Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| changing prevalence of anti-hepatitis a virus in adolescents in a rural township in taiwan. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is transmitted through the oral-anal route. areas of low prevalence of anti-hav might have risks for a hepatitis a outbreak even under accidental infection as the source can spread easily. the prevalence of anti-hav among children in taipei is reported to be nearly 0%; however, the prevalence in rural areas remains undetermined. our study aims to realize the prevalence change in a rural area. | 2010 | 20584510 |
| significant loss of hepatitis a ab after allogeneic hematopoietic sct in pediatric patients. | loss of specific immunity after hematopoietic sct (hsct) is well documented for polio, measles, mumps and tetanus. there are limited studies reporting the loss of hepatitis a virus immunity and no reports evaluating the effect of donor immunity on hepatitis a virus (hav) immunity loss after hsct. a total of 49 of the 81 patients who received hsct at the ankara university pediatric hsct unit from january 1997 to december 2006 had hav serology tested before hsct and were evaluated for seroprevalen ... | 2010 | 19465941 |
| incidence trends of viral hepatitis a, b, and c seropositivity over eight years of surveillance in saudi arabia. | in saudi arabia, viral hepatitis ranked the second most common reportable viral disease in 2007, with almost 9000 new cases diagnosed in that year. the objective of this study was to determine the incidence trends of viral hepatitis seropositivity among the population served by the national guard health affairs (ngha) hospitals in the central, eastern, and western saudi arabia regions. | 2010 | 19540786 |
| prevalence of igg anti-hav in patients with chronic hepatitis b and in the general healthy population in korea. | few studies have investigated hepatitis a virus (hav) seroepidemiology in koreans with chronic liver disease (cld). this study compared the prevalence of igg anti-hav between the general healthy population and patients with hepatitis b virus-related cld (hbv-cld), with the aim of identifying predictors of hav prior exposure. | 2010 | 21415579 |
| meeting vaccination quality measures for hepatitis a and b virus in patients with chronic hepatitis c infection. | coinfection with hepatitis a virus (hav) or hepatitis b virus (hbv) in patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. the center for medicare and medicaid services has identified hav and hbv vaccination as a priority area for quality measurement in hcv. it is unclear to what extent patients with hcv meet these recommendations. we used national data from the department of veterans affairs hcv clinical case registry to evaluate the prevalence an ... | 2010 | 21254161 |
| analysis of 5' nontranslated region of hepatitis a viral rna genotype i from south korea: comparison with disease severities. | the aim of the study was to analyze genotype i hepatitis a virus (hav) 5' nontranslated region (ntr) sequences from a recent outbreak in south korea and compare them with reported sequences from japan. we collected a total of 54 acute hepatitis a patients' sera from hav genotype i [27 severe disease (prothrombin time inr ≥ 1.50) and 27 mild hepatitis (prothrombin time inr <1.00)], performed nested rt-pcr of 5' ntr of hav directly sequenced from pcr products (∼ 300 bp), and compared them with eac ... | 2010 | 21203430 |
| helicobacter pylori infection in mother and infant pairs in anatolia. | the aim of this prospective study was to determine the seroprevalence rates of helicobacter pylori in mother and infant pairs and to discuss the possible fecal-oral transmission route of helicobacter pylori infection in the early years of life. | 2010 | 20872322 |
| hepatitis a virus genetic diversity in venezuela: exclusive circulation of subgenotype ia and evidence of quasispecies distribution in the isolates. | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is highly prevalent in latin america, including venezuela. subgenotype ia seems to circulate in an almost exclusive fashion, except in brazil. the aim of this study was the molecular characterization of the hav infection in venezuela, in order to characterize the circulating strains and to analyze the presence of quasispecies in sporadic cases and an epidemic outbreak. a total of 125 (113 sera and 12 feces) samples positive for anti-hav igm from sporadic cases a ... | 2010 | 20872708 |
| spatiotemporal dynamics of viral hepatitis a in italy. | viral hepatitis a is still common in italy, especially in southern regions. in this study, a metapopulation model for hepatitis a virus (hav) transmission is proposed and analyzed. analytical results on the asymptotic and transient behaviors of the system are carried out. based on the available italian movement data, a national spatial contact matrix at the regional level, which could be used for new studies on the transmission dynamics of other infectious diseases, is derived for modeling fluxe ... | 2010 | 20883708 |
| hemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis secondary to hepatitis a virus infection. | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is generally a self-limited disease, but the infection in adults can be serious, to be often complicated by acute kidney injury (aki) and rarely by virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (vahs). our patient, a 48-yr-old man, was diagnosed with hav infection complicated by dialysis-dependent aki. his kidney biopsy showed acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with massive infiltration of activated macrophages and t cells, and he progressively demonstrated features ... | 2010 | 20890439 |
| [new guidelines for investigating and evaluating the virucidal activity of disinfectants]. | the diversity of viruses that cause human infectious diseases and problems in culturing some of them, such as hepatitis a, b, and c viruses and hiv, necessitate a search for test viruses that are closely resistant to disinfectants. the early methodical documents and the new one "guidelines for investigating and evaluating the virucidal activity of disinfectants" (my 3.5.2431-08) include poliovirus (vaccine strain) as one of the test viruses. adenovirus and thermoresistant parvovirus are addition ... | 2010 | 21344697 |
| inactivation of hepatitis a virus and norovirus surrogate in suspension and on food-contact surfaces using pulsed uv light (pulsed light inactivation of food-borne viruses). | this study was conducted to evaluate the inactivation of murine norovirus (mnv-1) and hepatitis a virus (hav) by pulsed ultraviolet (uv) light. mnv-1 was used as a model for human norovirus. viral suspensions of about 10(6) pfu/ml were exposed to pulses of uv light for different times and at different distances in a xenon steripulse device (model rs-3000c). inactivation studies were also carried out on 1-cm(2) stainless steel and polyvinyl chloride disks with 10(5) pfu/ml. inactivation of mnv-1 ... | 2010 | 21356466 |
| hepatitis a - prevention in travellers. | hepatitis a is the second most common vaccine preventable infection in travellers. highly effective vaccines exist for its prevention for travellers from 12 months of age, including last minute travellers and those in special risk groups. | 2010 | 21301672 |
| hepatitis a virus seroprevalence by age and world region, 1990 and 2005. | to estimate current age-specific rates of immunity to hepatitis a virus (hav) in world regions by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data. the estimation of the global burden of hepatitis a and policies for public health control are dependent on an understanding of the changing epidemiology of this viral infection. | 2010 | 20723630 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus in patients with chronic liver disease from kerala: impact on vaccination policy. | hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccination is recommended worldwide for patients with chronic liver disease to prevent decompensation due to superinfection with hav. there are recent reports of decline in hav seroprevalence in developing countries, where hepatitis a was considered hyperendemic. this phenomenon would have implication on policy of hepatitis a vaccination in chronic liver disease in our region. the aim of the study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of hav antibodies in patients with chro ... | 2009 | 20509469 |
| increase of atypical lymphocytes expressing cd4+/cd45ro+ in an infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome associated with hepatitis a virus infection. | subpopulations of regular and atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of a 24-year-old man with an infectious mononucleosis (im)-like syndrome associated with hepatitis a virus (hav) infection were analyzed. the ratio of cd4+ to cd8+ cells was in the normal range (1.19 and 1.23 in the regular and atypical lymphocytes, respectively), with no increase in cd8+ cells. the percentage of cd8+/cd11b- cells was not increased in the atypical lymphocytes. however, cd45ro+ was expressed on 86.3% of cd ... | 2009 | 19554404 |
| no evidence of intrauterine transmission of hepatitis a virus from a mother to a premature infant. | to determine whether or not an intrauterine transmission of hepatitis a virus (hav) occurred from an infected mother to her premature infant delivered by caesarean section. | 2009 | 19558626 |
| wastewater workers and hepatitis a virus infection. | the main occupational hazard of wastewater workers (wws) is the direct exposure to the variety of infectious agents present in sewage material, with hepatitis a virus (hav) being the most frequent one. most epidemiological studies have shown a higher risk of hepatitis a among wws, although some studies have produced conflicting evidence. | 2009 | 19561054 |
| previous hepatitis a virus infection is related to slower psychomotor speed in elderly adults. | patients with chronic viral hepatitis are at a higher risk for cognitive dysfunction. little is known about the association between hepatitis a virus (hav) infection and cognitive function. | 2009 | 19561144 |
| [efficacy and safety of vaccination against hepatitis a and b in patients with chronic liver disease]. | vaccination to protect against hepatitis a and b should be part of the routine management of patients with chronic liver disease (cld). | 2009 | 19577338 |
| characterization of anti-idiotypic antibodies mimicking antibody- and receptor-binding sites on hepatitis a virus. | two anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies (mab2s; named 94-2 and 94-7), were generated from a balb/c mouse immunized with human monoclonal anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) neutralizing antibody kf94. we characterized the properties of the mab2s and determined interactions between mab2s, kf94 and hav using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay and hav infectivity assay. inactivated hav inhibited mab2 binding to kf94, indicating that the mab2s mimicked the hav neutralization site ... | 2009 | 19578927 |
| rapid detection of anti-hepatitis a virus neutralizing antibodies in a microplate enzyme immunoassay. | the slow growth of hepatitis a virus (hav) in cell culture is one of the primary pitfalls in the development of sensitive and rapid methods for the detection and quantification of hav and associated neutralizing antibodies. currently, in vitro assays frequently require 8 days or more to detect and quantify the presence of hav neutralizing antibodies. this study describes a rapid immunoassay that allowed the detection of anti-hav neutralizing antibodies in only 3 days. this microplate-based enzym ... | 2009 | 19608692 |
| virologic and immunologic correlates with the magnitude of antibody responses to the hepatitis a vaccine in hiv-infected children on highly active antiretroviral treatment. | hiv-infected individuals mount poor antibody responses to vaccines. we sought to identify the immunologic and virologic factors associated with a robust response to hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccine in children on highly active antiretroviral treatment. | 2009 | 19617848 |
| hepatitis a outbreak epidemiologically linked to a food handler in melbourne, victoria. | hepatitis a is caused by the hepatitis a virus (hav). transmission occurs by the faecal-oral route, either by direct contact with an hav-infected person or by ingestion of hav-contaminated food or water. hepatitis a outbreaks are uncommon in australia. in 2008, victoria experienced an outbreak of hepatitis a due to an infected food handler. | 2009 | 19618771 |
| an in-house-anti-hepatitis a virus (hav)-specific immunoglobulin m capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: evaluation and application to an hav outbreak. | an anti-hepatitis a virus (hav)-specific immunoglobulin m capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (anti-hav igm elisa) kit was re-designed for laboratory use and compared with a commercial anti-hav igm detection system using 58 serum samples collected from patients, vaccines, and healthy individuals. because concordance between the two systems was high (r = 0.93, p < 0.05), 19 sets of serum and fecal samples obtained from individuals exposed to an hav outbreak were also examined. serum levels ... | 2009 | 19623670 |
| hepatitis a and e virus infections among children in mongolia. | to compare the epidemiologic profiles of hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in children in mongolia, the prevalence of hav and hev infections was studied serologically and molecularly among 520 apparently healthy children 7-12 years of age (mean +/- standard deviation, 8.5 +/- 0.8 years) using serum samples obtained in 2004. total antibody against hav (anti-hav) was detected in 438 children (84.2%), whereas igg antibody against hev (anti-hev igg) was detected in only ... | 2009 | 19635878 |
| a novel method for concentrating hepatitis a virus and caliciviruses from bottled water. | human enteric viruses are detected frequently in various types of environmental water samples, such as irrigation water, wastewater, recreational water, ground or subsurface water and even drinking water, constituting a primary source of gastroenteritis or hepatitis outbreaks. only a few, but still infective number of viral particles are normally present in water samples, therefore an efficient virus concentration procedure is essential prior to molecular detection of the viral nucleic acid. in ... | 2009 | 19646482 |
| [detection and quantification of hepatitis a virus in tianjin coastal seawater of bohai bay]. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is single-strainded rna virus that causes infectious hepatitis a. detection and quantification of hepatitis a virus in tianjin coastal seawater of bohai bay were carried out by conventional rt-pcr and sybr green real-time quantitative rt-pcr using the primers based on the conserved sequence at the vp1-vp2 genes of hav. the nine samples were taken at tianjin coastal seawater of bohai bay locating in the south of tanggu, in summer, autumn and winter of 2007 and spring of 20 ... | 2009 | 19662838 |
| epidemiological and genetic analysis of a sustained community-wide outbreak of hepatitis a in the republic of korea, 2008: a hospital-based case-control study. | the epidemiological shift of hepatitis a has contributed to a sustained community-wide outbreak in korea during 2008. | 2009 | 19665426 |
| hepatitis a outbreaks in china during 2006: application of molecular epidemiology. | in china, hepatitis is a huge public health problem. outbreaks of hepatitis a are the most frequent cause of acute hepatitis, and to date, few epidemiologic investigations or molecular surveillance studies have been performed. | 2009 | 19669361 |
| inactivation and elimination of human enteric viruses by pacific oysters. | to investigate the comparative elimination of three different human enterically transmitted viruses [i.e. hepatitis a virus (hav), norovirus (nov) and poliovirus (pv)] and inactivation of hav and pv by pacific oysters. | 2009 | 19674189 |
| development of a high pressure processing inactivation model for hepatitis a virus. | high pressure processing (hpp) inactivation data were obtained for hepatitis a virus (hav) suspended in buffered growth medium containing salt at either 15 or 30 g/liter. pressures between 300 and 500 mpa were applied for treatment times of 60 to 600 s. in medium containing 15 g/liter salt, the hav titer was reduced by approximately 1 and 2 log 50% tissue culture infectious dose units (tcid50) per ml after 600 s of treatment with 300 and 400 mpa, respectively. under the same treatment conditions ... | 2009 | 19681266 |
| a microarray based approach for the identification of common foodborne viruses. | an oligonucleotide array (microarray) incorporating 13,000 elements representing selected strains of hepatitis a virus (hav), human coxsackieviruses a and b (cva and cvb), genogroups i and ii of norovirus (nv), and human rotavirus (rv) gene segments 3,4,10, and 11 was designed based on the principle of tiling. each oligonucleotide was 29 bases long, starting at every 5th base of every sequence, resulting in an overlap of 24 bases in two consecutive oligonucleotides. the applicability of the arra ... | 2009 | 19718237 |
| molecular epidemiology of hepatitis a virus in the south-east area of gyeonggi-do in korea. | hepatitis a virus (hav) has been a leading cause of acute hepatitis in korea. the reported genotypes of acute hepatitis a in korea are the subgenotype ia and ib. the aim of the present study is to investigate hav genotypes in the south-east area of gyeonggi-do in korea. | 2009 | 19718398 |
| comparative study of two extraction methods for enteric virus recovery from sewage sludge by molecular methods. | the aim of this study was to compare two nucleic acid extraction methods for the recovery of enteric viruses from activated sludge. test samples were inoculated with human adenovirus (adv), hepatitis a virus (hav), poliovirus (pv) and rotavirus (rv) and were then processed by an adsorption-elution-precipitation method. two extraction methods were used: an organic solvent-based method and a silica method. the organic-based method was able to recoup 20% of the adv, 90% of the rv and 100% of both t ... | 2009 | 19722079 |
| full length genomes of genotype iiia hepatitis a virus strains (1995-2008) from india and estimates of the evolutionary rates and ages. | with the changing epidemiology, outbreaks of hepatitis a virus (hav) have been reported from different parts of india. to characterize hav strains circulating in india (1995-2008), 6 full genome sequences of the predominant genotype, iiia, were determined. further, applying the bayesian markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) framework to the full genomes of indian hav strains as well as other global strains (human as well as simian), we derived the mean nucleotide substitution rate and evolutionary tim ... | 2009 | 19723592 |
| nested real-time pcr for hepatitis a detection. | the hepatitis a virus (hav) is one of the most important human foodborne pathogens causing a number of worldwide outbreaks each year. the detection of hav in food samples remains a complex issue, because commonly used detection tools, such as conventional or even real-time pcr assays, are often unable to detect hav with sufficient sensitivity. the aims of this study were to develop highly sensitive and specific nested real-time pcr (nrt-pcr)-based method for hav detection in food and to compare ... | 2009 | 19732327 |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis a virus isolated from acute gastroenteritis patients in the seoul region of korea. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is a major public health problem throughout the world. as a result of declining hav endemic in korea, an increasing number of children and adolescents have become susceptible to hav infection. hav is related with sanitation conditions of the environment and is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, either through person-to-person contact or by contaminated water and food. the present study has been carried out to determine the phylogenetic analysis and circulating patterns ... | 2009 | 19466614 |
| kinetics of hepatitis a virus replication in vivo and in vitro using negative-strand quantitative pcr. | the replication of hepatitis a virus (hav) is via a complementary negative-strand rna. each negative strand may serve as a template for the synthesis of many positive strands. the aim of this study was to detect the intermediate replicative (negative strand) of hav in order to monitor its replication in vitro and in vivo. real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was standardized to detect the intermediate replicative of hav in cell culture and liver from non-human primates infected experimental ... | 2009 | 19468763 |
| hepatitis vaccination and infection among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men who attend gyms in new york city. | the authors examined hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccination rates, hepatitis infection, and health care access in a gym-attending sample of 311 gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (msm) in new york city. overall, 69% reported having been vaccinated for hav and 70% reported having been vaccinated for hbv. multivariate models were used to identify predictors of hav and hbv vaccination, and younger men, hiv-positive men, and men who had access to a doctor or ... | 2009 | 19477727 |
| surveillance for acute viral hepatitis - united states, 2007. | in the united states, acute viral hepatitis most frequently is caused by infection with any of three distinct viruses: hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), or hepatitis c virus (hcv). these unrelated viruses are transmitted through different routes and have different epidemiologic profiles. safe and effective vaccines have been available for hepatitis b since 1981 and for hepatitis a since 1995. no vaccine exists against hepatitis c. hbv and hcv can persist as chronic infections and ... | 2009 | 19478727 |
| hepatitis c performance measure on hepatitis a and b vaccination: missed opportunities? | prevention of hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection in patients with chronic hepatitis c (chc) through vaccination is endorsed by all major professional societies. this study was conducted to determine adherence to the recently adopted physician performance measure on hav and hbv vaccination. | 2009 | 19491840 |
| the epidemiology of hepatitis a virus infections in four pacific island nations, 1995-2008. | historically, hepatitis a virus (hav) has been highly prevalent in developing countries, with most infections occurring during childhood, when they are likely to be asymptomatic. shifts in the acquisition of infection from childhood to adulthood, when clinical hepatitis is more likely, may leave populations vulnerable to large outbreaks. we conducted cross-sectional serosurveys from 1995 to 2008 in four pacific island nations to determine the proportion of people previously infected with hav by ... | 2009 | 19520409 |
| synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 5-(1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)uridine derivatives. | some 5-(1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)uridine derivatives were synthesized via the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a 5-azidomethyluridine derivative with substituted acetylenes. the antiviral activities of these compounds against hepatitis a virus (hav, mbb cell culture-adapted strain) and herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) were tested. | 2009 | 19526706 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence and demographics in turkish children in ankara. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is the most common cause of hepatitis in childhood and an important public health problem. the objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis a and patient demographics in children between 1 and 15 years old who were admitted to a pediatric outpatient clinic in ankara, turkey. | 2009 | 19371270 |
| the feline calicivirus as a sample process control for the detection of food and waterborne rna viruses. | many food and waterborne outbreaks of infectious disease are caused by viruses. while numerous methods exist and are being developed to test food and water for the presence of enteric viruses, there is no standard control for the comparison of different methods. potential control viruses should be well characterized, share the physical characteristics of the enterically infecting viruses and not normally be associated with foods. here, the feline calicivirus (fcv) is proposed as a sample process ... | 2009 | 19394102 |
| inactivation of enteric viruses in minimally processed berries and herbs. | several hepatitis a virus (hav) and human norovirus (hunov) outbreaks due to consumption of contaminated berries and vegetables have recently been reported. model experiments were performed to determine the effectiveness of freeze-drying, freeze-drying combined with heating, and steam blanching for inactivation of enteric viruses that might be present on the surface of berries and herbs. inactivation of hav and inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate for hunov, were assessed by viral cul ... | 2009 | 19395576 |
| [prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis a and b in hiv-1-infected children and adolescents]. | patients coinfected with hiv and hepatitis b virus (hbv) have a higher risk of developing chronic hbv infection and a higher risk of hepatotoxicity. hepatitis a virus (hav) in hiv-infected patients may require antiretroviral treatment interruption, producing prolonged viremia. in this study, we assess the prevalence of protective antibodies in these patients. | 2009 | 19403205 |
| unilateral palatal and abducens palsy in childhood hepatitis a virus infection. | isolated cranial nerve paresis in childhood hepatitis a virus infection is rare. the authors report an instance of concomitant right-hand side palatal and abducens palsy, developing in the course of an otherwise uncomplicated hepatitis a virus infection in a 5-year-old girl. the neurological complications were transient, and she recovered completely with supportive therapy. | 2009 | 19406760 |
| synthesis of new acridines and hydrazones derived from cyclic beta-diketone for cytotoxic and antiviral evaluation. | cyclic beta-diketone namely, dimedone was utilized to prepare different chemical entities whether cyclic such as acridines, thiadiazole and triazole or acyclic systems as hydrazide, hydrazones, thiosemicarbazide and semicarbazide. the structures of the novel compounds were determined using elemental analyses and various spectroscopic methods. most acyclic derivatives especially semicarbazide 19, hydrazide 9 and thiosemicarbazide 16 showed a higher in vitro cytotoxic activity against hepatoma cel ... | 2009 | 19423201 |
| hepatitis vaccination and prophylaxis. | the three most commonly identified causes of viral hepatitis in the united states are hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv). hundreds of millions of people worldwide are infected by these viruses; many experience illness as a result. this article discusses current recommendations for vaccination and other forms of prophylaxis aimed at minimizing the clinical effects of these viruses. | 2009 | 19442921 |
| sero-epidemiology of hepatitis a virus infection among healthcare workers in korean hospitals. | hepatitis a virus (hav) has been increasingly reported in korea as has an outbreak in korean healthcare workers (hcws). this 2008 study evaluated the sero-epidemiology of hav infections among 3696 hcws in four korean hospitals. hcws were tested for immunoglobulin g anti-hav antibodies using commercially available kits. data including demographic characteristics, occupation, workplace and serological status for other hepatitis viruses were collected. statistical analyses were conducted to identif ... | 2009 | 19446368 |
| virus inactivation during the freeze-drying processes as used for the manufacture of plasma-derived medicinal products. | freeze-drying is a technology widely used during the production of plasma-derived medicinal products. several studies have shown that freeze-drying can also result in virus inactivation and particularly of hepatitis a virus (hav). to date, however, the variables critical for virus inactivation during freeze-drying have not been investigated systematically. | 2009 | 19453977 |
| [features of antigen-antibody interaction during use of linear synthetic peptides and multipeptide antigen modeling antigenic determinants of hepatitis a virus]. | to study features of antigen-antibody interaction during use of linear synthetic peptides and multipeptide antigen modelling antigenic determinants of hepatitis a virus (hav) and to evaluate perspectives for use of heterogeneous tetrameric multipeptide antigens for detection of hav serological markers. | 2009 | 19459474 |
| high prevalence of autoantibodies in hepatitis a infection: the impact on laboratory profiles. | in the absence of igm antibodies against hepatitis a virus (hav), hav infections can be regarded as autoimmune hepatitis when they show positive autoantibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and lack other viral markers. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, titres and impact of autoantibodies in korean patients with hav infection. | 2009 | 19465407 |
| the european sero-epidemiology network 2 (esen2): standardization of assay results for hepatitis a virus (hav) to enable comparisons of seroprevalence data across 15 countries. | the european sero-epidemiology network 2 (esen2) aimed to compare serological results of vaccine-preventable diseases across europe. to ensure direct inter-country comparability of hepatitis a virus antibody (anti-hav) measurements, a standardization panel of 150 sera was developed by a designated reference laboratory and tested by participating national laboratories using assays of choice; each country's results were subsequently regressed against those of the reference laboratory. quantitative ... | 2009 | 18694528 |
| phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis a virus in sera from patients with hepatitis a of various severities. | we analysed the association of the 5' nontranslated region (5'ntr), nonstructural proteins 2b and 2c of the hepatitis a virus (hav) genome, whose mutations have previously been shown to be important for enhanced replication in cell culture systems, in order to align all our data and examine whether genomic differences in hav are responsible for the range of clinical severities. | 2009 | 19040539 |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of behavioral interventions to improve vaccination compliance in homeless adults. | to estimate the cost-effectiveness of three behavioral interventions provided to enhance hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) joint vaccination (hav/hbv) compliance among homeless persons living in los angeles county. | 2009 | 19041351 |
| effects of a nurse-managed program on hepatitis a and b vaccine completion among homeless adults. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection constitutes a major health problem for homeless persons. ability to complete an hbv vaccination series is complicated by the need to prioritize competing needs, such as addiction issues, safe places to sleep, and food, over health concerns. | 2009 | 19092551 |
| inactivation of hepatitis a virus by heat and high hydrostatic pressure: variation among laboratory strains. | hepatitis a virus (hav) transmission via contaminated blood products has been reported. cell-adapted hav strains are generally used to confirm virus inactivation in manufacturing blood products, but the strains may differ in their sensitivity to inactivation treatment. to select an appropriate cell-adapted hav strain for virus validation, we compared the inactivation efficiency among four strains under two different physical inactivation treatments: heat and high hydrostatic pressure. | 2009 | 19121193 |
| functional recombinant human anti-hav antibody expressed in milk of transgenic mice. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is a wide spread pathogenic agent and is the common cause of acute hepatitis a worldwide. passive immunization of hav plays an extremely important role in post-exposure prophylaxis with clinical applications often requiring large amounts of antibody. as an alternative to the in vitro production of recombinant proteins, expression of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) in the milk of transgenic animals is currently used being associated with low production costs and high activity ... | 2009 | 19130282 |
| childhood hepatitis a virus infection complicated by pseudotumor cerebri. | a 4-year-old male child with hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is presented. his disease course was complicated by the development of pseudotumor cerebri (pc), as evidenced by symptoms and signs of increased intracranial pressure in the presence of normal cerebrospinal fluid examination and cranial magnetic resonance scan. the neurological examination was normal with the exception of the right-sided sixth cranial nerve paresis. his neurological course was uncomplicated with spontaneous recovery ... | 2009 | 19139677 |
| clinical and molecular characteristics of hepatitis a virus infections during the years 1992-2003 in ogaki, a centrally located city of japan. | the emergence of imported hepatitis a virus (hav) strains from other regions is a feature of acute hepatitis a in developed countries as well as the decrease in number of cases. | 2009 | 19167923 |
| high prevalence of hepatitis a virus antibody among bangladeshi children and young adults warrants pre-immunization screening of antibody in hav vaccination strategy. | serum samples from 465 subjects aged between 1 and 25 years were tested for antibody against hepatitis a virus (hav) [anti-hav igg and igm] to determine the seroprevalence of hav antibody and do a cost-benefit analysis for decision making about vaccination against hav among the general population of bangladesh. a high prevalence of anti-hav (74.8%) was observed in the study population; the whole study population was found positive for anti-hav by the age of 25 years. on performing the cost-benef ... | 2009 | 19172060 |
| simian hepatitis a virus derived from a captive rhesus monkey in india is similar to the strain isolated from wild african green monkeys in kenya. | summary: a simian hepatitis a virus (hav) was identified retrospectively in a faecal sample from a rhesus monkey in india, inoculated in 1995 with a faecal suspension from a suspected patient of non-a to e hepatitis. the monkey was in captivity for 2 years in one of the experimental primate facilities in western india before being moved to the national institute of virology, pune for experimentation. phylogenetic analysis based on a partial sequence of the 5' noncoding region placed this virus i ... | 2009 | 19175880 |
| influence of ph, salt, and temperature on pressure inactivation of hepatitis a virus. | the effects of ph (3-7), nacl (0-6%), and temperature on pressure inactivation of hepatitis a virus (hav) were determined. the hav samples were treated at 400 mpa for 1 min at 5, 20, and 50 degrees c. decreasing solution ph enhanced pressure inactivation of hav. this enhanced inactivation effect was most evident at 20 degrees c. a baroprotective effect was observed for nacl concentrations from 1 to 6%. for example, a treatment of 400 megapascals (mpa) for 1 min at 50 degrees c reduced the hav ti ... | 2009 | 19187994 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus infection in persons with hiv infection in taiwan: implications for hepatitis a vaccination. | to retrospectively determine the prevalence of anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) antibody in hiv-positive persons with different routes of hiv exposure and to describe its characteristics in order to guide vaccination policy. | 2009 | 19208490 |
| the expression, purification, and immunogenicity of a new chimeric virus-like particle. | virus-like particles (vlps) are highly immunogenic. in this study, gene fragments encoding hepatitis a virus (hav) vp1 (aa 24-171), a hepatitis e virus (hev) orf2 gene fragment encoding aa 431-615, and gene fragments encoding a nine-peptide linker were spliced together. the spliced gene fragments were then inserted into the expression vector pbv220, resulting in the recombinant plasmid pbv-ea342, which expressed a 342-amino acid fusion protein. the fusion protein was expressed in escherichia col ... | 2009 | 19210228 |
| should brazilian patients with chronic hepatitis c virus infection be vaccinated against hepatitis a virus? | hepatitis a virus (hav) superinfection is associated with a high risk of liver failure and death in patients with hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of serological and molecular hav markers in a population of hcv-infected patients in order to determine a cost-effective strategy to vaccinate against hav. | 2009 | 19215334 |
| serological evidence of infections and type 2 diabetes: the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis. | prospective studies have identified chronic inflammation as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. however, it is not known whether infection by specific pathogens or having a greater 'pathogen burden' is associated with diabetes. the aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional relation of seropositivity to five pathogens (chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, helicobacter pylori, hepatitis a virus, herpes simplex virus) and prevalent diabetes. | 2009 | 19236617 |
| chlorine inactivation of coliphage ms2 on strawberries by industrial-scale water washing units. | fruits and vegetables (produce) intended for minimal processing are often rinsed or washed in water. chlorine and other sanitizers are used during washing to inactivate produce spoilage microbes, but such procedures may also inactivate pathogens epidemiologically linked to produce, such as hepatitis a virus (hav). however, no information exists on the efficacy of chlorinated wash water to inactivate hav and other viruses on produce in actual practice, because of obvious safety concerns. in contr ... | 2009 | 19240350 |
| clinical features and predictors of outcome in acute hepatitis a and hepatitis e virus hepatitis on cirrhosis. | acute hepatitis a and e are recognized triggers of hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis, particularly from the indian subcontinent. however, the resulting acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) has not been well characterized and no large studies are available. our study aimed to evaluate the clinical profile and predictors of 3-month mortality in patients with this distinctive form of liver failure. | 2009 | 19267864 |
| dengue fever with hepatitis e and hepatitis a infection. | infection with dengue viruses produces a spectrum of clinical illness ranging from a nonspecific viral syndrome to severe and fatal haemorrhagic disease. important risk factors include the strain and serotype of the infecting virus, as well as the age, immune status, and genetic predisposition of the patient. the teaching point in this case study was dengue fever which occurred concomitantly with hepatitis a and hepatitis e virus infection. | 2009 | 19288948 |
| the effect of universal toddlers-only hepatitis a virus vaccination program on seropositivity rate in unvaccinated toddlers: evidence for reduced virus circulation in the community. | in july 1999, a national toddler-only hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccination program was introduced in israel. passive and active surveillance showed a large reduction in disease rate, but an objective measurement was needed. we hypothesized that toddler's vaccination in a population living in an endemic area would reduce virus circulation, resulting in reduced hav seropositivity rates in unvaccinated toddlers. | 2009 | 19295466 |
| evaluation of murine norovirus as a surrogate for human norovirus and hepatitis a virus in heat inactivation studies. | to determine the suitability of murine norovirus (mnv) as a surrogate for human norovirus (hunov) in heat inactivation studies. | 2009 | 19298511 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence in tuscany, italy. | information regarding the current seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) is useful for the control of hav infections. the objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of anti-hav antibodies among children (1-5 years old) and young adults (15-20 years old) in tuscany, in central italy. a total of 565 sera were collected in three years 1992, 1998 and 2004, equally distributed between the two age groups. the overal proportion of those that tested positive for anti-hav antibodies was 8.3 ... | 2009 | 19317984 |
| a shot in the rear, not a shot in the dark: application of a mass clinic framework in a public health emergency. | an outbreak of foodborne hepatitis a infection compelled two regional health departments in eastern tennessee to implement an emergency mass clinic for providing hepatitis immune serum globulin (isg) to several thousand potentially exposed people. for the mass clinic framework, we utilized the smallpox post-event clinic plans of the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), although the plans had only been exercised for smallpox. following cdc's guidelines for staffing and organizing the ... | 2009 | 19320362 |
| use of dried serum spots for serological and molecular detection of hepatitis a virus. | we assessed the feasibility of using dried serum spots (dss) for the serological and molecular diagnosis of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. sixty-eight sera spotted onto filter papers (whatman international ltd., united kingdom) were used for detection of total anti-hav antibodies, and 64 sera were used for detection of immunoglobulin m antibody to hav. dss were stored at 4 degrees c, room temperature, and 37 degrees c for 1, 2, and 4 weeks. sensitivity and specificity of the serological assa ... | 2009 | 19321728 |
| expression and immunogenicity of recombinant polypeptide vp1 of human hepatitis a virus in stably transformed fruitfly (drosophila melanogaster) schneider 2 cells. | we describe the secretory expression and immunogenicity of the recombinant hav (hepatitis a virus) structural polypeptide vp1 from stably transformed drosophila melanogaster s2 (schneider 2) cells. southern-blot analysis indicated that transformed s2 cells contained multiple copies of the hav vp1 gene in the genome. recombinant vp1 was secreted into a culture medium with a molecular mass of 42-49 kda. a maximum production level of 6.24 mg of recombinant vp1/litre was obtained in a t-flask cultur ... | 2009 | 18652573 |
| viral hepatitis in a multi-ethnic neighborhood in the netherlands: results of a community-based study in a low prevalence country. | the prevalence of viral hepatitis varies worldwide. although the prevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is generally low in western countries, pockets of higher prevalence may exist in areas with large immigrant populations. the aim of this study was to obtain further information on the prevalence of viral hepatitis in a multi-ethnic area in the netherlands. | 2009 | 18678518 |
| acute hepatitis a in a pregnant woman at delivery. | we report a case of acute hepatitis a in a 30-year-old pregnant woman with hepatitis onset occurring at time of delivery. both neonate and her mother were isolated from other patients. the hepatitis a virus (hav) genotype was ia. total anti-hav antibodies and hav rna were not detected from the newborn in a serum collected the first day of life; neither clinical symptoms nor increased alt levels were observed during the six first days of life. the mother quickly and fully recovered. hepatitis a h ... | 2009 | 18774327 |
| foodborne outbreak of hepatitis a, november 2007-january 2008, austria. | an outbreak of hepatitis a affecting 21 residents of an austrian city occurred from the end of november 2007 until mid-january 2008. a case series investigation suggested the consumption of food purchased from supermarket x as the common link. a food handler employed in the delicatessen department of that supermarket had been serologically diagnosed with hepatitis a on 28th november 2007. during the infectious period of approximately 3 weeks, he worked on 11 days. interviews with the other clust ... | 2009 | 18850121 |
| viral hepatitis, hiv, human herpes virus and treponema pallidum infection in haemodialysis patients from kosovo, 2005. | the serological status of hepatitis viruses and other infectious diseases in the 66 dialysed patients of one haemodialysis unit in kosovo were studied, comparing the data with a large group of blood donors and out-patients. all dialysed patients were hepatitis a virus (hav) positive. prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), hepatitis b surface antibodies (anti-hbs), and hepatitis b core antibodies (anti-hbc) was 14 of 66, 21% (95% confidence interval (ci): 12-33%), 5 of 66, 8% (95%ci: ... | 2009 | 20003903 |
| fulminant hepatitis failure in adults and children from a public hospital in rio de janeiro, brazil. | fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) is characterized by massive hepatocellular injury, whose physiopathology is still unclear. hepatitis b (hbv) is probably the most common viral cause of fhf, while hepatitis a (hav) virus seem occurs less frequently. however, the host and viral factors that determine the outcome of these infections are poorly understood. in the present study, viral load and genotyping determining regions of hav and hbv genomes were sequenced. eight fhf patients and one patient with ... | 2009 | 20428629 |
| [genetic analysis of hav strains isolated from patients with acute hepatitis in hebei shijiazhuang of china]. | to characterize the hepatitis a virus (hav) wild type strains circulating in hebei shijiazhuang of china during 2005-2007, to provide the bases for further investigation of the sources of hav infection. | 2009 | 20387485 |
| [genotyping of hepatitis a virus prevalent strains in xinjiang hetian of china in 2006]. | to analysis the genotypes of wild type hepatitis a virus circulated in xinjiang hetian of china in 2006. | 2009 | 20387486 |
| molecular characterization of hepatitis a virus causing an outbreak among thai navy recruits. | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is a communicable disease, typically transmitted by faecal-oral contamination. hav outbreaks usually occur in endemic areas. we report an outbreak of hav from june to july, 2008 among thai navy recruits who had received training at the sattahip navy base, chonburi province, thailand. upon conclusion of the training, the recruits were deployed to serve at several navy bases across the country. secondary cases of hav infection were reported among military personne ... | 2009 | 20237451 |
| [retrospective clinical epidemiology research on a sample of 277 patients with viral hepatitis a, 20-70 aged, from the suceava county, between 2001-2008]. | authors present some results of clinical epidemiological research carried out on a sample of 277 patients with viral hepatitis a (vha), hospitalized in suceava county, during 8 years. material and method: an annual evolution of vha incidence correlated with the epidemiological territorial situation was highlighted. results: incidence of vha in 20-40 age group represented 70.8%, and 33.5% in 20-25 age group. diagnosis index was unfavourable with influence for interval of hospitalization over 21 d ... | 2009 | 20191903 |
| [phylogenetic analysis indicates human origin of rotavirus and hepatitis a virus strains found in the drinking water of western colombia]. | quibdó, the capital of chocó province, is one of the poorest cities in colombia. enteric viruses such as rotavirus and hepatitis a virus was found to occur commonly in city drinking water and indicated poor water quality and high risk of becoming infected. the source of these viruses was unknown, but humans and cattle were suspect sources. | 2009 | 20128346 |
| [comparison of antibody persistence between live attenuated and inactivated hepatitis a vaccines]. | to study the antibody persistence of live attenuated hepatitits a vaccine, and to compare the antibody between with inactivated vaccine. | 2009 | 20077725 |
| [the immunogenicity and impact factors of hepatitis a attenuated live vaccine and inactivated vaccine]. | hepatitis a is one of the global public health problems, and china has high prevalence. in order to decrease the incidence of hepatitis a, china has integrated hepatitis a vaccine into expanded program on immunization (epi) in 2007. the paper will provide some ideas on the immunogenicity and impact factors of the different types of hepatitis a vaccines that are used in china. | 2009 | 20077742 |
| evaluation of ha negatively charged membranes in the recovery of human adenoviruses and hepatitis a virus in different water matrices. | human adenoviruses (hadv) and hepatitis a virus (hav) are shed in the faeces and consequently may be present in environmental waters, resulting in an increase in pathogen concentration that can affect water quality and human health. the aim of this study was to evaluate an adsorption-elution method which utilizes negatively charged membrane ha to determine the efficient recovery of hadv and hav from different water matrices and to combine this procedure with a qualitative molecular method (neste ... | 2009 | 20027462 |
| [epidemiology and clinical features of acute hepatitis a: from the domestic perspective]. | acute viral hepatitis a has recently become a major public health problem in korea, and the incidence of symptomatic hepatitis a is growing rapidly. with improvements in socioeconomic conditions and environmental hygiene, the chances of exposure to hepatitis a virus (hav) during childhood have decreased and, in turn, the proportion of young adults with positive anti-hav has significantly decreased. this has led to the incidence of symptomatic acute hepatitis a increasing since the late 1990s. th ... | 2009 | 20037262 |
| [a study on seroprevalence of anti-hav igg in adults of 4 cities in china]. | to investigate the seroprevalence of anti-hav igg in adults of 4 cities in china. | 2009 | 20038329 |
| general epidemiological parameters of viral hepatitis a, b, c, and e in six regions of china: a cross-sectional study in 2007. | viral hepatitis is a serious health burden worldwide. to date, few reports have addressed the prevalence of hepatitis a, b, c, and e in china. therefore, the general epidemiological parameters of viral hepatitis remain unknown. | 2009 | 20041146 |
| [hepatitis a virus seropositivity among healthcare workers at a university hospital in korea]. | healthcare workers (hcw) are known as a risk group of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection and vaccination of this group against hav has been suggested. however, the seroprevalence of hav antibody among hcw in korea has not been reported. we investigated the seropositivity of hav antibody in hcw, to obtain a baseline data. | 2009 | 20046087 |
| [an epidemiological analysis of hepatitis a virus serologic markers during the recent four years in korea]. | to establish effective preventive measures for hepatitis a virus (hav) infection, a nationwide epidemiologic study on seroprevalence of anti-hav and the disease prevalence is needed. the aim of this study was to analyze the recent sero-epidemiological changes of hepatitis a markers in korea. | 2009 | 20046089 |
| [hepatitis a virus detection in shellfish from tunisia by reverse transcription-nested pcr - investigation of a correlation between viral and bacterial contamination.] | objectives: we aimed at evaluating the contamination by hepatitis a virus (hav) of 54 shellfish samples collected from five tunisian shellfish harvesting areas and finding a correlation between bacterial and viral contamination. material and methods: fifty-four shellfish samples were analysed in our study. two methods of viral extraction were evaluated by reverse transcription-nested pcr. the first one was based on elution by glycine solution and the second one used a beef extract solution. bact ... | 2009 | 19944542 |
| [prevalence of anti-hepatitis a virus antibodies in chidren in marrakech]. | to determine the prevalence of anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) antibodies among moroccan children and to examine some of the factors influencing its transmission. | 2009 | 19836677 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence and risk factors among homeless adults in san francisco: should homelessness be included in the risk-based strategy for vaccination? | homeless adults have an increased risk of infectious diseases due to sexual and drug-related behaviors and substandard living conditions. we investigated the prevalence and risk factors for presence of hepatitis a virus (hav) antibodies among homeless and marginally housed adults. | 2009 | 19894423 |