Publications

disk diffusion susceptibility test development for the new glycylcycline, gar-936.	the in vitro activity of gar-936, a new semisynthetic glycylcycline, was evaluated in comparison with two tetracyclines and the disk diffusion susceptibility test was assessed. nearly 700 recent clinical isolates were tested by reference broth microdilution and disk diffusion (two disk contents) methods. among the enterobacteriaceae, gar-936 was generally two- to 16-fold more active than other tetracyclines. all enteric bacilli mic90 results were < or = 4 micrograms/ml; the exception being prote ...	1999	10626138
[surgical policy in false aneurysm of proximal anastomosis secondary to reconstruction of aortofemoral segment].	the results of surgical treatment of 10 patients with a false aneurysm of the proximal anastomosis are analyzed. an average time for development of a false aneurysm made up 57.2 months. fluorlon-lavsan vascular woven prosthesis of russian produce was used in primary reconstruction. bacteriological examination of operation material was carried out in 9 patients. 8 cases revealed the growth: of staph. aureus (4) epidermal staphylococcus flora (3) and proteus vulg. (1). the authors suggest that sur ...	1999	10626379
isolation and antibacterial activity of phenylpropanoid derivatives from ballota nigra.	in addition to the previously isolated phenylpropanoid glycosides verbascoside 1, forsythoside b 2, arenarioside 3 and ballotetroside 4, another four compounds were isolated from generative aerial parts of ballota nigra: three phenylpropanoid glycosides, alyssonoside 5, lavandulifolioside 6 and angoroside a 7 and a non-glycosidic derivative (+)-(e)-caffeoyl-l-malic acid 8. the antibacterial activity of the five major compounds (1-4 and 8) was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacter ...	1999	10619384
proteus syndrome: craniofacial and cerebral mri.	the proteus syndrome is a rare hamartoneoplastic syndrome that may affect the brain, skull, and extracranial head and neck. we present a case with severe, characteristic findings. brain abnormalities are not common in proteus syndrome; when present, hemimegalencephaly and migrational disorders are typically seen, commonly with an associated seizure disorder. maxillary and mandibular dysmorphism may occur, including unilateral condylar hyperplasia. subcutaneous fatty, fibrous, lymphangiomatous ma ...	1999	10602859
[erythrocytic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, hemolysis and diabetic ketoacidosis].		1999	10603677
comparative evaluation of five chromogenic media for detection, enumeration and identification of urinary tract pathogens.	five chromogenic agar plates--cps id2 medium (biomérieux, france), chromagar orientation medium (becton dickinson, france), uriselect3 medium (sanofi diagnostics pasteur, france), rainbow agar uti medium (biolog, usa) and chromogenic uti medium (oxoid, germany)--for the detection, enumeration and direct identification of urinary tract pathogens were compared using 443 urine specimens at two hospital laboratories. the enumeration of microorganisms was consistent on the five media for 403 of the 4 ...	1999	10614954
elattoproteus syndrome: delineation of an inverse form of proteus syndrome.	a 7-year-old boy had partial lipohypoplasia and patchy dermal hypoplasia involving large areas of his body. these areas of deficient growth were similar to those described in many cases of proteus syndrome. paradoxically, however, he had only few and rather mild lesions of disproportionate overgrowth. this unusual case is taken as a clue to postulate the elattoproteus syndrome, an inverse form of proteus syndrome. the paradoxical coexistence of hyperplastic and hypoplastic lesions may reflect a ...	1999	10213042
bacterial populations contaminating the upper gut in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome.	small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (sibos) is characterized by an abnormally high bacterial population level in the upper gut, exceeding 10(5) organisms/ml (5 log colony-forming unit (cfu)/ml). to understand its origin and select an appropriate antibiotic treatment, we have analyzed the bacterial populations contaminating the upper gut in sibos patients.	1999	10235214
ability of proteus mirabilis to swarm over urethral catheters.	the aim of this study was to investigate the ability of proteus mirabilis to swarm over various types of urinary catheters. the test strain was found to swarm over catheters for distances of up to 10 cm within 24 h. migration was significantly more rapid over hydrogel-coated latex catheters than over all-silicone or silicone-coated latex catheters. scanning electron micrographs revealed discrete rafts of typically elongated swarmer cells on catheter surfaces. migration of swarmers along catheter ...	1999	10357056
growth, cellular differentiation and virulence factor expression by proteus mirabilis in vitro and in vivo.	a uropathogenic strain of proteus mirabilis was grown in vitro in human and mouse urine and brain-heart infusion broth (bhib) and in vivo in subcutaneous open chambers (soc) in mice, intraperitoneal diffusion chambers (ipc) in rats and by ascending urinary tract infection in mice in order to compare growth pattern, cellular differentiation and expression of virulence factors. although the growth rate was slower in vivo than in vitro, the extent of growth was similar after 24 h. pr mirabilis diff ...	1999	10359301
proteus syndrome: diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, and patient evaluation.	proteus syndrome is a complex disorder comprising malformations and overgrowth of multiple tissues. the disorder is highly variable and appears to affect patients in a mosaic manner. this intrinsic variability has led to diagnostic confusion associated with a dearth of longitudinal data on the natural history of proteus syndrome. to clarify some of these issues, a workshop on proteus syndrome was held in march 1998 at the national institutes of health, and participants developed recommendations ...	1999	10360391
zapa, the iga-degrading metalloprotease of proteus mirabilis, is a virulence factor expressed specifically in swarmer cells.	the iga-degrading metalloprotease, zapa, of the urinary tract pathogen proteus mirabilis is co-ordinately expressed along with other proteins and virulence factors during swarmer cell differentiation. in this communication, we have used zapa to monitor iga protease expression during the differentiation of vegetative swimmer cells to fully differentiated swarmer cells. northern blot analysis of wild-type cells and beta-galactosidase measurements using a zapa:lacz fusion strain indicate that zapa ...	1999	10361285
antimicrobial activity of wedelia trilobata crude extracts.	a biological screening of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and fungi of crude extracts from wedelia trilobata is reported. the n-hexane extract showed antibacterial activity against bacillus subtilis, mycobacterium smegmatis, staphylococcus aureus, and staphylococcus epidermidis (gram-positive bacteria); along with proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella group c, salmonella paratyphi, and shigella sonnei (gram-negative bacteria). the ethyl acetate e ...	1999	10374253
[the role of phase contrast microscopy in the evaluation of cervix neck and vaginal biocenosis].	the aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the possibility of germ identification in cervico-vaginal infections of different origin by ph cytology and classic fixated and stained (h-e) smears. we identified lactobacillus vag., gardnerella vag., short bacilli (escherichia coli, proteus, klebsiella), mixed coccus flora (diplococci, small and large cocci), trichomonas vag., and candidia alb. in cervico-vaginal smears. in endocervical, mature metaplastic or parabasal cells the elementary and c ...	1999	10375921
the structure of the colony migration factor from pathogenic proteus mirabilis. a capsular polysaccharide that facilitates swarming.	swarming by proteus mirabilis is characterized by cycles of rapid and coordinated population migration across surfaces following differentiation of vegetative cells into elongated hyperflagellated swarm cells. it has been shown that surface colony expansion by the swarm cell population is facilitated by a colony migration factor (cmf), a capsular polysaccharide (cps) that also contributes to the uropathogenicity of p. mirabilis (gygi, d., rahman, m. m., lai, h.-c., carlson, r., guard-petter, j., ...	1999	10438465
flavone and xanthone derivatives related to fluoroquinolones.	a number of flavone and xanthone derivatives bearing some characteristic features of fluoroquinolones such as the fluorine atom and an ortho piperazine ring are described. the new compounds have been tested for possible cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. cytotoxicity of both groups of compounds is rather poor, while the antibacterial activity is restricted to xanthones.	1999	10443020
antibacterial effects of lactoferricin b.	the antimicrobial peptide, lactoferricin, can be generated upon gastric pepsin cleavage of lactoferrin. we have examined the inhibitory efficacy of lactoferricin of bovine origin (lf-cin b) on escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and staphylococcus aureus with or without a cell wall. we found that spheroplasts and protoplasts had a lower mic than their counterparts with a cell wall. we also compared the efficacies of lf-cin b (17-31) made of all l-amino acids and all d-amino acids. the peptide ma ...	1999	10447329
molecular characterization of the genera proteus, morganella, and providencia by ribotyping.	the so-called proteus-providencia group is constituted at present by three genera and 10 species. several of the recognized species are common opportunistic pathogens for humans and animals. different methods based on the study of phenotypic characters have been used in the past with variable levels of efficiency for typing some species for epidemiological purposes. we have determined the rrna gene restriction patterns (ribotypes) for the type strains of the 10 different species of the genera pr ...	1999	10449462
thanos syndrome does not exist.		1999	10449640
impact of use of multiple antimicrobials on changes in susceptibility of gram-negative aerobes.	evaluation of antimicrobial usage vs. susceptibility relationships typically involves single agents. however, susceptibility profiles may be affected by multiple drugs. from 1992 through 1996, we studied relationships between drug usage and the susceptibility (only susceptibility rates of > or = 70%) of acinetobacter anitratus (baumannii), enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis, and serratia marcescens to 2 ...	1999	10452628
evaluation of the antimicrobial potency of tannins and related compounds using the microdilution broth method.	the antimicrobial activity of a total of 27 tannins and related compounds was evaluated against 8 microorganisms, including 2 gram-positive (bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus), 4 gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis), and 2 yeasts (candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans). the compounds tested were generally found to possess only weak to moderate antibacterial, but fairly high anticryptococcal activities. attention is ...	1999	10454901
microbial decolorization of azo dyes by proteus mirabilis.	a bacterium identified as proteus mirabilis was isolated from acclimated sludge from a dyeing wastewater treatment plant. this strain rapidly decolorized a deep red azo dye solution (red rbn). features of the decolorizing process related to biodegradation and biosorption were also studied. although p. mirabilis displayed good growth in shake culture, color removal was best in anoxic static cultures. for color removal, the optimal ph and temperature were 6.5-7.5 and 30-35 degrees c, respectively. ...	1999	10455502
structures of the o-specific polysaccharides and a serological cross-reactivity of the lipopolysaccharides of proteus mirabilis o24 and o29.	strains of proteus mirabilis belonging to serogroups o24 and o29 are frequent in clinical specimens. anti-p. mirabilis o24 serum cross-reacted with the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of p. mirabilis o29 and vice versa. the structures of the o-specific polysaccharides (opss, o-antigens) of both lpss were established using sugar analysis and one- and two-dimensional 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy and found to be different. sds-page and western immunoblotting suggested that the serological cross-reactivity ...	1999	10456314
proteus syndrome: a possible case associated to precocious puberty.	we report a boy with possible proteus syndrome and precocious puberty. this appears to be the first report of this association.	1999	10457862
antimicrobial resistance patterns in urinary isolates from nursing home residents. fifteen years of data reviewed.	the antibiotic resistance patterns of gram-negative bacteria isolated from nursing home patients between 1983 and 1997 were analysed. escherichia coli was the most prevalent isolate (48%) followed by proteus spp. (26%) and other enterobacteriaceae (20%). during the study period, the susceptibility of e. coli decreased for co-trimoxazole (79% to 62%), increased for nitrofurantoin (79% to 91%) and remained unchanged for amoxycillin (41%). susceptibility to norfloxacin, available from 1990, decreas ...	1999	10459818
antibacterial activity of ocimum gratissimum l. essential oil.	the essential oil (eo) of ocimum gratissimum inhibited staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 0.75 mg/ml. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) for shigella flexineri, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., and proteus mirabilis were at concentrations ranging from 3 to 12 microg/ml. the endpoint was not reached for pseudomonas aeruginosa (>=24 mg/ml). the mics of the reference drugs used in this study were similar to those presented in other reports. the minimum ba ...	1999	10464416
selective medium for primary isolation of members of the tribe proteeae.	a selective proteeae medium (spm) for isolation and preliminary detection of species of genera proteus, morganella, and providencia was evaluated. the spm contains tryptose phosphate agar with phenolphthalein monophosphate (as substrate for phosphatase activity), bile salts and polymyxin b (as inhibitors). the selectivity of the spm was tested by the ecometric method of quality assurance of culture media. fourteen reference cultures of enterobacteria and fifty-four strains of proteeae were teste ...	1999	11097023
[transfer of resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins and aztreonam in strains of klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases].	the authors demonstrated the transferability of antibiotic resistance genes in nosocomial strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, isolated from newborn children at the paediatric university hospital in bratislava. strains were resistant to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam. the determinants of resistance (carbenicillin, cephaloridine, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam) were transferred to recipient strains of escherichia coli k-12 and proteus mirabilis p-38. the transfer of resistance determin ...	1999	11038673
[bacteriologic and clinical analysis of nosocomial infections in patients from the intensive care unit].	the aim of this study is to evaluate what pathogens are mainly responsible for infection among all hospitalised at our itu patients, to define the influence of antibiotic use on the aetiology of nosocomial infection. the research was conducted on a six-bedded surgical itu in a 700-bed teaching hospital from january 1995 till june 1996. in august 1995 we changed infection control protocols (more stress on: handwashing with antiseptic soaps and routine microbiological culture for early prediction ...	1999	10909491
[frequency and antibiotic susceptibility of urinary pathogens isolated in the microbiology and virology laboratory of the careggi general hospital in the period july-december 1996].	the aim of the study was to evaluate the isolation frequency and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens isolated form urinocoltures.	1999	10812907
specific mucosal immunity in the pathophysiology of bacterial prostatitis in a rat model.	mucosal immunity was established in the rat prostate by stimulating the common mucosal system through serosal exposure of formalin-killed escherichia coli. immunized but not sham-immunized rats developed bacterial specific igg and iga in prostatic fluid, and iga in urine. immunized (n = 21) and sham-immunized control rats (n = 30) were challenged by transurethral injection of e. coli into the prostate ducts. mortality, gross and microscopic pathology, tissue bacterial counts, bacterial associate ...	1999	10907422
proteus igg antibodies and c-reactive protein in english, norwegian and spanish patients with rheumatoid arthritis.	the distribution of proteus antibody levels was compared in english, norwegian and spanish patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra). using an indirect immunofluorescence method, the igg antibody titre against proteus mirabilis was measured in the sera of 27 english, 53 norwegian and 34 spanish patients with ra and divided into active and inactive disease groups according to the serum c-reactive protein (crp) level (> or = 10 mg/l). serum samples were also collected from 25 english, 30 norwegian a ...	1999	11206342
struvite stones.	struvite stones constitute only about 2-3% of the stones reaching the laboratory for analysis, but the clinical problems they create including sepsis and even renal demise are greater than with any other stone type. this article reviews the evidence that bacterial urease, usually from a proteus species, is responsible for the chemical changes in urine which result in struvite formation. available urease inhibitors and other forms of medical management of patients with these stones are discussed. ...	1999	9873215
perirenal, peripelvic, and upper ureter abscesses in a nearly nonfunctioning kidney demonstrated by tc-99m dmsa and ga-67 renal spect.		1999	9890502
structure and serological specificity of a new acidic o-specific polysaccharide of proteus vulgaris o45.	the following structure of the o-specific polysaccharide (ops) of proteus vulgaris o45 lipopolysaccharide (lps) was established using 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional noesy and h-detected 1h, 13c heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence ( hmqc) experiments: [structure: see text text] immunochemical studies, using rabbit polyclonal anti-p. vulgaris o45 serum and lps, ops and smith-degraded ops of p. vulgaris o45, showed the importance of beta-d-glca in manifesting the serol ...	1999	9914495
characterization and nucleotide sequence of carb-6, a new carbenicillin-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase from vibrio cholerae.	a clinical strain of vibrio cholerae non-o1 non-o139 isolated in france produced a new beta-lactamase with a pi of 5.35. the purified enzyme, with a molecular mass of 33,000 da, was characterized. its kinetic constants show it to be a carbenicillin-hydrolyzing enzyme comparable to the five previously reported carb beta-lactamases and to sar-1, another carbenicillin-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase that has a pi of 4.9 and that is produced by a v. cholerae strain from tanzania. this beta-lactamase is d ...	1999	9925522
characterization of sfo-1, a plasmid-mediated inducible class a beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae.	enterobacter cloacae 8009 produced an inducible class a beta-lactamase which hydrolyzed cefotaxime efficiently. it also hydrolyzed other beta-lactams except cephamycins and carbapenems. the activity was inhibited by clavulanic acid and imipenem. the bla gene was transferable to escherichia coli by electroporation of plasmid dna. the molecular mass of the beta-lactamase was 29 kda and its pi was 7.3. all of these phenotypic characteristics of the enzyme except for inducible production resemble th ...	1999	9925524
a novel chromogenic ester agar medium for detection of salmonellae.	a novel agar medium, chromogenic salmonella esterase (cse) agar, for the differentiation of salmonellae is described. the agar contains peptones and nutrient extracts together with the following (grams per liter unless otherwise specified): 4-[2-(4-octanoyloxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-vinyl]-quinolinium-1-(propan-3-yl carboxylic acid) bromide (slpa-octanoate; bromide form), 0.3223; lactose, 14. 65; trisodium citrate dihydrate, 0.5; tween 20, 3.0; ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, 0.035% (wt/vol), novo ...	1999	9925620
the antibacterial effects of tumescent liposuction fluid.	tumescent liposuction is currently one of the most commonly performed aesthetic procedures. despite the variable use of preoperative antibiotics, infection is uncommon. prior works suggest that the low incidence of infection may be due to lidocaine's antibacterial properties. however, these properties have only been demonstrated using concentrations of lidocaine above 0.8%, significantly higher than those used in tumescent liposuction. the purpose of this study was to determine if the commonly u ...	1999	9950558
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of surgical-site infection following spinal fusion.	the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of surgical-site infections (ssi) following spinal fusion was retrospectively studied. this was done by reviewing the clinical and microbiological records at the naval hospital in bethesda, md., from 1980 to 1992. aspirates of pus from 25 infection sites showed bacterial growth. aerobic bacteria only were recovered from 9 (36%) specimens, anaerobic bacteria only were recovered from 4 (16%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were recovered from 12 (48 ...	1999	9986872
penetration of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin into the aqueous humor using different topical application modes.	a prospective study was undertaken to determine the transcorneal penetration of three topically applied fluoroquinolones into aqueous humor.	1999	9987622
genomic rearrangements in the flagellin genes of proteus mirabilis.	molecular analyses have revealed that proteus mirabilis possesses two genes, flaa and flab, that are homologous to each other and to flagellin genes of many other species. both swimmer and swarmer cells transcribe flaa, but not flab. flaa- mutants are non-motile and do not differentiate showing the essential role of flaa in swarmer cell differentiation and behaviour. at a low frequency, motile, differentiation-proficient revertants have been found in flaa-populations. these revertants produce an ...	1999	10027983
unaccountable severe hypercalcemia in a patient treated for hypoparathyroidism with dihydrotachysterol.	this report describes a forty-seven-year-old female patient with a complex medical history. she was suffering from an unspecified interstitial lung disease, papillary thyroid carcinoma which had been treated, hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy for which she was receiving dihydrotachysterol and calcium, and atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure as a result of mitral stenosis. shortly after mitral valve replacement she developed a severe hypercalcemia (serum calcium 5.95 mmol/l) dur ...	1999	10048291
antimicrobial activities of synthetic bismuth compounds against clostridium difficile.	clostridium difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen responsible for pseudomembranous colitis and many cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. because of potential relapse of disease with current antimicrobial therapy protocols, there is a need for additional and/or alternative antimicrobial agents for the treatment of disease caused by c. difficile. we have synthesized a systematic series of 14 structurally simple bismuth compounds and assessed their biological activities against c. difficile ...	1999	10049270
role of ribosome release in regulation of tna operon expression in escherichia coli.	expression of the degradative tryptophanase (tna) operon of escherichia coli is regulated by catabolite repression and tryptophan-induced transcription antitermination. in cultures growing in the absence of added tryptophan, transcription of the structural genes of the tna operon is limited by rho-dependent transcription termination in the leader region of the operon. tryptophan induction prevents this rho-dependent termination, and requires in-frame translation of a 24-residue leader peptide co ...	1999	10049385
an escherichia coli strain with all chromosomal rrna operons inactivated: complete exchange of rrna genes between bacteria.	current global phylogenies are built predominantly on rrna sequences. however, an experimental system for studying the evolution of rrna is not readily available, mainly because the rrna genes are highly repeated in most experimental organisms. we have constructed an escherichia coli strain in which all seven chromosomal rrna operons are inactivated by deletions spanning the 16s and 23s coding regions. a single e. coli rrna operon carried by a multicopy plasmid supplies 16s and 23s rrna to the c ...	1999	10051579
increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens causing acute uncomplicated cystitis in women.	guidelines for the management of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women that recommend empirical therapy in properly selected patients rely on the predictability of the agents causing cystitis and knowledge of their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.	1999	10052444
pylephlebitis associated with appendicitis.	pylephlebitis usually occurs secondary to infection in the region drained by the portal venous system. a most common antesecent focus of infection is diverticulitis and the most common blood isolate is e. coli (54%), followed by proteus mirabilis (23%). overall mortality is 32% and most of the patients who had died had severe sepsis prior to the initiation of antibiotic therapy. we describe a case of pylephlebitis which had appendicitis and consequent septic thrombosis of the portal vein and its ...	1999	10063317
cohort study of bacterial species causing urinary tract infection and urinary tract abnormalities in children.		1999	10082700
the isoflavone genistein inhibits internalization of enteric bacteria by cultured caco-2 and ht-29 enterocytes.	the dietary isoflavone genistein is the focus of much research involving its role as a potential therapeutic agent in a variety of diseases, including cancer and heart disease. however, there is recent evidence that dietary genistein may also have an inhibitory effect on extraintestinal invasion of enteric bacteria. to study the effects of genistein on bacterial adherence and internalization by confluent enterocytes, caco-2 and ht-29 enterocytes (cultivated for 15-18 d and 21-24 d, respectively) ...	1999	10082767
[lumbar puncture in a pediatric emergency department: something more than a diagnostic technic].	the aim of this study was to know the incidence of serious bacterial infections (sbi) in children without sepsis or intracranial infection in which spinal puncture (lp) was performed in an emergency department.	1999	10083638
the penicillins.	the penicillin family of antibiotics remains an important part of our antimicrobial armamentarium. in general, these agents have bactericidal activity, excellent distribution throughout the body, low toxicity, and efficacy against infections caused by susceptible bacteria. the initial introduction of aqueous penicillin g for treatment of streptococcal and staphylococcal infections was an important pharmacologic landmark. the emergence of penicillinase-producing staphylococcus aureus prompted the ...	1999	10090000
functional analysis of the evolutionarily conserved proline 53 residue in proteus mirabilis glutathione transferase b1-1.	the role of the evolutionarily conserved residue pro-53 in proteus mirabilis glutathione transferase b1-1 has been examined by replacing it with a serine residue using site-directed mutagenesis. the effect of the replacement on the activity, thermal stability and antibiotic binding capacity of the enzyme was examined. the results presented support the view that pro-53 participates in the maintenance of the proper conformation of the enzyme fold rather than playing a direct role in the catalytic ...	1999	10094487
a novel membrane protein influencing cell shape and multicellular swarming of proteus mirabilis.	swarming in proteus mirabilis is characterized by the coordinated surface migration of multicellular rafts of highly elongated, hyperflagellated swarm cells. we describe a transposon mutant, mns185, that was unable to swarm even though vegetative cells retained normal motility and the ability to differentiate into swarm cells. however, these elongated cells were irregularly curved and had variable diameters, suggesting that the migration defect results from the inability of these deformed swarm ...	1999	10094676
[use of pefloxacin in the treatment of patients with purulent wounds of soft tissues].	pefloxacin was used in the treatment of 25 patients with wound infection in a dose of 400 mg orally twice a day for 10-12 days. as the monotherapy it was applied to 15 patients. 7 patients with clinical signs of non-clostridial anaerobic infection were treated with pefloxacin in combination with intravenous metronidazole. pefloxacin was highly efficient in 96 per cent of the cases with extensive posttraumatic purulent wounds with and without bone affection, acute purulent wounds of the soft tiss ...	1999	10095920
neurofibromatosis type 1.	neurofibromatosis (nf) has perhaps been the most notorious of the neurocutaneous disorders. both quasimoto of victor hugo's the hunchback of notre dame and john merrick, known as the elephant man (who subsequently has been more properly classified as having proteus syndrome, a quite different disorder), are 2 infamous examples that have shaped many popular misconceptions about this disease. neurofibromatosis is now understood as a hamartomatous disorder on the basis of molecular genetic studies. ...	1999	10190829
[the effect of erythromycin on immunity in immunodeficiency].	the effect of 12.5 and 25 mg/kg doses of erythromycin on the immunity of intact mice and in cyclophosphan- and azathioprine-induced immunodeficiency was studied. erythromycin has no effect on the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen of intact and immunocompromised with cyclophosphan animals. it increases their number against the background of azathioprine. immunosuppression may change the character of the effect of erythromycin on delayed hypersensitivity. erythromycin stimulates phago ...	1999	10198768
identification of urer binding sites in the enterobacteriaceae plasmid-encoded and proteus mirabilis urease gene operons.	the closely related proteus mirabilis and enterobacterlaceae plasmid-encoded urease genes are positively regulated by the arac-like transcriptional activator urer. in the presence of the effector molecule urea, urer promotes transcription of ured, the initial gene in the urease operon, and increases transcription of the divergently transcribed urer. here, we identify urer-specific binding sites in the urerp-uredp intergenic regions. recombinant urer (rurer) was expressed and purified, and gel sh ...	1999	10200962
a comparison of teicoplanin versus cephradine plus metronidazole in the prophylaxis of post-operative infection in vascular surgery.	a total of 272 patients were enrolled into this prospective, unblinded, randomized comparison of single-dose teicoplanin vs three doses of cephradine plus metronidazole as prophylaxis for vascular surgery at st james's and seacroft hospitals, leeds, uk. in all, 71.3% of patients (194/272) were enrolled at st james's university hospital. patients received either a single dose of teicoplanin, 6 mg/kg i.v., or cephradine, 1 g i.v. with metronidazole, 1 g rectally, at induction of anaesthesia follow ...	1999	10204127
identification of protease and rpon-associated genes of uropathogenic proteus mirabilis by negative selection in a mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection.	proteus mirabilis, a motile gram-negative bacterium, is a principal cause of urinary tract infections in patients with functional or anatomical abnormalities of the urinary tract or those with urinary catheters in place. thus far, virulence factors including urease, flagella, haemolysin, various fimbriae, iga protease and a deaminase have been characterized based on the phenotypic traits conferred by these proteins. in this study, an attempt was made to identify new virulence genes of p. mirabil ...	1999	10206698
antibacterial activity of gentamicin and ciprofloxacin against gram-negative bacteria: interactions with pig and calf sera.	the antibacterial activity of pig and calf serum and its ability to interact with gentamicin and ciprofloxacin were studied in vitro using escherichia coli k-12, proteus rettgeri (sanelli) and klebsiella pneumoniae atcc 10031. the antimicrobial activity of the above drugs, alone or in combination with serum, was investigated by the checkerboard method and expressed as the minimal inhibitory concentration (microg ml-1). pig serum (25%) with gentamicin had a synergistic antibacterial effect agains ...	1999	10208763
amplification of proteus mirabilis chromosomal dna using the polymerase chain reaction.	a proteus mirabilis-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed and standardized. the origin of the primers was a recombinant clone that contained p. mirabilis-specific hind iii fragment dna of 3.5-kilobase pairs. based on the sequence data of p. mirabilis recombinant clone, two primers designated mmkap 1 and mmkap 2 were synthesized for use in the pcr. a p. mirabilis-specific 3.5-kb pair dna product was amplified by the primers from 18 strains of p. mirabilis, but not from other prot ...	1999	10208804
bacteria in lung tissue from an autopsy population of alcoholics.	the retrieval of bacteria from the lungs postmortem was examined in a population of alcoholics who had a medico-legal autopsy performed. the results were compared with non-alcoholic controls. pneumococci were found more frequently in alcoholics, but in general there were no major differences. proteus mirabilis was detected in three out of five alcoholics with unascertainable cause of death. it is speculated whether this species may cause septicaemia in some alcoholics due to abnormal splanchnicu ...	1999	10069022
synthesis and evaluation of 2 beta-oxyimino and alkenylpenicillanic acid sulfone derivatives as beta-lactamase inhibitors.	the synthesis and in vitro synergies of 2 beta-alkenyl and oxyiminopenam sulfone derivatives are described. most of the compounds synthesized exhibited good inhibitory activities and synergistic antibacterial activities with piperacillin and ceftriaxone, respectively, against several beta-lactamase producing strains. particularly the 2 beta-alkenylpenam sulfone derivatives. 1e and 1g, showed good synergistic activity with ceftriaxone against citrobacter freundi nih 10018-68 and proteus vulgaris ...	1999	10073138
structural and serological studies on the o-antigen of proteus mirabilis o14, a new polysaccharide containing 2-[(r)-1-carboxyethylamino]ethyl phosphate.	an o-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of proteus mirabilis o14 lipopolysaccharide (lps) and found to contain d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glalactose, phosphate, n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-d-alanine (d-alaetn), and o-acetyl groups. studies of the initial and o-deacetylated polysaccharides using one- and two-dimensional 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including cosy, tocsy, noesy, h-detected 1h,13c heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence, and heteronuclear multiple-bond c ...	1999	10215843
structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of a serologically separate strain proteus penneri 2 from a new proposed serogroup o66.	o-specific polysaccharide chain of proteus penneri strain 2 lipopolysaccharide was studied by full and partial acid hydrolysis, smith degradation, methylation analysis, and nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional rotating-frame noe spectroscopy (roesy) and 1h,13c heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc) experiments. together with d-glucose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose, the polysaccharide was found to contain two rarely occurring sugars, 6-deoxy-l-talose (l-6dtal) and 2,3-diacetam ...	1999	10215848
cloning and sequence analysis of the lipase and lipase chaperone-encoding genes from acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag-1, and redefinition of a proteobacterial lipase family and an analogous lipase chaperone family.	the genes encoding the lipase (lipa) and lipase chaperone (lipb) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus rag-1 were cloned and sequenced. the genes were isolated from a genomic dna library by complementation of a lipase-deficient transposon mutant of the same strain. transposon insertion in this mutant and three others was mapped to a single site in the chaperone gene. the deduced amino acid (aa) sequences for the lipase and its chaperone were found to encode mature proteins of 313 aa (32.5kda) and 347 ...	1999	10216267
macromolecular antimicrobial glycoprotein, achacin, expressed in a methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris.	a cdna encoding achacin, an antimicrobial glycoprotein from the body surface mucus of giant african snail achacina fulica férussac, was expressed in a methylotrophic yeast, pichia pastoris, and recombinant achacin (rach) was secreted in yeast minimal medium in a polyglycosylated form with 80 kda. carbohydrate analysis revealed that the glycosylated moiety of rach was composed of 50 mol mannose and 2 mol n-acetylglucosamine residues. antimicrobial activity using escherichia coli and staphylococcu ...	1999	10217406
[comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1997). i. susceptibility distribution].	the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 560 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 9 hospitals during the period of june 1997 to may 1998. of the above bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. susceptibilities of several isolated bacteria to antim ...	1999	10221177
in vitro evaluation of g1: a novel antimicrobial compound.	g1 (1-[5-bromofur-2-il]-2-bromo-2-nitroethene) is a novel antimicrobial compound developed in cuba with reported broadspectrum activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. a compound of this nature may have considerable therapeutic potential. we tested the in vitro activity of this novel compound against 3595 organisms using microbroth dilution. the following are mic50, mic90 and range respectively for some of the microorganisms tested: e. coli 16, 16, 4 32; klebsiell ...	1999	10221421
arteriovenous and lymphatic malformations, linear verrucous epidermal nevus and mild overgrowth: another hamartoneoplastic syndrome?	we report a 22 year old female presenting with slowly progressive paraparesis, who appeared to have many (mainly subcutaneous) hamartomas. the neurological symptoms were caused by intraspinal masses and arteriovenous malformations. in addition, she had mild overgrowth of one leg and lymph vessel malformations. this combination of symptoms resembles proteus syndrome, but is different in symptomatology and progression and may be yet another hamartoneoplastic syndrome.	1999	10319199
substrate-specific binding of hook-associated proteins by flgn and flit, putative chaperones for flagellum assembly.	during flagellum assembly by motile enterobacteria, flagellar axial proteins destined for polymerization into the cell surface structure are thought to be exported through the 25-30 a flagellum central channel as partially unfolded monomers. how are premature folding and oligomerization in the cytosol prevented? we have shown previously using hyperflagellated proteus mirabilis and a motile but non-swarming flgn transposon mutant that the apparently cytosolic 16. 5 kda flagellar protein flgn faci ...	1999	10320579
bacteriologic and immunologic aspects of gram-negative folliculitis: a study of 46 patients.	gram-negative folliculitis is an infection with gram-negative rods that most often occurs as a complication of prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy in patients suffering from acne and rosacea.	1999	10321942
differential expression of nonagglutinating fimbriae and mr/p pili in swarming colonies of proteus mirabilis.	the expression of nonagglutinating fimbriae (naf) and mannose-resistant/proteus-like (mr/p) pili in swarming colonies of proteus mirabilis was investigated. elongated swarmer cells do not express pili, and the relative number of bacteria expressing naf during swarming and early consolidation phases was very low (<5%). relative expression of naf in a terrace increased to approximately 30% at 48 h. we also determined the expression of naf and mr/p pili in two phenotypically distinguishable regions ...	1999	10322025
urea restrains swarming of proteus mirabilis.		1999	10328687
cross-reactivity between the rheumatoid arthritis-associated motif eqkraa and structurally related sequences found in proteus mirabilis.	cross-reactivity or molecular mimicry may be one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (ra). antiserum against the ra susceptibility sequence eqkraa was shown to bind to a similar peptide esrral present in the hemolysin of the gram-negative bacterium proteus mirabilis, and an anti-esrral serum reacted with eqkraa. there was no reactivity with either anti-eqkraa or anti-esrral to a peptide containing the ederaa sequence which is present in hla-drb1* ...	1999	10338479
requirement of mrph for mannose-resistant proteus-like fimbria-mediated hemagglutination by proteus mirabilis.	two new genes, mrph and mrpj, were identified downstream of mrpg in the mrp gene cluster encoding mannose-resistant proteus-like (mr/p) fimbriae of uropathogenic proteus mirabilis. since the predicted mrph has 30% amino acid sequence identity to papg, the galalpha(1-4)gal-binding adhesin of escherichia coli p fimbriae, we hypothesized that mrph encodes the functional mr/p hemagglutinin. mr/p fimbriae, expressed in e. coli dh5alpha, conferred on bacteria both the ability to cause mannose-resistan ...	1999	10338487
metabolism of l(-)-carnitine by enterobacteriaceae under aerobic conditions.	different enterobacteriaceae, such as escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris and proteus mirabilis, are able to convert l(-)-carnitine, via crotonobetaine, into gamma-butyrobetaine in the presence of carbon and nitrogen sources under aerobic conditions. intermediates of l(-)-carnitine metabolism (crotonobetaine, gamma-butyrobetaine) could be detected by thin-layer chromatography. in parallel, l(-)-carnitine dehydratase, carnitine racemasing system and crotonobetaine reductase activities were determi ...	1999	10339822
signal-mediated nuclear transport in the amoeba.	the evolutionary changes that occur in signal-mediated nuclear transport would be expected to reflect an increasing need to regulate nucleocytoplasmic exchanges as the complexity of organisms increases. this could involve changes in both the composition and structure of the pore complex, as well as the cytosolic factors that mediate transport. in this regard, we investigated the transport process in amoebae (amoeba proteus and chaos carolinensis), primitive cells that would be expected to have l ...	1999	10341221
evidence that patients with rheumatoid arthritis have asymptomatic 'non-significant' proteus mirabilis bacteriuria more frequently than healthy controls.	patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) are reported to have in their sera raised levels of antibody specific to proteus mirabilis. the aim of the study was to verify this and to determine an explanation for it by investigating the frequency of p. mirabilis urinary tract infection in ra patients and matched controls.	1999	10342649
effect of local application of the antimicrobial peptide ib-367 on the incidence and severity of oral mucositis in hamsters.	the purpose of this animal study was to determine whether ib-367, an antimicrobial peptide, is able to ameliorate oral mucositis by reducing microflora densities on the mucosal surfaces of the mouth.	1999	10348510
antibacterial activity of simple coumarins: structural requirements for biological activity.	the antibacterial activity of a series of simple coumarins was evaluated against 8 microorganisms, including three gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococcus and streptococcus pneumoniae) and five gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis and haemophilus influenzae), using the microdilution broth method. the coumarins tested showed broad diversity regarding growth inhibitory activity with minimum inhibitory ...	1999	10349736
ankylosing spondylitis in monozygotic twins: studies on immunological parameters.	to examine immunological parameters that might explain disease discordance in monozygotic twin pairs with ankylosing spondylitis (as).	1999	10381488
carbohydrate chemistry. sugars out in the open.		1999	10385112
in vitro activity of clinafloxacin against fluoroquinolone resistant spanish clinical isolates.	the in vitro activity of clinafloxacin against 162 ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates was determined. isolates were selected when their mic to ciprofloxacin was 2 mg/l (intermediate) or > 2 mg/l (resistant). the following strains were tested: 61 escherichia coli, 12 klebsiella pneumoniae, 7 proteus mirabilis, 21 serratia marcescens, 4 enterobacter cloacae, 21 pseudomonas aeruginosa, 21 staphylococcus. aureus (resistant to methicillin) and 15 enterococcus spp. clinafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ...	1999	10389645
the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens causing acute uncomplicated cystitis in young women.	four hundred and fifty-two urine isolates from women with acute uncomplicated cystitis and a positive urine culture presenting to a sexually transmitted disease clinic were collected during 1989-1991, and 213 specimens were collected over 1995-1997. the predominant species was escherichia coli, representing 68% of the isolates; others included staphylococcus saprophyticus (8%), group b streptococci (7%), proteus spp. (6%), klebsiella spp. (4%) and enterococcus spp.(3%). more than 10% of the e. c ...	1999	10394988
[out of hospital pneumonia by morganella morganii].		1999	10396093
[a consideration on the results of nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibilities--gram-negative bacilli].	the results of the semi-annual nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibilities, conducted by the japanese ministry of health and welfare during the period of january 1993 to july 1995, were analyzed for typical gram-negative bacilli in the purpose of provision of an index for antimicrobial selection. during these 3 years, escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter aerogenes and proteus mirabilis showed slightly increasing tendency in susceptibility to fosfomycin (fom) and cit ...	1999	10396690
cutaneous mosaicism of lethal mutations.	the concept of autosomal lethal genes surviving only in a mosaic state was proposed by happle to explain the genetic basis of several syndromes characterized by (almost always) sporadic occurrence, distribution of lesions in a scattered or asymmetrical pattern, variable extent of involvement, lack of diffuse involvement of entire organs, and equal sex ratio. the mosaic may either arise from a gametic half-chromatid mutation or from an early postzygotic mutation. the purpose of this article is to ...	1999	10398256
concept of twin spotting.	this article describes the formation of apparent twin spots presumed to be caused by a specific form of somatic recombination. twin spots consist of two genetically different clones of neighboring cells in a background of normal cells. the phenomenon is well known in plants and animals and is used as a marker to evaluate the recombinogenic activity of chemicals. the equivalent of the twin spot phenomenon in humans has only been described recently. we now give a review on a number of paired skin ...	1999	10398259
aspects of the antimicrobial efficacy of grapefruit seed extract and its relation to preservative substances contained.	the antimicrobial efficacy as well as the content of preservative agents of six commercially available grapefruit seed extracts were examined. five of the six extracts showed a high growth inhibiting activity against the test germs bacillus subtilis sbug 14, micrococcus flavus sbug 16, staphylococcus aureus sbug 11, serratia marcescens sbug 9, escherichia coli sbug 17, proteus mirabilis sbug 47, and candida maltosa sbug 700. in all of the antimicrobial active grapefruit seed extracts, the preser ...	1999	10399191
comparative study on the in vitro antibacterial activity of australian tea tree oil, cajuput oil, niaouli oil, manuka oil, kanuka oil, and eucalyptus oil.	to compare the antibacterial activity of the australian tea tree oil (tto) with various other medicinally and commercially important essential myrtaceous oils (cajuput oil, niaouli oil, kanuka oil, manuka oil, and eucalyptus oil) the essential oils were first analysed by gc-ms and then tested against various bacteria using a broth microdilution method. the highest activity was obtained by tto, with mic values of 0.25% for enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus m ...	1999	10399193
the bacteriology of neonatal septicaemia in ile-ife, nigeria.	the incidence of septicaemia among neonates categorized as being at high risk was 55 per cent in ile-ife, nigeria. gram-positive organisms, specifically staphylococcus aureus, were predominant (33.8 per cent) among bacteria cultured from proven cases of septicaemia. other coagulase-negative staphylococci also contributed 21 per cent, with staphylococcus epidermidis occurring in 5 per cent of the isolates. listeria monocytogenes was cultured from 8.4 per cent of septic neonates. pseudomonas aerug ...	1999	10401192
detection of glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in plasmodium falciparum infection.	we describe the separation of an active glutamate dehydrogenase [gdh (nadp+)] enzyme from the plasma of patients with p. falciparum infection using columns of sepharose anti-gdh (nadp+) of proteus spp. the activity of this enzyme was also detected in p. falciparum culture supernatant. the parasitic origin of this enzyme was suggested by western blot analysis using anti-p. falciparum culture supernatant and anti-whole parasite antibodies. the differential inhibition of the p. falciparum gdh (nadp ...	1999	10402763
investigation of the types and characteristics of the proteolytic enzymes formed by diverse strains of proteus species.	many diverse clinical isolates of proteus mirabilis (48 strains), p. penneri (25), p. vulgaris biogroup 2 (48) and p. vulgaris biogroup 3 (21) from man were examined for their ability to produce proteolytic enzymes and the nature and characteristics of the proteases were studied. all the p. penneri isolates, most (94-90%) of the p. mirabilis and p. vulgaris biogroup 2 isolates, but only 71% of the p. vulgaris biogroup 3 isolates, secreted proteolytic enzymes. these were detected most readily at ...	1999	10403412
susceptibility to levofloxacin of clinical isolates of bacteria from intensive care and haematology/oncology patients in switzerland: a multicentre study.	the objective of this study was to examine the susceptibility of clinical isolates to levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone with extended activity against gram-positive bacteria, and other antibiotics in 12 swiss clinical microbiology laboratories using the nccls disc diffusion technique. isolates were prospectively collected from intensive care units (icus (59%), oncology wards (7%) and other units with haematology/oncology patients (34%) from june 1995 to march 1996. the levofloxacin breakpoints use ...	1999	10404338
pcr-based identification of postmortem microbial contaminants--a preliminary study.	investigation of postmortem blood can reveal the presence of significant ethanol levels. however, in some instances it cannot easily be determined if the source of ethanol is from ingestion or from postmortem endogenous fermentation by contaminating microbes. described here is a robust polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based method for detecting the presence of common ethanol producing microbial contaminants in human blood. a set of dna primers were designed for use in pcr to amplify and detect th ...	1999	10408116
cyanobacteria--a potential source of new biologically active substances.	hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts of twelve cyanobacterial strains, isolated from fresh and brackish water, and two waterblooms, collected during the summer from the baltic sea, were investigated for their antibiotic activities against seven microorganisms. no inhibitory effects were found against the three gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and serratia marcescens and the yeast candida maltosa. of all cyanobacterial samples, extracts from seven species inhibited the gr ...	1999	10412206
generalized tetanus in a patient with a diabetic foot infection.	tetanus is a preventable disease that continues to affect people in the united states due to poor immunization practices in our health care system. a 57-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and end-stage renal disease with many hospital admissions came to the hospital emergency department because of a blackened great toe. he denied pain in the toe or knowledge of foot injury. the patient also complained of temporomandibular tenderness accompanied by inability to open his mou ...	1999	10417039
prevalence of proteus species in urinary tract infections in a regional hospital in trinidad.	proteus bacteria are a well-known cause of urinary tract infections (utis). the prevalence of utis is high among catheterized patients and those undergoing manipulation of the urinary tract. this study assessed the prevalence of utis due to proteus species, the predisposing factors, complications and extent of antimicrobial resistance at a regional teaching hospital.	1999	10418178