph during induction of acidosis and alkalosis. an experimental study in pigs.	peripheral tissue oxygen utilization was studied during hypoxic-induced acidosis and sodium bicarbonate-induced alkalosis in 8 domestic pigs by measurements of subcutaneous oxygen tension (psco2), carbon dioxide tension (pscco2) and ph (ph(sc)) in relation to central hemodynamic parameters and oxygenation. hypoxic-induced acidosis resulted in a decrease in p(sc)o(2) [corrected] and arterial oxygen tension (p(a)o(2)) to one third of baseline values (p < 0.05), an increase in pscco2 and arterial c ...	2001	11399870
effects of alum and aluminum chloride on phosphorus runoff from swine manure.	phosphorus (p) runoff from fields fertilized with swine (sus scrofa domesticus) manure may contribute to eutrophication. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of aluminum sulfate (alum) and aluminum chloride applications to swine manure on p runoff from small plots cropped to tall fescue (festuca arundinacea shreb.). there were six treatments in this study: (i) unfertilized control plots, (ii) untreated manure, (iii) manure with alum at 215 mg al l(-1), (iv) manure with aluminum ...	2001	11401290
effects of electrical stimulation of the gasserian ganglion on regional cerebral blood flow after induced subarachnoid hemorrhage in pigs evaluated by 99mtc-hmpao-spect.	it could be demonstrated that cervical spinal cord stimulation increases cerebral blood flow. the effects of electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion in the acute phase of sah in pigs were investigated. the experiments were carried out on 11 domestic pigs divided in two groups (group i: sah [n = 5]; group ii: sah and trigeminal stimulation [n = 6]). in all animals a native spect was performed. the gasserian ganglion was exposed for inserting the stimulation electrode. sah was induced by ...	2001	11409313
parasitic infections among the aborigines in taiwan with special emphasis on taeniasis asiatica.	according to the results obtained by our laboratory and the department of parasitology, taipei medical college, from 1995 to 1998, the overall infection rate of enterobiasis was 16% (4-29%) among 4,426 primary school students at 64 schools in 13 mountainous districts of 10 counties, and the infection rate of head louse infestation was 12% (3-26%) among 5,121 students. a continuous series of field studies on epidemiology and chemotherapy of taeniasis asiatica have been conducted between 1971 and ...	2001	11411254
the pig as a host for schistosoma mekongi in laos.	a survey of helminths in domestic pigs was conducted in khong district, laos, to elucidate if these domestic animals could act as definitive hosts for schistosoma mekongi and to obtain a general overview of their helminthological infection status. fecal samples were collected from 98 pigs. twelve pigs (12.2%) were found to excrete s. mekongi eggs. infection was confirmed by detection of s. mekongi eggs in tissues of liver, rectum, and cecum of 2 pigs. a total of 75.8% of the pigs was infected wi ...	2001	11426741
a phylogenetic study of the origin of the domestic pig estimated from the near-complete mtdna genome.	the near-complete pig mtdna genome sequence (15,997 bp) was determined from two domestic pigs (one chinese meishan and one swedish landrace) and two european wild boars. the sequences were analyzed together with a previously published sequence representing a swedish domestic pig. the sequences formed three distinct clades, denoted a, e1, and e2, with considerable sequence divergence between them (0.8-1.2%). the results confirm our previous study (based on the sequence of the cytochrome b gene an ...	2001	11428467
anaesthetic management of baboons undergoing heterotopic porcine cardiac xenotransplantation.	a detailed anaesthetic technique for baboons (papio anubis) undergoing heterotopic abdominal cardiac xenotransplantation is described. twenty-two baboons served as transplant recipients. donors were either crossbred farm pigs (sus scrofa) (n = 4) or transgenic pigs (sus scroefa) (n = 18) expressing human complement regulatory proteins on the endothelium. intra-operative management was complicated by the physiological consequences of infrarenal. abdominal aortic cross-clamping, in addition to the ...	2001	11432427
online detection of myocardial ischemia by near infrared spectroscopy with a fiberoptic catheter.	the interruption of myocardial o2-supply in acute myocardial ischemia causes differences in coronary venous o2-content. in this study, the oxygenation status of coronary sinus blood is detected in myocardial ischemia by near infrared (nir) spectroscopy.	2001	11432475
pgf(2alpha)-induced nest building and choice behaviour in female domestic pigs.	the domestic pig, sus scrofa, builds a maternal nest in the day before parturition. a model for porcine nest building has been established, in which exogenously administered prostaglandin (pg)f(2alpha) is used to induce nesting behaviour in cyclic, pseudopregnant and pregnant pigs. this experiment was designed to examine the effect of pgf(2alpha) on the preferences of non-pregnant gilts for pens bedded with straw compared with bare pens. ten 6-month-old nulliparous female pigs (gilts) were teste ...	2001	11434961
laparoscopic radiofrequency thermal ablation of renal tissue with and without hilar occlusion.	few studies have evaluated the effect of radiofrequency thermal ablation on renal tissue, although it has been used clinically to treat small renal masses. we studied the size and histology of lesions created with radiofrequency thermal ablation administered via the laparoscopic approach with and without hilar occlusion in a porcine model.	2001	11435886
percutaneous cryoablation of porcine kidneys with magnetic resonance imaging monitoring.	we determined the feasibility of a percutaneous approach using magnetic resonance imaging (mri) for creating cryoablation lesions in the porcine kidney.	2001	11435888