Publications

cancer chemopreventive activity of euglobal-g1 from leaves of eucalyptus grandis.	in the course of our continuing search for novel cancer chemopreventive agents from natural sources, several kinds of eucalyptus plants were screened. consequently, the phlorogrucinol-monoterpene derivative, euglobal-g1 (eg-1), was obtained from the leaves of eucalyptus grandis as an active constituent. eg-1 exhibited the remarkable inhibitory effect on two-stage carcinogenesis test of mouse skin tumors induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba) as an initiator and fumonisin-b1, which has ...	2000	10814880
evaluation of acute toxicity and genotoxicity of liquid products from pyrolysis of eucalyptus grandis wood.	slow pyrolysis of eucalyptus grandis wood was performed in an oven laboratory, and smoke was trapped and condensed to yield liquid products. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and phenolic fractions were isolated from the former liquid products using adsorption column chromatography (acc) and identified by gc/ms. concentrations of pah and phenolic fractions in total pyrolysis liquids were respectively 48.9 microg/g and 8.59% (w/w). acute toxicity of total samples of pyrolysis liquids and th ...	2000	10629278
nighttime water use in an irrigated eucalyptus grandis plantation.	sap flow measurements showed that a well-watered four-year-old plantation of eucalyptus grandis (hill ex maiden) at wagga wagga, new south wales, australia, used 0.8 mm of water between 2100 and 0500 h on the midwinter night of july 30. sap flow ceased for 2 to 3 h after sunset before recommencing at high rates that reached a maximum of 0.3 mm per h between 0200 and 0300 h. this pattern is inconsistent with the replenishment of tissue water reserves depleted during the day. moreover, maximum lea ...	1999	10562402
modification of the carbohydrate composition of sulfite pulp by purified and characterized beta-xylanase and beta-xylosidase of aureobasidium pullulans.	both beta-xylanase and beta-xylosidase were purified to homogeneity from a xylose-grown culture of aureobasidium pullulans. cellular distribution studies of enzyme activities revealed that beta-xylanase was an extracellular enzyme, during both the exponential and stationary phases, whereas beta-xylosidase was mostly periplasmic associated. the beta-xylanase exhibited very high specificity for xylan extracted from eucalyptus grandis dissolving pulp, whereas the beta-xylosidase was only active on ...	1999	10194394
eucalypt mads-box genes expressed in developing flowers.	three mads-box genes were identified from a cdna library derived from young flowers of eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden. the three egm genes are single-copy genes and are expressed almost exclusively in flowers. the egm1 and egm3 genes shared strongest homology with other plant mads-box genes, which mediate between the floral meristem and the organ-identity genes. the egm3 gene was also expressed strongly in the receptacle or floral tube, which surrounds the carpels in the eucalypt flower an ...	1998	9765522
five phloroglucinol-monoterpene adducts from eucalyptus grandis.	five new euglobals possessing the phloroglucinol-monoterpene structure, euglobals g8-g12, together with a known euglobal-iic were isolated from the hexane fraction of the methanol extract of the leaves of eucalyptus grandis. euglobal-g8 is an adduct of formyl-isovaleroyl-phloroglucinol and gamma-terpinene whereas -g9, -g10 and -g11 have the same phloroglucinol moiety fused with alpha-terpinene, while euglobal-g12 has terpinolene fused with the same phloroglucinol moiety. the structures of these ...	1998	11711084
response of effluent-irrigated eucalyptus grandis and pinus radiata to salinity and vapor pressure deficits.	effects of high vapor pressure deficit (vpd) and soil salinity on growth and physiology of pinus radiata d. don and eucalyptus grandis hill ex maiden were studied in a five-year-old plantation irrigated with salt-enhanced effluent (2.2 ds m(-1)) or freshwater (0.2 ds m(-1)) for 14 weeks during spring and summer. salt was then rapidly leached by over-irrigation with low-salinity effluent. soil water and salinity, tree water stress, sap flux, substrate carbon conversion efficiency, foliage and ste ...	1998	12651343
transpiration and canopy conductance in a eucalypt plantation using shallow saline groundwater.	tree water use and canopy conductance were monitored in a 20-year-old eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden and eucalyptus camaldulensis dehnh. plantation shown to be using shallow saline groundwater. annual water use, obtained from two years of heat pulse measurements of daily water use, was approximately 300 mm for both species with a winter minimum and a weak maximum in spring. canopy conductance obtained from the ratio of daily water use to daily mean vapor pressure deficit (vpd) was low duri ...	1998	12651341
a comparison of heat pulse and deuterium tracing techniques for estimating sap flow in eucalyptus grandis trees.	sap flow rates were measured simultaneously by the heat pulse and deuterium tracing techniques in nine eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden. trees at two sites (1) to compare results from the two techniques and (2) to assess the impact of the assumptions underlying the deuterium tracing method on the calculation of sap flow for a range of tree sizes. the trees ranged in height from 4 to 14 m with leaf areas of 5 to 35 m(2). in all trees, sap flow estimated by the deuterium tracing technique was ...	1998	12651419
dry mass allocation, water use efficiency and delta(13)c in clones of eucalyptus grandis, e. grandis x camaldulensis and e. grandis x nitens grown under two irrigation regimes.	clonal variation in water use efficiency (wue), dry mass accumulation and allocation, and stable carbon isotope ratio (delta(13)c) of crude leaf fiber extracts was determined in six clones of eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden. grown for 16 months in field lysimeters in two soil water regimes. the relationships between delta(13)c and wue calculated on the basis of leaf, harvestable stem, shoot and whole-plant dry mass accumulation were investigated. there was no clonal variation in dry mass ac ...	1996	14871719
genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling growth and wood quality traits in eucalyptus grandis using a maternal half-sib family and rapd markers.	quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping of forest productivity traits was performed using an open pollinated half-sib family of eucalyptus grandis. for volume growth, a sequential qtl mapping approach was applied using bulk segregant analysis (bsa), selective genotyping (sg) and cosegregation analysis (csa). despite the low heritability of this trait and the heterogeneous genetic background employed for mapping, bsa detected one putative qtl and sg two out of the three later found by csa. the thre ...	1996	8913761
interactive effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide and leaf nitrogen concentration on canopy light use efficiency: a modeling analysis.	potential increases in plant productivity in response to increasing atmospheric co(2) concentration are likely to be constrained by nutrient limitations. however, the interactive effects of nitrogen nutrition and co(2) concentration on growth are difficult to define because both factors affect several aspects of growth, including photosynthesis, respiration, and leaf area. by expressing growth as a product of light intercepted and light use efficiency (epsilon), it is possible to decouple the ef ...	1996	14871764
growth and water use of eucalyptus grandis and pinus radiata plantations irrigated with effluent.	we studied the growth and water balance of young plantations of pinus radiata d. don and eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden irrigated with effluent for 3 years in a climate of high net evaporation. the plantations were irrigated weekly with secondary-treated municipal effluent at the estimated water-use rate, or at nominally twice or half this rate. control plots were irrigated with bore water at their estimated water-use rate. both species grew rapidly when irrigated with either effluent or b ...	1996	14871765
response of eucalyptus grandis trees to soil water deficits.	the use of potential transpiration models to simulate transpiration rates in areas prone to soil water deficits leads to overestimates of water use as the soil dries. therefore, i carried out studies on eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden trees subjected to soil drying at two field sites in the mpumalanga province of south africa to determine the relation between transpiration rate and soil water availability. i hypothesized that, with this relationship defined, simple modeling of the soil wate ...	1996	14871767
root adaptation and nitrogen source acquisition in natural ecosystems.	the capacity for nitrate reduction, as measured by nitrate reductase activity (nra), was generally low for a range of plant communities in australia (coastal heathland, rainforest, savanna woodland, monsoon forest, mangrove, open eucalyptus forest, coral cay open forest) and only a loose relationship existed between nra and leaf nitrogen concentration. this suggests that nitrate ions are not the sole nitrogen source in these communities. based on (15)n labeling experiments, we found a range of t ...	1996	14871787
genetic mapping in eucalyptus urophylla and eucalyptus grandis using rapd markers.	two single-tree linkage maps were constructed for eucalyptus urophylla and eucalyptus grandis, based on the segregation of 480 random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers in a f1 interspecific progeny. a mixture of three types of single-locus segregations were observed: 244 1:1 female, 211 1:1 male, and 25 markers common to both, segregating 3:1. markers segregating in the 1:1 ratio (testcross loci) were used to establish separate maternal and paternal maps, while markers segregating in the ...	1996	18469954
vegetative propagation of adult eucalyptus grandis x urophylla and comparison of growth between micropropagated plantlets and rooted cuttings.	methods for the production of micropropagated plantlets and rooted cuttings were developed and used to vegetatively multiply adult eucalyptus grandis x urophylla. rooting success was less than 5% when cuttings excised from twigs of 3-year-old trees were used. the rooted cuttings were grown in the greenhouse as explant- or cutting-donors and maintained at a height of 30 to 100 cm by trimming back periodically. good rooting success (95%) of cuttings was obtained for epicormic shoots produced from ...	1995	24185769
genetic mapping of qtls controlling vegetative propagation in eucalyptus grandis and e. urophylla using a pseudo-testcross strategy and rapd markers.	we have extended the combined use of the "pseudo-testcross" mapping strategy and rapd markers to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling traits related to vegetative propagation in eucalyptus. qtl analyses were performed using two different interval mapping approaches, mapmaker-qtl (maximum likelihood) and qtl-stat (non-linear least squares). a total of ten qtls were detected for micropropagation response (measured as fresh weight of shoots, fws), six for stump sprouting ability (measured ...	1995	24173047
use of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers in the discrimination and verification of genotypes in eucalyptus.	we carried out four separate studies using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers to analyse samples of eucalyptus supplied by several different organisations. the objective was to examine the reproducibility of the rapd technique and its ability to discriminate between individual genotypes for verification of clonal identities. we found that rapd profiles that are unique to a genotype can be generated reliably and simply and that even closely related genotypes can be distinguished. in ...	1994	24177893
field performance of micropropagated, macropropagated, and seed-derived propagules of three eucalyptus grandis ortets.	tree size, survival, and coppicing of micropropagated plantlets, macropropagated cuttings, and seedlings of eucalyptus grandis hill ex maiden were monitored through 57 months in a study in southern florida to assess propagation options. two plantlet lines developed by direct micropropagation and orchard open-pollinated seedlings from three ortets were compared in the main study. rooted cuttings from up to four ramets of each of the three ortets and another ortet were examined in an adjacent supp ...	1994	24196242
genetic linkage maps of eucalyptus grandis and eucalyptus urophylla using a pseudo-testcross: mapping strategy and rapd markers.	we have used a "two-way pseudo-testcross" mapping strategy in combination with the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) assay to construct two moderate density genetic linkage maps for species of eucalyptus. in the cross between two heterozygous individuals many single-dose rapd markers will be heterozygous in one parent, null in the other and therefore segregate 1:1 in their f1 progeny following a testcross configuration. meiosis and gametic segregation in each individual can be directly and ...	1994	7982566
regeneration of plants from leaf explants of micropropagated clonal eucalyptus grandis.	callus production along with caulogenesis was obtained from leaf explants of micropropagated clonal eucalyptus grandis after six to twelve weeks of culture. out of eight clones tested, six were amenable to shoot production using simple media containing naphthaleneacetic acid and either 6-benzyladenine or zeatin. differences in growth regulator requirements for organogenesis were observed between different clones. these shoots were then elongated on a medium containing gibberellic acid and rooted ...	1994	24194029
spatial distributions of foliar nitrogen and phosphorus in crowns of eucalyptus grandis.	eucalyptus grandis trees were grown in plantations with and without added fertiliser to examine the effects of plant nutrition on photosynthesis and growth. leaves were sampled from known locations within canopies of selected trees and leaf n and p concentrations were measured. contour maps of n and p distributions were then produced for crowns of trees aged between 6 and 16 months. gas exchange measurements on sample leaves were used to estimate parameters of a model of c3 photosynthesis as a f ...	1991	28312619
model simulations of spatial distributions and daily totals of photosynthesis in eucalyptus grandis canopies.	a simulation model for radiation absorption and photosynthesis was used to test the hypothesis that observed nonuniform distributions of nitrogen concentrations in young eucalyptus grandis trees result in greater amounts of daily assimilation than in hypothetical trees with uniform n distributions. simulations were performed for trees aged 6, 9, 12 and 16 months which had been grown in plantations under a factorial combination of two levels of fertilization and irrigation. observed leaf n distri ...	1991	28312618
nodule culture and regeneration of eucalyptus grandis hybrids.	callus of three superior eucalyptus grandis hybrids was induced from immature inflorescences, floral parts, shoot tips, zygotic embryos, and hypocotyl explants on various auxin (2,4-d or naa) and cytokinin (kinetin) supplemented media. hypocotyl callus initiated on 4 mg/l naa and 1 mg/l kinetin formed massive nodular structures, and shoots and roots after four weeks on hormone free-medium. callus from all other expiants turned brown and died upon transfer to hormone free or reduced hormone media ...	1991	24220718
structures of euglobal-g1, -g2, and -g3 from eucalyptus grandis, three new inhibitors of epstein-barr virus activation.	three new euglobals with acylphloroglucinol-monoterpene structures, named euglobal -g1 (1), -g2 (2), and -g3 (3) were isolated from the chloroform extract of the juvenile leaves of eucalyptus grandis (myrtaceae). the structures of these new compounds were determined on the basis of their spectral data. the compounds strongly inhibited the epstein-barr virus activation.	1990	2168298
nutrient accumulation in trees and soil following irrigation with municipal effluent in australia.	irrigation of tree crops is being evaluated as a method of land disposal of municipal effluent in australia. a study was carried out from 1980-84 in which seven tree species were sprinkler-irrigated with effluent at an annual rate of 1191-1752 mm. effective weed control and frequent irrigation resulted in good survival of all species (range 83-100%) at 12 months. total productivity was estimated at age 4 years by measuring biomass of each species inclusive of litter and roots to a soil depth of ...	1990	15092326
leaf phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations and net photosynthesis in eucalyptus seedlings.	seedlings of eucalyptus grandis hill ex maiden, e. pilularis smith and e. gummifera (sol. ex gaertner) hochr. were grown in solution culture with 100 micromol phosphorus (p). after eight weeks, half of the seedlings were transferred to solution cultures containing 1 micromol p. after a further four weeks, growth, net photosynthesis and foliar p and nitrogen (n) concentrations were measured. the seeds of e. grandis came from a relatively fertile site and those of the other two species from phosph ...	1989	14972983
comparative greenhouse study of eucalyptus grandis in vitro plantlets and half-sib seedlings, ii. dry matter accumulation and relative distribution.	in vitro directly micropropagated plantlets from three selected five-year-old eucalyptus grandis hill ex. maiden hybrids were compared to their related half-sib seedlings for growth and growth pattern parameters under greenhouse conditions used for operational seedling production. the oven dry weights were determined from stem, leaf, and root samples collected every 40 days for four times. relative growth rate, net assimilation rates and shoot:root ratio were calculated. survival was 98% and 95% ...	1989	24233539
comparative greenhouse study of eucalyptus grandis in vitro plantlets and half-sib seedlings, i. net photosynthesis.	tissue culture-derived plantlets from three superior five-year-old eucalyptus grandis hill ex maid hybrids were compared to their related half-sib seedlings under greenhouse conditions. net photosynthesis, chlorophyll a and b concentrations, and nitrogen concentration were sampled four times at 40-day intervals. comparisons were started 40 days after plantlets and germinating seedlings were moved from mist to greenhouse conditions. seedlings had higher net photosynthesis, chlorophyll and nitroge ...	1989	24233538
drought tolerance, growth partitioning and vigor in eucalypt seedlings and rooted cuttings.	to clarify the physiological basis of productivity differences among rooted cuttings and seedlings of eucalypt species, relationships between morphology and water relations were examined in 4-month-old seedlings of eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden, e. urophylla s.t. blake and e. cloeziana f. muell. and in 4-month-old rooted cuttings of three e. grandis cultivars. four-month-old seedlings had greater dry weights, lower leaf area/root dry weight (la/rdw) ratios and lower shoot/root dry weight ...	1988	14972803
in vitro propagation of eucalyptus grandis l. by tissue culture.	multiple shoots were induced from nodal segments of five year old trees of eucalyptus grandis l. on solid medium containing murashige and skoog's (ms) basal medium supplemented with additional thiamine, bap and naa. rooting could be achieved from shoot culture on half strength ms salts or white's medium supplemented with low auxins like iaa, iba and naa.	1985	24253685
effects of g, a growth regulator from eucalyptus grandis, on photosynthesis.	a growth regulator (g; 4-ethyl-1-hydroxy-4,8,8,10,10 pentamethyl-7,9-dioxo-2,3 dioxyabicyclo (4.4.0) decene-5) from eucalyptus grandis (maiden) reduced stomatal conductance and also photosynthetic capacity when fed through the transpiration stream of detached leaves. the concentration of g required for this effect was high (10(-4) molar), but the amount of g taken up (dose) was below the level which has previously been found in e. grandis leaves. similar effects were observed in detached leaves ...	1982	16662322
organ culture of eucalyptus grandis l.	organ culture of nodes of eucalyptus grandis permitted the rooting of nodes from much beyond no. 14, the highest node from which rooting has been described so far, namely up to node no. 80, the cotyledonary node being no. 1. plantlets which were obtained from node 50 have been successfully transferred to the field.	1975	24435305