Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| tiger stripes. | 2007 | 17456076 | |
| general practitioners' reasons for the failure of a randomized controlled trial (the tiger trial) to implement epilepsy guidelines in primary care. | to explore reasons for the failure of a randomized controlled trial to influence implementation of epilepsy guidelines in primary care, and to generate theory about likely contexts in which guidelines would lead to changes in clinician behavior. | 2007 | 17430403 |
| vasopressin-induced translocation and proteolysis of protein kinase calpha in an amphibian brain: modulation by corticosterone. | in urodele amphibians, the hypothalamic neuropeptide arginine vasotocin and the adrenal steroid corticosterone interact to regulate reproductive behavior by actions in the brain. the present study investigated signal transduction pathways underlying acute effects of vasotocin and corticosterone, presumably mediated via "non-genomic" steroid action, in an amphibian brain. we used western blot to examine the effects of corticosterone and the vasotocin receptor agonist arginine vasopressin, alone a ... | 2007 | 17196180 |
| dopaminergic modulation and rod contribution in the generation of oscillatory potentials in the tiger salamander retina. | the roles of rod and cone input and of dopamine in the generation of oscillatory potentials were studied in tiger salamander retina. under scotopic conditions, oscillations were elicited with a green, but not a red stimulus. with mesopic background illumination, both stimuli caused oscillations. addition of quinpirole to a mesopic retina eliminated oscillations while skf-38393 had no effect. similarly, addition of sulpiride to a light-adapted retina elicited oscillatory activity, but sch 22390 h ... | 2007 | 17184809 |
| unicorns or tiger woods: are lie detection experts myths or rarities? a response to on lie detection "wizards" by bond and uysal. | bond and uysal (this issue) complain that expert lie detectors identified by o'sullivan and ekman (2004) are statistical flukes. they ignore one class of experts we have identified and misrepresent the procedures we use to identify the others. they also question the psychometric validity of the measures and protocol used. many of their points are addressed in the chapter they criticize. the fruitfulness of the o'sullivan-ekman protocol is illustrated with respect to improved identification of ex ... | 2007 | 17221308 |
| 2006 tiger summit: evidence and informatics transforming nursing. | 2007 | 17215677 | |
| acoustic feature recognition in the dogbane tiger moth, cycnia tenera. | certain tiger moths (arctiidae) defend themselves against bats by phonoresponding to their echolocation calls with trains of ultrasonic clicks. the dogbane tiger moth, cycnia tenera, preferentially phonoresponds to the calls produced by attacking versus searching bats, suggesting that it either recognizes some acoustic feature of this phase of the bat's echolocation calls or that it simply reacts to their increased power as the bat closes. here, we used a habituation/generalization paradigm to d ... | 2007 | 17601952 |
| restoration of reproductive potential after expiration or removal of melengestrol acetate contraceptive implants in tigers (panthera tigris). | the need for contraception in the successful management of captive wild animals is becoming increasingly apparent. because concerns exist regarding the reversibility of the contraceptive implant melengestrol acetate (mga), reproductive data for 94 female amur (panthera tigris altaica) and sumatran tigers (panthera tigris sumatrae) were analyzed using survival analyses to evaluate return to reproductive status after implant removal or assumed expiration. females placed in potential breeding situa ... | 2007 | 19360580 |
| [collodion baby with neonatal signs of trichothiodystrophy misdiagnosed as netherton syndrome: reassessment of a previous diagnostic error]. | reassessment of a previously published case report allowed correction of a misdiagnosis: a neonatal aspect of collodion baby with pilar dystrophy is evocative of trichothiodystrophy and not netherton syndrome. other than this published erroneous case report, there have been no other publications concerning netherton syndrome mentioning this neonatal collodion baby status. it may be clearly stated that netherton syndrome never begins with collodion baby status. | 2007 | 17389849 |
| relaxation and susceptibility mri characteristics in hallervorden-spatz syndrome. | to evaluate the imaging characteristics of the brain with respect to relaxation and susceptibility in hallervorden-spatz syndrome (hss), a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder (also referred to as neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation). | 2007 | 17352378 |
| genomic organization and expression of cd8alpha and cd8beta genes in fugu takifugu rubripes. | we have cloned cdnas encoding the alpha and beta chains of cd8 from the tiger pufferfish (fugu), takifugu rubripes. the cdna sequences encode a putative leader peptide, extracellular immunoglobulin variable region-like domain, stalk region, transmembrane region, and cytoplasmic tail. a protein tyrosine kinase p56lck binding motif was not found in the putative fugu cd8alpha cytoplasmic tail. o-linked glycosylation sites were found in the stalk of both cd8 chains, suggesting possible stalk formati ... | 2007 | 17629710 |
| pantothenate-kinase associated neurodegeneration (pkan) "eye of the tiger" sign. | 2007 | 17162204 | |
| how necessary are the stripes of a tiger? diagnostic and characteristic features in an fmri study of word meaning. | this study contrasted two approaches to word meaning: the statistically determined role of high-contribution features like striped in the meaning of complex nouns like "tiger" typically used in studies of semantic memory, and the contribution of diagnostic features like parent's brother that play a critical role in the meaning of nominal kinds like "uncle." fmri monitored regional brain activity while participants read complex noun descriptions consisting of statistically high-contribution and l ... | 2007 | 17126368 |
| modulation of horizontal cell function by gaba(a) and gaba(c) receptors in dark- and light-adapted tiger salamander retina. | the physiological function of gaba transporters and gaba receptors in retinal horizontal cells (hcs) under dark-and light-adapted conditions were studied by whole-cell voltage clamp and intracellular recording techniques in retinal slices and whole-mounted isolated retinas of the larval tiger salamander. puff application of gaba in picrotoxin elicited a no-711 (a potent gaba transporter blocker)-sensitive inward current that did not exhibit a reversal potential in the physiological range, consis ... | 2007 | 10580732 |
| inheritance of trunk striping in the sumatran tiger barb, barbus tetrazona. | the sumatran tiger barb, barbus tetrazona, exhibits three truck (pelvic) striping phenotypes: complete, incomplete, and half banded. segregation patterns observed in the progeny from 12 different matings indicate that the inheritance of these phenotypes is controlled by two autosomal gene loci acting additively, with complete dominance at each locus. | 2007 | 4086793 |
| comparison of several types of enrichment for captive felids. | enrichment can increase the complexity of the captive environment and possibly enhance captive animals' well-being by stimulating active behaviors and reducing stereotypical behaviors commonly seen in zoo felids. in this study, three different enrichment items were added to outdoor enclosures of felids at the montgomery zoo to test their effects on activity levels and stereotypic pacing. bones, frozen fish, and spices (cinnamon, chili powder, and cumin) were presented over a 3-month period to si ... | 2007 | 19360587 |
| foxk1 splice variants show developmental stage-specific plasticity of expression with temperature in the tiger pufferfish. | foxk1 is a member of the highly conserved forkhead/winged helix (fox) family of transcription factors and it is known to play a key role in mammalian muscle development and myogenic stem cell function. the tiger pufferfish (takifugu rubripes) orthologue of mammalian foxk1 (tfoxk1) has seven exons and is located in a region of conserved synteny between pufferfish and mouse. tfoxk1 is expressed as three alternative transcripts: tfoxk1-alpha, tfoxk1-gamma and tfoxk1-delta. tfoxk1-alpha is the ortho ... | 2007 | 17873000 |
| prevalence of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) in wild shrimp penaeus monodon in the philippines. | prevalence of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) was determined using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methodology on dna extracted from the gills of wild black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon collected from 7 sampling sites in the philippines. these 7 sampling sites are the primary sources of spawners and broodstock for hatchery use. during the dry season, wssv was detected in shrimp from all sites except bohol, but during the wet season it was not detected in any site except palawan. none of the wss ... | 2007 | 18062468 |
| reappearance of aedes albopictus in sardinia. | aedes (stegomyia) albopictus is a vector of major human diseases. from 1979 established populations were found in the mediterranean region. the first record of ae. albopictus in italy goes back to 1990 and at present it is permanently established in several provinces of central and northern italy. ae. albopictus was detected for the first time in sardinia in 1995, and a new record was reported in 1997. after these two isolated episodes, the "tiger-mosquito" was considered apparently eradicated. ... | 2007 | 18412047 |
| oral eosinophilic granulomas in tigers (panthera tigris)--a collection of 16 cases. | oral eosinophilic granulomas were diagnosed in 16 tigers (panthera tigris). all lesions were located on the hard or soft palate and typically consisted of flat or slightly raised circular ulcers. histologic features of these lesions were essentially identical to those seen in oral eosinophilic granulomas of domestic cats and dogs. no clinical signs were noted in eight cases, though various degrees of inappetence, excessive salivation, and dysphagia were noted in the other eight tigers. six cases ... | 2007 | 17679515 |
| aedes albopictus in sardinia: reappearance or widespread colonization? | the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (skuse, 1894) was first discovered in the south of sardinia in october 1994, in a tyre depot not far from cagliari-elmas airport. insecticide treatment was thought to have successfully eradicated the mosquito, but in 1996 and 1997 new breeding sites were discovered, a few at some distance from the first. more recently two sites have been reported in the heart of the city of cagliari. it is not known whether the mosquito has spread from the first breeding ... | 2007 | 18416003 |
| retinal bipolar cells: temporal filtering of signals from cone photoreceptors. | the temporal dynamics of the response of neurons in the outer retina were investigated by intracellular recording from cones, bipolar, and horizontal cells in the intact, light-adapted retina of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum), with special emphasis on comparing the two major classes of bipolars cells, the on depolarizing bipolars (bd) and the off hyperpolarizing bipolars (bh). transfer functions were computed from impulse responses evoked by a brief light flash on a steady background ... | 2007 | 18093365 |
| cloning and expression analysis of heat shock cognate 70 gene promoter in tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon). | heat shock cognate 70 (hsc70) functions as a molecular chaperon and plays an important role in protein folding. hsc70 cdna of tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) was cloned and characterized in our previous study. after shrimps were treated with the 1-hr heat shock, the hsc70 mrna level in hemocytes increased (approximately 8 fold) using real-time quantitative pcr. an hsc70 clone was obtained from genomic library screening. the gene contains 2 exons separated by a 1557-bp intron. the 5'-flanking regi ... | 2007 | 17931801 |
| sustainability and local people's participation in coastal aquaculture: regional differences and historical experiences in sri lanka and the philippines. | this article discusses environmental sustainability in aquaculture and its contribution to poverty alleviation, based on field studies in sri lanka and the philippines. the aquaculture practices studied are the monoculture of the black tiger prawn (penneaus monodon) and milkfish (chanos chanos) and the polyculture of the two species together with the mud crab (scylla serrata). factors affecting economic viability, social equity and environmental impacts in aquaculture are discussed and used to i ... | 2007 | 17929084 |
| development of a cryopreservation protocol for long-term storage of black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) spermatophores. | the objectives of this study were to determine the effect of cryoprotectants on sperm viability and develop a freezing protocol for long-term storage of p. monodon spermatophores. spermatophores suspended for 30 min in calcium-free saline (ca-f saline) containing the cryoprotectants dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), ethylene glycol (eg), 1,2-propylene glycol (pg), formamide, and methanol at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, or 20% were studied using a modified eosin-nigrosin staining technique. the smallest ... | 2007 | 17900683 |
| patch testing of 11 common herbal topical medicaments in hong kong. | 11 common herbal topical medicaments in hong kong were selected for patch testing to study whether they could cause skin reactions under occlusive conditions. these included white flower oil, hung far oil, kwan loong medicated oil, tiger oil, jaminton oil, bee brand oil, tiger balm, au kah chuen skin lotions, mopiko ointment, oronineh ointment and mentholatum. the former 7 were traditional chinese herbal medicaments, the last one was made in usa and the remaining 2 were japanese products. 20 pat ... | 2007 | 2335084 |
| laboratory susceptibility of wyeomyia smithii (diptera: culicidae) to ascogregarina taiwanensis (apicomplexa: lecudinidae). | gregarines in the genus ascogregarina are not known to develop in sabethine mosquitoes, but we successfully infected larvae of wyeomyia smithii with ascogregarina taiwanensis in the laboratory. ascogregarina taiwanensis is a natural parasite of the exotic asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus. only 18% to 70% of the w. smithii larvae had visible trophozoites, with a range of 1-92 per larva. trophozoites persisted in the midgut for more than 37 d, and one adult female w. smithii had gametocysts ... | 2007 | 12425526 |
| evolutionary dynamics of autosomal-heterosomal rearrangements in a multiple-x chromosome system of tiger beetles (cicindelidae). | genetic systems involving multiple x chromosomes have arisen repeatedly in sexually reproducing animals. tiger beetles (cicindelidae) exhibit a phylogenetically ancient multiple-x system typically consisting of 2-4 x chromosomes and a single y. because recombination rates are suppressed in sex chromosomes, changes in their numbers and movement of genes between sex chromosomes and autosomes, could have important consequences for gene evolution and rates of speciation induced by these rearrangemen ... | 2007 | 17822542 |
| a survey of mosquitoes breeding in used tires in spain for the detection of imported potential vector species. | the used tire trade has facilitated the introduction, spread, and establishment of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, and other mosquito species in several countries of america, africa, oceania, and europe. a strategy for detecting these imported mosquito vectors was developed in spain during 2003-2004 by evitar (multidisciplinary network for the study of viruses transmitted by arthropods and rodents). a survey in 45 locations found no invasive species. eight autochthonous species of mo ... | 2007 | 17633420 |
| preliminary investigations of hydrogen peroxide treatment of selected ornamental fishes and efficacy against external bacteria and parasites in green swordtails. | the objectives of these preliminary studies were to evaluate the use of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) for the treatment of selected species of ornamental fishes and its efficacy in treating external bacteria and parasites. in the first part of the study, fish of five species (serpae tetra hyphessobrycon eques (also known as serpa tetra h. serpae), tiger barb puntius tetrazona, blue gourami trichogaster trichopterus, suckermouth catfish hypostomus plecostomus, and green swordtail xiphophorus hellerii) ... | 2007 | 18201053 |
| development of y chromosome intraspecific polymorphic markers in the felidae. | y chromosome haplotyping based on microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) has proved to be a powerful tool for population genetic studies of humans. however, the promise of the approach is hampered in the majority of nonhuman mammals by the lack of y-specific polymorphic markers. we were able to identify new male-specific polymorphisms in the domestic cat felis catus and 6 additional felidae species with a combination of molecular genetic and cytogenetic approaches including 1 ... | 2007 | 17646273 |
| [study on the histopathology of cats inoculated with h5n1 subtype high pathogenic avian influenza virus originated from tigers]. | in this study, the hpaiv a/tiger/harbin/01/2002 (h5n1) used was originated from tigers and propagated in spf embryonated hen eggs. tcid5, of the virus was 10(-7.36)/0. 05ml on mdck cell. the cats were inoculated through bronchus route and then, the cats of dead and control were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination. meanwhile, the emulsion supernatant fluid of organs and the pharyngeal swab samples of the dead cats were collected for rt-pcr, survived cats and the c ... | 2007 | 18092686 |
| cross-neutralisation of australian brown and tiger snake venoms with commercial antivenoms: cross-reactivity or antivenom mixtures? | recently it has been suggested that the australian snake antivenoms made by csl ltd. are in fact not truly monovalent and may contain antibodies to other snake venoms because the horses are injected with multiple snake venoms. it is unclear to what extent various monovalent antivenoms can neutralise the effect of other venoms, whether this is due to a mixture of antibodies or true cross-reactivity, and whether this has any clinical significance. we aimed to study the immunological and functional ... | 2007 | 17467763 |
| [vibrio vulnificus pollution of imported frozen black tiger shrimps in japan]. | the ariake sea area of japan is endemic for vibrio vulnificus infection. v vulnificus was isolated from slime from tidal flats, seawater, and fish sea year-round as we reported previously. to identify new routes and factors of v vulnificus infection, we studied v. vulnificus pollution of imported frozen black tiger shrimps purchased from a fish market in kurume, fukuoka, japan. v. vulnificus was isolated from 9 of 100 tails (9%) of philippines products, 3 of 100 tails (3%) of indonesia products, ... | 2007 | 18095471 |
| differential expression of immune-related genes and transposable elements in black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) exposed to a range of environmental stressors. | the health of aquatic species is dependent on interactions between the environment, pathogens and the host. under intensive shrimp aquaculture, environmental conditions can degrade, causing significant stress to the cultured organisms. to investigate the effect of environmental stress on shrimp hemocyte gene expression profiles, we applied suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) in juvenile penaeus monodon exposed to hyperthermal, hypoxic or hyposmotic conditions. random sequencing of 258 cl ... | 2007 | 17613247 |
| susceptibility of the endangered california tiger salamander, ambystoma californiense, to ranavirus infection. | emerging infectious diseases are implicated in the declines and extinctions of amphibians worldwide. ranaviruses in the family iridoviridae are a global concern and have caused amphibian die-offs in wild populations in north america, europe, south america, and in commercial populations in asia and south america. the movement of amphibians for bait, food, pets, and research provides a route for the introduction of ranaviruses into naive and potentially endangered species. in this report, we demon ... | 2007 | 17495315 |
| identification and characterization of a putative agglutination/immobilization antigen on the surface of cryptocaryon irritans. | the ciliated protozoan cryptocaryon irritans, a parasite of seawater fishes, was found to express an antigen that elicits antibodies in rabbits and tiger puffer (takifugu ruburipes). serum from rabbits and fish immunized with theronts had agglutination/immobilization activity against theronts in vitro; fish serum antibody levels (measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays: elisa) correlated with this activity. anti-theront antibody levels in fish were significantly higher in the immunized gr ... | 2007 | 17445323 |
| characterization of a shrimp serine protease homolog, a binding protein of yellow head virus. | a serine protease homolog (sph) cdna namely sph516 was identified via a yeast two-hybrid screen between yellow head virus (yhv) proteins and hemocyte proteins of the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. initially, the c-terminal region of sph516 (sph516-c) was found to interact with a putative metal ion-binding domain (mib) encoded by open-reading of frame orf1b of the yhv genome. subsequently, the full-length of sph516 cdna was obtained using 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends (5' race) and it ... | 2007 | 17451807 |
| immobilization antibodies of tiger puffer takifugu rubripes induced by i.p. injection against monogenean heterobothrium okamotoi oncomiracidia do not prevent the infection. | we examined whether infection by the monogenean heterobothrium okamotoi induces production of specific antibodies against oncomiracidia and their cilia, larvae on the gills, and adults on the branchial cavity wall of tiger puffer takifugu rubripes. we also investigated whether specific antibody production participates in acquired protection against h. okamotoi. sera from persistently infected fish immobilized h. okamotoi oncomiracidia 89 days after exposure and antibody levels (measured by enzym ... | 2007 | 17234044 |
| attempted treatment of tigers (panthera tigris) infected with microsporum canis. | an outbreak of dermatophytosis caused by microsporum canis occurred in tigers (panthera tigris) at an exotic felid sanctuary in 2003. in an attempt to find an effective, practical, safe, and affordable method for controlling this epizootic, a clinical treatment trial was conducted. nonalopecic tigers were studied to address the inapparent carrier state observed at the facility. the efficacy of three topical and environmental treatment combinations of a 2% lime sulfur solution and a peroxide-base ... | 2007 | 17679509 |
| allergenicity and allergens of amphipods found in nori (dried laver). | gammaridean and caprellid amphipods, crustaceans of the order amphipoda, inhabit laver culture platforms and, hence, are occasionally found in nori (dried laver) sheets. amphipods mixed in nori may cause allergic reactions in sensitized patients, as is the case with other crustaceans, such as shrimp and crab, members of the order decapoda. in this study, dried samples of amphipods (unidentified) found in nori and fresh samples of gammaridean amphipod (gammarus sp., not accurately identified) and ... | 2007 | 17691004 |
| patterns of species discovery in the western ghats, a megadiversity hot spot in india. | even since linnaeus,naturalists and taxonomists have been systematically describing species new to science. besides indicating gaps in taxonomic effort, understanding the temporal patterns of species discovery could help in identifying drivers that determine discovery. in this study we report the patterns of discovery of eight taxa--birds, butterflies, frogs, tiger beetles, grasses, asters, ferns and orchids--in the western ghats, a megadiversity centre in india. our results indicate that the di ... | 2007 | 17762152 |
| pyelonephritis associated with staphylococcus intermedius in a siberian tiger (panthera tigris altaica). | pyelonephritis, in which staphylococcus intermedius was isolated, was diagnosed in a 4-year-old female siberian tiger (panthera tigris altaica). at necropsy, the renal pelvis was dilated with a large amount of purulent exudates. microscopically, the lesions of renal pelvis and medulla consisted of necrotic foci intermingled primarily with numerous degenerative neutrophils and a few lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. bacteriology showed the presence of s. intermedius. this is the first re ... | 2007 | 17827895 |
| pentobarbital poisoning in sumatran tigers (panthera tigris sumatrae). | three sumatran tigers (panthera tigris sumatrae) at the heidelberg zoo in germany presented with severe neurologic signs. physical examination and diagnostic tests did not reveal a definitive diagnosis. two days after initial presenting signs, all of the animals appeared clinically normal. an investigation into this outbreak revealed that all animals received horse meat on the evening before the incident. a toxicologic examination was initiated and serum analysis of the affected female tiger cub ... | 2007 | 18229865 |
| carnivore repatriation and holarctic prey: narrowing the deficit in ecological effectiveness. | the continuing global decline of large carnivores has catalyzed great interest in reintroduction to restore populations and to reestablish ecologically functional relationships. i used variation in the distribution of four holarctic prey species and their behavior as proxies to investigate the pace and intensity by which responses are lost or reinvigorated by carnivore repatriation. by simulating the presence of wolves (canis lupus), tigers (panthera tigris), and brown bears (ursus arctos) at 19 ... | 2007 | 17650259 |
| changes in integument histology and protein expression related to the molting cycle of the black tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. | we investigated changes in the histology and protein expression in the epidermis and sub-epidermis of the black tiger shrimp (penaeus monondon) during the molting cycle. the epidermis consists of a cell layer located beneath the cuticle, while the sub-epidermis is mainly composed of sub-epidermal cells and tegumental glands. during the molting cycle, the epidermal cells increase in cell height and number, and the sub-epidermis increases in its storage of carbohydrate, protein, mucus, and other u ... | 2007 | 17601758 |
| detection of laem-singh virus (lsnv) in cultured penaeus monodon from india. | viral diseases have become a major constraint on the growth of shrimp aquaculture in india. during a study of new diseases in cultured tiger shrimp penaeus monodon, diseased samples randomly collected from the southwestern and southeastern coasts of india were analyzed for white spot syndrome virus (wssv), monodon baculovirus (mbv), and hepatopancreatic parvovirus (hpv) by nested pcr, and for laem-singh virus (lsnv) by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr). of the 56 samples analyzed, 3 were positi ... | 2007 | 17933400 |
| expressed sequence tag analysis for identification and characterization of sex-related genes in the giant tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | sex-related genes expressed in vitellogenic ovaries of the giant tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon, were identified by an est approach. a total of 1051 clones were unidirectionally sequenced from the 5 terminus. nucleotide sequences of 743 est (70.7%) significantly matched known genes previously deposited in the genbank (e-value <10(-4)) whereas 308 ests (29.3%) were regarded as newly unidentified transcripts (e-value >10(-4)). a total of 559 transcripts (87 contigs and 472 singletons) were obtained ... | 2007 | 17669265 |
| aeromonas hydrophila wound infection following a tiger bite in nepal. | aeromonas hydrophila is a rare human pathogen. reports of zoonotic infection developing after large feline bites are even rarer. we are documenting the first case of human wound infection with a. hydrophila following a tiger bite. the patient responded well following wound debridement, secondary suturing and combination antibiotic therapy. | 2007 | 18041304 |
| transmission dynamics of the amphibian ranavirus ambystoma tigrinum virus. | transmission is central to pathogen fitness and strongly influences the impact of pathogens on host populations. particularly important to transmission dynamics is the distinction between direct transmission requiring close physical contact (e.g. bumping, fighting, or coughing) and indirect transmission from environmental sources such as contaminated substrates. we present data from 4 experiments addressing the form, routes, and timing of transmission of ambystoma tigrinum virus (atv) among tige ... | 2007 | 17972749 |
| photobacterium damselae ssp. damselae associated with diseased black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon fabricius in india. | to characterize and identify photobacterium damselae ssp. damselae present in black gill diseased penaeus monodon collected from east coast of india. | 2007 | 17594465 |
| the genetic effective and adult census size of an australian population of tiger prawns (penaeus esculentus). | this study compares estimates of the census size of the spawning population with genetic estimates of effective current and long-term population size for an abundant and commercially important marine invertebrate, the brown tiger prawn (penaeus esculentus). our aim was to focus on the relationship between genetic effective and census size that may provide a source of information for viability analyses of naturally occurring populations. samples were taken in 2001, 2002 and 2003 from a population ... | 2007 | 17181726 |
| a transglutaminase from chinese shrimp (fenneropenaeus chinensis), full-length cdna cloning, tissue localization and expression profile after challenge. | transglutaminase can catalyze the cross-linking reaction between soluble clotting protein molecules from the plasma for prevention of excess blood loss from a wound and obstructing micro-organisms from invading the wound in crustaceans. a novel transglutaminase (fctg) gene was cloned from hemocytes of chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) pcr. the full-length cdna consists of 2972bp, encoding 757 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass ... | 2007 | 17218114 |
| highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus in cats and other carnivores. | the asian lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) h5n1 virus is a known pathogen of birds. only recently, the virus has been reported to cause sporadic fatal disease in carnivores, and its zoonotic potential has been dominating the popular media. attention to felids was drawn by two outbreaks with high mortality in tigers, leopards and other exotic felids in thailand. subsequently, domestic cats were found naturally infected and experimentally susceptible to h5n1 virus. a high susceptib ... | 2007 | 17250978 |
| stress-induced gene expression profiling in the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | cultured shrimp are continuously exposed to variable environmental conditions that have been associated with stress and subsequent outbreaks of disease. to investigate the effect of environmental stress on penaeus monodon gene expression, a 3,853 random cdna microarray chip was generated with clones originating from six stress-enriched hemocyte libraries generated by suppression subtractive hybridization and a normal hemocyte cdna library. changes in temporal gene expression were analyzed from s ... | 2007 | 17566080 |
| purification and identification of a glycoprotein that induces the attachment of oncomiracidia of neobenedenia girellae (monogenea, capsalidae). | neobenedenia girellae, a monogenean skin parasite, shows low host specificity. n. girellae is an important pathogen in marine cultured fish such as yellowtail and amberjack. an effective control method is required but none has yet been established. to clarify the mechanisms of host specificity, we purified and identified the attachment-inducing substances of oncomiracidia from tiger puffer fish. the attachment-inducing substances were mainly included in skin mucous extract. skin mucous extract l ... | 2007 | 17582417 |
| molecular cloning of tropomyosins identified as allergens in six species of crustaceans. | although tropomyosin is known to be a major allergen of crustaceans, its structural information is limited to only five species. in this study, tropomyosin was confirmed to be a major allergen in six species of crustaceans (black tiger prawn, kuruma prawn, pink shrimp, king crab, snow crab, and horsehair crab) by immunoblotting. then, the amino acid sequences of tropomyosins from these crustaceans were elucidated by a cdna cloning technique. sequence data for crustacean tropomyosins including th ... | 2007 | 17263503 |
| interspecific scaling of the morphology and posture of the limbs during the locomotion of cats (felidae). | for phylogenetically diverse mammals, ranging from small rodents to large ungulates, the generalization that limb erectness increases with increased size is supported by some size-dependent scaling relationships of appendicular skeletal anatomy as well as a limited number of direct observations of limb posture during locomotion. if size alone is the causal basis for different limb posture, then the erectness of limbs should increase significantly with increased size within a phylogenetically nar ... | 2007 | 17267650 |
| profiles of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the japanese flounder as revealed by a newly developed time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry. | profiles of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-msh) in the japanese flounder were examined by a newly developed time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (tr-fia) and immunohistochemistry. a tr-fia for alpha-msh was newly developed, and its levels in the pituitary gland and plasma of japanese flounder reared in a white or black tank for 5 months were compared. a competitive assay using two antibodies was performed among secondary antibodies in the solid phase, alpha-msh antibodies, samples, and e ... | 2007 | 17286977 |
| changes in tissue defence system in white spot syndrome virus (wssv) infected penaeus monodon. | the present study examined the changes occurring in the pro phenoloxidase system and antioxidant defence status in haemolymph, hepatopancreas and muscle tissue of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) infected penaeus monodon. tiger shrimps (p. monodon) were infected with white spot virus by intramuscular injection of the virus inoculum. levels of lipid peroxides and the activities of phenoloxidase, glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzymes [glutathione peroxidase (gpx), glutathione-s-transferase (gs ... | 2007 | 17287147 |
| differential regulation of multiple alternatively spliced transcripts of myod. | splice variants of the basic helix-loop-helix myoblast determination factor (myod) have not been previously found in vertebrates. here we report the identification and characterization of three alternative transcripts of a myod paralogue from the tiger pufferfish (takifugu rubripes). the t. rubripes myod1 gene (tmyod1) has 3 exons and 2 introns and it is present on scaffold 104, in a region of conserved synteny with zebrafish. the isoform tmyod1-alpha is a putative protein of 281 residues that c ... | 2007 | 17292566 |
| systemic calicivirus epidemic in captive exotic felids. | a 5-day-old, mother-raised, amur tiger cub (panthera tigris altaica) presented with tongue ulcerations. identical lesions appeared and progressed to sloughing of the tongue in the three littermates of this cub the following day. the lesions progressed in all cubs to include sloughing of the carpal, tarsal, metacarpal, and metatarsal foot pad epithelium. oral ulcerations were also noted in adult african lions (panthera leo) and amur tigers (panthera tigris altaica), but not in two adult snow leop ... | 2007 | 17679514 |
| adenosine inhibits voltage-dependent ca2+ influx in cone photoreceptor terminals of the tiger salamander retina. | endogenous adenosine has already been shown to inhibit transmitter release from the rod synapse by suppressing ca(2+) influx through voltage-gated ca(2+) channels. however, it is not clear how adenosine modulates the cone synapse. cone photoreceptors, like rod photoreceptors, also possess l-type ca(2+) channels that regulate the release of l-glutamate. to assess the impact of adenosine on ca(2+) influx though voltage-gated ca(2+) channels in cone terminals, whole-cell perforated-patch clamp reco ... | 2007 | 17304584 |
| cloning, purification, and nucleotide-binding traits of the catalytic subunit a of the v1vo atpase from aedes albopictus. | the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is commonly infected by the gregarine parasite ascogregarina taiwanensis, which develops extracellularly in the midgut of infected larvae. the intracellular trophozoites are usually confined within a parasitophorous vacuole, whose acidification is generated and controlled by the v(1)v(o) atpase. this proton pump is driven by atp hydrolysis, catalyzed inside the major subunit a. the subunit a encoding gene of the aedes albopictus v(1)v(o) atpase was clo ... | 2007 | 17321148 |
| comparative analysis of barnacle tropomyosin: divergence from decapod tropomyosins and role as a potential allergen. | tropomyosin, a myofibrillar protein of 35-38 kda, represents a major and cross-reactive allergen in decapod crustaceans. this study was initiated to clarify whether decapod-allergic patients also recognize tropomyosins of barnacles, crustaceans phylogenetically remote from decapods, which are locally consumed as a delicacy. on sds-page, a 37 kda protein was observed in all the heated extracts prepared from two species of decapods (american lobster homarus americanus and black tiger prawn penaeus ... | 2007 | 17321773 |
| short communication: first record of aedes albopictus in gabon, central africa. | the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus is an important arbovirus vector. originating in east asia, the species has been introduced to the americas, the indo-pacific and australasian regions as well as europe and africa, mostly during the past 30 years and probably by transportation in used tires. we report ae. albopictus for the first time from gabon (libreville). in addition, the yellow fever mosquito ae. aegypti ssp. formosus and 16 other culicid species were detected throughout the city, f ... | 2007 | 17714432 |
| tolerance to white spot syndrome virus (wssv) in the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii is associated with low vp28 envelope protein expression. | the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii was experimentally infected with white spot syndrome virus (wssv) by intramuscular injection. infection was confirmed by positive, single-step, wssv polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays targeting the vp28 gene from day 2 up to day 90 post injection (p.i.). although no mortality of wssv-infected prawns was observed, bioassays with the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon using hemolymph from day 90 pcr-positive prawns resulted in white spot disease ( ... | 2007 | 17330738 |
| measurement of thyroid hormones (thyroxine, t4; triiodothyronine, t3) in captive nondomestic felids. | the aim of this research was to obtain basic values for the evaluation of thyroid function in nondomestic felids. serum thyroid hormone concentrations (thyroxine, t4; triiodothyronine, t3) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 145 cats, representing nine species of captive nondomestic felids: jaguar (panthera onca), n = 49; puma (puma concolor), n = 10; ocelot (leopardus pardalis), n = 22; oncilla (leopardus tigrinus), n = 12; geoffroy (oncifelis geoffroyi), n = 4; jaguarundi (herpailurus yaguaro ... | 2007 | 17469287 |
| hepatopancreatic nuclease of black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon unlikely to be involved in viral triggered apoptosis. | nucleases are phosphodiesterases that hydrolyze dna and/or rna. in a search for shrimp nucleases involved in apoptosis, we discovered a nuclease from hepatopancreatic cdna of the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. the full-length nuclease gene was amplified and revealed to contain 1668bp corresponding to 381 deduced amino acid residues in the mature enzyme. sequence analysis indicated 83% nucleic acid identity and 89% amino acid identity to a nuclease from the kuruma shrimp penaeus japonicus (a ... | 2007 | 17049271 |
| h5n1 oseltamivir-resistance detection by real-time pcr using two high sensitivity labeled taqman probes. | a single amino acid substitution, from histidine to tyrosine at position 274 of the neuraminidase gene has converted oseltamivir sensitive h5n1 influenza a virus into a resistant strain. currently, oseltamivir is being stockpiled in many countries potentially affected by the influenza a virus subtype h5n1 epidemic. to identify this change in oseltamivir-treated patients, a method based on real-time pcr using two labeled taqman probes was developed for its rapid detection. in order to validate th ... | 2007 | 17055070 |
| surveillance activities and molecular analysis of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from thailand, 2004-2005. | avian influenza (ai) outbreaks were first reported in thailand in january 2004. in the past 2 yr, ai viruses have caused three epidemic waves. disease prevention and control in all aspects have been actively carried out. active and passive surveillance based on clinical observation and laboratory analysis were intensively conducted, as well as monitoring of genetic variation of the viruses. h5n1 viruses isolated from different avian species from different cases and locations were selected. we ha ... | 2007 | 17494553 |
| cell cycle analysis and interspecies nuclear transfer of in vitro cultured skin fibroblasts of the siberian tiger (panthera tigris altaica). | the present study was conducted to examine the effect of cell culture conditions, antioxidants, protease inhibitors (pi), and different levels of dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) for the promotion of synchronization of different cell cycles of siberian tiger skin fibroblasts. we also compared the ability of somatic cell nuclei of the siberian tiger in pig cytoplasts and to support early development after reconstruction. cell cycle synchronization between nuclear donor and recipient cells is considered t ... | 2007 | 17075834 |
| captive tiger attack: case report and review of the literature. | tigers, as well as other large predators, are being held in private settings with increasing frequency. unregulated private "zoos" are cropping up in many rural and suburban settings across the country. the number of attacks from captive predators also is on the rise. this case highlights the potentially violent and aggressive nature of wild animals held in captivity. treatment principals and wounding patterns of large cat attacks are emphasized. | 2007 | 17521011 |
| phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of planctomycetes from anaerobic, sulfide- and sulfur-rich zodletone spring, oklahoma. | we investigated the phylogenetic diversity and metabolic capabilities of members of the phylum planctomycetes in the anaerobic, sulfide-saturated sediments of a mesophilic spring (zodletone spring) in southwestern oklahoma. culture-independent analyses of 16s rrna gene sequences generated using planctomycetes-biased primer pairs suggested that an extremely diverse community of planctomycetes is present at the spring. although sequences that are phylogenetically affiliated with cultured heterotro ... | 2007 | 17545322 |
| osmo and ionic regulation of black tiger prawn (penaeus monodon fabricius 1798) juveniles exposed to k(+) deficient inland saline water at different salinities. | an 11-day trial was conducted to investigate the osmoregulatory capacity (oc) and regulation of k(+), na(+), ca(2+) and mg(2+) of penaeus monodon juveniles when exposed to k(+) deficient inland saline water (isw) of four different salinities (5, 15, 25 and 35 ppt). the survival of juveniles showed a positive linear relationship (r(2) ranging from 0.72 to 0.98) with salinity. at the end of the trial, juveniles were able to survive only in 5 ppt of isw and showed no changes in oc when transferred ... | 2007 | 17129740 |
| phylogenetic concordance analysis shows an emerging pathogen is novel and endemic. | distinguishing whether pathogens are novel or endemic is critical for controlling emerging infectious diseases, an increasing threat to wildlife and human health. to test the endemic vs. novel pathogen hypothesis, we present a unique analysis of intraspecific host-pathogen phylogenetic concordance of tiger salamanders and an emerging ranavirus throughout western north america. there is significant non-concordance of host and virus gene trees, suggesting pathogen novelty. however, non-concordance ... | 2007 | 17850337 |
| characterization and tissue expression of apoptosis-related alg-2 interacting protein alix/aip1 from the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | 2007 | 17383199 | |
| tissue-specific expression and regulation of the haemolymph clottable protein of tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon). | the clottable protein (cp) involved in penaeus monodon haemolymph coagulation has previously been characterized and cloned. polyclonal antibodies against purified cp were also prepared from rabbit serum. by western blot analyses, we showed occurrence of cp in the shrimp central nervous system, gill, and lymphoid organ. results of rt-pcr further indicated that the central nervous system, gill, and lymphoid organ transcribed more cp, heart and hepatopancreas transcribed less, while the haemocytes ... | 2007 | 17442588 |
| molecular cloning and expression of a toll receptor in the giant tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. | invertebrates rely completely for their protection against pathogens on the innate immune system. this non-self-recognition is activated by microbial cell wall components with unique conserved molecular patterns. pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) are recognised by pattern recognition receptors (prrs). toll and its mammalian homologs toll-like receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as prrs and involved in the signalling pathway implicated in their immune response. here we descri ... | 2007 | 17470397 |
| expression of immune-related genes in larval stages of the giant tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. | shrimp undergo several morphologically different stages during development and therefore the expression of some immune-related genes such as prophenoloxidase (propo), peroxinectin (prx), crustin (crus), penaeidin (pen), transglutaminase (tgase), haemocyanin (hc) and astakine (ak) were determined during larval development of the shrimp (penaeus monodon), i.e. nauplius 4 (n4), protozoea 1 and 3 (z1 and 3), mysis 3 (my 3), post-larvae 3 (pl3) and also in haemocytes of juveniles. semi-quantitative r ... | 2007 | 17490892 |
| coprology of panthera tigris altaica and felis bengalensis euptilurus from the russian far east. | fecal samples from the siberian tiger (panthera tigris altaica) and the amur cat (felis bengalensis euptilurus) from far eastern russia, were examined for parasites. a natural sedimentation methodology was used and a complete examination of all the sediment was performed. this fecal investigation allowed us to isolate and identify several developmental stages of gastrointestinal, hepatic, and respiratory parasites. five parasites were found from p. t. altaica: 11 trematodes (platynosomum fastosu ... | 2007 | 17918383 |
| characterization of cauxin in the urine of domestic and big cats. | cauxin is an abundant protein in feline urine. we have used proteomics strategies to characterize cauxin from the urine of domestic cats and a number of big cat species. proteins were resolved by gel-based electrophoretic purification and subjected to in-gel digestion with trypsin. the resultant tryptic peptides were mass-measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. peptides were also resolved by liquid chromatography and analyzed by electrospray ioni ... | 2007 | 17924168 |
| environmental effects on the behavior of zoo-housed lions and tigers, with a case study of the effects of a visual barrier on pacing. | tigers and lions in the wild are nocturnal nonhuman animals who may hunt and mate opportunistically during daylight hours. in captivity, they spend most time on exhibit sleeping or pacing. to better understand their activity budget, this study examined the daily behavior patterns of 2 sumatran tigers and 3 african lions in different housings. the proportion of scans the large felids spent engaged in stereotypic pacing varied by time of day and environment. the tigers spent different amounts of t ... | 2007 | 17559318 |
| cloning and characterization of a caspase gene from black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon)-infected with white spot syndrome virus (wssv). | a black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) caspase cdna homologue (pmcasp) has been identified from a hemocyte library using a previously identified caspase homologue from the banana shrimp (penaeus merguiensis) as a probe. the full-length pmcasp was 1202bp with a 954bp open reading frame, encoding 317 amino acids. the deduced protein contained a potential active site (qacrg pentapeptide) conserved in most caspases. it had 83% identity with caspase of p. merguiensis and 30% identity with drice prote ... | 2007 | 17617486 |
| cloning and characterisation of a prophenoloxidase from the haemocytes of mud crab scylla serrata. | a prophenoloxidase (propo) cdna was cloned from the haemocytes of mud crab scylla serrata using oligonucleotide primers and rt-pcr. both 3'- and 5'-regions were isolated by rapid amplification of cdna end (race) method. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the cdna clone has a full length of 2663bp, with an open reading frame of 2019bp, a 124-bp 5'-untranslated region, and a 520-bp 3'-untranslated region containing a poly a signal. it encodes a protein of 673 amino acids with a pred ... | 2007 | 16806468 |
| expression and characterisation of tiger shrimp penaeus monodon penaeidin (mo-penaeidin) in various tissues, during early embryonic development and moulting stages. | a penaeidin family, mo-penaeidin was cloned from the haemocytes of tiger shrimp penaeus monodon using genomic polymerase chain reaction (pcr) by gene specific primers. analysis of nucleotide sequence revealed that this mo-penaeidin consists of 1348 bp containing one intron (680 bp) and two exons (210 and 458 bp). it has an open reading frame (orf) of 222 p, which encodes a protein of 74 amino acids including a signal peptide of 19 amino acids. the calculated molecular mass of the mature protein ... | 2007 | 16820207 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and expression of a masquerade-like serine proteinase homologue from black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | a full-length cdna of a masquerade-like serine proteinase homologue (pmmassph) of penaeus monodon was cloned and characterized by rapid amplification cdna end (race) method. the complete cdna sequence of 1958bp contains an open reading frame (orf) of 1572bp, encoding a 523 amino acid protein including a 19 amino acid signal peptide. the calculated molecular mass of the mature protein (504 amino acids) is 51.58kda with an estimated pi of 4.86. pmmassph has most of the structural characteristics o ... | 2007 | 17174571 |
| dopamine depresses immunity in the tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | the total haemocyte count (thc), differential haemocyte count (dhc), phenoloxidase activity, respiratory bursts (release of superoxide anion), superoxide dismutase activity, phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to the pathogen photobacterium damsela were measured when tiger shrimp penaeus monodon (13.5+/-1.5 g) were individually injected with saline or dopamine at 10(-8), 10(-7), or 10(-6)mol shrimp(-1). results showed that a transient period of immunosuppression occurred between 2 and 8 ... | 2007 | 17210259 |
| characterization of two paralogous muscleblind-like genes from the tiger pufferfish (takifugu rubripes). | muscleblind-like (mbnl) proteins are required for terminal muscle differentiation in mammals. in this study we have identified two mbnl paralogues from the tiger pufferfish, tmbnl2a and tmbnl3, which are the first examples of non-mammalian mbnl genes. tmbnl2a and tmbnl3 were found in regions of conserved synteny and had a high degree of global conservation with their mammalian homologues. phylogenetic analysis showed that the t. rubripes genome contains one mbnl3 gene and two copies of mbnl1 and ... | 2007 | 17157048 |
| involvement of host recognition by oncomiracidia and post-larval survivability in the host specificity of heterobothrium okamotoi (monogenea: diclidophoridae). | heterobothrium okamotoi, a monogenean gill parasite, shows high host specificity for tiger puffer, takifugu rubripes. in the present study, in vivo and in vitro experimental infections were conducted using various fish species, including t. rubripes, to understand the mechanisms of specificity. in in vivo experiments, t. rubripes, grass puffer, takifugu niphobles, olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus, and red sea bream, pagrus major, were exposed to oncomiracidia of h. okamotoi labelled with a ... | 2007 | 17055510 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a cyclin b gene on the ovarian maturation stage of black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon). | the techniques of homology cloning and anchored pcr were used to clone the cyclin b gene from black tiger shrimp. the full length cdna of black tiger shrimp cyclin b (btscyclin b) contained a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 102 bp, an orf of 1,206 bp encoding a polypeptide of 401 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 45 kda and a 3' utr of 396 bp. the searches for protein sequence similarities with blast analysis indicated that the deduced amino acid sequence of btscyclin b was homolog ... | 2007 | 17245552 |
| high expression of a novel leucine-rich repeat protein in hemocytes and the lymphoid organ of the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | a novel leucine-rich repeat (lrr) cdna has been cloned from hemocytes of the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon by 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends. the full-length of p. monodon lrr (pmlrr) consisted of 2604 bp with a 1686-bp open reading frame, encoding 561 amino acids. the deduced protein contained a high proportion of leucine residues (17%) and had significant homology to lrr-containing proteins from bacteria to humans. sixteen tandem lrr motifs of 23-24 amino acids in length occurred in ... | 2007 | 16926101 |
| dna vaccines encoding viral envelope proteins confer protective immunity against wssv in black tiger shrimp. | white spot syndrome virus (wssv) is a major cause of mortality in shrimp and poses a huge threat to aquaculture industry. till now no comprehensive or individual strategy has been established to combat white spot disease. previous efforts by other investigators have given insight of protein vaccination and its efficacy to protect shrimp against wssv infection. in this study, we have explored the protective efficacy of dna vaccination and tissue distribution of the immunised recombinant plasmid i ... | 2007 | 17267079 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of a proteinase inhibitor, alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha2-m) from the haemocytes of tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | an alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha2-m) gene was cloned from the haemocytes of tiger shrimp penaeus monodon by rt-pcr, cloning and sequencing of overlapping pcr and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the alpha2-m cdna consists of 4876 bp with an open reading frame (orf) of 4494 bp, a 52 bp 5'-untranslated region, and a 327 bp 3'-untranslated region containing a poly a signal. the open reading frame encodes a protein of 1498 amino acids w ... | 2007 | 16982096 |
| spread of the tiger: global risk of invasion by the mosquito aedes albopictus. | aedes albopictus, commonly known as the asian tiger mosquito, is currently the most invasive mosquito in the world. it is of medical importance due to its aggressive daytime human-biting behavior and ability to vector many viruses, including dengue, lacrosse, and west nile. invasions into new areas of its potential range are often initiated through the transportation of eggs via the international trade in used tires. we use a genetic algorithm, genetic algorithm for rule set production (garp), t ... | 2007 | 17417960 |
| an insight into the sialome of the adult female mosquito aedes albopictus. | to gain insight into the molecular repertoire of the adult female salivary glands of the tiger mosquito aedes albopictus, we performed transcriptome and proteome analysis. cdna clones were sequenced and assembled in clusters of related sequences and the corresponding genes assigned to one of three categories: housekeeping (h; 31%), secreted (s; 34%), or unknown (u; 35%) function. among the putative secreted factors are proteins known to be widely distributed in the saliva of blood-sucking dipter ... | 2007 | 17244540 |
| hybrid vigor between native and introduced salamanders raises new challenges for conservation. | hybridization between differentiated lineages can have many different consequences depending on fitness variation among hybrid offspring. when introduced organisms hybridize with natives, the ensuing evolutionary dynamics may substantially complicate conservation decisions. understanding the fitness consequences of hybridization is an important first step in predicting its evolutionary outcome and conservation impact. here, we measured natural selection caused by differential viability of hybrid ... | 2007 | 17884982 |
| iteroparity in the variable environment of the salamander ambystoma tigrinum. | simultaneous estimation of survival, reproduction, and movement is essential to understanding how species maximize lifetime reproduction in environments that vary across space and time. we conducted a four-year, capture-recapture study of three populations of eastern tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum) and used multistate mark-recapture statistical methods to estimate the manner in which movement, survival, and breeding probabilities vary under different environmental conditions acro ... | 2007 | 17536706 |
| amphibian survival, growth and development in response to mineral nitrogen exposure and predator cues in the field: an experimental approach. | mineral nitrogen (n) has been suggested as a potential factor causing declines in amphibian populations, especially in agricultural landscapes; however, there is a question as to whether it remains in the water column long enough to be toxic. we explored the hypothesis that mineral n can cause both lethal and sublethal toxic effects in amphibian embryos and larvae in a manipulative field experiment. we sampled 12 ponds, fertilizing half with ammonium nitrate fertilizer early in the spring, and m ... | 2007 | 17351792 |
| genetic relationships among wild felidae in thailand using aflp markers. | the cytogenetics of eight felidae species in thailand were investigated by the colchicines-hypotonic fixation-air drying technique followed by a conventional technique. all species studied have an identical number of 38 diploid chromosomes, indicating a close genetic relationship among species. at a deep study level, the genetic relationships of eight felidae species were accessed by the aflp method. blood samples were collected from sources locating in their original regions for dna extraction. ... | 2007 | 19070075 |